精品解析：2026年山东省烟台市蓬莱区中考二模英语试题

卷 1 2026 年中考适应性考试英语试题 注意事项： 1．本试卷共12页，满分90分，考试用时100分钟。 2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置上。 3．选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的选项标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再涂选其它选项。 4．非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案：不能使用涂改液等。不按以上要求作答，无效。 5．考生必须保持答题卡的平整、整洁。 第一部分阅读理解共两节，满分35分 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Shadows of Sawtooth Ridge by Bernie Mcauley An American soldier (士兵) returns after the Vietnam War. He is surprised to find that his life at home has changed greatly. How will he pick up the pieces? Price: $11.95 outskirtspress.com/shadowsofsawtoothridge The Portal by David D. Bernstein After falling into a time gate during a Little League baseball game, 11-year-old Andy finds himself transported to his hometown — 101 years in the future. Price: $11.95 outskirtspress.com/theportal Clouds Over the Aegean by Alexander Rassogianis In 1920s Greece, two schoolgirls heard a dangerous conversation by accident. Fifty years later, their children searched for the truth about the secret their mothers kept. Price: $11.95 outskirtspress.com/cloudsovertheaegean Tales From the Brilliant Side of Growing Up by Raymond Kolcaba Growing up won’t happen on its own. You have to do something that encourages it. These are the true stories told with all of the funny details of real life. Price: $16.95 outskirtspress.com/thebrilliantside 1. Which book is a science fiction? A. The Shadows of Sawtooth Ridge. B. The Portal. C. Clouds Over the Aegean. D. Tales From the Brilliant Side of Growing Up. 2. Who might be more interested in Clouds Over the Aegean? A. An old soldier. B. A sports fan. C. A curious boy. D. A humorous man. 3. What do the four books have in common? A. They are on sale online. B. They are children’s books. C. They are marked the same price. D. They are full of funny stories. B Being overweight is harmful to health. It can increase the risk of diseases such as heart problems and high blood pressure. China has made a three-year weight management plan to help people control weight. So, do you know how to manage your weight? Both what you eat and how you eat are very important. You should eat meals at regular times. Have breakfast every day and finish dinner by 7 p.m.. Avoid snacks, fried food and drinks with lots of sugar. Eat until you’re 70% full and eat slowly. Begin your meal with vegetables, then meat, and finally rice or noodles. This helps to control how much you eat. Exercise is as crucial as eating. Try to exercise for 150 to 300 minutes each week such as walking, swimming or bike riding, along with strength training twice a week. If you sit for too long, stand up and move for 3 to 5 minutes every hour. Also, get enough sleep, about 7 hours a night. What’s more, some cities have already set up special “weight management clinics (门诊)” in hospitals. In order to help people lose weight safely, some experts can provide people with advice on diet, exercise plans and Traditional Chinese Medicine methods. Schools are encouraged to teach students about healthy eating. Families, hotels, and other places can also provide support for weight management. Even AI technology might be used to improve personal weight management. Experts remind us that weight management is not a short-term goal. It’s a lifelong habit. Let’s work together for a healthier future. 4. Why has China made a three-year weight management plan? A. To do medical research. B. To improve students’ diet. C. To encourage people to relax. D. To help people control weight. 5. What’s the second paragraph mainly about? A. Basic table manners. B. Healthy eating habits. C. Useful cooking skills. D. Scientific exercise plans. 6. The underlined word “crucial” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________. A. important B. popular C. convenient D. available 7. What can we infer from the passage? A. Experts can provide people with healthy food. B. Only hospitals provide support for weight management. C. Good habits make a big difference to weight management. D. Exercising for an hour each week is enough to help lose weight. C People are talking a lot about artificial intelligence (AI), viewing it as a force that could reshape how society works. But there is something important missing from this discussion. It isn’t enough to ask how it will change us. We also need to understand how we shape AI and what it can tell us about ourselves. Every AI model we develop mirrors our rules and expresses our beliefs. A few years ago, while looking for new workers, a famous company gave up an AI-powered tool after finding it unfavorable to women. The AI was not designed to behave this way, instead, it was influenced by the historical data (数据) favoring men. Similarly, a recent study found that lending algorithms (算法) often offer less favorable terms to people of color, worsening long-standing unfairness in money-lending business. In both cases, AI isn’t creating new biases (偏见), it is mirroring the ones that are already present. These reflections (反映) give us an important chance to take a close look at ourselves. By making these problems seen and more pressing, AI challenges us to recognize and address what causes algorithmic bias. As AI continues to develop, we must ask ourselves how we as average people want to shape its role in society. We should not only improve AI models, but also make sure that AI is developed and used responsibly. A number of companies are taking actions now. They are judging the data, rules, and beliefs that shape the behavior of AI models. Still, we cannot expect the companies to do all the work. As long as AI is trained on human data, it will reflect human behavior. That means we have to think carefully about the footprints of ourselves we leave in the world. I may value privacy, but if I give it up in a heartbeat to visit a website, the algorithms may make a very different judgment of what I really want and what is good for me. If I want meaningful human connections yet spend more time on social media and less time in the physical company of my friends, I am indirectly training AI models about the true nature of humanity. As AI becomes more powerful, we need to take increasing care to read our principles (原则) into the record of our actions rather than allowing the two to separate. Recognizing this allows us to make better decisions, but only when we are prepared to look closely and take responsibility for what we see. 8. Why does the writer introduce the two examples in Paragraph 2? A. To suggest a solution. B. To stress a difference. C. To challenge a practice. D. To support an opinion. 9. According to the passage, what is a good example of shaping AI responsibility? A. Guarding one’s privacy against AI models. B. Being mindful of our feeds into AI models. C. Training algorithms to favor the latest data. D. Designing algorithms to deal with unfairness. 10. How does the writer mainly develop the passage? A. By listing numbers. B. By giving examples. C. By showing stories. D. By explaining reasons. 11. Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A. AI Isn’t the Problem; We Are B. AI: A Tool to Reshape Our Society C. More Open algorithms for Better AI? D. Building Trust in Human-AI Relationships D What is a grassland? A grassland is a biome (生物群落区) that is covered with grasses. Grass is everything to a grassland. Grass is food for animals. Grass can keep the grassland warm and wet. Grass stops the wind from blowing away the soil. There are two kinds of grasslands. Temperate grasslands are one kind. Temperate means the environment has a mild (温和) climate and four seasons. Temperate grasslands have rich soil. Tropical (热带的) grasslands are the other kind. Tropical means the environment is near the equator and is warm all year round. Tropical grasslands have a rainy season and a dry season. They usually have more trees and poorer soil than temperate grasslands. Both temperate and tropical grasslands have a yearly rainfall of 25 to 75 centimeters. With so little rain, the land can dry out. Fires can start easily. What adaptations (适应性) help grassland plants and animals survive? Different grasslands have different kinds of grasses. However, nearly all grassland grasses have adaptations to growing well in dry conditions. Grasses have deep roots. The roots can take in water and keep nutrients (营养). When a fire burns, everything above ground is destroyed. Down below, the roots survive. They hold on to their water and nutrients. After a fire, new stalks (茎) can grow from the roots. The old, dead grass becomes part of the soil. Gradually, the soil gets richer and richer. Most grasses have adaptations to growing from the roots. This helps them survive and grow after animals eat the tops of the plants. Trees that grow in tropical grasslands also have adaptations that help them survive. For example, the baobab tree grows leaves only during the wet season. It loses its leaves during the dry season. Many kinds of animals live in grasslands. All of them have adaptations that help them survive. Some grassland animals have flat teeth for eating grass. For example, with their flat teeth, zebras bite off the tops of grasses that are difficult to cut. 12. What plays the most important role in a grassland? A. The tree. B. The soil. C. The grass. D. The animal. 13. What do the two kinds of grasslands have in common? A. The kind of grasses. B. The kind of climate. C. The number of seasons. D. The low yearly rainfall. 14. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Zebras use flat teeth for biting off grasses. B. After a fire, the grass on the grassland dies forever. C. The leaves of the baobab trees drop during the wet season. D. Most grasses can’t grow after animals eat the tops of the plants. 15. What does this passage mainly talk about? A. Life in the grassland. B. Fires in the grassland. C. Plants in the grassland. D. Climate of the grassland. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 What is the third season of the year called? It depends on where in the world you are and whom you ask. ____16____ But in the US, you will find that people usually use both fall and autumn interchangeably (交替地) when referring to this time of year. ____17____ According to Dictionary.com, fall isn’t a modern nickname that followed the more traditional autumn. The two terms are actually first recorded within a few hundred years of each other. ____18____ It means “picking” or “reaping (收割)”, referring to gathering and preserving crops before winter. In the 1500s, English speakers began referring to the third season with the falling of the leaves. ____19____ At the same time, the word is simple and evocative (形象). By the end of the 1600s, autumn from the French and the Latin, took the place of fall as the standard British word for the third season. Around the same time, the first British pioneers went to North America. ____20____ Although the word fall fell out of fashion overseas, it was still used as the local language before the US won its independence. Today, using both words to describe the season before winter is still an American behavior. A. The word “fall” is short for falling. B. In the UK, it usually has only one name: autumn. C. With them, they brought both the words ‘fall’ and ‘autumn’. D. The season between summer and winter was known as harvest long ago. E. There are several ways to express the third season of the year. F. So what gives the season two names in English? 第二部分语言知识应用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节完形填空（共10题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Su Shi was a famous poet and writer during the Song Dynasty in ancient China. For a few years he worked ____21____ an official in Huangzhou. One winter night, after ____22____ out the candles while getting ready for bed, he noticed the silvery moonlight through the window. “It will be a pity ____23____ I just go to sleep and miss the moonlight!” he thought. “And how cheerful it could be to take a walk in the moonlight!” But he felt lonely walking all on his own. He remembered his friend Zhang Huaimin ____24____ at a nearby temple at that time. So, he decided to make ____25____ unexpected visit to his friend. When Su Shi arrived at the temple, he was ____26____ to find that his friend was awake too. So, the two friends took a walk in the beautiful garden. The bright moonlight shone on the surface of the ground and made the garden look like a calm deep lake. The shadows of ____27____ on the ground looked like water plants. They seemed to move with the waves ____28____. The two friends were totally lost in the sight. For a while they simply forgot who and where they were. Su Shi ____29____ by the beautiful night. But what he loved most that night was the deep connection between himself and his friend. Su Shi was in such high spirits that he created a well-known article. He expressed how he felt about the walk. In his mind, it was a great pleasure for the two friends ____30____ the same cheerful feeling and love to enjoy the moon and the trees together. 21. A. as B. for C. out D. on 22. A. blow B. blew C. blowing D. to blow 23. A. before B. unless C. if D. until 24. A. was staying B. would stay C. stayed D. stays 25. A. a B. an C. the D. / 26. A. amazement B. amazing C. amazed D. amaze 27. A. the bamboo and pine tree B. the bamboo and pine trees C. the bamboo and pine trees’ D. the bamboo and pine trees’ 28. A. gentle B. gentler C. gentlest D. gently 29. A. attracted B. was attracted C. were attracted D. was attracting 30. A. share B. sharing C. shared D. to share 第二节 语法填空 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese culture is rich and colorful. There are many traditional folk arts, such as paper cutting, weiqi and Chinese painting. Among them, paper cutting is one of ____31____ (popular) ones. Paper cutting has a long history. It ____32____ (start) in the Han Dynasty. At first, people used paper to make simple cuts. Later, it became more and more beautiful. People cut paper into different ____33____ (shape), like birds, flowers and Chinese characters. Red paper is usually used ____34____ red stands for good luck in Chinese culture. Today, paper cutting is not only a kind of folk art but also a symbol of Chinese culture. Many people are trying to learn it and pass it ____35____ to the next generation. Some paper cuts ____36____ (show) in museums around the world in recent years. It helps more people ____37____ (know) about Chinese culture and love it. As students, we should learn more about Chinese traditional folk arts. We can join some clubs to practice ____38____ (make) paper cuts or playing weiqi. It is our duty ____39____ (protect) and develop Chinese traditional culture, so that it can continue to shine ____40____ (bright) in the world. Let’s work together to make Chinese culture more well-known to the world. 第三部分 书面表达 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 阅读表达 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 Do you speak a dialect (方言), which means local language, in daily life? While many Chinese people speak Putonghua, some local dialects are in danger of disappearing. To save them, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project a few years ago. This project looks at how people talk in 1,712 places. Their languages include 103 dialects that are almost gone. It has helped China to build the largest language resource library in the world. There’s an online library. In it people can learn dialects from over 5.6 million audio clips and over 5 million videos. Why is it important to protect the dialect culture? According to Harold Palmer, a world expert on language, “dialects are a key to storing local cultures. Language clearly shows the history and beliefs of an area,” he said. Scholar Zhang Hongming talked about his worries about the disappearance of dialects. “For about 10 years, in the Wu dialect areas such as Shanghai and Suzhou, children aged 6 to 15 can understand but hardly speak the dialect. Young people above 15 years old sometimes speak it, but not very well. If this keeps happening, the dialect might disappear,” he said. So how did China make this big library? “A big national effort has been put into the project to make it happen,” said Cao Zhiyun, an expert on the project. “More than 350 universities and research groups joined in, along with thousands of experts and dialect speakers.” The project is now entering into its second part. It includes creating digital tools like apps and mobile dictionaries to help people learn dialects. 41. Why did the Chinese government start the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project? ___________________________________________________________________________ 42. Where can people learn dialects from audio clips and videos? ___________________________________________________________________________ 43. What did Zhang Hongming worry about? ___________________________________________________________________________ 44. To make the big library, what effort did the project make? ___________________________________________________________________________ 45. What will be created in the second part of the project? ___________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 写作 （满分20分） 46. 你家所在的社区怎么样？你对其哪些方面是满意的？哪些方面是不满意的，你希望其如何改进？请以“My lovely but imperfect community”为题，写一篇短文，向英语报纸Teens的“Praise & Roast（点赞与吐槽）”栏目投稿，内容需包含以下要点： 内容要点： （1）介绍你所在的社区的自然环境、居住环境、公共设施以及邻里人际关系； （2）指出你对自己所在的社区有哪些不满意的地方？并提出相对应的改进建议； （3）谈谈你理想中完美社区的模样，以及你愿意为社区改进做些什么。 写作要求： （1）涵盖所有内容要点，并适当拓展，以使语言通顺，行文连贯； （2）文中不能出现真实的社区、校名和姓名等信息； （3）字数在100词左右。 My lovely but imperfect community ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 卷 1 2026 年中考适应性考试英语试题 注意事项： 1．本试卷共12页，满分90分，考试用时100分钟。 2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置上。 3．选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的选项标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再涂选其它选项。 4．非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案：不能使用涂改液等。不按以上要求作答，无效。 5．考生必须保持答题卡的平整、整洁。 第一部分阅读理解共两节，满分35分 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Shadows of Sawtooth Ridge by Bernie Mcauley An American soldier (士兵) returns after the Vietnam War. He is surprised to find that his life at home has changed greatly. How will he pick up the pieces? Price: $11.95 outskirtspress.com/shadowsofsawtoothridge The Portal by David D. Bernstein After falling into a time gate during a Little League baseball game, 11-year-old Andy finds himself transported to his hometown — 101 years in the future. Price: $11.95 outskirtspress.com/theportal Clouds Over the Aegean by Alexander Rassogianis In 1920s Greece, two schoolgirls heard a dangerous conversation by accident. Fifty years later, their children searched for the truth about the secret their mothers kept. Price: $11.95 outskirtspress.com/cloudsovertheaegean Tales From the Brilliant Side of Growing Up by Raymond Kolcaba Growing up won’t happen on its own. You have to do something that encourages it. These are the true stories told with all of the funny details of real life. Price: $16.95 outskirtspress.com/thebrilliantside 1. Which book is a science fiction? A. The Shadows of Sawtooth Ridge. B. The Portal. C. Clouds Over the Aegean. D. Tales From the Brilliant Side of Growing Up. 2. Who might be more interested in Clouds Over the Aegean? A. An old soldier. B. A sports fan. C. A curious boy. D. A humorous man. 3. What do the four books have in common? A. They are on sale online. B. They are children’s books. C. They are marked the same price. D. They are full of funny stories. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了四本书，包括其内容梗概，价格及购买链接。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据“The Portal by David D. Bernstein After falling into a time gate during a Little League baseball game, 11-year-old Andy finds himself transported to his hometown — 101 years in the future.”可知，The Portal是科幻小说，故选B。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中“Clouds Over the Aegean In 1920s Greece, two schoolgirls heard a dangerous conversation by accident. Fifty years later, their children searched for the truth about the secret their mothers kept.”可知，这本书存在很多疑点，好奇的男孩可能对它感兴趣。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。本文介绍了四本书的信息，并在最后介绍了购买链接，可推出四本书都在网上出售。故选A。 B Being overweight is harmful to health. It can increase the risk of diseases such as heart problems and high blood pressure. China has made a three-year weight management plan to help people control weight. So, do you know how to manage your weight? Both what you eat and how you eat are very important. You should eat meals at regular times. Have breakfast every day and finish dinner by 7 p.m.. Avoid snacks, fried food and drinks with lots of sugar. Eat until you’re 70% full and eat slowly. Begin your meal with vegetables, then meat, and finally rice or noodles. This helps to control how much you eat. Exercise is as crucial as eating. Try to exercise for 150 to 300 minutes each week such as walking, swimming or bike riding, along with strength training twice a week. If you sit for too long, stand up and move for 3 to 5 minutes every hour. Also, get enough sleep, about 7 hours a night. What’s more, some cities have already set up special “weight management clinics (门诊)” in hospitals. In order to help people lose weight safely, some experts can provide people with advice on diet, exercise plans and Traditional Chinese Medicine methods. Schools are encouraged to teach students about healthy eating. Families, hotels, and other places can also provide support for weight management. Even AI technology might be used to improve personal weight management. Experts remind us that weight management is not a short-term goal. It’s a lifelong habit. Let’s work together for a healthier future. 4. Why has China made a three-year weight management plan? A. To do medical research. B. To improve students’ diet. C. To encourage people to relax. D. To help people control weight. 5. What’s the second paragraph mainly about? A. Basic table manners. B. Healthy eating habits. C. Useful cooking skills. D. Scientific exercise plans. 6. The underlined word “crucial” in Paragraph 3 probably means ________. A. important B. popular C. convenient D. available 7. What can we infer from the passage? A. Experts can provide people with healthy food. B. Only hospitals provide support for weight management. C. Good habits make a big difference to weight management. D. Exercising for an hour each week is enough to help lose weight. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中国的三年体重管理计划，从饮食、运动、专业支持等方面给出了体重管理的建议，并强调体重管理是长期的健康习惯。 【4题详解】 根据第一段第三句“China has made a three-year weight management plan to help people control weight.”可知，中国制定三年体重管理计划是为了帮助人们控制体重。 【5题详解】 第二段首句提到“Both what you eat and how you eat are very important.”，随后列举了规律饮食、避免零食、七分饱等具体建议，主要讲的是健康的饮食习惯。 【6题详解】 根据第三段首句“Exercise is as crucial as eating.”并结合第二段强调饮食很重要，可知此处指运动和饮食一样“重要”。crucial 意为“关键的，至关重要的”，与important同义。 【7题详解】 全文强调饮食、运动、睡眠等习惯对体重管理的重要性，且结尾提到“It’s a lifelong habit.”，可推断好习惯对体重管理影响很大。 C People are talking a lot about artificial intelligence (AI), viewing it as a force that could reshape how society works. But there is something important missing from this discussion. It isn’t enough to ask how it will change us. We also need to understand how we shape AI and what it can tell us about ourselves. Every AI model we develop mirrors our rules and expresses our beliefs. A few years ago, while looking for new workers, a famous company gave up an AI-powered tool after finding it unfavorable to women. The AI was not designed to behave this way, instead, it was influenced by the historical data (数据) favoring men. Similarly, a recent study found that lending algorithms (算法) often offer less favorable terms to people of color, worsening long-standing unfairness in money-lending business. In both cases, AI isn’t creating new biases (偏见), it is mirroring the ones that are already present. These reflections (反映) give us an important chance to take a close look at ourselves. By making these problems seen and more pressing, AI challenges us to recognize and address what causes algorithmic bias. As AI continues to develop, we must ask ourselves how we as average people want to shape its role in society. We should not only improve AI models, but also make sure that AI is developed and used responsibly. A number of companies are taking actions now. They are judging the data, rules, and beliefs that shape the behavior of AI models. Still, we cannot expect the companies to do all the work. As long as AI is trained on human data, it will reflect human behavior. That means we have to think carefully about the footprints of ourselves we leave in the world. I may value privacy, but if I give it up in a heartbeat to visit a website, the algorithms may make a very different judgment of what I really want and what is good for me. If I want meaningful human connections yet spend more time on social media and less time in the physical company of my friends, I am indirectly training AI models about the true nature of humanity. As AI becomes more powerful, we need to take increasing care to read our principles (原则) into the record of our actions rather than allowing the two to separate. Recognizing this allows us to make better decisions, but only when we are prepared to look closely and take responsibility for what we see. 8. Why does the writer introduce the two examples in Paragraph 2? A. To suggest a solution. B. To stress a difference. C. To challenge a practice. D. To support an opinion. 9. According to the passage, what is a good example of shaping AI responsibility? A. Guarding one’s privacy against AI models. B. Being mindful of our feeds into AI models. C. Training algorithms to favor the latest data. D. Designing algorithms to deal with unfairness. 10. How does the writer mainly develop the passage? A. By listing numbers. B. By giving examples. C. By showing stories. D. By explaining reasons. 11. Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A. AI Isn’t the Problem; We Are B. AI: A Tool to Reshape Our Society C. More Open algorithms for Better AI? D. Building Trust in Human-AI Relationships 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了人工智能（AI）并非独立存在，而是反映了人类自身的偏见和行为。作者通过具体案例说明AI只是镜像了人类已有的不公平，并呼吁人们不仅要改进AI模型，更要反思自身行为，对AI的发展承担责任。 【8题详解】 第二段提出观点：“AI isn’t creating new biases, it is mirroring the ones that are already present.” 随后给出两个例子——某公司AI招聘工具歧视女性，以及贷款算法对有色人种不利——都是为了支撑这一观点，说明AI只是反映了已有的偏见，而非制造新偏见。因此选D，用例子来支持观点。 【9题详解】 第四段指出：“That means we have to think carefully about the footprints of ourselves we leave in the world.” 并举例说明：如果你重视隐私却轻易放弃，算法就会做出不同判断。这说明塑造AI责任的好方式是注意我们输入给AI的内容（our feeds into AI models）。 【10题详解】 全文通过大量具体例子来展开论述：第二段用招聘AI和贷款算法的例子说明AI反映人类偏见，第四段用个人浏览网站和社交媒体的例子说明个人行为如何影响AI。作者主要通过举例（giving examples）来发展文章。 【11题详解】 全文核心观点是：AI不是问题的根源，人类自身才是。AI只是镜像了人类的偏见和行为，真正需要改变的是我们自己。标题“AI Isn’t the Problem; We Are”最能概括全文主旨。 D What is a grassland? A grassland is a biome (生物群落区) that is covered with grasses. Grass is everything to a grassland. Grass is food for animals. Grass can keep the grassland warm and wet. Grass stops the wind from blowing away the soil. There are two kinds of grasslands. Temperate grasslands are one kind. Temperate means the environment has a mild (温和) climate and four seasons. Temperate grasslands have rich soil. Tropical (热带的) grasslands are the other kind. Tropical means the environment is near the equator and is warm all year round. Tropical grasslands have a rainy season and a dry season. They usually have more trees and poorer soil than temperate grasslands. Both temperate and tropical grasslands have a yearly rainfall of 25 to 75 centimeters. With so little rain, the land can dry out. Fires can start easily. What adaptations (适应性) help grassland plants and animals survive? Different grasslands have different kinds of grasses. However, nearly all grassland grasses have adaptations to growing well in dry conditions. Grasses have deep roots. The roots can take in water and keep nutrients (营养). When a fire burns, everything above ground is destroyed. Down below, the roots survive. They hold on to their water and nutrients. After a fire, new stalks (茎) can grow from the roots. The old, dead grass becomes part of the soil. Gradually, the soil gets richer and richer. Most grasses have adaptations to growing from the roots. This helps them survive and grow after animals eat the tops of the plants. Trees that grow in tropical grasslands also have adaptations that help them survive. For example, the baobab tree grows leaves only during the wet season. It loses its leaves during the dry season. Many kinds of animals live in grasslands. All of them have adaptations that help them survive. Some grassland animals have flat teeth for eating grass. For example, with their flat teeth, zebras bite off the tops of grasses that are difficult to cut. 12. What plays the most important role in a grassland? A. The tree. B. The soil. C. The grass. D. The animal. 13. What do the two kinds of grasslands have in common? A. The kind of grasses. B. The kind of climate. C. The number of seasons. D. The low yearly rainfall. 14. Which of the following is TRUE? A. Zebras use flat teeth for biting off grasses. B. After a fire, the grass on the grassland dies forever. C. The leaves of the baobab trees drop during the wet season. D. Most grasses can’t grow after animals eat the tops of the plants. 15. What does this passage mainly talk about? A. Life in the grassland. B. Fires in the grassland. C. Plants in the grassland. D. Climate of the grassland. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了草原生物群落的特点、分类、气候条件以及动植物为适应干旱和火灾环境而进化出的特殊适应性。 【12题详解】 第一段提到“Grass is everything to a grassland.”，因此草在草原中起着最重要的作用。 【13题详解】 第二段提到“Both temperate and tropical grasslands have a yearly rainfall of 25 to 75 centimeters.”，因此两者的共同点是年降雨量较低。 【14题详解】 最后一段提到“with their flat teeth, zebras bite off the tops of grasses that are difficult to cut.”，因此斑马用扁平牙齿啃食草。 【15题详解】 全文介绍了草原的气候、分类以及动植物为生存而发展的适应性，因此主要讲述“草原上的生命”。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 What is the third season of the year called? It depends on where in the world you are and whom you ask. ____16____ But in the US, you will find that people usually use both fall and autumn interchangeably (交替地) when referring to this time of year. ____17____ According to Dictionary.com, fall isn’t a modern nickname that followed the more traditional autumn. The two terms are actually first recorded within a few hundred years of each other. ____18____ It means “picking” or “reaping (收割)”, referring to gathering and preserving crops before winter. In the 1500s, English speakers began referring to the third season with the falling of the leaves. ____19____ At the same time, the word is simple and evocative (形象). By the end of the 1600s, autumn from the French and the Latin, took the place of fall as the standard British word for the third season. Around the same time, the first British pioneers went to North America. ____20____ Although the word fall fell out of fashion overseas, it was still used as the local language before the US won its independence. Today, using both words to describe the season before winter is still an American behavior. A. The word “fall” is short for falling. B. In the UK, it usually has only one name: autumn. C. With them, they brought both the words ‘fall’ and ‘autumn’. D. The season between summer and winter was known as harvest long ago. E. There are several ways to express the third season of the year. F. So what gives the season two names in English? 【答案】16. B 17. F 18. D 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了一年中第三个季节在不同地区的不同名称，重点解释了“fall”和“autumn”两个词的由来及在英美两国的使用差异。 【16题详解】 第一段前文提到“It depends on where in the world you are and whom you ask.”，后文提到“But in the US, you will find that people usually use both fall and autumn interchangeably.”，选项B“In the UK, it usually has only one name: autumn.”能够承接上文，说明在英国只用“autumn”一个名称，与后文美国两个词交替使用形成对比，逻辑通顺。 【17题详解】 第二段后文提到“According to Dictionary.com, fall isn’t a modern nickname that followed the more traditional autumn. The two terms are actually first recorded within a few hundred years of each other.”，选项F“So what gives the season two names in English?”能够承接上文，在提出英美用词差异后，自然引出下文对两个词由来的解释。 【18题详解】 第三段后文提到“It means ‘picking’ or ‘reaping (收割)’, referring to gathering and preserving crops before winter.”，选项D“The season between summer and winter was known as harvest long ago.”能够承接上文，引出“harvest”这个古老名称，后文的“It”正好指代“harvest”并解释其含义。 【19题详解】 第四段前文提到“English speakers began referring to the third season with the falling of the leaves.”，后文提到“At the same time, the word is simple and evocative (形象).”，选项A“The word ‘fall’ is short for falling.”能够承接上文，解释“fall”一词其实是“falling”的缩写，后文“simple and evocative”正是对这个简短词汇的评价。 【20题详解】 第五段前文提到“the first British pioneers went to North America.”，后文提到“Although the word fall fell out of fashion overseas, it was still used as the local language before the US won its independence.”，选项C“With them, they brought both the words ‘fall’ and ‘autumn’.”能够承接上文，说明英国殖民者把两个词都带到了北美，与后文“fall在海外过时但在当地仍被使用”形成逻辑呼应。 第二部分语言知识应用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节完形填空（共10题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Su Shi was a famous poet and writer during the Song Dynasty in ancient China. For a few years he worked ____21____ an official in Huangzhou. One winter night, after ____22____ out the candles while getting ready for bed, he noticed the silvery moonlight through the window. “It will be a pity ____23____ I just go to sleep and miss the moonlight!” he thought. “And how cheerful it could be to take a walk in the moonlight!” But he felt lonely walking all on his own. He remembered his friend Zhang Huaimin ____24____ at a nearby temple at that time. So, he decided to make ____25____ unexpected visit to his friend. When Su Shi arrived at the temple, he was ____26____ to find that his friend was awake too. So, the two friends took a walk in the beautiful garden. The bright moonlight shone on the surface of the ground and made the garden look like a calm deep lake. The shadows of ____27____ on the ground looked like water plants. They seemed to move with the waves ____28____. The two friends were totally lost in the sight. For a while they simply forgot who and where they were. Su Shi ____29____ by the beautiful night. But what he loved most that night was the deep connection between himself and his friend. Su Shi was in such high spirits that he created a well-known article. He expressed how he felt about the walk. In his mind, it was a great pleasure for the two friends ____30____ the same cheerful feeling and love to enjoy the moon and the trees together. 21. A. as B. for C. out D. on 22. A. blow B. blew C. blowing D. to blow 23. A. before B. unless C. if D. until 24. A. was staying B. would stay C. stayed D. stays 25. A. a B. an C. the D. / 26. A. amazement B. amazing C. amazed D. amaze 27. A. the bamboo and pine tree B. the bamboo and pine trees C. the bamboo and pine trees’ D. the bamboo and pine trees’ 28. A. gentle B. gentler C. gentlest D. gently 29. A. attracted B. was attracted C. were attracted D. was attracting 30. A. share B. sharing C. shared D. to share 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了宋代著名诗人苏轼在黄州任官期间，一个冬夜因月光美丽不忍独自入睡，便去拜访好友张怀民，两人在月光下漫步赏景、沉醉其中，并因此写下了一篇著名文章的故事。 【21题详解】 句意：有几年他在黄州担任官员。 work as“担任……职务”，固定搭配，表示以某种身份工作。as“作为”符合语境，for“为了”、out“出去”和on“在……上”不符合。 【22题详解】 句意：一个冬夜，在准备睡觉时吹灭蜡烛后，他注意到了透过窗户的银色月光。 after是介词，后接动名词形式，blowing“吹灭”符合语法要求。blow是原形，blew是过去式，to blow是不定式，均不符合介词后的用法。 【23题详解】 句意：如果我就这样睡着而错过了月光，那将是一件憾事！ 此处表示假设条件，“如果”就这样睡着会很可惜，if“如果”引导条件状语从句，符合语境。before“在……之前”、unless“除非”和until“直到”不符合句意。 【24题详解】 句意：他想起他的朋友张怀民那时正住在附近的一座寺庙里。 at that time“在那时”表明动作在过去某一时刻正在进行，应用过去进行时，was staying“正住在”符合语境。would stay是过去将来时，stayed是一般过去时，stays是一般现在时，均不符。 【25题详解】 句意：所以，他决定去拜访他的朋友，给他一个惊喜。 unexpected以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an修饰。a用于辅音音素开头的单词前，the是定冠词表特指，/表示零冠词，均不符。 【26题详解】 句意：当苏轼到达寺庙时，他惊讶地发现他的朋友也醒着。 be amazed to do sth.“惊讶地做某事”，形容人的感受用amazed“感到惊讶的”。amazement是名词，amazing“令人惊讶的”形容事物，amaze是动词原形，均不符。 【27题详解】 句意：竹子和松树的影子在地上看起来像水生植物。 根据“shadows (影子)”的主语是“竹子和松树”，用复数形式“the bamboo and pine trees”。 【28题详解】 句意：它们似乎随着波浪轻柔地移动。 此处修饰动词move，应用副词形式，gently“轻柔地”符合语法要求。gentle是形容词，gentler和gentlest是比较级和最高级，均不能修饰动词。 【29题详解】 句意：苏轼被美丽的夜色所吸引。 Su Shi与attract之间是被动关系，且主语是单数，应用一般过去时的被动语态was attracted。attracted缺少be动词，were attracted主语应为复数，was attracting是主动语态，均不符。 【30题详解】 句意：在他看来，两个朋友能一起分享同样的快乐心情和对月亮和树木的喜爱，是一件极大的乐事。 It is a great pleasure for sb. to do sth.“对某人来说做某事是一大乐事”，固定句型，应用不定式to share。share是原形，sharing是动名词，shared是过去式，均不符。 第二节 语法填空 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese culture is rich and colorful. There are many traditional folk arts, such as paper cutting, weiqi and Chinese painting. Among them, paper cutting is one of ____31____ (popular) ones. Paper cutting has a long history. It ____32____ (start) in the Han Dynasty. At first, people used paper to make simple cuts. Later, it became more and more beautiful. People cut paper into different ____33____ (shape), like birds, flowers and Chinese characters. Red paper is usually used ____34____ red stands for good luck in Chinese culture. Today, paper cutting is not only a kind of folk art but also a symbol of Chinese culture. Many people are trying to learn it and pass it ____35____ to the next generation. Some paper cuts ____36____ (show) in museums around the world in recent years. It helps more people ____37____ (know) about Chinese culture and love it. As students, we should learn more about Chinese traditional folk arts. We can join some clubs to practice ____38____ (make) paper cuts or playing weiqi. It is our duty ____39____ (protect) and develop Chinese traditional culture, so that it can continue to shine ____40____ (bright) in the world. Let’s work together to make Chinese culture more well-known to the world. 【答案】31. the most popular 32. started 33. shapes 34. because 35. on 36. have been shown##are shown 37. know##to know 38. making 39. to protect 40. brightly 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中国丰富多样的传统民间艺术，重点讲述了剪纸的历史、特点、文化意义，呼吁我们传承和弘扬中华传统文化。 【31题详解】 句意：其中，剪纸是最受欢迎的民间艺术之一。“one of+the+形容词最高级+复数名词”为固定结构，表示“最……之一”，popular的最高级为most popular，前面需加定冠词the。用the most popular。 【32题详解】 句意：它起源于汉代。根据时间状语“in the Han Dynasty”可知，句子描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，start的过去式为started。 【33题详解】 句意：人们把纸剪成不同的形状，比如鸟、花和汉字。different后接可数名词复数，shape的复数形式为shapes。 【34题详解】 句意：人们通常使用红纸，因为在中国文化中红色代表好运。前后句为因果关系，后句说明使用红纸的原因，应用连词because。 【35题详解】 句意：许多人正努力学习它，并把它传给下一代。固定搭配“pass sth. on to sb.”表示“把某物传给某人”，用on。 【36题详解】 句意：近年来，一些剪纸作品在世界各地的博物馆展出。主语“Some paper cuts”与show为被动关系，根据时间状语“in recent years”可知，可用现在完成时的被动语态“have been shown”或一般现在时的被动语态“are shown”表示客观事实。 【37题详解】 句意：它帮助更多的人了解并喜爱中国文化。固定搭配“help sb. (to) do sth.”表示“帮助某人做某事”，to可省略。用know/to know。 【38题详解】 句意：我们可以加入一些俱乐部练习剪纸或下围棋。固定搭配“practice doing sth.”表示“练习做某事”，make的动名词形式为making。 【39题详解】 句意：保护和发展中国传统文化是我们的责任。固定句型“It is one’s duty to do sth.”表示“做某事是某人的责任”，不定式作真正主语。用to protect。 【40题详解】 句意：这样它就能在世界上继续闪耀光芒。修饰动词shine需用副词，bright的副词形式为brightly。 第三部分 书面表达 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 阅读表达 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 Do you speak a dialect (方言), which means local language, in daily life? While many Chinese people speak Putonghua, some local dialects are in danger of disappearing. To save them, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project a few years ago. This project looks at how people talk in 1,712 places. Their languages include 103 dialects that are almost gone. It has helped China to build the largest language resource library in the world. There’s an online library. In it people can learn dialects from over 5.6 million audio clips and over 5 million videos. Why is it important to protect the dialect culture? According to Harold Palmer, a world expert on language, “dialects are a key to storing local cultures. Language clearly shows the history and beliefs of an area,” he said. Scholar Zhang Hongming talked about his worries about the disappearance of dialects. “For about 10 years, in the Wu dialect areas such as Shanghai and Suzhou, children aged 6 to 15 can understand but hardly speak the dialect. Young people above 15 years old sometimes speak it, but not very well. If this keeps happening, the dialect might disappear,” he said. So how did China make this big library? “A big national effort has been put into the project to make it happen,” said Cao Zhiyun, an expert on the project. “More than 350 universities and research groups joined in, along with thousands of experts and dialect speakers.” The project is now entering into its second part. It includes creating digital tools like apps and mobile dictionaries to help people learn dialects. 41. Why did the Chinese government start the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project? ___________________________________________________________________________ 42. Where can people learn dialects from audio clips and videos? ___________________________________________________________________________ 43. What did Zhang Hongming worry about? ___________________________________________________________________________ 44. To make the big library, what effort did the project make? ___________________________________________________________________________ 45. What will be created in the second part of the project? ___________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】41. To save the local dialects, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project a few years ago. 42. In an online library. 43. He worried about the disappearance of dialects. 44. More than 350 universities and research groups joined in, along with thousands of experts and dialect speakers. 45. Digital tools like apps and mobile dictionaries. 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中国方言面临消失的现状，讲述了中国语言资源保护工程的实施背景、具体措施与阶段进展，强调了方言作为地方文化载体的重要性。 【41题详解】 第一段提到“While many Chinese people speak putonghua, some local dialects are in danger of disappearing. To save them, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project a few years ago.”，答案为原文直接信息。 【42题详解】 第二段指出“There’s an online library. In it people can learn dialects from over 5.6 million audio clips and over 5 million videos.” ，这是原文中的具体信息，直接提取即可。 【43题详解】 第四段提到“Scholar Zhang Hongming talked about his worries about the disappearance of dialects.” ，这是原文直接表述的内容。 【44题详解】 第五段中指出“More than 350 universities and research groups joined in, along with thousands of experts and dialect speakers.”，答案是对原文信息的直接提取。 【45题详解】 最后一段提到“The project is now entering into its second part. It includes creating digital tools like apps and mobile dictionaries to help people learn dialects.” ，答案是原文直接信息。 第二节 写作 （满分20分） 46. 你家所在的社区怎么样？你对其哪些方面是满意的？哪些方面是不满意的，你希望其如何改进？请以“My lovely but imperfect community”为题，写一篇短文，向英语报纸Teens的“Praise & Roast（点赞与吐槽）”栏目投稿，内容需包含以下要点： 内容要点： （1）介绍你所在的社区的自然环境、居住环境、公共设施以及邻里人际关系； （2）指出你对自己所在的社区有哪些不满意的地方？并提出相对应的改进建议； （3）谈谈你理想中完美社区的模样，以及你愿意为社区改进做些什么。 写作要求： （1）涵盖所有内容要点，并适当拓展，以使语言通顺，行文连贯； （2）文中不能出现真实的社区、校名和姓名等信息； （3）字数在100词左右。 My lovely but imperfect community ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文： My lovely but imperfect community My community lies near a small park with many trees and flowers. The houses are clean, and we have a playground, a library, and a small supermarket. Neighbors are kind and often share homegrown vegetables. However, I am unhappy about three things. First, there is no swimming pool. Second, the roads are too narrow, causing traffic jams. Third, rubbish bins often overflow. I suggest building wider roads, adding more bins, and opening a pool nearby. My ideal community is quiet, green, and safe for children. I will volunteer to sort rubbish and plant more flowers to make it lovely. 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：应用文，用一般现在时为主 明确要点：社区环境（自然、居住、设施、邻里）、不满意之处及改进建议、理想社区及个人行动 确定人称：第一人称（I/my/we） 注意事项：不得透露真实社区、校名和姓名等信息，字数100词左右 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：总起句，概括社区整体印象（lovely but imperfect） 主体段：第一部分介绍社区优点（自然环境、居住环境、公共设施、邻里关系）；第二部分指出不满意之处并提出改进建议 结尾段：描述理想社区模样，表达个人愿意做出的贡献 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：社区环境介绍 自然环境：lies near a small park with many trees and flowers/is surrounded by green hills and a clean river/has fresh air and beautiful views等 居住环境：The houses are clean/The streets are tidy and quiet/The living environment is comfortable等 公共设施：we have a playground, a library, and a small supermarket/there is a sports center/a community hospital/a bus station等 邻里关系：Neighbors are kind and often share homegrown vegetables/People are friendly and helpful/We often help each other等 要点二：不满意之处及改进建议 不满表达：I am unhappy about three things/However, there are some problems/I am not satisfied with...等 不满内容：there is no swimming pool/the roads are too narrow, causing traffic jams/rubbish bins often overflow 改进建议：I suggest building wider roads, adding more bins, and opening a pool nearby/We should build more parking lots/The community needs more green spaces等 要点三：理想社区及个人行动 理想描述：My ideal community is quiet, green, and safe for children/I hope my community will be more beautiful and convenient/A perfect community should have...等 个人行动：I will volunteer to sort rubbish and plant more flowers to make it lovely/I am willing to join the community cleaning activities/I will try my best to make our community better等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $