Unit 7 Charities（Lead-in～Reading）课文理解与灵活运用2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级下册

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过表格梳理和知识框架系统构建了U7 Charities单元的知识体系，将新单词、重点短语、课文脉络按“基础积累-课文理解-灵活运用”递进组织，用对比表格呈现大数词、百分数等语法点，清晰标注表格填空和课文理解等重难点分布。 讲义亮点在于“课文改编表格填空”和书信补全的练习设计，如通过Global eye problem表格梳理Orbis行动逻辑，培养思维品质，结合cure、afford等词法详解提升语言能力。分层练习满足不同学生需求，答案解析支持自主复习，助力教师实施精准教学。

课 题 8B U7 Charities（Lead-in~Reading）课文理解与灵活运用 教学目标 1. 掌握本单元全部单词的读音、中文含义与基础用法； 2. 熟记 Lead in 至 Reading 板块重点短语、常用句型； 3. 透彻讲解课文知识点，梳理文章内容脉络； 4. 借助课文改编表格填空题型，巩固课内知识。 重难点透视 1. 运用知识准确填空与填表；2. 透彻理解课文内容 知识点剖析 序号 知识点 预估时间 掌握情况 1 U7新单词认读及拓展，短语学习 65min 2 Lead-in~Reading课文改编题型讲解； 55 min 教 学 内 容 ( 8 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 新单词 1. found /faʊnd/vt. 创建；建立 2. medical /ˈmedɪkl/adj. 医疗的 3. *organization /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn/n. 4. *lip /lɪp/n. 嘴唇 5. interviewer /ˈɪntəvjuːə(r)/n. 采访者 6. *billion /ˈbɪljən/n. 十亿 7. *cure /kjʊə(r)/vt. 治好（疾病）；治愈 8. *treatment /ˈtriːtmənt/n. 治疗 9. aim /eɪm/n. 目的，目标 10. patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/n. 病人 11. afford /əˈfɔːd/vt. 能做，买得起 12. go to hospital 去医院看病 13. on board 在飞机上（或船上、火车上） 14. train /treɪn/vt. & vi. 培训，训练 15. benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/vi. 得益于，得利于；vt. 使受益 16. eye care n. 眼睛保健 17. operate /ˈɒpəreɪt/vi. 动手术 18. operate on (给…) 做手术 19. treat /triːt/vt. 医治；以… 方式对待 20. carry on with 继续做 21. interview /ˈɪntəvjuː/n. 采访，访谈；面试 22. *grateful /ˈɡreɪtfl/adj. 感激的 23. darkness /ˈdɑːknəs/n. 黑暗 24. blind /blaɪnd/vt. 使失明 25. addition /əˈdɪʃn/n. 增加；增加物 26. in addition (to) 除… 以外（还） 27. directly /dəˈrektli; daɪˈrektli/adv. 直接 28. *leaflet /ˈliːflət/n. 传单，小册子 29. hand out 分发 30. aim /eɪm/vt. & vi. 力争做到；瞄准 31. benefit /ˈbenɪfɪt/n. 优势，益处，成效 32. champion /ˈtʃæmpiən/n. 捍卫/声援/拥护者；冠军 33. right /raɪt/n. 权利 34. healthcare /ˈhelθkeə(r)/n. 医疗（服务） 35. *besides /bɪˈsaɪdz/adv. 而且，此外 36. progress /ˈprəʊɡres/n. 进步，进展 37. spread /spred/n. 传播，散布，扩展，蔓延 38. virus /ˈvaɪrəs/n. 病毒 39. war /wɔː(r)/n. 战争；斗争 40. miss out (on) 错失（机会） 41. *influential /ˌɪnfluˈenʃl/adj. 有影响力的 重点短语（Lead-in~Reading） 1. 2. Help and support can move mountains. 众志成城，可移山海 3. an interview with...一篇对…的采访 4. Save the Children（救助儿童会） 5. WWF（世界自然基金会） 6. Doctors Without Borders（无国界医生组织） 7. Orbis（奥比斯，国际奥比斯防盲救盲组织） 8. for example：例如；比如 9. hear about / hear of：听说；得知 10. be founded in：成立于……（后接年份 / 地点） 11. medical volunteers：医疗志愿者 12. be born with：生来就有… 13. It is difficult for sb to do sth 对某人而言，做某事很困难 14. medical care：医疗护理；医疗服务 15. thanks to：多亏；由于 16. be given a new life：获得新生；重获新生 17. provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物 18. medical treatment 医学治疗 19. suffer from 患…病，遭受 20. with the aim of 目的是…，旨在… 21. do operations 做手术 22. go to hospital 去医院看病 23. on board 在飞机上（或船上、火车上） 24. benefit from 从… 中受益；得益于… 25. more than 超过，多于 26. eye care 眼睛保健 27. operate on（给…）做手术 28. carry on (with) 继续做 Reading课文---An interview with an Orbis doctor Tip:采访他人时，我们需要提前做好充分准备，了解相关话题的背景知识。记得一次只问一个问题，并且给被采访者留出思考和回答的时间。 Interviewer: Dr Ma, please tell us something about eye problems. Dr Ma: OK. Over one billion people around the world are suffering from different kinds of eye problems, and about 90 per cent of these cases can be prevented or cured. However, many people don’t have money for medical treatment. Interviewer: How does the charity Orbis help? Dr Ma: Orbis’s Flying Eye Hospital Project was started in 1982 with the aim of helping patients in poor areas. On the plane, volunteer doctors do operations. Interviewer: Ah, I see. But why did Orbis choose to use a plane as a hospital? Dr Ma: Many of our patients can’t afford to go to hospital, so we have to go to them. Our plane is also used as a training centre. Interviewer: Can you tell us more? Dr Ma: Local doctors and nurses are invited on board to learn about eye operations. We can teach them new skills. By training them, we hope more people will benefit from this. Last year more than 38,000 eye care training classes were held. Interviewer: How many operations do you do during a visit? Dr Ma: During my last visit, 150 patients were operated on. Interviewer: You’re doing a really important job! Dr Ma: Thank you. We’re proud to help people see again. Interviewer: Is there anything else you’d like to say to our readers? Dr Ma: Yes. Modern medicine is developing quickly and now most eye problems and diseases can be treated and cured. But we need more money to carry on with our work. We hope more people will support us. Interviewer: I’m sure this interview will help more people understand and support your important work. Thank you very much for your time, Dr Ma. Global eye problem 1 Over one billion people around the world have eye problems. About 90% of the cases can be prevented or cured, but many poor patients cannot get treated 2 lack of money. Orbis’s actions and training work · Orbis started 3 Flying Eye Hospital Project in 1982 to help patients living in poor areas. · Volunteer doctors carry out eye operations on the plane, which acts as 4 a hospital and a training centre. · It offers medical help to patients who cannot pay for hospital treatment and trains local medical workers to help more people. The doctor’s experience Dr Ma said he operated on 150 patients during one visit, and he took 5 in helping people see again. Call for 6 7 modern medicine can cure most eye diseases, the project needs more funds to 8 running. People are expected to understand and support Orbis. 【重点详解】 · 大数词用法（hundred /thousand/million /billion） 模糊数字两有（有 s 有 of）；具体数字两无（无 s 无 of）。 1　 与基数词连用时，表示确切数目，词尾不加 -s，也不与 of 连用。 2　 构成 “hundreds /thousands/millions /billions of” 时，表示概数，词尾加 -s，前面不能再加基数词。 3　 “整体中的一部分” ：基数词 + hundred + of + the + 名词复数 · 百分数用法 1　 结构：基数词 + per cent of “百分之…的…”。 2　 主谓一致规则： 名词为复数 → 谓语动词用复数形式。 名词为不可数名词或可数名词单数 → 谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 · cure 的用法: vt.治好（疾病）；治愈 → cure sb of sth 治好某人的…病 n.治疗；疗法；疗程；药物 → a cure for … 一个...的疗法 · patient 的用法: 【c】n. 病人 adj.能忍耐的，有耐心的 → be patient with sb 对某人有耐心 · afford 的用法: vt.买得起；负担得起；能做 → afford to do sth 负担得起做某事 注意否定形式为：can't afford 买不起、负担不起 · go to hospital / go to the hospital · go to hospital：去医院看病（侧重就医目的，不特指某一家医院） · go to the hospital：去某一家医院（不一定是看病，比如探望病人） · train 的用法： vt.培训，训练 → train sb to do sth 训练某人做某事 vi.培训，训练 【c】n. 火车 → training【u】n.训练，培训 · benefit 的用法: vi.得益于，得利于 → benefit from/by sth 从… 中受益 vt.使受益 → benefit sb/sth 使……受益 n.优势，益处，成效 → the benefit of sth …的益处 / 优势 for the benefit of sb 为了某人的利益 be of benefit to sb/sth 对某人 / 某物有益 · how many 与 how much 的辨析 疑问词 用法 how many 后接可数名词复数，提问可数名词的数量 how much 1. 后接不可数名词，提问不可数名词的量；2. 对物品的价格提问 · operate ①　vi.动手术 → operate on (给…) 做手术 ②　vt.操作；(使) 运转 ③　n. 操作；手术 →operation ------do operations 做手术 · treat ①　vt. 医治；治疗 → treat sb for sth（因某种病症治疗某人）；treat sb with sth（用某种药物或疗法治疗某人） ②　vt. 以… 方式对待 → treat sb/sth as/like…（把某人 / 某物当作…） ③　vt. 招待；请 (客) → treat sb to sth（用某物招待某人；以某物款待某人） ④　n. 款待；招待 · before ①　prep. 在…… 之前（表示时间，后接名词 / 动名词；对应词 after） ②　conj. 在…… 之前（引导时间状语从句；主将从现：主句将来时，从句一般现在时） · darkness 【u】n. 黑暗 → in darkness（在黑暗中）；fall into darkness（陷入黑暗） 拓展：kind → kindness（仁慈）;good → goodness（善良）;happy → happiness（幸福） sad → sadness（悲伤）;ill → illness（疾病） 【随堂练习】 Dear Dr Ma, I am writing to express my deep thanks to you and everyone at Orbis. Last year, my eye problem was (1) c_______, and this has brought light and colour to my life. For this, I am forever grateful. Before the (2) o_______, I lived in darkness. I couldn’t (3)a _______ to go to hospital, and I was losing hope. Thanks to Orbis, I was able to receive the (4) m_______treatment. Now, so many things in my life have improved. I can see the world around me clearly, and I have a better future. I can follow my dream of becoming a doctor. My (5) a_______ is to work with a charity like Orbis. Many (6)d _______ like the problem with my eyes, can be treated easily now, but a lot of people have to turn to charities for help because they don’t have enough money. Thank you once again for changing my life! I hope you will (7)c _______ on helping people for many years to come. Best wishes Lola, an Orbis (8) p_______ 【短语梳理】 1.I am writing to... 我写信是为了… 2.express my deep thanks = express my thanks deeply 表达我深深的感谢 3.bring light and colour to one's life 4.for this, I am forever grateful 5.lose hope 给某人的生活带来光明与色彩 为此，我永远心怀感激 失去希望 6.follow one's dream 追寻某人的梦想 7.turn to 向…求助，求助于 8.once again 再一次，又一次 9.hope to do sth 希望做某事 + that 从句（从句中的动词用 will / 情态动词 + V原） 希望… 基础练习 一、根据首字母或汉语提示完成单词 1. Many ______ (医学的) teams from different places have been sent to Hong Kong to help people. 2. He plans to ______ (建立) a charity to help homeless animals. 3. This ______ (组织) provides food and shelter for the homeless. 4. His ______ (嘴唇) curved in a smile when he saw the surprise. 5. This is one of the most important medical ______ (病例) the doctor has ever dealt with. 6. Her main ______ (目标) in life is to help children in poor areas get an education. 7. The doctor gave me some medicine to ______ (治疗) my cough. 8. I’m so ______ (感激的) for all the help you’ve given me during this difficult time. 9. With the development of medical technology, p______ will get better and more convenient treatment. 10. He is a warm-hearted boy. He is always t______ others with warmth and kindness. 11. After the price war, many families can mainly a______ electric cars. 12. He ______ (训练) as a teacher before becoming an actor. 13. In the dark night, ______ (十亿) of stars and the moon light the sky. 二、从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空，其中有一个单词或短语是多余的 ( found, thanks to, hear of, medicine, be born with, the importance of ) 1. She ______ a natural talent for music. 2. Parents should teach their children ______ honesty from an early age. 3. Orbis ______ in 1982 to provide eye care services for people in developing countries. 4. Many ______ volunteers are from a local charity organization. 5. I’ve never ______ such a strange custom before. ( eye care, train, interview, on board, go to hospital, benefit ) 6. Students can ______ greatly from reading widely. 7. She makes ______ a daily habit—she always wears sunglasses outdoors. 8. Are you ready? The ______ are already outside. 9. You’d better buy some magazines before your flight. You know you will spend 24 hours ______. 10. Dogs can ______ to obey orders. They’re our good friends. 三、单项选择 1. The doctor told the patient that the ______ would take about two hours and that there was little risk. A. operation B. competition C. communication D. condition 2. Harbin Ice and Snow World is a symbol of winter tourism. It attracts ______ travelers every year. A. million of B. two millions C. millions of D. two millions of 3. Which international organization is primarily dedicated to protecting endangered species and their natural habitats? A. Save the Children B. WWF C. Doctors Without Borders D. Orbis 4. We can have ______ interview with Ms Li, because she knows how to choose ______ right colours to wear. A. a; the B. an; / C. an; the D. a; / 5. The watch looks very nice, but I can’t ______ it. Do you have a cheaper one? A. pay B. spend C. afford D. cost 6. More than ______ people in the world don’t have enough water to drink. A. billions of B. two billions C. two billions of D. two billion 7. — Was the doctor successful in saving the patient? — Yes. He ______ on the morning of June 2, and now he is out of danger. A. was operated B. was operated on C. operated on D. operated 8. If he has enough time, he will ______ his research. A. get along with B. carry on with C. fall in love with D. put up with 9. The doctor has handled many difficult medical ______ during his career. A. cases B. matters C. affairs D. business 10. More money is needed for the project so that the volunteers can ______ with the work. A. turn on B. carry on C. depend on D. put on 11. — Mum, may I watch TV for a while? — As soon as your homework ______, you can. A. finishes B. will be finished C. will finish D. is finished 12. For the present, I can’t afford ______ a car. So I need to work hard. A. to buy B. buy C. buying D. for buying 四、根据首字母提示补全短文 About 285 million people around the world are blind or have other eye problems, 1. m______ in poor areas, and about 80 per cent of these cases can be prevented or cured. However, many people don’t have money for 2. m______ treatment. Orbis uses 3. i______ Flying Eye Hospital to visit poor areas. Most of the people there can’t afford to 4. g______ to hospital, so Orbis goes to them. Volunteer doctors on the plane do operations to help people with eye problems to 5. s______ again. The patients do not have to pay because Orbis is a charity. The plane is also used as a training center. Local doctors and nurses are 6. i______ on board to learn new skills. By training them, Orbis doctors hope to help 7. m______ people. Dr. Ma is a doctor working on the Orbis plane. He feels 8. p______ to help people see again. Dr. Ma thinks modern medicine is developing 9. q______ and that most eye problems can be treated and cured. But more money is 10. n______ to support their work. 五、根据汉语意思完成句子 1． 这些病例中约 90% 是可以预防或治愈的。 About 90 per cent of these cases can______ . 2． 这场慈善活动的目的是为贫困山区的儿童筹款。 ______ the charity event is money for children in poor mountain areas. 3． 这些医生不得不选择将飞机用作医院。 These doctors have to choose to ______ ______ . 4． 需要更多的钱来继续开展我们的工作。 More money is needed ______ our work. 5． 她在自己的博客中分享了与那位著名作家访谈时的有趣故事。 She shared interesting stories from her ______ the famous writer in her blog. 6． 这家医院为有基本医疗需求的无家可归者提供免费的治疗服务。 The hospital ______ to homeless people with basic medical needs. 7． 父母应该从小就关注孩子的眼部护理。 Parents should pay attention to their from an early age. 8． 在医院计划为她做眼部手术之前，她很紧张。（operate on） She was nervous before the hospital planned to 6、 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空 1. Modern medicine is developing so quickly that most eye problems can ______ (cure). 2. The ______ (interview) asked me a lot of questions, and I hoped I could get the job. 3. We walked through the ______ (dark) with only a flashlight. 4. The sick in poor areas in my country don’t have to pay for medical ______ (treat). 5. He is proud ______ (help) the elderly in his community every weekend. 7、 任务型阅读 Poetry is a creative way to express your ideas and views in words. Many writers enjoy poetry because there are no real rules of writing a poem. Even so, there are some useful guidelines that can help you write poetry. Here’s how to get started. Keep reading The best way to become a better poet is to be a reader first. Reading poets’ works can help you find out what kind of poetry you might like to write. Ask a teacher for advice, or visit your local library and ask a librarian to guide you to the poetry section. Pick a subject When thinking about what to write, you can start by looking for people and things around you. Spending some time thinking about what you love is also useful. Moreover, you can draw inspiration from ideas and subjects that make a difference to you, such as saving animals or protecting the planet. Consider types of poetry Common styles are rhyming and free verse. With rhyming, you can make the first line rhyme with the second, the third line rhyme with the fourth, and so on. With free verse, you can rhyme or not rhyme at all. Start writing Keep writing down touching things on a small notebook, from colours to smells to sounds. From there, you can start writing your poem. Once you have a draft ready, you can put it away for a day. Then read your poem again and make it better until you’re happy with it. Share it with someone After you finish your poem, read it to a family member, a teacher, or even your pet. Reading a poem out loud can bring it to life. Follow the guidelines, and you will become a poet-to-be! Introduction Poetry has no real rules,1. useful guidelines can help with your writing. 2. on writing your own poetry Keep reading ●The first 3. to be a poet is to be a reader. ●To learn what to read,you can ask teachers or 4. for books on poetry. Pick a subject ●The subject 5. on what is around you,what you love, and what is important to you. Consider types of poetry ●Knowing the differences 6 . rhyming and free verse is also helpful. Start writing ●You can collect touching things,start writing,and 7. the poem. Share it with someone ●Reading your poem out loud to someone can make it 8. 9.Who is your favourite poet? 10.Why do you like him/her? 答案： (1) 1-8:situation for its both pride support Though/Although keep (2) cured (2) operation (3) afford (4) medical (5) aim (6) diseases (7) carry (8) patient 答案： 一：1.medical 2. found 3. organization 4. lips 5. cases 6. aim 7. treat 8. grateful 9. patients 10. treating 11. afford 12. trained 13. billions 二：1.was born with 2. the importance of 3. was founded 4. medical 5. heard of 6. benefit 7. eye care 8. interviewers 9. on board 10. be trained 三：1-5：ACBCC 6-10：DBBAB 11-12：DA 四：1. mostly 2. medical 3. its 4. go 5. see 6. invited 7. more 8. proud 9. quickly 10. needed 五：1. be prevented or cured ;2. The aim of; to raise ;3. use a plane as a hospital 4.to carry on with 5.interview with 6. offers free services ; treat 7. children's eye care 8.operate on her eyes. 六：1. be cured 2. interviewer 3. darkness 4. treatment 5. to help 七;1.but 2. Guidelines 3. step 4. librarians 5. depends 6. between 7. revise/improve 8. alive 9. Li Bai.（言之有理即可） 10. Because he was talented.（言之有理即可） $