北京市顺义牛栏山第一中学2025-2026学年高二4月月考英语试题

**基本信息** 2026北京牛栏山一中高二4月月考英语试卷，以真实生活与时代热点为情境，通过完形填空（青少年助人）、语法填空（Scotch tape发明等）、阅读理解（AI影响、环保行动等）及书面表达（可持续旅行、申请信），考查语言能力与思维品质，兼具实用性与思想性。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |完形填空|10题/15分|动词、名词等词义辨析|以记叙文呈现陌生人互助场景，渗透社会责任感，考查语境中语言运用| |语法填空|10题/15分|介词、时态、非谓语等|结合科技（Scotch tape）、生活（急救）场景，考查语法在真实语境中的应用| |阅读理解|19题/38分|细节理解、推理判断、篇章结构|素材涵盖AI伦理、环保行动等时代话题，通过议论文、应用文等文体培养批判思维| |书面表达|6题/32分|信息提取、应用文写作|以可持续旅行问答和图书馆助理申请信为任务，考查语言表达与实际沟通能力，体现学以致用|

2026北京牛栏山一中高二4月月考 英 语 2026 / 4 （考试时间90分钟，共100分） 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。 I stepped out of the store, juggling a few shopping bags in my hands, looking forward to the drive home. As I reached my car, a wave of panic washed over me. I had ___1___ my keys and mobile phone inside the vehicle. In a moment of annoyance, I gave the tire a hard kick. A teenager on a bike happened to pass by at that very moment. He stopped, and his eyes filled with ___2___. “What’s wrong?” he asked. I sighed deeply and explained my rather ___3___ situation. “But even if I could call my wife,” I added, my tone ___4___, “she can’t bring me the spare car key, since she’s taking care of our children at home.” Without hesitation, he ___5___ me his mobile phone. “Call your wife and tell her I’m coming to get the spare key,” he said. I looked at him in ___6___. “That’s an 11-kilometre round trip!” I protested. But he was determined and said, “Don’t worry about it.” An hour seemed to ___7___ as I waited anxiously. But true to his word, he ___8___ with the key in hand. I was overjoyed and immediately reached for my wallet to offer him some money as a gesture of my ___9___. However, he firmly refused. “Let’s just say I needed the exercise,” he said with a smile. Then, with a casual wave, he got back on his bike and rode off. In a world that often seems focused on self-interest, his kindness was a shining example of the goodness that still exists. A simple act of ____10____ can have a profound impact on someone’s day. 1. A. placed B. hidden C. stored D. locked 2. A. hope B. sadness C. concern D. anxiety 3. A. unfortunate B. dangerous C. adventurous D. promising 4. A. relaxed B. exhausted C. excited D. defeated 5. A. left B. handed C. sent D. sold 6. A. disbelief B. anger C. regret D. fear 7. A. jump ahead B. fly by C. drag on D. come around 8. A. returned B. hesitated C. disappeared D. settled 9. A. kindness B. satisfaction C. admiration D. gratitude 10. A. devotion B. generosity C. courage D. sharing 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Invented ____11____ early twentieth-century America by Richard Drew, Scotch tape can be used to fix almost anything. However, there is more to this fix-it-all than just that. Sticky yet ____12____(easy) removed, Scotch tape was designed for use in painting cars—to mask off areas that should not be painted. The tape soon found other uses. During the 1930s, people didn’t have much money, so they couldn’t throw away damaged things; they had to repair them. Drew’s painting tape became a popular, money-saving fix for everything from torn clothing to broken eggs. Since then, people ____13____ (find) all sorts of creative ways to use the sticky tape. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Learner’s dictionaries, all in English, are specially designed to help students. ____14____ confuses students is how they can be easy to use. Well, the definitions are simpler than the words they describe—they use high-frequency words. Students can also get grammatical and usage guidance, opposites, other expressions ____15____ (use) the word and lots of examples. So you can see that the dictionary helps to increase your word power, and improve not only your reading and listening, but also your writing and speaking. There may also be a wide range of ____16____ (picture) to help you understand. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Emma was on her way home when she heard a sudden scream. Looking around, she saw a little boy on the sidewalk gasping(急喘) for air, his ___17___(frighten) mother begging for help. Emma rushed to the boy, ___18___ face had turned purple. “What’s wrong?” “A candy! In his throat!” It was lucky that Emma had learned how ___19___(perform) the Heimlich maneuver(海姆利克急救法) at school. She acted quickly. Soon, the boy coughed up a piece of candy and began breathing again. He ___20___(save) in time. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Garden enthusiasts, get ready for an exciting year ahead! The US Garden Shows 2025 will highlight breathtaking flower arrangements, innovative landscaping ideas, and the latest gardening trends. Choosing the Right Shows Pick shows that match your interests. The Northeast offers classic flower displays. Northwest exhibitions highlight native species. Southwest shows focus on desert plants. Check show dates carefully. Some run for just a day or weekend, while others last a week or more. Think about what you want to see most. Ticketing and Entrance Fees Buy tickets early as the shows offer discounts for advance purchases. Some shows have multi-day passes if you want to visit more than once. Prices vary by show and location. VIP or preview night tickets often cost more but give you early access. Some shows include free workshops with admission. Travel Tips If you’re flying, compare prices at different airports. Some cities have multiple options. Rental cars give you freedom to explore, but parking can be tricky at show venues. Volunteering Opportunities Helping out at garden shows is a fun way to meet people and learn new skills. Many events need volunteers to greet guests, answer questions, or help with setting up the exhibitions. Check show websites or social media to find out how to sign up. Volunteering often comes with free entry and behind-the-scenes access. It’s a great way to network while you’re supporting the gardening community. 21. What might be a benefit of buying tickets early? A Reduced prices. B. Multi-day admission. C. Flexible show dates. D. Guaranteed free workshops. 22. Being a volunteer of the events, you can ________. A. run a social media account B. enjoy free Internet service C approve exhibit layouts D. develop your social ties 23 What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text? A To attract exhibition volunteers. B. To sell flowers and plants. C. To share information on garden events. D. To offer practical tips for travelers. B Working at a commercial bank in New York City in the mid-2010s, Anna Sacks sensed a lack of meaning in her life. She wanted to do something more fulfilling. Some people seeking meaning might read a self-help book, or perhaps volunteer a few hours a week. Sacks packed up her life and moved to Connecticut for three months to participate in Adamah, a farming program that focuses on sustainable living and growing sustainable food. Returning to New York, Sacks carried with her a newfound purpose and a set of skills to turn her dreams into reality. “One of the things that really stuck with me from Adamah was how little waste they produced and how they handled the waste they did have, mostly through composting,” she says. “And I just thought, ‘Why aren’t we doing that here? What is actually in all those bags and recycling bins at the roadsides?’” The Adamah program opened Sacks’s eyes to the damage consumer culture is doing and the need to find solutions. So in 2016, she started working with a food rescue program, and in 2017, she found her true calling—what she calls “trash walking”. During walks around her neighborhood, Sacks, 31, picked through trash to look for reusable items. Soon her trash walks expanded to include recycling bins in big companies. Surprisingly, she discovered really great stuff—like clothing and food—all of which she documents on Instagram and TikTok. Under the name The Trash Walker, Sacks quickly gained popularity for her educational, funny, and surprising videos that highlight the problems with consumerism and share information about how to live a more sustainable lifestyle. “The root issue is overproduction, which leads to over-consumption, which leads to a large amount of waste,” she says. Sacks is one of the most influential climate change activists on social media today. The lesson from her trash walking isn’t just that we need to produce less stuff. It’s that we need to stop throwing perfectly good items in the trash too. 24. What motivated Anna Sacks to get involved in Adamah? A. A self-help book she read. B. Her job at a commercial bank. C. Her desire for a meaningful life. D. The volunteer experience she had. 25. What did Anna Sacks find impressive about Adamah? A. Fast-growing food output. B. Sustainable living practices. C. Advanced farming techniques. D. Various waste management methods. 26. Why did Anna Sacks start her “trash walking” initiative? A. To improve her living conditions. B. To gain popularity on social media. C. To advertise her food rescue program. D. To handle the damage by consumer culture. 27. What does the author advocate to reduce waste? A. Raising prices on products. B. Collecting second-hand items. C. Producing high-quality goods. D. Making full use of products. C Scientific papers are the recordkeepers of progress in research. Each year researchers publish millions of papers in more than 30,000 journals. The scientific community measures the quality of those papers in a number of ways, including the perceived quality of the journal (as reflected by the title’s impact factor) and the number of citations a specific paper accumulates. The careers of scientists and the reputation of their institutions depend on the number and prestige of the papers they produce, but even more so on the citations attracted by these papers. Citation cartels（引用串通）, where journals, authors, and institutions conspire (密谋) to inflate citation numbers, have existed for a long time. In 2016, researchers developed an algorithm to recognize suspicious citation patterns, including groups of authors that disproportionately cite one another and groups of journals that cite each other frequently to increase the impact factors of their publications. Recently, another expression of this predatory (掠夺性的) behavior has emerged: so-called support service consultancies that provide language and other editorial support to individual authors and to journals sometimes advise contributors to add a number of citations to their articles. The appearance of electronic publishing and authors’ need to find outlets for their papers resulted in thousands of new journals. The birth of predatory journals wasn’t far behind. These journals can act as milk cows where every single article in an issue may cite a specific paper or a series of papers. In some instances, there is absolutely no relationship between the content of the article and the citations. The peculiar part is that the journal that the editor is supposedly working for is not profiting at all — it is just providing citations to other journals. Such practices can lead an article to accumulate more than 150 citations in the same year that it was published. How insidious (不易觉察的) is this type of citation manipulation? In one example, an individual — acting as author, editor, and consultant — was able to use at least 15 journals as citation providers to articles published by five scientists at three universities. The problem is rampant in Scopus, a citation database, which includes a high number of the new “international” journals. In fact, a listing in Scopus seems to be a criterion to be targeted in this type of citation manipulation. Scopus itself has all the data necessary to detect this misconduct. Red flags include a large number of citations to an article within the first year. And for authors who wish to distance themselves from citation cartel activities: when an editor, a reviewer, or a support service asks you to add inappropriate references, do not oblige and do report the request to the journal. 28. According to Paragraph 1, the careers of scientists can be determined by ________. A. how many citations their works contain B. how many times their papers are cited C. the prestige of the people they work with D. the status they have in scientific circles 29. The metaphor of “milk cow” in Paragraph 3 is used to ________. A. make a comparison B. illustrate a situation C. propose a solution D. highlight a problem 30. What does the underlined word “rampant” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Urgent. B. Complex. C. Occasional. D. Severe. D Technology is never a neutral tool for achieving human ends. Technological innovations reshape people as they use these innovations to control their environment. Artificial intelligence, for example, is altering humanity. While the term AI conjures up anxieties about killer robots or catastrophic levels of unemployment, there are other, deeper implications. As AI increasingly shapes the human experience, how does this change what it means to be human? Central to the problem is a person’s capacity to make choices, particularly judgments that have moral implications. Aristotle argued that the capacity for making practical judgments depends on regularly making them — on habit and practice. We see the emergence of machines as substitute judges in a variety of everyday contexts as a potential threat to people learning how to effectively exercise judgment themselves. In the workplace, managers routinely make decisions about who to hire or fire and which loan to approve, to name a few. These are areas where algorithmic prescription is replacing human judgment, and so people who might have had the chance to develop practical judgment in these areas no longer will. Recommendation engines, which are increasingly prevalent intermediaries (中间人) in people's consumption of culture, may serve to constrain choice and minimize luck. By presenting consumers with algorithmically selected choices of what to watch, read, stream and visit next, companies are replacing human taste with machine taste. In one sense, this is helpful. After all, machines can survey a wider range of choices than any individual is likely to have the time or energy to do on their own. At the same time, though, this selection is optimizing for what people are likely to prefer based on what they’ve preferred in the past. We think there is some risk that people's options will be constrained by their past in a new and unanticipated way. As machine learning algorithms improve and as they train on more extensive data sets, larger parts of everyday life are likely to become utterly predictable. The predictions are going to get better and better, and they will ultimately make common experiences more efficient and pleasant. Algorithms could soon — if they don’t already — have a better idea about which show you’d like to watch next and which job candidate you should hire than you do. One day, humans may even find a way for machines to make these decisions without some of the biases that humans typically display. But to the extent that unpredictability is part of how people understand themselves and part of what people like about themselves, humanity is in the process of losing something significant. As they become more and more predictable, the creatures inhabiting the increasingly AI-mediated world will become less and less like us. 31. What do we learn about the deeper implications of AI? A. It enables people to use innovations to control the environment. B. It increases people’s access to information and entertainment. C. It changes how humans make choices and understand themselves. D. It mainly causes catastrophic levels of unemployment. 32. What may result from increasing application of recommendation engines? A. Consumers will have much limited choice. B. Consumers will actually enjoy better luck. C. It will be easier to decide on what to enjoy. D. Humans will develop tastes similar to machines. 33. What is the author’s attitude toward the growing predictability brought by AI? A. Unconcerned. B. Cautious. C. Supportive. D. Skeptical. 34. Which could be the best title for the passage? A. Technology Shapes Humanity. B. The Age of Algorithmic Living. C. Smarter Machines, Better Decisions. D. When Prediction Replaces Judgment. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。请在答题纸指定区域作答。 In the debate about which is better, the printed book or the digital book, it seems that the hard-copy book is harder to knock out than thought. Here is why. I love the way we now judge printed books using the language of the digital world. E-books may come with a “suite of navigational (导航) tools”. ____35____ You can use them to flip the pages forward and backward. And they are just at the end of your arm. Fans of digital books may point out that e-readers have a handy “search” tool. Old-fashioned books also have a search function, in which you turn back to the opening chapter to remind yourself of the structure of a book. ____36____ Fans of the e-book point out that a digital text is easy to annotate (注解). Some devices even feature a little image of a pencil to guide the reader through the process. Traditional-book users have a similar system called “a pencil”. ____37____ Such annotated books can be left around for others to read carefully, convincing them of your intellectual ability. ____38____ Admittedly, e-books are lighter than printed ones, but one must question whether this is really an advantage. In secondary school, my physique was transformed by the daily need to carry science textbooks. For me and my fellow students, placing these weighty books in our backpacks drew our shoulders back and our chests forward in a way to shape our body posture. Besides, a large, well-stocked bookshelf is more meaningful than a digital device. ____39____ There are books that introduced you to other books, like friends at a party, and books that nursed you through difficult times. A. It’s a map of your life as a reader. B. Carrying printed books is a workout in itself. C. You can search by turning pages and looking at the chapters. D. Actually, a printed book can’t offer all the features of an e-book. E. But the best navigational devices actually are your forefinger and thumb. F. They even have “a directing system”, which uses a device called a bookmark. G. With it, favored passages can be underlined and personal comments can be written in the margin. 第三部分：书面表达(共二节，32分) 第一节(共4小题：第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分：共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Sustainable travel is about travelling in a way that’s sensitive to the climate and nature emergencies while ensuring that the wellbeing of the places we visit gain long-term benefit from our travelling there. Being a sustainable traveller is not about making grand, one-off gestures. It’s about having a state of mind, an ongoing attitude to conscious adventure that influences all aspects of how we holiday. To begin with, consider packing less: travelling lighter can reduce the chances of having to dispose of items and it’s more fuel efficient. It also makes it much easier to travel around. A useful device for packing economically is to consider the three Rs: reduce, reuse and recycle. Transport accounts for at least 70% of a holiday’s carbon emissions. Therefore, the most effective way to reduce the carbon emissions of travelling is to reduce the travel distance and choose transportation that burns less, or ideally no fossil fuel. There’s a steep difference in terms of the amount of carbon dioxide emitted by aeroplanes compared with most land-based vehicles. There are concerted efforts to decarbonise air travel using alternative fuels and methods of propulsion, such as via electricity and hydrogen. There are other factors that will affect your carbon emissions when you’re at the destination, including your choice of hotel and the food you eat. For example, the average carbon footprint of a night in a typical hotel in the UK is about 31.1kg CO2, according to the Hotel Carbon Measurement Initiative, so choosing a hotel that has lower than average carbon emissions can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. In fact, many eco-certified accommodations do much more than reducing their carbon emissions. They also reduce the amount of waste they send to landfill and cut down on the use of chemicals and water. When it comes to food, feasting on local, seasonal food not only conveys a sense of place better than any travel brochure, but is also much better for the environment. 40. According to the passage, what is being a sustainable traveller about? _____________________________________________________________ 41. Why is packing less considered more eco-friendly? _____________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶Since accommodation is a source of emissions, staying at a typical hotel can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. _____________________________________________________________ 43. In addition to sustainable travel, how can you live a sustainable life? (In about 40 words) _____________________________________________________________ 第二节(20分) 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。学校图书馆计划招募学生兼职助理，协助开展图书整理、借阅引导等相关工作。你对此岗位很感兴趣，请给图书馆管理员写一封申请信。内容包括： 1. 你申请该兼职岗位的原因； 2. 你能胜任该岗位的理由。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：招募：recruit 学生兼职助理：student part-time assistant Dear Librarian, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely, Li Hua 参考答案 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，20分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题：每小题1分，共10分） 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者把钥匙和手机锁在车内陷入困境，青少年热心相助且拒收报酬，其慷慨善举令人动容 。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我走到我的车旁时，一阵恐慌涌上心头。我把钥匙和手机锁在车里了。A. placed放置；B. hidden隐藏；C. stored储存；D. locked锁。根据上文“As I reached my car, a wave of panic washed over me.” 以及常识可知，作者因为把钥匙和手机锁在车里拿不出来了所以感到恐慌，locked符合语境。且从后文作者不能打电话叫妻子送钥匙也能推断出是把钥匙锁在车里了。故选D项。 【2题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他停了下来，眼神中充满了关切。“怎么了？” 他问道。A. hope希望；B. sadness悲伤；C. concern关切；D. anxiety焦虑。根据下文“‘What’s wrong?’ he asked.”可知，这个青少年停下来询问作者怎么了，说明他对作者的情况表示关切，concern符合语境。故选C项。 【3题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我深深地叹了口气，解释了我相当不幸的处境。A. unfortunate不幸的；B. dangerous危险的；C. adventurous冒险的；D. promising有前途的。根据上文作者把钥匙和手机锁在车里，以及下文“‘But even if I could call my wife,’ I added, ‘she can’t bring me the spare car key, since she’s taking care of our children at home’”可知，作者处于一种很不走运的情况，unfortunate符合语境。故选A项。 【4题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“但即使我能给我妻子打电话，”我补充道，语气充满挫败感，“她也不能给我送备用车钥匙，因为她正在家里照顾我们的孩子。”A. relaxed放松的；B. exhausted疲惫的；C. excited兴奋的；D. defeated挫败的。根据下文“she can’t bring me the spare car key, since she’s taking care of our children at home”可知，作者既无法拿到车里的钥匙和手机，妻子也不能送备用钥匙，所以此时作者的语气应该是充满挫败感的，defeated符合语境。故选D项。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他毫不犹豫地把他的手机递给了我。A. left离开；B. handed递给；C. sent发送；D. sold卖。根据下文“‘Call your wife and tell her I’m coming to get the spare key,’ he said. ”以及语境可知，这个青少年让作者用他的手机给妻子打电话，所以是把手机递给了作者，handed符合语境。故选B项。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我难以置信地看着他。“那可是往返11公里的路程啊！” 我抗议道。A. disbelief不相信；B. anger生气；C. regret后悔；D. fear害怕。根据下文“‘That’s an 11-kilometre round trip!’ I protested. ”可知，作者对于这个青少年要去11公里远的地方取钥匙感到很惊讶，不敢相信，in disbelief 意为“难以置信地”，符合语境。故选A项。 【7题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我焦急地等待时，一个小时似乎过得很慢。A. jump ahead向前跳；B. fly by飞逝；C. drag on拖延，过得很慢；D. come around苏醒，顺便来访。根据下文“I waited anxiously”以及语境可知，作者在焦急地等待，所以会觉得时间过得很慢，drag on符合语境。故选C项。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他信守诺言，手里拿着钥匙回来了。A. returned返回；B. hesitated犹豫；C. disappeared消失；D. settled解决，定居。根据上文“he said, ‘Don’t worry about it.’” 以及“true to his word”可知，这个青少年说会去取钥匙，并且他信守了诺言，所以是拿着钥匙回来了，returned符合语境。故选A项。 【9题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我非常高兴，立刻伸手去拿钱包，想给他一些钱作为我感激的表示。A. kindness善良；B. satisfaction满意；C. admiration钦佩；D. gratitude感激。根据上文“he 　8　 with the key in hand”可知，这个青少年帮作者去取了钥匙，解决了作者的难题，所以作者想给他钱表达自己的感激之情，gratitude符合语境。故选D项。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个简单的慷慨之举可能会对某人的一天产生深远的影响。A. devotion奉献；B. generosity慷慨；C. courage勇气；D. sharing分享。根据上文“However, he firmly refused”以及语境可知，青少年毫不犹豫地帮助作者，还不要报酬，这是一种慷慨的行为，generosity符合语境。故选B项。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分,共10分） 【答案】11. in 12. easily 13. have found 【分析】本文是说明文，介绍了透明胶带的发明和运用史。 【11题详解】 考查介词。句意：在20世纪早期的美国，理查德·德鲁发明了透明胶带，它可以用来固定几乎任何东西。语法填空题中无提示词的情况下，通常填介词、冠词、连词和代词。结合句意可知介词in与early twentieth-century America构成地点状语，表示“在20世纪早期的美国”。故填in。 【12题详解】 考查形容词和副词的词性转换。 【13题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：从那时起，人们找到了各种有创意的使用胶带的方法。分析句子结构可知find在句中作谓语动词，同时句中有常与现在完成时态连用的Since时间状语，所以应使用现在完成时态，又因people作主语时谓语动词常用复数，所以应用have found。故填have found。 B 【答案】14. What 15. using 16. pictures 这是一篇说明文。所有的英语学习词典都是专门为帮助学生而设计的，文章对这些词典的使用方法进行了介绍。 【14题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：让学生们困惑的是如何使它们易于使用。主语从句“confuses students”中缺少主语，且是指事物，所以应用what。故填what。 【15题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：学生也可以得到语法和用法指导，反义词，其他表达使用的单词和大量的例子。动词use和逻辑主语other expressions构成主动关系，所以应用现在分词作后置定语。故填using。 【16题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：也可能有各种各样的图片来帮助你理解。a range of后应用可数名词复数。故填pictures。 C 【答案】17. frightened 18. whose 19. to perform 20. was saved 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Emma在回家路上，救助被糖果卡住喉咙的小男孩的故事。 【17题详解】 考查形容词。句意：环顾四周，她看到一个小男孩在人行道上喘着气，他惊恐的母亲请求帮助。空处需用形容词作定语，修饰名词 mother，因为修饰空后指人的名词mother，所以空处需用ed形容词frightened“惊恐的”。故填frightened。 【18题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：Emma奔向男孩，男孩的脸已经变紫了。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系代词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是boy，指人，关系词在定语从句中作定语，修饰名词face，表示所属关系，意为“……的”，所以空处需用关系代词whose引导非限制性定语从句。故填whose。 【19题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：幸运的是，Emma在学校学会了如何使用海姆利克急救法。分析句子结构可知，空处需用疑问词how接动词不定式作动词learned的宾语。故填to perform。 【20题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：他及时得救了。根据前一句谓语动词began 可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情，因为小男孩是被Emma救，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done，主语是第三人称单数he，所以空处be动词需用was。故填was saved。 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分） 【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2025年美国园艺展的相关信息，包括如何选择合适的展览、购票优惠、旅行建议以及志愿者机会等。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Ticketing and Entrance Fees部分第一段中“Buy tickets early as the shows offer discounts for advance purchases. (尽早买票，因为展会会为提前购票提供折扣。)”可知，提前买票的好处是可以享受折扣，即价格降低。故选A。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Volunteering Opportunities部分第一段中“Helping out at garden shows is a fun way to meet people and learn new skills.(在园艺展中帮忙是一种认识人和学习新技能的有趣方式。)”和第二段中“It’s a great way to network while you’re supporting the gardening community. (这是你在支持园艺界的同时建立人脉的好方法。)”可知，作为活动的志愿者，你可以发展你的社交关系。故选D。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段“Garden enthusiasts, get ready for an exciting year ahead!The US Garden Shows 2025 will highlight breathtaking flower arrangements, innovative landscaping ideas, and the latest gardening trends. (园艺爱好者们，为即将到来的激动人心的一年做好准备吧！2025年美国园艺展将展示令人惊叹的花卉布置、创新的景观设计理念以及最新的园艺趋势。)”可知，文章主要介绍了2025年美国园艺展的相关信息，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是分享关于园艺活动的信息。故选C。 B 【答案】24. C 25. B 26. D 27. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述银行工作的女孩Anna Sacks为寻求更有意义的生活，参加了一个名为Adamah的项目，因此关注到了消费文化的不良影响，并为此寻找解决措施。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Working at a commercial bank in New York City in the mid-2010s, Anna Sacks sensed a lack of meaning in her life. She wanted to do something more fulfilling.(2010年代中期，Anna Sacks在纽约市的一家商业银行工作，她感觉到自己的生活缺乏意义。她想做一些更有成就感的事情)”及第二段“Sacks packed up her life and moved to Connecticut for three months to participate in Adamah, a farming program that focuses on sustainable living and growing sustainable food.(Sacks结束了她的生活，搬到康涅狄格州参加Adamah项目，为期三个月，这是一个专注于可持续生活和种植可持续食品的农业项目)”可知，她对有意义的生活的渴望促使Anna Sacks加入Adamah项目。故选C项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段““One of the things that really stuck with me from Adamah was how little waste they produced and how they handled the waste they did have, mostly through composting,” she says.(她说：“Adamah让我印象深刻的一件事是，他们产生的废物是多么的少，以及他们如何处理他们所拥有的废物，主要是通过堆肥”)”可知，Anna Sacks发现Adamah项目的可持续生活实践令人印象深刻。故选B项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The Adamah program opened Sacks’s eyes to the damage consumer culture is doing and the need to find solutions. So in 2016, she started working with a food rescue program, and in 2017, she found her true calling—what she calls “trash walking”.(Adamah项目让Sacks看到了消费者文化正在造成的损害以及寻找解决方案的必要性。因此，2016年，她开始参与一个食品救援项目，2017年，她找到了自己真正的职业——她称之为“垃圾漫步”)”可知，Anna Sacks开始了她的“垃圾漫步”计划，以应对消费者文化的破坏。故选D项。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The lesson from her trash walking isn’t just that we need to produce less stuff. It’s that we need to stop throwing perfectly good items in the trash too.(她的“垃圾漫步”经验不仅仅是我们需要减少生产。我们也需要停止把非常好的东西扔进垃圾桶)”可知，作者主张充分利用产品来减少浪费。故选D项。 C 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学论文引用操控现象及其影响。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The careers of scientists and the reputation of their institutions depend on the number and prestige of the papers they produce, but even more so on the citations attracted by these papers.(科学家的职业生涯以及其所在机构的声誉都取决于他们所发表论文的数量和声誉，但更重要的是这些论文所吸引的引用次数。)”可知，科学家的职业生涯由他们的论文被引用了多少次决定，故选B。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“The appearance of electronic publishing and authors’ need to find outlets for their papers resulted in thousands of new journals. The birth of predatory journals wasn’t far behind. These journals can act as milk cows where every single article in an issue may cite a specific paper or a series of papers.(电子出版的出现以及作者们为自己的论文寻找发表渠道的需求，催生了成千上万的新期刊。与此同时，一些“掠夺性期刊”的诞生也不远了。这些期刊可以被视为“奶牛”，每期中的每一篇论文都可能引用特定的一篇或几篇论文。)”可知，第三段中“奶牛”这一比喻的用意是强调一个问题——每期中的每一篇论文都可能引用特定的一篇或几篇论文。故选D。 【30题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第四段中的“How insidious (不易觉察的) is this type of citation manipulation? In one example, an individual— acting as author, editor, and consultant— was able to use at least 15 journals as citation providers to articles published by five scientists at three universities.(这种引用操纵（行为）的隐蔽性有多强？有一个例子可以说明：某个人同时扮演作者、编辑和顾问的角色，竟能利用至少15种期刊作为“引用来源”，为三所大学里五位科学家发表的论文提供引用。)”和“Scopus, a citation database, which includes a high number of the new “international” journals(Scopus是一个引文数据库，其中收录了大量新兴“国际”期刊。)”可知，Scopus是一个引用数据库，引用操纵问题在Scopus数据库中很泛滥。rampant意为“泛滥的，猖獗的”，和Severe意思相近。故选D。 D 【答案】31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了人工智能对人类的影响，包括对人类选择能力和自我认知的改变，以及推荐引擎带来的影响和人工智能带来的可预测性所引发的问题。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“As AI increasingly shapes the human experience, how does this change what it means to be human? Central to the problem is a person’s capacity to make choices, particularly judgments that have moral implications. (随着人工智能越来越多地塑造人类体验，这如何改变作为人类的意义？问题的核心是一个人做出选择的能力，特别是具有道德意义的判断。)”可知，人工智能的更深层次影响是它改变了人类做出选择和理解自己的方式。故选C。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Recommendation engines, which are increasingly prevalent intermediaries in people’s consumption of culture, may serve to constrain choice and minimize luck. (推荐算法作为人们文化消费中日益普遍的中介，可能会起到限制选择、减少偶然性的作用。)”可知，推荐引擎的应用越来越多可能会导致消费者的选择将受到很大限制。故选A。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But to the extent that unpredictability is part of how people understand themselves and part of what people like about themselves, humanity is in the process of losing something significant. As they become more and more predictable, the creatures inhabiting the increasingly AI-mediated world will become less and less like us. (但是，就不可预测性是人们理解自己的一部分，也是人们喜欢自己的一部分而言，人类正在失去一些重要的东西。随着它们变得越来越可预测，居住在日益由人工智能主导的世界中的生物将变得越来越不像我们。)”可知，作者对人工智能带来的日益可预测性持谨慎态度。故选B。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。文章主要探讨了人工智能对人类的影响，特别是它如何改变人类的决策过程和自我认知。文章指出，随着人工智能越来越多地介入人类生活，人类的决策过程变得越来越可预测，这在一定程度上剥夺了人类做出自主判断的能力。文章最后提到，这种可预测性可能会使人类失去一些重要的东西，使人类变得越来越不像自己。因此，选项D“当预测取代判断时”最能概括文章的主题。故选D。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。请在答题纸指定区域作答。 【答案】35. E 36. F 37. G 38. B 39. A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章围绕纸质书与电子书孰优孰劣展开，作者认为纸质书不会被淘汰，其导航、检索、批注功能不输电子书，还能锻炼身体，满载阅读记忆，意义非凡。 【35题详解】 根据上文“I love the way we now judge printed books using the language of the digital world. E-books may come with a “suite of navigational (导航) tools”.(我喜欢我们如今用数字世界的语言来评判纸质书籍的方式。电子书通常会配备一系列导航工具)”以及后文“You can use them to flip the pages forward and backward. And they are just at the end of your arm.(你可以用它们来向前或向后翻页。而且它们就位于你的手臂末端)”可知，前文提到电子书有“一套导航工具”，后文则描述用手指前后翻页。E选项“但最好的导航设备实际上是你的食指和拇指。”用“but”形成转折，指出纸质书最好的导航工具就是食指和拇指，完美衔接上下文，将电子书的科技工具和纸质书的天然操作形成对比。故选E。 【36题详解】 根据上文“Fans of digital books may point out that e-readers have a handy “search” tool. Old-fashioned books also have a search function, in which you turn back to the opening chapter to remind yourself of the structure of a book.(电子书的爱好者可能会指出，电子阅读器拥有便捷的“搜索”功能。而传统的纸质书籍也有搜索功能，通过这个功能你可以翻回到开头的章节，以帮助自己记住书籍的结构)”可知，前文对比电子书的搜索功能，说纸质书也有自己的搜索方式，即翻回开头章节。F选项“他们甚至有一个“引导系统”，它使用一种称为书签的设备。”进一步补充，纸质书还有名为“书签”的“指引系统”，是对纸质书检索、定位功能的补充说明，和前文的“search function”相呼应。故选F。 【37题详解】 根据上文“Fans of the e-book point out that a digital text is easy to annotate (注解). Some devices even feature a little image of a pencil to guide the reader through the process. Traditional-book users have a similar system called “a pencil”.(电子书的爱好者指出，电子文本便于做注释。有些设备甚至配有小小的铅笔图案，以帮助读者完成注释过程。而传统书籍的使用者也有类似的功能，称为“铅笔”)”可知，前文提到纸质书用户也有“铅笔”这个注解工具，G选项“有了它，喜欢的段落可以加下划线，个人评论可以写在页边空白处。”中的“it”指代前文的“a pencil”，具体说明用铅笔可以在喜欢的段落下划线、在页边写个人评语，紧接着后文又提到这些有注解的书可以留给他人看，逻辑链条完整。故选G。 【38题详解】 根据后文“Admittedly, e-books are lighter than printed ones, but one must question whether this is really an advantage. In secondary school, my physique was transformed by the daily need to carry science textbooks. For me and my fellow students, placing these weighty books in our backpacks drew our shoulders back and our chests forward in a way to shape our body posture.(诚然，电子书比纸质书轻便，但人们不得不思考这是否真的是一种优势。在中学时期，由于每天都要携带科学课本，我的体型也因此发生了变化。对于我们这些学生来说，将这些沉重的课本放进书包，会让我们的肩膀向后缩，胸部向前挺，从而形成一种特定的体态)”可知，后文核心内容是，作者认为背厚重的纸质课本改变了体质、塑造了体态，是一种身体锻炼。B选项“携带纸质书本身就是一种锻炼”，作为段落主旨句，总领全段，引出下文的具体论述。故选B。 【39题详解】 根据上文“Besides, a large, well-stocked bookshelf is more meaningful than a digital device.(此外，一个宽敞且物品摆放得当的书架比一台电子设备更有意义)”以及后文“There are books that introduced you to other books, like friends at a party, and books that nursed you through difficult times.(有些书就像在聚会上结识的朋友一样，引领你走进更多的书籍世界；而有些书则会在你遭遇困难时陪伴着你度过难关)”可知，前文说满满一书架的书比电子设备更有意义，后文又阐述这些书见证了自己的阅读经历、陪伴度过艰难时光。A选项“它是你作为读者的人生地图”，其中“it”指代前文的“bookshelf”，高度概括了书架承载的个人阅读记忆与人生轨迹的意义。故选A。 第三部分：书面表达(共二节，32分) 第一节(共4小题：第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分：共12分) 【答案】40. It’s about having a state of mind, an ongoing attitude to conscious adventure that influences all aspects of how we holiday. 41. Because travelling lighter can reduce the chances of having to dispose of items and it’s more fuel efficient. 42. ▶Since accommodation is a source of emissions, staying at a typical hotel can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. Because a typical hotel has average carbon emissions, and only choosing a hotel with lower than average carbon emissions can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. 43. I can save water and electricity in daily life, sort rubbish strictly, use reusable bags instead of plastic ones, and choose to walk or cycle for short trips to live a low-carbon life. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了可持续旅行的含义，并从打包、交通、住宿和饮食等方面提出了实现可持续旅行的具体方法。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段“Being a sustainable traveller is not about making grand, one-off gestures. It’s about having a state of mind, an ongoing attitude to conscious adventure that influences all aspects of how we holiday. (成为一名可持续旅行者并不在于做出宏大的、一次性的姿态，而在于拥有一种心态，一种持续的有意识探险的态度，这种态度会影响我们度假的方方面面。)”可知，成为一名可持续旅行者关乎一种心态，一种持续的、有意识的探险态度，影响度假的各个方面。故答案为It’s about having a state of mind, an ongoing attitude to conscious adventure that influences all aspects of how we holiday.。 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段“To begin with, consider packing less: travelling lighter can reduce the chances of having to dispose of items and it’s more fuel efficient. (首先，考虑少带行李：轻装旅行可以减少丢弃物品的可能性，而且更省油。)”可知，少带行李能减少丢弃物品的可能，并且更省油，因此更环保。故答案为Because travelling lighter can reduce the chances of having to dispose of items and it’s more fuel efficient.。 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第五段“For example, the average carbon footprint of a night in a typical hotel in the UK is about 31.1kg CO2, according to the Hotel Carbon Measurement Initiative, so choosing a hotel that has lower than average carbon emissions can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. (例如，根据酒店碳计量倡议，英国一家普通酒店一晚的平均碳排放量约为31.1千克二氧化碳，因此选择碳排放量低于平均水平的酒店会对你假期的碳足迹产生重大影响。)”可知，原文明确指出是选择低于平均碳排放的酒店而非普通酒店，才能显著影响假期碳足迹。题干中“staying at a typical hotel”与原文表述矛盾。故Since accommodation is a source of emissions, staying at a typical hotel can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint.中“staying at a typical hotel”错误，应改为“choosing a hotel that has lower than average carbon emissions”。故答案为Since accommodation is a source of emissions, staying at a typical hotel can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint. Because a typical hotel has average carbon emissions, and only choosing a hotel with lower than average carbon emissions can make a significant difference to your holiday’s carbon footprint.。 【43题详解】 考查开放性试题。结合节约资源、垃圾分类、减少浪费等绿色生活方式作答即可。故答案为Living a sustainable life requires small daily actions. First, we can save water by turning off taps, which helps protect limited freshwater resources. Second, we should use reusable bags instead of plastic ones, reducing white pollution that harms the natural environment. 第二节：书面表达（20分） Dear Librarian, Having learned that our school library is recruiting student part-time assistants to help with book sorting and borrowing guidance, I am writing to sincerely apply for this position. I apply for this position for two main reasons. On one hand, working in the library can let me stay close to books, which not only enriches my after-school life but also helps me develop a better reading habit. On the other hand, I hope to take this opportunity to cultivate my sense of responsibility and communication skills, laying a good foundation for my future growth. I am confident that I am competent for this job. Firstly, I am careful and patient, and I have experience in sorting out books at home, so I can finish the book arrangement work efficiently. Besides, I am familiar with the library’s borrowing rules and good at communicating with others, enabling me to provide thoughtful guidance for my classmates. I would greatly appreciate it if you could consider my application. I promise to arrange my study and work properly, fulfill my duties earnestly and try my best to help the library run smoothly. I’m looking forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $