精品解析：湖南长沙市湘郡中学等学校2026年5月高三ORS素养检测英语试题

2026年5月高三ORS素养检测 英 语 满分120分，考试时间100分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C., offers a variety of free guided tours for visitors. The “Masterpieces Tour” focuses on the most celebrated works in the collection, including paintings by Leonardo da Vinci, Rembrandt, and Vermeer. The “American Art Tour” highlights the development of American painting from the colonial period to the early 20th century, featuring works by John Singleton Copley, Winslow Homer, and Mary Cassatt. Tours last approximately one hour and are led by trained docents. No reservation is required for individual visitors; simply meet at the West Building Information Desk 15 minutes before the scheduled tour time. Group tours (10 or more people) require advance booking at least two weeks in advance. The gallery is open daily from 10:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., except December 25. Audio guides are available for rent at $7 for adults and $5 for children under 12. 1. What is the main purpose of the “Masterpieces Tour”? A. To introduce American painting history. B. To show the most famous artworks in the gallery. C. To compare different European art styles. D. To provide audio guide services for visitors. 2. What should individual visitors do to join a tour? A. Book a ticket online two weeks ahead. B. Call the gallery to reserve a spot. C. Arrive at the West Building Information Desk early. D. Rent an audio guide before the tour. 3. When can visitors enter the gallery? A. At 9:30 a.m. on Christmas Day. B. At 2:00 p.m. on a Sunday in July. C. At 6:00 p.m. on a weekday. D. At 11:00 a.m. on December 25. B As a child, I was terrified of public speaking. In school, whenever the teacher asked a question, I would sink low in my chair, praying not to be called on. My face would flush, my palms would sweat, and my mind would go blank. That all changed in my sophomore year of high school when my English teacher, Mrs. Thompson, announced a mandatory speech competition. Everyone had to present a five-minute speech in front of the entire school. I begged her to excuse me, but she refused. “You have a voice, David,” she said gently. “It’s time you learned to use it.” I spent weeks writing and practicing my speech on “The Power of Small Acts of Kindness.” I rehearsed in front of a mirror, then to my parents, and finally to a few close friends. On the day of the competition, I was nervous but determined. As I walked onto the stage, I took a deep breath and began. To my surprise, the words flowed naturally. When I finished, the audience applauded. I didn’t win first place, but I won something far more valuable: confidence. Now, as a college senior, I often speak in front of large groups without fear. That one forced experience taught me that stepping out of our comfort zone is where growth truly happens. 4. How did the author feel about speaking in class as a child? A. Excited. B. Confident. C. Nervous. D. Bored. 5. Why did Mrs. Thompson refuse to excuse the author from the speech competition? A. She thought he had to follow the school rule. B. She wanted him to overcome his fear. C. She believed he could win the first place. D. She needed everyone to participate. 6. What did the author do to prepare for the speech? A. He asked Mrs. Thompson for advice daily. B. He practiced with different audiences. C. He memorized a famous speech. D. He wrote a new speech on stage. 7. What is the main message of the story? A. Success requires natural talent. B. Teachers should not force students to speak. C. Stepping out of comfort zone leads to personal growth. D. Winning competitions is the most important thing. C In recent years, “forest bathing” — a Japanese practice called shinrin-yoku — has gained popularity worldwide. Unlike hiking, which often focuses on reaching a destination or achieving physical exercise, forest bathing is about slowing down and immersing oneself in the atmosphere of the forest. It involves walking slowly, breathing deeply, and using all five senses to connect with nature. Scientific studies have shown that forest bathing can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and improve mood. A 2019 study by researchers at Kyoto University found that participants who spent two hours in a forest environment had significantly lower levels of cortisol (a stress hormone) compared to those who stayed in urban areas. The phytoncides — natural oils released by trees — are believed to boost the immune system as well. However, experts warn that forest bathing is not a cure-all. It should complement, not replace, medical treatment for serious health conditions. Moreover, the benefits depend on the quality of the forest environment. Forests polluted by chemicals or noise may not provide the same positive effects. For those who live in cities without easy access to forests, urban parks or even indoor plants can offer similar, though smaller, benefits. The key is mindful engagement with nature, wherever you are. 8. What is the main difference between forest bathing and hiking? A. Forest bathing requires faster walking. B. Hiking emphasizes physical exercise and destinations. C. Forest bathing can only be done in Japan. D. Hiking is more effective in reducing stress. 9. What does the 2019 study mainly suggest? A. Urban areas have higher levels of phytoncides. B. Forest bathing lowers cortisol levels. C. Two hours of hiking is better than forest bathing. D. Cortisol increases stress in forests. 10. What is the experts’ attitude toward forest bathing? A. Overenthusiastic. B. Cautiously supportive. C. Completely negative. D. Indifferent. 11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. People without forests can still benefit from mindful nature contact. B. Urban parks are more effective than forests. C. Indoor plants have no health benefits. D. Forest bathing is only suitable for city dwellers. D The rise of social media influencers has transformed the way young people perceive success. A recent survey by Pew Research Center found that 45% of teenagers aged 13-17 say they would consider becoming a social media influencer as a career. This trend raises important questions about the values being promoted. On one hand, influencers can inspire creativity and entrepreneurship. Many successful influencers have built businesses around their personal brands, from fashion lines to charity campaigns. They often share authentic stories of struggle and perseverance, which can motivate their followers. On the other hand, the influencer culture is often criticized for promoting materialism, unrealistic body standards, and a shallow measure of self-worth based on likes and followers. Studies have linked heavy social media use with increased rates of anxiety and depression among adolescents. Moreover, the pursuit of fame online can distract young people from traditional education and skill-building. So what should parents and educators do? Rather than banning social media entirely — which is often impractical — experts recommend teaching digital literacy. This includes helping young people distinguish between authentic content and sponsored ads, encouraging them to follow diverse role models, and reminding them that online popularity is not the only path to a fulfilling life. 12. What is the main concern raised in paragraph 1? A. Teenagers spend too much time online. B. Many young people see influencer as a desirable job. C. Social media platforms are unsafe. D. Pew Research Center’s data is inaccurate. 13. What is a positive aspect of influencers mentioned in paragraph 2? A. They help teenagers avoid anxiety. B. They encourage creativity and sharing real stories. C. They replace traditional education. D. They promote materialism. 14. According to experts, what is the best way to deal with influencer culture? A. Completely banning social media for teenagers. B. Encouraging teenagers to become influencers. C. Teaching young people how to critically evaluate online content. D. Ignoring the problem and letting it resolve itself. 15. What does the author imply about online popularity? A. It is the only way to be successful. B. It is not the only measure of a fulfilling life. C. It is more important than real-life achievements. D. It has no effect on young people’s mental health. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Turn Your Hobby into a Side Business Many people dream of making money from something they love doing. Turning a hobby into a side business is exciting but requires careful planning. Here are some steps to help you get started. Identify the marketable value of your hobby. Not every hobby can become a profitable business. Ask yourself: Are people willing to pay for what you create or do? ___16___ For example, if you love knitting, are there people looking for handmade scarves? Start small and test the waters. Before quitting your day job, try selling your products or services on a small scale. ___17___ Websites like Etsy for crafts or Fiverr for digital services are great starting points. ___18___ A product that sells well in one season may not work in another. Also, track your time and expenses. If you spend five hours making a $20 item, your hourly wage is only $4 — below minimum wage in many places. Promote your business on social media. Share behind-the-scenes content, customer reviews, and special offers. ___19___ Consistency matters more than frequency. Prepare for challenges. Running a business involves dealing with difficult customers, managing inventory, and handling taxes. ___20___ Many new business owners give up when they hit their first big obstacle. A. Calculate your costs and time. B. You don’t need to post every day. C. Consider the seasonality of your product. D. It’s a good idea to set realistic expectations. E. Use online platforms to reach potential customers. F. Find a partner to share the workload. G. Research whether there is real demand. 第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I still remember the day when my grandfather gave me a small, worn-out compass. “This compass ___21___ me through the war,” he said quietly. “Now it’s yours.” I was twelve then, and a compass seemed ___22___ compared to the video games my friends had. I put it in a drawer and forgot about it. Years later, after Grandpa passed away, I found the compass again while ___23___ through old things. I held it in my hand, noticing the scratched glass and faded ___24___. On the back, I saw a handwritten word: “Hope.” That compass became my treasure. During my first year of college, when I felt ___25___ about my major and future, I would take it out. It reminded me that Grandpa had crossed unknown forests with ___26___ more than that small needle pointing north. One summer, I decided to ___27___ a hiking trip in the Appalachian Trail. I packed the compass along with my GPS. Midway, my phone ___28___ down, leaving me with no map. Panic began to set in. Then I remembered the compass. I took it out, watched the needle ___29___ north, and found my way back to the trailhead. That experience taught me an important ___30___: Technology fails, but some things ___31___. The compass didn’t have a battery or a screen, but it would never ___32___ me. Now the compass sits on my desk. Every time I see it, I am ___33___ that direction is not about knowing exactly where you are, but about never ___34___which way to go. It’s not a tool for navigation — it’s a ___35___ of my grandfather’s quiet strength. 21. A. guided B. followed C. taught D. protected 22. A. valuable B. boring C. exciting D. expensive 23. A. breaking B. sorting C. turning D. putting 24. A. color B. shape C. label D. needle 25. A. curious B. certain C. lost D. passionate 26. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything 27. A. cancel B. design C. join D. take 28. A. slowed B. calmed C. died D. burned 29. A. point B. ignore C. shake D. hide 30. A. skill B. lesson C. fact D. story 31. A. disappear B. change C. remain D. break 32. A. disappoint B. surprise C. encourage D. understand 33. A. worried B. warned C. reminded D. convinced 34. A. forgetting B. knowing C. caring D. asking 35. A. result B. cause C. symbol D. cost 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese tea culture has a history of thousands of years. Tea ____36____ (discover) by Emperor Shennong around 2737 BC when a leaf from a wild tea tree fell into his pot of boiling water. Since then, tea ____37____ (become) an essential part of daily life in China. There are several major types of tea, including green tea, black tea, oolong tea, and white tea. Each type undergoes different ____38____ (process) methods, which affect its flavor and color. For example, green tea is unfermented, ____39____ black tea is fully fermented. Drinking tea is not only about taste but also about health. Studies show that tea is rich ____40____ antioxidants, which can reduce the risk of heart disease. Moreover, the act of brewing and serving tea ____41____ (promote) mindfulness and relaxation. In Chinese culture, serving tea to guests is a sign of ____42____ (respectful). The host carefully selects the tea leaves and water temperature ____43____ (ensure) the best flavor. Guests traditionally tap their fingers on the table to thank the host, a practice ____44____ (know) as “finger kowtow.” Today, tea remains a bridge between tradition and modernity. Whether enjoyed in a formal tea ceremony ____45____a casual mug at work, tea continues to bring comfort and connection. 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Chris来信说他对中国古诗词很感兴趣，但觉得理解起来很困难。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括： 1. 表示理解并鼓励他； 2. 提出学习建议（如：了解背景、欣赏韵律等）； 3. 推荐一首简单的诗（如《静夜思》）。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was fourteen, my family moved from a bustling city to a small rural town. I hated everything about it — the silence, the dirt roads, and the fact that my new school had only 60 students. I missed my old friends and spent most days with my headphones on, ignoring the world. One afternoon, my neighbor Mrs. Gable, an elderly woman who lived alone, knocked on our door. She held a basket of tomatoes. “Your mother mentioned you like gardening,” she said with a warm smile. “Would you like to help me in my garden? I could use a young pair of hands.” I almost refused, but my mom gave me “the look.” So I nodded reluctantly. Over the next few weeks, I spent every Tuesday and Thursday afternoon at Mrs. Gable’s house. She taught me how to plant seeds, pull weeds, and tell when a tomato was perfectly ripe. At first, I worked silently, counting the minutes until I could leave. But gradually, I began to look forward to our time together. She told me stories about her youth, about her late husband who built their house, and about the apple tree that had been in her family for three generations. One day in late August, I noticed Mrs. Gable seemed weaker than usual. Her hands trembled as she reached for a watering can. “I’m sorry,” she whispered. “I think this might be my last season in the garden. The doctor says my heart is failing.” I felt a lump in my throat. I didn’t know what to say, so I just took the watering can from her and finished the work. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: The next spring, I found myself standing in front of Mrs. Gable’s garden alone. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: That garden became my promise to her. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026年5月高三ORS素养检测 英 语 满分120分，考试时间100分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C., offers a variety of free guided tours for visitors. The “Masterpieces Tour” focuses on the most celebrated works in the collection, including paintings by Leonardo da Vinci, Rembrandt, and Vermeer. The “American Art Tour” highlights the development of American painting from the colonial period to the early 20th century, featuring works by John Singleton Copley, Winslow Homer, and Mary Cassatt. Tours last approximately one hour and are led by trained docents. No reservation is required for individual visitors; simply meet at the West Building Information Desk 15 minutes before the scheduled tour time. Group tours (10 or more people) require advance booking at least two weeks in advance. The gallery is open daily from 10:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., except December 25. Audio guides are available for rent at $7 for adults and $5 for children under 12. 1. What is the main purpose of the “Masterpieces Tour”? A. To introduce American painting history. B. To show the most famous artworks in the gallery. C. To compare different European art styles. D. To provide audio guide services for visitors. 2. What should individual visitors do to join a tour? A. Book a ticket online two weeks ahead. B. Call the gallery to reserve a spot. C. Arrive at the West Building Information Desk early. D. Rent an audio guide before the tour. 3. When can visitors enter the gallery? A. At 9:30 a.m. on Christmas Day. B. At 2:00 p.m. on a Sunday in July. C. At 6:00 p.m. on a weekday. D. At 11:00 a.m. on December 25. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了华盛顿国家美术馆的免费导览服务、参与要求以及场馆开放时间、语音导览收费等相关参观信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The “Masterpieces Tour” focuses on the most celebrated works in the collection, including paintings by Leonardo da Vinci, Rembrandt, and Vermeer.(“杰作之旅”聚焦馆藏中最著名的作品，包括列奥纳多・达・芬奇、伦勃朗和维米尔的画作)”可知，“杰作之旅”的主要目的是展示美术馆内最知名的艺术品。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“No reservation is required for individual visitors; simply meet at the West Building Information Desk 15 minutes before the scheduled tour time.(个人游客无需预约；只需在预定的游览时间前15分钟在西楼服务台集合即可)”可知，个人游客想要参加游览需要提前抵达西楼服务台。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The gallery is open daily from 10:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., except December 25.(美术馆除12月25日外，每日上午十点至下午五点开放)”可知，七月周日下午两点在开放时间范围内，游客可以入馆。 B As a child, I was terrified of public speaking. In school, whenever the teacher asked a question, I would sink low in my chair, praying not to be called on. My face would flush, my palms would sweat, and my mind would go blank. That all changed in my sophomore year of high school when my English teacher, Mrs. Thompson, announced a mandatory speech competition. Everyone had to present a five-minute speech in front of the entire school. I begged her to excuse me, but she refused. “You have a voice, David,” she said gently. “It’s time you learned to use it.” I spent weeks writing and practicing my speech on “The Power of Small Acts of Kindness.” I rehearsed in front of a mirror, then to my parents, and finally to a few close friends. On the day of the competition, I was nervous but determined. As I walked onto the stage, I took a deep breath and began. To my surprise, the words flowed naturally. When I finished, the audience applauded. I didn’t win first place, but I won something far more valuable: confidence. Now, as a college senior, I often speak in front of large groups without fear. That one forced experience taught me that stepping out of our comfort zone is where growth truly happens. 4. How did the author feel about speaking in class as a child? A. Excited. B. Confident. C. Nervous. D. Bored. 5. Why did Mrs. Thompson refuse to excuse the author from the speech competition? A. She thought he had to follow the school rule. B. She wanted him to overcome his fear. C. She believed he could win the first place. D. She needed everyone to participate. 6. What did the author do to prepare for the speech? A. He asked Mrs. Thompson for advice daily. B. He practiced with different audiences. C. He memorized a famous speech. D. He wrote a new speech on stage. 7. What is the main message of the story? A. Success requires natural talent. B. Teachers should not force students to speak. C. Stepping out of comfort zone leads to personal growth. D. Winning competitions is the most important thing. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者小时候极度害怕当众演讲，到现在作者已能毫无畏惧地在众多人面前演讲的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“As a child, I was terrified of public speaking. In school, whenever the teacher asked a question, I would sink low in my chair, praying not to be called on. My face would flush, my palms would sweat, and my mind would go blank.(小时候，我非常害怕当众演讲。在学校里，每当老师提问，我就会蜷缩在椅子里，祈祷不要被点到。我的脸会变红，手心出汗，大脑一片空白)”可知，作者小时候在课堂上发言时感到紧张。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“That all changed in my sophomore year of high school when my English teacher, Mrs. Thompson, announced a mandatory speech competition. Everyone had to present a five-minute speech in front of the entire school. I begged her to excuse me, but she refused. “You have a voice, David,” she said gently. “It’s time you learned to use it.”(这一切在我高二那年发生了改变。当时我的英语老师汤普森夫人宣布要举办一场强制性演讲比赛，所有人都必须在全校师生面前进行一场五分钟的演讲。我恳求她允许我免赛，可她拒绝了。“大卫，你拥有表达的能力，” 她温柔地说，“是时候学会开口发声了。”)”可推断，汤普森夫人拒绝豁免作者参加演讲比赛，是想让他克服恐惧，学会表达自己。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“I rehearsed in front of a mirror, then to my parents, and finally to a few close friends.(我先对着镜子排练，然后给父母演讲，最后又讲给几个亲密的朋友听)”可知，作者为准备演讲，对着不同的听众进行练习。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“That one forced experience taught me that stepping out of our comfort zone is where growth truly happens.(那次被迫的经历让我明白，走出舒适区才能真正实现成长)”可知，文章的主要信息是走出舒适区会带来个人成长。 C In recent years, “forest bathing” — a Japanese practice called shinrin-yoku — has gained popularity worldwide. Unlike hiking, which often focuses on reaching a destination or achieving physical exercise, forest bathing is about slowing down and immersing oneself in the atmosphere of the forest. It involves walking slowly, breathing deeply, and using all five senses to connect with nature. Scientific studies have shown that forest bathing can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and improve mood. A 2019 study by researchers at Kyoto University found that participants who spent two hours in a forest environment had significantly lower levels of cortisol (a stress hormone) compared to those who stayed in urban areas. The phytoncides — natural oils released by trees — are believed to boost the immune system as well. However, experts warn that forest bathing is not a cure-all. It should complement, not replace, medical treatment for serious health conditions. Moreover, the benefits depend on the quality of the forest environment. Forests polluted by chemicals or noise may not provide the same positive effects. For those who live in cities without easy access to forests, urban parks or even indoor plants can offer similar, though smaller, benefits. The key is mindful engagement with nature, wherever you are. 8. What is the main difference between forest bathing and hiking? A. Forest bathing requires faster walking. B. Hiking emphasizes physical exercise and destinations. C. Forest bathing can only be done in Japan. D. Hiking is more effective in reducing stress. 9. What does the 2019 study mainly suggest? A. Urban areas have higher levels of phytoncides. B. Forest bathing lowers cortisol levels. C. Two hours of hiking is better than forest bathing. D. Cortisol increases stress in forests. 10. What is the experts’ attitude toward forest bathing? A. Overenthusiastic. B. Cautiously supportive. C. Completely negative. D. Indifferent. 11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. People without forests can still benefit from mindful nature contact. B. Urban parks are more effective than forests. C. Indoor plants have no health benefits. D. Forest bathing is only suitable for city dwellers. 【答案】8. B 9. B 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍森林浴的定义、功效、局限性以及城市人群可替代的亲近自然的方式。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Unlike hiking, which often focuses on reaching a destination or achieving physical exercise, forest bathing is about slowing down and immersing oneself in the atmosphere of the forest.(徒步旅行通常侧重于抵达目的地或完成体育锻炼，与之不同，森林浴旨在放慢节奏、沉浸于森林氛围中)”可知，徒步旅行注重体育锻炼和目的地。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“A 2019 study by researchers at Kyoto University found that participants who spent two hours in a forest environment had significantly lower levels of cortisol (a stress hormone) compared to those who stayed in urban areas.(京都大学研究人员2019年的一项研究发现，与待在城市地区的人相比，在森林环境中待两小时的参与者皮质醇（一种压力激素）水平显著更低)”可知，森林浴能够降低人体的皮质醇水平。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“However, experts warn that forest bathing is not a cure-all. It should complement, not replace, medical treatment for serious health conditions.(然而，专家提醒称森林浴并非万能良药。对于严重的健康问题，它只可辅助治疗，不能替代医疗手段)”可知，专家认可森林浴的益处，但也指出其局限性，态度是谨慎支持的。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“For those who live in cities without easy access to forests, urban parks or even indoor plants can offer similar, though smaller, benefits. The key is mindful engagement with nature, wherever you are.(对于居住在城市、难以接触森林的人群，城市公园甚至室内植物也能带来相似但较弱的益处。关键在于无论身处何地，用心亲近自然)”可知，无法接触森林的人，依旧可以通过用心接触自然获得益处。 D The rise of social media influencers has transformed the way young people perceive success. A recent survey by Pew Research Center found that 45% of teenagers aged 13-17 say they would consider becoming a social media influencer as a career. This trend raises important questions about the values being promoted. On one hand, influencers can inspire creativity and entrepreneurship. Many successful influencers have built businesses around their personal brands, from fashion lines to charity campaigns. They often share authentic stories of struggle and perseverance, which can motivate their followers. On the other hand, the influencer culture is often criticized for promoting materialism, unrealistic body standards, and a shallow measure of self-worth based on likes and followers. Studies have linked heavy social media use with increased rates of anxiety and depression among adolescents. Moreover, the pursuit of fame online can distract young people from traditional education and skill-building. So what should parents and educators do? Rather than banning social media entirely — which is often impractical — experts recommend teaching digital literacy. This includes helping young people distinguish between authentic content and sponsored ads, encouraging them to follow diverse role models, and reminding them that online popularity is not the only path to a fulfilling life. 12. What is the main concern raised in paragraph 1? A. Teenagers spend too much time online. B. Many young people see influencer as a desirable job. C. Social media platforms are unsafe. D. Pew Research Center’s data is inaccurate. 13. What is a positive aspect of influencers mentioned in paragraph 2? A. They help teenagers avoid anxiety. B. They encourage creativity and sharing real stories. C. They replace traditional education. D. They promote materialism. 14. According to experts, what is the best way to deal with influencer culture? A. Completely banning social media for teenagers. B. Encouraging teenagers to become influencers. C. Teaching young people how to critically evaluate online content. D. Ignoring the problem and letting it resolve itself. 15. What does the author imply about online popularity? A. It is the only way to be successful. B. It is not the only measure of a fulfilling life. C. It is more important than real-life achievements. D. It has no effect on young people’s mental health. 【答案】12. B 13. B 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍网红职业受青少年追捧的现象，分析其利弊并给出家长和教育者的引导方法。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A recent survey by Pew Research Center found that 45% of teenagers aged 13-17 say they would consider becoming a social media influencer as a career.(皮尤研究中心最近的一项调查发现，45%的13至17岁青少年表示他们会考虑将成为社交媒体网红作为职业)”可知，第一段提出的主要问题是许多年轻人将网红视为理想职业。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“On one hand, influencers can inspire creativity and entrepreneurship. Many successful influencers have built businesses around their personal brands, from fashion lines to charity campaigns. They often share authentic stories of struggle and perseverance, which can motivate their followers.(一方面，网红能够激发创造力和创业精神。许多成功的网红围绕个人品牌创办事业，从时尚系列到慈善活动。他们常分享真实的奋斗与坚持故事，能够激励粉丝)”可知，网红的积极影响是鼓励创造力并分享真实故事。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Rather than banning social media entirely — which is often impractical — experts recommend teaching digital literacy. This includes helping young people distinguish between authentic content and sponsored ads, encouraging them to follow diverse role models, and reminding them that online popularity is not the only path to a fulfilling life.(专家建议不要彻底封禁社交媒体，这通常不现实，而是教授数字素养，包括帮助年轻人区分真实内容和广告内容、接触多元榜样、明白网络人气并非人生圆满的唯一途径)”可知，专家认为应对网红文化的最佳方式是教会年轻人批判性辨别网络内容。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“reminding them that online popularity is not the only path to a fulfilling life (提醒他们网络人气并不是获得圆满人生的唯一途径)”可知，作者暗示网络人气不是衡量人生圆满的唯一标准。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Turn Your Hobby into a Side Business Many people dream of making money from something they love doing. Turning a hobby into a side business is exciting but requires careful planning. Here are some steps to help you get started. Identify the marketable value of your hobby. Not every hobby can become a profitable business. Ask yourself: Are people willing to pay for what you create or do? ___16___ For example, if you love knitting, are there people looking for handmade scarves? Start small and test the waters. Before quitting your day job, try selling your products or services on a small scale. ___17___ Websites like Etsy for crafts or Fiverr for digital services are great starting points. ___18___ A product that sells well in one season may not work in another. Also, track your time and expenses. If you spend five hours making a $20 item, your hourly wage is only $4 — below minimum wage in many places. Promote your business on social media. Share behind-the-scenes content, customer reviews, and special offers. ___19___ Consistency matters more than frequency. Prepare for challenges. Running a business involves dealing with difficult customers, managing inventory, and handling taxes. ___20___ Many new business owners give up when they hit their first big obstacle. A. Calculate your costs and time. B. You don’t need to post every day. C. Consider the seasonality of your product. D. It’s a good idea to set realistic expectations. E. Use online platforms to reach potential customers. F. Find a partner to share the workload. G. Research whether there is real demand. 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. C 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍把爱好发展成副业的方法，要判断市场需求、小规模试水运营，考量产品时令性与成本，借助社交平台合理宣传，同时正视经营难题、摆正心态。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Identify the marketable value of your hobby. Not every hobby can become a profitable business. Ask yourself: Are people willing to pay for what you create or do?(明确你所从事的爱好具有何种市场价值。并非所有的爱好都能发展成为盈利的业务。问问自己：人们是否愿意为你的创作或所做之事支付费用？)”以及后文“For example, if you love knitting, are there people looking for handmade scarves?(例如，如果你喜欢编织，那么有没有人需要手工制作的围巾呢？)”可知，本段核心是确认爱好的市场价值，前文提问“是否有人愿意为你的爱好付费”，后文举例问“是否有人需要手工围巾”，对应G选项“调查是否存在真实需求”逻辑衔接一致。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Start small and test the waters. Before quitting your day job, try selling your products or services on a small scale.(先从小处着手，先进行小规模的尝试。在辞去现有工作之前，可以先尝试以小规模的形式来销售你的产品或服务)”以及后文“Websites like Etsy for crafts or Fiverr for digital services are great starting points.(像 Etsy这样的手工艺品网站或者Fiverr这样的数字服务网站都是很好的起点)”可知，本段要求从小规模试水，后文列举了Etsy、Fiverr等线上网站作为起点，对应E选项“利用线上平台接触潜在客户”完美引出后文的网站例子。 【18题详解】 根据后文“A product that sells well in one season may not work in another. Also, track your time and expenses. If you spend five hours making a $20 item, your hourly wage is only $4 — below minimum wage in many places.(一款在某一时期畅销的产品在另一时期可能就不那么受欢迎了。此外，要记录好你的时间和开支情况。如果你花了五个小时制作一件价值20美元的产品，那么你的时薪仅为4美元——在很多地方这还低于最低工资标准)”可知，本段后文提到“记录你的时间和开销”，还举例计算时薪，核心是梳理清楚收支和时间投入，对应A选项“计算你的成本和所需时间”。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Promote your business on social media. Share behind-the-scenes content, customer reviews, and special offers.(在社交媒体上推广你的业务。分享幕后内容、客户评价以及特别优惠活动)”以及后文“Consistency matters more than frequency.(一致性比频率更重要)”可知，本段讲社交媒体推广，后文提到“一致性比发帖频率更重要”，对应B选项“你不需要每天发帖”正好呼应“频率”这个话题。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Prepare for challenges. Running a business involves dealing with difficult customers, managing inventory, and handling taxes.(做好应对挑战的准备。经营一家企业需要处理难缠的客户、管理库存以及处理税务等问题)”以及后文“Many new business owners give up when they hit their first big obstacle.(许多新创办的企业主在遭遇第一个重大难题时就会选择放弃)”可知，本段讲要做好应对挑战的准备，后文提到很多新老板遇到困难就放弃，对应D选项“设定切合实际的期望是个好主意”。 第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I still remember the day when my grandfather gave me a small, worn-out compass. “This compass ___21___ me through the war,” he said quietly. “Now it’s yours.” I was twelve then, and a compass seemed ___22___ compared to the video games my friends had. I put it in a drawer and forgot about it. Years later, after Grandpa passed away, I found the compass again while ___23___ through old things. I held it in my hand, noticing the scratched glass and faded ___24___. On the back, I saw a handwritten word: “Hope.” That compass became my treasure. During my first year of college, when I felt ___25___ about my major and future, I would take it out. It reminded me that Grandpa had crossed unknown forests with ___26___ more than that small needle pointing north. One summer, I decided to ___27___ a hiking trip in the Appalachian Trail. I packed the compass along with my GPS. Midway, my phone ___28___ down, leaving me with no map. Panic began to set in. Then I remembered the compass. I took it out, watched the needle ___29___ north, and found my way back to the trailhead. That experience taught me an important ___30___: Technology fails, but some things ___31___. The compass didn’t have a battery or a screen, but it would never ___32___ me. Now the compass sits on my desk. Every time I see it, I am ___33___ that direction is not about knowing exactly where you are, but about never ___34___which way to go. It’s not a tool for navigation — it’s a ___35___ of my grandfather’s quiet strength. 21. A. guided B. followed C. taught D. protected 22. A. valuable B. boring C. exciting D. expensive 23. A. breaking B. sorting C. turning D. putting 24. A. color B. shape C. label D. needle 25. A. curious B. certain C. lost D. passionate 26. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything 27. A. cancel B. design C. join D. take 28. A. slowed B. calmed C. died D. burned 29. A. point B. ignore C. shake D. hide 30. A. skill B. lesson C. fact D. story 31. A. disappear B. change C. remain D. break 32. A. disappoint B. surprise C. encourage D. understand 33. A. worried B. warned C. reminded D. convinced 34. A. forgetting B. knowing C. caring D. asking 35. A. result B. cause C. symbol D. cost 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述祖父赠予作者一枚旧指南针，作者在经历中领悟其意义，收获人生道理的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：这枚指南针在战争中指引我前行。A. guided指引；B. followed跟随；C. taught教导；D. protected保护。根据指南针的功能和下文“It reminded me that Grandpa had crossed unknown forests with ____ more than that small needle pointing north.”可知，指南针给祖父指引方向。 【22题详解】 考查形容词。句意：那时我十二岁，相比于朋友们的电子游戏，指南针似乎很无趣。A. valuable珍贵的；B. boring无聊的；C. exciting令人兴奋的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据后文“I put it in a drawer and forgot about it”可知，作者当时并不喜欢指南针，觉得它很无趣。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意：多年后祖父去世，我在整理旧物品时再次发现了这枚指南针。A. breaking打破；B. sorting整理；C. turning转动；D. putting放置。结合下文“old things”可知，整理旧物件才会翻出旧物品。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：我握着它，注意到玻璃表面有划痕，标签也已褪色。A. color颜色；B. shape形状；C. label标签；D. needle指针。根据上文“Years later”和“the scratched glass and faded ”推测，因时间久远，指南针上的标签已经褪色。 【25题详解】 考查形容词。句意：大学第一年，当我对自己的专业和未来感到迷茫时，我就会拿出它。A. curious好奇的；B. certain确定的；C. lost迷茫的；D. passionate热情的。根据上文“On the back, I saw a handwritten word: “Hope.””推测，作者在对未来感到困惑迷茫时会拿出指南针。 【26题详解】 考查不定代词。句意：这让我想起，祖父仅凭那根指向北方的小小指针，穿越了未知的森林。A. something某物；B. nothing没有东西；C. anything任何事物；D. everything一切。nothing more than“仅仅、只不过”，贴合祖父仅凭指南针穿越森林的语境。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：有一年夏天，我决定沿着阿巴拉契亚小径进行一次徒步旅行。A. cancel取消；B. design设计；C. join加入；D. take进行、从事。根据下文“a hiking trip”可知，作者去徒步旅行，take a hiking trip“进行徒步旅行”。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：途中，我的手机没电关机了，导致我没有地图可用。A. slowed变慢；B. calmed平静；C. died停止运行、没电；D. burned燃烧。根据后文“leaving me with no map”可知，手机没电无法使用。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：我拿出指南针，看着指针指向北方，找到了返回步道起点的路。A. point指向；B. ignore忽视；C. shake摇晃；D. hide隐藏。结合尝试可知，指南针的功能是指针指向正北方向。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：那次经历教会了我一个重要的道理：科技会失灵，但有些事物恒久不变。A. skill技能；B. lesson道理、教训；C. fact事实；D. story故事。下文“Technology fails, but some things ____.”是作者领悟的道理，learn a lesson为固定搭配，意为“吸取教训、领悟道理”。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意同上。A. disappear消失；B. change改变；C. remain保持、恒久存在；D. break损坏。对比上文“ Technology fails”此处指传统的事物始终可靠、恒久存在。。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：这枚指南针没有电池和屏幕，但它永远不会让我失望。A. disappoint使失望；B. surprise使惊讶；C. encourage鼓励；D. understand理解。根据前文“I took it out, watched the needle ____ north, and found my way back to the trailhead.”可知，指南针从不会让人失望。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：每次看到它，我都会被提醒：方向不在于确切知晓自己的位置，而在于永远不忘记前行的道路。A. worried担忧；B. warned警告；C. reminded提醒；D. convinced使信服。根据下文“that direction is not about knowing exactly where you are, but about never ____ which way to go.”可知，指南针时刻提醒作者人生道理，贴合全文语境。 【34题详解】 考查动词。句意同上。A. forgetting忘记；B. knowing知晓；C. caring在意；D. asking询问。呼应上文“direction is not about knowing exactly where you are”此处指方向在于不忘记前行的道路。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：它不是导航工具，而是祖父沉稳力量的象征。A. result结果；B. cause原因；C. symbol象征；D. cost代价。根据下文“of my grandfather’s quiet strength.”可知，这枚指南针承载祖父的希望与力量，是精神的象征。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese tea culture has a history of thousands of years. Tea ____36____ (discover) by Emperor Shennong around 2737 BC when a leaf from a wild tea tree fell into his pot of boiling water. Since then, tea ____37____ (become) an essential part of daily life in China. There are several major types of tea, including green tea, black tea, oolong tea, and white tea. Each type undergoes different ____38____ (process) methods, which affect its flavor and color. For example, green tea is unfermented, ____39____ black tea is fully fermented. Drinking tea is not only about taste but also about health. Studies show that tea is rich ____40____ antioxidants, which can reduce the risk of heart disease. Moreover, the act of brewing and serving tea ____41____ (promote) mindfulness and relaxation. In Chinese culture, serving tea to guests is a sign of ____42____ (respectful). The host carefully selects the tea leaves and water temperature ____43____ (ensure) the best flavor. Guests traditionally tap their fingers on the table to thank the host, a practice ____44____ (know) as “finger kowtow.” Today, tea remains a bridge between tradition and modernity. Whether enjoyed in a formal tea ceremony ____45____a casual mug at work, tea continues to bring comfort and connection. 【答案】36. was discovered 37. has become 38. processing 39. while 40. in 41. promotes 42. respect 43. to ensure 44. known 45. or 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了中国茶文化的历史起源、分类工艺、健康益处及待客礼仪。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：大约在公元前2737年，一片野生茶树的叶子掉进了神农氏的沸水壶中，茶就这样被发现了。根据时间状语“around 2737 BC”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。主语Tea与discover之间是被动关系，即茶被发现，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were +过去分词”，主语Tea是不可数名词，视为单数，所以用was discovered。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：从那时起，茶就成了中国人日常生活中必不可少的一部分。根据时间状语“Since then”可知，此处强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语tea是不可数名词，视为单数，所以用has become。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：每种茶都经过不同的加工方法，这影响了它的风味和颜色。此处作定语修饰名词methods，应用名词processing，processing methods意为“加工方法”，processing在这里是动名词形式。 【39题详解】 考查连词。句意：例如，绿茶是不发酵的，而红茶是完全发酵的。根据语境，前后句是对比关系，所以用连词while，意为“然而”。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：研究表明，茶富含抗氧化剂，可降低患心脏病的风险。be rich in为固定短语，意为“富含……”，所以此处填in。 【41题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：此外，泡茶和奉茶的行为能促进专注和放松。句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语the act是单数，所以谓语动词promote用第三人称单数形式promotes。 【42题详解】 考查名词。句意：在中国文化中，给客人奉茶是尊重的一种表现。根据空前的介词of可知，此处应用名词respect，意为“尊重”，作宾语，是不可数名词。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：主人会精心挑选茶叶和水温以确保最佳风味。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示挑选茶叶和水温的目的是确保最佳风味，所以用ensure“确保”的动词不定式形式。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：传统上，客人会用手指轻敲桌面以感谢主人，这一做法被称为“手指叩桌礼”。句中已有谓语动词tap，此处应用非谓语动词。practice与know之间是被动关系，即这一做法被称为……，所以用过去分词known作后置定语，修饰practice。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：无论是在正式的茶道中享用，还是在工作时用普通杯子随意饮用，茶都能继续带来舒适和联系。whether...or...为固定搭配，意为“无论……还是……”，所以此处填or。 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Chris来信说他对中国古诗词很感兴趣，但觉得理解起来很困难。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括： 1. 表示理解并鼓励他； 2. 提出学习建议（如：了解背景、欣赏韵律等）； 3. 推荐一首简单的诗（如《静夜思》）。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Chris, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Chris, I’m delighted to hear about your interest in ancient Chinese poetry. It is completely understandable that you find it challenging at first, but please don’t lose heart. To make it easier, I suggest you learn about the historical background of the poems, which will help you grasp the deeper meanings. Besides, try reading them aloud to appreciate the beautiful rhythm. As for a starting point, I highly recommend Quiet Night Thought by Li Bai. It is short and simple, yet profoundly touching. Hope these tips help you enjoy the charm of Chinese poetry! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于你的英国朋友Chris来信说他对中国古诗词很感兴趣，但觉得理解起来很困难这一情况，给他写一封回信提出学习建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 完全：completely → totally 掌握：grasp → master 极大地：profoundly → extremely 欣赏：enjoy → admire 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：It is short and simple, yet profoundly touching. 拓展句：Although it is short and simple, it is profoundly touching. 【点睛】【高分句型1】To make it easier, I suggest you learn about the historical background of the poems, which will help you grasp the deeper meanings.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句以及省略that引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】It is completely understandable that you find it challenging at first, but please don’t lose heart.（运用了it作形式主语，that引导主语从句作真正的主语） 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 When I was fourteen, my family moved from a bustling city to a small rural town. I hated everything about it — the silence, the dirt roads, and the fact that my new school had only 60 students. I missed my old friends and spent most days with my headphones on, ignoring the world. One afternoon, my neighbor Mrs. Gable, an elderly woman who lived alone, knocked on our door. She held a basket of tomatoes. “Your mother mentioned you like gardening,” she said with a warm smile. “Would you like to help me in my garden? I could use a young pair of hands.” I almost refused, but my mom gave me “the look.” So I nodded reluctantly. Over the next few weeks, I spent every Tuesday and Thursday afternoon at Mrs. Gable’s house. She taught me how to plant seeds, pull weeds, and tell when a tomato was perfectly ripe. At first, I worked silently, counting the minutes until I could leave. But gradually, I began to look forward to our time together. She told me stories about her youth, about her late husband who built their house, and about the apple tree that had been in her family for three generations. One day in late August, I noticed Mrs. Gable seemed weaker than usual. Her hands trembled as she reached for a watering can. “I’m sorry,” she whispered. “I think this might be my last season in the garden. The doctor says my heart is failing.” I felt a lump in my throat. I didn’t know what to say, so I just took the watering can from her and finished the work. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: The next spring, I found myself standing in front of Mrs. Gable’s garden alone. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: That garden became my promise to her. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The next spring, I found myself standing in front of Mrs. Gable’s garden alone. The old gardener had passed away during the winter, leaving the garden untended and overgrown. My eyes stung as I thought of her warm smile and the stories she’d shared. Sweet memories of our gardening time flooded my mind instantly. I picked up her old trowel from the shed, and just as she’d taught me, I began to clear the weeds, turn the soil, and plant new tomato seeds. The silence no longer felt cold; it felt like she was there, guiding my hands softly all the time. That garden became my promise to her. Every Tuesday and Thursday afternoon, just like before, I worked in the garden. As the months passed, tomatoes and roses bloomed again, brighter than ever. The neighborhood kids started stopping by, curious about the “girl who talks to plants.” I told them Mrs. Gable’s stories and taught them how to tend the garden. What had once been a place of quiet loneliness had become a living legacy, connecting me to her, to the town, and to the quiet magic of growing things. 【解析】 【导语】本文以作者的成长与转变为线索展开，讲述了作者因搬家而抵触新环境，在邻居Gable夫人的邀请下走进她的花园，在共同劳作中逐渐被温暖治愈；Gable夫人因病告别花园后，作者接过照料花园的责任，让这份善意与热爱以新的方式延续下去。 【详解】1.段落续写： ① 由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写作者得知Gable夫人离世的消息，回忆与她相处的时光，并决定接手打理花园，开启对这份羁绊的延续。 ② 由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写作者如何践行承诺，不仅照料花园，还将Gable夫人的故事与园艺知识分享给邻里孩子，让花园成为联结社区的温暖纽带。 2.续写线索：独自面对花园 —— 回忆过往 —— 决定接手 —— 重拾园艺 —— 践行承诺 —— 分享与传承 —— 花园新生 —— 自我成长 3.词汇激活 行为类 ① 拿起：pick up/take up/lift ② 清理杂草：clear the weeds/remove the weeds/pull out the weeds 情绪类 ① 暖心的：warm/heartfelt/tender ② 好奇的：curious/inquisitive 【点睛】[高分句型 1] The old gardener had passed away during the winter, leaving the garden untended and overgrown. (运用了现在分词leaving作状语) [高分句型 2] What had once been a place of quiet loneliness had become a living legacy, connecting me to her, to the town, and to the quiet magic of growing things. (运用了what引导的主语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $