第4讲 名词（讲义）-2025-2026学年人教PEP版英语六年级上册

新六年级英语暑假衔接讲义 （PEP版 三年级起点） ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━ 第4讲 名词 适用年级：新六年级（五升六） 教材版本：PEP版（三年级起点） 内容说明：本讲学习可数名词复数变化规则、不可数名词用法和名词所有格 Part 1 知识讲解 一、名词的分类 名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词：可以用数字计数的名词，有单数和复数形式。 不可数名词：不能用数字计数的名词，没有复数形式。 二、可数名词复数变化规则 情况 变化 例词 一般情况 加 -s book→books, pen→pens, cat→cats, apple→apples 以 s/x/sh/ch 结尾 加 -es bus→buses, box→boxes, watch→watches, brush→brushes 以辅音+y结尾 变 y 为 i 加 -es baby→babies, party→parties, family→families 以 f/fe 结尾 变 f/fe 为 v 加 -es knife→knives, leaf→leaves, wolf→wolves 以 o 结尾 加 -es（部分） potato→potatoes, tomato→tomatoes, hero→heroes （注：photo→photos, piano→pianos） 不规则变化 特殊记忆 child→children, man→men, woman→women, foot→feet, tooth→teeth, mouse→mice, sheep→sheep, fish→fish, deer→deer 三、不可数名词 不可数名词没有复数形式，不能用a/an修饰。表示数量时用some, much, a little等。 类别 例词 食物/饮料 water, milk, juice, tea, coffee, rice, bread, meat, fish, chicken, beef, soup 其他 paper, music, homework, news, weather, information, money, time, fun 不可数名词的量如何表达？ 用some：some water（一些水） 用a piece of：a piece of paper（一张纸） 用a cup/glass of：a cup of tea（一杯茶） 四、名词所有格 名词所有格表示“......的”，有三种常见形式。 情况 变化 例句 有生命名词单数 加 's Tom's book, my mother's bag, the cat's tail 有生命名词复数 加 ' the students' classroom, my parents' car （不规则复数仍加's: the children's room） 无生命名词 of 结构 the door of the room, the name of the school 共同/分别所有 A and B's 或 A's and B's Tom and Jerry's room（共同的） Tom's and Jerry's rooms（各自的） Part 2 典型例题 一、写出下列名词的复数形式 1. book → __________ 2. box → __________ 3. baby → __________ 4. knife → __________ 5. potato → __________ 6. child → __________ 7. foot → __________ 8. sheep → __________ 解析：注意特殊规则——box加es，baby变y为i加es，knife变f为v加es，potato加es，child/foot/sheep不规则。 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. There are two ______ (box) on the desk. 2. Look at those ______ (child). They are playing. 3. I have two ______ (tooth). 4. How many ______ (sheep) are there on the farm? 5. I'd like some ______ (bread) and two ______ (egg). 解析：第4题sheep单复数同形；第5题bread不可数不变，egg可数变复数。 三、名词所有格填空 1. This is ______ (Tom) book. 2. ______ (my mother) bag is red. 3. The ______ (students) classroom is big. 4. ______ (Tom and Jerry) mother is a teacher. (共同所有) 解析：单数名词加's；复数名词以s结尾加'；共同所有在最后一个名词后加's。 Part 3 基础练习 一、写出下列名词的复数形式 1. cat → __________ 2. bus → __________ 3. family → __________ 4. knife → __________ 5. tomato → __________ 6. man → __________ 7. child → __________ 8. tooth → __________ 9. sheep → __________ 10. fish → __________ 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. There are three ______ (box) in the room. 2. I like ______ (apple) very much. 3. Look! The ______ (child) are playing. 4. How many ______ (sheep) are there? 三、选择填空 1. This is ______ room. A. Tom B. Tom's C. Toms' 2. ______ are on the desk. A. Two book B. Two books C. Two bookes 3. I want some ______. A. waters B. water C. waters' Part 4 提高练习 一、改错 1. There are two boxs on the floor. 改正：_________________________________________ 2. I have three childs. 改正：_________________________________________ 3. This is Tom and Jerrys room. 改正：_________________________________________ 4. There are many sheeps on the hill. 改正：_________________________________________ 二、阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F) Hello, I'm Amy. This is my bedroom. There are two beds in the room. One is for me, and one is for my sister. There are some books on the desk. Look at those photos on the wall. They are my family photos. There are some apples and bananas on the table. I like fruit very much. 1. There are two beds in the room. ______ 2. There are some books under the desk. ______ 3. There are family photos on the wall. ______ 4. There are some oranges on the table. ______ 5. Amy doesn't like fruit. ______ 三、用所给词的正确形式填空（小短文） I have a good friend. ______ (He) name is Mike. He has two ______ (sister). They are ______ (child). ______ (They) room is very nice. There are many ______ (toy) in the room. I like ______ (play) with them. Part 5 本讲总结 记忆口诀 名词复数有规律，一般词尾加s； s/x/sh/ch 加es，辅音+y变ies。 f/fe变v加es，o结尾多数加es； 不规则变化要牢记，child→children man→men。 不可数名词没有复数，不能用a/an来修饰； water/bread/rice等，表示数量用some。 名词所有格，有生命加's； 无生命用of，共同所有最后一个加's。 本讲重点回顾 ✓ 可数名词复数变化：一般+s，s/x/sh/ch+es，辅音+y→ies，f/fe→ves，o一般+es ✓ 不规则变化：child/children, man/men, woman/women, foot/feet, tooth/teeth, sheep/sheep ✓ 不可数名词没有复数，不用a/an，用some/much修饰 ✓ 不可数名词的量：a piece of, a cup of, a glass of等 ✓ 名词所有格：有生命用's，无生命用of，共同所有在最后一个加's 参考答案 Part 2 典型例题 一、写出下列名词的复数形式 1. books 2. boxes 3. babies 4. knives 5. potatoes 6. children 7. feet 8. sheep 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. boxes 2. children 3. teeth 4. sheep 5. bread, eggs 三、名词所有格填空 1. Tom's 2. My mother's 3. students' 4. Tom and Jerry's Part 3 基础练习 一、写出下列名词的复数形式 1. cats 2. buses 3. families 4. knives 5. tomatoes 6. men 7. children 8. teeth 9. sheep 10. fish 二、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. boxes 2. apples 3. children 4. sheep 三、选择填空 1. B (Tom's) 2. B (Two books) 3. B (water) Part 4 提高练习 一、改错 1. boxs → boxes 2. childs → children 3. Tom and Jerrys room → Tom and Jerry's room 4. sheeps → sheep 二、阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F) 1. T 2. F（They are on the desk.） 3. T 4. F（There are apples and bananas.） 5. F（She likes fruit very much.） 三、用所给词的正确形式填空（小短文） 1. His 2. sisters 3. children 4. Their 5. toys 6. playing 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $