摘要:
**基本信息**
聚焦一般现在时和一般过去时被动语态,通过结构化知识梳理与多题型训练,系统构建“概念-转换-应用”逻辑体系,提升语言运用与思维辨析能力。
**专项设计**
|模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑|
|----|-----------|----------|----------|
|知识梳理|4要点|归纳基本结构(be+Vpp)、主被动转换规则、4种使用场景及两种时态被动构成|从概念生成(结构)到原理推导(转换)再到应用拓展(场景)|
|单项选择|20题|通过语境辨析时态(now/every day与last week)及被动语态|考查时态与被动结构匹配,覆盖高频考点|
|单词拼写|10题|训练动词过去分词变形及被动语态谓语构成|强化语法形式准确运用|
|完成句子|10题|结合历史事件、环保等语境考查被动表达|提升语言应用与跨文化理解能力|
内容正文:
班级 姓名 学号 分数
Unit 7 Charities
一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态
(时间:60分钟,满分:100分)
基本结构
be+Vpp
主被动转换
They clean the classroom.
The classroom is cleaned (by them).
被动语态的使用
①不知道动作的执行者。 ②没有必要指出动作的执行者。
③强调动作的承受着。 ④句子主语是动作的承受者(往往是物,但也可能是人)
具体构成
时态
主动语态
被动语态
一般现在时
clean/cleans
is/am/are+cleaned
一般过去时
cleaned
was/were cleaned
一、单项选择(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
1.This kind of medicine ________ to treat colds. It works well.
A.uses B.used C.is used D.was used
【答案】C
【详解】句意:这种药被用来治疗感冒。它效果很好。
主语“medicine”和动词“use”为被动关系,再根据“works”,空处使用一般现在时的被动语态。应填is used。
2.Students are not ________ to bring their mobile phones to school.
A.allowed B.allowing C.allows D.allow
【答案】A
【详解】句意:学生们不被允许带手机到学校。
allowed被允许(过去分词);allowing允许(现在分词);allows允许(第三人称单数);allow允许(动词原形)。主语Students与动词allow之间是被动关系,固定搭配be allowed to do sth.意为“被允许做某事”,are后接过去分词构成被动语态。
3.Nowadays, the ideas of working with AI ________ by more people in all walks of life.
A.accept B.accepted C.are accepted D.were accepted
【答案】C
【详解】句意:如今,与人工智能共事的理念被各行各业越来越多的人所接受。
主语the ideas与动词accept之间是被动关系,需用被动语态结构be + 过去分词;时间状语Nowadays提示句子时态为一般现在时;主语为复数,be动词用are。
4.Many beautiful photos ________ on WeChat Moments every day.
A.share B.shared C.are shared D.were shared
【答案】C
【详解】句意:每天有很多美丽的照片被分享在微信朋友圈。
主语Many beautiful photos与动词share之间是被动关系,时间状语“every day”表明时态为一般现在时,所以使用一般现在时的被动语态;主语是复数,be动词用are。应填are shared。
5.A science festival ________ in our school every April.
A.holds B.held C.is held D.was held
【答案】C
【详解】句意:每年四月我们学校都会举办一个科学节。
根据“every April”可知,句子描述的是经常性的动作,时态应用一般现在时;主语A science festival是动作的承受者,应用被动语态,其结构为be + 过去分词,主语是单数,be动词用is,hold的过去分词是held。
6.In this factory, most of the work ________ by robots now.
A.does B.did C.is done D.was done
【答案】C
【详解】句意:在这家工厂,现在大部分工作都被机器人完成。
主语most of the work与动词do之间是被动关系,且由by robots可知应用被动语态,根据时间状语now可知时态为一般现在时,结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”,work是不可数名词,be动词用is,应填is done。
7.—Mum, the movie Pegasus 3 (《飞驰人生3》) is on, could I watch it tonight?
—I am afraid you can’t, unless your homework ________.
A.finishes B.finished C.was finished D.is finished
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——妈妈,电影《飞驰人生 3》正在上映,我今晚能看吗?——恐怕不行,除非你的作业完成了。
主语homework与动词finish之间是被动关系,需用被动语态,排除 A、B;unless引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则,需用一般现在时,排除C。
8.In Yungang Grottoes in Datong, Shanxi Province, new technologies like digital scanning and 3D printing ________ visitors able to explore the historical place in boundless (无限的) time and space.
A.used to making B.used to make C.are used to make D.are used to making
【答案】C
【详解】句意:在山西省大同市的云冈石窟,像数字扫描和3D打印这样的新技术被用来使游客能够在无限的时间和空间中探索这个历史场所。
主语“new technologies”与动词“use”之间是被动关系,需用被动语态“are used”,此处表示“被用来做某事”,固定搭配为“be used to do sth.”,后接动词原形。而“be used to doing sth.”意为“习惯于做某事”,不符合语境,且主语通常是人,故排除。
9.Plenty of books ________ to the school kids in the mountains every year.
A.brought B.are brought C.were brought D.bring
【答案】B
【详解】句意:每年都有大量的书被送给山里的孩子们。
主语“Plenty of books”与动词“bring”之间是被动关系,需用被动语态,be动词+动词过去分词,bring的过去分词是brought;时间状语“every year”表明时态为一般现在时;主语books是复数,be动词用are。
10.The Changjiang River is important to the Chinese people and it ________ the “mother river”.
A.calls B.is called C.will call D.was called
【答案】B
【详解】句意:长江对中国人民很重要,它被称为“母亲河”。
句子主语是“the Changjiang River(长江)”,它与“call(称呼)”之间是被动关系,即“长江被人们称为”,因此需使用被动语态。句子前半句“The Changjiang River is important to the Chinese people”使用了一般现在时,描述客观事实,后半句需保持时态一致,也用一般现在时。故填is called。
11.In 2025, more roses (玫瑰) ________ in the Taklimakan Desert to improve the environment.
A.plant B.planted C.are planted D.were planted
【答案】D
【详解】句意:2025年,更多的玫瑰被种植在塔克拉玛干沙漠以改善环境。
主语“more roses”与动词“plant”之间是被动关系,需用被动语态(be+done),排除A、B;根据当前时间(2026年)可知,时间状语“In 2025”表示过去的时间,需用一般过去时,be动词用were,排除C。所以选were planted。
12.Thirteen-year-old Ann Brown ________ by a car outside the school.
A.hit B.was hit C.hits D.is hit
【答案】B
【详解】句意:十三岁的Ann Brown在校外被一辆车撞了。
主语Ann Brown是动作hit的承受者,且由“by a car”可知需用被动语态(be+过去分词),车祸通常描述过去发生的突发事件,故用一般过去时。A、C 项为主动语态,排除;D项为一般现在时被动语态,不符合语境;B项为一般过去时被动语态结构。
13.—Why did our team get a lower score than theirs?
—Because our project ________ with the best one in the class last week, and ours had some mistakes.
A.compared B.was compared C.is compared D.will compare
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——为什么我们队的得分比他们队低?——因为上周我们的项目被拿来与班上最好的项目进行了比较,而且我们的项目有一些错误。
时间状语“last week”提示,时态是一般过去时,主语“our project”为单数,且与compare之间为被动关系。强调我们的项目被拿来与班上最好的项目进行比较,故用一般过去时的被动语态was compared。
14.—Some nice paintings by our classmates ________ in the school hall last week.
—Great! Art makes our school life more colorful.
A.show B.showed C.are shown D.were shown
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——上周我们同学的一些精美画作在学校大厅被展出。——太棒了!艺术让我们的学校生活更加丰富多彩。
根据时间状语“last week”可知,句子时态为一般过去时,主语paintings是物,与动词show之间构成被动关系,需用被动语态,主语paintings为复数,be动词需用复数过去式were,show的过去分词为shown。
15.That beautiful photo ________ by my dad during our trip to Beijing last year.
A.take B.took C.was taken D.is taken
【答案】C
【详解】句意:那张漂亮的照片是去年我们去北京旅行时我爸爸拍的。
主语“That beautiful photo”与动词“take”之间是动宾关系,且根据时间状语“last year”,此句用一般过去时的被动语态,结构为“was/were+过去分词”。主语为单数,用was构成补动语态。
16.Lots of food and water ________ to this city after the earthquake hit the city.
A.were sent B.are sent C.send D.sent
【答案】A
【详解】句意:地震袭击这座城市后,大量食物和水被送往这座城市。
主语“Lots of food and water”是动作“send”的承受者,需用被动语态;根据从句中“hit”为过去式可知,主句动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语指代多种物资,视为复数,be动词用were。故填were sent。
17.The sports hero of our school ________ by all the students last Friday.
A.is welcomed B.welcomes C.was welcomed D.will welcome
【答案】C
【详解】句意:上周五,我们学校的体育英雄受到了全体学生的欢迎。
根据“last Friday”可知,句子时态为一般过去时;根据“by”以及选项可知,主语The sports hero of our school与动词welcome之间是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为“was/were done”,此处应填was welcomed。
18.The City Wall we see in Xi’an today is like a big circle around the city centre. It ________ from 1370 to 1378 during the Ming Dynasty.
A.makes B.is made C.will be made D.was made
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我们今天在西安看到的城墙就像围绕市中心的一个大圆圈。它是在明朝 1370 年到 1378 年间被建造的。
根据时间状语“from 1370 to 1378 during the Ming Dynasty”可知,动作发生在过去,应使用一般过去时;主语“It”指代城墙,与动词“make”之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态,It是第三人称单数,所以be动词用was,make的过去分词为made。应填was made。
19.My father’s car ________ yesterday because a necessary part wasn’t found at the repair shop.
A.is repaired B.isn’t repaired C.was repaired D.wasn’t repaired
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我父亲的车昨天没有被修理,因为在修理店没找到必要的零件。
根据“yesterday”及“a necessary part wasn’t found”可知,动作发生在过去,且汽车未被修理,应用一般过去时的被动语态否定形式,wasn’t repaired符合语境。
20.Lantern Festival ________ by Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty.
A.names B.named C.is named D.was named
【答案】D
【详解】句意:元宵节由汉文帝命名。
主语Lantern Festival与name是被动关系, 且动作发生在过去, 用一般过去时的被动语态was named。
二、单词拼写(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)
21.The story ________ (tell) through pictures and words in comic strips.
【答案】is told
【详解】句意:这个故事在连环漫画中通过图画和文字被讲述。tell“讲述”,由主语“The story”和谓语动词“tell”可知二者为被动关系,应用被动语态,句子陈述事实,时态为一般现在时。一般现在时的被动语态的谓语结构为“am/is/are+done”,主语是第三人称单数,be动词用is,tell的过去分词told。
22.Puppeteers stand behind the screen while it ________ (light) up.
【答案】is lit
【详解】句意:木偶师们站在屏幕后面,当屏幕被点亮时。动词短语light up意为“点亮”。while引导时间状语从句,主语it(屏幕)与light up之间是被动关系(屏幕被点亮),light的过去分词是lit。主句用一般现在时stand,从句描述一般情况,也用一般现在时。一般现在时的被动语态,故填is lit。
23.This kind of art ________ (consider) as a treasure of Chinese culture.
【答案】is considered
【详解】句意:这种艺术被称作中国的文化瑰宝。consider“看作”,由主语“This kind of art”和谓语动词“consider”可知二者为被动关系,应用被动语态,句子陈述事实,所以时态为一般现在时。一般现在时的被动语态的谓语结构为“am/is/are + done”,主语是第三人称单数,be动词用is,consider的过去分词是在词尾加ed。
24.Shadow puppet plays ________ (perform) behind a white screen in front of an audience.
【答案】are performed
【详解】句意:皮影戏的表演是在观众面前的白色幕布后面进行的。“Shadow puppet plays”是“被表演”的对象,不能自己发出“perform(表演)”这个动作,因此要用被动语态。句子描述的是皮影戏的常规表演方式,属于客观事实,用一般现在时。主语是复数,被动语态的be动词用are,动词perform变为过去分词performed。
25.New ideas for animated films ________ (discuss) by the team at the beginning.
【答案】are discussed
【详解】句意:动画电影的新想法在一开始会被团队讨论。句中主语“New ideas”与动词“discuss”为被动关系,句子描述的是客观情况,用一般现在时的被动语态“be done”;主语是为复数,be动词用are,discuss的过去分词为discussed。
26.The cake _________ (divide) into eight pieces by my mom just now.
【答案】was divided
【详解】句意:刚才蛋糕被我的妈妈分成了八块。“by my mom”表示被动,蛋糕是“被妈妈切分”,要用被动语态:be+过去分词。“just now”是一般过去时标志,主语“the cake”是单数,be动词用was。divide的过去分词是divided。
27.The painting ________ (damage) by fire around 1650.
【答案】was damaged
【详解】句意:这幅画作在大约1650年被大火损毁。句中around 1650是过去的时间,应用一般过去时;主语the painting和damage之间是被动关系,需用被动语态,结构为“was/were+过去分词”。主语为单数,be动词用was,damage的过去分词为damaged,故填was damaged。
28.The painting ________ (give) to a friend as a present by Huang Gongwang.
【答案】was given
【详解】句意:这幅画被黄公望作为礼物送给了一位朋友。此处叙述发生过的事,谓语动词用一般过去时,根据“by Huang Gongwang”可知,此处用被动语态,主语the painting是第三人称单数形式,谓语用第三人称单数形式,故填was given。
29.The famous painting Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains ________ (paint) by Huang Gongwang.
【答案】was painted
【详解】句意: 这幅著名的画作《富春山居图》是由黄公望绘制的。主语“The famous painting”与动词paint之间是被动关系(画被画),且该动作发生在过去(黄公望是元代画家),所以应用一般过去时的被动语态,即was/were+过去分词。主语为单数,故填was painted。
30.Many people were ________ (save) from the tsunami by the little girl.
【答案】saved
【详解】句意:许多人被这个小女孩从海啸中救了出来。括号内的单词save是动词,句子为被动语态,结构是“be + 过去分词”,因此填saved。
三、完成句子(本大题共10小题,每小题4分,共40分)
31.一个小男孩被迫偷东西。
A young boy ________ ________ ________ steal things.
【答案】 is forced to
【详解】原句中“被迫”是关键词,表示“被迫做某事”的短语是be forced to。本句为一般现在时的被动语态,主语A young boy为第三人称单数,be动词用is。
32.这些无家可归的动物在动物中心被照料得很好。
These homeless animals are well ________ ________ in the animal centre.
【答案】 looked/cared after/for
【详解】原句中“照料”是关键词,表示“照料”的短语是look after/care for,本句为一般现在时的被动语态,are后接过去分词,look的过去分词是looked,care的过去分词是cared。
33.据说运动可以在你情绪低落的时候让你振作起来。
________ ________ that the sports can cheer you up when you are feeling down.
【答案】 It’s said
【详解】原句中“据说”是关键词,其对应的英文固定句型是“It is said that...”。该句型用于引出普遍的看法或传闻。句首单词“It”的首字母需要大写。故填It’s;said。
34.在一些城市,人们的健康受到空气污染的影响。
In some cities, people’s health ________ ________ by air pollution.
【答案】 is affected
【详解】原句中“受到…… 影响”是关键词,表示“影响”的英文单词是affect,本句为被动语态,主语people’s health是不可数名词,句子用一般现在时,被动语态结构为“is+过去分词”,故填is;affected。
35.披萨很特别,因为它能在不同国家被改良、适应各地口味。
Pizza is special because it can ________ ________ ________ ________ ________local tastes in different countries.
【答案】 be improved and adapted to
【详解】原句中 “被改良、适应各地口味” 为核心语义,含情态动词can后接被动语态;“被改良”为be improved,“适应各地口味”是固定搭配be adapted to local tastes;改良与适应为并列关系,用and连接,故填be;improved;and;adapted;to。
36.遵义会议于1935年1月召开。
The Zunyi Meeting __________ _________ in January 1935.
【答案】 was held
【详解】原句中“召开”是关键词,对应的英文为hold,且主语The Zunyi Meeting与hold为被动关系,事件发生时间为1935年,故本句应用一般过去时的被动语态,结构为was held。故填was;held。
37.许多垃圾被海鸟和海洋动物吃掉了。
Much of the rubbish ________ ________ ________ ________ and sea animals.
【答案】 was eaten by seabirds
【详解】原句中“被……吃掉”和“海鸟”是关键信息,rubbish与“吃掉”是被动关系,且动作已发生,用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为单数,be动词用was,即was eaten by;“海鸟”对应的单词是seabirds,用复数形式表泛指。故填was;eaten;by;seabirds。
38.联合国儿童基金会于1946年由联合国成立,旨在帮助处于困境中的儿童和年轻人。
UNICEF ________ ________ ________ ________ 1946 by the UN to help children and young people in difficult situations.
【答案】 was set up in
【详解】原句中“于1946年由联合国成立”是关键词,表示“成立”的短语是set up。本句为一般过去时的被动语态,结构为was/were+过去分词;主语UNICEF为第三人称单数,be动词用was,set的过去分词仍为set。1946为年份,前面用介词in。
39.我们被深深打动了。
We ________ ________ ________.
【答案】 were deeply touched
【详解】原句中“被深深打动了”是关键信息;句子为被动语态,主语是We,be动词填were;“深深”对应副词deeply,修饰动词;“打动”对应动词touch,用过去分词touched。
40.它是由法国作家安托万・德・圣 - 埃克苏佩里创作的。
It ________ ________ ________ the French writer Antoine de Saint-Exupéry.
【答案】 was written by
【详解】原句中“由……创作的”是关键词,be written by…“由……创作的”,这句话描述的是过去发生的创作行为,主语是It,be动词用was。
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班级 姓名 学号 分数
Unit 7 Charities
一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态
(时间:60分钟,满分:100分)
基本结构
be+Vpp
主被动转换
They clean the classroom.
The classroom is cleaned (by them).
被动语态的使用
①不知道动作的执行者。 ②没有必要指出动作的执行者。
③强调动作的承受着。 ④句子主语是动作的承受者(往往是物,但也可能是人)
具体构成
时态
主动语态
被动语态
一般现在时
clean/cleans
is/am/are+cleaned
一般过去时
cleaned
was/were cleaned
一、单项选择(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
1.This kind of medicine ________ to treat colds. It works well.
A.uses B.used C.is used D.was used
2.Students are not ________ to bring their mobile phones to school.
A.allowed B.allowing C.allows D.allow
3.Nowadays, the ideas of working with AI ________ by more people in all walks of life.
A.accept B.accepted C.are accepted D.were accepted
4.Many beautiful photos ________ on WeChat Moments every day.
A.share B.shared C.are shared D.were shared
5.A science festival ________ in our school every April.
A.holds B.held C.is held D.was held
6.In this factory, most of the work ________ by robots now.
A.does B.did C.is done D.was done
7.—Mum, the movie Pegasus 3 (《飞驰人生3》) is on, could I watch it tonight?
—I am afraid you can’t, unless your homework ________.
A.finishes B.finished C.was finished D.is finished
8.In Yungang Grottoes in Datong, Shanxi Province, new technologies like digital scanning and 3D printing ________ visitors able to explore the historical place in boundless (无限的) time and space.
A.used to making B.used to make C.are used to make D.are used to making
9.Plenty of books ________ to the school kids in the mountains every year.
A.brought B.are brought C.were brought D.bring
10.The Changjiang River is important to the Chinese people and it ________ the “mother river”.
A.calls B.is called C.will call D.was called
11.In 2025, more roses (玫瑰) ________ in the Taklimakan Desert to improve the environment.
A.plant B.planted C.are planted D.were planted
12.Thirteen-year-old Ann Brown ________ by a car outside the school.
A.hit B.was hit C.hits D.is hit
13.—Why did our team get a lower score than theirs?
—Because our project ________ with the best one in the class last week, and ours had some mistakes.
A.compared B.was compared C.is compared D.will compare
14.—Some nice paintings by our classmates ________ in the school hall last week.
—Great! Art makes our school life more colorful.
A.show B.showed C.are shown D.were shown
15.That beautiful photo ________ by my dad during our trip to Beijing last year.
A.take B.took C.was taken D.is taken
16.Lots of food and water ________ to this city after the earthquake hit the city.
A.were sent B.are sent C.send D.sent
17.The sports hero of our school ________ by all the students last Friday.
A.is welcomed B.welcomes C.was welcomed D.will welcome
18.The City Wall we see in Xi’an today is like a big circle around the city centre. It ________ from 1370 to 1378 during the Ming Dynasty.
A.makes B.is made C.will be made D.was made
19.My father’s car ________ yesterday because a necessary part wasn’t found at the repair shop.
A.is repaired B.isn’t repaired C.was repaired D.wasn’t repaired
20.Lantern Festival ________ by Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty.
A.names B.named C.is named D.was named
二、单词拼写(本大题共10小题,每小题2分,共20分)
21.The story ________ (tell) through pictures and words in comic strips.
22.Puppeteers stand behind the screen while it ________ (light) up.
23.This kind of art ________ (consider) as a treasure of Chinese culture.
24.Shadow puppet plays ________ (perform) behind a white screen in front of an audience.
25.New ideas for animated films ________ (discuss) by the team at the beginning.
26.The cake _________ (divide) into eight pieces by my mom just now.
27.The painting ________ (damage) by fire around 1650.
28.The painting ________ (give) to a friend as a present by Huang Gongwang.
29.The famous painting Dwelling in the Fuchun Mountains ________ (paint) by Huang Gongwang.
30.Many people were ________ (save) from the tsunami by the little girl.
三、完成句子(本大题共10小题,每小题4分,共40分)
31.一个小男孩被迫偷东西。
A young boy ________ ________ ________ steal things.
32.这些无家可归的动物在动物中心被照料得很好。
These homeless animals are well ________ ________ in the animal centre.
33.据说运动可以在你情绪低落的时候让你振作起来。
________ ________ that the sports can cheer you up when you are feeling down.
34.在一些城市,人们的健康受到空气污染的影响。
In some cities, people’s health ________ ________ by air pollution.
35.披萨很特别,因为它能在不同国家被改良、适应各地口味。
Pizza is special because it can ________ ________ ________ ________ ________local tastes in different countries.
36.遵义会议于1935年1月召开。
The Zunyi Meeting __________ _________ in January 1935.
37.许多垃圾被海鸟和海洋动物吃掉了。
Much of the rubbish ________ ________ ________ ________ and sea animals.
38.联合国儿童基金会于1946年由联合国成立,旨在帮助处于困境中的儿童和年轻人。
UNICEF ________ ________ ________ ________ 1946 by the UN to help children and young people in difficult situations.
39.我们被深深打动了。
We ________ ________ ________.
40.它是由法国作家安托万・德・圣 - 埃克苏佩里创作的。
It ________ ________ ________ the French writer Antoine de Saint-Exupéry.
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