Unit 7 Charities 重点语法：一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态精讲精练-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册重难点讲练全攻略（译林版）

**基本信息** 聚焦一般现在时和一般过去时被动语态，通过结构化表格对比、规则归纳及40道针对性练习，构建“概念-规则-应用”的完整语法学习体系，提升语言应用与逻辑分析能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法知识精讲|4个对比/规则表格|主动被动结构对比、be动词与时态/主语对应规则、分词变化规律、考点易错点总结|从核心结构（概念生成）到be动词选择（原理推导），再到分词规则（应用基础），最后考点突破（应用拓展）| |语法知识精练|40道选择|结合时态标志词、主语特征、动词类型的综合判断法|覆盖不同时态、主语单复数、规则/不规则动词及感官使役动词被动等核心考法|

2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 7 Charities 重点语法：一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态精讲精练 语法知识精讲 一、核心结构对比表 时态 主动语态结构 被动语态结构 否定式 一般疑问句 例句 （主动→被动） 一般现在时 主语 + 动词原形 / 三单 am/is/are + 动词过去分词 am/is/are + not + 过去分词 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词？ We clean the room. →The room is cleaned by us. 一般过去时 主语 + 动词过去式 was/were + 动词过去分词 was/were + not + 过去分词 Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词？ He built the house. →The house was built by him. 二、be 动词用法&主语对应表 时态 主语类型 be动词 一般现在时 I am 单数名词 /it/he/she is 复数名词 /we/you/they are 一般过去时 I / 单数名词 /it/he/she was 复数名词 /we/you/they were 三、动词变过去分词规则（必考） 规则 示例 直接加 - ed work→worked；clean→cleaned 以 e 结尾加 - d close→closed；use→used 辅音 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i 加 - ed study→studied；worry→worried 重读闭音节双写尾字母加 - ed stop→stopped；drop→dropped 不规则变化（必背） do→done；make→made；see→seen；write→written；take→taken 四、重点语法考点&易错点 考点 说明 例句 by + 动作执行者 被动语态常用，可省略 English is spoken (by people) widely. 不及物动词无被动 happen、take place、appear、break out 无被动 错：The accident was happened. 对：The accident happened. 感官 / 使役动词被动还原 to make/let/have/see/watch/hear，主动省 to，被动加 to We make him work. →He is made to work. 时态区分 现在：经常性、事实；过去：过去发生 Trees are planted every year. Trees were planted last year. 语法知识精练 1．—________ the school library ________ every Friday afternoon? —Yes, it is. A．Does; clean B．Is; cleaned C．Did; clean D．Was; cleaned 2．—Who ________ the windows of our classroom? —They ________ by Li Ming every week. A．cleans; are cleaned B．is cleaned; cleans C．cleaned; were cleaned D．is cleaning; is cleaned 3．These new books ________ to the poor areas every year to help children there. A．send B．are sent C．sent D．were sent 4．Silk ________ from the cocoons of silkworms and ________ widely used in ancient China. A．makes; is B．is made; is C．makes; was D．is made; was 5．Natural gas can ________ to make electricity and heat homes. A．use B．be used C．uses D．using 6．This kind of book ________ well and ________ out quickly. A．sells; is sold B．is sold; sells C．sells; sold D．is sold; is sold 7．Many traditional arts and crafts ________ well in our city nowadays to protect our culture. A．protect B．protected C．are protecting D．are protected 8．Sugar making and painting skills ________ on this traditional artwork. A．are using B．have used C．was used D．are used 9．English ________ in many countries around the world today. A．speak B．speaks C．is speaking D．is spoken 10．The rough sketch ________ by the artist first, and then it is inked. A．draw B．draws C．is drawn D．is drawing 11．— ________ the comic books ________ by students in your school? — Yes, they love them very much. A．Do; read B．Are; read C．Are; reading D．Do; reading 12．If the film ________ with beautiful music, it will be more successful. A．combined B．combines C．is combined D．combining 13．Many children with lip problems __________ by Operation Smile every year. A．help B．helped C．are helped D．is helped 14．Most of the work ________ by robots in this factory. A．do B．does C．is done D．are done 15．The old man ________ well ________ by his children. A．is; taken care B．is; taken care of C．was; taken care D．was; taken care of 16．The paper cutting ________ by my grandmother yesterday afternoon. A．was making B．is made C．was made D．made 17．In the Tang Dynasty, beautiful paintings ________ on oil-paper umbrellas. A．draw B．are drawn C．were drawn D．were drawing 18．The charity WWF __________ to protect wild animals. A．is founded B．was founded C．founded D．found 19．—When __________ the school __________? —In 1998. A．did; build B．was; built C．is; built D．were; built 20．This legendary painting ________ by a famous Chinese artist hundreds of years ago. A．paints B．is painted C．painted D．was painted 21．The original scroll was ________ into two halves during a terrible fire. A．splitting B．split C．splits D．spliting 22．When ________ the Great Wall ________? A．was; built B．did; build C．is; built D．were; built 23．________ these beautiful photos ________ by your father? A．Did; take B．Were; taken C．Are; taking D．Have; taken 24．The suspect was ________ the bank yesterday afternoon. A．saw enter B．seen to enter C．saw entered D．seen to entering 25．I was made ________ my hands before eating. A．to wash B．washing C．wash D．washed 26．Orbis’s Flying Eye Hospital Project ________ in 1982 to help people with eye problems. A．started B．was started C．starts D．is started 27．Water dispensers ________ to refrigerators in the 1980s. A．add B．added C．were added D．are added 28．The Anyang Museum in Henan Province ________ in 1958 and covers a large area. A．built B．have built C．was built D．builds 29．I waited with the old woman until she __________ home by a policewoman. A．takes B．took C．is taken D．was taken 30．When her mum was a student, everything ________ by hand on paper. A．write B．wrote C．was written D．were written 31．Computers ________ widely used when Jenny’s mum was young. A．are not B．were not C．is not D．was not 32．The height of Qomolangma ________ at 8,848.86 metres in 2020. A．measure B．measured C．was measured D．is measured 33．—Where ________ the new uniforms ________? —In a small factory in Guangzhou. A．are; made B．do; make C．did; make D．were; made 34．English ________ widely in many countries all over the world. A．speaks B．is speaking C．is spoken D．has spoken 35．Many trees and flowers ________ in our city every spring to make it beautiful. A．plant B．are planting C．are planted D．planted 36．The cute little pig figurine usually ________ out of a piece of dough in just minutes. A．shapes B．is shaped C．was shaped D．shaping 37．—When ________ the museum ________? —In 1998. A．is; built B．was; built C．will; be built D．did; build 38．Which of the following is in the passive voice? A．Lily created a chocolate sculpture.   B．A friend helped her.   C．The sculpture was admired by her family.   D．She worked under the air conditioner.   39．Traditional Chinese animation ________ heavily by Chinese paintings. A．is influenced B．influences C．influenced D．was influencing 40．UNICEF ________ in 1946 by the UN to help children in difficult situations. A．is found B．is founded C．was found D．was founded 4 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 5 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 2025-2026学年一线教师制作新教材英语同步精品系列资料，名师遴选！ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 7 Charities 重点语法：一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态精讲精练 语法知识精讲 一、核心结构对比表 时态 主动语态结构 被动语态结构 否定式 一般疑问句 例句 （主动→被动） 一般现在时 主语 + 动词原形 / 三单 am/is/are + 动词过去分词 am/is/are + not + 过去分词 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词？ We clean the room. →The room is cleaned by us. 一般过去时 主语 + 动词过去式 was/were + 动词过去分词 was/were + not + 过去分词 Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词？ He built the house. →The house was built by him. 二、be 动词用法&主语对应表 时态 主语类型 be动词 一般现在时 I am 单数名词 /it/he/she is 复数名词 /we/you/they are 一般过去时 I / 单数名词 /it/he/she was 复数名词 /we/you/they were 三、动词变过去分词规则（必考） 规则 示例 直接加 - ed work→worked；clean→cleaned 以 e 结尾加 - d close→closed；use→used 辅音 + y 结尾，变 y 为 i 加 - ed study→studied；worry→worried 重读闭音节双写尾字母加 - ed stop→stopped；drop→dropped 不规则变化（必背） do→done；make→made；see→seen；write→written；take→taken 四、重点语法考点&易错点 考点 说明 例句 by + 动作执行者 被动语态常用，可省略 English is spoken (by people) widely. 不及物动词无被动 happen、take place、appear、break out 无被动 错：The accident was happened. 对：The accident happened. 感官 / 使役动词被动还原 to make/let/have/see/watch/hear，主动省 to，被动加 to We make him work. →He is made to work. 时态区分 现在：经常性、事实；过去：过去发生 Trees are planted every year. Trees were planted last year. 语法知识精练 1．—________ the school library ________ every Friday afternoon? —Yes, it is. A．Does; clean B．Is; cleaned C．Did; clean D．Was; cleaned 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——学校图书馆每周五下午被打扫吗？——是的，它是。 Does; clean（一般现在时主动语态）；Is; cleaned（一般现在时被动语态）；Did; clean（一般过去时主动语态）；Was; cleaned（一般过去时被动语态）。根据时间状语“every Friday afternoon”可知时态为一般现在时；主语“the school library”与动词“clean”之间是被动关系，且根据答语“Yes, it is.”可知问句助动词为“Is”，应用“is + 过去分词”的被动结构，应选Is; cleaned。 2．—Who ________ the windows of our classroom? —They ________ by Li Ming every week. A．cleans; are cleaned B．is cleaned; cleans C．cleaned; were cleaned D．is cleaning; is cleaned 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——谁打扫我们教室的窗户？——它们每周由李明打扫。 cleans打扫，第三人称单数；is cleaned被打扫，一般现在时被动语态；cleaned打扫，一般过去时；were cleaned被打扫，一般过去时被动语态；is cleaning正在打扫，现在进行时。第一空：问句询问谁打扫窗户，主语“Who”为第三人称单数，且根据答语中的“every week”可知是经常性动作，应用一般现在时，谓语用第三人称单数cleans。第二空：主语“They”指代窗户，与动词“clean”之间为被动关系，结合“every week”可知用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“am/is/are+过去分词”，主语“They”为复数，be动词用are，clean的过去分词为cleaned，故填are cleaned。 3．These new books ________ to the poor areas every year to help children there. A．send B．are sent C．sent D．were sent 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这些新书每年都被送到贫困地区以帮助那里的孩子们。 根据时间状语“every year”可知，句子时态为一般现在时；主语“These new books”是动作“send”的承受者，需用被动语态（be + 过去分词）；主语为复数，be 动词用 are。故填are sent。 4．Silk ________ from the cocoons of silkworms and ________ widely used in ancient China. A．makes; is B．is made; is C．makes; was D．is made; was 【答案】D 【详解】句意：丝绸是由蚕茧制成的，并且在古代中国被广泛使用。 第一空陈述客观事实，主语Silk与make之间是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态is made；第二空，根据时间状语“in ancient China”可知，应用一般过去时，主语与use之间是被动关系，be动词用was。 5．Natural gas can ________ to make electricity and heat homes. A．use B．be used C．uses D．using 【答案】B 【详解】句意：天然气可以被用来发电和为家庭供暖。 主语Natural gas与动词use之间是被动关系，表示“被使用”。情态动词can后接动词原形，被动语态结构为“can be done”。应填be used。 6．This kind of book ________ well and ________ out quickly. A．sells; is sold B．is sold; sells C．sells; sold D．is sold; is sold 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这种书很畅销，而且很快就被售完了。 表示事物本身的属性特征（“好卖、畅销”）时，sell这类词常用主动形式表被动含义，固定用法sell well表示“卖得好”，所以第一空填sells；sell out意思是“售完”，书和“卖完”是被动关系（书被卖完），要用一般现在时的被动语态is sold。 7．Many traditional arts and crafts ________ well in our city nowadays to protect our culture. A．protect B．protected C．are protecting D．are protected 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如今为了保护我们的文化，许多传统艺术和手工艺在我们城市被保护得很好。 根据“Many traditional arts and crafts…well in our city nowadays to protect our culture.”可知，主语Many traditional arts and crafts与动词protect之间是被动关系，需用被动语态be done结构；根据nowadays可知时态为一般现在时，主语为复数，be动词用are。应填are protected。 8．Sugar making and painting skills ________ on this traditional artwork. A．are using B．have used C．was used D．are used 【答案】D 【详解】句意：制糖和绘画技艺被使用在这件传统艺术品上。 主语是Sugar making and painting skills（两种技艺），是复数，且与动词 use 之间是被动关系，表示客观事实应用一般现在时的被动语态are used。 9．English ________ in many countries around the world today. A．speak B．speaks C．is speaking D．is spoken 【答案】D 【详解】句意：如今英语在世界上许多国家被讲。 主语English是动作speak的承受者，应用被动语态，且表示客观事实用一般现在时，结构为am/is/are+过去分词。应选is spoken。 10．The rough sketch ________ by the artist first, and then it is inked. A．draw B．draws C．is drawn D．is drawing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：草图首先由艺术家画出来，然后上墨。 主语The rough sketch与动词draw之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，而 A、B、D 项均为主动语态，故排除。根据后半句"it is inked"可知，句子描述的是常规流程，用一般现在时。应选is drawn。 11．— ________ the comic books ________ by students in your school? — Yes, they love them very much. A．Do; read B．Are; read C．Are; reading D．Do; reading 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你们学校的学生读这些漫画书吗？——是的，他们非常喜欢它们。 根据“by students”可知，主语the comic books与动词read之间是被动关系，应用被动语态结构“be+动词的过去分词”。主语为复数，be动词用Are，read的过去分词仍为read。一般疑问句将Are置于句首。 12．If the film ________ with beautiful music, it will be more successful. A．combined B．combines C．is combined D．combining 【答案】C 【详解】句意：如果这部电影与优美的音乐相结合，它将会更成功。 主语“the film”与动词“combine”之间是被动关系，且if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，需用一般现在时的被动语态。应选is combined。 13．Many children with lip problems __________ by Operation Smile every year. A．help B．helped C．are helped D．is helped 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多有唇部问题的孩子每年都被“微笑行动”帮助。 根据“by Operation Smile”可知，主语Many children是动作的承受者，用被动语态，结合时间状语“every year”可知，用一般现在时的被动语态“is/am/are+过去分词”，主语为复数，be动词用are。 14．Most of the work ________ by robots in this factory. A．do B．does C．is done D．are done 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这家工厂的大部分工作是由机器人完成的。 根据空后的“by robots”可知，主语“Most of the work”与动词“do”之间是逻辑上的被动关系，即“工作被完成”，需使用被动语态（be+过去分词），排除A、B项。主语中的核心词“work”为不可数名词，当“Most of”修饰不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词应使用单数形式is。应选用is done。 15．The old man ________ well ________ by his children. A．is; taken care B．is; taken care of C．was; taken care D．was; taken care of 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这位老人被他的孩子们照顾得很好。 根据本句中的“by”，可知本句为被动语态，被动语态的结构为be done。take care of意为“照顾”，变为被动语态时，介词of不能省略，结构应为be taken care of，据此排除 A、C 选项。句子主语“The old man”是单数，且描述一般事实，用一般现在时，故填“is; taken care of”。 16．The paper cutting ________ by my grandmother yesterday afternoon. A．was making B．is made C．was made D．made 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这张剪纸昨天下午被我奶奶制作好了。 根据“by my grandmother”可知句子要用被动语态，结构为be+done；根据时间状语“yesterday afternoon”可知时态为一般过去时，be动词用 was/were。主语The paper cutting是单数，故用was made。 17．In the Tang Dynasty, beautiful paintings ________ on oil-paper umbrellas. A．draw B．are drawn C．were drawn D．were drawing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在唐朝，美丽的画作被画在油纸伞上。 根据时间状语“In the Tang Dynasty”可知句子时态为一般过去时；主语“paintings”是复数且与动词“draw”之间是被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态，结构为“were + 过去分词”。应填were drawn。 18．The charity WWF __________ to protect wild animals. A．is founded B．was founded C．founded D．found 【答案】B 【详解】句意：世界自然基金会为了保护野生动物而成立。 主语The charity WWF是动词found（建立）的承受者，需用被动语态；且成立是过去的事实，需用一般过去时。因此选was founded。 19．—When __________ the school __________? —In 1998. A．did; build B．was; built C．is; built D．were; built 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——学校是什么时候建成的？——在1998年。 did助动词，build动词原形；was built被建造，一般过去时的被动语态；is built被建造，一般现在时的被动语态；were built被建造，一般过去时的被动语态。根据答语“In 1998”可知，时态为一般过去时；主语“the school”与动词“build”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态(was/were+过去分词)；主语是单数，be动词用was。应填was；built。 20．This legendary painting ________ by a famous Chinese artist hundreds of years ago. A．paints B．is painted C．painted D．was painted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这幅传奇画作是几百年前由一位著名的中国艺术家画的。 主语This legendary painting与动词paint之间是被动关系，需用被动语态，排除A、C；根据时间状语hundreds of years ago可知时态为一般过去时，结构为was/were + 过去分词，排除B。故选D。 21．The original scroll was ________ into two halves during a terrible fire. A．splitting B．split C．splits D．spliting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这幅原始画卷在一场可怕的大火中被分成了两半。 主语是“The original scroll”，空格在was后，可知分开的动作是被动的，句子为被动语态，结构为be+过去分词，split的过去分词为split。 22．When ________ the Great Wall ________? A．was; built B．did; build C．is; built D．were; built 【答案】A 【详解】句意：长城是什么时候建成的？ 主语the Great Wall与动词build之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，句子应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were done”；主语是the Great Wall，助动词应用was，所以第一空应填was，第二空应填built。 23．________ these beautiful photos ________ by your father? A．Did; take B．Were; taken C．Are; taking D．Have; taken 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这些漂亮的照片是你父亲拍的吗？ 根据“by”可知，主语these beautiful photos与动词take之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，结合选项，第一空应填Were，第二空应填taken。 24．The suspect was ________ the bank yesterday afternoon. A．saw enter B．seen to enter C．saw entered D．seen to entering 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨天下午有人看见嫌疑人进入了银行。 根据题干“was ________ the bank”可知，主语The suspect与see之间为被动关系，see sb. do sth.“看见某人做某事”，强调看见全过程，变为被动语态时，不定式符号to要还原，应填seen to enter。 25．I was made ________ my hands before eating. A．to wash B．washing C．wash D．washed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我被要求在吃饭前洗手。 在主动语态中，“make sb. do sth.”表示“让某人做某事”，其中“do”为省略“to”的动词不定式。但在被动语态中，原本省略的“to”要还原，即“be made to do sth.”。本句中“I was made”为被动语态结构，所以后面要用“to wash”，表示“我被要求去洗手”。 26．Orbis’s Flying Eye Hospital Project ________ in 1982 to help people with eye problems. A．started B．was started C．starts D．is started 【答案】B 【详解】句意：奥比斯飞行眼科医院项目于1982年被启动，旨在帮助患有眼疾的人们。 根据“in 1982”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，排除C、D项；主语Project与动词start之间是被动关系，应用被动语态be done，应填was started。 27．Water dispensers ________ to refrigerators in the 1980s. A．add B．added C．were added D．are added 【答案】C 【详解】句意：饮水机在20世纪80年代被添加到了冰箱上。 分析句子结构，主语“Water dispensers”与动词“add”之间是被动关系，即饮水机是被添加的，需使用被动语态“be+done”。句中时间状语“in the 1980s”提示动作发生在过去特定的时间段，应用一般过去时。主语为复数名词，助动词需用were。应填were added。 28．The Anyang Museum in Henan Province ________ in 1958 and covers a large area. A．built B．have built C．was built D．builds 【答案】C 【详解】句意：河南省的安阳博物馆建于1958年，占地面积很大。 根据时间状语“in 1958”可知，句子时态为一般过去时；主语“The Anyang Museum”与动词build之间是被动关系，表示“博物馆被建造”，因此需要使用一般过去时的被动语态，结构“was/were + 过去分词”，主语为单数，be动词用was，build的过去分词为built。 29．I waited with the old woman until she __________ home by a policewoman. A．takes B．took C．is taken D．was taken 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我和那位老妇人一起等待，直到她被一名女警察送回家。 根据主句谓语动词“waited”可知句子时态为一般过去时；根据关键词“by a policewoman”可知主语“she”与动词“take”之间是被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态（was/were+动词的过去分词）。 30．When her mum was a student, everything ________ by hand on paper. A．write B．wrote C．was written D．were written 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当她妈妈还是学生的时候，所有事情都要在纸上手写完成。 根据语境可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，且“everything”和“write”之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是“was/were+过去分词”。everything是单数，所以be动词用was，write的过去分词是written，所以填was written。 31．Computers ________ widely used when Jenny’s mum was young. A．are not B．were not C．is not D．was not 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当珍妮的妈妈年轻时，电脑还没有被广泛使用。 are not一般现在时的复数形式；were not一般过去时的复数形式；is not一般现在时的单数形式；was not一般过去时的单数形式。句中时间状语“when Jenny’s mum was young”提示动作发生在过去，主句需用一般过去时，主语Computers是复数名词，因此be动词要用复数过去式were。 32．The height of Qomolangma ________ at 8,848.86 metres in 2020. A．measure B．measured C．was measured D．is measured 【答案】C 【详解】句意：2020年，珠穆朗玛峰的高度被测量为8848.86米。 主语“The height of Qomolangma”与动词“measure”之间是被动关系，且时间状语“in 2020”表示过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态，应填was measured。 33．—Where ________ the new uniforms ________? —In a small factory in Guangzhou. A．are; made B．do; make C．did; make D．were; made 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——新制服是在哪里制造的？——在广州的一家小工厂里。 主语the new uniforms与动词make之间是被动关系，应用被动语态be+done结构，排除B和C选项。询问产品的产地通常陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是复数，be动词用are。 34．English ________ widely in many countries all over the world. A．speaks B．is speaking C．is spoken D．has spoken 【答案】C 【详解】句意：英语在全世界许多国家被广泛讲。 根据“English…widely in many countries all over the world.”可知，主语“English”与动词“speak”之间是被动关系，且描述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态。应填is spoken。 35．Many trees and flowers ________ in our city every spring to make it beautiful. A．plant B．are planting C．are planted D．planted 【答案】C 【详解】句意：每年春天在我们的城市许多树和花被种植以使城市美丽。 根据时间状语“every spring”可知，句子时态为一般现在时；主语“Many trees and flowers”是动作“plant”的承受者，需用被动语态：be+done结构。主语为复数，be动词用are。应填are planted。 36．The cute little pig figurine usually ________ out of a piece of dough in just minutes. A．shapes B．is shaped C．was shaped D．shaping 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个可爱的小猪雕像通常就在几分钟内就由一块面团被塑造出来。 shapes塑造，动词第三人称单数形式；is shaped被塑造，一般现在时的被动语态；was shaped被塑造，一般过去时的被动语态；shaping塑造，现在分词/动名词。根据“The cute little pig figurine usually…out of a piece of dough in just minutes.”可知，主语figurine与动词之间是被动关系，usually提示时态为一般现在时，需用一般现在时的被动语态。应填is shaped。 37．—When ________ the museum ________? —In 1998. A．is; built B．was; built C．will; be built D．did; build 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这座博物馆是什么时候建成的？——1998年。 主语“the museum”与动词“build”之间是被动关系，且时间状语“In 1998”表示过去的时间，因此要用一般过去时的被动语态“was built”。 38．Which of the following is in the passive voice? A．Lily created a chocolate sculpture.   B．A friend helped her.   C．The sculpture was admired by her family.   D．She worked under the air conditioner.   【答案】C 【详解】句意：下列哪一项是被动语态？ Lily created a chocolate sculpture.是主动语态；A friend helped her.是主动语态；The sculpture was admired by her family.是被动语态；She worked under the air conditioner.是主动语态。被动语态的基本结构是“be + 过去分词”，只有C选项中有“was admired”，符合被动结构。 39．Traditional Chinese animation ________ heavily by Chinese paintings. A．is influenced B．influences C．influenced D．was influencing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：中国传统动画深受中国画的影响。 主语Traditional Chinese animation与动词influence之间是被动关系，且句中有介词 by 提示，应用被动语态结构“be+过去分词”。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语是单数，be动词用is。应填is influenced。 40．UNICEF ________ in 1946 by the UN to help children in difficult situations. A．is found B．is founded C．was found D．was founded 【答案】D 【详解】句意：联合国儿童基金会于1946年由联合国成立，以帮助处于困境中的儿童。 根据时间状语“in 1946”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，根据“by the UN”可知句子语态为被动语态，结合句意可知是“被建立”。 2 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 1 同步新教材，周周有练习，月月有重点！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $