Unit 6 Crossing Cultures SectionA(Grammar Focus) 课件 2025-2026学年人教版八年级英语下册

该初中英语课件聚焦-ing/-ed形容词辨析及so...that、unless、as soon as引导的从句，以International Chinese Language Day为主题导入，结合跨文化礼仪情境，通过观察例句总结规则，经填空、句子合并等练习，在文化短文中应用，构建从理解到运用的学习支架。 其亮点是语法学习与跨文化情境深度融合，如用日本进屋脱鞋、肯尼亚迟到习俗等案例作语境，提升语言能力，培养文化意识。对比德国与秘鲁个人空间差异，引导尊重文化多样性，练习题含中考题，学生能在真实语境中掌握语法，教师可直接用于教学，提高效率。

Crossing Cultures UNIT 6 Grammar Focus 学习目标 1 2 3 能在一定语境中准确运用so...that、unless、as soon as以及以-ed/-ing结尾的形容词。 能通过观察例句，理解so...that、unless、as soon as等连接词的语义及用法差异；能辨析surprised/surprising等以-ed/-ing结尾的形容词的修饰对象差异。 能感知不同国家的文化礼仪差异，树立尊重文化多样性的意识，提升跨文化交际能力。 Read some examples and find the rules of -ing and -ed adjectives. -ing -ed The ending of the movie was surprising. Studying English is interesting. Jim’s improper table manners were embarrassing. The novel tells a confusing story. I was surprised at the movie’s ending. I am interested in studying English. Jim felt embarrassed about his improper table manners. I got confused trying to make sense of the story. 规则：1. 形容词后缀-ing意为_______, 通常用来描述____的属性或特性，有时也可用来表述人的特性。 2. 形容词后缀-ed意味__________________, 一般用来描述___的感受或情绪。 “......的” 事物 “使（人）感到...的” 人 He is a boring person. 这个人很无趣（让人感到无聊） She is interesting. 她很有趣（让人感到有趣） Read and say 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. The instructions were __________. I felt very __________. (confuse) 2. It’s __________ to work with such an old computer. The slow speed makes me _________. (frustrate) 3. It was a very _________ meal. The chef felt ________ with his work. (satisfy) 4. She told an ___________ story about her childhood. We were all __________ for her. (embarrass) 5. After the long hike, we felt completely ________(tiring / tired). 6. The little boy was _________(surprising / surprised) by the birthday party. confusing confused frustrating frustrated satisfying satisfied embarrassing embarrassed tired surprised Read the sentences and think about the questions. Time is so valuable that we must use it wisely. He ran so quickly that nobody could catch up with him. That’s so formal that we don’t do it these days. Don’t call him unless it is necessary. I won’t go to the party unless I am invited. Unless you try your best,you’ll never know what you can achieve. Bring a small gift, but don’t bring food unless the host asks you to. We’ll be late unless we get a taxi. The boy ran to his mother as soon as he saw her. I’ll visit you as soon as I get to Beijing. In Japan, we bow as soon as we meet a teacher. As soon as it stops raining,we’ll go out to work again. 1. 这些连接词分别表示什么逻辑关系？ 2. 在so...that句式中，so后面的词一般是什么词性？ 3. unless引导的条件状语从句与if从句有什么区别？ 4. 在as soon as 引导的时间状语从句中，表示将来意义时一般用什么时态？ Read and think 1.so... that... 引导结果状语从句,表示 “如此……以至于……”的逻辑关系。它强调主句中的某种程度或状态导致了一个明确的结果。 结构： so + 形容词/ 副词 + that 结果状语从句。 The movie was boring so that half of the audience was asleep. 这部电影太无聊了，所以一半的观众都睡着了。 · The math problem is so difficult that no one can solve it. 这道数学题如此难，以至于没人能解出来。 · He ran so fast that I couldn’t catch up. 他跑得如此快，以至于我追不上。 2.so that还可引导结果状语从句,意为"因此,所以"。从句谓语中通常不含情态动词。 一、so...that...引导的结果状语从句 I gave you a map so that (=in order that) you wouldn't get lost. I hope to bring erhu to the world so that more people can learn about traditional Chinese music. so... that... 如此......以至于...... that引导结果状语从句 so that 为了，以便 so that引导目的状语从句 从句含有情态动词 so that 因此，所以 so that引导结果状语从句 从句含无情态动词 3.so that意为"为了，以便"，引导目的状语从句，一般放在主句后, 且不用逗号隔开,相当于 in order that, 从句谓语中多含有can, could, may, might等情态动词。 The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it. = The box is too heavy for me to carry. = The box isn’t light enough for me to carry. The girl is so short that she can't reach the top. = The girl is too short to reach the top. = The girl is not tall enough to reach the top. He is so tall that he can reach the book on the shelf. 易错点：so 后不能加名词；名词要用 such…that 4.so…that 可和 too…to…/enough to… 互相转换（从句为否定句时常用） 5.辨析：so... that... 与 such... that... so... that... so + 形容词/ 副词 + that such... that... such + 名词 + that The greeting is so polite that everyone likes it. Water is such an important substance that we cannot live without it. 拓展:当so位于句首时，主句需部分倒装。 So angry was she that she left without a word. 注意：当名词前有many, much, few, little （表示“多多少少”的形容词时）， 要用so... that ...的结构。 so + many / much / few / little  + 名词 + that 从句 There are so many apples that I can't eat them all.苹果大多了,我吃不完。 【小结】so…that…与such…that…的区别 so…that… ① so + adj./ adv. + that 从句 ② so + adj.+ a/an + 可数名词单数 + that从句 ③ so many/few + 可数名词复数 + that从句 ④ so much/little（少）+ 不可数名词 + that从句 such…that… ① such a/an + adj. + 可数名词单数 + that从句 ② such + adj. + 可数名词复数 + that从句 ③ such + adj. + 不可数名词 + that 从句 用so/such…that填空，注意结构规范 1. The party is _______ interesting _______ everyone is happy.（so/such） 2. It’s _______ a polite greeting _______ we all reply to it.（so/such） 3. She speaks _______ softly _______ no one can hear her.（so/such） 4. They have _______ much food _______ we can’t finish it.（so/such） so that such that so that so that Bring a small gift, but don’t bring food unless the host asks you to. Don’t call him unless it is necessary. I won’t go to the party unless I am invited. Unless you try your best,you’ll never know what you can achieve. 语法结构 意义及用法 unless 1. unless 意为____________________, 引导_____状语从句, 相当于if...not e.g.: You won’t succeed unless you work hard. = You won’t succeed if you don’t work hard. 如果不...；除非... 条件 2. unless引导的从句可放主句前或主句后 基本结构：主句 + unless + 条件状语从句 Unless + 条件状语从句， 主句 二、unless引导的条件状语从句 语法结构 意义及用法 unless 3. 主将从现： 主句是将来时，unless引导的从句用一般现在时表将来。 e.g.: I won’t go unless he invites me. I won’t go unless he will invite me. √ × 4. unless 已经包含否定意思，从句内部不要再加not 用unless合并或改写句子： 1. You don’t study hard. You will fail the exam. 2. If it doesn’t stop raining, we won’t go out. e.g.: Unless you hurry, you’ll be late. Unless you don’t hurry, you’ll be late. √ × You will fail the exam unless you study hard. Unless it stops raining, we won’t go out. In Japan, we bow as soon as we meet a teacher. The boy ran to his mother as soon as he saw her. I’ll visit you as soon as I get to Beijing. As soon as it stops raining,we’ll go out to work again 语法结构 意义及用法 as soon as 1. as soon as意为___________, 引导_____状语从句，表示两个动作在时间上紧密相连，几乎同时发生。 一...就... 时间 2. as soon as引导的从句可放主句前或主句后 基本结构：主句 + as soon as + 时间状语从句 As soon as + 时间状语从句，主句 三、as soon as引导的时间状语从句 语法结构 意义及用法 as soon as 3. 主将从现：主句是将来时，as soon as引导的从句用一般现在时表将来。 As soon as he arrives there, I’ll show him around the city . 4.主祈从现 Call him as soon as he comes back。 5.主情从现 You must call him as soon as he comes back. 6.主过从过：主句如果是过去时，从句也用过去时 As soon as I entered the room, I knew something was wrong. 7.as soon as one can意为“尽快”，=as soon as possible。 We’ll start as soon as we can. = We’ll start as soon as possible. 4a Combine the sentences using the words in brackets. 1. Türkiye: People don’t kiss one another on the cheek. They can do so if they are good friends. (unless) In Türkiye, people don’t kiss one another on the cheek unless they are good friends._______________________________________________________ 2. Japan: Take off your shoes. You do this when you enter someone’s home. (as soon as) _______________________________________________________________ 3. Kenya: Being late is very common. You should be patient and not expect people to be on time. (so ... that) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In Japan, you should take off your shoes as soon as you enter someone’s home. In Kenya, being late is so common that you should be patient and not expect people to be on time. 脱掉；（飞机）起飞 进入 迟到 be late for (doing) sth. be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心 expect (sb.) to do sth. 期待(某人)做某事 4. China: Sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is very rude. You should avoid it. (so ... that) _______________________________________________________________ 5. Mexico: Don’t use someone’s first name if you don’t know him or her well. You can use it if the person invites you to do so. (unless) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In China, sticking chopsticks into a bowl of rice is so rude that you should avoid it. In Mexico, don’t use someone’s first name unless you know him or her well. In Mexico, don’t use someone’s first name unless the person invites you to do so. stick ... into... 把......插进 be rude to sb. 对某人粗鲁 avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 Complete the passage with the words in the box. Can you tell where the writer is from? 4c surprising surprised interesting interested so… that as soon as unless Do you know what culture shock is? You may feel it when you experience a new culture, because the new culture is _________ different from your own ________ you feel ___________. For example, I experienced this __________ I got off the plane in Peru last year. People were standing on my right and left, even though there was plenty of space on the bus! That was really _________ to me. In Germany, people usually like more personal space, and we don’t stand close to someone ________we know them very well. But once I was used to it, I became more curious and ___________ in learning about the culture there. It’s so___________ to discover cultural differences like this! so that surprised as soon as surprising unless interested interesting culture shock 文化冲击 different from 与....不同 even though 即使; 虽然 get off 下车；下飞机 close to 靠近 be used to 习惯于 Can you tell where the writer is from? 4c Do you know what culture shock is? You may feel it when you experience a new culture, because the new culture is so different from your own that you feel surprised. For example, I experienced this as soon as I got off the plane in Peru last year. People were standing on my right and left, even though there was plenty of space on the bus! That was really surprising to me. In Germany, people usually like more personal space, and we don’t stand close to someone unless we know them very well. But once I was used to it, I became more curious and interested in learning about the culture there. It’s so interesting to discover cultural differences like this Q1: Where is the writer from? How do you know? Q2: Why did the writer feel surprised in Peru? Germany. (mentions personal space and knowing someone well to stand close) People stood very close even with space available. Presentation Discuss the following question. How does the author talk about his/her culture shock? Definition of culture shock Personal example (Peru) Cultural contrast (Germany vs. Peru) s Change in attitude Discuss and say 1. But once I was used to it, I became more curious and interested in learning about the culture there. 但一旦习惯了这种情况，我就变得 更加好奇，并对学习那里的文化感兴趣。 be/get used to 习惯于 to在此处为介词，其后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。 e.g. You will soon be/get used to the weather here. 你很快就会适应这里的天气。 The old people are used to ________ daily things around the neighborhood. 老人们习惯在小区附近购买日常用品。（岳阳中考） 辨析： be/get used to (doing) sth. 习惯于（做）某事 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 be used to do sth./for doing sth. 被用于做某事 buying Language points 1. But once I was used to it, I became more curious and interested in learning about the culture there. 但一旦习惯了这种情况，我就变得 更加好奇，并对学习那里的文化感兴趣。 e.g. Mr Johnson is/gets used to eating with chopsticks. 约翰逊先生习惯了用筷子吃东西。 He used to go to sleep at 9 o'clock in the evening． 他过去常常在晚上9点钟睡觉。 The knife can be used to cut fruit ( = for cutting fruit). 这把刀可以用来切水果。 练习：（达州中考）The teachers used to ______ key points on the blackboard, but now they are getting used to ______ them through PPTs. A. write; showing B. writing; show C. write; show A Language points 2. It's so interesting to discover cultural differences like this！ 发现这样的文化差异真是太有趣了！ cultural adj.与文化有关的；文化的 由“culture (n.文化) 去e + -al（形容词后缀）”构成。 e.g. They share the same cultural background. 他们有着相同的文化背景。 In our culture, it is rude to ask someone how much they earn. 在我们的文化里，问别人收入多少是不礼貌的。 练习：1) This small town is famous for its ___________ (culture) activities during the summer. 2) Sometimes, totally different __________ (culture) have similar dishes. cultural cultures Language points 挑战一：用unless、as soon ns 或so...that填空。 1. You'll never know what is possible __________ you try to make it happen. 2.（绥化中考改编）The big stone is _______ heavy _______ I can't carry it alone. 3.（泰州中考改编）It is impossible to finish the difficult task in such a short time on my own ________ both of us work together. 4. She stopped talking ____________ her mother came into the room. 5.（常州中考）Practice is very important. You will forget the new words ________ you often use them. unless so that unless as soon as unless 挑战二：单项选择。 9. —Could you please help me give the book back to Susan? —Sure. I will do that ______ I see her this afternoon. A. as soon as B. as many as C. as much as D. as good us 10.（自贡中考）We can go swimming ______ our parents are with us. A. if B. when C. unless 11.（乐山中考）—What's your plan for the summer holiday? —I’ll go to Chengdu as soon as the school term ______. A. end B. ends C.will end 12. David is ______ creative ______ he always comes up with new ideas. A. enough; to B. too; to C. such; that D. so; that 13.（云南中考）______ he heard the little girl crying for help outside, he rushed out of the room. A. As soon as B. Unless C. If D. Although A C B D A 挑战三： 按括号内的要求完成下列各题。 1. You will win the singing competition. You will get a prize. (用if合并为含有条件状语从句的复合句) If ______________________________________________. 2. Rita won't wear her sweater. Rita will feel cold. (用if合并为含有条件状语从句的复合句) Rita __________________________________________. 3. Your parents won't know your ideas. You will talk with your parents. (用unless合并为含有条件状语从句的复合句) Unless _______________________________________________. you win the singing competition, you will get a prize     will feel cold if she doesn't wear her sweater   you talk with your parents, they won't know your ideas   4. I will be too busy tomorrow. I will visit my aunt. (用unless合并为含有条件状语从句的复合句) I ____________________________________________. 5. We won't do our work well unless we are very careful. (改为同义句) We won't do our work well _____________________________. 6. The game is very interesting. I am interested in it.（合并为一句） will visit my aunt unless I am too busy tomorrow if we are not very careful   The game is so interesting that I am interested in it. 7. He is tired. The work is tiring.（用 so…that 改写） 8.He worked ________ hard ________ he passed the exams. (补全句子) 9.She is so lovely that we all like her. (补全同义句) = She is ____ ______ ____ ____ ____ we all like her. so that so lovely a girl that The work is so tiring that he is tired. $