Unit 7 Section A 4a～4d Grammar Focus 课件 2025～2026学年 人教版 八年级英语 下册

该初中英语课件聚焦现在完成时的用法、标志词及与一般过去时的区别，通过学生读书报告（如《小王子》）和对话实例（“Have you ever read...?”）导入，从已学的读书报告写作过渡到语法学习，以表格归纳、练习巩固、小组讨论为支架构建知识脉络。 其亮点在于融合文化意识（引入中外经典文学感知多样性）、思维品质（对比表格分析时态区别，评价推荐书籍培养逻辑思维）和学习能力（采访活动、阅读护照任务促进合作与自主学习）。通过情境交际和任务型学习，学生提升语言运用与文化理解，教师获得系统的教学资源和活动设计支持。

备课人：颜老师 UNIT 7 A Good Read 4a~4d Grammar Focus Section A What great books have you read? Learning Aims 语言能力 文化意识 思维品质 学习能力 • 能正确使用现在完成时的陈述句、否定句和疑问句（如 Have you ever read...? I have already read...）与他人交流个人的阅读经历和计划。 • 能在语境中识别并运用 already, yet, just, ever, never, so far, recently 等标志词，区分现在完成时与一般过去时的不同表意功能。 • 通过了解不同国家的书籍和经典文学作品（如中国四大名著、外国童话等），初步感知世界文化的多样性与共通性。 • 能够理解和欣赏不同文化背景下人们对阅读价值的共同追求，形成尊重多元文化的态度。 • 能够在比较现在完成时与一般过去时的过程中，分析和归纳两种时态的不同使用场景及表意功能。 • 能够从作者、类型、主要人物、情节等角度有条理地评价和推荐一本书，培养逻辑性、批判性和创造性思维。 • 能够主动运用现在完成时采访同伴并记录结果，在真实交际中合作学习。 • 能够自主选择感兴趣的课外书籍，运用课堂所学句型和结构进行真实阅读分享，逐步养成终身阅读的习惯。 Revision Check some students’ book reports. The Little Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry is a philosophical fairy tale. A little prince travels from his tiny planet and learns from a fox that important things can only be seen with the heart. I like the prince for his kindness and simple questions. This touching story made me think about love and friendship. We have learnt how to write book report? So have you read/ heared of more books resently? —Have you decided on a book for your report? — Yes, I have heard of this book lately. —Have you ever read/ heared of this book? —Yes, I have already read this book. —Have you read/ heared of this book yet? —No, I haven't. But I have already borrowed it from the library. — Have you read/ heared of this book? — Yes, I have just heard of this book. —What have you read recently? — I’ve just finished My Childhood. —Have you read/ heared of this book? — No, I have never read this book. Presentation Read and sentences in the table and learn the present perfect. ♦What structure of the present perfect? ♦When do we use the present perfect? ♦What key words of the present prfect? ♦The present perfect forms of the verbs. Presentation ♦What structure of the present perfect? 一、单项选择。 ♦—_______ you ever _______ to the Great Wall? —No, never. A. Have; been B. Has; been C. Have; gone D. Has; gone ♦He _______ his homework yet. He is still working on it. A. have finished B. hasn’t finished C. haven‘t finished D. finished ♦—_______ she _______ the book? —Yes, she has. A. Have; read B. Has; read C. Does; read D. Did; read 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 ♦I ______________ (finish) my report already. ♦They ______________ (not see) the film yet. ♦________ you ever ________ (eat) Indian food? have finished haven’t seen Have eaten Presentation ♦What structure of the present perfect? 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 特殊疑问句 主语 + have/has + done I have finished my homework. 主语 + have/has + not + done She hasn‘t read the book yet. Have/Has + 主语 + done? Have you seen the movie? 疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + done? What have you done? ♦The present perfect forms of the verbs. 动词的过去分词 Presentation 规则变化 动词的过去分词与过去式形式相同，一般以 -ed结尾 ♦The present perfect forms of the verbs. 动词的过去分词 不规则动词的过去分词没有统一规律，需单独记忆。 不规则变化 A-A-A cut - cut - cut let - let - let ____________ A-B-A come - came - come run - ran - run ____________ A-B-B buy-bought-bought read-read-read ____________ A-B-C go-went-gone see-saw-seen ____________ do-did-done have-had-had ____________ be-was/were-been eat-ate-eaten ____________ 注意积累！ Practice ♦The present perfect forms of the verbs. 动词的过去分词 A-A-A A-B-A A-B-B A-B-C hit cost set become run come buy sell keep speak give know Presentation ♦When do we use the present perfect? Read the sentences and find out the meaning of the present perfect. • — Have you had your lunch yet? — Yes, I have. I’ve just had it. • I have lost my pen. • I have already watched the TV play. • He has just come back from Beijing. • Have you ever been to Shanghai? • I have never traveled by the plane before. • She has been a teacher since two years ago. • I have been in Beijing for two years. 表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响。 表示动作或状态从过去已经开始，持续到现在，也许还要持续下去。表示此意义时要用延续性动词 下一单元学习 Practice ♦When do we use the present perfect? Complete the sentences below and pay attention to the words in blue. • I__________ (lose) my key already. I can't open the door now. • She __________ (finish) her homework already. She is watching TV now. • —______ you ever ______ (see) the film The Wandering Earth? —Yes, it's wonderful. • He _____________ (not return) the book to the library yet, so he has to pay a fine. • The train __________ (leave) just. We have to wait for the next one. • My mother __________ (buy) a new computer for me recently. Look! It's on my desk. • They __________ (clean) the classroom so far, and it looks very tidy now. • The little boy ___________ (just/fall) off his bike and hurt his leg. He is crying. • I __________ (have) my breakfast already. I don't feel hungry now. • The police __________ (find) the lost child recently. His parents are very happy. have lost has finished Have seen hasn't returned has left has bought has just fallen have cleaned have had have found ♦What key words of the present prfect? Presentation Complete the sentences below and pay attention to the words in blue. 常见的时间状语副词： already yet just before ever never so far recently 迄今为止 已经（肯定句） 曾经 最近 尚；已经（否；疑） 从不 刚刚 以前 ♦What key words of the present prfect? Practice Complete the sentences with the words in brackets. • 我还没有打扫房间，所以看起来很乱。 I _______________ (clean)my room so far, so it looks very messy. • 我以前从没看过这么有趣的电影，所以很想再看一遍。 I _________________ (never, see) such an interesting movie before, so I want to see it again. •你曾经丢过钥匙吗？现在进不去门了吧？ ______ you ___________ (ever, lose)your keys? You can't get into the door now, can you? • 他从来没有按时完成作业，所以老师总是批评他。 He ________________ (never, finish) his homework on time, so the teacher always criticizes him. haven't cleaned have never seen Have ever lost has never finished ♦What key words of the present prfect? Practice Complete the sentences with the words in brackets. • 我已经看过这部电影了，不想再看一遍。 I _______________ (already, see)this movie, so I don't want to see it again. • 她刚刚丢了钱包，现在很着急。 She ___________ (just, lose) her wallet. She is very worried now. • 你吃午饭了吗？我们一起去吧。 _______ you _______ (have)your lunch yet? Let's go together. • 老师已经解释了这道题，我现在明白了。 The teacher ____________________(recently, explain) the problem, so I understand it now. have already seen has just lost Have had has recently explained ♦What key words of the present prfect? Practice 1. A: Have you ________ heard of the book The Little Prince? B: No, I’ve ________ heard of it. A: I’ve ________ finished reading it. It’s such a simple story, but you can learn a lot from it! 2. A: Have you chosen a book for your book report ________? B: Yes, I’ve chosen The Little Match Girl. It’s such a sad story, but I love it. I’ve ___________ started writing my report. 3. A: I’ve ________ read a classic novel before. Could you recommend one? B: Well, I’ve ________ finished Outlaws of the Marsh. It’s really good! A: Oh, thanks! Could I borrow it? B: Sure Complete the conversations in 4b with ever, never, just, already, or yet. ever never already yet just/ already never just We have learnt the present perfect and the simple past. So what’s the difference of them in usage. Dicussion Discuss the difference of the present perfect and the simple past in groups. 对比项目 the simple past the present perfect 强调重点 时间状语 问句形式 动词形式 例句 强调过去某个时间发生的动作或状态，与现在无关 强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或动作延续到现在 明确的过去时间：yesterday, last week, in 2020, two days ago, just now 不明确的时间或与现在相关：already, yet, just, ever, never, so far, recently, for + 时间段, since + 时间点 When did you...? What did you do...? Have you ever...? How long have you...? 动词过去式 (did) have/has + 过去分词 (done) I saw the movie yesterday. I have seen the movie. Presentation The difference of the present perfect and the simple past. 判断句子时态 ♦是否有明确过去时间？ 1. He _______ Beijing last summer. (visit) 2. He ___________ Beijing before. (visit) visited has visited 一般过去时：句中常有 yesterday, last night, in 1998, three days ago, just now 等。 现在完成时：不能与明确的过去时间连用，但可与 already, yet, just, ever, never, so far, recently, before 等连用。 Presentation The difference of the present perfect and the simple past. 判断句子时态 ♦是否强调对现在的影响？ 3. I _____ my pen. (lose) 4. I _________ my pen. (lose) lost have lost • 只说明丢了，可能后来找到了。 • 一般过去时：只陈述过去事实，不关心现在。 • 说明现在仍然没有笔，没法写字。 • 现在完成时：强调过去动作对现在的影响（结果或后果）。 Presentation The difference of the present perfect and the simple past. 判断句子时态 ♦动作是否可能延续到现在？ 5. She _____ in Shanghai for 5 years.(live) 6. She _________ in Shanghai for 5 years. (live) lived has lived • 现在不住上海了。 • 一般过去时：动作已结束，与现在无关。 • 到现在仍住上海。 • 现在完成时：动作可能延续到现在（尤其与 for/since 连用）。 Practice The difference of the present perfect and the simple past. Please write down the true meaning of the sentences below. • I did my homework an hour ago. • I have done my homework. • He went to Japan last year. • He has gone to Japan. • We saw that film on Friday. • We have seen that film. • Tom lost his key yesterday. • Tom has lost his key. _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ _____________________________ 一小时前做完，现在可能已经忘了 作业已完成，现在可以玩了 去年去了，现在可能回来了 人去了日本，现在不在说话地 周五看了 知道剧情，不想再看 现在还没找到，进不去门 昨天丢的，后来可能找到了 Practice The difference of the present perfect and the simple past. Complete the sentences with the words in brackets. 1. I __________ (read) this book last week, but I ______________ (not finish) it yet. 2. — __________ you __________ (see) the new movie recently? — No, I __________ (see) it two days ago. 3. My brother __________ (join) the army in 2018. He __________ (be) a soldier for six years. 4. She __________ (lose) her phone yesterday, and she __________ (not find) it so far. 5. The train __________ (leave) just now. We __________ (miss) it. read haven’t finished Have seen saw joined has been lost hasn’t found left have missed Practice The difference of the present perfect and the simple past. Complete the passage IN 4C with the simple past or present perfect forms of the verbs in brackets. _______ you ever _______ (try) to read books from different countries? At the start of this year, I _______ (decide) to read books from as many countries as possible. I _______ (begin) with The Adventures of Tom Sawyer. Now I ______ already _______ (read) twenty different books. These books ___________ (teach) me a lot about other cultures and societies, and they ___________ (allow) me to see the world differently. In the past, I only _______ (know) the names of different countries, but now I understand them a little bit better. This experience has been amazing so far. I never _______ (realize) how big our world really is! Have tried decided began read has tought have allowed knew realized have 一般过去时： 只表示过去发生的，与现在无关； 现在完成时： 过去发生的，但对现在有影响。 Production Interview your classmates and find out who has done these activities. • read all four Chinese literary classics • watched a movie based on a novel • read a book in a different language • read a book more than twice • read a book with more than 500 pages • joined a reading club • Have you ever ...? • Have you ... yet? • Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. • Who has ...? • ... has... key sentences • ... has done ... Lily has read a book with more than 500 pages. • ... hasn't done ... yet. Mike hasn't joined a reading club yet. record words Production After interviewing, share your report with other. In our group, Tom has read all four Chinese classics and a 500-page book. Lucy has watched a movie based on a novel and read a book more than twice. Mike has read a book in a different language and joined a reading club. Alice has read a long book, watched a movie adaptation, and re-read a book twice. None of us has done all six activities, but we have all enjoyed reading. Assignment 我的阅读护照 要求： 设计一张 A4 大小的“阅读护照”，至少包含以下内容： • 我至今已经读过的 3 本书（用现在完成时写出书名和读过的感受，例：I have read The Little Prince. It taught me about friendship.） • 我 从未尝试过但最想读 的一种书（如科幻、侦探、英文原版等，用现在完成时的否定句或疑问句表达） • 为护照设计一个独特的封面和书名，并给一位同学写一句推荐语。 开放性体现： 形式、排版、装饰、用色、字体完全由学生自主决定，甚至可以加入手绘插图、贴纸等。 “我读·我思”读书卡 要求： 选择一本你 本学期已经读完的 课外书，制作一套读书卡片（至少 3 张），每张卡片写一个方面的内容： • 卡片1：基本信息（书名、作者、类型、页数）—— 用现在完成时写出你何时开始读、何时读完或读了多少。 • 卡片2：书中一个让你印象深刻的情节或人物 —— 用现在完成时写出它对你的影响（This part has made me realize...） • 卡片3：你会把这本书推荐给谁？为什么？ 开放性体现： 卡片尺寸、材质（纸质/电子）、字体、排版、是否配图完全自由；可以做成手绘卡、PPT单页、Canva设计图或照片集。 Thank you! $