Unit 5【刷易错】（模块易错综合练）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元模块满分必刷题（新教材外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦自然主题，整合单元核心词汇与语法，通过多样化题型强化语言运用与思维品质 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|15题|考查冠词、名词、形容词等基础语法|单元核心词汇与语法点的直接应用| |完形填空|10题|青藏高原天气语篇，上下文理解|自然现象描述中的语境词汇匹配| |阅读理解|3篇|病例、达芬奇传记、天气预报历史，覆盖应用文与说明文|自然相关话题的信息获取与推理| |单词拼写|10题|自然保护词汇（如danger, discover）|单元主题词汇的拼写与语境运用| |完成句子|5题|自然保护、物种研究等主题翻译|主题句型的结构与词汇准确表达| |短文填空|10题|张掖地质公园说明文，语法填空|自然景观描述中的语法结构运用| |书面表达|1题|自然探索者故事写作|结合图片要素的连贯叙事，体现勇气与坚持|

2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元模块满分必刷题（新教材外研版） Unit 5 Looking into nature【刷易错】(模块易错综合练) 时间：60分钟 满分：100分 一、单项选择(每小题1分，共15分) 1．On the way to school, I had ________ argument with my brother. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．We should try our best to protect the ________ because it’s our home. A．environment B．competition C．communication D．development 3．—Is water very important in our daily life?      —Yes. All ________ things need water to keep ________. A．alive；living B．alive；lively C．living；alive D．lively；alive 4．The scientist has spent many years ________ the habits of wild animals. A．study B．to study C．studied D．studying 5．You ________ pick flowers in the park. It’s against the rules. A．mustn’t B．can C．may D．needn’t 6．My teacher told me that the moon ________ around the earth. A．go B．goes C．went D．is going 7．—What do you usually do in your free time? —I often go to the zoo to ________ the animals. A．look for B．look at C．look after D．look up 8．I was taking photos ________ I saw a rare bird. A．when B．while C．before D．after 9．This forest is much ________ than that one. A．quiet B．quieter C．quietest D．more quieter 10．I stopped ________ because I heard a strange sound. A．walk B．walking C．to walk D．walked 11．My good friend Frank ________ ride his bike to school, but now he ________ walking there. A．be used to; used to B．gets used to; be used to C．used to; gets used to D．used to; used to 12．—The bike is so cool! How much is it? —________ yuan. A．Two hundred B．Two hundreds C．Hundreds of D．Hundred of 13．I’m ________ in the ________ movie Monster Hunt Ⅱ. A．interested; interested B．interesting; interesting C．interesting; interested D．interested; interesting 14．—This schoolbag is full ________books. Are they yours,Alice? —No, they belong ________ Mike. A．about; to B．with; for C．of; to D．of; for 15．—Could you tell me ________? —Sure, it’s about how Chinese people celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival. A．what the article is about B．what is the article about C．what was the article about D．what the article was about 二、完形填空(每小题1分，共10分) What’s the weather like in summer in your hometown? Is it very hot? Then you can go to the Qinghai­ Tibet Plateau (青藏高原) to have a 16 holiday. The weather in Qinghai 17 a lot. You can experience “four seasons” in just one day. What would it be like? Let’s have a look. The Qinghai­ Tibet Plateau is at a(n) 18 altitude (海拔). In the early morning, it’s cool. There is a breeze (微风). After the sunrise, it becomes 19 , like spring. It’s a good time to take a walk. At noon, it’s sunny and hot. You might feel like it’s 20 . The 21 is so strong that you might want to wear sunglasses. Sometimes, it rains. However, the rain doesn’t last long. If you are 22 enough, you might see rainbows. In the 23 , the temperature (温度) goes down quickly after sunset. It’s cool, just like in autumn. But later at night, it gets cold, like in winter. People usually go to 24 with a thick quilt (被子). The 25 season is from June to September each year. It often rains at night. 16．A．hot B．strange C．wonderful D．busy 17．A．comes B．falls C．rises D．changes 18．A．low B．high C．normal D．interesting 19．A．warmer B．cooler C．hotter D．colder 20．A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter 21．A．weather B．wind C．sunshine D．rain 22．A．strong B．happy C．tired D．lucky 23．A．morning B．afternoon C．evening D．noon 24．A．bed B．work C．class D．hospital 25．A．rainy B．snowy C．windy D．cloudy 三、阅读理解(每小题2分，共30分) A Jim was ill yesterday. His father took him to the hospital by bus. The following is the medical record (病例) written by the doctor. MEDICAL RECORD Name: Jim Age: 15 years old Time: 8:00 a.m., 20 April Illness: Stomachache He ate two ice creams after dinner yesterday and then he had a stomachache. Advice: • Take two pills each time, twice a day. • Drink lots of water and don’t eat anything cold. • Stay in bed for two days. Doctor: Li Ming 20 April 2026 26．What’s wrong with Jim? A． B． C． D． 27．How did Jim go to the hospital? A．By car. B．By bus. C．By taxi. D．By bike. 28．How old is Jim? A．He is twelve years old. B．He is thirteen years old. C．He is fourteen years old. D．He is fifteen years old. 29．How many pills does Jim need to take every day? A．Two pills. B．Three pills. C．Four pills. D．Five pills. 30．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage? A．Jim had a stomachache before dinner. B．His father took him to the hospital. C．The doctor gave him three pieces of advice. D．Jim shouldn’t eat anything cold. B Leonardo da Vinci is one of the greatest minds in history. He was born in 1452. From childhood, he dreamed of understanding the world and capturing its beauty in art. He started painting early. He was a keen observer (敏锐的观察者) and asked deep questions. At 14, he entered a painting workshop (作坊) and trained for ten years. But Leonardo believed great art needed more. He studied science to paint more realistically (逼真地). He even studied human bodies to see how muscles moved, which was very unusual then. People called him the “scientist painter”. His goal was to “understand and copy nature perfectly”. The painting Mona Lisa shows his dedication (奉献). He spent four years on it, thinking carefully about her famous smile. Even when finished, he kept polishing it, looking for ways to make it better. His lifelong love of learning and pursuit of excellence made him a legend. Today, the Mona Lisa still amazes the world. 31．How many years did Leonardo train in a painting workshop? A．About 4 years. B．Exactly 10 years. C．More than 14 years. D．His whole youth. 32．Why did Leonardo study science? A．To become a famous scientist. B．To make his paintings more real. C．To study human bodies well. D．To get the name “scientist painter”. 33．The example of the Mona Lisa is used to show that Leonardo ________. A．painted very slowly B．loved nature deeply C．was never happy with his work D．was very hardworking and careful 34．The underlined word “polishing” in the text is closest in meaning to “________”. A．improving B．changing C．protecting D．showing 35．What is the main reason for Leonardo’s success according to the text? A．He knew a lot. B．He practised a lot. C．He had a strong will and never gave up. D．He started learning at a very young age. C ①Humans have tried to predict the weather for a long time. From the hunters of ancient times to today’s people, knowing if it will rain or be sunny can have an effect on people’s lives. ②In 650 BC, the Babylonians tried to predict the weather by looking at clouds. Around 340 BC, Aristotle, a famous Greek thinker and scientist, wrote a book about weather. It described different types of weather, such as rain, cloud and lightning. Aristotle believed that there was water, air and fire around the Earth. It was almost 2,000 years before people stopped using his ideas. ③By 300 BC in China, a calendar divided the year into 24 solar terms (节气). Each term was about a kind of weather, like Rain Water (the start of spring rains), the Waking of Insects (spring thunder awakens sleeping insects) and so on. This helped farmers know when to plant and harvest. ④People used many ways to predict the weather over the centuries. You might have heard sayings like “Clouds high, weather dry.” This means good weather comes after high clouds in the sky. On the other hand, some thought that if sheep crowded together, it meant rain. But there isn’t any science behind it. ⑤The science of weather prediction really took off in the 1830s with the invention of the telegraph (电报机). It sent messages over hundreds of thousands of miles, so people could draw weather maps and study storm systems. ⑥The next big step came in the 1920s with the invention of the “radiosonde” (无线电探空仪). It was a balloon carrying tools high above the ground to collect information. Not all information was useful. People only chose some of it to predict the weather. ⑦Today, people use supercomputers to take data (数据) from the world and predict the weather very quickly. For example, they once helped predict Hurricane Lee would hit the US and Canada nine days earlier. 36．How did the Babylonians try to predict the weather in 650 BC? A．By looking at the sun. B．By looking at the stars. C．By looking at the clouds. D．By looking at the smoke. 37．The ancient Chinese divided the year into 24 solar terms to ________. A．celebrate the change of seasons B．copy the ideas of a Greek thinker C．make the calendar look more beautiful D．help farmers decide planting and harvesting time 38．The underlined phrase “took off” in Paragraph 5 means ________  . A．left quickly B．developed fast C．flew high D．arrived suddenly 39．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 6? A．The big step. B．The balloon. C．The “radiosonde”. D．The information. 40．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Ancient Ways to Predict Weather B．Modern Ways to Use Supercomputers C．Human’s Efforts to Predict Weather D．Scientists’ Efforts to Change Weather 四、单词拼写(每小题1分，共10分) 41．We should r________ the importance of protecting nature. 42．Many wild animals are in d________ because of human activities. 43．The scientist d________ a new kind of plant in the forest last year. 44．We can r________ waste paper and bottles to protect the environment. 45．D________ fossils with feathers changed our understanding of ancient animals. 46．We should protect n________ by planting trees and reducing pollution. 47．Children are c________ about everything around them. 48．Scientists work hard to protect endangered s________. 49．Her strong b________ in justice inspired many people. 50．I need to u________ my photos to the computer. 五、完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 51．政府正在制定新的法律来保护环境。 The government is making new laws to ________ the ________. 52．研究表明，他们完全是一种全新的物种。 Research shows that they are ________ ________ ________ ________ . 53．随着一声愤怒的吼叫，它张开嘴，举起覆盖着美丽羽毛的手臂。 ________ an angry cry, it opens its mouth, ________ ________ beautiful feather-covered arms. 54．多亏了一块琥珀，科学家们现在知道这个观点是错误。 ________ ________ a piece of amber, scientists now know that this idea is wrong. 55．谁知道这块琥珀是否会向我们诉说更多秘密? Who knows ________ this piece of ________ will tell us more ________ ? 六、短文填空(每小题1分，共10分) Are you a nature lover? Then you must visit Zhangye UNESCO Global Geopark in China! It’s one 56 the best geoparks in the world. People there believe 57 it has the most beautiful rainbow (彩虹) hills in the world. There are plenty of low hills that look like waves and have many different 58 (colour), just like a rainbow! If you climb up to the top and see the hills from above, you 59 (find) rainbows painted on the ground. Of course, you’d better take 60 raincoat with you because the weather often changes 61 (sudden) during the climb. You may wonder how these colourful hills were developed. Millions of years ago, this area was under a lake. Over time, rivers were bringing sand 62 stones. These were left in layers (层) on the bottom of the lake. Some layers were red, some were yellow, and the others turned purple or white. Later, the climate 63 (become) much colder and drier, so that the lake dried up. Then, something special happened! The underground land began 64 (rise) up and push against each other. The layers of sandstone were lifted higher and higher. Through years of wind, sun, and rain, they formed the colourful hills we see today. The best time to visit the geopark is from June to September. Mornings and evenings are much 65 (cool) than the hot afternoons. During these times, you can enjoy the wonderful sunrises and sunsets over the hills. Sunshine after a summer rain will make the colours even brighter and more beautiful. 七、书面表达(共15分) 66．自然探索者的故事里，藏着勇气与坚持的力量。你校正在开展“自然探索者的奇妙故事”英文征文活动，请你以“The Story of a Young Nature Explorer”为题，用英语写一篇短文投稿，讲述一位探索者的经历。 注意： 1．短文需包含上图中的所有内容，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2．文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3．词数80～100 (短文题目与首句已为你写好，不计入总词数)。 参考词汇：goal (n.目标), stick to (坚持), admirable (adj.令人钦佩的) The Story of a Young Nature Explorer Here’s a story about Lila, a 19­-year­-old nature explorer. ________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元模块满分必刷题（新教材外研版） Unit 5 Looking into nature【刷易错】(模块易错综合练) 时间：60分钟 满分：100分 一、单项选择(每小题1分，共15分) 1．On the way to school, I had ________ argument with my brother. A．a B．an C．the D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在上学的路上，我和弟弟吵架了。 考查冠词。a不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表特指；/零冠词。have an argument with sb.“与某人发生争执”，是固定搭配。故选B。 2．We should try our best to protect the ________ because it’s our home. A．environment B．competition C．communication D．development 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应该尽力保护环境，因为它是我们的家园。 environment环境；competition竞争；communication交流；development发展。根据“protect”和“it’s our home”可知，此处指保护我们赖以生存的环境，应填environment。 3．—Is water very important in our daily life?      —Yes. All ________ things need water to keep ________. A．alive；living B．alive；lively C．living；alive D．lively；alive 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——水在我们的日常生活中很重要吗？ ——是的。所有生物都需要水来维持生命。 考查形容词辨析。alive活着的，常作表语或后置定语；living活着的，有生命的，常作定语修饰名词；lively活泼的，充满生机的。根据“All...things need water to keep...”可知，第一个空作定语修饰“things”，用living，living things表示“生物”；第二个空作表语，用alive。故选C。 4．The scientist has spent many years ________ the habits of wild animals. A．study B．to study C．studied D．studying 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这位科学家花费了许多年研究野生动物的习性。 固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.意为“花费时间做某事”，应填studying。 5．You ________ pick flowers in the park. It’s against the rules. A．mustn’t B．can C．may D．needn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你禁止在公园里摘花。这是违反规定的。 mustn’t禁止；can能；may可以；needn’t不必。根据“It’s against the rules.”可知，摘花是违反规定的行为，表示禁止做某事，应填mustn’t。 6．My teacher told me that the moon ________ around the earth. A．go B．goes C．went D．is going 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的老师告诉我月亮绕着地球转。 根据“My teacher told me that the moon ... around the earth.”可知，本题考查的是宾语从句的时态，虽然主句是一般过去时，但从句陈述的是客观真理，时态需用一般现在时，且主语the moon是第三人称单数，谓语动词应填goes。 7．—What do you usually do in your free time? —I often go to the zoo to ________ the animals. A．look for B．look at C．look after D．look up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你空闲时间通常做什么？——我经常去动物园看动物。 look for寻找；look at看；look after照顾；look up查阅。根据“go to the zoo”可知，去动物园的目的是观看动物，look at符合语境。 8．I was taking photos ________ I saw a rare bird. A．when B．while C．before D．after 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我正在拍照时，看到了一只罕见的鸟。 when当……时候；while当……时候（从句中动词需为延续性动词）；before在……之前；after在……之后。根据句意可知，此处表示“正在拍照时，看到了一只罕见的鸟”，强调一个动作发生时，另一个动作突然发生，应用when引导时间状语从句。 9．This forest is much ________ than that one. A．quiet B．quieter C．quietest D．more quieter 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这片森林比那片森林安静得多。 根据句中关键词“than”可知，此处是两者进行比较，应用形容词比较级quieter。 10．I stopped ________ because I heard a strange sound. A．walk B．walking C．to walk D．walked 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我停止了走路，因为我听到了一个奇怪的声音。 stop doing sth. 表示“停止正在做的事”，stop to do sth. 表示“停下来去做另一件事”。根据“because I heard a strange sound”可知，本句是停下正在进行的走路动作，应用动名词形式。应填walking。 11．My good friend Frank ________ ride his bike to school, but now he ________ walking there. A．be used to; used to B．gets used to; be used to C．used to; gets used to D．used to; used to 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的好朋友弗兰克过去常常骑自行车上学，但现在他习惯了走路去那里。 考查动词短语。be used to do sth.被用来做某事；used to do sth.过去常常做某事；get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事。根据“ride his bike to school, but now he...walking there”可知此处指他过去常常骑自行车上学，但现在他习惯了走路去那里，故第一个空用used to，第二个空用gets used to。故选C。 12．—The bike is so cool! How much is it? —________ yuan. A．Two hundred B．Two hundreds C．Hundreds of D．Hundred of 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这辆自行车太酷了！多少钱？——两百元。 考查hundred用法。hundred“百”，前有具体数词时，不加-s，也不与of连用；表达概数时，需加-s，且与of连用，构成hundreds of“几百”。根据“The bike is so cool! How much is it?”及“yuan”可知，此处应该指具体的价钱。故选A。 13．I’m ________ in the ________ movie Monster Hunt Ⅱ. A．interested; interested B．interesting; interesting C．interesting; interested D．interested; interesting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我对有趣的电影《捉妖记2》感兴趣。 考查形容词辨析。interested感兴趣的，用于描述人对某事物的兴趣；interesting有趣的，用于描述事物本身的性质。be interested in…“对……感兴趣”，是固定搭配；第二个空修饰名词“movie”，应是描述事物本身的性质，用interesting。故选D。 14．—This schoolbag is full ________books. Are they yours,Alice? —No, they belong ________ Mike. A．about; to B．with; for C．of; to D．of; for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这个书包里装满了书。爱丽丝，它们是你的吗？  ——不，它们是迈克的。 考查介词辨析。about关于；to给；with和……一起；for为了；of属于……的。根据“This schoolbag is full…books.”可知，此处说的是书包里装满了书，be full of “充满……”，第一个空填of；再由“they belong…Mike.”可知，此处说的是属于迈克，belong to“属于”，第二个空填to。故选C。 15．—Could you tell me ________? —Sure, it’s about how Chinese people celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival. A．what the article is about B．what is the article about C．what was the article about D．what the article was about 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我这篇文章是关于什么的吗？——当然，它是关于中国人如何庆祝中秋节的。 考查宾语从句的语序和时态。分析句子，空格处为宾语从句，应用陈述句语序，排除选项B和C；根据答语“it’s about...”可知，时态是一般现在时。故选A。 二、完形填空(每小题1分，共10分) What’s the weather like in summer in your hometown? Is it very hot? Then you can go to the Qinghai­ Tibet Plateau (青藏高原) to have a 16 holiday. The weather in Qinghai 17 a lot. You can experience “four seasons” in just one day. What would it be like? Let’s have a look. The Qinghai­ Tibet Plateau is at a(n) 18 altitude (海拔). In the early morning, it’s cool. There is a breeze (微风). After the sunrise, it becomes 19 , like spring. It’s a good time to take a walk. At noon, it’s sunny and hot. You might feel like it’s 20 . The 21 is so strong that you might want to wear sunglasses. Sometimes, it rains. However, the rain doesn’t last long. If you are 22 enough, you might see rainbows. In the 23 , the temperature (温度) goes down quickly after sunset. It’s cool, just like in autumn. But later at night, it gets cold, like in winter. People usually go to 24 with a thick quilt (被子). The 25 season is from June to September each year. It often rains at night. 16．A．hot B．strange C．wonderful D．busy 17．A．comes B．falls C．rises D．changes 18．A．low B．high C．normal D．interesting 19．A．warmer B．cooler C．hotter D．colder 20．A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter 21．A．weather B．wind C．sunshine D．rain 22．A．strong B．happy C．tired D．lucky 23．A．morning B．afternoon C．evening D．noon 24．A．bed B．work C．class D．hospital 25．A．rainy B．snowy C．windy D．cloudy 【答案】 16．C 17．D 18．B 19．A 20．B 21．C 22．D 23．C 24．A 25．A 【导语】 本文介绍了青藏高原夏季的天气特点，当地一天可体验四季，同时说明了当地的雨季时间等相关内容。 16．句意：然后你可以去青藏高原度过一个美好的假期。 根据上下文，前文提到家乡夏天炎热，推荐去高原避暑，应用wonderful“美好的”。hot“热的”、strange“奇怪的”、busy“忙碌的”均不符合语境。 17．句意：青海的天气变化很大。你在一天之内就能体验四季。 根据后文“You can experience ‘four seasons’ in just one day.”，说明天气变化大，应用changes“变化”。comes“来”、falls“落下”、rises“升起”均不符合语境。 18．句意：青藏高原处于高海拔地区。 根据常识，青藏高原海拔高，固定搭配high altitude，应用high“高的”。low“低的”、normal“正常的”、interesting“有趣的”均不符合常识与语境。 19．句意：日出之后，天气变得更暖和，就像春天一样。这是散步的好时候。 前文“In the early morning, it’s cool. There is a breeze...”提到清晨凉爽，日出后气温回升，符合春天的特点，应用warmer“更暖和的”。cooler“更凉的”、hotter“更热的”、colder“更冷的”均不符合语境。 20．句意：中午，天气晴朗炎热。你可能会感觉像是夏天。 前文“At noon, it’s sunny and hot.”提到中午炎热，对应季节为夏天，应用summer“夏天”。spring“春天”、autumn“秋天”、winter“冬天”均不符合“炎热”的特点。 21．句意：阳光如此强烈，以至于你可能想要戴上太阳镜。 根据后文“wear sunglasses”，可知是阳光强烈，应用sunshine“阳光”。weather“天气”、wind“风”、rain“雨”均不符合语境。 22．句意：如果你足够幸运，你可能会看到彩虹。 根据常识，雨后看到彩虹是幸运的事，应用lucky“幸运的”。strong“强壮的”、happy“开心的”、tired“累的”均不符合语境。 23．句意：在傍晚，日落后温度迅速下降。 根据后文“after sunset”，对应时间为傍晚，应用evening“傍晚”。morning“早上”、afternoon“下午”、noon“中午”均不符合时间逻辑。 24．句意：人们通常盖着厚被子上床睡觉。 根据前文“But later at night, it gets cold, like in winter.”，以及固定搭配go to bed“上床睡觉”，应用bed“床”。work“工作”、class“班级”、hospital“医院”均不符合语境。 25．句意：每年的雨季从六月到九月。夜间经常下雨。 根据后文“It often rains at night.”，可知是雨季，应用rainy“下雨的”。snowy“下雪的”、windy“有风的”、cloudy“多云的”均不符合语境。 三、阅读理解(每小题2分，共30分) A Jim was ill yesterday. His father took him to the hospital by bus. The following is the medical record (病例) written by the doctor. MEDICAL RECORD Name: Jim Age: 15 years old Time: 8:00 a.m., 20 April Illness: Stomachache He ate two ice creams after dinner yesterday and then he had a stomachache. Advice: • Take two pills each time, twice a day. • Drink lots of water and don’t eat anything cold. • Stay in bed for two days. Doctor: Li Ming 20 April 2026 26．What’s wrong with Jim? A． B． C． D． 27．How did Jim go to the hospital? A．By car. B．By bus. C．By taxi. D．By bike. 28．How old is Jim? A．He is twelve years old. B．He is thirteen years old. C．He is fourteen years old. D．He is fifteen years old. 29．How many pills does Jim need to take every day? A．Two pills. B．Three pills. C．Four pills. D．Five pills. 30．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this passage? A．Jim had a stomachache before dinner. B．His father took him to the hospital. C．The doctor gave him three pieces of advice. D．Jim shouldn’t eat anything cold. 【答案】26．C 27．B 28．D 29．C 30．A 【导语】本文是一份病历记录，讲述了Jim因饭后吃了两个冰淇淋导致胃痛，父亲带他乘公交就医的情况，以及医生的诊断和建议。 【详解】26．病历中“Illness”一栏明确写着“Stomachache”，因此Jim是胃痛，对应图片C。 27．第一段指出：“His father took him to the hospital by bus.”，因此Jim乘公交车去医院。 28．病历中“Age”一栏写着“15 years old”，因此Jim十五岁。 29．医嘱写明：“Take two pills each time, twice a day.”，每次两粒，每天两次，因此每天共需服用四粒药。 30．病历中提到Jim“ate two ice creams after dinner yesterday and then he had a stomachache”，说明胃痛发生在晚饭后，而非晚饭前，因此推断“Jim had a stomachache before dinner”在文中未被提及。 B Leonardo da Vinci is one of the greatest minds in history. He was born in 1452. From childhood, he dreamed of understanding the world and capturing its beauty in art. He started painting early. He was a keen observer (敏锐的观察者) and asked deep questions. At 14, he entered a painting workshop (作坊) and trained for ten years. But Leonardo believed great art needed more. He studied science to paint more realistically (逼真地). He even studied human bodies to see how muscles moved, which was very unusual then. People called him the “scientist painter”. His goal was to “understand and copy nature perfectly”. The painting Mona Lisa shows his dedication (奉献). He spent four years on it, thinking carefully about her famous smile. Even when finished, he kept polishing it, looking for ways to make it better. His lifelong love of learning and pursuit of excellence made him a legend. Today, the Mona Lisa still amazes the world. 31．How many years did Leonardo train in a painting workshop? A．About 4 years. B．Exactly 10 years. C．More than 14 years. D．His whole youth. 32．Why did Leonardo study science? A．To become a famous scientist. B．To make his paintings more real. C．To study human bodies well. D．To get the name “scientist painter”. 33．The example of the Mona Lisa is used to show that Leonardo ________. A．painted very slowly B．loved nature deeply C．was never happy with his work D．was very hardworking and careful 34．The underlined word “polishing” in the text is closest in meaning to “________”. A．improving B．changing C．protecting D．showing 35．What is the main reason for Leonardo’s success according to the text? A．He knew a lot. B．He practised a lot. C．He had a strong will and never gave up. D．He started learning at a very young age. 【答案】31．B 32．B 33．D 34．A 35．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了文艺复兴时期伟大的艺术家达芬奇的成长经历、艺术追求以及他对科学的探索精神，并通过《蒙娜丽莎》这幅画作展现了他对艺术的极致追求。 【详解】31．根据原文第二段“At 14, he entered a painting workshop and trained for ten years.”可知，他在作坊里训练了整整十年。 32．根据原文第三段“He studied science to paint more realistically.”可知，他学习科学的目的是为了让他的画作更加真实。 33．根据原文第四段“The painting Mona Lisa shows his dedication. He spent four years on it, thinking carefully about her famous smile. Even when finished, he kept polishing it, looking for ways to make it better.”可知，这表明他非常勤奋且细心。 34．根据原文第四段“Even when finished, he kept polishing it, looking for ways to make it better.”，结合语境，他为了让画作更好而不断进行某种操作，结合选项，improving最符合语境。 35．根据原文最后一段“His lifelong love of learning and pursuit of excellence made him a legend.”可知，这表明他有着坚强的意志并且从不放弃，这正是他成功的主要原因。 C ①Humans have tried to predict the weather for a long time. From the hunters of ancient times to today’s people, knowing if it will rain or be sunny can have an effect on people’s lives. ②In 650 BC, the Babylonians tried to predict the weather by looking at clouds. Around 340 BC, Aristotle, a famous Greek thinker and scientist, wrote a book about weather. It described different types of weather, such as rain, cloud and lightning. Aristotle believed that there was water, air and fire around the Earth. It was almost 2,000 years before people stopped using his ideas. ③By 300 BC in China, a calendar divided the year into 24 solar terms (节气). Each term was about a kind of weather, like Rain Water (the start of spring rains), the Waking of Insects (spring thunder awakens sleeping insects) and so on. This helped farmers know when to plant and harvest. ④People used many ways to predict the weather over the centuries. You might have heard sayings like “Clouds high, weather dry.” This means good weather comes after high clouds in the sky. On the other hand, some thought that if sheep crowded together, it meant rain. But there isn’t any science behind it. ⑤The science of weather prediction really took off in the 1830s with the invention of the telegraph (电报机). It sent messages over hundreds of thousands of miles, so people could draw weather maps and study storm systems. ⑥The next big step came in the 1920s with the invention of the “radiosonde” (无线电探空仪). It was a balloon carrying tools high above the ground to collect information. Not all information was useful. People only chose some of it to predict the weather. ⑦Today, people use supercomputers to take data (数据) from the world and predict the weather very quickly. For example, they once helped predict Hurricane Lee would hit the US and Canada nine days earlier. 36．How did the Babylonians try to predict the weather in 650 BC? A．By looking at the sun. B．By looking at the stars. C．By looking at the clouds. D．By looking at the smoke. 37．The ancient Chinese divided the year into 24 solar terms to ________. A．celebrate the change of seasons B．copy the ideas of a Greek thinker C．make the calendar look more beautiful D．help farmers decide planting and harvesting time 38．The underlined phrase “took off” in Paragraph 5 means ________  . A．left quickly B．developed fast C．flew high D．arrived suddenly 39．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in Paragraph 6? A．The big step. B．The balloon. C．The “radiosonde”. D．The information. 40．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Ancient Ways to Predict Weather B．Modern Ways to Use Supercomputers C．Human’s Efforts to Predict Weather D．Scientists’ Efforts to Change Weather 【答案】36．C 37．D 38．B 39．D 40．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了人类从古至今预测天气的发展历程，从古代巴比伦人看云、亚里士多德的理论、中国的二十四节气，到近代的电报、无线电探空仪，再到现代的超级计算机，展现了人类在天气预测方面不断探索和进步的过程。 36．根据文章第②段内容“In 650 BC, the Babylonians tried to predict the weather by looking at clouds.”可知，公元前650年巴比伦人通过观察云彩来预测天气。 37．根据文章第③段内容“This helped farmers know when to plant and harvest.”可知，中国古代将一年分为24个节气是为了帮助农民决定播种和收获的时间，选项D符合题意。 38．根据文章第⑤段内容“The science of weather prediction really took off in the 1830s with the invention of the telegraph. It sent messages over hundreds of thousands of miles, so people could draw weather maps and study storm systems.”（天气预报科学真正兴起于19世纪30年代，得益于电报的发明。电报能传递跨越数几十万公里的信息，使人们得以绘制天气图并研究风暴系统。）可知，随着电报的发明，天气预测科学迅速发展起来，因此took off意为“快速发展”。 39．根据文章第⑥段内容“Not all information was useful. People only chose some of it to predict the weather.”可知，it指代的是前文提到的“information（信息）”。 40．根据全文内容可知，文章从古代到现代全面讲述了人类预测天气的各种努力和发展过程，最合适的标题是选项C“人类预测天气的努力”。 四、单词拼写(每小题1分，共10分) 41．We should r________ the importance of protecting nature. 【答案】realize/ealize 【详解】句意：我们应该意识到保护自然的重要性。根据首字母提示和语境“the importance of protecting nature”可知，此处表示意识到保护自然的重要性。动词realize“意识到”符合语境，should后接动词原形。 42．Many wild animals are in d________ because of human activities. 【答案】(d)anger 【详解】句意：由于人类活动，许多野生动物处于危险之中。根据“Many wild animals are in ”及首字母，这里应填“danger”，“in danger”是一个固定短语，意思是“处于危险中”。故填(d)anger。 43．The scientist d________ a new kind of plant in the forest last year. 【答案】discovered/iscovered 【详解】句意：这位科学家去年在森林里发现了一种新植物。该句缺少谓语动词；根据时间状语“last year”可知句子为一般过去时，结合“a new kind of plant”和首字母“d”的提示，语义与“发现”相关，故填discovered。 44．We can r________ waste paper and bottles to protect the environment. 【答案】recycle/ecycle 【详解】句意：我们可以回收废纸和瓶子来保护环境。句中给出了字母r，结合语境“废纸和瓶子”“保护环境”，可以判断这里需要填入动词recycle（回收利用）。 情态动词can后面需要接动词原形，所以直接用recycle即可。 45．D________ fossils with feathers changed our understanding of ancient animals. 【答案】Dinosaur/inosaur 【详解】句意：带有羽毛的恐龙化石改变了我们对古代动物的理解。根据“fossils”和“ancient animals”，可知原句描述的是一种古代动物，并且现在有它的化石存在。“dinosaur”符合语境，意为“恐龙”，与“fossils”构成名词短语，意为“恐龙化石”。首字母大写。故填Dinosaur/inosaur。 46．We should protect n________ by planting trees and reducing pollution. 【答案】nature/ature 【详解】句意：我们应该通过植树和减少污染来保护自然。根据“planting trees and reducing pollution”和首字母可知，植树和减少污染可以保护环境，nature“自然”符合语境。故填nature。 47．Children are c________ about everything around them. 【答案】curious/urious 【详解】句意：孩子们对周围的一切都感到好奇。根据首字母“c”及句意“好奇的”可知，应填形容词curious“好奇的”，作表语，构成固定搭配“be curious about”。 48．Scientists work hard to protect endangered s________. 【答案】species/pecies 【详解】句意：科学家努力保护濒危物种。空格前有形容词“endangered”濒危的，需要填一个名词作宾语。根据首字母“s”及语境提示，表示“物种”的单词是species。species单复数同形。 49．Her strong b________ in justice inspired many people. 【答案】beliefs/eliefs 【详解】句意：她对正义的坚定信念鼓舞了许多人。根据“strong...in justice inspired many people”和首字母可知，可以激励人的且与正义相关的应是“信念”，belief“信念”符合语境；此处应为复数表示多个。故填beliefs。 50．I need to u________ my photos to the computer. 【答案】upload/pload 【详解】句意：我需要把我的照片上传到电脑上。句中“need to”后面需要接动词原形，upload表示“上传”。 五、完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 51．政府正在制定新的法律来保护环境。 The government is making new laws to ________ the ________. 【答案】 protect environment 【详解】原句中关键词“保护”表达为protect，“环境”表达为environment。不定式to后接动词原形，故填protect；environment。 52．研究表明，他们完全是一种全新的物种。 Research shows that they are ________ ________ ________ ________ . 【答案】 a completely new species 【详解】原句的核心表达是“一种全新的物种”，对应的表达为a completely new species。 53．随着一声愤怒的吼叫，它张开嘴，举起覆盖着美丽羽毛的手臂。 ________ an angry cry, it opens its mouth, ________ ________ beautiful feather-covered arms. 【答案】 With raising its 【详解】原句关键词为“随着” “举起” “它的”，with表示“随着”，raise表示“举起”，its表示“它的”。opens表示时态为一般现在时，句中已有谓语动词，因此raise用非谓语形式，与主语是主动关系，raising符合句意，句首字母需大写。故填With；raising；its。 54．多亏了一块琥珀，科学家们现在知道这个观点是错误。 ________ ________ a piece of amber, scientists now know that this idea is wrong. 【答案】 Thanks to 【详解】原句关键词为“多亏了”，固定短语“Thanks to”表示“由于、多亏”。 55．谁知道这块琥珀是否会向我们诉说更多秘密? Who knows ________ this piece of ________ will tell us more ________ ? 【答案】 whether/if amber secrets 【详解】原句中“是否”、“琥珀”、“秘密”是关键词，表示“是否”用if/whether；“琥珀”为amber；“秘密”用复数secrets表示泛指多个秘密。 六、短文填空(每小题1分，共10分) Are you a nature lover? Then you must visit Zhangye UNESCO Global Geopark in China! It’s one 56 the best geoparks in the world. People there believe 57 it has the most beautiful rainbow (彩虹) hills in the world. There are plenty of low hills that look like waves and have many different 58 (colour), just like a rainbow! If you climb up to the top and see the hills from above, you 59 (find) rainbows painted on the ground. Of course, you’d better take 60 raincoat with you because the weather often changes 61 (sudden) during the climb. You may wonder how these colourful hills were developed. Millions of years ago, this area was under a lake. Over time, rivers were bringing sand 62 stones. These were left in layers (层) on the bottom of the lake. Some layers were red, some were yellow, and the others turned purple or white. Later, the climate 63 (become) much colder and drier, so that the lake dried up. Then, something special happened! The underground land began 64 (rise) up and push against each other. The layers of sandstone were lifted higher and higher. Through years of wind, sun, and rain, they formed the colourful hills we see today. The best time to visit the geopark is from June to September. Mornings and evenings are much 65 (cool) than the hot afternoons. During these times, you can enjoy the wonderful sunrises and sunsets over the hills. Sunshine after a summer rain will make the colours even brighter and more beautiful. 【答案】 56．of 57．that 58．colours 59．will find 60．a 61．suddenly 62．and 63．became 64．to rise/rising 65．cooler 【导语】这篇短文介绍了中国张掖世界地质公园的彩虹山景观，讲述了它的外观特点、形成原因，以及游览的最佳时间和注意事项。 56．句意：它是世界上最好的地质公园之一。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数，表示“最……之一”。 57．句意：那里的人们认为它是世界上最美丽的彩虹山。动词believe后接宾语从句，从句成分完整，用that引导。 58．句意：有许多低矮的小山，它们看起来像波浪，有很多不同的颜色，就像一道彩虹！different后接可数名词复数，所以colour变为colours。 59．句意：如果你爬到山顶，从上面看这些山，你会发现地面上像画着彩虹一样。if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。 60．句意：当然，你最好带一件雨衣，因为爬山时天气经常突然变化。固定搭配take a raincoat带一件雨衣，raincoat是可数名词单数，用不定冠词a。 61．句意：当然，你最好带一件雨衣，因为爬山时天气经常突然变化。修饰动词changes需要用副词，所以sudden变为suddenly。 62．句意：久而久之，河流带来了沙子和石头。sand和stones是并列名词，用并列连词and连接。 63．句意：后来，气候变得更加寒冷干燥，所以湖泊干涸了。全文主体为一般过去时，所以become变为过去式became。 64．句意：地下的土地开始隆起，相互挤压。固定结构：begin to do sth.或begin doing sth.，所以填to rise或rising都可以。 65．句意：早晨和傍晚比炎热的下午凉爽得多。much修饰形容词比较级，than是比较级的标志，所以cool变为cooler。 七、书面表达(共15分) 66．自然探索者的故事里，藏着勇气与坚持的力量。你校正在开展“自然探索者的奇妙故事”英文征文活动，请你以“The Story of a Young Nature Explorer”为题，用英语写一篇短文投稿，讲述一位探索者的经历。 注意： 1．短文需包含上图中的所有内容，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 2．文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称； 3．词数80～100 (短文题目与首句已为你写好，不计入总词数)。 参考词汇：goal (n.目标), stick to (坚持), admirable (adj.令人钦佩的) The Story of a Young Nature Explorer Here’s a story about Lila, a 19­-year­-old nature explorer. ________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 The Story of a Young Nature Explorer Here’s a story about Lila, a 19­-year-­old nature explorer. Last summer, she planned to explore a hidden forest to find rare wild flowers. It was her biggest goal for that year. However, she faced a great difficulty. Heavy rain made the path hard to walk on. She almost gave up, but she stuck to her plan by using branches as walking sticks to keep balance. In the end, her effort paid off. She found the beautiful flowers and took photos to record them. Lila is truly admirable. Her story teaches me that as long as we keep trying, we can achieve our goals, even in the face of difficulties. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：记叙文，以一般过去时为主要时态 明确要点：探索目标；遇到的困难、坚持的过程与最终结果；个人看法 确定人称：主体用第三人称 (she/Lila)，结尾发表看法用第一人称 (I/we) 注意事项：不得透露真实姓名和学校名称；需使用参考词汇goal、stick to、admirable [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：补充交代莱拉的探索目标，引出事件背景 主体段：详细叙述她遇到的困难、坚持的过程与最终的探索结果 结尾段：发表个人看法，升华主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：探索目标 目标表达：to find rare wild flowers/to study rare plants/to record wild birds/to explore unknown caves/to take photos of wild animals等 要点二：遇到的困难与结果 困难表达：heavy rain made the path hard to walk on/thick bushes blocked the way/sudden storm hit the area/she got lost in the forest等 坚持/结果表达：she stuck to her plan by using branches as walking sticks to keep balance. In the end, her effort paid off. She found the beautiful flowers and took photos to record them./she kept moving forward with great courage/she finally achieved her goal successfully/she shared her findings with other explorers等 要点三：个人看法 看法表达：she is truly admirable. Her story teaches me that as long as we keep trying, we can achieve our goals, even in the face of difficulties./she sets a good example for us/we should stick to our dreams no matter how hard it is/her spirit encourages us to face challenges bravely/we can learn the importance of persistence from her story等 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $