专题06 阅读理解说明文（期末真题汇编，上海专用）高一英语下学期

**基本信息** 上海多所重点中学高一下期末说明文阅读汇编，涵盖人与社会、自我、自然主题，素材兼具科技前沿（如AI艺术偏好预测）与社会热点（如码头区再生），适配期末能力检测。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|40题|细节理解（如第2题犯罪率）、推理判断（如第23题巴黎形象）、主旨归纳（如第16题感冒 myths）|情境时代性：含MIT植物发光等科技素材；问题层次分明：从词汇（如“row”词义）到篇章结构（如段落主旨）|

专题06 阅读理解说明文 主题01 人与社会—— Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·上海市控江中学·期末） All over the world, from Baltimore to Auckland, coastal cities are facing the same issue: the regeneration of their docklands (码头区). These areas, which were once at the very heart of urban activity, have emptied over time as modern shipping requirements have moved the docks further out of town. The resultant migration of population and decline in commercial activity are two effects which therefore need to be addressed. A key factor in this has been the growth of the container industry, now responsible for over 75% of goods transported worldwide. As a consequence of this, ships have progressively increased in size to such a degree that larger docks are required and more sophisticated and efficient cranes. This has led to the decline of city-centre docks along with services and homes connected to them. Another direct result of this is that ships spend less time in port, and thus there are fewer crew members spending money in these areas. One alternative source of revenue is the cruise industry, with a number of cities building facilities for cruise liners which can bring over 5,000 tourists into a place in one day. As a result of this migration from waterfront areas, hundreds of acres of land have been left to waste away. This has meant in some cities an increase in crime in these parts as gangs have taken control and squatters (擅自占用他人房子的人) have taken up residence. As the situation has got worse, the appeal of these areas for locals or tourists has decreased. This vicious circle can only be broken through redevelopment. Governments, therefore, have had to make important financial and strategic decisions about these waterfronts, whether they are giving onto a river, a lake, a bay or the sea. In Baltimore, for example, the decision was taken to regenerate the docklands as an area for professional offices and small start-ups as well as remarketing the area as a destination for conferences, events, cyclists and urban tourists. This meant that all the services and infrastructure required for these segments had to be put in place. I think the statistics attached prove that the project was a great success, due in part to the consultation and planning stages, which led to a unified plan. In conclusion, I would state that although it is sad to see the decline of such important historical waterfront areas, the resulting renovation can lead to economic and social improvements of great value. I would therefore strongly advocate regeneration plans which bring services, activity and people back to these wastelands and which restore them to an important role in the city. 1．The second paragraph is mainly about ________. A．changes in shipping B．the decline of the docklands C．a solution to docklands’ decline D．the rise of the cruise industry 2．Migration from the docklands had led to ________. A．poverty B．homelessness C．an increase in crime D．less appealing residences 3．According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Baltimore handled the planning stages well. B．The Baltimore regeneration was mainly for tourists. C．These days, crew members spend a lot of time in port spending money. D．Overall, the author is not in favour of the regeneration of dockland areas. 4．The last paragraph offers ________. A．a regeneration plan that is worth advocating B．another example of renovation that succeeds C．an accurate prediction about waterfronts’ future D．the author’s perspective on improving waterfront areas 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了全球沿海城市码头区面临衰落问题及再开发的重要性。 1．主旨大意题。根据第二段“A key factor in this has been the growth of the container industry, now responsible for over 75% of goods transported worldwide. As a consequence of this, ships have progressively increased in size to such a degree that larger docks are required and more sophisticated and efficient cranes. This has led to the decline of city-centre docks along with services and homes connected to them. Another direct result of this is that ships spend less time in port, and thus there are fewer crew members spending money in these areas. One alternative source of revenue is the cruise industry, with a number of cities building facilities for cruise liners which can bring over 5,000 tourists into a place in one day. (其中一个关键因素是集装箱行业的发展，目前该行业负责全球超过75%的货物运输。因此，船只的尺寸逐渐增大，以至于需要更大的码头和更先进高效的起重机。这导致了市中心码头以及与之相连的服务和住宅的衰落。另一个直接结果是，船只在港口停留的时间更少，因此在这些地区消费的船员也更少。另一个替代收入来源是邮轮业，许多城市正在为邮轮建造设施，这些邮轮一天之内可以将5000多名游客带到某个地方)”可知，第二段主要讲述了航运方面的变化。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“As a result of this migration from waterfront areas, hundreds of acres of land have been left to waste away. This has meant in some cities an increase in crime in these parts as gangs have taken control and squatters (擅自占用他人房子的人) have taken up residence. (由于从滨水区迁出，数百英亩的土地被荒废。这意味着在一些城市，这些地区的犯罪率有所上升，因为帮派控制了这些地区，擅自占用他人房子的人也住进了这些地区)”可知，从码头区迁出导致了犯罪率的上升。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“In Baltimore, for example, the decision was taken to regenerate the docklands as an area for professional offices and small start-ups as well as remarketing the area as a destination for conferences, events, cyclists and urban tourists. (例如，在巴尔的摩，政府决定将码头区重建为专业办公室和小型初创企业的区域，并将其重新推广为会议、活动、自行车爱好者和城市游客的目的地)”和倒数第二段“I think the statistics attached prove that the project was a great success, due in part to the consultation and planning stages, which led to a unified plan. (这意味着必须为这些领域提供所需的所有服务和基础设施。我认为，随附的统计数据证明该项目取得了巨大成功，部分原因在于咨询和规划阶段的工作，这些工作促成了一个统一的计划)”可知，巴尔的摩很好地处理了规划阶段。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In conclusion, I would state that although it is sad to see the decline of such important historical waterfront areas, the resulting renovation can lead to economic and social improvements of great value. I would therefore strongly advocate regeneration plans which bring services, activity and people back to these wastelands and which restore them to an important role in the city. (总之，我要说的是，尽管看到如此重要的历史滨水区的衰落令人悲伤，但由此产生的改造可以带来巨大的经济和社会改善。因此，我强烈主张实施再生计划，将服务、活动和人员带回这些荒地，并使其在城市中重新发挥重要作用)”可知，最后一段提供了作者对改善滨水区的看法。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海市复旦大学附属中学·期末） Do you like the thick brush strokes and soft color palettes of an impressionist painting such as those by Claude Monet? Or do you prefer the bold colors and abstract shapes of a Rothko? Individual art tastes have a certain mystique to them, but now a new Caltech study shows that a simple computer program can accurately predict which paintings a person will like. The new study asked more than 1,500 volunteers to rate paintings in the genres of impressionism, cubism, abstract, and color field. The volunteers’ answers were fed into a computer program, which then could predict the volunteers’ art preferences. The findings not only demonstrated that computers could make these predictions but also led to a new understanding about how people judge art. “The main point is that we are gaining an insight into the mechanism that people use to make aesthetic judgments,” says O’Doherty, a neuroscientist in the team. In the study, the team programmed the computer to break a painting's visual attributes down into what they called low-level features—traits like contrast, saturation (饱和度), and color—as well as high-level features, which require human judgment and include traits such as whether the painting is dynamic or still. The computer program then estimates how much a specific feature is taken into account when making a decision about how much to like a particular piece of art. Both features are combined when making these decisions. Once the computer has estimated that, then it can successfully predict a person’s liking for another previously unseen piece of art. The researchers also discovered that the volunteers tended to cluster into three general categories: those who like paintings with real-life objects, such as an impressionist painting; those who like colorful abstract paintings; and those who like complex paintings, such as Picasso’s cubist portraits. The majority of people fell into the first “real-life object” category. While the computer program was successful at predicting the volunteers’ art preferences, the researchers say there is still more to learn about the nuances that go into any one individual’s taste. “There are aspects of individual preferences that we have not succeeded in explaining using this method,” says O’Doherty. “This more idiosyncratic component may relate to past experiences and other personal traits that might influence valuation.” 5．What was the main purpose of the Caltech study mentioned in the passage? A．To examine why people have different tastes in paintings. B．To compare different painting styles like impressionism and cubism. C．To prove that computers can create better art than humans. D．To determine the accuracy of computers’ prediction of art preferences. 6．Which of the following statements is TRUE about “high-level features” in the study? A．They were ignored by the computer program in the study. B．They involve subjective judgment. C．They are less accurate than low-level features in predicting preferences. D．They are easily quantifiable by machines. 7．The word “idiosyncratic” in the last paragraph most closely means A．vital B．predictable C．individual D．complex 8．Based on the passage, what is the likely next step for this research? A．Teaching computers to paint original artwork. B．Incorporating additional personal data into the prediction model. C．Eliminating the use of low-level features in predictions. D．Focusing mainly on impressionist paintings. 【答案】5．D 6．B 7．C 8．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了计算机程序能预测人们艺术偏好的研究。 【详解】5．细节理解题。 根据第一段“but now a new Caltech study shows that a simple computer program can accurately predict which paintings a person will like.(但现在加州理工学院的一项新研究表明，一个简单的计算机程序可以准确预测一个人会喜欢哪些画作) 以及根据第二段中“The new study asked more than 1,500 volunteers to rate paintings in the genres of impressionism, cubism, abstract, and color field. The volunteers’ answers were fed into a computer program, which then could predict the volunteers’ art preferences.(这项新研究让1500多名志愿者对印象派、立体派、抽象派和色域派等不同流派的画作进行评分。志愿者的答案被输入到一个计算机程序中，该程序可以预测志愿者的艺术偏好) ”以及第三段中“The findings not only demonstrated that computers could make these predictions but also led to a new understanding about how people judge art.(研究结果不仅证明了计算机可以进行这些预测，还让我们对人们如何评判艺术有了新的认识)”可知，Caltech研究的主要目的是确定计算机预测艺术偏好的准确性。故选D。 6．推理判断题。 根据第四段“In the study, the team programmed the computer to break a painting's visual attributes down into what they called low-level features — traits like contrast, saturation (饱和度), and color — as well as high-level features, which require human judgment and include traits such as whether the painting is dynamic or still.(在研究中，研究团队让计算机将画作的视觉属性分解为他们所说的低级特征——如对比度、饱和度和颜色等特性——以及需要人类判断的高级特征，包括画作是动态的还是静态的等特性)”可推知，研究中的“高级特征”涉及主观判断。故选B。 7．词句猜测题。 根据最后一段中“There are aspects of individual preferences that we have not succeeded in explaining using this method,” says O’Doherty. “This more idiosyncratic component may relate to past experiences and other personal traits that might influence valuation.(O’Doherty说：“我们无法用这种方法解释个人偏好的某些方面。这种更idiosyncratic的成分可能与过去的经历和其他可能影响评估的个人特质有关。”)”可知，无法用这种方法解释个人偏好的某些方面，所以此处指这种更个人的成分可能与过去的经历和其他可能影响评估的个人特质有关，“idiosyncratic”在此处意为“个人的，独特的”。故选C。 8．推理判断题。 根据最后一段中“While the computer program was successful at predicting the volunteers’ art preferences, the researchers say there is still more to learn about the nuances that go into any one individual’s taste. “There are aspects of individual preferences that we have not succeeded in explaining using this method,” says O’Doherty. “This more idiosyncratic component may relate to past experiences and other personal traits that might influence valuation.”(虽然计算机程序在预测志愿者的艺术偏好方面取得了成功，但研究人员表示，对于每个人品味的细微差别，我们还有很多需要了解的地方。O’Doherty说：“我们无法用这种方法解释个人偏好的某些方面。这种更独特的成分可能与过去的经历和其他可能影响评估的个人特质有关。”)”可推知，这项研究的下一步很可能是将额外的个人数据纳入预测模型。故选B。 主题02 人与自我—— Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海市上海交通大学附属中学·期末） Unhappily ever after “Snow White”, Disney’s live-action remake, had an icy reception before its release in cinemas on March 21st. A trailer posted three months ago has earned just 60,000 likes and over 1m dislikes. “If I saw this movie on a plane I would still walk out,” grumbled one YouTube user. “We thankfully have the technology nowadays to make the animation look worse than the original from 1937,” groaned another. The dwarves, who have been cheeseily rendered with computer-generated imagery, after a row over whether it was politically correct to have actors with dwarfism in their roles. There is also the issue of Rachel Zegler, the actress chosen to play Snow White, who panned the original film as “extremely dated” and said prince “literally stalks” the princess. It turns out fans do not like it when a remake’s heroine villages the classic film that inspired it. By respinning familiar tales, remakes can offer studios a surer path towards commercial riches. In the amount of pushback and controversy it has faced, “Snow White” is unusual. Hence, what makes for a successful remake? It is a question on the minds of many Hollywood executives. Three lessons stand out. First, it is not enough to use state-of-the-art special effects; computer-generated imagery needs to be handled carefully. Of the 20 worst remakes, half are horror films, in part because of their use of unconvincing special effects. In the fifth-worst-rated, a remake in 2005 of John Carpenter’s cult classic “The Fog” from 1980, a super-natural, vengeful fog descends on an island town off the coast of Oregon. Cheap shocks substitute for tension: viewers have complained that the fog moves too quickly and that ghosts in the fog are hokey, a complaint also made by viewers about the dwarves in the new “Snow White”. Second, comedies come with grave risks. This is the worst-performing genre for remakes. Comedy remakes also tend to make the least at the box office. Not a single one significantly outshines the original film it was based on, according to audience ratings. It may be that viewers of comedies and horrors crave an element of surprise, which is hard to offer in a faithful remake, because audiences already know which gags and gasps to expect. The best remakes get their inspiration from abroad. Unfamiliarity with the originals may mean that audiences come in with lower expectations and without any attachment to the original. Take “Bugonia”,starring Emma Stone, set to be released in November. It is an English-language remake of a South Korean film; instead of a male chief executive, the new story centers on a female one. However, audiences, lacking knowledge of the original, are unlikely to kick up a fuss about the change. The same cannot be said of the new “Snow White”, which seems destined for an unhappily-ever-after ending. 9．According to paragraph 1-2, which of the following is a reason why Disney’s remake of “Snow White” was not well-received? A．Inferior animation effects of the main character. B．Audience being unfamiliar with the original story. C．Harsh remarks made by the leading actor/ actress about the original work. D．The unexpected twists in the adaptation of the original plot. 10．The underlined word “row” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______. A．criticism B．protest C．debate D．discussion 11．According to the passage, which of the following is among the “three lessons” for a successful remake? A．Cutting-edge computer-generated imagery should be employed. B．Avoid certain genres, as previous records show that they usually turned out to be disappointments. C．Stay as faithful to the original as possible, as viewers hate the element of surprise. D．Switch the gender of the lead character to satisfy viewers yearn for novelty. 12．As remakes of classics, why does “Bugonia” stand a better chance compared with “Snow White”? A．Because the lead actress enjoys higher popularity and superior acting skills. B．Because “Bugonia” altered the protagonist’s gender to appeal to more female viewers. C．The audience has a deeper affection for the original of “Snow White”, and therefore they won’t tolerate any version of adaptation. D．Regarded as an original movie rather than a remake, “Bugonia” does not have to live up to viewers’ high expectations. 【答案】9．C 10．C 11．B 12．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。迪士尼真人版《白雪公主》因特效、选角等问题遭差评，文章借此探讨成功翻拍的三要点：特效得当、慎拍喜剧、借鉴外国作品。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段“There is also the issue of Rachel Zegler, the actress chosen to play Snow White, who panned the original film as “extremely dated” and said prince “literally stalks” the princess. It turns out fans do not like it when a remake’s heroine villages the classic film that inspired it.(此外，还有关于饰演白雪公主的演员瑞秋·泽格勒的问题，她认为原版电影“极其过时”，还说王子“简直像在跟踪”公主。结果发现，粉丝们并不喜欢在翻拍作品中让女主角模仿其灵感来源的经典影片)”可知，主演对原作的严厉批评是迪士尼对《白雪公主》的重制版未能获得好评的原因。故选C。 10．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“over whether it was politically correct to have actors with dwarfism in their roles(是否让患有侏儒症的演员出演相关角色)”可知，这是由是否让患有侏儒症的演员出演相关角色引发的讨论。故划线词意思是“讨论”。故选C。 11．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Second, comedies come with grave risks. This is the worst-performing genre for remakes. Comedy remakes also tend to make the least at the box office. Not a single one significantly outshines the original film it was based on, according to audience ratings. It may be that viewers of comedies and horrors crave an element of surprise, which is hard to offer in a faithful remake, because audiences already know which gags and gasps to expect.(其次，喜剧伴随着严重的风险。这是翻拍电影中表现最差的类型。喜剧翻拍版的票房也往往是最低的。从观众收视率来看，没有一部电影能明显超越它的原著。也许是喜剧和恐怖片的观众渴望一种惊喜的元素，这在忠实的翻拍中很难提供，因为观众已经知道会有什么悬念和喘息)”可知，避免某些类型的作品，因为以往的经验表明这类作品通常会令人失望，属于成功翻拍的“三大要点”。故选B。 12．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The best remakes get their inspiration from abroad. Unfamiliarity with the originals may mean that audiences come in with lower expectations and without any attachment to the original. Take “Bugonia”,starring Emma Stone, set to be released in November. It is an English-language remake of a South Korean film; instead of a male chief executive, the new story centers on a female one.(最出色的翻拍作品往往会借鉴国外的原作。如果观众对原作不熟悉，可能会降低对翻拍作品的期望值，而且也不会对原作产生深厚的感情。比如即将于11月上映的《布格尼亚》，由艾玛·斯通主演，这是一部翻拍自韩国电影的英语版影片；新故事中不再以男性企业高管为主角，而是以女性为主角展开)”可知，作为经典作品的翻拍之作，《布格尼亚》比《白雪公主》更有成功的机会是因为《布格尼亚》被视为一部原创影片，而非翻拍之作，所以它不必达到观众的高期望值。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海市曹杨中学·期末） Many people believe it’s possible to become immune to colds. Unfortunately, Dr. Ranit Mishori, of Georgetown University Hospital, says, that’s not the case. “There are about 200 different viruses that cause the common cold and people think that once you get infected one time you develop immunity for the rest of your life. This is wrong,” she said. There are many other common beliefs about colds that medical science does not support. How many of us believe the main cause of the common cold is exposure to cold temperatures? Even some studies have shown that people get sick more frequently during the winter. But Dr. Mishori says it is not because of the cold weather. “It’s because people tend to congregate and be together and the way the common cold virus is transmitted from one person to another is through handshake, through sneezing, or through coughing on one another.” While there is no actual cure for the common cold, Dr. Mishori says there are still a few things you can do to help reduce its duration and intensity. Though the medical community says Vitamin C does not help prevent colds, there is definitely some proof that it helps keep them from being as bad. In addition, medical science says honey and chicken soup are effective against colds. Especially honey. “Chicken soup has anti-inflammatory properties so it helps reduce the duration of the cold but it also helps clear the mucus”, Dr. Mishori said. There’s also a common belief that you should“feed a cold and starve a fever.” Dr Mishori say“not necessarily.”“If you do have a cold and you don’t feel like eating anything it's not going to hurt you but you have to drink a lot and you can drink water or tea anything that gets fluids into your body,” she said. “That’s very important.” There are many other myths about colds that do not pass scientific muster. Doctors say the best advice is to continue using whatever works best for you. Even if it doesn't make the cold better, it won’t make it worse either-while you wait for the cold to just run its natural course. 13．Medical experts find that people catch cold because ______. A．they fail to develop immunity B．they stay in cold weather C．they transmit the virus themselves D．they like to gather together 14．According to the common belief “feed a cold and starve a fever”, people ______ when catching cold. A．drink a lot to get fluids into their body B．have as much water and tea as possible C．eat a lot even if they don’t feel like eating D．starve themselves to a certain extent to kill the virus 15．In the last paragraph, the sentence“There are many other myths about colds that do not pass scientific muster” means that many other myths regarding colds ______. A．are not related to science B．are not convincing enough C．do not draw scientific conclusions D．are rejected by the public with a common sense 16．What is the passage mainly about? A．Ways to reduce duration and intensity of cold. B．Scientific discoveries on the basis of myths. C．Effects of different food on overcoming cold. D．The old myths and new facts concerning cold. 【答案】13．C 14．C 15．A 16．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一些关于感冒的常见错误观点以及科学的医学解释。 13．细节理解题。根据第二段中“It’s because people tend to congregate and be together and the way the common cold virus is transmitted from one person to another is through handshake, through sneezing, or through coughing on one another.(这是因为人们倾向于聚集在一起，普通感冒病毒从一个人传播到另一个人的方式是通过握手、打喷嚏或彼此咳嗽。)”可知，医学专家发现人们感冒是因为他们自己传播病毒。故选C。 14．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“There’s also a common belief that you should‘feed a cold and starve a fever.’ Dr Mishori say‘not necessarily.’‘If you do have a cold and you don’t feel like eating anything it's not going to hurt you but you have to drink a lot and you can drink water or tea anything that gets fluids into your body,’ she said. ‘That’s very important.’(还有一种普遍的说法是‘感冒宜吃，发烧宜饿’。Mishori博士说，‘不一定’。她说：‘如果你真的感冒了，你不想吃任何东西，这不会伤害你，但你必须喝很多水，你可以喝水或茶，任何让液体进入你的身体的东西。这是非常重要的。’)”可推知，根据“感冒宜吃，发烧宜饿”的普遍观念，人们即使感冒时不想吃，也应该多吃。故选C。 15．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Doctors say the best advice is to continue using whatever works best for you. Even if it doesn’t make the cold better, it won’t make it worse either-while you wait for the cold to just run its natural course.(医生说，最好的建议是继续使用对你最有效的药物。即使它不能使感冒好转，也不会使它更糟——在你等待感冒自然发展的过程中)”可知推知，“There are many other myths about cold that not pass scientific gather”这句话的意思是，关于感冒的许多其他神话并不被科学接受，所以最好的建议是继续使用对你最有效的药物。故选A。 16．主旨大意题。根据第二段中“There are many other common beliefs about colds that medical science does not support. How many of us believe the main cause of the common cold is exposure to cold temperatures?(还有许多其他关于感冒的常见信念，医学科学并不支持。我们中有多少人认为普通感冒的主要原因是暴露在低温下？)”并结合文章主要说明了一些关于感冒的常见错误观点以及科学的医学解释可知，这篇文章主要讲的是关于感冒的旧神话和新事实。故选D。 主题03 人与自然—— Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海市闵行区六校联考·期末） Before arriving in Paris, Wu Shuyun, a 56-year-old Chinese housewife, imagined the French capital to be like film set for a romantic love story, picturing herself as a fashionable princess surrounded by elegant Parisians. Instead, Ms. Wu said she was shocked by the cigarette butts and dog poo on the street, and the indifference of the locals. Though friends had warmed her about thieves targeting Chinese people, she said she was nevertheless surprised when a number of her tour group was robbed on a crowded Metro train, as other passengers looked on. “For the Chinese, France has always been romantic, mysterious and attractive,” Ms. Wu said after a two-week tour. “Once I realized that the Parisians were indifferent, I made a decision: try to make the most of the trip, but never come back to Paris again.” Psychologists warned that Chinese tourists, shaken by disappointment, were at risk of Paris Syndrome, a condition during which foreigners suffer depression and anxiety when their rosy imagination of champagne, magnificent architecture and Monet are destroyed. The expression was coined 30 years ago by Paris-based Japanese psychiatrist, Hiroaki Ota, after several Japanese visitors to Paris fell ill when their culture of politeness was met with French arrogance. Thomas Deschamps, the head of research at the Paris Tourism Office, said culture shock was particularly common among travelers from Asia, who sometimes wrongly regarded the French capital as a museum. “They watch movies like Amelie. They think all Parisians carry Louis Vuitton purses and smell like Dior,” Thomas said. “They don’t know about the working-class suburbs, the overworked waiters, the more unpleasant parts of the city. Paris is not a museum. People are busy. They are stressed and living their lives.” To help protect Chinese tourists, the local tourism industry has redoubled its efforts to be more culturally sensitive. An online guide for hotels and businesses notes that for serving Chinese visitors, “a simple smile and hello in their language will obviously put them at ease.” 21．According to the passage, what surprised Wu Shuyun during her trip to Paris? A．The elegant Parisians and romantic atmosphere. B．The dirty streets and indifferent local people. C．The famous museums and historical landmarks. D．The warm welcome from French hotel staff. 22．Why does the author mention “Paris Syndrome” in the passage? A．To emphasize the severe medical risks of traveling abroad. B．To criticize Japanese tourists for overreacting to culture shock. C．To highlight the psychological impact of unmet expectations. D．To promote better mental health services for foreign visitors. 23．What can be inferred from Thomas Deschamps’ comments about Paris? A．Parisians dislike tourists who idealize their city. B．Movies often provide an unrealistic portrayal of Paris. C．Working-class Parisians are more welcoming to visitors. D．The city’s museums are the main cause of culture shock. 24．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To criticize Paris for its poor urban management and unfriendly locals. B．To explain why Chinese tourists often experience disappointment in Paris. C．To compare cultural differences between Asian and French travelers. D．To suggest solutions for reducing culture shock among Chinese visitors. 【答案】21．B 22．C 23．B 24．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了中国游客吴淑云（音译）在巴黎旅游时因现实与想象落差产生失望情绪，引出 “巴黎综合征” 这一现象，介绍其由来，并通过巴黎旅游办公室研究负责人的话解释游客产生这种心理落差的原因，当地旅游业也在努力缓解这种文化冲击。 21．细节理解题。根据第二段“Ms. Wu said she was shocked by the cigarette butts and dog poo on the street, and the indifference of the locals. (吴女士说，她对街上的烟头和狗屎，以及当地人的冷漠感到震惊)” 可知，吴淑云在巴黎之行中，对脏乱的街道和冷漠的当地人感到惊讶。故选B。 22．推理判断题。根据第四段“Psychologists warned that Chinese tourists, shaken by disappointment, were at risk of Paris Syndrome, a condition during which foreigners suffer depression and anxiety when their rosy imagination of champagne, magnificent architecture and Monet are destroyed.(心理学家警告说，失望动摇了中国游客的心理，他们面临着 “巴黎综合征” 的风险，这种情况下，外国人对香槟、宏伟建筑和莫奈的美好想象破灭时，会遭受抑郁和焦虑)” 可知，作者提到 “巴黎综合征” 是为了突出未满足期望带来的心理影响。故选C。 23．推理判断题。根据第七段“They watch movies like Amelie. They think all Parisians carry Louis Vuitton purses and smell like Dior,(他们看像《天使爱美丽》这样的电影。他们认为所有巴黎人都拿着路易威登手袋，身上散发着迪奥的香味)” 可知，托马斯・德尚的话表明电影常常对巴黎进行不切实际的描绘。故选B。 24．推理判断题。讲述了中国游客吴淑云在巴黎旅游时因现实与想象落差产生失望情绪，引出 “巴黎综合征” 这一现象，介绍其由来，并通过巴黎旅游办公室研究负责人的话解释游客产生这种心理落差的原因。所以主要目的是解释中国游客在巴黎常感到失望的原因。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海市宝山区行知中学·期末） The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants. The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further — changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. “We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,” explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT. One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow (发光) experiments using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps. In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed (喷洒) onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight. Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source (电源) — such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway — a lot of energy is lost during transmission (传输). Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy. 25．What is the main goal of MIT engineers in their plant experimenting? A．To make everyday objects much more functional B．To study the connection between plants and crime rates C．To make plants take the place of functions of daily objects D．To increase employee productivity through office plants 26．What does the word “faint” in paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．bright B．unconscious C．brief D．weak 27．What future improvement does the MIT team hope to achieve? A．Making plants glow bright enough to read by. B．Developing a spray treatment that lasts a plant’s lifetime. C．Designing plants that require a life-long spray treatment. D．Creating plants that glow only at night. 28．Which of the following could be the best title for the text？ A．Could glowing plants reduce energy use? B．How do we live with glowing plants？ C．Could glowing plants replace lamps？ D．How are glowing plants made pollution-free？ 【答案】25．C 26．D 27．B 28．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了麻省理工学院（MIT）工程师通过改造植物结构，使其具备发光等功能，并探讨了该技术在未来替代日常物品功能、节约能源的应用前景。 25．细节理解题。根据第二段“We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,” explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.(麻省理工学院化学工程教授迈克尔・斯特拉诺解释说：我们正在思考如何通过改造植物来替代我们日常使用物品的功能)”可知，MIT工程师实验的主要目标是让植物取代日常物品的功能。故选C项。 26．词义猜测题。根据第三段“The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start (这种光大约是阅读所需亮度的千分之一，这只是一个开始)”可知，光线强度极弱，故faint与weak含义相近，意为“微弱的”。故选D项。 27．细节理解题。根据第四段“In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed (喷洒) onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant's lifetime. (未来，该团队希望开发出一种技术版本，能够通过一次性处理将其喷洒在植物叶片上，且这种处理效果将持续植物的整个生命周期)”可知，MIT团队希望实现的未来改进是开发一种可持续植物一生的喷洒处理技术。故选B项。 28．主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据第三段“Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps. (斯特拉诺说，这项技术未来某天可能会被用于照亮房间，甚至将树木变成自供电的路灯)”可知，文章围绕MIT工程师改造植物使其发光的研究展开，介绍了技术原理、现状及未来应用，重点探讨了发光植物替代灯具的可能性，C项“发光植物能取代灯具吗？”以设问形式概括核心内容，可以作为最佳标题。故选C项。 主题01 人与社会—— Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·上海市格致中学·期末） In the old days — say, the 1980s — if you bought a piece of technology, a paperback user guide came with it. It was the manufacturer’s one big chance to explain its engineers’ thinking to you, to communicate what the designers and marketers had in mind. Supplying documentation seemed, at the time, like a good idea all around. Mastery made customers happy, and happy customers meant repeat sales. But there were other forces at play. Printing and binding took time and money — and customers didn’t seem to be reading user manuals. Over time, therefore, physical manuals began disappearing from our hardware and software boxes. Maybe you’d get a Quick Start leaflet, but the rest was online. Online, you can search for certain terms, find topics faster and post questions for other people. Online communities and answer sites sprang up. Mini tutorials on the Internet began showing you how to perform a task. And it’s all free. Meanwhile the kind of technologies we use has changed. “People increasingly spend time in apps and social sites that have a fairly simple interface (界面),” Tim O’Reilly told me. (He’s founder of O’Reilly Media, which publishes my own how-to books. )You don’t need a manual to use Google. That was the beginning of the end for physical manuals. In principle, the death of professionally prepared support materials shouldn’t be any cause for concern. It’s just another big change caused by the Internet, another in the list of casualties, such as printed encyclopedias, newspaper classified ads and music on discs. In reality, though, none of the tech industry’s teaching channels, whether physical or online, is universal and effective. To this day, it’s astonishing how little we know about our phones, computers and software. A Microsoft product manager once told me that most feature requests the company gets for Microsoft Office are, in fact, already features of Microsoft Office. Hardware and software makers still operate with their traditional business model: Every year or so they sell us a new version, whose appeal is supposed to be more features. And so, as time goes by, our devices and apps become more and more complex — but access to documentation remains limited and incomplete. In the fantasy version of our world, designers would make our tech products simple enough, their important features obvious enough, for the masses to figure out on their own. Until then, there will be a growing information gap between the features we want and the engineering work that’s already been done. 29．The word “casualties” (paragraph 6) is closest in meaning to___________. A．causes B．manuals C．industries D．victims 30．Why did the author mention what a Microsoft product manager once told him? A．To criticize the lack of access that we have to complete documentation. B．To reveal the traditional business model that software makers operate with. C．To emphasize that it is a pity that physical manuals are no longer available. D．To illustrate that people actually know little about the tech products they use. 31．What can be inferred from the passage? A．Tech companies’ teaching channels are shrinking as time goes by. B．There is little chance that tech products will soon be simple enough. C．Printed manuals worked better than online versions. D．Consumers of the 1980s loved to read user manuals. 32．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A．What Happened to User Manuals? B．How Did Physical Manuals Prosper? C．How Simple Will Our Tech Products Be? D．What Change Has the Internet Brought About? 【答案】29．D 30．D 31．B 32．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章围绕用户手册展开，阐述其发展历程与影响。往昔购买科技产品会配备纸质手册，用于传达设计理念、促进销售，却因成本及用户阅读习惯问题，逐渐被在线资料替代，同时产品界面简化也减少对手册依赖。但当下，无论是纸质还是在线教学渠道都难以有效帮助用户了解产品。制造商不断推出复杂新产品，却缺乏完整说明，致使用户需求与产品实际功能间信息鸿沟渐大，尽管理想是产品简单易用，但目前尚未达成。 29．词义猜测题。根据第六段中“In principle, the death of professionally prepared support materials shouldn’t be any cause for concern.( 原则上，专业准备的支持材料的死亡不应该引起任何担忧)”以及划线单词句中“It’s just another big change caused by the Internet, another in the list of casualties, such as printed encyclopedias, newspaper classified ads and music on discs.( 这不过是互联网带来的又一个巨大变化，是印刷版百科全书、报纸分类广告和光盘音乐等诸多casualties中的又一个)”可知，printed encyclopedias（纸质百科全书）、newspaper classified ads（报纸分类广告）和music on discs（光盘音乐）都因互联网而受到影响，这里的casualties该指的是受互联网影响而受损或消失的事物，即“受害者，牺牲品”，与D选项“victims(受害者)”意思最接近。故选D项。 30．推理判断题。根据第七段“To this day, it’s astonishing how little we know about our phones, computers and software. A Microsoft product manager once told me that most feature requests the company gets for Microsoft Office are, in fact, already features of Microsoft Office.( 直到今天，我们对自己的手机、电脑和软件所知甚少，令人惊讶。一位微软的产品经理曾经告诉我，公司收到的关于微软Office的大多数功能要求实际上已经是微软Office的功能了)”可知，很多用户向微软提出的功能需求，其实在微软办公软件中已经存在，这说明人们对自己使用的科技产品了解甚少，作者提及此事是为了阐述这一点。故选D项。 31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In the fantasy version of our world, designers would make our tech products simple enough. their important features obvious enough, for the masses to figure out on their own. Until then, there will be a growing information gap between the features we want and the engineering work that’s already been done.( 在我们幻想的世界里，设计师会让我们的科技产品足够简单。它们的重要特征足够明显，大众可以自己弄清楚。在那之前，我们想要的功能和已经完成的工程工作之间的信息差距将会越来越大)”可知，使科技产品足够简单只是一种幻想，在那之前，人们想要的功能和已完成的工程工作之间的信息差距会越来越大。由此可推断出科技产品短期内不太可能变得足够简单。故选B项。 32．主旨大意题。根据文章大意，以及第一段中“In the old days—say, the 1980s—if you bought a piece of technology, a paperback user guide came with it.( 在过去，比如20世纪80年代，如果你买了一项技术，就会附带一本平装本的用户指南)”和第三段“Over time, therefore, physical manuals began disappearing from our hardware and software boxes. Maybe you’d get a Quick Start leaflet, but the rest was online.( 因此，随着时间的推移，物理手册开始从我们的硬件和软件盒中消失。也许你会得到一份快速入门的传单，但其余的都在网上)”可知，文章开篇讲述过去购买科技产品会附带纸质用户手册，接着阐述随着时间推移，纸质手册逐渐消失的原因，以及现在无论是纸质还是在线的技术支持资料都存在不足，围绕用户手册展开讨论，A选项“What Happened to User Manuals?（用户手册怎么了？）”能很好地概括文章内容，作为标题最合适。故选A项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海市徐汇区南洋中学·期末） Those who had the pleasure of watching Benny Goodman at work saw a rather ordinary-looking man in rimless glasses and a conservative business suit; but they also saw a human being who could play the clarinet(单簧管) like no one before or since. This made Benny Goodman a unique individual. Other Americans who have stood out from the flock include Joe DiMaggio, Beverly Sill, Ernest Hemingway and Jonas Salk. They, like Benny Goodman, were recognized and honored for no other reason than excellence. It is doing something better than other people that makes us unique. Yet a surprising number of people still see individuality as a surface thing. They wear garish clothes, dye their hair strange colors and decorate their skin with tattoos to make some kind of social statement. But an ordinary guy who has dyed his hair purple or orange is nothing more than the same person with a funny-looking head. The whole purpose of individuality is excellence. Those who invent, who improvise(即兴发挥), who know more about a subject than other people do, and who take something that doesn’t work and make it work––these people are the very soul of capitalism. Charles Kettering didn’t like the idea of cranking a car to make it start, so he invented the electric starter. Henry Ford figured out the assembly-line technique and made it possible to mass-produce automobiles, and Elisha Otis, inventor of the elevator, indirectly created the city sky-line. These people understood that individualism means working at the top of one’s capacity. The ones with the purple hair and the funky jewelry are just along for the ride, trying to be “different” and not knowing how to go about it. The student who earns straight A’s on his report card has grasped the idea and has found the real meaning of individuality. So has the youngster who has designed his own spaceship, who gives piano recitals, who paints pictures of the world around him. Benny Goodman understood it too. This is why he was at his best, blowing his clarinet, in a blue suit and black shoes. 33．The author mentions the appearance of Benny Goodman to _________. A．show what a talented musician should look like B．introduce an important figure in the musical world C．contrast with his talent in music performance D．indicate that he can’t stand out from the flock 34．The author would most probably agree that _________. A．an individualist tends to seek difference both in character and appearance B．the essence of individualism lies in pursuing excellence to the full C．being different in appearance is the very first step to being individual D．those who strive to win the recognition of others are real individualists 35．According to the passage, which individual’s actions may not truly embody the essence of individualism? A．A scientist who conducts research solely advancing knowledge for the greater good rather than for personal recognition. B．A social media influencer who conforms to popular opinions to maintain a large following. C．An artist who creates unique works but fail to gain fame and recognition from others. D．An entrepreneur who prioritizes ethical considerations over profit in his business practices. 36．For the main thread, the article is organized by way of __________. A．specific to general B．cause and effect C．examples and conclusion D．comparison and contrast 【答案】33．C 34．B 35．B 36．D 【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是个人主义，个人主义有什么特点。 【详解】33．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Those who had the pleasure of watching Benny Goodman at work saw a rather ordinary-looking man in rimless glasses and a conservative business suit; but they also saw a human being who could play the clarinet(单簧管) like no one before or since. This made Benny Goodman a unique individual. (那些有幸观看本尼·古德曼工作的人看到的是一个相当普通的人，戴着无框眼镜，穿着保守的西装;但他们也看到了一个能演奏单簧管的人，在这之前和之后都没有人能做到。这使本尼·古德曼成为一个独特的个体。)”可知，作者提到本尼·古德曼的外表与他在音乐表演方面的天赋形成对比。故选C。 34．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The whole purpose of individuality is excellence. Those who invent, who improvise(即兴发挥), who know more about a subject than other people do, and who take something that doesn’t work and make it work—these people are the very soul of capitalism. (个性的全部目的就是追求卓越。那些发明创造，即兴发挥，比别人更了解一个主题，并采取无效的东西，并使其发挥作用的人-这些人是资本主义的灵魂。)”可知，作者可能同意个人主义的本质在于追求卓越。故选B。 35．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Charles Kettering didn’t like the idea of cranking a car to make it start, so he invented the electric starter. Henry Ford figured out the assembly-line technique and made it possible to mass-produce automobiles, and Elisha Otis, inventor of the elevator, indirectly created the city sky-line. These people understood that individualism means working at the top of one’s capacity. (查尔斯·凯特林不喜欢用曲棍发动汽车，所以他发明了电动启动器。亨利·福特发明了装配线技术，使大规模生产汽车成为可能，而电梯的发明者伊莱沙·奥蒂斯间接地创造了城市的天际线。这些人明白，个人主义意味着尽自己最大的努力工作。)”可知，一个符合大众观点保持大量追随者的社交媒体影响者不能真正体现个人主义的本质。故选B。 36．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Those who had the pleasure of watching Benny Goodman at work saw a rather ordinary-looking man in rimless glasses and a conservative business suit; but they also saw a human being who could play the clarinet(单簧管) like no one before or since. This made Benny Goodman a unique individual. (那些有幸观看本尼·古德曼工作的人看到的是一个相当普通的人，戴着无框眼镜，穿着保守的西装;但他们也看到了一个能演奏单簧管的人，在这之前和之后都没有人能做到。这使本尼·古德曼成为一个独特的个体。)”和第三段“It is doing something better than other people that makes us unique. Yet a surprising number of people still see individuality as a surface thing. They wear garish clothes, dye their hair strange colors and decorate their skin with tattoos to make some kind of social statement. But an ordinary guy who has dyed his hair purple or orange is nothing more than the same person with a funny-looking head. (比别人做得更好让我们与众不同。然而，令人惊讶的是，仍有相当多的人认为个性只是表面现象。他们穿着花哨的衣服，把头发染成奇怪的颜色，用纹身装饰自己的皮肤，以表达某种社会声明。但是一个把头发染成紫色或橙色的普通人只不过是一个长着滑稽脑袋的人。)”可知，本文主要采用比较和对比的方式进行组织。故选D。 主题02 人与自我—— Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海市浦东新区华东师范大学第二附属中学·期末） As is the fate of anyone running a hotel in Kerala these days, Bijoy George is a man with too much to do. Before pandemic-caused lockdowns began in 2020, he managed 40 employees at the Eighth Bastion Hotel in the charming historic quarter of Kochi, a bustling coastal city. Now that business is back to pre-covid levels he needs the same number of staff again. But he has only 20 workers. His plight is shared with every other hotel, café and bar. It is a result of the state’s hospitality (招待) employees moving all together in large numbers to Qatar, not to watch football but to take up employment tied to the World Cup. As the start of the competition approaches on November 20th, workers are quitting at a rate Mr. George says he has never seen in his 22 years in the business. Qatar, a country with a population of under 3m, will have welcomed more than 1.5m visitors before the matches conclude on December 18th. That means finding staff to run all the new hotels that have been built along with other venues that have been pressed into service to profit from the sports fans. Kerala has long been a significant source of hospitality workers for Qatar and other Middle Eastern countries. Its state government provides good schools with English-language instruction but few jobs. More than 2m people, 17% of its working population, already work overseas, largely in the Gulf. The appeal of Qatar is straightforward. Starting salaries approach $1,000 a month, more than six times the level for similar jobs in Kerala. To replace those who have left, Kerala’s employers have been casting their nets wider. Recruiters have been extending their searches to many other Indian cities. But that means the most common word on name-tags pinned to the breast pockets of workers is “trainee”. Among the many skills that need to be taught, says Mr. George, is smiling at customers — the failure to do so a result of shyness among those new to the workforce. The danger is that after a week or so when confidence grows, even these employees may slip away to the Gulf. Most contracts run for three months, concluding at the end of December, not long after the World Cup final. Returning workers will be welcomed back with open arms. Filling the gaps is even more important as Indian tourism and weddings have restarted. The reunions, though, may be short-lived. The game these workers will have learned from the World Cup is how to be paid better. That means leaving India. 37．The underlined sentence in paragraph one implies that __________. A．other hotels, cafes and bars will share Bijoy’s 20 employees B．other hotels, cafes and bars will have to lay off some workers C．other hotels, cafes and bars also send the workers to Qatar D．other hotels, cafes and bars also find it hard to employ enough workers 38．Which of the following DOESN’T contribute to hospitality workers in Kerala taking up jobs in Qatar? A．Millions of tourists have to be served during the World Cup. B．Hospitality workers are in high demand with new hotels and venues open for business in Qatar. C．Qatar provides good education and English training for potential workers in Kerala. D．The salaries of similar jobs in Kerala are much lower than those in Qatar. 39．Which of the following difficulties do Kerala’s employers face due to lack of workers? A．Kerala’s employers have to take on new employees in Asian cities. B．Many of the new employees will pin their name tags to their breast pockets. C．The new employees will not greet the customers as a result of shyness. D．The new employees may soon follow the trend of going to the Gulf. 40．What makes the reunions between Indian workers and employers probably a short-lived one? A．Jobs outside India can provide Indian workers with a more decent life. B．It will soon be the off season for Indian tourism and weddings. C．Another grand occasion will soon begin in the Gulf. D．The workers only sign short-term contracts with the employers in India. 【答案】37．D 38．C 39．D 40．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，疫情结束后，喀拉拉邦酒店营业恢复到疫情前水平，需要疫情前同样数量的员工，但由于该地区酒店业员工大量搬到卡塔尔的结果（为了从事与世界杯相关的工作），难以招到人手，喀拉拉邦采取措施，招聘短期合同工以满足卡塔尔世界杯期间的工作需求。 37．词句猜测题。由第一段中的“Now that business is back to pre-covid levels he needs the same number of staff again. But he has only 20 workers. His plight is shared with every other hotel, café and bar. It is a result of the state’s hospitality (招待) employees moving all together in large numbers to Qatar, not to watch football but to take up employment tied to the World Cup. (现在业务已经恢复到新冠疫情前的水平，他再次需要同样数量的员工。但他只有20名工人。His plight is shared with every other hotel, café and bar. 这是该州酒店业员工大量搬到卡塔尔的结果，他们不是为了看足球，而是为了从事与世界杯相关的工作)”可知，疫情结束后，喀拉拉邦酒店营业恢复到疫情前水平，需要疫情前同样数量的员工，但由于该地区酒店业员工大量搬到卡塔尔的结果（为了从事与世界杯相关的工作），Bijoy George经营的酒店和其它酒店等机构难以招到人手，画线句意为“其他酒店、咖啡馆和酒吧也发现很难雇佣足够的员工”。故选D项。 38．细节理解题。由第二段中的“Qatar, a country with a population of under 3m, will have welcomed more than 1.5m visitors before the matches conclude on December 18th. That means finding staff to run all the new hotels that have been built along with other venues that have been pressed into service to profit from the sports fans. (卡塔尔是一个人口不到300万的国家，在12月18日世界杯比赛结束前，卡塔尔将迎来150多万游客。这意味着要找到员工来管理所有新建的酒店，以及其他被迫投入服务以从体育迷那里获利的场馆)”，和第四段中的“The appeal of Qatar is straightforward. Starting salaries approach $1,000 a month, more than six times the level for similar jobs in Kerala. (卡塔尔的吸引力显而易见。起薪接近每月1000美元，是喀拉拉邦类似工作水平的六倍多)”可知，“世界杯期间要接待数以百万计的游客”，“随着卡塔尔新酒店和场所的开业，酒店员工的需求量很大”和“喀拉拉邦类似工作的薪低于卡塔尔”对喀拉拉邦的酒店员工在卡塔尔工作有帮助，C项“卡塔尔为喀拉拉邦的潜在工人提供良好的教育和英语培训”表述有误，对其无帮助。故选C项。 39．细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“The danger is that after a week or so when confidence grows, even these employees may slip away to the Gulf. (危险在于，一周左右后，当信心增强时，即使是这些员工也可能前往海湾地区)”可知，喀拉拉邦的雇主雇佣其它印度城市的员工，把他们培训好后，这些新员工可能很快就会追随去海湾地区工作的潮流。故选D项。 40．细节理解题。由最后一段中的“The reunions, though, may be short-lived. The game these workers will have learned from the World Cup is how to be paid better. That means leaving India. (不过，重聚可能是短暂的。这些工人将从世界杯中学到的技巧是如何获得更好的报酬。这意味着要离开印度)”可知，印度以外的工作可以为印度工人提供更好的报酬、更体面的生活，所以印度工人会离开印度，他们和雇主之间的团聚可能是短暂的。故选A项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海市静安区市西中学·期末） Odeku was not found through traditional scouting (球探) methods. In his East London park, he set up his phone and filmed himself doing exercises like 30-second push-ups, 10-meter sprints, and side jumps. AiSCOUT’s AI platform analyzed his movements. The platform, created by data scientists and top scouts, tests players with standard exercises and provides immediate feedback using machine learning algorithms (算法). The idea came from founder Darren Peries’ frustration when his son was let go by Tottenham’s academy at 16 without any performance records. “Clubs had no footage or data to evaluate him again,” says COO Richard Felton-Thomas. “While senior teams use advanced tracking, youth football, even at top academies, lacks good data.” After seven months of studying millions of data points, AiSCOUT now tracks details like joint angles during jumps and speed patterns, giving feedback within an hour. Top performers move on to ball-skill tests. Odeku’s trial for Burnley involved moving the ball through seven markers filmed in his local park. His speed and control earned him an invitation to the club’s training center, a big turn-around for a player who had been dropped by Premier League academies for being “too small.” “This technology fixes partiality—which means academies tend to prefer players who are already physically developed.” says Felton-Thomas. “As a result, Late bloomers like Odeku, who grew later, get missed.” AiSCOUT helps clubs keep track of players’ progress, including physical and skill improvements. Unlike traditional scouting, where experts travel to matches hoping to find talent, AiSCOUT works with teams like Chelsea and Burnley to find hidden players. “We spot players who have been overlooked,” says Felton-Thomas. The platform even helps recruit Under-8 players by using measures like sprint speed and decision-making. For Odeku, now playing for Haringey Borough’s senior team, the app replaced luck with clear, measurable data. “Before, you needed perfect timing—a scout watching you on your best day,” he says. His trial, filmed in a park, earned him a Burnley invite and gave him confidence: “That session made me feel like I belong.” AiSCOUT turns subjective talent spotting into measurable analysis, giving more opportunities to players while helping clubs make smarter, data-driven decisions. This is changing the future of football. 17．What led to the creation of the AiSCOUT platform? A．A lack of skilled coaches in junior football clubs. B．A top club’s request for more fitness tracking tools. C．An absence of youth football performance data. D．A need to increase sponsorship for youth programs. 18．The underlined word “partiality” in paragraph 4 probably means ________ A．preference for certain players or types B．interest in measuring player growth C．emphasis on physical traits over skill D．neglect of early-developing players 19．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Odeku submitted match highlights from a tournament. B．AiSCOUT promotes fairer and more data-driven decisions. C．AiSCOUT is mainly useful for advanced professional teams. D．Odeku got a trial opportunity based on luck. 20．Which of the following can be the best title for this passage? A．From Parks to Stardom: A Young Footballer’s Story B．The Rise of AI Fitness Tools for Youth Training C．How Premier League Clubs Develop Future Stars D．AI Revolutionizes Football Talent Discovery 【答案】17．C 18．A 19．B 20．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 AiSCOUT 平台的诞生背景、运作方式及其对足球人才发现的革命性影响。该平台利用人工智能和数据分析，改变了传统球探模式，为更多被忽视的球员提供了机会。 17．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“‘Clubs had no footage or data to evaluate him again,’ says COO Richard Felton-Thomas. ‘While senior teams use advanced tracking, youth football, even at top academies, lacks good data.’(首席运营官理查德・费尔顿 - 托马斯表示：“俱乐部没有录像或数据来再次评估他。尽管成年队使用先进的追踪技术，但青年足球，甚至是顶级学院的青年足球，都缺乏良好的数据。”)”可知，俱乐部没有录像或数据来再次评估球员，即使是顶级学院的青年足球也缺乏良好的数据，这直接导致了AiSCOUT平台的创建。故选C项。 18．词义猜测题。根据第四段“which means academies tend to prefer players who are already physically developed(这意味着学院往往更偏爱身体已经发育成熟的球员) ”可知，下文说的是学院往往更偏爱身体已经发育成熟的球员，可推理出划线词“partiality”的意思是对某些球员或类型的偏爱。故选A项。 19．推理判断题。根据最后一段“AiSCOUT turns subjective talent spotting into measurable analysis, giving more opportunities to players while helping clubs make smarter, data-driven decisions.( AiSCOUT将主观的人才发掘转化为可量化的分析，为球员创造更多机会，同时帮助俱乐部做出更明智、基于数据的决策)”可知，AiSCOUT帮助俱乐部做出更明智、基于数据的决。可推断出，AiSCOUT促进了更公平、更基于数据的决策。故选B项。 20．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Odeku was not found through traditional scouting (球探) methods. In his East London park, he set up his phone and filmed himself doing exercises like 30-second push-ups, 10-meter sprints, and side jumps. AiSCOUT’s AI platform analyzed his movements. The platform, created by data scientists and top scouts, tests players with standard exercises and provides immediate feedback using machine learning algorithms(算法)( 奥德库并不是通过传统的球探方式被发现的。在他伦敦东部的公园里，他架起手机，拍摄自己进行诸如30秒俯卧撑、10米短跑和侧跳等练习。AiSCOUT的人工智能平台分析了他的运动表现。该平台由数据科学家和顶级球探共同创建，通过标准化测试对球员进行评估，并利用机器学习算法提供即时反馈)”、第二段“‘Clubs had no footage or data to evaluate him again,’ says COO Richard Felton-Thomas. ‘While senior teams use advanced tracking, youth football, even at top academies, lacks good data.’(首席运营官理查德・费尔顿 - 托马斯表示：“俱乐部没有录像或数据来再次评估他。尽管成年队使用先进的追踪技术，但青年足球，甚至是顶级学院的青年足球，都缺乏良好的数据。”)”以及最后一段“AiSCOUT turns subjective talent spotting into measurable analysis, giving more opportunities to players while helping clubs make smarter, data-driven decisions.( AiSCOUT将主观的人才发掘转化为可量化的分析，为球员创造更多机会，同时帮助俱乐部做出更明智、基于数据的决策)”可知，文章主要讲述了AiSCOUT平台利用人工智能技术改变了传统的足球人才发现方式，实现了数据驱动的人才分析。D选项“AI Revolutionizes Football Talent Discovery(人工智能革新足球人才发现)”准确概括了文章主旨，适合用作本文标题。故选D项。 1 / 26 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 阅读理解说明文 主题01 人与社会—— Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·上海市控江中学·期末） All over the world, from Baltimore to Auckland, coastal cities are facing the same issue: the regeneration of their docklands (码头区). These areas, which were once at the very heart of urban activity, have emptied over time as modern shipping requirements have moved the docks further out of town. The resultant migration of population and decline in commercial activity are two effects which therefore need to be addressed. A key factor in this has been the growth of the container industry, now responsible for over 75% of goods transported worldwide. As a consequence of this, ships have progressively increased in size to such a degree that larger docks are required and more sophisticated and efficient cranes. This has led to the decline of city-centre docks along with services and homes connected to them. Another direct result of this is that ships spend less time in port, and thus there are fewer crew members spending money in these areas. One alternative source of revenue is the cruise industry, with a number of cities building facilities for cruise liners which can bring over 5,000 tourists into a place in one day. As a result of this migration from waterfront areas, hundreds of acres of land have been left to waste away. This has meant in some cities an increase in crime in these parts as gangs have taken control and squatters (擅自占用他人房子的人) have taken up residence. As the situation has got worse, the appeal of these areas for locals or tourists has decreased. This vicious circle can only be broken through redevelopment. Governments, therefore, have had to make important financial and strategic decisions about these waterfronts, whether they are giving onto a river, a lake, a bay or the sea. In Baltimore, for example, the decision was taken to regenerate the docklands as an area for professional offices and small start-ups as well as remarketing the area as a destination for conferences, events, cyclists and urban tourists. This meant that all the services and infrastructure required for these segments had to be put in place. I think the statistics attached prove that the project was a great success, due in part to the consultation and planning stages, which led to a unified plan. In conclusion, I would state that although it is sad to see the decline of such important historical waterfront areas, the resulting renovation can lead to economic and social improvements of great value. I would therefore strongly advocate regeneration plans which bring services, activity and people back to these wastelands and which restore them to an important role in the city. 1．The second paragraph is mainly about ________. A．changes in shipping B．the decline of the docklands C．a solution to docklands’ decline D．the rise of the cruise industry 2．Migration from the docklands had led to ________. A．poverty B．homelessness C．an increase in crime D．less appealing residences 3．According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? A．Baltimore handled the planning stages well. B．The Baltimore regeneration was mainly for tourists. C．These days, crew members spend a lot of time in port spending money. D．Overall, the author is not in favour of the regeneration of dockland areas. 4．The last paragraph offers ________. A．a regeneration plan that is worth advocating B．another example of renovation that succeeds C．an accurate prediction about waterfronts’ future D．the author’s perspective on improving waterfront areas Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海市复旦大学附属中学·期末） Do you like the thick brush strokes and soft color palettes of an impressionist painting such as those by Claude Monet? Or do you prefer the bold colors and abstract shapes of a Rothko? Individual art tastes have a certain mystique to them, but now a new Caltech study shows that a simple computer program can accurately predict which paintings a person will like. The new study asked more than 1,500 volunteers to rate paintings in the genres of impressionism, cubism, abstract, and color field. The volunteers’ answers were fed into a computer program, which then could predict the volunteers’ art preferences. The findings not only demonstrated that computers could make these predictions but also led to a new understanding about how people judge art. “The main point is that we are gaining an insight into the mechanism that people use to make aesthetic judgments,” says O’Doherty, a neuroscientist in the team. In the study, the team programmed the computer to break a painting's visual attributes down into what they called low-level features—traits like contrast, saturation (饱和度), and color—as well as high-level features, which require human judgment and include traits such as whether the painting is dynamic or still. The computer program then estimates how much a specific feature is taken into account when making a decision about how much to like a particular piece of art. Both features are combined when making these decisions. Once the computer has estimated that, then it can successfully predict a person’s liking for another previously unseen piece of art. The researchers also discovered that the volunteers tended to cluster into three general categories: those who like paintings with real-life objects, such as an impressionist painting; those who like colorful abstract paintings; and those who like complex paintings, such as Picasso’s cubist portraits. The majority of people fell into the first “real-life object” category. While the computer program was successful at predicting the volunteers’ art preferences, the researchers say there is still more to learn about the nuances that go into any one individual’s taste. “There are aspects of individual preferences that we have not succeeded in explaining using this method,” says O’Doherty. “This more idiosyncratic component may relate to past experiences and other personal traits that might influence valuation.” 5．What was the main purpose of the Caltech study mentioned in the passage? A．To examine why people have different tastes in paintings. B．To compare different painting styles like impressionism and cubism. C．To prove that computers can create better art than humans. D．To determine the accuracy of computers’ prediction of art preferences. 6．Which of the following statements is TRUE about “high-level features” in the study? A．They were ignored by the computer program in the study. B．They involve subjective judgment. C．They are less accurate than low-level features in predicting preferences. D．They are easily quantifiable by machines. 7．The word “idiosyncratic” in the last paragraph most closely means A．vital B．predictable C．individual D．complex 8．Based on the passage, what is the likely next step for this research? A．Teaching computers to paint original artwork. B．Incorporating additional personal data into the prediction model. C．Eliminating the use of low-level features in predictions. D．Focusing mainly on impressionist paintings. 主题02 人与自我—— Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海市上海交通大学附属中学·期末） Unhappily ever after “Snow White”, Disney’s live-action remake, had an icy reception before its release in cinemas on March 21st. A trailer posted three months ago has earned just 60,000 likes and over 1m dislikes. “If I saw this movie on a plane I would still walk out,” grumbled one YouTube user. “We thankfully have the technology nowadays to make the animation look worse than the original from 1937,” groaned another. The dwarves, who have been cheeseily rendered with computer-generated imagery, after a row over whether it was politically correct to have actors with dwarfism in their roles. There is also the issue of Rachel Zegler, the actress chosen to play Snow White, who panned the original film as “extremely dated” and said prince “literally stalks” the princess. It turns out fans do not like it when a remake’s heroine villages the classic film that inspired it. By respinning familiar tales, remakes can offer studios a surer path towards commercial riches. In the amount of pushback and controversy it has faced, “Snow White” is unusual. Hence, what makes for a successful remake? It is a question on the minds of many Hollywood executives. Three lessons stand out. First, it is not enough to use state-of-the-art special effects; computer-generated imagery needs to be handled carefully. Of the 20 worst remakes, half are horror films, in part because of their use of unconvincing special effects. In the fifth-worst-rated, a remake in 2005 of John Carpenter’s cult classic “The Fog” from 1980, a super-natural, vengeful fog descends on an island town off the coast of Oregon. Cheap shocks substitute for tension: viewers have complained that the fog moves too quickly and that ghosts in the fog are hokey, a complaint also made by viewers about the dwarves in the new “Snow White”. Second, comedies come with grave risks. This is the worst-performing genre for remakes. Comedy remakes also tend to make the least at the box office. Not a single one significantly outshines the original film it was based on, according to audience ratings. It may be that viewers of comedies and horrors crave an element of surprise, which is hard to offer in a faithful remake, because audiences already know which gags and gasps to expect. The best remakes get their inspiration from abroad. Unfamiliarity with the originals may mean that audiences come in with lower expectations and without any attachment to the original. Take “Bugonia”,starring Emma Stone, set to be released in November. It is an English-language remake of a South Korean film; instead of a male chief executive, the new story centers on a female one. However, audiences, lacking knowledge of the original, are unlikely to kick up a fuss about the change. The same cannot be said of the new “Snow White”, which seems destined for an unhappily-ever-after ending. 9．According to paragraph 1-2, which of the following is a reason why Disney’s remake of “Snow White” was not well-received? A．Inferior animation effects of the main character. B．Audience being unfamiliar with the original story. C．Harsh remarks made by the leading actor/ actress about the original work. D．The unexpected twists in the adaptation of the original plot. 10．The underlined word “row” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______. A．criticism B．protest C．debate D．discussion 11．According to the passage, which of the following is among the “three lessons” for a successful remake? A．Cutting-edge computer-generated imagery should be employed. B．Avoid certain genres, as previous records show that they usually turned out to be disappointments. C．Stay as faithful to the original as possible, as viewers hate the element of surprise. D．Switch the gender of the lead character to satisfy viewers yearn for novelty. 12．As remakes of classics, why does “Bugonia” stand a better chance compared with “Snow White”? A．Because the lead actress enjoys higher popularity and superior acting skills. B．Because “Bugonia” altered the protagonist’s gender to appeal to more female viewers. C．The audience has a deeper affection for the original of “Snow White”, and therefore they won’t tolerate any version of adaptation. D．Regarded as an original movie rather than a remake, “Bugonia” does not have to live up to viewers’ high expectations. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海市曹杨中学·期末） Many people believe it’s possible to become immune to colds. Unfortunately, Dr. Ranit Mishori, of Georgetown University Hospital, says, that’s not the case. “There are about 200 different viruses that cause the common cold and people think that once you get infected one time you develop immunity for the rest of your life. This is wrong,” she said. There are many other common beliefs about colds that medical science does not support. How many of us believe the main cause of the common cold is exposure to cold temperatures? Even some studies have shown that people get sick more frequently during the winter. But Dr. Mishori says it is not because of the cold weather. “It’s because people tend to congregate and be together and the way the common cold virus is transmitted from one person to another is through handshake, through sneezing, or through coughing on one another.” While there is no actual cure for the common cold, Dr. Mishori says there are still a few things you can do to help reduce its duration and intensity. Though the medical community says Vitamin C does not help prevent colds, there is definitely some proof that it helps keep them from being as bad. In addition, medical science says honey and chicken soup are effective against colds. Especially honey. “Chicken soup has anti-inflammatory properties so it helps reduce the duration of the cold but it also helps clear the mucus”, Dr. Mishori said. There’s also a common belief that you should“feed a cold and starve a fever.” Dr Mishori say“not necessarily.”“If you do have a cold and you don’t feel like eating anything it's not going to hurt you but you have to drink a lot and you can drink water or tea anything that gets fluids into your body,” she said. “That’s very important.” There are many other myths about colds that do not pass scientific muster. Doctors say the best advice is to continue using whatever works best for you. Even if it doesn't make the cold better, it won’t make it worse either-while you wait for the cold to just run its natural course. 13．Medical experts find that people catch cold because ______. A．they fail to develop immunity B．they stay in cold weather C．they transmit the virus themselves D．they like to gather together 14．According to the common belief “feed a cold and starve a fever”, people ______ when catching cold. A．drink a lot to get fluids into their body B．have as much water and tea as possible C．eat a lot even if they don’t feel like eating D．starve themselves to a certain extent to kill the virus 15．In the last paragraph, the sentence“There are many other myths about colds that do not pass scientific muster” means that many other myths regarding colds ______. A．are not related to science B．are not convincing enough C．do not draw scientific conclusions D．are rejected by the public with a common sense 16．What is the passage mainly about? A．Ways to reduce duration and intensity of cold. B．Scientific discoveries on the basis of myths. C．Effects of different food on overcoming cold. D．The old myths and new facts concerning cold. 主题03 人与自然—— Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海市闵行区六校联考·期末） Before arriving in Paris, Wu Shuyun, a 56-year-old Chinese housewife, imagined the French capital to be like film set for a romantic love story, picturing herself as a fashionable princess surrounded by elegant Parisians. Instead, Ms. Wu said she was shocked by the cigarette butts and dog poo on the street, and the indifference of the locals. Though friends had warmed her about thieves targeting Chinese people, she said she was nevertheless surprised when a number of her tour group was robbed on a crowded Metro train, as other passengers looked on. “For the Chinese, France has always been romantic, mysterious and attractive,” Ms. Wu said after a two-week tour. “Once I realized that the Parisians were indifferent, I made a decision: try to make the most of the trip, but never come back to Paris again.” Psychologists warned that Chinese tourists, shaken by disappointment, were at risk of Paris Syndrome, a condition during which foreigners suffer depression and anxiety when their rosy imagination of champagne, magnificent architecture and Monet are destroyed. The expression was coined 30 years ago by Paris-based Japanese psychiatrist, Hiroaki Ota, after several Japanese visitors to Paris fell ill when their culture of politeness was met with French arrogance. Thomas Deschamps, the head of research at the Paris Tourism Office, said culture shock was particularly common among travelers from Asia, who sometimes wrongly regarded the French capital as a museum. “They watch movies like Amelie. They think all Parisians carry Louis Vuitton purses and smell like Dior,” Thomas said. “They don’t know about the working-class suburbs, the overworked waiters, the more unpleasant parts of the city. Paris is not a museum. People are busy. They are stressed and living their lives.” To help protect Chinese tourists, the local tourism industry has redoubled its efforts to be more culturally sensitive. An online guide for hotels and businesses notes that for serving Chinese visitors, “a simple smile and hello in their language will obviously put them at ease.” 21．According to the passage, what surprised Wu Shuyun during her trip to Paris? A．The elegant Parisians and romantic atmosphere. B．The dirty streets and indifferent local people. C．The famous museums and historical landmarks. D．The warm welcome from French hotel staff. 22．Why does the author mention “Paris Syndrome” in the passage? A．To emphasize the severe medical risks of traveling abroad. B．To criticize Japanese tourists for overreacting to culture shock. C．To highlight the psychological impact of unmet expectations. D．To promote better mental health services for foreign visitors. 23．What can be inferred from Thomas Deschamps’ comments about Paris? A．Parisians dislike tourists who idealize their city. B．Movies often provide an unrealistic portrayal of Paris. C．Working-class Parisians are more welcoming to visitors. D．The city’s museums are the main cause of culture shock. 24．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To criticize Paris for its poor urban management and unfriendly locals. B．To explain why Chinese tourists often experience disappointment in Paris. C．To compare cultural differences between Asian and French travelers. D．To suggest solutions for reducing culture shock among Chinese visitors. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海市宝山区行知中学·期末） The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants. The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have taken it a step further — changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse, even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when they’re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. “We’re thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,” explained Michael Strano, a professor of chemical engineering at MIT. One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow (发光) experiments using some common vegetables. Strano’s team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours. The light, about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by, is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self-powered street lamps. In the future, the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed (喷洒) onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant’s lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off “switch” where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight. Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source (电源) — such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway — a lot of energy is lost during transmission (传输). Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy. 25．What is the main goal of MIT engineers in their plant experimenting? A．To make everyday objects much more functional B．To study the connection between plants and crime rates C．To make plants take the place of functions of daily objects D．To increase employee productivity through office plants 26．What does the word “faint” in paragraph 3 most probably mean? A．bright B．unconscious C．brief D．weak 27．What future improvement does the MIT team hope to achieve? A．Making plants glow bright enough to read by. B．Developing a spray treatment that lasts a plant’s lifetime. C．Designing plants that require a life-long spray treatment. D．Creating plants that glow only at night. 28．Which of the following could be the best title for the text？ A．Could glowing plants reduce energy use? B．How do we live with glowing plants？ C．Could glowing plants replace lamps？ D．How are glowing plants made pollution-free？ 主题01 人与社会—— Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·上海市格致中学·期末） In the old days — say, the 1980s — if you bought a piece of technology, a paperback user guide came with it. It was the manufacturer’s one big chance to explain its engineers’ thinking to you, to communicate what the designers and marketers had in mind. Supplying documentation seemed, at the time, like a good idea all around. Mastery made customers happy, and happy customers meant repeat sales. But there were other forces at play. Printing and binding took time and money — and customers didn’t seem to be reading user manuals. Over time, therefore, physical manuals began disappearing from our hardware and software boxes. Maybe you’d get a Quick Start leaflet, but the rest was online. Online, you can search for certain terms, find topics faster and post questions for other people. Online communities and answer sites sprang up. Mini tutorials on the Internet began showing you how to perform a task. And it’s all free. Meanwhile the kind of technologies we use has changed. “People increasingly spend time in apps and social sites that have a fairly simple interface (界面),” Tim O’Reilly told me. (He’s founder of O’Reilly Media, which publishes my own how-to books. )You don’t need a manual to use Google. That was the beginning of the end for physical manuals. In principle, the death of professionally prepared support materials shouldn’t be any cause for concern. It’s just another big change caused by the Internet, another in the list of casualties, such as printed encyclopedias, newspaper classified ads and music on discs. In reality, though, none of the tech industry’s teaching channels, whether physical or online, is universal and effective. To this day, it’s astonishing how little we know about our phones, computers and software. A Microsoft product manager once told me that most feature requests the company gets for Microsoft Office are, in fact, already features of Microsoft Office. Hardware and software makers still operate with their traditional business model: Every year or so they sell us a new version, whose appeal is supposed to be more features. And so, as time goes by, our devices and apps become more and more complex — but access to documentation remains limited and incomplete. In the fantasy version of our world, designers would make our tech products simple enough, their important features obvious enough, for the masses to figure out on their own. Until then, there will be a growing information gap between the features we want and the engineering work that’s already been done. 29．The word “casualties” (paragraph 6) is closest in meaning to___________. A．causes B．manuals C．industries D．victims 30．Why did the author mention what a Microsoft product manager once told him? A．To criticize the lack of access that we have to complete documentation. B．To reveal the traditional business model that software makers operate with. C．To emphasize that it is a pity that physical manuals are no longer available. D．To illustrate that people actually know little about the tech products they use. 31．What can be inferred from the passage? A．Tech companies’ teaching channels are shrinking as time goes by. B．There is little chance that tech products will soon be simple enough. C．Printed manuals worked better than online versions. D．Consumers of the 1980s loved to read user manuals. 32．Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A．What Happened to User Manuals? B．How Did Physical Manuals Prosper? C．How Simple Will Our Tech Products Be? D．What Change Has the Internet Brought About? Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海市徐汇区南洋中学·期末） Those who had the pleasure of watching Benny Goodman at work saw a rather ordinary-looking man in rimless glasses and a conservative business suit; but they also saw a human being who could play the clarinet(单簧管) like no one before or since. This made Benny Goodman a unique individual. Other Americans who have stood out from the flock include Joe DiMaggio, Beverly Sill, Ernest Hemingway and Jonas Salk. They, like Benny Goodman, were recognized and honored for no other reason than excellence. It is doing something better than other people that makes us unique. Yet a surprising number of people still see individuality as a surface thing. They wear garish clothes, dye their hair strange colors and decorate their skin with tattoos to make some kind of social statement. But an ordinary guy who has dyed his hair purple or orange is nothing more than the same person with a funny-looking head. The whole purpose of individuality is excellence. Those who invent, who improvise(即兴发挥), who know more about a subject than other people do, and who take something that doesn’t work and make it work––these people are the very soul of capitalism. Charles Kettering didn’t like the idea of cranking a car to make it start, so he invented the electric starter. Henry Ford figured out the assembly-line technique and made it possible to mass-produce automobiles, and Elisha Otis, inventor of the elevator, indirectly created the city sky-line. These people understood that individualism means working at the top of one’s capacity. The ones with the purple hair and the funky jewelry are just along for the ride, trying to be “different” and not knowing how to go about it. The student who earns straight A’s on his report card has grasped the idea and has found the real meaning of individuality. So has the youngster who has designed his own spaceship, who gives piano recitals, who paints pictures of the world around him. Benny Goodman understood it too. This is why he was at his best, blowing his clarinet, in a blue suit and black shoes. 33．The author mentions the appearance of Benny Goodman to _________. A．show what a talented musician should look like B．introduce an important figure in the musical world C．contrast with his talent in music performance D．indicate that he can’t stand out from the flock 34．The author would most probably agree that _________. A．an individualist tends to seek difference both in character and appearance B．the essence of individualism lies in pursuing excellence to the full C．being different in appearance is the very first step to being individual D．those who strive to win the recognition of others are real individualists 35．According to the passage, which individual’s actions may not truly embody the essence of individualism? A．A scientist who conducts research solely advancing knowledge for the greater good rather than for personal recognition. B．A social media influencer who conforms to popular opinions to maintain a large following. C．An artist who creates unique works but fail to gain fame and recognition from others. D．An entrepreneur who prioritizes ethical considerations over profit in his business practices. 36．For the main thread, the article is organized by way of __________. A．specific to general B．cause and effect C．examples and conclusion D．comparison and contrast 主题02 人与自我—— Passage 1 （24-25高一下·上海市浦东新区华东师范大学第二附属中学·期末） As is the fate of anyone running a hotel in Kerala these days, Bijoy George is a man with too much to do. Before pandemic-caused lockdowns began in 2020, he managed 40 employees at the Eighth Bastion Hotel in the charming historic quarter of Kochi, a bustling coastal city. Now that business is back to pre-covid levels he needs the same number of staff again. But he has only 20 workers. His plight is shared with every other hotel, café and bar. It is a result of the state’s hospitality (招待) employees moving all together in large numbers to Qatar, not to watch football but to take up employment tied to the World Cup. As the start of the competition approaches on November 20th, workers are quitting at a rate Mr. George says he has never seen in his 22 years in the business. Qatar, a country with a population of under 3m, will have welcomed more than 1.5m visitors before the matches conclude on December 18th. That means finding staff to run all the new hotels that have been built along with other venues that have been pressed into service to profit from the sports fans. Kerala has long been a significant source of hospitality workers for Qatar and other Middle Eastern countries. Its state government provides good schools with English-language instruction but few jobs. More than 2m people, 17% of its working population, already work overseas, largely in the Gulf. The appeal of Qatar is straightforward. Starting salaries approach $1,000 a month, more than six times the level for similar jobs in Kerala. To replace those who have left, Kerala’s employers have been casting their nets wider. Recruiters have been extending their searches to many other Indian cities. But that means the most common word on name-tags pinned to the breast pockets of workers is “trainee”. Among the many skills that need to be taught, says Mr. George, is smiling at customers — the failure to do so a result of shyness among those new to the workforce. The danger is that after a week or so when confidence grows, even these employees may slip away to the Gulf. Most contracts run for three months, concluding at the end of December, not long after the World Cup final. Returning workers will be welcomed back with open arms. Filling the gaps is even more important as Indian tourism and weddings have restarted. The reunions, though, may be short-lived. The game these workers will have learned from the World Cup is how to be paid better. That means leaving India. 37．The underlined sentence in paragraph one implies that __________. A．other hotels, cafes and bars will share Bijoy’s 20 employees B．other hotels, cafes and bars will have to lay off some workers C．other hotels, cafes and bars also send the workers to Qatar D．other hotels, cafes and bars also find it hard to employ enough workers 38．Which of the following DOESN’T contribute to hospitality workers in Kerala taking up jobs in Qatar? A．Millions of tourists have to be served during the World Cup. B．Hospitality workers are in high demand with new hotels and venues open for business in Qatar. C．Qatar provides good education and English training for potential workers in Kerala. D．The salaries of similar jobs in Kerala are much lower than those in Qatar. 39．Which of the following difficulties do Kerala’s employers face due to lack of workers? A．Kerala’s employers have to take on new employees in Asian cities. B．Many of the new employees will pin their name tags to their breast pockets. C．The new employees will not greet the customers as a result of shyness. D．The new employees may soon follow the trend of going to the Gulf. 40．What makes the reunions between Indian workers and employers probably a short-lived one? A．Jobs outside India can provide Indian workers with a more decent life. B．It will soon be the off season for Indian tourism and weddings. C．Another grand occasion will soon begin in the Gulf. D．The workers only sign short-term contracts with the employers in India. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·上海市静安区市西中学·期末） Odeku was not found through traditional scouting (球探) methods. In his East London park, he set up his phone and filmed himself doing exercises like 30-second push-ups, 10-meter sprints, and side jumps. AiSCOUT’s AI platform analyzed his movements. The platform, created by data scientists and top scouts, tests players with standard exercises and provides immediate feedback using machine learning algorithms (算法). The idea came from founder Darren Peries’ frustration when his son was let go by Tottenham’s academy at 16 without any performance records. “Clubs had no footage or data to evaluate him again,” says COO Richard Felton-Thomas. “While senior teams use advanced tracking, youth football, even at top academies, lacks good data.” After seven months of studying millions of data points, AiSCOUT now tracks details like joint angles during jumps and speed patterns, giving feedback within an hour. Top performers move on to ball-skill tests. Odeku’s trial for Burnley involved moving the ball through seven markers filmed in his local park. His speed and control earned him an invitation to the club’s training center, a big turn-around for a player who had been dropped by Premier League academies for being “too small.” “This technology fixes partiality—which means academies tend to prefer players who are already physically developed.” says Felton-Thomas. “As a result, Late bloomers like Odeku, who grew later, get missed.” AiSCOUT helps clubs keep track of players’ progress, including physical and skill improvements. Unlike traditional scouting, where experts travel to matches hoping to find talent, AiSCOUT works with teams like Chelsea and Burnley to find hidden players. “We spot players who have been overlooked,” says Felton-Thomas. The platform even helps recruit Under-8 players by using measures like sprint speed and decision-making. For Odeku, now playing for Haringey Borough’s senior team, the app replaced luck with clear, measurable data. “Before, you needed perfect timing—a scout watching you on your best day,” he says. His trial, filmed in a park, earned him a Burnley invite and gave him confidence: “That session made me feel like I belong.” AiSCOUT turns subjective talent spotting into measurable analysis, giving more opportunities to players while helping clubs make smarter, data-driven decisions. This is changing the future of football. 17．What led to the creation of the AiSCOUT platform? A．A lack of skilled coaches in junior football clubs. B．A top club’s request for more fitness tracking tools. C．An absence of youth football performance data. D．A need to increase sponsorship for youth programs. 18．The underlined word “partiality” in paragraph 4 probably means ________ A．preference for certain players or types B．interest in measuring player growth C．emphasis on physical traits over skill D．neglect of early-developing players 19．What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A．Odeku submitted match highlights from a tournament. B．AiSCOUT promotes fairer and more data-driven decisions. C．AiSCOUT is mainly useful for advanced professional teams. D．Odeku got a trial opportunity based on luck. 20．Which of the following can be the best title for this passage? A．From Parks to Stardom: A Young Footballer’s Story B．The Rise of AI Fitness Tools for Youth Training C．How Premier League Clubs Develop Future Stars D．AI Revolutionizes Football Talent Discovery 10 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $