精品解析：甘肃兰州市某校2025-2026学年八年级下学期期中英语试卷

2025-2026学年度第二学期联考八年级 英语期中考试试卷 一、完形填空（共10小题: 每小题1分, 满分10分） My classmate Lucy has a special hobby. She loves collecting leaves after school. Lucy’s parents are very ____1____ with her about her grades. They ____2____ her to collect leaves only after she finished her homework. Every day, she ran to the park near her home. The ____3____ often blew the leaves off the trees. Lucy picked up the beautiful ones and put them in her notebook. At first, her friends didn’t understand her hobby. But one Monday, Lucy brought her leaf collection (收藏品) to school. She had leaves of many ____4____. Her favorite was a red leaf with ____5____lines on it. The lines are easy to see. She also had a ____6____ small green leaf from her garden. Her collection shocked her friends. Later, Lucy wanted to keep her leaves for a long time. She learned ____7____ to dry them and put them in a special book. She even ____8____some nice stamps to decorate the pages. The stamps made her leaf book look more beautiful. Last month, Lucy ____9____ her shyness. She showed her collection to the whole class. She told everyone how to collect and keep leaves. Her classmates listened ____10____ and asked many questions. Now collecting leaves is popular in our class. We learn about different trees and have much fun. Lucy’s hobby helps us enjoy nature more. 1. A. angry B. strict C. careful D. happy 2. A. allowed B. wanted C. helped D. liked 3. A. cloud B. wind C. rain D. storm 4. A. colors B. sizes C. shapes D. signs 5. A. nice B. clear C. small D. clean 6. A. badly B. luckily C. surprisingly D. really 7. A. how B. what C. where D. when 8. A. taught B. sold C. bought D. brought 9. A. took up B. took over C. got over D. got up 10. A. surely B. actually C. nervously D. carefully 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. C 10. D 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了一位名叫Lucy的同学，在坚持收集树叶的爱好过程中，从独自喜爱到克服害羞、分享爱好，最终带动全班同学一起感受自然乐趣的故事。 【1题详解】 句意：Lucy的父母对她的成绩要求非常严格。 根据后文“她只有完成作业后才能收集树叶”，能看出父母对她的学习要求严格。be strict with sb.是固定搭配，意为“对某人严格”；angry（生气的）、careful（小心的）、happy（开心的）均不符合语境。 【2题详解】 句意：他们允许她只有完成作业后才能收集树叶。 根据上下文，父母是许可她在完成作业后收集树叶，allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”；wanted（想要）、helped（帮助）、liked（喜欢）均不符合此处“规定许可”的语境。 【3题详解】 句意：风经常把树叶从树上吹落。 根据常识，能把树叶从树上吹落的是风（wind）；cloud（云）、rain（雨）、storm（暴风雨）均不符合“吹落树叶”的动作描述。 【4题详解】 句意：她有许多不同颜色的树叶。 根据后文提到的“红色的叶子”“绿色的叶子”，能看出这里指树叶的颜色不同；sizes（大小）、shapes（形状）、signs（标志）均不符合后文的描述。 【5题详解】 句意：她最喜欢的是一片带有清晰纹路的红色叶子。 根据后文“The lines are easy to see（纹路很容易看清）”，能看出纹路是清晰的（clear）；nice（好看的）、small（小的）、clean（干净的）均无法体现“容易看清”的特点。 【6题详解】 句意：她还有一片来自自家花园里的、真的很小的绿叶。 此处需要一个副词修饰形容词small，really small意为“真的很小”；badly（糟糕地）、luckily（幸运地）、surprisingly（令人惊讶地）均不符合修饰“叶子大小”的语境。 【7题详解】 句意：她学会了如何把树叶弄干，再放进一本特殊的书里保存。 根据语境，她学习的是“如何”把树叶弄干，how to do sth.意为“如何做某事”；what（什么）、where（哪里）、when（何时）均不符合此处的方式描述。 【8题详解】 句意：她甚至买了一些漂亮的邮票来装饰书页。 根据后文“邮票让她的树叶书更好看”，能看出她是购买了邮票来装饰；taught（教）、sold（卖）、brought（带来）均不符合“装饰书页”的行为逻辑。 【9题详解】 句意：上个月，Lucy克服了自己的害羞。 根据后文“她向全班展示了她的收藏”，能看出她克服了害羞，get over意为“克服”；took up（开始从事）、took over（接管）、got up（起床）均不符合语境。 【10题详解】 句意：她的同学们认真地听着她的分享，还问了很多问题。 根据语境，同学们对她的树叶收藏很感兴趣，所以是认真地听（carefully）；surely（无疑）、actually（实际上）、nervously（紧张地）均不符合此处“认真听讲”的状态描述。 二、阅读理解（共15小题: 每小题2分, 满分30分） A There is a boy named Kuang Heng. He was born in a poor family so he doesn’t have enough money to go to school. Kuang Heng likes reading books very much, but he has to work during the day. He can only read books during the night. But he has no money to buy a candle. So it often takes him half a month to finish reading a book. He always feels sad. One day, he finds that his neighbour has candles, but the man lives next to his house and the light from the candles can’t go through his wall. Then an idea comes to him. “I can make a hole in the wall so that the light from my neighbour’s house can come to mine,” he says to himself. From that day on, Kuang Heng reads books every night until the light goes out. Finally, he becomes a great scholar (学者). 11. Why does it often take Kuang Heng half a month to finish reading a book? A. Because he isn’t a fast reader. B. Because he doesn’t love reading at all. C. Because he doesn’t have time at night. D. Because he has no money to buy candles. 12. Kuang Heng makes a hole in his wall to ________. A. show he is good at reading B. read with his neighbour’s light C. ask his neighbour to read with him D. take his neighbour’s candles away 13. How might Kuang Heng feel when he has the idea? A. Tired B. Bored C. Happy D. Sad 14. What can we infer about Kuang Heng from the passage? A. His parents don’t want him to go to school. B. He loves reading and he finds every way to do it. C. He asks his neighbour to keep the light on every night. D. His neighbour is not happy when he knows about the hole. 15. What can be the best title for the passage? A. No Money to Read B. A Kind Neighbour C. Candles Are Important D. Read Through the Hole 【答案】11. D 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，改编自成语故事“凿壁偷光”，讲述了匡衡因家境贫寒买不起蜡烛，于是凿穿墙壁借邻居家的光刻苦读书，最终成为学者的故事。 【11题详解】 文中提到“He likes reading books very much, but he has to work during the day. He can only read books during the night. But he has no money to buy a candle.”说明他晚上没有蜡烛照明，只能在有限的条件下看书，所以进度很慢。 【12题详解】 文中匡衡说“I can make a hole in the wall so that the light from my neighbour’s house can come to mine.”说明他凿洞是为了借邻居家的光来读书。 【13题详解】 根据前文提到“always feels sad”，现在终于想到了解决办法，能继续读书了，所以他应该是开心的。 【14题详解】 根据“He was born in a poor family”，“Kuang Heng likes reading books very much,but he has to work during the day”，“But he has no money to buy a candle.”，说明他非常热爱读书，并且想尽一切办法克服困难。 【15题详解】 全文围绕匡衡“凿壁借光”读书的故事展开，核心情节是通过墙上的洞来读书。 B What should you do if you see someone get hurt? If you want to help: How you can help: Stop bleeding: Use a clean cloth or even your shirt to press on the cut. Keep pressing until you can get to a doctor. Treat burns: For small burns, run cool water over them for 10—15 minutes. Do not use ice, as it can make the burn worse. Treat choking: For people over the age of 1, stand behind them and give them quick pushes with your fist (拳头) above their belly button (肚脐). This is called the Heimlich maneuver. Do CPR (心肺复苏术): If someone isn’t breathing and their heart isn’t beating, you might need to do CPR. Place the person on their back on the ground and push hard and fast in the middle of their chest (胸腔). 16. What number should you call if someone is badly hurt in London? A. 911 B. 103 C. 999 D. 120 17. How can you stop the cut bleeding? A. By pressing a clean cloth on the cut. B. By using water to clean it. C. By putting ice on the cut. D. By pushing on the chest many times. 18. How long should you run water over a small burn? A. For one minute B. For half an hour C. For 10—15 minutes D. For an hour 19. What is the Heimlich maneuver used for? A. Doing CPR B. Burns C. Choking D. Bleeding 20. Where might you find the passage? A. In a health guide B. In a storybook C. In a history book D. In a sports magazine 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. C 19. C 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了遇到有人受伤时的急救步骤，包括先确保安全、拨打急救电话，以及止血、处理烧伤、海姆立克急救法和心肺复苏等具体方法。 【16题详解】 根据文章右上角急救电话表“999 in the UK”可知，伦敦属于英国，英国的急救电话是999，故选C。 【17题详解】 原文第一栏“Stop bleeding”部分“Use a clean cloth or even your shirt to press on the cut.”直接说明止血方法是用干净的布按压伤口，与选项A“By pressing a clean cloth on the cut”一致。 【18题详解】 原文第二栏“Treat burns”部分“For small burns, run cool water over them for 10—15 minutes.”明确说明小烧伤需用凉水冲洗10-15分钟。 【19题详解】 第三栏“Treat choking”部分“This is called the Heimlich maneuver.”表明海姆立克急救法用于处理窒息/噎住的情况。 【20题详解】 根据全文内容可知，本文主要介绍急救知识，故会出现在健康指南中，对应选项A“In a health guide”。 C Do you know that trees can “talk” to each other? Scientists have found that trees in a forest are connected underground. They are like a big family. How do they “talk”? Through their roots (根). Under the ground, there are fungi (真菌). They connect the roots of different trees. This network is called the “Wood Wide Web”. If a tree is in danger, it will send a warning through the fungi. For example, if bugs are eating its leaves, it will tell its neighbors. The other trees will then start to make special chemicals (化学物质) in their leaves to make them taste bad. Older trees, called “mother trees”, are very important in this network. They help the young trees grow. Mother trees send them sugar and other food through the fungi. If a mother tree is dying, it will even pass its wisdom to the next generation. This discovery (发现) is wonderful. It shows us that nature is more amazing than we thought. Trees are not just quiet plants. They are social and they care for each other. So next time you walk in a forest, remember—you are walking through a busy “talking” community! 21. How do trees “talk” to each other? A. By making sounds B. By moving their leaves C. Through the wind D. Through their roots 22. What does the underlined word “warning” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. 问候 B. 礼物 C. 警告 D. 食物 23. Why are mother trees important? A. They fight against all the bugs. B. They are the tallest trees in the forest. C. They help the young trees grow. D. They make all the chemicals. 24. Which word can best describe the forest community according to the text? A. Busy and caring B. Quiet and dangerous C. Loud and noisy D. Silent and lonely 25. What can we learn from the text? A. Trees never share food with each other. B. Scientists know nothing about trees. C. Young trees don’t need mother trees. D. Trees can send messages to warn others. 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述科学家发现树木靠地下根系和真菌互通信息，遇危险互相预警。老树帮扶小树生长，树木彼此关爱交流，尽显大自然的奇妙。 【21题详解】 第二段第一、二句“How do they ‘talk’? Through their roots (根).”，树木是“通过它们的根”进行交流。 【22题详解】 划线词所在句“If a tree is in danger, it will send a warning...”和后文“For example, if bugs are eating its leaves, it will tell its neighbors.”，后文举例说“如果虫子吃叶子，它会告知邻居，即“如果树木遇到危险，它会发送warning”，结合所给选项，warning意为“警告”。 【23题详解】 第三段第二句“They help the young trees grow.”，母树的重要性在于“它们帮助幼树生长”。 【24题详解】 最后一段“They are social and they care for each other...you are walking through a busy ‘talking’ community!”，树木之间“互相关爱且社群忙碌”。 【25题详解】 第二段“If a tree is in danger, it will send a warning...For example, if bugs are eating its leaves, it will tell its neighbors. The other trees will...make them taste bad.”，虫子吃树叶，树会告知它的邻居，其他的树就会让它们尝起来很糟糕，说明当遇到危险时，“树会发送警告给其他的树”。 三、任务型完形填空（共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面的短文，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使文意通顺，结构正确。（每个单词限用一次） old-fashioned he so dream proudly achieve programme fit make do When work or school is over, what do you do in your free time? For most teenagers, their hobbies are good ways to relax. Some like physical hobbies, such as playing basketball or ____26____ yoga. These activities can help them keep ____27____ and reduce stress. Luca is a teenager who comes from Italy. He doesn’t like collecting coins or stamps. However, he finds it interesting ____28____ mobile phone apps. He got into ____29____ when he was 12 years old. Now he can make simple apps by ____30____. “It gives me such a sense of ____31____ to see people using the app I made,” Luca says ____32____. His friend, Sofia, loves collecting ____33____ postcards. She has postcards from many foreign countries. She likes it ____34____ much that she often puts them on the wall of her room. Sofia ____35____ of traveling to these places in the future. She says, “Hobbies not only help me pass the time, but also open up a new world for me.” 【答案】26. doing 27. fit 28. to make 29. programming 30. himself 31. achievement 32. proudly 33. old-fashioned 34. so 35. dreams 【解析】 【导语】本文通过Luca和Sofia的例子，介绍了青少年在空闲时间从事不同爱好的益处。 【26题详解】 句意：有些人喜欢体育爱好，比如打篮球或做瑜伽。“or ____ yoga”表示“或做瑜伽”，需用动名词形式与playing并列。需选do“做”，其动名词形式为doing。 【27题详解】 句意：这些活动可以帮助他们保持健康并减轻压力。“keep ____”表示“保持健康”，keep为系动词，后需用形容词作表语。需选fit“健康的”，为形容词。 【28题详解】 句意：然而，他觉得做手机应用程序很有趣。“finds it interesting ____ mobile phone apps”中，find it + adj. + to do sth.“发现/觉得做某事是……的”，it为形式宾语，需用动词不定式作真正宾语。需选make“制作”，其不定式形式为to make。 【29题详解】 句意：他12岁时开始学习编程。“He got into ____”表示“他开始学习编程”，get into后需用名词或动名词作宾语。需选programme“编程”，其动名词形式为programming，意为“编程”。 【30题详解】 句意：现在他可以自己制作简单的应用程序。“by ____”表示“靠他自己”，by oneself为固定短语，意为“独自地”。需选he“他”，其反身代词形式为himself，意为“他自己”。 【31题详解】 句意：看到人们使用我制作的应用程序给我一种成就感。“a sense of ____”表示“成就感”，需选achieve“实现”，其名词形式为achievement，意为“成就”。 【32题详解】 句意：卢卡自豪地说。“Luca says ____”表示“卢卡自豪地说”，需用副词修饰动词says。需选副词proudly，意为“自豪地”。 【33题详解】 句意：索菲亚喜欢收集老式明信片。“collecting ____ postcards”表示“收集老式明信片”，需用形容词修饰名词postcards。需选old-fashioned“老式的”，为形容词。 【34题详解】 句意：她非常喜欢它们，以至于经常把它们挂在房间的墙上。“likes it ____ much that”中，so...that为固定句型，意为“如此……以至于”，需选so。 【35题详解】 句意：索菲亚梦想将来去这些地方旅行。“Sofia ____ of traveling to these places”中，描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语Sofia为单数。需选dream“梦想”，其第三人称单数形式为dreams，dream of doing“梦想做某事”。 四、任务型阅读理解（共5小题: 每小题2分, 满分10分） Have you ever heard of the Dead Sea? It’s one of the world’s most amazing places. It isn’t a sea, but a large lake. It lies in the Jordan Valley in the western part of Asia and is famous for being the lowest point on Earth. The water in the Dead Sea is very salty—almost ten times saltier than regular ocean water. Because of this, fish or plants cannot live in it. That’s why people call it the “Dead” Sea. But don’t let the name scare you! The water is so buoyant (有浮力的) that you can float on it easily. It’s a funny feeling, like lying on an air bed! Many people visit the Dead Sea every year because of its special mud (泥浆). The mud is rich in minerals and is said to be good for our skin. Visitors often cover themselves in the dark mud and then float in the water. It’s a popular way to relax. However, the Dead Sea is facing a problem. It is shrinking (缩小)! The water level is going down by about one meter per year. Scientists say we need to bring water from other places to save it. If we don’t take action, this natural wonder might one day disappear. The Dead Sea teaches us an important lesson: nature is powerful and beautiful, but also weak. We should try our best to protect such wonders for our future. 36. Where is the Dead Sea? ______________________________________________________ 37. Why can’t fish or plants live in the Dead Sea? ______________________________________________________ 38. What is the mud in the Sea rich in? ______________________________________________________ 39. 请把划线部分翻译成汉语。 ______________________________________________________ 40. What should we do to save it? ______________________________________________________ 【答案】36. It lies in the Jordan Valley (in the western part of Asia). 37. Because the water (in the Dead Sea) is very salty. 38. The mud is rich in minerals. 39. 如果我们不采取行动，可能有一天这个自然奇观会消失。 40. We can bring water from other places to save it. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了死海的地理位置、高盐度特点、浮力现象、泥浆价值以及目前面临的缩小危机，呼吁人们采取行动保护自然奇观。 【36题详解】 第一段“It lies in the Jordan Valley in the western part of Asia and is famous for being the lowest point on Earth.”介绍了死海的具体地理位置，直接提取。 【37题详解】 第二段“The water in the Dead Sea is very salty—almost ten times saltier than regular ocean water. Because of this, fish or plants cannot live in it.”说明原因是水太咸了，直接提取。 【38题详解】 第三段“The mud is rich in minerals and is said to be good for our skin.”说明泥浆富含矿物质，直接提取。 【39题详解】 “If we don’t take action, this natural wonder might one day disappear.”翻译为“如果我们不采取行动，可能有一天这个自然奇观会消失。”。“If”翻译为“如果”，引导条件状语从句，“we don’t take action”翻译为“我们不采取行动”，“this natural wonder”翻译为“这个自然奇观”，“might one day”翻译为“可能有一天”，“disappear”翻译为“消失”。 【40题详解】 第四段“Scientists say we need to bring water from other places to save it.”介绍了具体的拯救措施，答案是原文直接信息。 五、词汇考查（共10小题: 每小题1分, 满分10分） 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 41. Accidents can happen when we are ________ (care). 【答案】careless 【解析】 【详解】句意：当我们粗心大意时，事故就会发生。根据“are”及句意，需填形容词作表语。根据“Accidents can happen”提示，表示“粗心的”，用careless。 42. She is ________ (suffer) from a bad headache. 【答案】suffering 【解析】 【详解】句意：她正饱受严重头痛的折磨。句中已有be动词is，提示句子为现在进行时，suffer需要变为现在分词形式suffering。 43. You could change your screen’s ________ (bright) to try and match your environment. 【答案】brightness 【解析】 【详解】句意：你可以调整屏幕的亮度，来适应周围的环境。空前为名词所有格“screen’s”，后面需要接名词，括号单词的名词形式在之后直接加ness，故填brightness。 44. Something hit her hard and ________ (throw) her to the ground. 【答案】threw 【解析】 【详解】句意：有东西重重地击中了她，把她摔倒在地。根据“hit”为一般过去时，and连接并列谓语，时态应保持一致，应用一般过去时。throw的过去式是threw。 45. If you take good care of yourself, you ________ (get) better soon. 【答案】will get 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你好好照顾自己，你很快就会好起来的。这是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”规则，因此括号内的动词get需变为will get，故填will get。 46. Lake Baikal is the ________ (deep) freshwater lake in the world. 【答案】deepest 【解析】 【详解】句意：贝加尔湖是世界上最深的淡水湖。根据“in the world”和空格前“the”可知，此处表示在三者及以上的范围中进行比较，因此需要使用形容词的最高级形式；deep“深的”的最高级形式是deepest。故填deepest。 47. We should learn from our mistakes so that you don’t ________ (repeat) them. 【答案】repeat 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们应该从错误中学习，这样就不会重蹈覆辙。句中“ don’t ”是助动词的否定形式，后面需要接动词原形repeat，表示“重复”。 48. She told me not to give up so ________ (easy). 【答案】easily 【解析】 【详解】句意：她告诉我不要轻易放弃。句中动词短语give up需要副词修饰，括号内的形容词easy需变为副词形式easily，表示“轻易地、容易地”，符合语境。 49. Climbers must deal with thin air, high cliffs and ________ (change) weather. 【答案】changeable 【解析】 【详解】句意：登山者必须应对稀薄的空气、高耸的悬崖和变化无常的天气。根据“weather”可知，横线处需填形容词来修饰名词。change“变化”，动词，其形容词形式为changeable，表示“变化无常的”。故填changeable。 50. It is important ________ (not forget) to relax once in a while. 【答案】not to forget 【解析】 【详解】句意：别忘了偶尔放松一下，这一点很重要。句子“It is important”后需接不定式结构作真正主语，加否定词时，需将否定词not，放在不定式符号to前，构成否定形式“not to…”，故填not to forget。 六、书面表达（满分15分） 51. You are Li Hua. Please write a thank-you letter to the person you want to thank most. 内容包括：What happened to you? How did he/she help you? How do you feel/change after that? 字数：80词左右。 Dear..., I want to thank you for ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 例文 Dear Ms. Wang, I want to thank you for helping me with my English. Last term, I was so afraid to speak English that I never dared to open my mouth in class, and I even failed several tests. You talked to me patiently after class, encouraged me to read aloud every day, and gave me small, interesting tasks to practice. With your help, I slowly became more confident and my grades improved greatly. Now I even enjoy speaking English in class. You changed me, and I will always remember your kindness. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：书信类应用文，用一般过去时为主 明确要点：遇到的问题、如何帮助、之后的改变 确定人称：第一人称（I） 注意事项：不得出现真实的姓名或校名，词数80左右 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：表达感谢的原因 主体段：介绍遇到的问题、对方的帮助及之后的改变 结尾段：进行总结，表达感谢 [第三步：要点展开] 问题介绍：was so afraid to speak English that I never dared to open my mouth in class/failed several tests/fell off my bike and hurt my leg before the midterm exam/had to stay at home for a month and missed lots of lessons/was really worried about my study等 对方的帮助：talked to me patiently/encouraged me to read aloud/gave me small, interesting tasks to practice/help me with my lessons every weekend/encouraged me not to give up等 之后的改变：became more confident/my grades improved greatly/enjoy speaking English in class/caught up with my classmates/became confident again等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $