专题04 阅读理解（记叙文）（期末真题汇编，北京专用）高二英语下学期

**基本信息** 高二下期末记叙文阅读理解汇编，精选北京西城、朝阳等多区期末真题，聚焦真实人生故事与社会议题，凸显语言能力与思维品质的融合考查。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解（选择题）|40题|细节理解（如16题申请未送达原因）、推理判断（如32题科技与心理关系）、主旨大意（如37题人生启示）|真实情境（科技伦理、文化传承）、思维梯度（事实理解到价值判断）、人文关怀（个人成长、跨文化理解）|

专题04 阅读理解（记叙文） Passage 1 （24-25高二下·北京西城·期末） I’ve always been a daring risk taker. But when I was 15, my luck ran out. A horseback riding accident resulted in severe injuries, the death of my beloved horse Spooks, and the horrible news that I’d never ride again. I was set on proving the doctors wrong. Just a few months later, with my mother’s support, I rode sidesaddle and won my first jumping competition. The excitement was incredible. From then on, I committed my life to adventure, remembering my mother’s lesson: never say, “I can’t”. At 22, I read about an opening to be a motorcycle trick rider — I’d learned to ride a few years earlier. Still, it was 1976 and I knew they were unlikely to hire a woman. I thought about that as I signed my trick rider application, leaving off the honorific — Ms., hoping to hide the fact that I was a woman. But they never got back to me. I was heartbroken. Maybe the position had already been filled; maybe they’d discovered I was a woman. My friend Steve then proposed an idea that at first seemed crazy: learning to fly aeroplanes. “Flying is for men,” I laughed at the idea. But gradually, I realized the suggestion had stuck with me. Years ago, trial flights — brief introductory sessions with an instructor — cost just £5 for 15 minutes in the air. Steve and I both signed up, and after my first session, I couldn’t stop talking about flying. I got my license and headed for the US to work as a pilot. It wasn’t easy. Initially, people were doubtful about a woman working in the role, but I ended up outperforming my male colleagues. Twenty years later, I returned to England and started my own flying company. Now, I live a quieter life. I’ve settled in a village in Lincolnshire, spending much of my time volunteering in care homes. Last October, after nearly fifty years and countless adventures, I received a letter from a post office in Staines. It was my trick rider application. The post office apologized for the delay and explained it had been found stuck behind a drawer in the office — the company never received it. Looking back, I realized that even though I didn’t get that job, it led me to a series of adventures that shaped my life in unexpected and fulfilling ways. 14. What did winning the jumping competition bring to the writer? A. The faith in friendship. B. The acquisition of a new skill. C. The recognition of mother’s love. D. The determination to go adventuring. 15 How did the writer feel at first when Steve suggested learning to fly? A. Curious. B. Inspired. C. Desperate. D. Doubtful. 16. Why did the writer fail to receive any reply about the trick ride position? A. Because she forgot to sign the application. B. Because her application was not delivered. C. Because women were unfit for the position. D. Because the position had already been filled. 17. What can we learn from this passage? A. Smart plans make big dreams. B. The best journeys are not mapped. C. Doubt kills more goals than failure. D. Strong women create strong societies. 【答案】14. D 15. D 16. B 17. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者15岁骑马受伤后仍坚持冒险，22岁申请摩托车特技骑手未获回复，后在朋友建议下学习飞行并取得成功，多年后发现申请信因邮局失误未被公司收到，这次经历让作者感悟到人生冒险之旅充满意外与惊喜。 14. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“From then on, I committed my life to adventure, remembering my mother’s lesson: never say, “I can’t”. (从那时起，我投身于冒险生活，牢记母亲的教诲：永远不要说“我不能”)”可知，赢得跳跃比赛让作者下定决心去冒险。故选D项。 15. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的““Flying is for men,” I laughed at the idea.(“飞行是男人的事”我嘲笑这个想法)”可知，当史蒂夫建议学习飞行时，作者一开始是怀疑的。故选D项。 16. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The post office apologized for the delay and explained it had been found stuck behind a drawer in the office—the company never received it.(邮局为延误道歉，并解释说信被发现卡在办公室抽屉后面——公司从未收到)”可知，作者没有收到关于特技骑手职位回复的原因是她的申请没有被送到公司。故选B项。 17. 推理判断题。主要讲述作者15岁骑马受伤后仍坚持冒险，22岁申请摩托车特技骑手未获回复，后在朋友建议下学习飞行并取得成功，多年后发现申请信因邮局失误未被公司收到，这次经历让作者感悟到人生冒险之旅充满意外与惊喜。B选项“The best journeys are not mapped.（最好的旅程是无法规划的。）”符合推断。故选B项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·北京西城·期末） Monday was the first day of Dartmouth’s spring term. So, as I often do at this time, I started teaching my course for non-science majors called “Understanding the Universe: From Atoms to the Big Bang”. This is what students like to call a “physics for poets” class — a class that explores the history of how humanity has faced some of the deepest questions we can ask about the material world and our place in it, without the math. It is a class that tries to capture the true spirit of the liberal-arts education, mixing the sciences and the humanities as different and complementary ways of knowing the world and why we matter. In fancier words, as an intellectual history of physics and astronomy (天文学), the class requires that scientific thinking be contextualized culturally, so that students can situate the ways in which some of the most revolutionary ideas in the past 2,000 years emerged when they did. Scientists, by training, have little exposure to the humanities. Given that a major in the sciences requires a lot of technical work, we spend precious little time dealing with what happened culturally and historically around the science we are trying to understand. This, I believe, is the reason why so many scientists in the public media condemn (谴责) the humanities as useless. As a consequence, many scientific ideas are presented as having addressed some of the deepest questions we have been asking, when they haven’t. Humanities students, on the other hand, are typically those who avoid the sciences or, at least, math. Their training is also technical, involving lots of reading and critical writing. You can often tell, when you teach this kind of class, who the scientists and the humanists are. All you have to do is write an equation (方程) on the blackboard and look at the class. Humanists will quickly look bored. The scientists will become lively. As you read from Aristotle’s Metaphysics, the opposite will happen. To bridge this gap is the challenge. The classroom is the ideal place for this conversation between the sciences and the humanities to unfold. By exposing students to the two sides of the cultural divide, we stand a chance of creating something that will actually close the gap. Scientists should recognize that some research topics — AI, biotechnology, climate change, life extension, nature, and many others — need to be investigated together with humanists as a joint effort. I finished the first class by reminding the students that not even the best teacher in the world can teach someone who doesn’t want to learn. After all, as Tom Stoppard reminded us in his brilliant play Arcadia, it is wanting to know that makes us matter — scientists and humanists alike. 22. What’s special about the author’s class? A. It guides students to explain revolutionary ideas. B. It appeals to arts students to switch to scientific thinking. C. It breaks the boundary between the sciences and the humanities. D. It挖s into the secrets of human’s position in the material world. 23. Which of the following would the author applaud? A. Mary, a history major, quit computer engineering for lack of interest. B. Mia, an art student, drew pictures of famous scientists for a science fair. C. Ben, teaching chemistry, guided his students to focus on technology work. D. David, studying physics, worked with a philosophy student for his project. 24. What message does the author intend to deliver to his students? A. University courses present challenges. B. The cultural divide deserves approval. C. The eagerness to learn is of significance. D. Prejudice towards the humanities is history. 【答案】22. C 23. D 24. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者在达特茅斯春季学期首日，为非理科专业学生开设“理解宇宙：从原子到宇宙大爆炸”课程，该课程打破科学与人文界限，作者强调了求知欲的重要性，并倡导科学与人文领域学生的合作。 22. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It is a class that tries to capture the true spirit of the liberal - arts education, mixing the sciences and the humanities as different and complementary ways of knowing the world and why we matter.(这是一门试图捕捉文科教育真正精神的课程，将科学和人文作为认识世界以及理解我们为何重要的不同且互补的方式融合在一起)”可知，作者课程的特别之处在于打破了科学与人文之间的界限。故选C项。 23. 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Scientists should recognize that some research topics—AI, biotechnology, climate change, life extension, nature, and many others—need to be investigated together with humanists as a joint effort.(科学家应该认识到，一些研究课题——人工智能、生物技术、气候变化、生命延长、自然等等——需要与人文领域学者共同努力进行研究)”可知，作者赞同科学与人文领域的合作。故选D项。 24. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I finished the first class by reminding the students that not even the best teacher in the world can teach someone who doesn’t want to learn. After all, as Tom Stoppard reminded us in his brilliant play Arcadia, it is wanting to know that makes us matter—scientists and humanists alike.(我在第一堂课结束时提醒学生，即使是世界上最好的老师也教不会不想学习的人。毕竟，正如汤姆·斯托帕德在他精彩的戏剧《阿卡迪亚》中提醒我们的，是求知欲让我们变得重要——科学家和人文学者都是如此)”可知，作者想传达给学生的信息是求知欲很重要。故选C项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·北京朝阳·期末） Running has always been my way to just breathe. It used to be that when I ran, my body sped forward, but my mind found a rare stillness, making me feel strong, grounded, clear- headed and free. That changed during the third year of my undergraduate when I was deeply hurt by someone I trusted — someone I considered a friend. Almost overnight, I withdrew from the social person I once was. I felt I needed to find a way to deal with it on my own. Running late at nights and in early mornings became my shelter from that bad memory. I was searching for a cure in the ache of my muscles and the burn of my lungs. I ran faster and harder, thinking that maybe if I abused my body, the pain would go away. I pushed distances and limits I had never tried before. That fall, I signed up for a full marathon. I remember the moment my right knee gave out 4 months into my training. A sharp pain hit. I collapsed and cried, releasing tears I had held back for months. I could no longer put pressure on my right knee. Gradually, as I recovered, I started running again. To my surprise, I felt a shift, subtle (不易察觉的) at first. My runs, once fuelled by pain, became quieter. The road didn’t demand as much from me. A small, barely heard voice inside me said, “Enough.” I no longer needed to run for the hurt. I had learned to live with it, and to carry the pain without letting it consume or define me. I switched to running a half marathon to allow my body to recover and began running alongside friends and joining women’s running groups. When I crossed the finish line, it wasn’t a release but rather a recognition of the strength I had always carried. Unstopping. I felt like myself again. It taught me to pause, to ask myself what I run for, and to learn to be kind to the body that carries me every step of the way. 34. What made the author avoid socializing? A. The need for running. B. The search for freedom. C. The pursuit of a clear mind. D. The harm from a friend. 35. Why did the author run faster and harder? A. To ease her suffering. B. To train her muscles. C. To unlock her potential. D. To fight for a marathon. 36. As for running, how did the author feel after her knee’s injury? A. Excited. B. Challenged. C. Relieved. D. Disappointed. 37. What can we learn from the passage? A. Love is a verb. Act it out. B. Think twice before you move. C. You hold the seed of your rebirth. D. Success is built on focus, not fear. 【答案】34. D 35. A 36. C 37. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因朋友伤害而逃避社交，通过跑步寻求治愈，最终学会与伤痛共处并找回自我的经历。 34. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“That changed during the third year of my undergraduate when I was deeply hurt by someone I trusted — someone I considered a friend. Almost overnight, I withdrew from the social person I once was. (这在我本科第三年发生了变化，当时我被我信任的人深深伤害了——一个我认为是朋友的人。几乎一夜之间，我从曾经的那个善于社交的人中退缩了。)”可知，作者因为被朋友伤害而开始逃避社交。故选D。 35. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“I was searching for a cure in the ache of my muscles and the burn of my lungs. I ran faster and harder, thinking that maybe if I abused my body, the pain would go away. (我在肌肉的疼痛和肺部的灼烧中寻找治愈方法。我跑得更快更猛，心想也许如果我虐待自己的身体，疼痛就会消失。)”可知，作者跑得更快更猛是为了减轻痛苦。故选A。 36. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“I collapsed and cried, releasing tears I had held back for months. (我倒下哭了，释放了我憋了几个月的眼泪。)”以及“Gradually, as I recovered, I started running again. To my surprise, I felt a shift, subtle (不易察觉的) at first. My runs, once fuelled by pain, became quieter. The road didn’t demand as much from me. (渐渐地，随着我康复，我又开始跑步了。令我惊讶的是，我感到了一种转变，起初很微妙。我的跑步曾经因疼痛而加速，现在变得更安静了。)”“I no longer needed to run for the hurt. I had learned to live with it, and to carry the pain without letting it consume or define me.(我不再需要为受伤而奔跑。我学会了忍受它，学会了承受痛苦，而不是让它吞噬或定义我)”可知，作者膝盖受伤后倒下哭了，但逐渐康复后，再次跑步时感到了一种转变，因为她不再用跑步宣泄痛苦，受伤后作者对跑步的感觉是解脱的。故选C。 37. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“I felt like myself again. It taught me to pause, to ask myself what I run for, and to learn to be kind to the body that carries me every step of the way. (我又找回了自我。它教会我停下来，问问自己为什么跑步，并学会善待每一步都陪伴着我的身体。)”可知，文章通过讲述作者因朋友伤害而逃避社交，通过跑步寻求治愈，最终学会与伤痛共处并找回自我的经历，传达了“自我救赎与成长”的主题，即“你掌握着自己重生的种子”。故选C。 Passage 4 （24-25高二下·北京丰台·期末） Reading and writing, like any other things, come to the mind slowly, in pieces. But for me, as an E. S. L. student from a family of rice farmers, who saw reading and writing as nothing the experience of working through a book, was similar to standing in quicksand, your loved ones gathered at its safe edges, their arms folded in distrust and doubt as you sink. When I was in fourth grade, I had become fluent — but only in speech, not in the written word. One early-spring afternoon, we got an assignment in language-arts class: we had two weeks to write a poem in honor of National Poetry Month. Normally, my poor writing abilities would excuse me from such assignments, and I would instead spend the class mindlessly copying out passages from books. The task allowed me to hide myself, as long as I looked as though I were doing something smart, my shame and failure were hidden. Yet something stirred in me that afternoon. Perhaps it was the spring air, or the way sunlight fell across my notebook, but for the first time I wanted to try — truly try — to make words obey me instead of hiding behind borrowed ones. “Where is it?” one of my classmates asked. Weeks earlier, I’d been in the library. It was where I would hide during the break. I sat on the floor beside a tape player. From a box of tape recordings, I chose one labeled “Great Speeches”. I mouthed to myself as the speakers spoke. It occurred to me that I had been mouthing my grandmother’s stories as well, the ones she had been telling me ever since I was born. Of course, not being able to read does not mean that one is empty of stories. I pointed to my work hanging from his fingers. “No, where is the poem you plagiarized (抄袭) ? How did you even write something like this?” Then he tipped my desk toward me. “It’s right here.” I said, pointing to my poem held between his fingers. I had read books that weren’t books, and I had read them using everything but my eyes. From that invisible “reading”, I had pressed my world onto paper. As such, I was a fraud (骗子) in a field of language, which is to say, I was a writer. I have “plagiarized” my life to give you the best of me. 25. Why did the author struggle with reading and writing at first? A. He had a learning disability. B. His school lacked proper resources. C. He preferred speaking over writing. D. His family saw no value in reading and writing. 26. What mainly led the author to write the poem? A. He wanted to impress his classmates. B. He wanted to prove himself to his family. C. The poetry assignment was easier than he expected. D. He was tired of hiding his shame and fear of failure. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Life writes the best stories. B. Do not cry over spilled milk. C. Every cloud has a silver lining. D. Don’t judge a book by its cover. 【答案】25. D 26. D 27. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者是将英语作为第二语言的学生，起初读写困难，四年级时受触动尝试写诗，其作品源于生活经历，却被质疑抄袭，他认为自己“抄袭”生活来创作。 25. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“But for me, as an E. S. L. student from a family of rice farmers, who saw reading and writing as nothing the experience of working through a book, was similar to standing in quicksand, your loved ones gathered at its safe edges, their arms folded in distrust and doubt as you sink.(但对我来说，作为一名来自稻农家庭的将英语作为第二语言的学生，我认为阅读和写作根本不如读一本书的经历，就像站在流沙中，你的亲人聚集在安全的边缘，当你沉沦时，他们抱着不信任和怀疑的双臂。)”可知，作者来自一个稻农家庭，家人认为阅读和写作没什么价值，这使得作者一开始在阅读和写作方面很挣扎。故选D项。 26. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Normally, my poor writing abilities would excuse me from such assignments, and I would instead spend the class mindlessly copying out passages from books. The task allowed me to hide myself, as long as I looked as though I were doing something smart, my shame and failure were hidden.(通常情况下，我糟糕的写作能力会让我免于这样的作业，而我则会在课堂上盲目地抄写书上的段落。这项任务让我可以隐藏自己，只要我看起来像是在做聪明的事情，我的羞耻和失败就会被隐藏起来。)”以及第三段中“Yet something stirred in me that afternoon. Perhaps it was the spring air, or the way sunlight fell across my notebook, but for the first time I wanted to try — truly try — to make words obey me instead of hiding behind borrowed ones.(然而，那天下午，我内心有一种悸动。也许是因为春天的空气，或者是阳光洒在我的笔记本上，但这是我第一次想要尝试——真正地尝试——让文字服从我，而不是躲在借来的后面。)”可知，作者平时因为写作能力差，会逃避写作任务，通过抄袭来隐藏自己的羞愧和对失败的恐惧，但那天下午作者厌倦了这种隐藏，所以想要真正尝试写作。故选D项。 27. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“I had read books that weren’t books, and I had read them using everything but my eyes. From that invisible “reading”, I had pressed my world onto paper. As such, I was a fraud (骗子) in a field of language, which is to say, I was a writer. I have “plagiarized” my life to give you the best of me.(我读过不是书的书，除了用眼睛，我什么都用。从这种看不见的“阅读”中，我把自己的世界压在了纸上。因此，我在语言领域是个骗子，也就是说，我是个作家。我“剽窃”了我的生活，把最好的我给了你。)”以及文章内容可知，作者虽然不能阅读，但他有从祖母那里听来的故事等生活经历，他把这些生活经历通过诗歌表达出来，即他“抄袭”了自己的生活写出了好作品，这表明生活能写出最好的故事。故选A项。 Passage 5 （24-25高二下·北京丰台·期末） Years ago I spoke with a 16-year-old girl who was considering the idea of having a computer companion in the future, and she described the upside to me. It’s not that the robot she had imagined was so inspiring. It’s that she had already found people to be so disappointing. And now, for the first time, she explained to me, people have options. Back then I thought her comments seemed prescient (预见未来的) . Now I find them timely. This girl had grown up in a time when conversational machines were presented as empathy devices that could understand her. And so it seemed natural to her that other machines would expand the range of conversation. But there is something she may have been too young to understand or, like a lot of us, tend to forget when we talk to machines. These robots can perform empathy in a conversation about your friend, your mother, or your child, but they have no experience of any of these relationships. Their conversations about life occupy the realm of the as-if. In our manufacturing and marketing of these machines, we encourage children to develop an emotional tie that is sure to lead to an empathetic dead end. On top of this, it has become fashionable for psychologists to critique empathy, a unique form of human connection, just at a time when we are starting relationships with objects with none to give. The coincidence is too convenient: children will lose the ability to have empathy if they relate too consistently with objects that cannot form empathetic ties. Technology challenges us to look at our human values. We can try to use technology to cure Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s, which would be a blessing, but that blessing is not a reason to move from artificial brain enhancement to artificial intimacy (亲密). And yet that is the kind of talk that one hears these days. The narrative begins with the idea that compassionate robots would be “better than nothing”, better because there aren’t enough people to teach, love, and tend to people. But that idea quickly shifts into another: robots would be better than almost anything. Unlike people, they would not abandon you or get sick and die. They might not be capable of love, but they won’t break your heart. From better than nothing to better than anything. These are stations on our voyage to forgetting what it means to be human. But the forgetting begins long before we have a robot companion in place; it begins when we even think of putting one in place. To build the robots, we must first rebuild ourselves as people ready to be their companions. Being human today is about the struggle to remain genuinely empathetic. Ourselves-to remember why it matters, to remember what we cherish. These says, to be human is to keep one’s mind on the glory that one is. 31. The author mentions the 16-year-old girl mainly to . A. draw a comparison B. provide an example C. evaluate a comment D. introduce a topic 32. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3? A. Technology unexpectedly advances empathy studies. B. Psychologists accidentally ignore the needs of children. C. The criticism of empathy is scientifically valid but poorly timed. D. The tech industries may benefit from the timing of psychological cycles? 33. Which of the following statements might the author agree with? A. Technological progress clarifies human values through challenges. B. Artificial intimacy reflects technological progress yet threatens empathy. C. Technology’s medical benefits justify its application in emotional domains. D. Future technologies like AI companions require stricter moral regulations. 34. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Empathy at Risk: Psychology’s New Frontier B. Why Humans Prefer Robots: An Analysis of Social Failure C. Faking Intimacy: When Machines Decrease Our Humanity D. The Rise of Robot Companions: A Technological Revolution 【答案】31. D 32. D 33. B 34. C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人们与机器人建立关系时，机器人表现出的看似亲密但实际是虚假的共情，这种虚假的亲密关系会让人们逐渐忘记作为人类的意义，减少人性。 31. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Years ago I spoke with a 16-year-old girl who was considering the idea of having a computer companion in the future, and she described the upside to me. It’s not that the robot she had imagined was so inspiring. It’s that she had already found people to be so disappointing. And now, for the first time, she explained to me, people have options. Back then I thought her comments seemed prescient (预见未来的). Now I find them timely. (几年前，我和一个16岁的女孩聊天，她正在考虑将来有一个电脑伴侣的想法，她向我描述了它的好处。这并不是说她想象中的机器人有多么鼓舞人心。而是她已经发现人们是如此令人失望。现在，她向我解释说，人们第一次有了选择。当时我觉得她的评论似乎很有先见之明。现在我发现它们是及时的)”可知，作者在文章开头提到这个16岁的女孩，描述她成长在对话机器被视为能理解她的共情设备的时代，以及她对机器扩展对话范围的自然看法，从而引出全文的核心议题 —— 人类与人工智能伴侣的关系，以及这种关系对人性（尤其是同理心）的潜在影响所。以作者提到这个女孩主要是为了引出话题。故选D项。 32. 推理判断题。根据第三段“In our manufacturing and marketing of these machines, we encourage children to develop an emotional tie that is sure to lead to an empathetic dead end. On top of this, it has become fashionable for psychologists to critique empathy, a unique form of human connection, just at a time when we are starting relationships with objects with none to give. The coincidence is too convenient: children will lose the ability to have empathy if they relate too consistently with objects that cannot form empathetic ties.( 在我们制造和销售这些机器的过程中，我们鼓励孩子们建立一种情感联系，这种联系肯定会导致同理心的死胡同。最重要的是，心理学家批评同理心已经成为一种时尚。这是一种独特的人际关系形式，就在我们开始与无物交往的时候。这种巧合太方便了：如果孩子们与不能形成同理心联系的物体过于一致，他们就会失去同理心的能力)”可知，第三段指出，在人们开始与无共情能力的机器建立关系时，心理学家恰好开始批评人类独特的共情能力。这种“巧合” 使得人们更容易接受机器，间接利于科技行业推广相关产品，因此“科技行业可能从心理周期的时机中获益”。故选D项。 33. 推理判断题。根据第四段“Technology challenges us to look at our human values. We can try to use technology to cure Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s, which would be a blessing, but that blessing is not a reason to move from artificial brain enhancement to artificial intimacy(亲密).( 科技促使我们审视人类的价值。我们可以尝试用技术来治疗帕金森氏症或阿尔茨海默氏症，这将是一种祝福，但这种祝福并不是从人工增强大脑转向人工亲密的理由)”以及第六段中“ From better than nothing to better than anything. These are stations on our voyage to forgetting what it means to be human. But the forgetting begins long before we have a robot companion in place; it begins when we even think of putting one in place( 从聊胜于无到无与伦比。这些都是我们在逐渐遗忘“人之为人的意义”这趟旅程中的站点。但这种遗忘早在我们拥有机器人伴侣之前就已开始；它始于我们甚至萌生“要拥有一个机器人伴侣”这个念头的那一刻)”可知，文章提到我们可以利用技术治疗帕金森或老年痴呆症，这是好事；但会让人们逐渐忘记共情，因此人工亲密反映了技术进步但威胁到了共情（empathy）。故选B项。 34. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了人们与机器人建立关系时，机器人表现出的看似亲密但实际是虚假的共情，这种虚假的亲密关系会让人们逐渐忘记作为人类的意义，减少人性。所以C选项“假装亲密：当机器减少我们的人性时”是最佳标题。故选C项。 Passage 6 （24-25高二下·北京石景山·期末） From a young age, I had dreamed of becoming a professional musician. I spent hours practicing the violin, imagining myself performing on grand stages. So, when I auditioned (音试) for a famed music academy, I believed it was my chance to take a major step toward my goal. The day the results were released, I rushed to check my email. My heart pounded as I opened the message. “We appreciate your audition” and “The competition was intense” were followed by “Unfortunately, we are unable to offer you a spot.” I stared at the screen in disbelief. All my dedication, all the years of effort — had they been for nothing? For weeks, I struggled with self-doubt. I questioned whether I had any talent at all. Every time I picked up my violin, I felt an overwhelming sense of failure. Just as I was about to give up, my music teacher sat me down for a conversation. She told me that rejection was not the end, but rather a redirection. She encouraged me to join a community orchestra (乐队), where I could continue to develop my skills and play music for the complete joy of it. At first, I hesitated. I had always associated success with first-rate programs and distinguished titles. But after some thought, I decided to give it a try. To my surprise, playing in the orchestra reawakened my passion. Unlike the competitive atmosphere of auditions, here I played purely for the love of music. I met musicians from all walks of life and even had the chance to teach younger students. I began to see that fulfillment wasn’t just about fame — it was about sharing music in a meaningful way. Later, when I auditioned for another music program, I still felt nervous. But this time, rejection wouldn’t shake me. I had learned that my dream wasn’t about being accepted into one specific school — it was about the joy of music itself. No rejection could take that away from me. 24. How did the author feel before reading the rejection email? A. Anxious. B. Angry. C. Surprised. D. Settled. 25. What did the author’s music teacher suggest? A. To find a career outside of music. B. To redirect and just enjoy the music. C. To practice harder for the next audition. D. To pursue another famed music academy. 26. Why did the author enjoy playing in the orchestra? A. It offered a path to fame and success. B It was recommended by a famous musician. C. It was less competitive and more meaningful. D. It presented an easier opportunity for auditioning. 27. What lesson did the author learn from this experience? A. Rejection is a sign to give up. B. Fame is the motivation for action. C. Passion matters more than recognition. D. Success comes only from top institutions. 【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者追求音乐梦想受挫后，在老师鼓励下通过加入社区乐队重燃热情并领悟到音乐真谛的故事。 24. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The day the results were released, I rushed to check my email. My heart pounded as I opened the message.(公布结果的那天，我急忙查看邮件。当我打开邮件时，我的心怦怦直跳)”可知，作者在打开邮件前感到焦虑。故选A。 25. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“She told me that rejection was not the end, but rather a redirection. She encouraged me to join a community orchestra (乐队), where I could continue to develop my skills and play music for the complete joy of it.(她告诉我，被拒绝不是终点，而是重新定位。她鼓励我加入社区管弦乐队，在那里我可以继续发展我的技能，纯粹为了音乐的乐趣而演奏)”可知，老师建议作者调整方向并享受音乐。故选B。 26. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Unlike the competitive atmosphere of auditions, here I played purely for the love of music. I met musicians from all walks of life and even had the chance to teach younger students. I began to see that fulfillment wasn’t just about fame — it was about sharing music in a meaningful way.(与试镜的竞争氛围不同，在这里我纯粹是为了热爱音乐而演奏。我遇到了来自各行各业的音乐家，甚至有机会教年轻的学生。我开始意识到，成就感不仅仅来自名气，还来自以有意义的方式分享音乐)”可知，作者喜欢在乐队演奏是因为竞争较少且更有意义。故选C。 27. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I had learned that my dream wasn’t about being accepted into one specific school — it was about the joy of music itself. No rejection could take that away from me.(我明白了我的梦想不是被某一所特定的学校录取，而是关于音乐本身的快乐。没有什么拒绝能夺走这一点)”可知，作者领悟到热情比认可更重要。故选C。 Passage 7 （24-25高二下·北京顺义·期末） In northwest China’s Gansu province, 68-year-old Wang Xilin has devoted more than half his life to protecting the ancient Great Wall. Every day for over three decades, he has walked along the winding wall, keeping watch over this precious piece of China’s cultural heritage (遗产). “At first, the loneliness was very strong,” Wang recalls, “but gradually, every section of the wall became like an old friend to me.” His deep connection to the wall motivated him to continue this important work, which he considers both a family duty and a national responsibility. After retiring from full-time duty last year, Wang passed his responsibilities to his daughter-in-law, ensuring their family’s commitment to wall protection would continue. Though officially retired, he still visits the wall three times weekly, picking up rubbish and reporting any damage he finds. The local wall sections were originally built during China’s Han and Ming dynasties. Protecting these historical structures presents numerous challenges. Wang remembers facing thieves attempting to steal sand and stones from the wall’s foundation. “People used to take materials to build their homes,” he says. “I once had to stand in front of a truck to stop them.” In addition to human threats, natural elements remain the greatest challenge. The earthen walls are easy to damage from rain, snow, and strong winds. Although local government has taken measures to address these threats, the work of the protectors is still physically demanding. They ride motorcycles along dangerous mountain paths in all weather conditions to check the wall weekly. They carefully record any damage while checking that protective fences (栅栏) and warning signs remain in place. Beyond their guarding duties, these protectors also serve as educators, teaching local communities about the wall’s historical importance. For Wang and his fellow protectors, their work is more than just a job—it’s a lifelong mission and source of great pride. As Wang puts it, “As long as I can walk, I’ll keep watching over our Great Wall.” 24. What motivated Wang Xilin to protect the Great Wall? A. His desire to be a famous protector. B. His deep attachment to the Great Wall. C. His interest in the history of the Great Wall. D. His plan to pass the responsibility to his family. 25. According to the passage, what is the work of the protectors? A. Recording any damage to the wall. B. Educating locals on repairing the wall. C. Riding motorcycles to check the wall daily. D. Repairing broken sections with sand and stones. 26. Which of the following best describes Wang Xilin? A. Honest and generous. B. Sensitive and easygoing. C. Creative and warm-hearted. D. Devoted and determined. 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 【导语】这是一篇人物故事，讲述了王希林（音译）保护古老长城的故事。 24. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“His deep connection to the wall motivated him to continue this important work, which he considers both a family duty and a national responsibility.(他对长城的深厚感情激励着他继续这项重要的工作，他认为这既是对家庭的职责，也是对国家的责任)可知，王希林保护长城的动机来自他对长城的深厚情感。故选B项。 25. 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“the work of the protectors is still physically demanding(保护者的这项工作仍然需要耗费体力）以及“They carefully record any damage while checking that protective fences and warning signs remain in place.(他们会仔细记录任何损坏情况，并同时确认防护围栏和警示标志是否仍处于完好状态)可知，保护者要记录长城的损坏情况。故选A项。 26. 推理判断题。根据首段“In northwest China’s Gansu province, 68-year-old Wang Xilin has devoted more than half his life to protecting the ancient Great Wall. Every day for over three decades, he has walked along the winding wall, keeping watch over this precious piece of China’s cultural heritage (在中国西北部的甘肃省，68 岁的王希林先生将自己生命中超过一半的时间都用于保护古老的长城。在过去的三十多年里，他每天都会沿着蜿蜒的城墙行走，守护着这一珍贵的中国文化遗产)”可推断，王希林在保护长城这件事上有奉献精神，而且有决心坚持，D项表示“有献身精神的和有决心的”与推断相吻合。故选D项。 Passage 8 （24-25高二下·北京大兴·期末） Years ago, my Singapore-based sister insisted my mother and I join her for the Christmas. My mum, a fearless woman, would get strangely nervous on flights. Perhaps the only thing that convinced her to overcome her fears was the chance to piece together our declining bond. Growing up, moments with Mum were painfully short-lived because I spent most time at the boarding school, reuniting only during the holidays. Every year, she would eagerly await my return, which would always lead to constant loving scenes. Those valuable moments were gradually disappearing as I moved away for university. Soon, our relationship became tense. She seemed unable to understand me and her stubborn and old-fashioned advice forced me to shut myself. But the more I pulled away, the more I felt a longing for the bond that had grown so weak. Perhaps Singapore would give us a chance to breathe it back to life. I assumed the immersive exhibits at Art Science Museum would refresh my mother, who was an art student. However, I was surprised when she just turned her nose up at the Bruges Whale, a sculpture using plastic waste to raise awareness about ocean pollution. “It’s art, Mum! Be more appreciative.” I defended. Disheartened by the distance between us, I led her to the kid’s zone. We signed up for a joint sketching activity, hoping that would help us connect. As our creative juices flowed, our faded relationship began to take on the hues (色调) and shades of something sincere and beautiful. “Look!” she excitedly pointed towards a digital screen that displayed our creations. “That one’s ours.” Mum went up and reached out, touching the fish as it moved its tail back and forth in the virtual tank. Looking around, I saw children sharing moments with their parents, and my own childhood flashed back. That rare instance where she let slip an inner innocence and delight at a new experience revealed the little girl in her, who was like me, had lost a vital connection to responsibilities of motherhood. “Our time together was like that of friends,” she remarks now. “You were my mother, and I were a child following you around.” Life has indeed come full circle. 24. Why did the author’s mother agree to take the flight to Singapore? A. She was fearless and adventurous by nature. B She was eager to visit the Art Science Museum. C. She missed her Singapore-based daughter very much. D. She wanted to improve the relationship with the author. 25. What was the mother’s reaction to the sculpture Bruges Whale? A. She was deeply concerned about ocean pollution. B. She thought it was a creative use of plastic waste. C. She showed little interest and seemed unimpressed D. She showed great appreciation for its artistic value. 26. What can we infer from the joint sketching activity in the kid’s zone? A. It was a waste of time for adults. B. It helped the mother regain her identity as an art student. C. It made the author realize her mother’s hidden talent in art. D. It provided an opportunity for the mother and daughter to reconnect. 27. What does the last paragraph imply? A. The mother has finally overcome her fear of flying B. Their relationship has returned to a state of closeness. C. They have completed a round trip from their hometown to Singapore. D. The author has grown up and now takes care of her mother like a parent. 【答案】24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和母亲借去新加坡和妹妹过圣诞节之机，修复逐渐疏远的母女关系的故事。 24.细节理解题。根据第一段中“Perhaps the only thing that convinced her to overcome her fears was the chance to piece together our declining bond.(也许唯一能说服她克服恐惧的就是有机会修复我们逐渐疏远的关系)”和第二段中“Perhaps Singapore would give us a chance to breathe it back to life.(也许新加坡会给我们一个让它起死回生的机会)”可知，作者的母亲同意乘飞机去新加坡是因为她想改善和作者的关系。故选D。 25. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“However, I was surprised when she just turned her nose up at the Bruges Whale, a sculpture using plastic waste to raise awareness about ocean pollution.(然而，当她对布鲁日鲸不屑一顾时，我感到很惊讶，这是一座用塑料垃圾来提高人们对海洋污染认识的雕塑)”可知，母亲对布鲁日鲸的反应是“不屑一顾”，即表现出不感兴趣和印象不深。故选C。 26. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Disheartened by the distance between us, I led her to the kid’s zone. We signed up for a joint sketching activity, hoping that would help us connect.(由于我们之间的距离而感到沮丧，我把她带到了儿童区。我们报名参加了一个联合素描活动，希望这能帮助我们建立联系)”和第五段中“Mum went up and reached out, touching the fish as it moved its tail back and forth in the virtual tank.(妈妈走上前，伸出手，触摸着鱼，鱼在虚拟水箱里来回摆动着尾巴)”可知，儿童区的联合素描活动为母女俩提供了一个重新建立联系的机会。故选D。 27. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Our time together was like that of friends(我们在一起的时间就像朋友一样)”和“Life has indeed come full circle.(生活确实已经回到了原点)”可知，最后一段暗示她们的关系已经回到了亲密的状态。故选B。 Passage 9 （24-25高二下·北京房山·期末） During the 50th Annual Violin Society of America Convention and the 25th International Violin Making Competition held in Indiana, US, from Nov 17 to 22, 2024, Yan Xiaoyang won the award of Artisanship, marking the highest honor achieved by Ningxia in such international events. The event attracted 450 participants from over 40 countries and regions worldwide and showcased more than 1,000 instruments, including violins, violas, cellos, and double basses. Yan Xiaoyang, 68, from Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui autonomous region, spent over a decade establishing himself as a top violin maker. When he was 14, Yan first encountered the violin purchased by his father. “My four brothers and I were all fond of it, but it was difficult for me to get a turn, which sparked my interest in making my own violin,” Yan recalled. Three years later, with his woodworking skills, Yan crafted his first violin. “Although the sound quality was unsatisfactory, it marked the first step,” he said. “Since then, handmade violins have been my hobby.” In 2014, Yan fulfilled his long-cherished dream of learning professional violin making under the guidance of the international violin maker Chang Zhongqiu. “Under Chang’s guidance, I gradually grasped the essence of violin making and successfully produced high-quality violins,” he said. “I also received guidance from the international violin-making master Zheng Quan, which further emphasized my attention to detail in violin making and perfect musical expression.” In 2019, Yan began participating in various international violin-making competitions. The standards for competition violins, especially regarding craftsmanship, are extremely strict. “There are more than 100 processes in the violin craftsmanship and each must be done with great care,” he said. “Violin making involves many crucial processes that determine the instrument’s sound and quality, such as crafting the top and back plates.” To ensure the violin achieves a balanced tone, Yan designed the top and back plates with 68 points on each. “I measure the thickness of each point with a micrometer,” he said. “Excellent violin makers need to adhere to craftsmanship standards strictly and undergo repeated adjustments to achieve the instrument’s desired sound state.” By following the paths of our predecessors, he aimed to create a more classic, better and perfect instrument. 24. What can we learn about Yan Xiaoyang’s achievement? A. He pioneered Ningxia’s first international craftsman award. B. He was the oldest participant in the competition held in Indiana. C. His skills attracted 450 participants from more than 40 countries to Ningxia. D. His award is Ningxia’s top honor in international violin-making competitions. 25. What inspired Yan Xiaoyang to make his own violin? A. His early interest in woodworking. B. Limited access to the violin bought by his father. C. His desire to achieve perfection in instrument making. D. Guidance from international violin master Zheng Quan. 26. Why did Yan design the top and back plates with 68 points on each? A. To reduce the time required for violin production. B. To follow the standard set by violin-making masters. C. To ensure a balanced tone through plate thickness control. D. To demonstrate his unique use of micrometers in violin making. 27. What does the author intend to tell us? A. True craftsmen set the trend for artists. B. True craftsmen lead to new inventions. C. Great craftsmanship blooms from talent and patience. D. Great craftsmanship lies in devotion and perseverance. 【答案】24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。介绍了来自宁夏的闫晓阳在国际小提琴制作比赛中获工艺奖，为宁夏最高荣誉，其制琴注重细节与反复调整，彰显专注与坚持。 24. 细节理解题。根据第一段“During the 50th Annual Violin Society of America Convention and the 25th International Violin Making Competition held in Indiana, US, from Nov 17 to 22, 2024, Yan Xiaoyang won the award of Artisanship, marking the highest honor achieved by Ningxia in such international events.(2024年11月17日至22日，在美国印第安纳州举行的第50届美国小提琴学会年会和第25届国际小提琴制作比赛中，闫晓阳获得了工艺奖，这是宁夏在此类国际赛事中获得的最高荣誉。)”可知，他的奖项是宁夏在国际小提琴制作比赛中的最高荣誉。故选D项。 25. 细节理解题。根据第四段“My four brothers and I were all fond of it, but it was difficult for me to get a turn, which sparked my interest in making my own violin,(我和四个兄弟都很喜欢这把琴，但我很难轮到，这激发了我自己制作小提琴的兴趣，)”可知，对父亲买的小提琴使用机会有限，促使他自己制琴。故选B项。 26. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“To ensure the violin achieves a balanced tone, Yan designed the top and back plates with 68 points on each.(为了确保小提琴达到平衡的音色，闫晓阳在顶板和背板上各设计了68个点。)”可知，设计68个点是为通过控制板材厚度保证音色平衡。故选C项。 27. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文中描述闫晓阳从14岁因兴趣制琴，历经多年，在名师指导下严格遵循100多道工序，反复调整、每一道工序都必须非常小心，最终获奖。这体现了工匠精神在于专注与坚持。故选D项。 Passage 10 （24-25高二下·北京通州·期末） It was my first academic conference as a Ph. D. student, and I should have been excited. It was a chance to show my research and meet new people. However, I stayed by the coffee station, too nervous to talk to anyone. I wanted to make connections, but I was afraid of being awkward or not important. By the end of the day, my business cards were still in my pocket. I was relieved it was over, but I also regretted missing another chance to make connections. I’m reflective and observant by nature, someone who prefers quiet moments to the bustle (喧闹) of crowds. The idea of stepping into formal networking situations felt scary. When I started my Ph.D., I saw successful researchers worked with many people. I realized networking helped them. To succeed, I knew I needed to learn to network. It wasn’t easy. I tried at another conference with the best of intentions but still came up empty. My lab mate easily talked to someone and got invited to write a paper with a famous team. I stood there, right beside her — and yet, I let the moment slip by. That’s when it hit me: Networking wasn’t about impressing everyone in the room. It was about speaking up, embracing a bit of vulnerability (脆弱), and finding value in even the smallest exchanges. I’d been waiting for the perfect words, the ideal opening, the “right” moment — but I realized those moments rarely arrive on their own. The key was to let go of perfection and instead seek connection. So I started trying. I went to many events. At first, I was very nervous. My hands sweated, I forgot what to say, and my voice sometimes shook. I worried I sounded silly. But I kept trying. I hoped it would become easier. And it did. I learned to focus on making real connections, not on perfect networking. I started with small talks. For example, I once chatted with another student in a lunch line. We talked about our research and laughed about how strange academic events can be. It wasn’t a big career step, but it was a real connection. 24. How did the author feel at his first conference? A. Eager to distribute all his business cards. B. Anxious about interacting and stayed alone. C. Excited and confident to present his research. D. Disappointed by the quality of the coffee station. 25. What did the author realize about successful researchers? A. They always work hard and alone. B. Networking plays a key role in their success. C. They never feel awkward in social situations. D. Attending every conference leads to their success. 26. What was essential for improving the author’s networking? A. Attending only the biggest events. B. Memorizing a business card script. C. Focusing on connection rather than perfection. D. Waiting for the perfect networking opportunity. 27. What can we learn from the passage? A. Networking skills are more important than research abilities. B. Academic success depends entirely on one’s ability to network. C. Networking becomes effortless once you understand its principles. D. Even small social interactions can be meaningful networking steps. 【答案】24. B 25. B 26. C 27. D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为博士生起初害怕社交，在学术会议上错失机会，后领悟社交在于真诚连接而非完美，通过努力逐渐学会建立真实联系。 24. 细节理解题。根据第一段“However, I stayed by the coffee station, too nervous to talk to anyone. I wanted to make connections, but I was afraid of being awkward or not important. (然而，我则留在咖啡机旁，紧张得不敢与任何人交谈。我本想建立联系，但又害怕会显得笨拙或者觉得自己不重要。)”可知，作者在他第一次参加会议时，对于交流感到紧张，并且一直独自一人。故选B。 25. 细节理解题。根据第二段“When I started my Ph.D., I saw successful researchers worked with many people. I realized networking helped them. (当我开始攻读博士学位时，我看到那些成功的研究人员总是与很多人合作。我意识到人脉关系对他们而言确实有所帮助。)”可知，作者认为成功研究人员的人际网络在他们的成功中起着关键作用。故选B。 26. 细节理解题。根据第三段“The key was to let go of perfection and instead seek connection. (关键在于放下对完美的追求，转而寻求联系。)”可知，对于提升作者的社交网络而言，关键因素是专注于建立联系而非追求完美。故选C。 27. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“I learned to focus on making real connections, not on perfect networking. I started with small talks. For example, I once chatted with another student in a lunch line. We talked about our research and laughed about how strange academic events can be. It wasn’t a big career step, but it was a real connection. (我学会了专注于建立真正的联系，而非一味追求完美的人际网络。我先从简单的交谈开始。比如，有一次我在排队买午餐时与另一位同学聊了起来。我们谈论了自己的研究，并且还一起笑谈了学术活动的种种奇特之处。这并非什么重大的职业发展，但却是一种真正的联系。)”可知，即使是简单的社交互动也能成为有意义的社交步骤。故选D。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（记叙文） Passage 1 （24-25高二下·北京西城·期末） I’ve always been a daring risk taker. But when I was 15, my luck ran out. A horseback riding accident resulted in severe injuries, the death of my beloved horse Spooks, and the horrible news that I’d never ride again. I was set on proving the doctors wrong. Just a few months later, with my mother’s support, I rode sidesaddle and won my first jumping competition. The excitement was incredible. From then on, I committed my life to adventure, remembering my mother’s lesson: never say, “I can’t”. At 22, I read about an opening to be a motorcycle trick rider — I’d learned to ride a few years earlier. Still, it was 1976 and I knew they were unlikely to hire a woman. I thought about that as I signed my trick rider application, leaving off the honorific — Ms., hoping to hide the fact that I was a woman. But they never got back to me. I was heartbroken. Maybe the position had already been filled; maybe they’d discovered I was a woman. My friend Steve then proposed an idea that at first seemed crazy: learning to fly aeroplanes. “Flying is for men,” I laughed at the idea. But gradually, I realized the suggestion had stuck with me. Years ago, trial flights — brief introductory sessions with an instructor — cost just £5 for 15 minutes in the air. Steve and I both signed up, and after my first session, I couldn’t stop talking about flying. I got my license and headed for the US to work as a pilot. It wasn’t easy. Initially, people were doubtful about a woman working in the role, but I ended up outperforming my male colleagues. Twenty years later, I returned to England and started my own flying company. Now, I live a quieter life. I’ve settled in a village in Lincolnshire, spending much of my time volunteering in care homes. Last October, after nearly fifty years and countless adventures, I received a letter from a post office in Staines. It was my trick rider application. The post office apologized for the delay and explained it had been found stuck behind a drawer in the office — the company never received it. Looking back, I realized that even though I didn’t get that job, it led me to a series of adventures that shaped my life in unexpected and fulfilling ways. 14. What did winning the jumping competition bring to the writer? A. The faith in friendship. B. The acquisition of a new skill. C. The recognition of mother’s love. D. The determination to go adventuring. 15 How did the writer feel at first when Steve suggested learning to fly? A. Curious. B. Inspired. C. Desperate. D. Doubtful. 16. Why did the writer fail to receive any reply about the trick ride position? A. Because she forgot to sign the application. B. Because her application was not delivered. C. Because women were unfit for the position. D. Because the position had already been filled. 17. What can we learn from this passage? A. Smart plans make big dreams. B. The best journeys are not mapped. C. Doubt kills more goals than failure. D. Strong women create strong societies. Passage 2 （24-25高二下·北京西城·期末） Monday was the first day of Dartmouth’s spring term. So, as I often do at this time, I started teaching my course for non-science majors called “Understanding the Universe: From Atoms to the Big Bang”. This is what students like to call a “physics for poets” class — a class that explores the history of how humanity has faced some of the deepest questions we can ask about the material world and our place in it, without the math. It is a class that tries to capture the true spirit of the liberal-arts education, mixing the sciences and the humanities as different and complementary ways of knowing the world and why we matter. In fancier words, as an intellectual history of physics and astronomy (天文学), the class requires that scientific thinking be contextualized culturally, so that students can situate the ways in which some of the most revolutionary ideas in the past 2,000 years emerged when they did. Scientists, by training, have little exposure to the humanities. Given that a major in the sciences requires a lot of technical work, we spend precious little time dealing with what happened culturally and historically around the science we are trying to understand. This, I believe, is the reason why so many scientists in the public media condemn (谴责) the humanities as useless. As a consequence, many scientific ideas are presented as having addressed some of the deepest questions we have been asking, when they haven’t. Humanities students, on the other hand, are typically those who avoid the sciences or, at least, math. Their training is also technical, involving lots of reading and critical writing. You can often tell, when you teach this kind of class, who the scientists and the humanists are. All you have to do is write an equation (方程) on the blackboard and look at the class. Humanists will quickly look bored. The scientists will become lively. As you read from Aristotle’s Metaphysics, the opposite will happen. To bridge this gap is the challenge. The classroom is the ideal place for this conversation between the sciences and the humanities to unfold. By exposing students to the two sides of the cultural divide, we stand a chance of creating something that will actually close the gap. Scientists should recognize that some research topics — AI, biotechnology, climate change, life extension, nature, and many others — need to be investigated together with humanists as a joint effort. I finished the first class by reminding the students that not even the best teacher in the world can teach someone who doesn’t want to learn. After all, as Tom Stoppard reminded us in his brilliant play Arcadia, it is wanting to know that makes us matter — scientists and humanists alike. 22. What’s special about the author’s class? A. It guides students to explain revolutionary ideas. B. It appeals to arts students to switch to scientific thinking. C. It breaks the boundary between the sciences and the humanities. D. It挖s into the secrets of human’s position in the material world. 23. Which of the following would the author applaud? A. Mary, a history major, quit computer engineering for lack of interest. B. Mia, an art student, drew pictures of famous scientists for a science fair. C. Ben, teaching chemistry, guided his students to focus on technology work. D. David, studying physics, worked with a philosophy student for his project. 24. What message does the author intend to deliver to his students? A. University courses present challenges. B. The cultural divide deserves approval. C. The eagerness to learn is of significance. D. Prejudice towards the humanities is history. Passage 3 （24-25高二下·北京朝阳·期末） Running has always been my way to just breathe. It used to be that when I ran, my body sped forward, but my mind found a rare stillness, making me feel strong, grounded, clear- headed and free. That changed during the third year of my undergraduate when I was deeply hurt by someone I trusted — someone I considered a friend. Almost overnight, I withdrew from the social person I once was. I felt I needed to find a way to deal with it on my own. Running late at nights and in early mornings became my shelter from that bad memory. I was searching for a cure in the ache of my muscles and the burn of my lungs. I ran faster and harder, thinking that maybe if I abused my body, the pain would go away. I pushed distances and limits I had never tried before. That fall, I signed up for a full marathon. I remember the moment my right knee gave out 4 months into my training. A sharp pain hit. I collapsed and cried, releasing tears I had held back for months. I could no longer put pressure on my right knee. Gradually, as I recovered, I started running again. To my surprise, I felt a shift, subtle (不易察觉的) at first. My runs, once fuelled by pain, became quieter. The road didn’t demand as much from me. A small, barely heard voice inside me said, “Enough.” I no longer needed to run for the hurt. I had learned to live with it, and to carry the pain without letting it consume or define me. I switched to running a half marathon to allow my body to recover and began running alongside friends and joining women’s running groups. When I crossed the finish line, it wasn’t a release but rather a recognition of the strength I had always carried. Unstopping. I felt like myself again. It taught me to pause, to ask myself what I run for, and to learn to be kind to the body that carries me every step of the way. 34. What made the author avoid socializing? A. The need for running. B. The search for freedom. C. The pursuit of a clear mind. D. The harm from a friend. 35. Why did the author run faster and harder? A. To ease her suffering. B. To train her muscles. C. To unlock her potential. D. To fight for a marathon. 36. As for running, how did the author feel after her knee’s injury? A. Excited. B. Challenged. C. Relieved. D. Disappointed. 37. What can we learn from the passage? A. Love is a verb. Act it out. B. Think twice before you move. C. You hold the seed of your rebirth. D. Success is built on focus, not fear. Passage 4 （24-25高二下·北京丰台·期末） Reading and writing, like any other things, come to the mind slowly, in pieces. But for me, as an E. S. L. student from a family of rice farmers, who saw reading and writing as nothing the experience of working through a book, was similar to standing in quicksand, your loved ones gathered at its safe edges, their arms folded in distrust and doubt as you sink. When I was in fourth grade, I had become fluent — but only in speech, not in the written word. One early-spring afternoon, we got an assignment in language-arts class: we had two weeks to write a poem in honor of National Poetry Month. Normally, my poor writing abilities would excuse me from such assignments, and I would instead spend the class mindlessly copying out passages from books. The task allowed me to hide myself, as long as I looked as though I were doing something smart, my shame and failure were hidden. Yet something stirred in me that afternoon. Perhaps it was the spring air, or the way sunlight fell across my notebook, but for the first time I wanted to try — truly try — to make words obey me instead of hiding behind borrowed ones. “Where is it?” one of my classmates asked. Weeks earlier, I’d been in the library. It was where I would hide during the break. I sat on the floor beside a tape player. From a box of tape recordings, I chose one labeled “Great Speeches”. I mouthed to myself as the speakers spoke. It occurred to me that I had been mouthing my grandmother’s stories as well, the ones she had been telling me ever since I was born. Of course, not being able to read does not mean that one is empty of stories. I pointed to my work hanging from his fingers. “No, where is the poem you plagiarized (抄袭) ? How did you even write something like this?” Then he tipped my desk toward me. “It’s right here.” I said, pointing to my poem held between his fingers. I had read books that weren’t books, and I had read them using everything but my eyes. From that invisible “reading”, I had pressed my world onto paper. As such, I was a fraud (骗子) in a field of language, which is to say, I was a writer. I have “plagiarized” my life to give you the best of me. 25. Why did the author struggle with reading and writing at first? A. He had a learning disability. B. His school lacked proper resources. C. He preferred speaking over writing. D. His family saw no value in reading and writing. 26. What mainly led the author to write the poem? A. He wanted to impress his classmates. B. He wanted to prove himself to his family. C. The poetry assignment was easier than he expected. D. He was tired of hiding his shame and fear of failure. 27. What can we learn from this passage? A. Life writes the best stories. B. Do not cry over spilled milk. C. Every cloud has a silver lining. D. Don’t judge a book by its cover. Passage 5 （24-25高二下·北京丰台·期末） Years ago I spoke with a 16-year-old girl who was considering the idea of having a computer companion in the future, and she described the upside to me. It’s not that the robot she had imagined was so inspiring. It’s that she had already found people to be so disappointing. And now, for the first time, she explained to me, people have options. Back then I thought her comments seemed prescient (预见未来的) . Now I find them timely. This girl had grown up in a time when conversational machines were presented as empathy devices that could understand her. And so it seemed natural to her that other machines would expand the range of conversation. But there is something she may have been too young to understand or, like a lot of us, tend to forget when we talk to machines. These robots can perform empathy in a conversation about your friend, your mother, or your child, but they have no experience of any of these relationships. Their conversations about life occupy the realm of the as-if. In our manufacturing and marketing of these machines, we encourage children to develop an emotional tie that is sure to lead to an empathetic dead end. On top of this, it has become fashionable for psychologists to critique empathy, a unique form of human connection, just at a time when we are starting relationships with objects with none to give. The coincidence is too convenient: children will lose the ability to have empathy if they relate too consistently with objects that cannot form empathetic ties. Technology challenges us to look at our human values. We can try to use technology to cure Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s, which would be a blessing, but that blessing is not a reason to move from artificial brain enhancement to artificial intimacy (亲密). And yet that is the kind of talk that one hears these days. The narrative begins with the idea that compassionate robots would be “better than nothing”, better because there aren’t enough people to teach, love, and tend to people. But that idea quickly shifts into another: robots would be better than almost anything. Unlike people, they would not abandon you or get sick and die. They might not be capable of love, but they won’t break your heart. From better than nothing to better than anything. These are stations on our voyage to forgetting what it means to be human. But the forgetting begins long before we have a robot companion in place; it begins when we even think of putting one in place. To build the robots, we must first rebuild ourselves as people ready to be their companions. Being human today is about the struggle to remain genuinely empathetic. Ourselves-to remember why it matters, to remember what we cherish. These says, to be human is to keep one’s mind on the glory that one is. 31. The author mentions the 16-year-old girl mainly to . A. draw a comparison B. provide an example C. evaluate a comment D. introduce a topic 32. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3? A. Technology unexpectedly advances empathy studies. B. Psychologists accidentally ignore the needs of children. C. The criticism of empathy is scientifically valid but poorly timed. D. The tech industries may benefit from the timing of psychological cycles? 33. Which of the following statements might the author agree with? A. Technological progress clarifies human values through challenges. B. Artificial intimacy reflects technological progress yet threatens empathy. C. Technology’s medical benefits justify its application in emotional domains. D. Future technologies like AI companions require stricter moral regulations. 34. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Empathy at Risk: Psychology’s New Frontier B. Why Humans Prefer Robots: An Analysis of Social Failure C. Faking Intimacy: When Machines Decrease Our Humanity D. The Rise of Robot Companions: A Technological Revolution Passage 6 （24-25高二下·北京石景山·期末） From a young age, I had dreamed of becoming a professional musician. I spent hours practicing the violin, imagining myself performing on grand stages. So, when I auditioned (音试) for a famed music academy, I believed it was my chance to take a major step toward my goal. The day the results were released, I rushed to check my email. My heart pounded as I opened the message. “We appreciate your audition” and “The competition was intense” were followed by “Unfortunately, we are unable to offer you a spot.” I stared at the screen in disbelief. All my dedication, all the years of effort — had they been for nothing? For weeks, I struggled with self-doubt. I questioned whether I had any talent at all. Every time I picked up my violin, I felt an overwhelming sense of failure. Just as I was about to give up, my music teacher sat me down for a conversation. She told me that rejection was not the end, but rather a redirection. She encouraged me to join a community orchestra (乐队), where I could continue to develop my skills and play music for the complete joy of it. At first, I hesitated. I had always associated success with first-rate programs and distinguished titles. But after some thought, I decided to give it a try. To my surprise, playing in the orchestra reawakened my passion. Unlike the competitive atmosphere of auditions, here I played purely for the love of music. I met musicians from all walks of life and even had the chance to teach younger students. I began to see that fulfillment wasn’t just about fame — it was about sharing music in a meaningful way. Later, when I auditioned for another music program, I still felt nervous. But this time, rejection wouldn’t shake me. I had learned that my dream wasn’t about being accepted into one specific school — it was about the joy of music itself. No rejection could take that away from me. 24. How did the author feel before reading the rejection email? A. Anxious. B. Angry. C. Surprised. D. Settled. 25. What did the author’s music teacher suggest? A. To find a career outside of music. B. To redirect and just enjoy the music. C. To practice harder for the next audition. D. To pursue another famed music academy. 26. Why did the author enjoy playing in the orchestra? A. It offered a path to fame and success. B It was recommended by a famous musician. C. It was less competitive and more meaningful. D. It presented an easier opportunity for auditioning. 27. What lesson did the author learn from this experience? A. Rejection is a sign to give up. B. Fame is the motivation for action. C. Passion matters more than recognition. D. Success comes only from top institutions. Passage 7 （24-25高二下·北京顺义·期末） In northwest China’s Gansu province, 68-year-old Wang Xilin has devoted more than half his life to protecting the ancient Great Wall. Every day for over three decades, he has walked along the winding wall, keeping watch over this precious piece of China’s cultural heritage (遗产). “At first, the loneliness was very strong,” Wang recalls, “but gradually, every section of the wall became like an old friend to me.” His deep connection to the wall motivated him to continue this important work, which he considers both a family duty and a national responsibility. After retiring from full-time duty last year, Wang passed his responsibilities to his daughter-in-law, ensuring their family’s commitment to wall protection would continue. Though officially retired, he still visits the wall three times weekly, picking up rubbish and reporting any damage he finds. The local wall sections were originally built during China’s Han and Ming dynasties. Protecting these historical structures presents numerous challenges. Wang remembers facing thieves attempting to steal sand and stones from the wall’s foundation. “People used to take materials to build their homes,” he says. “I once had to stand in front of a truck to stop them.” In addition to human threats, natural elements remain the greatest challenge. The earthen walls are easy to damage from rain, snow, and strong winds. Although local government has taken measures to address these threats, the work of the protectors is still physically demanding. They ride motorcycles along dangerous mountain paths in all weather conditions to check the wall weekly. They carefully record any damage while checking that protective fences (栅栏) and warning signs remain in place. Beyond their guarding duties, these protectors also serve as educators, teaching local communities about the wall’s historical importance. For Wang and his fellow protectors, their work is more than just a job—it’s a lifelong mission and source of great pride. As Wang puts it, “As long as I can walk, I’ll keep watching over our Great Wall.” 24. What motivated Wang Xilin to protect the Great Wall? A. His desire to be a famous protector. B. His deep attachment to the Great Wall. C. His interest in the history of the Great Wall. D. His plan to pass the responsibility to his family. 25. According to the passage, what is the work of the protectors? A. Recording any damage to the wall. B. Educating locals on repairing the wall. C. Riding motorcycles to check the wall daily. D. Repairing broken sections with sand and stones. 26. Which of the following best describes Wang Xilin? A. Honest and generous. B. Sensitive and easygoing. C. Creative and warm-hearted. D. Devoted and determined. Passage 8 （24-25高二下·北京大兴·期末） Years ago, my Singapore-based sister insisted my mother and I join her for the Christmas. My mum, a fearless woman, would get strangely nervous on flights. Perhaps the only thing that convinced her to overcome her fears was the chance to piece together our declining bond. Growing up, moments with Mum were painfully short-lived because I spent most time at the boarding school, reuniting only during the holidays. Every year, she would eagerly await my return, which would always lead to constant loving scenes. Those valuable moments were gradually disappearing as I moved away for university. Soon, our relationship became tense. She seemed unable to understand me and her stubborn and old-fashioned advice forced me to shut myself. But the more I pulled away, the more I felt a longing for the bond that had grown so weak. Perhaps Singapore would give us a chance to breathe it back to life. I assumed the immersive exhibits at Art Science Museum would refresh my mother, who was an art student. However, I was surprised when she just turned her nose up at the Bruges Whale, a sculpture using plastic waste to raise awareness about ocean pollution. “It’s art, Mum! Be more appreciative.” I defended. Disheartened by the distance between us, I led her to the kid’s zone. We signed up for a joint sketching activity, hoping that would help us connect. As our creative juices flowed, our faded relationship began to take on the hues (色调) and shades of something sincere and beautiful. “Look!” she excitedly pointed towards a digital screen that displayed our creations. “That one’s ours.” Mum went up and reached out, touching the fish as it moved its tail back and forth in the virtual tank. Looking around, I saw children sharing moments with their parents, and my own childhood flashed back. That rare instance where she let slip an inner innocence and delight at a new experience revealed the little girl in her, who was like me, had lost a vital connection to responsibilities of motherhood. “Our time together was like that of friends,” she remarks now. “You were my mother, and I were a child following you around.” Life has indeed come full circle. 24. Why did the author’s mother agree to take the flight to Singapore? A. She was fearless and adventurous by nature. B She was eager to visit the Art Science Museum. C. She missed her Singapore-based daughter very much. D. She wanted to improve the relationship with the author. 25. What was the mother’s reaction to the sculpture Bruges Whale? A. She was deeply concerned about ocean pollution. B. She thought it was a creative use of plastic waste. C. She showed little interest and seemed unimpressed D. She showed great appreciation for its artistic value. 26. What can we infer from the joint sketching activity in the kid’s zone? A. It was a waste of time for adults. B. It helped the mother regain her identity as an art student. C. It made the author realize her mother’s hidden talent in art. D. It provided an opportunity for the mother and daughter to reconnect. 27. What does the last paragraph imply? A. The mother has finally overcome her fear of flying B. Their relationship has returned to a state of closeness. C. They have completed a round trip from their hometown to Singapore. D. The author has grown up and now takes care of her mother like a parent. Passage 9 （24-25高二下·北京房山·期末） During the 50th Annual Violin Society of America Convention and the 25th International Violin Making Competition held in Indiana, US, from Nov 17 to 22, 2024, Yan Xiaoyang won the award of Artisanship, marking the highest honor achieved by Ningxia in such international events. The event attracted 450 participants from over 40 countries and regions worldwide and showcased more than 1,000 instruments, including violins, violas, cellos, and double basses. Yan Xiaoyang, 68, from Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui autonomous region, spent over a decade establishing himself as a top violin maker. When he was 14, Yan first encountered the violin purchased by his father. “My four brothers and I were all fond of it, but it was difficult for me to get a turn, which sparked my interest in making my own violin,” Yan recalled. Three years later, with his woodworking skills, Yan crafted his first violin. “Although the sound quality was unsatisfactory, it marked the first step,” he said. “Since then, handmade violins have been my hobby.” In 2014, Yan fulfilled his long-cherished dream of learning professional violin making under the guidance of the international violin maker Chang Zhongqiu. “Under Chang’s guidance, I gradually grasped the essence of violin making and successfully produced high-quality violins,” he said. “I also received guidance from the international violin-making master Zheng Quan, which further emphasized my attention to detail in violin making and perfect musical expression.” In 2019, Yan began participating in various international violin-making competitions. The standards for competition violins, especially regarding craftsmanship, are extremely strict. “There are more than 100 processes in the violin craftsmanship and each must be done with great care,” he said. “Violin making involves many crucial processes that determine the instrument’s sound and quality, such as crafting the top and back plates.” To ensure the violin achieves a balanced tone, Yan designed the top and back plates with 68 points on each. “I measure the thickness of each point with a micrometer,” he said. “Excellent violin makers need to adhere to craftsmanship standards strictly and undergo repeated adjustments to achieve the instrument’s desired sound state.” By following the paths of our predecessors, he aimed to create a more classic, better and perfect instrument. 24. What can we learn about Yan Xiaoyang’s achievement? A. He pioneered Ningxia’s first international craftsman award. B. He was the oldest participant in the competition held in Indiana. C. His skills attracted 450 participants from more than 40 countries to Ningxia. D. His award is Ningxia’s top honor in international violin-making competitions. 25. What inspired Yan Xiaoyang to make his own violin? A. His early interest in woodworking. B. Limited access to the violin bought by his father. C. His desire to achieve perfection in instrument making. D. Guidance from international violin master Zheng Quan. 26. Why did Yan design the top and back plates with 68 points on each? A. To reduce the time required for violin production. B. To follow the standard set by violin-making masters. C. To ensure a balanced tone through plate thickness control. D. To demonstrate his unique use of micrometers in violin making. 27. What does the author intend to tell us? A. True craftsmen set the trend for artists. B. True craftsmen lead to new inventions. C. Great craftsmanship blooms from talent and patience. D. Great craftsmanship lies in devotion and perseverance. Passage 10 （24-25高二下·北京通州·期末） It was my first academic conference as a Ph. D. student, and I should have been excited. It was a chance to show my research and meet new people. However, I stayed by the coffee station, too nervous to talk to anyone. I wanted to make connections, but I was afraid of being awkward or not important. By the end of the day, my business cards were still in my pocket. I was relieved it was over, but I also regretted missing another chance to make connections. I’m reflective and observant by nature, someone who prefers quiet moments to the bustle (喧闹) of crowds. The idea of stepping into formal networking situations felt scary. When I started my Ph.D., I saw successful researchers worked with many people. I realized networking helped them. To succeed, I knew I needed to learn to network. It wasn’t easy. I tried at another conference with the best of intentions but still came up empty. My lab mate easily talked to someone and got invited to write a paper with a famous team. I stood there, right beside her — and yet, I let the moment slip by. That’s when it hit me: Networking wasn’t about impressing everyone in the room. It was about speaking up, embracing a bit of vulnerability (脆弱), and finding value in even the smallest exchanges. I’d been waiting for the perfect words, the ideal opening, the “right” moment — but I realized those moments rarely arrive on their own. The key was to let go of perfection and instead seek connection. So I started trying. I went to many events. At first, I was very nervous. My hands sweated, I forgot what to say, and my voice sometimes shook. I worried I sounded silly. But I kept trying. I hoped it would become easier. And it did. I learned to focus on making real connections, not on perfect networking. I started with small talks. For example, I once chatted with another student in a lunch line. We talked about our research and laughed about how strange academic events can be. It wasn’t a big career step, but it was a real connection. 24. How did the author feel at his first conference? A. Eager to distribute all his business cards. B. Anxious about interacting and stayed alone. C. Excited and confident to present his research. D. Disappointed by the quality of the coffee station. 25. What did the author realize about successful researchers? A. They always work hard and alone. B. Networking plays a key role in their success. C. They never feel awkward in social situations. D. Attending every conference leads to their success. 26. What was essential for improving the author’s networking? A. Attending only the biggest events. B. Memorizing a business card script. C. Focusing on connection rather than perfection. D. Waiting for the perfect networking opportunity. 27. What can we learn from the passage? A. Networking skills are more important than research abilities. B. Academic success depends entirely on one’s ability to network. C. Networking becomes effortless once you understand its principles. D. Even small social interactions can be meaningful networking steps. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（记叙文） 参考答案 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·北京西城·期末） 【答案】14. D 15. D 16. B 17. B Passage 2 （24-25高二下·北京西城·期末） 【答案】22. C 23. D 24. C Passage 3 （24-25高二下·北京朝阳·期末） 【答案】34. D 35. A 36. C 37. C Passage 4 （24-25高二下·北京丰台·期末） 【答案】25. D 26. D 27. A Passage 5 （24-25高二下·北京丰台·期末） 【答案】31. D 32. D 33. B 34. C Passage 6 （24-25高二下·北京石景山·期末） 【答案】24. A 25. B 26. C 27. C Passage 7 （24-25高二下·北京顺义·期末） 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D Passage 8 （24-25高二下·北京大兴·期末） 【答案】24. D 25. C 26. D 27. B Passage 9 （24-25高二下·北京房山·期末） 【答案】24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D Passage 10 （24-25高二下·北京通州·期末） 【答案】24. B 25. B 26. C 27. D 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $