北京丰台区2024-2025学年高二下学期期末英语试题

丰台区2024～2025学年度第二学期期末练习 高二英语 考生须知 1．答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、班级、姓名、教育ID号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的教育：ID号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。 2．本次练习所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。 3．请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在练习卷、草稿纸上答题无效。 4．本练习卷满分共100分，作答时长90分钟。 笔试（共三部分100分） 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5 分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 At the start of my career, I went to one of my first professional dinners. There were eight of us from a few different companies who were exploring working together. As luck would have it, we turned out to be a painfully ___1___ table of socially awkward introverts (内向的人). Each attempt to get a conversation going fell flat. Each person ___2___ their food instead of making eye contact. Eating was easier than talking. While I struggled to think of what to say out loud, there was a lively chatter running in my head: I ___3___ these dinners. They’re awkward and unnatural and I wish I was at home reading a book or organizing my sock drawer by color. I ____4____ my brain to think of something to talk about and kept coming up blank. Playing with my water glass for the seventh time, I kept my eyes down on my napkin (纸巾). Just when the ___5___ got to the point of feeling unbearable, our tablemate Aaron cleared his throat, “I’m building a deck (露台) on the back of my home.” Everyone moved forward and breathed out with ___6___. Finally, someone was talking! It was not the conversation starter expected at a business dinner, but we were so grateful for the contribution As Aaron told his story, the table came to life. Laughter ___7___ tension. Silence became energy. Other tables looked over at ours. Each of us hit Aaron with different questions. The story not only created a shift, but it also created a(n) ___8___. The dinner was to talk about a project where Aaron’s company would be a potential vendor (供应商) for my company. I was getting ready for sales talks and requests. ____9____, I got someone willing to share real life and moments for the sole purpose of improving an interaction. He was my _____10_____ for removing the awkwardness from the situation. 1. A. clean B. quiet C. messy D. modern 2. A. focused on B. discussed over C. ate up D. prepared for 3. A. hold B. remember C. miss D. hate 4. A. relaxed B. trained C. controlled D. willed 5. A. conflict B. tension C. pleasure D. comfort 6. A. concern B. regret C. anger D. relief 7. A. reflected B. ignored C. replaced D. delayed 8. A. plan B. system C. rule D. connection 9. A. Instead B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. Meanwhile 10. A. protector B. friend C. leader D. hero 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分。共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Inside your head are tiny liquid-filled structures ____11____ (call) vestibular (前庭) organs. These tell your brain ____12____ fast your body is moving and in what direction. This combines with your other senses to help your brain understand what your body is doing. On a plane, these signals don’t agree. Your eyes tell your brain that you are sitting still, but your vestibular organs sense that you are speeding ____13____ hundreds of miles per hour. These conflicting signals can make you feel unwell. B 阅读下列短文。根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 An electric car has been seen taking off and flying in a test and ____14____ could change the future of travel. Last month, a company ____15____( fly) their vehicle, which rose straight up through the air like a helicopter, successfully completing a short flight over another parked car. While there have been other test flights involving flying cars in the past, this is the first time such an ____16____( invent) has been seen lifting off vertically(垂直地). C 阅读下列短文.根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 At the age of 5, Sun Chi was diagnosed with autism (自闭症). Over the years, they ____17____ (receive) help from many caring individuals and organizations, ____18____ (make) a great difference in their lives. As society’s awareness of people with autism has grown, related ____19____ (policy) have also improved, providing more resources and opportunities for families like ____20____ (they). 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Teens Make History (TMH) is a program for high school students that emphasizes teamwork and peer leadership. The program has two parts: Date Time Location STL Changemakers June 3 to June 13 (summer session) Monday through Friday (9:00—11:00 am) Missouri History Museum Teen Historian Apprenticeships (学徒工作) During the school year Wednesday and Thursday (3:30—5:30 pm) Missouri History Museum STL Changemakers STL Changemakers is a free two-week summer program. High school students from different backgrounds entering grades 10 to 12 are welcome to join. Teens receive a $150 allowance for participating. The registration will open on February 1 and will close on March 10. The participants will: ·Explore St. Louis history ·Engage with today’s most pressing issues ·Develop projects focused on creating a better future for the St. Louis region ·Accept candidates from a wide variety of backgrounds Teen Historian Apprenticeships Teen Historian Apprenticeships are paid part-time jobs that teens can keep for one school year. During the past years, apprentices have created and designed museum exhibits and written historical articles. Future projects will expand to a variety of creative projects. The apprentices will: ·Work on digital projects, including videos, and online exhibits ·Conduct historical research on topics they care about ·Participate in regular professional development workshops Interested in Teens Make History? Fill out our form. For questions, please contact Ryan De Loach at rdeloach@mohistory.org. 21. According to the schedule, STL Changemakers will run ______ . A. on weekday mornings B. on summer afternoons C. on spring mornings D. on weekend evenings 22. If you want to join STL Changemakers, you ______ . A. have to pay a fee B. must be in grade 10 or below C. need to register before March 10 D. need to have a background in social work 23. Which activity will be probably added to Teen Historian Apprenticeships? A. Designing museum exhibits. B. Creating digital content like videos. C. Organizing professional workshops. D. Writing fictional stories about history. 24 What’s the main purpose of the passage? A. To introduce the advantages of TMH. B. To attract high school students to join TMH. C. To describe the development process of TMH. D. To analyze the differences between the two parts of TMH. B Reading and writing, like any other things, come to the mind slowly, in pieces. But for me, as an E. S. L. student from a family of rice farmers, who saw reading and writing as nothing the experience of working through a book, was similar to standing in quicksand, your loved ones gathered at its safe edges, their arms folded in distrust and doubt as you sink. When I was in fourth grade, I had become fluent — but only in speech, not in the written word. One early-spring afternoon, we got an assignment in language-arts class: we had two weeks to write a poem in honor of National Poetry Month. Normally, my poor writing abilities would excuse me from such assignments, and I would instead spend the class mindlessly copying out passages from books. The task allowed me to hide myself, as long as I looked as though I were doing something smart, my shame and failure were hidden. Yet something stirred in me that afternoon. Perhaps it was the spring air, or the way sunlight fell across my notebook, but for the first time I wanted to try — truly try — to make words obey me instead of hiding behind borrowed ones. “Where is it?” one of my classmates asked. Weeks earlier, I’d been in the library. It was where I would hide during the break. I sat on the floor beside a tape player. From a box of tape recordings, I chose one labeled “Great Speeches”. I mouthed to myself as the speakers spoke. It occurred to me that I had been mouthing my grandmother’s stories as well, the ones she had been telling me ever since I was born. Of course, not being able to read does not mean that one is empty of stories. I pointed to my work hanging from his fingers. “No, where is the poem you plagiarized (抄袭) ? How did you even write something like this?” Then he tipped my desk toward me. “It’s right here.” I said, pointing to my poem held between his fingers. I had read books that weren’t books, and I had read them using everything but my eyes. From that invisible “reading”, I had pressed my world onto paper. As such, I was a fraud (骗子) in a field of language, which is to say, I was a writer. I have “plagiarized” my life to give you the best of me. 25. Why did the author struggle with reading and writing at first? A. He had a learning disability. B. His school lacked proper resources. C. He preferred speaking over writing. D. His family saw no value in reading and writing. 26 What mainly led the author to write the poem? A. He wanted to impress his classmates. B. He wanted to prove himself to his family. C. The poetry assignment was easier than he expected. D. He was tired of hiding his shame and fear of failure. 27 What can we learn from this passage? A. Life writes the best stories. B. Do not cry over spilled milk. C. Every cloud has a silver lining. D. Don’t judge a book by its cover. C Ask most people what “the good life” involves, and they will likely mention a list of goods. Even Aristotle, who believed that the key to happiness is the cultivation and exercise of virtue, still thought certain goods were either prerequisites (先决条件) for happiness or were goods that came to the virtuous. But consider this thought experiment. Let’s compare two actors’ lives. First, meet Toby. Toby struggles to get work for many years. But as the years go by, Toby works his way up to become a famous actor. His lifetime earnings are $20 million, and he wins an Oscar for his final movie. Now, meet Ybot. Ybot wins an Oscar for his very first film role. After this initial success, he begins to endure a number of difficulties. Towards the end of his career (across which he has earned $20 million, mostly at the start), he finally retires into humble obscurity (默默无闻). As you’ll have quickly realized, these two actors’ lives, like their names, are mirror-images. If we view their lives as a sort of balance sheet of experiential profit and loss, they both seem to lead lives of equal net worth. The only difference is that Ybot experiences those goods and bads inversely to Toby. If flourishing is just a matter of enjoying certain goods, then it seems both actors flourish to the same extent. Yet most of us would much prefer to live like Toby than Ybot. But why should that make a difference, if both lives contain the same net benefits? When comparing the overall welfare level of different lives, it seems natural enough to think of a person’s life as a sort of container for various good and bad experiences. The goods and the bads are what we evaluate; the “container” they sit in is basically neutral. But that “balance sheet” model seems to miss another kind of value. We might value things like overcoming adversity (逆境), or not having our successes come too easily. A life of early success followed by decline seems like a less overall successful life than one where success comes later in the day. This intuitive judgment finds expression in what’s been called the “shape of life” hypothesis. On this view, living a good life is not simply about having the right kind of experiences or life-events, but of having them in the right order or sequence. What the shape of life hypothesis suggests is that our lives are not simply bags into which we cream good things and bad things. The type of life it is—the genre of that life-story, so to speak—matters too. Without the right shape, even a life full of wonderful things can end up as a tale we’d prefer not to live out. 28. What does the word “inversely” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. Similarly. B. Oppositely C. Relatively. D. Exclusively. 29. The author introduces the “shape of life” hypothesis by ______ . A. clarifying a goal B. analyzing an event C. challenging an established notion D. introducing contrasting viewpoints 30. Which would the author agree with? A. Early success followed by failure feels worse than late success. B. A life with more goods is better than one with fewer possessions. C. The “balance sheet” model is a powerful tool to define the good life. D. Hardships and misfortune are essential factors in judging the quality of life. D Years ago I spoke with a 16-year-old girl who was considering the idea of having a computer companion in the future, and she described the upside to me. It’s not that the robot she had imagined was so inspiring. It’s that she had already found people to be so disappointing. And now, for the first time, she explained to me, people have options. Back then I thought her comments seemed prescient (预见未来的) . Now I find them timely. This girl had grown up in a time when conversational machines were presented as empathy devices that could understand her. And so it seemed natural to her that other machines would expand the range of conversation. But there is something she may have been too young to understand or, like a lot of us, tend to forget when we talk to machines. These robots can perform empathy in a conversation about your friend, your mother, or your child, but they have no experience of any of these relationships. Their conversations about life occupy the realm of the as-if. In our manufacturing and marketing of these machines, we encourage children to develop an emotional tie that is sure to lead to an empathetic dead end. On top of this, it has become fashionable for psychologists to critique empathy, a unique form of human connection, just at a time when we are starting relationships with objects with none to give. The coincidence is too convenient: children will lose the ability to have empathy if they relate too consistently with objects that cannot form empathetic ties. Technology challenges us to look at our human values. We can try to use technology to cure Parkinson’s or Alzheimer’s, which would be a blessing, but that blessing is not a reason to move from artificial brain enhancement to artificial intimacy (亲密). And yet that is the kind of talk that one hears these days. The narrative begins with the idea that compassionate robots would be “better than nothing”, better because there aren’t enough people to teach, love, and tend to people. But that idea quickly shifts into another: robots would be better than almost anything. Unlike people, they would not abandon you or get sick and die. They might not be capable of love, but they won’t break your heart. From better than nothing to better than anything. These are stations on our voyage to forgetting what it means to be human. But the forgetting begins long before we have a robot companion in place; it begins when we even think of putting one in place. To build the robots, we must first rebuild ourselves as people ready to be their companions. Being human today is about the struggle to remain genuinely empathetic. Ourselves-to remember why it matters, to remember what we cherish. These says, to be human is to keep one’s mind on the glory that one is. 31. The author mentions the 16-year-old girl mainly to . A. draw a comparison B. provide an example C. evaluate a comment D. introduce a topic 32. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3? A. Technology unexpectedly advances empathy studies. B. Psychologists accidentally ignore the needs of children. C. The criticism of empathy is scientifically valid but poorly timed. D. The tech industries may benefit from the timing of psychological cycles? 33. Which of the following statements might the author agree with? A. Technological progress clarifies human values through challenges. B. Artificial intimacy reflects technological progress yet threatens empathy. C Technology’s medical benefits justify its application in emotional domains. D. Future technologies like AI companions require stricter moral regulations. 34. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Empathy at Risk: Psychology’s New Frontier B. Why Humans Prefer Robots: An Analysis of Social Failure C. Faking Intimacy: When Machines Decrease Our Humanity D. The Rise of Robot Companions: A Technological Revolution 第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 When was the last time you felt proud of being sensitive? Most likely the answer is never. ____35____. It’s used to mean you’re fragile thin-skinned or just overreacting. Men are told that they shouldn’t be sensitive at all, whereas women are told not to be “so” sensitive. Either way, the message sensitive people get isn’t to celebrate who they are. It’s that they should “overcome” their sensitivity and “toughen up”. Putting aside that this approach doesn’t work, it’s wrongheaded. Sensitivity is largely genetic (基因的) , and not something you can turn off. ____36____ As a personality trait (特性) , being sensitive means you take in more information from your environment, and you do more with it. Sensitive people are wired at a brain level to process information more deeply than others do. ____37____ You probably notice what others miss, think, and feel deeply, and have a vivid inner life. You probably also get overstimulated in situations that don’t bother anyone else. Sensitive people are wired to go deep. And that depth comes with gifts. The most well-known and celebrated sensitive gift is creativity. Many of our greatest thinkers and scientists throughout history have been sensitive people, including Charles Darwin. They tend to spend more time and energy turning problems over in their heads. This process helps them see more possibilities and solutions ____38____ They often become overstimulated. Overstimulation is what happens when there is simply too much information for the brain to keep going deep. But sensitive people can learn to largely prevent it — particularly by building time into each day to simply let the mind process and “catch up”. For sensitive people, a little bit of quiet alone time goes a very long way. If any of this sounds like you, you might be more sensitive than you realize. If so, you have probably felt the pressure to hide it. But that’s a trap. ____39____ Instead, embrace (拥抱) it, and show it to the world. A. However, sensitive people do pay a price. B. You cannot make yourself less sensitive than you are. C. It is a trait linked to giftedness and something we ought to embrace. D. A second strength sensitive people have is their decision-making ability. E. If you’re sensitive, this deep processing changes the way you see the world. F. We take pride in many traits but being “sensitive” is often viewed as a weakness. G. Sensitive people naturally attract more social attention due to their emotional expressiveness. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面文段，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 In a time when the term “attention economy” is as common as the phones and computers that keep us looking at screens, every scroll, click, like, and share is not just a simple action. It’s a trade using the world’s most valuable “money”: our attention. This system views our focus as a limited resource that companies try to get and make money from. It has changed deeply how we interact with others, meaning we need to look closer at it—not just see it as a popular phrase. Consider this: every moment of your day, from the minute you wake up to the second you fall asleep, is a series of decisions about where to assign your attention. When we direct our focus towards one activity, we inherently dismiss countless others. These daily choices define our lives, shaping our relationships, knowledge, health, and happiness. The attention economy is a double-edged sword. On one side, it offers a tailored world where our preferences and interests guide the content and opportunities presented to us. On the other, it poses significant challenges that threaten to weaken the quality of our attention, our relationships, and our understanding of the world. As we move forward, the task at hand is not just to handle the attention economy but to reshape it in a way that respects and enriches our most precious resource: our attention. To overcome the challenges, I can ask my family what caught their attention on social media today, sparking a conversation that bridges our digital divide. By paying attention to what we pay attention to, we not only enrich our own lives but also strengthen the bonds that connect us to one another. 40. What do our daily choices do to our lives? __________________________________________________________________________ 41. How can the author overcome the challenges that the attention economy poses? __________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶Moving ahead, our primary challenge is not merely to handle the attention economy but to reshape it in a way that saves our most precious resource: our attention. __________________________________________________________________________ 43. How do your daily attention choices shape your life? __________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。联合国正面向全球青少年开展倡议征集活动。你的外国好友Jim打算参加，为此发来邮件，就倡议内容询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1. 提出的建议； 2. 建议的理由。 提示词：倡议 proposal 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 丰台区2024～2025学年度第二学期期末练习 高二英语 考生须知 1．答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、班级、姓名、教育ID号用黑色字迹签字笔填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的教育：ID号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好条形码。 2．本次练习所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各小题对应选项涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写，要求字体工整、字迹清楚。 3．请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在练习卷、草稿纸上答题无效。 4．本练习卷满分共100分，作答时长90分钟。 笔试（共三部分100分） 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5 分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 【1~10题答案】 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. D 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. D 9. A 10. D 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分。共15分） A 【11~13题答案】 【答案】11. called 12. how 13. at B 【14~16题答案】 【答案】14. it 15. flew 16. invention C 【17~20题答案】 【答案】17. have received 18. making 19. policies 20. them 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A 【21~24题答案】 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B B 【25~27题答案】 【答案】25. D 26. D 27. A C 【28~30题答案】 【答案】28. B 29. C 30. A D 【31~34题答案】 【答案】31. D 32. D 33. B 34. C 第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 【35~39题答案】 【答案】35. F 36. C 37. E 38. A 39. B 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 【40~43题答案】 【答案】40. They define our lives, shaping our relationships, knowledge, health, and happiness. 41. By asking his family what caught their attention on social media and sparking conversations. 42. 错误部分：saves our most precious resource理由：原文为“respects and enriches our most precious resource”，强调尊重与丰富而非拯救。 43. My daily attention choices determine what I engage with, which in turn affects my learning, social interactions and overall well-being. For example, focusing on reading enriches my knowledge. 第二节（20分） 【44题答案】 【答案】 Dear Jim, I’m glad to hear that you want to take part in the UN’s initiative for global teenagers. Here’s my advice. I suggest focusing on environmental protection. As we know, the environment is facing serious problems, which affect everyone’s life. If we can raise awareness about it and encourage more people to take action, it will make a big difference. Another idea is to promote cultural exchange. We live in a world where different cultures coexist. By sharing our cultures and learning from each other, we can build a more harmonious global community. I hope these suggestions help! Let me know if you need more ideas. Best wishes! Yours Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $