专题10 选词填空（期末真题汇编，北京专用）高二英语下学期

**基本信息** 高二下期末英语选词填空专题汇编，精选北京西城、朝阳、顺义、延庆四区期末真题，共28题，聚焦真实语境中词汇辨析与运用能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |选词填空|28题|动词（motivate/submit）、名词（talent/logic）、形容词（reliable）及固定短语（in an attempt to）|结合多区期末真题，通过具体情境（如Helen Keller学语言、环保骑行）考查词汇在语境中的准确运用，注重语言能力与思维品质的结合|

专题10 选词填空 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·北京西城·期末） benefit, treat, logic, impress, motivate 30. The ________ performance of the athlete left everyone amazed. 31. He is a bright student, but he just lacks the ________ to learn new things. 32. Many patients are not getting the medical ________ they need. 33. Cycling is highly ________ to health and the environment. 34. Programming requires ________ thinking to gradually break big problems into smaller steps. Passage 2 （24-25高二下·北京朝阳·期末） submit frequent propose strike reliable proceed to disturb get rid of be dedicated to in an attempt to 11. The team had to ________ the false data to ensure accurate results. 12. Before the deadline, students must ________ their final essays online. 13. The employees stayed up all night ________ finish the project on time. 14. Mary visited the café so ________ that the staff knew her order by heart. 15. Please lower your voice so you don’t ________ the other people in the library. 16. When problems arise, our group leader always ________ that we hold a meeting. 17. Jack’s head ________ the bottom when he dived into the children’s swimming pool. 18. After the story of my birth, grandpa ________ tell me of my family history last night. 19. People or things that are ________ can be trusted to work in the way that you want them to. 20. The organization ________ helping the elderly living alone, as part of its long-term mission is to serve the community. Passage 3 （24-25高二下·北京顺义·期末） grasp talent spot available appreciate rely on blame convince 36. Jason _______ the change from a millionaire to an ordinary man, and is pleased to give up the lifestyle of a rich man. 37. Finally, my friend _______ me to read the book called Secrets of Success. 38. Many scientists say we are now entering the Earth’s sixth mass extinction. This time, human activity will be to _______. 39. As early as primary school, Rowan Atkinson had already shown a _______ for acting. 40. In modern society, many people _______ smartphones to deal with various daily tasks, from communication to shopping. 41. Now that Helen Keller _______ the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could. 42. One disadvantage of media is that there is so much diverse information _______. 43. The police arrived on the _______ of the accident within minutes and began to deal with the situation. Passage 4 （24-25高二下·北京延庆·期末） be based on consist of in an attempt to a number of refer to 44. Sue took some paper and a pen into Johnsy’s room and began a pen drawing, ________ raise Johnsy’s spirits. 45. There had been ________ failures before they eventually found a way to successfully clone a monkey. 46. The brain ________ grey and white matter. 47 “Six degrees of Separation” ________ the theory that any person on Earth can be connected to any other person through a chain of no more than five other people. 48. Actually, my research ________ an earlier study of the lifestyle in Roseto. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题10 选词填空 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·北京西城·期末） benefit, treat, logic, impress, motivate 30. The ________ performance of the athlete left everyone amazed. 31. He is a bright student, but he just lacks the ________ to learn new things. 32. Many patients are not getting the medical ________ they need. 33. Cycling is highly ________ to health and the environment. 34. Programming requires ________ thinking to gradually break big problems into smaller steps. 【答案】 30. impressive 31. motivation 32. treatment##treatments 33. beneficial 34. logical 30. 考查形容词。句意：这位运动员令人印象深刻的表现让所有人惊叹。“impress”为动词，此处需用其形容词形式“impressive（令人印象深刻的）”作定语修饰名词“performance（表现）”符合句意，故填impressive。 31. 考查名词。句意：他是个聪明的学生，但就是缺乏学习新事物的动力。“motivate”是动词，这里需要其名词形式“motivation（动力）”作“lacks（缺乏）”的宾语，符合句意，故填motivation。 32. 考查名词。句意：许多病人没有得到他们所需的医疗救治。“treat”是动词，此处应使用名词“treatment（治疗，救治）”作宾语，单复数均可，符合句意，故填treatment(s)。 33. 考查形容词。句意：骑自行车对健康和环境非常有益。“benefit”常用作名词或动词，这里使用其形容词形式“beneficial（有益的）”，“be beneficial to”表示“对……有益”符合句意，故填beneficial。 34. 考查形容词。句意：编程需要逻辑思维，逐步将大问题分解为较小步骤。“logic”是名词，要用其形容词形式“logical（逻辑的）”作定语修饰名词“thinking（思维）”符合句意，故填logical。 Passage 2 （24-25高二下·北京朝阳·期末） submit frequent propose strike reliable proceed to disturb get rid of be dedicated to in an attempt to 11. The team had to ________ the false data to ensure accurate results. 12. Before the deadline, students must ________ their final essays online. 13. The employees stayed up all night ________ finish the project on time. 14. Mary visited the café so ________ that the staff knew her order by heart. 15. Please lower your voice so you don’t ________ the other people in the library. 16. When problems arise, our group leader always ________ that we hold a meeting. 17. Jack’s head ________ the bottom when he dived into the children’s swimming pool. 18. After the story of my birth, grandpa ________ tell me of my family history last night. 19. People or things that are ________ can be trusted to work in the way that you want them to. 20. The organization ________ helping the elderly living alone, as part of its long-term mission is to serve the community. 【答案】 11. get rid of 12. submit 13. in an attempt to 14. frequently 15. disturb 16. proposes 17. struck 18. proceeded to 19. reliable 20. is dedicated to 11. 考查固定短语、动词不定式。句意：团队必须摆脱虚假数据以确保结果的准确性。根据空后的“the false data to ensure accurate results”可知，空处应用get rid of，表示“摆脱，去除”，这里指去除虚假数据，位于情态动词had to后，动词用原形。故填get rid of。 12. 考查动词、情态动词。句意：在截止日期前，学生必须在线提交他们的期末论文。根据空后的“their final essays online”可知，空处应用submit，表示“提交”，这里指提交论文。位于情态动词must后，动词用原形。故填submit。 13. 考查固定短语。句意：员工们通宵工作，试图按时完成项目。根据空后的“finish the project on time”可知，空处应用in an attempt to，表示“试图，企图”，这里指员工们试图按时完成项目。故填in an attempt to。 14. 考查副词。句意：玛丽经常光顾这家咖啡馆，以至于店员们都把她点的菜背得烂熟于心。由“the staff knew her order by heart”可知，玛丽经常光顾这家咖啡馆，空格处意为“经常”，用副词frequently修饰动词visited，故填frequently。 15. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：请放低声音，以免打扰图书馆里的其他人。由“Please lower your voice so”可知，句子表示“请放低声音，以免打扰图书馆里的其他人”，空格处意为“打扰”，是disturb，由don’t可知，时态是一般现在时，空格处用原形，故填disturb。 16. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当问题出现时，我们组长总是建议我们开个会。由“we hold a meeting”可知，空格处意为“建议”，是propose，由always可知，时态是一般现在时，主语leader是第三人称单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故填proposes。 17. 考查时态。句意：杰克一头扎进孩子们的游泳池时，头撞到了水底。由“the bottom when he dived into the children’s swimming pool”可知，此处表示“头撞到了水底”，空格处意为“撞击”，是strike，由dived可知，时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式struck，故填struck。 18. 考查时态和固定短语。句意：昨晚，爷爷讲完我出生的故事，接着又给我讲了我的家族史。由“After the story of my birth”可知，此处表示“接着又给我讲了我的家族史”，空格处意为“接着做某事”，是固定短语proceed to do sth.，由last night可知，句子时态是一般过去时，proceed的过去式是proceeded，故填proceeded to。 19. 考查形容词。句意：可靠的人或事物可以被信任以你想要的方式工作。由“can be trusted to work in the way that you want them to”可知，句子表示“可靠的人或事物可以被信任以你想要的方式工作”，空格处意为“可靠的”，是形容词reliable，故填reliable。 20. 考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：该组织致力于帮助独居老人，服务社区是其长期使命的一部分。由“helping the elderly living alone”可知，空格处表示“致力于”，是固定短语be dedicated to，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语organization是单数，be动词用is。故填is dedicated to。 Passage 3 （24-25高二下·北京顺义·期末） grasp talent spot available appreciate rely on blame convince 36. Jason _______ the change from a millionaire to an ordinary man, and is pleased to give up the lifestyle of a rich man. 37. Finally, my friend _______ me to read the book called Secrets of Success. 38. Many scientists say we are now entering the Earth’s sixth mass extinction. This time, human activity will be to _______. 39. As early as primary school, Rowan Atkinson had already shown a _______ for acting. 40. In modern society, many people _______ smartphones to deal with various daily tasks, from communication to shopping. 41. Now that Helen Keller _______ the key to language, she was very eager to learn more and use it as much as she could. 42. One disadvantage of media is that there is so much diverse information _______. 43. The police arrived on the _______ of the accident within minutes and began to deal with the situation. 【答案】 36. appreciates 37. convinced 38. blame 39. talent 40 rely on 41. ①. grasped ②. had grasped 42. available 43. spot 36. 考查动词。句意：杰森很感激自己从百万富翁的身份转变为一个普通人的这一转变，并且很高兴能够放弃富人的那种生活方式。根据空后的“the change from a millionaire to an ordinary man”可知要选表示“感激”的appreciate。根据主语Jason和其后的时态and is，可知时态用一般现在时，主语是单个名词，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填appreciates。 37. 考查动词。句意：最后我的朋友说服我读了一本名为《成功秘诀》的书。根据空后的“ me to read the book”可知要选表示“说服”的convince。根据语境，应用一般过去时。故填convinced。 38. 考查固定短语。句意：许多科学家表示，我们如今正步入地球的第六次大规模物种灭绝时期。这一次人类的活动将该受责备。由于be to blame是固定搭配，表示“该受责备”。故填blame。 39. 考查名词。句意：早在小学时期，罗温·艾金森就已经展现出了出色的表演天赋。空在a和介词for之间，要用名词。根据句中的shown(展现)和acting(表演)可知，要选表示“才能”的talent。故填talent。 40. 考查动词短语。句意：在现代社会，许多人依靠智能手机来处理各种日常事务，从交流到购物无所不包。根据空后smartphones to deal with可知，只有rely on可构成rely on sth+动词不定式，表示“依靠某物做某事”。本句主语是复数名词many people，时态用一般现在时陈述事实，填动词原形即可。故填rely on。 41. 考查动词。句意：由于海伦·凯勒掌握了语言的关键知识，她就非常渴望继续学习更多相关内容，并尽可能多地运用这些知识。空在主语Helen Keller，要填动词，方框中的grasp表示“掌握”，符合句意。主句谓语用过去式was，now that引导的从句可以用过去时，也可以用过去完成时表示从句动作先发生。故填grasped或had grasped。 42. 考查形容词。句意：媒体的一个缺点在于，可用的信息种类繁多，数量庞大。所填词放在句末作后置定语，方框中的available是形容词，表示“可用的”，符合句意，可作后置定语。故填available。 43. 考查名词。句意：警方在几分钟内就赶到了事故现场，并开始处理相关事宜。所填词放在the和of之间，要填名词。方框中的spot是名词，表示“现场”，符合句意。故填spot。 Passage 4 （24-25高二下·北京延庆·期末） be based on consist of in an attempt to a number of refer to 44. Sue took some paper and a pen into Johnsy’s room and began a pen drawing, ________ raise Johnsy’s spirits. 45. There had been ________ failures before they eventually found a way to successfully clone a monkey. 46. The brain ________ grey and white matter. 47 “Six degrees of Separation” ________ the theory that any person on Earth can be connected to any other person through a chain of no more than five other people. 48. Actually, my research ________ an earlier study of the lifestyle in Roseto. 【答案】 44. in an attempt to 45 a number of 46. consists of 47. refers to 48. was based on##is based on 44. 考查介词短语。句意：Sue拿着纸笔走进Johnsy的房间开始钢笔画，试图提振她的精神。句子主干成分完整，空后为动词短语，结合“raise Johnsy’s spirits”可推知，介词短语in an attempt to“试图，为了”符合题意，表示“试图提振她的精神”。故填in an attempt to。 45. 考查固定短语。句意：在成功克隆猴子前，他们经历了多次失败。空处修饰failures，结合“before they eventually found a way to successfully clone a monkey”可推知，固定短语a number of“许多”符合题意，表示“经历了多次失败”。故填a number of。 46. 考查动词短语。句意：大脑由灰质和白质构成。空处作谓语，结合“grey and white matter”可推知，动词短语consist of“由……组成”符合题意，表示“由灰质和白质构成”，且句子陈述科学事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语The brain为单数，consist需用第三人称单数形式。故填consists of。 47. 考查动词短语。句意：“六度分隔”指的是地球上任何两人都能通过不超过五个中间人建立联系的理论。空处作谓语，结合“the theory”可推知，动词短语refer to“指代”符合题意，表示“指代这一理论”，且句子陈述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语是视为整体的单个专有名词，refer需用第三人称单数形式。故填refers to。 48. 考查动词短语。句意：事实上，我的研究基于早期对Roseto生活方式的一项调查。空处作谓语，结合“an earlier study”可推知，动词短语be based on“基于，以……为基础”符合题意，表示“基于一项调查”，句子可看作是描述过去发生的情况，用一般过去时，也可看作是就当前情况作说明，用一般现在时，主语my research为单数，be动词用was或is。故填was/is based on。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题10 选词填空 参考答案 Passage 1 （24-25高二下·北京西城·期末） 【答案】 30. impressive 31. motivation 32. treatment##treatments 33. beneficial 34. logical Passage 2 （24-25高二下·北京朝阳·期末） 【答案】 11. get rid of 12. submit 13. in an attempt to 14. frequently 15. disturb 16. proposes 17. struck 18. proceeded to 19. reliable 20. is dedicated to Passage 3 （24-25高二下·北京顺义·期末） 【答案】36. appreciates 37. convinced 38. blame 39. talent 40 rely on 41. ①. grasped ②. had grasped 42. available 43. spot Passage 4 （24-25高二下·北京延庆·期末） 【答案】 44. in an attempt to 45 a number of 46. consists of 47. refers to 48. was based on##is based on 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $