摘要:
**基本信息**
本练习以“基础巩固—情境应用—语篇综合”为分层逻辑,通过词汇拼写、情景表达及语篇理解题,系统强化Unit8核心语言知识,兼顾语言能力与思维品质培养。
**分层设计**
|层次|知识覆盖|设计特色|
|----|----------|----------|
|基础层|单词拼写(15题)、选词填空(16-19题)|聚焦单元核心词汇(如volunteer, devotion)及短语(make a difference),通过词性转换(volunteer→voluntary)夯实基础|
|巩固层|情景运用(24-27题)、单项选择(28-40题)|结合真实交际场景(表达职业理想、询问榜样影响),考查语法(冠词、时态)与功能句型,提升语言应用能力|
|提升层|完形填空(41-50题)、语法选择(51-60题)|以志愿者团队故事为语篇载体,综合考查上下文推理(如43题joy的情感推断)与语法(现在完成时、比较级),培养语篇思维与综合素养|
内容正文:
英语八年级下册unit8 Making a Difference
同步练习题(人教版)
一、单词拼写题:根据句意及所给提示,写出所缺单词的正确形式
1.What type ________ work do you do?
2.My aunt likes to hand ________ cookies she bakes to her neighbors on weekends.
3.Drinking honey tea can soothe (缓解) a sore t________.
4.________ interviewer asked me some difficult questions during the job interview.
5.She made a ________ (volunteer) donation to the charity last week.
6.A ________ (visit) came to our school this morning.
7.We should help the lovely dog find its ________(own).
8.The picture is __________ (值) over 30,000 pounds.
9.First of all we should make p______(初等的)education universal(普遍的).
10.He was not only kind but also such a ________ (绅士).
11.We find the _________ (miss) piece of the jigsaw (拼图) under the chair.
12.Many medical workers take an _________ (积极的) part in volunteering.
13.Tom’s father is a ________. He owns a big company. (成功的商人)
14.His _________ (奉献) to helping poor children get education won widespread praise.
15.She _________ (take) photos of the charity activity when the organizer invited her to share her feelings.
二、选词填空题:根据句意,选择恰当的单词或短语,并用其适当形式填入横线,每个词语限用一次
第一部分:
discouraged achieve make a difference give up role model put in effort
16.Don’t be even if you fail many times.
17.If we , we can surely our dreams.
18.My father is my who teaches me to to the world.
19.Never when you are chasing your goals.
第二部分:
20.If you put your heart into studying English, you will be in the future.
21.J. K. Rowling is a writer. Her book Harry Potter is a great .
22.Finally, the fireman saved the little girl under the house .
23.上周,琳达成功通过了英语考试。
Last week, Linda passing the English exam.
三、情景运用题:请根据所给提示词完成句子
24.你想表达你想成为一名发明家,怎么说?
______________________________
25.你想询问朋友他最敬佩的伟大人物是谁,怎么说?
________________________________________________________
26.你想询问朋友他的榜样如何激励他,怎么说?
______________________________
27.你想表达你想成为对社会有影响的人,怎么说?
__________________________________________________________
四、单项选择题:请从选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项
28.—Look! There are lots of clouds in the sky. It seems that it will rain.
—________ Let’s go home at once.
A.You’re right. B.It doesn’t matter.
C.That’s great. D.Well done.
29.—Look! There is ________ old man crossing the street.
—Let’s go and help ________ old man.
A.a; the B.an; the C.a; a D.an; an
30.When can you start ________ for the programme?
A.Volunteer B.volunteering C.to volunteering D.volunteered
31.—Although ants have tiny bodies, they can move heavy things together.
—That’s true. It’s the magic of ________.
A.pressure B.tradition C.teamwork D.adventure
32.—Where’s your mother?
—She ________ Shanghai on business for a week. She won’t come back until next week.
A.goes to B.has been in C.has been to D.will go to
33.—I am going to visit Mrs. Brown. Will you ________?
—She can’t be at home, because I saw her shopping in the supermarket just now.
A.come true B.come up with C.come out D.come along
34.I returned Kate’s lost mobile phone to her. She thanked me ________.
A.loudly B.wisely C.firstly D.warmly
35.—What activity did you _________for yesterday, Zhu Wei?
—I decided to volunteer on a farm with a medical organization.
A.set up B.get up C.sign up D.take back
36.He ________ to help the homeless people with his classmates since last year.
A.volunteers B.volunteered C.has volunteered D.will volunteer
37.The factory was ________ 10,000 yuan for polluting the air with harmful ________.
A.punished; fuels B.fined; chemicals
C.controlled; soils D.separated; resources
38.—Why do you want to join the charity project?
—Because I want to ________ people in need and bring them hope.
A.help B.hurt C.ignore D.trouble
39.Lots of tourists from the southern part of China ________ Harbin twice.
A.have been in B.have gone to
C.have been to D.have gone in
40.—How long have you ________ in the volunteer club?
—For about two years.
A.joined B.taken part in C.been D.come
五、完形填空题:阅读短文,结合上下文从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案
In 2012, Zheng Yuxiao, who was a student at Guizhou Normal University, set up a photography team together with his schoolmates. They have been to more than 80 villages in Guizhou to take pictures for 41 for free, recording the changes that have taken place over the years.
“Some elderly people and children had never had photos of 42 taken before. After they saw their pictures for the first time, their eyes were filled with 43 ,” said Zheng.
It has now been more than ten years and the team is still very 44 . To keep the project going, the team members once made money in their spare time by collecting and 45 used books and bottles.
In 2023, Zheng revisited Xinglongchang Village. He came across a villager who he had taken pictures of years ago and found that the village had 46 great changes. In one family photo, the villager and her two children were standing in front of their shabby (破旧的) house. “My new house was built six years ago. It is bright and 47 now,” the villager told Zheng. “At that time, my family was 48 . Now I can get 20,000 yuan to 30,000 yuan a year, and my husband can get more, which is enough to 49 the family.”
At that moment, Zheng realized that the 50 he took not only recorded many happy moments, but also showed the changes that these villages have been through. He hopes that the project can continue for a long time.
41.A.directors B.teachers C.classmates D.villagers
42.A.ourselves B.himself C.themselves D.herself
43.A.joy B.sadness C.confidence D.fear
44.A.weak B.active C.talented D.tired
45.A.studying B.burning C.selling D.valuing
46.A.gone through B.fallen behind
C.laid out D.searched for
47.A.narrow B.comfortable C.dirty D.empty
48.A.busy B.warm C.happy D.poor
49.A.praise B.miss C.support D.accept
50.A.pictures B.trips C.notes D.breaks
六、语法选择题:阅读短文,根据上下文和语法知识,从各题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出一个最佳答案
Last month, our class decided to set up a volunteer team to help the elderly. We 51 a name—Warm Heart. At first, we didn’t know how to divide tasks, 52 we made a big mistake. Some of us did the same work, while others had nothing to do.
53 , our teacher gave us good advice. She told us to discuss and 54 each person’s role. Lily is good 55 talking, so her role is to visit the elderly and chat with them. Jack is strong, so he 56 carry heavy things for them. Now our team is getting 57 and more efficient (有效的).
Last weekend, we went to the community center. We helped clean the rooms and put on a small show for the elderly. 58 were happy and clapped loudly for us. We also learned that a great team needs good communication and mutual (相互的) support.
With Warm Heart, we all get 59 sense of achievement every time we help others. We know that being part of a 60 is not just about working together, but also about learning to help each other. We will keep improving our team and make it our best memory in junior high school.
51.A.choose B.chose C.have chosen D.will choose
52.A.but B.so C.because D.if
53.A.Sudden B.Suddenly C.Luckily D.Lucky
54.A.decide B.to decide C.play D.to play
55.A.for B.in C.with D.at
56.A.can B.can’t C.shouldn’t D.should
57.A.strong B.stronger C.strongest D.the strongest
58.A.We B.we C.they D.They
59.A.a B.an C.the D./
60.A.game B.games C.team D.teams
英语八年级下册unit8 Making a Difference
同步练习题参考答案
一、单词拼写题:
1.of
【详解】句意:你做的是哪种类型的工作?“what type of...”是固定搭配,意为“……的哪种类型”,用来修饰名词“work”,故填of。
2.out
【详解】句意:我阿姨喜欢在周末把她烘焙的饼干分发给邻居们。hand out意为 “分发、发放”,符合“把烘焙好的饼干分给邻居”的语境。故填out。
3.throat/hroat
【详解】句意:喝蜂蜜茶可以缓解嗓子疼痛。根据Drinking honey tea can soothe (缓解) a sore ...和首字母提示可知,空处指嗓子,英文表达为throat。故填throat。
4.An
【详解】句意:在工作面试中,一个面试官问了我一些很难的问题。根据interviewer可知,此处泛指“一个面试官”,且interviewer以元音音素开头。故填An。
5.voluntary
【详解】句意:她上周向慈善机构进行了一次自愿捐赠。Volunteer“志愿者”名词,根据She made a ... donation和提示词可知,此处需用其形容词形式voluntary修饰名词donation,符合语境。故填voluntary。
6.visitor
【详解】句意:今天上午一位访客来到了我们学校。Visit“参观”,根据A ... came to our school可知,此处应指一位访客来到了学校,需用其名词形式visitor“访客”,不定冠词a后用可数名词单数。故填visitor。
7.owner
【详解】句意:我们应该帮助这只可爱的狗找到它的主人。根据We should help the lovely dog find its 可知,帮助狗找到主人,owner“主人”,此空应填单数形式,故填owner。
8.worth
【详解】句意:这幅画值超过30000英镑。worth“值……钱的”,形容词,作表语。故填worth。
9.(p)rimary
【详解】句意:首先,我们应该普及初等教育。根据汉语提示“初等的”可知,其对应的英文表达是primary,形容词作定语。故填(p)rimary。
10.gentleman
【详解】句意:他不仅善良,而且是一位绅士。a后加可数名词单数gentleman“绅士”。故填gentleman。
11.missing
【详解】 句意:我们在椅子下面找到了丢失的拼图块。根据题干可知,此处需要用形容词修饰名词piece。missing是形容词,意为“丢失的”,符合语境。故填missing。
12.active
【详解】句意:许多医务工作者积极参与志愿工作。根据汉语提示可知,这里修饰名词part,用形容词active,作定语,故填active。
13.successful trader
【详解】句意:汤姆的父亲是一位成功的商人。他拥有一家大公司。Successful“成功的”,trader“商人”,根据a可知,名词用单数形式,故填successful trader。
14.devotion
【详解】句意:他为帮助贫困儿童获得教育所做的奉献赢得了广泛的赞誉。根据汉语提示可知,devotion“奉献”,名词作主语。故填devotion。
15.was taking
【详解】句意:当组织者邀请她分享感受时,她正在为慈善活动拍照。take“拍摄”,为动词,由when the organizer invited her可知,invited是过去的动作,而“拍照”是当时正在进行的动作,时态用过去进行时,结构为was/were+现在分词,主语She为第三人称单数,be动词用was,take的现在分词是taking。故填was taking。
二、选词填空题:
第一部分:
16.discouraged 17.put in effort achieve 18.role model make a difference 19.give up
【解析】16.句意:即使你失败很多次,也不要气馁。根据even if you fail many times以及备选词汇discouraged,此处需要一个形容词作表语,描述人的状态,故填discouraged。
17.句意:如果我们努力,我们一定能实现我们的梦想。根据we can surely...our dreams以及备选词汇“put in effort”,“achieve”,“if”引导的从句需一般现在时,主语“we”是复数,所以“put in effort”符合,“put”用原形;第二空achieve our dreams,“can”后接动词原形,故填put in effort;achieve。
18.句意:我的父亲是我的榜样,他教会我要对世界产生影响。根据My father is my...以及备选词汇“role model”,“make a difference”,“teach sb. to do sth.”,第一空“role model”符合,“my”后接名词;第二空make a difference to the world,to后接动词原形,故填role model;make a difference。
19.句意:当你追逐你的目标时,永远不要放弃。根据when you are chasing your goals以及备选词汇“give up”,“Never”后接动词原形,构成祈使句,故填give up。
第二部分:
20.successful 21.successful success 22.successfully 23.succeeded in
【解析】20.句意:如果你全身心投入英语学习,未来一定会取得成功。根据If you put your heart into studying English, you will be ... in the future.以及备选词可知,此处表达“成功的”,放于be之后用其形容词successful,作表语。故填successful。
21.句意:J. K. 罗琳是一位成功的作家,她的作品《哈利·波特》取得了巨大的成功。根据J. K. Rowling is a ... writer. Her book Harry Potter is a great ...以及备选词可知,第一空表达“成功的作家”,所以用其形容词successful成功的,来修饰writer;第二空表达“巨大的成功”,放于great之后用其名词success成功。故填successful;success。
22.句意:终于,消防员成功地救出了房子下面的小女孩。根据Finally, the fireman saved the little girl under the house ...以及备选词可知,此处表达“成功地救出”,修饰动词saved,所以要用其副词successfully成功地。故填successfully。
23.句意:上周,琳达成功通过了英语考试。根据Last week, Linda ... passing the English exam.以及备选词可知,此处表达“成功通过”,作谓语动词,所以要用其succeed,用于固定搭配:succeed in doing sth.“成功做某事”,此句时态为一般过去时,所以succeed要用succeeded。故填succeeded in。
三、情景运用题:
24.I want to be an inventor when I grow up.
【详解】此处可表达为“我长大后想成为一名发明家”。I“我”,作主语;want to be“想成为”,作谓语;an inventor“一名发明家”,作表语;when I grow up“当我长大”,作时间状语。
25.Who is the great person you admire most?
【详解】根据情景“询问朋友他最敬佩的伟大人物是谁”可知,本句应为一个由who引导的特殊疑问句;“伟大人物是谁”对应的英文是“Who is the great person”;“你最敬佩的”用来修饰“伟大人物”,可以用定语从句“you admire most”来表达。
26.How does your role model inspire you?
【详解】此句问句是询问对方“他的榜样如何激励自己”,“榜样”常见表达为“role model”,“如何”用“how”,“激励”是“inspire”,“你的”为“your”,“你”是“you”。按照英文的表达习惯,将这些词组合起来就是“How does your role model inspire you?” ,此句符合英语语法规则,也准确传达了中文的意思。
27.I want to be someone who makes a difference to society.
【详解】“你想表达你想成为对社会有影响的人”可以说 I want to be someone who makes a difference to society。其中“想成为”用want to be 表达;“对……有影响”用固定短语 make a difference to;“社会”对应 society;who 引导定语从句,修饰先行词someone。
四、单项选择题:
28.A
【详解】句意:——看!天空中有很多云。看来要下雨了。 ——你说得对。我们马上回家吧。
考查情景交际用语。 You’re right.你说得对;It doesn’t matter.没关系;That’s great.太棒了;Well done.做得好。 根据答句Let’s go home at once.(我们马上回家吧),可知说话人同意对方“要下雨了”的判断,因此You’re right.符合语境。故选A。
29.B
【详解】句意:——看!有一位老人正在过马路。——我们去帮助那位老人吧。
考查冠词用法。a不定冠词,表泛指,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词,表泛指,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词,表特指。第一个空,根据There is...old man crossing the street.可知,此处表示泛指一个老人,且old是以元音音素开头的单词,因此用不定冠词“an”;第二个空,根据上文语境可知,此处特指上文提到的过马路的那个老人,因此用定冠词“the”。故选B。
30.B
【详解】句意:你什么时候开始为这个项目做志愿工作?
固定搭配start doing sth.开始做某事,用volunteer的动名词形式volunteering。
31.C
【详解】句意:——尽管蚂蚁身体微小,但它们能一起搬运重物。——确实如此。这就是团队合作的魔力。
考查名词辨析。pressure压力;tradition传统;teamwork团队合作;adventure冒险。根据前句they can move heavy things together可知,这里强调的是“合作”的力量。故选C。
32.B
【详解】句意:——你妈妈在哪里?——她在上海出差已经一个星期了。她直到下周才会回来。
根据for a week可知,该句应用现在完成时,排除选项A和D;has been to表示去过某地已回,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用;has been in表示待在某地的状态,具有延续性,可与时间段连用。故选B。
33.D
【详解】句意:——我打算去拜访布朗夫人。你愿意一起去吗?——她不可能在家,因为我刚才看见她在超市购物。
考查动词短语辨析。come true实现;come up with想出;come out出版、出现;come along跟随、一起来。根据语境可知,此处是在邀请对方一起去拜访布朗夫人,所以应该用come along。故选D。
34.D
【详解】句意:我把凯特丢失的手机还给了她。她热情地感谢了我。
loudly大声地;wisely明智地;firstly首先;warmly热情地。根据I returned Kate’s lost mobile phone to her.可知,归还失物后,对方应该是感激地感谢,warmly符合语境。
35.C
【详解】句意:——朱伟,你昨天报名了什么活动?——我决定和一个医疗组织一起去农场做志愿者。
set up建立;get up起床;sign up报名;take back拿回。考查动词短语辨析,根据答语“决定去农场做志愿者”可知,此处指报名参加活动,sign up 符合语境。
36.C
【详解】句意:自从去年以来,他一直和同学们一起志愿帮助无家可归的人。
根据时间状语since last year可知,动作从过去持续到现在,应用现在完成时。
37.B
【详解】句意:这家工厂因排放有害化学物质污染空气被罚款10,000元。
考查动词和名词辨析。punished受惩罚,fuels燃料;fined被罚款,chemicals化学物质;controlled受控的, soils土壤;separated分开的, resources资源。根据for polluting the air可知,工厂污染空气应被罚款,且“有害的”通常修饰“化学物质”更合理。故选B。
38.A
【详解】句意:——你为什么想加入这个慈善项目?——因为我想帮助有需要的人,并给他们带来希望。
考查动词辨析。help帮助;hurt伤害;ignore忽视;trouble麻烦。根据I want to…people in need and bring them hope以及选项可知,此处指帮助有需要的人,应用help。故选A。
39.C
【详解】句意:许多来自中国南方的游客已经去过哈尔滨两次了。
考查现在完成时中have been to与have gone to的辨析。have been in待在(某地);have gone to去了(某地,未回);have been to去过(某地,已回);have gone in搭配错误。根据句意Lots of tourists from the southern part of China...Harbin twice.可知,表示“去过某地并已返回”应用have been to,且twice表示经历。故选C。
40.C
【详解】句意:——你在志愿者俱乐部待了多久了?——大约两年了。
考查延续性动词的用法。joined加入,短暂性动词;taken part in参加,短暂性动词短语;been在,延续性动词;come短暂性动词。问句由How long引导,询问时间段,需用延续性动词。Join、take part in和come都属于短暂性动作,不能与时间段连用;be表示状态,可以延续。故选C。
五、完形填空题:
41.D 42.C 43.A 44.B 45.C 46.A 47.B 48.D 49.C 50.A
【导语】本文讲述了郑宇啸和他的摄影团队深入贵州乡村,为村民免费拍照记录生活变迁的故事,展现了十年间乡村的发展与照片背后的温暖意义。
【详解】41.句意:他们去过贵州80多个村庄,免费为村民拍照,记录这些年来发生的变化。
根据上下文,团队去乡村服务,拍照的对象是村民,villagers“村民”符合语境。
42.句意:一些老人和孩子以前从未拍过自己的照片。
此处指代Some elderly people and children,表示“他们自己”,应用反身代词themselves。ourselves的主语必须是“we”,himself/herself只能对应单数主语,均无法与复数主语匹配。
43.句意:当他们第一次看到自己的照片时,他们的眼里充满了喜悦。
上文讲到老人和孩子们以前从未拍过自己的照片,所以推断第一次看到自己的照片,人们会感到开心,joy“喜悦”符合语境。
44.句意:十多年过去了,这个团队仍然非常活跃。
根据后文To keep the project going可知,团队一直坚持项目,active“活跃的”符合语境。
45.句意:为了让项目继续下去,团队成员曾经在业余时间通过收集和出售旧书和瓶子来赚钱。
收集旧书和瓶子的目的是赚钱,selling“出售”符合语境,与“赚钱”的逻辑相符。
46.句意:他遇到了多年前拍过照的一位村民,发现这个村庄经历了巨大的变化。
根据上下文,村庄经历了变化,gone through“经历”符合语境。
47.句意:“我的新房子是六年前建的,现在又明亮又舒适。”村民告诉郑。
与破旧的旧房子相比,新房子是明亮且舒适的,comfortable“舒适的”符合语境,与“bright”并列描述的正面特征相符。
48.句意:那时候,我的家庭很贫穷。
根据后文Now I can get 20,000 yuan to 30,000 yuan a year的对比,过去的家庭状况是poor“贫穷的”。
49.句意:现在我一年能挣2万到3万元,我丈夫挣得更多,足够养家了。
根据语境,收入足够支撑家庭生活,support“养活/支撑”符合语境。
50.句意:在那一刻,郑意识到他拍的照片不仅记录了许多快乐的时刻,也展示了这些村庄所经历的变化。
全文围绕“摄影团队拍照”展开,pictures“照片”符合语境。
六、语法选择题:
51.B 52.B 53.C 54.A 55.D 56.A 57.B 58.D 59.A 60.C
【导语】本文讲述班级成立“暖心”志愿者团队帮助老人的经历:从分工混乱到在老师指导下明确职责,团队逐渐高效,最终体会到团队协作与互助的意义。
51.句意:我们选了一个名字——暖心。
结合Last month(上个月)的过去时间,用一般过去时,chose(choose的过去式)符合时态;choose(原形)、have chosen(现在完成时)、will choose(一般将来时)均不符合。
52.句意:一开始,我们不知道如何分工,所以犯了一个大错误。
前半句“不知道分工”是后半句“犯错”的原因,so(所以)表因果关系;but(但是)、because(因为)、if(如果)均不符合逻辑。
53.句意:幸运的是,我们的老师给了很好的建议。
结合“老师给出建议解决问题”,是“幸运地”,Luckily(副词,修饰整个句子)符合语境;Sudden(形容词)、Suddenly(突然地)、Lucky(形容词)均不符合用法。
54.句意:她告诉我们讨论并确定每个人的角色。
“discuss and + 动词原形”并列,decide(确定)符合“明确角色”的语义;to decide(不定式)、play(玩耍)、to play均不符合搭配。
55.句意:莉莉擅长交谈,所以她的任务是看望老人并和他们聊天。
“be good at”是固定短语,意为“擅长”,at符合搭配;for、in、with均不符合短语结构。
56.句意:杰克很强壮,所以他能帮他们搬重物。
结合“强壮”的特点,是“能”搬重物,can符合能力描述;can’t(不能)、shouldn’t(不应该)、should(应该)均不符合语义。
57.句意:现在我们的团队变得越来越强大、越来越高效。
“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”,stronger(更强壮的)符合结构;strong(原级)、strongest(最高级)、the strongest(最高级)均不符合。
58.句意:他们很开心,为我们大声鼓掌。
此处指代前文的the elderly(老人),用They(主格,句首大写);We(我们)、we(小写)、they(小写)均不符合指代/格式要求。
59.句意:有了“暖心”团队,每次帮助别人时我们都有一种成就感。
“a sense of...”是固定短语,意为“一种……的感觉”,a符合搭配;an(用于元音音素开头)、the(定冠词)、/(零冠词)均不符合。
60.句意:我们知道,成为一个团队的一员不仅是关于合作,也是关于学会互相帮助。
结合全文“志愿者团队”的主题,是“团队”的一员,team符合语境;game(游戏)、games(复数)、teams(复数)均不符合语义。
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