5月第三次月考Units 5-6 单元话题练（语法填空+阅读+完形+选词填空+写作）-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元练习（人教版）

**基本信息** 本单元卷为初中英语5月第三次月考话题组合练，涵盖短文填空、完形填空、阅读理解、选词填空及书面表达，聚焦文化传承与社会热点，适配单元复习，强化语言能力与跨文化意识。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |短文填空|4篇|动词时态、代词、名词复数等|融入中国帽子文化、Tilly海啸救人等素材，结合传统文化与真实事件，培养文化意识| |完形填空|2篇|上下文理解、词汇辨析|以暴风雨经历、礼貌用语为情境，贴近生活，提升语言运用能力| |阅读理解|4篇|细节理解、词义猜测|涉及英国餐桌礼仪、中国拱手礼、重庆山火救援，跨文化对比与社会热点结合，强化思维品质| |选词填空|3篇|词汇运用、语法填空|围绕地震安全、各国习俗，融合安全知识与文化差异，提升学习能力| |书面表达|4题|应用文写作、话题表达|含跨文化经历、习俗比较等题，情境真实，培养语言表达与跨文化沟通能力|

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 5月第三次月考 单元话题热点题型组合练 一、短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 Hats have a long history in China, dating back thousands of years. In ancient times, people first wore hats to protect 1 (them) from the sun, wind and rain. These early hats were very simple, made of grass, animal skins or 2 (leaf). As time went by, hats 3 (become) more than just daily items. They turned into important symbols 4 social position, especially in feudal (封建的) society. Officials and nobles wore hats with different shapes and decorations 5 (show) their ranks (等级). For example, the mian guan, a special hat for ancient emperors, was very beautiful and showed the 6 (high) power. Common people usually wore simple cloth hats or straw hats. In different dynasties, hat styles changed 7 (great). Some were tall and straight, 8 others were soft and round. Many traditional Chinese hats, such as futou and bamboo hats, are still well-known today. Nowadays, Chinese hats mix traditional culture with modern fashion. They not only protect us 9 also carry rich 10 (culture) meanings. Wearing these hats helps us pass on China’s long history and traditions to the younger people. As an old saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” I learned the meaning of this when I studied in Russia. One day I 1 (invite) some of my Chinese friends to a famous local restaurant in Moscow. My guests and I were excited about 2 (visit) Red Square and happy about our meeting. We had a warm chat until the waiter told me that we were being too loud. We turned our voices 3 . But this didn’t last long. The waiter came over to us two more times with 4 same message. How bad an 5 (impress) we left on the local people! In China, it’s common and important for a host 6 (make) a lively atmosphere. 7 , in Russia and Western countries, having a meal in a public place 8 (mean) you must keep quiet. You need to be polite to others. I felt bad about this. Even though we tried 9 (we) best, it was very difficult to develop a new habit. Finding the balance between 10 (culture) is much fun. I’d like to keep my eyes and mind open. It was a quiet night. Most people in the town were sleeping when a strong earthquake (地震) 1 (sudden) hit. The ground shook hard, and many 2 (house) fell down. People ran out of their homes, shouting and crying. When the earthquake stopped, rescue (救援) teams from all over the country hurried to the town. At 6 a.m., soldiers (士兵) 3 (look) for people under the buildings. “We 4 (find) ten people alive (活的) since we arrived,” one soldier told the reporter. At the same time, volunteers there were cleaning up the street, handing 5 the food and putting up tents for the homeless. A young nurse named Lucy worked 6 (hard) than anyone else. She said, “I hope 7 (help) as many people as possible.” In a school in the town, teachers were teaching children some safety skills. “Cover your head with your arms and hide under 8 desk during an earthquake,” Mr. Liu said. “And always remember to protect 9 (you) first.” After three days, most people were safe. “This is the most successful rescue I’ve ever seen,” said a reporter. People from different places worked together, sharing food, water, and love. 10 the earthquake broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors closer together. 根据内容填写所缺单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空，使语篇意思完整，每空一词。 On 26 December 2004, 10-year-old Tilly Smith was on holiday in Phuket with her family. While 1 (walk) on the beach, she noticed strange waves coming in instead of going out. She quickly realized a tsunami was 2 (come), as her geography teacher had taught her about underwater 3 (earthquake) causing such waves. At first, her family didn’t believe her, 4 Tilly refused to move further. Her mother stayed on the beach, while 5 rest of the family returned to the hotel. Tilly’s father told a security guard about the 6 (dangerous), and he cleared the beach at once. The tsunami hit soon, but everyone there 7 (survive). The 2004 tsunami killed over 200,000 people, but no one on that beach died. Thanks 8 Tilly’s knowledge and quick thinking, over 100 lives were saved. This story shows that even a small lesson can make the 9 (big) difference. Although Tilly was the youngest person on the beach, she stayed calmer and acted more quickly than most adults. Not only did she save her own family, but she also helped many 10 (strange). 二、完形填空 Have you ever experienced anything really terrible that made you have scary dreams at night? One of the 1 experiences of mine was going through a storm. One morning when I was eight years old, the news on TV 2 that there was a storm that might soon move into our town. But my parents and I were not going to leave our house because we thought the 3 wouldn’t be too serious. Around 8:00 p.m., the wind 4 to blow. We could see the leaves 5 everywhere. About an hour later, it started to rain 6 . The branches (树枝) of the trees started to break off. I felt the wind pushing me back 7 I opened the door. At about 10:00 p.m., I tried to 8 but the wind kept making noises. Suddenly, my parents and I heard a 9 noise and knew that something bad happened. The storm broke a 10 into pieces and started to come in. After seeing this, we were so shocked that we couldn’t say a word. We kept 11 for a while and decided to do something. I got some rubbish bags to cover the TV and computer in our house. My parents pushed an old bed to block the window, but the wind kept blowing it down. So they found 12 to prop up (支撑) the bed. Luckily, the storm didn’t become worse again. The storm lasted 13 12 hours and stopped the next morning. When we went out, we saw the 14 trees everywhere. This storm experience made us 15 that storms are very dangerous. We should take them seriously and make full preparations before they come. 1．A．longest B．busiest C．happiest D．worst 2．A．pointed B．remembered C．reported D．shared 3．A．snow B．storm C．sunshine D．thunder 4．A．began B．meant C．continued D．planned 5．A．losing B．watering C．feeding D．flying 6．A．slowly B．hardly C．heavily D．lightly 7．A．now that B．as soon as C．even if D．so that 8．A．fall asleep B．wake up C．come back D．sit down 9．A．usual B．loud C．soft D．clear 10．A．table B．chair C．door D．window 11．A．brave B．shocked C．still D．safe 12．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 13．A．in B．on C．for D．at 14．A．strong B．fallen C．fresh D．sick 15．A．realize B．wonder C．change D．imagine “Thank you” is widely used in a modern society. It is 1 very good manner. You should say “Thank you” 2 others help you or say something kind to you. For example, when someone passes the salt on the table to you, when someone 3 ahead of you opens the door for you, when someone says you have done your work well, when someone says you have bought a 4 thing, or your city is very beautiful, you should say “Thank you”. “Thank you” is 5 not only between friends, but also between parents and children, brothers and sisters, husbands and wives. “Excuse me” is 6 short polite phrase. We use it as widely as “Thank you”. When you hear someone 7 so behind you, you’ve got to know that somebody 8 to walk past you without touching you. If you want to have 9 with one of them when they are talking, please say “Excuse me” first, and then begin to talk. You should 10 do so when you want to cough or make any unpleasant noise before others. Let’s say “Thank you” and “Excuse me” on the right occasions. 1．A．the B．不填 C．a 2．A．however B．whatever C．whenever 3．A．walks B．passes C．walking 4．A．plastic B．nice C．gray 5．A．used B．to use C．using 6．A．the other B．another C．other 7．A．to say B．say C．said 8．A．wanted B．will want C．wants 9．A．a dinner B．a word C．a play 10．A．also B．as well C．either 三、阅读理解 Different countries have different ideas about manners—how you behave when you are eating. In England, table manners are important. Good table manners in England are as follows: How to sit: You should sit up straight in your chair. It is not a good idea to lean forwards or backwards. When you eat, you should not lean towards the plate, but bring the knife, fork or spoon towards you. At the same time, do not put your elbows on the table, nor reach over someone’s plate for something. Using your fingers: English people normally don’t pick food up with their fingers when they are eating main courses. If you are not sure, the safest is to use your knife or fork. There are, however, some foods that are usually eaten with fingers. They include pizza, sandwiches, burgers, crisps and fruits. Your mouth: It is not polite to talk with your mouth full of food, or to eat with your mouth open. And if possible, do not make any noises. Never lick (舔) your plate after eating. How much to eat: It is polite to eat food that you have been offered, so a clear plate is a good plate. It shows that you enjoyed the food. If you can’t finish everything and you need to leave a little, that’s also okay. You could say something like “That was very nice, thank you, but I’m just too full to eat another bite.” 1．What does the underlined word “lean” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese? A．欣赏 B．张贴 C．租借 D．倾斜 2．Which of the following is considered good table manners in England? A．Eating an orange with fingers. B．Licking your plate after eating. C．Reaching over someone’s plate for something. D．Talking with your mouth full of food. 3．What can we infer (推断) according to the passage? A．Saying sorry means we are full. B．It’s polite to make noises when eating. C．Eating with the mouth closed is good manners. D．We mustn’t leave anything on the plate at any time. For centuries, China has been known as “a state of ceremony”, which means Liyi Zhibang. There was much greeting etiquette in ancient China. And the fist-and-palm salute (拱手礼) was quite a classic example. Today, although Chinese people usually shake hands when meeting friends and relatives, people still make fist-and-palm salutes when they are paying a visit to someone during the Spring Festival or attending someone’s wedding or birthday party. The fist-and-palm salute has a history of more than 3,000 years. Since the Western Zhou Dynasty, people had already performed it when meeting peers (同辈). In ancient times, if people met a stranger, they would prepare for a fight if necessary, and their hands were always ready for holding any weapon (武器). Holding hands together pointed towards themselves was a gesture of saying “relax”, meaning “I’m not with any weapon and I’m not here to pick a fight”. Later, it became the etiquette when people met each other or showed thanks. So, how should people do the fist-and-palm salute properly? First, stand at attention. If you’re a man, make a fist (拳) with your right hand, then hold the right hand with your left hand in front of your chest, look at the person, raise both hands to the eyebrows (眉毛), bend down and shake hands gently three times. At the same time, you can also say some lucky greeting words. If you’re a woman, you should do it the other way which should be the right hand on the top. People may be more familiar with the hold-fist salute, called bao quan li in Chinese. It is widely used among the kung fu masters and students. This gesture is formed by holding the right fist first very tightly closed and covering it with the left hand open, and extending both arms a little forward in front of the chest. Make sure the left thumb (拇指) is close to the index finger (食指) and don’t point it at yourself, as it shows impoliteness. 1．What does the underlined word “etiquette” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Need. B．Manners. C．Dances. D．Groups. 2．Which picture shows the CORRECT way for women to do the fist-and-palm salute? A．B．C． D． 3．If Mike wants to do the hold-fist salute, he should ______. A．keep his right hand open B．put his right hand on his left hand C．not point his left thumb at himself D．not hold out his arms 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．There are no standards for these two salutes. B．The fist-and-palm salute is more common in kung fu. C．Now, people celebrate one’s birthday with the hold-fist salute. D．These two salutes seem similar, but they are quite different. Wildfires are one of the most terrible natural disasters in the world. They burn large areas of forests, destroy houses and farmland, and put people’s lives in serious danger. When a big wildfire breaks out, many brave people always stand up to fight against it without hesitation. In August 2022, a huge wildfire broke out in the mountain area of Chongqing. The fire spread fast because of the strong wind and dry weather. Thousands of professional firefighters, forest rangers and volunteers from all over the country joined in the fight at once. Young delivery riders played an important role. They drove their motorcycles on dangerous mountain roads day and night, carrying water, food, medicine and other supplies to the front line. Workers and local villagers cut down trees in time to make firebreaks, which stopped the fire from spreading further. Doctors and nurses set up simple medical points at the foot of the mountain to help tired and hurt firefighters. Firefighters worked for days without enough sleep or rest. They fought against the big fire bravely in high temperature and thick smoke. With the hard work and teamwork of all people, the big wildfire was finally put out successfully after several days of hard fighting. Natural disasters are really scary, but love and teamwork can beat any difficulty. We should learn from these brave fighters and try our best to protect our beautiful home. 1．What does the underlined word “destroy” mean? A．建造 B．摧毁 C．打扫 D．装饰 2．What did the young riders do during the wildfire? A．Put out the fire B．Treated sick people C．Sent supplies up the mountain D．Made firebreaks 3．Who helped hurt firefighters? A．Volunteers B．Workers C．Firefighters D．Doctors and nurses 4．What beat the wildfire finally? A．Heavy rain B．Teamwork and hard work C．Strong wind D．New technology 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．How to Prevent Wildfires B．Brave People Fighting Wildfires C．The Danger of All Natural Disasters D．How to Stay Safe in Wildfires Dear Li Hua, How’s everything going? I’m now studying in Canada and I’m having a great time here. I’ve experienced many interesting cultural differences. One thing is about table manners. Here, people usually use knives and forks to eat. When we have dinner together, we don’t start eating until everyone is served. Also, we say “bless you” when someone sneezes. It’s a polite way here. Another thing is about festivals. Last week, I celebrated Thanksgiving with my host family. We had a big dinner and gave thanks for what we have. It was really warm and meaningful. I’ve also tried to communicate with local people. At first, I was afraid of making mistakes, but they were very patient and friendly. Now, I feel much more confident. I’m looking forward to sharing more with you when I come back. Yours, Wang Ming 1．Where is Wang Ming now? A．In China. B．In Canada. C．In America. D．In Australia. 2．What do people usually use to eat in Canada according to the letter? A．Chopsticks. B．Spoons. C．Knives and forks. D．Hands. 3．What festival did Wang Ming celebrate last week? A．Christmas. B．Thanksgiving. C．Halloween. D．New Year. 4．How did Wang Ming feel at first when communicating with local people? A．Afraid. B．Confident. C．Excited. D．Bored. 5．What’s the main purpose of this letter? A．To complain about the life in Canada. B．To ask Li Hua for help. C．To invite Li Hua to Canada. D．To tell Li Hua about his cultural experiences in Canada. 四、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整，每空限填一次，每词限用一次。 prepare  luck    happen  a   be   to   expect  easy  thing    important Earthquakes happen all the time around the world. Sometimes they are just too small for people 1 feel. But when a serious earthquake 2 , it can be very sudden and dangerous. 3 , here are some safety tips for you to follow. To begin with, you must know where to hide. If you are indoors,hide under a strong desk and hang on to its legs. Or you can sit in the corner of the walls. If you are outdoors, find 4 open area and stay away from trees and power lines. In this way, you can keep off danger more 5 .Besides,always prepare an emergency kit at home. In the kit, you should keep enough food and water, a flashlight, a knife, a strong rope, and other useful 6 . Being prepared may help save your life. Most 7 ,as students, you need to take part in the safety training at school.It can help you put your knowledge into practice. For example, when the strong shaking stops, you should not move around right away. Sometimes,there will 8 some aftershocks, and they can be quite dangerous,too. No one 9 to experience an earthquake, but no one knows whether they will have the bad luck. So, to increase our chance of surviving the natural disaster, we must always be 10 . 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词限用一次(有两个多余)。 storm, safe, strong, report, stay, wind, cloud, sun, danger, arrive, wet, warm Yesterday was a terrible day. The weather 1 said that a heavy 2 was coming in the afternoon. But I didn’t listen to it and went out to play football with my friends. Soon, the sky turned dark and 3 . A strong 4 started to blow. We decided to go home quickly, but it was too late. The rain began to pour down, and we got completely 5 . On the way home, we saw a tree fall down because of the 6 wind. We were scared and ran as fast as we could. When we 7 home, our parents were waiting for us. They told us it was 8 to go out in such bad weather. After taking a hot shower, I felt 9 again. My mum said, “You must remember to check the weather report before going out. It can keep you 10 .” I nodded. I will never forget this experience. 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 in avoid while make cover fork usual kiss respect private Every country has its own special customs and manners. In Japan, people usually bow to greet each other. A small bow might mean a simple hello, 1 a deep and long bow shows more respect. When you enter a Japanese house or some 2 places, you have to take off your shoes. In France, friends often greet with a 3 on the cheek. French people also pay much attention to table manners. For example, people should use the knives and 4 in the right order. In Saudi Arabia, people have to dress properly. Men usually wear long traditional robes. Women need to 5 their bodies and heads when they are in public. Their greetings are 6 more formal and sometimes include special words. In India, it is very important to 7 old people. Young people often touch the feet of the elders to show their respect. Also, 8 some situations, people think the left hand isn’t clean, so they mainly use the right hand to eat and to give or receive things. Knowing and respecting these different customs and manners helps us make friends with people from other countries and 9 making mistakes in communication. It 10 us understand more about different cultures in the world and makes cross-cultural communication better. 五、书面表达 1．请以“A Cross-Cultural Experience I Had”为题，用英语写一篇短文，分享你的一次跨文化经历（如与外国朋友交流、参加国际文化节、品尝外国美食等），并谈谈这次经历给你的感受或启示。 要求： 2. 根据所给题目，写一篇短文，词数不少于80； 3. 语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁； 4. 文中不得使用真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计； ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1．请根据以下提示，写一篇短文比较中国和另一个国家的习俗差异。内容包括： 2. 你比较的是哪两个国家？ 3. 它们在问候方式上有什么不同？ 4. 它们在餐桌礼仪上有什么不同？ 5. 它们在礼物赠送上有什么不同？ 6. 为什么了解这些差异很重要？ 要求：语句通顺，语法正确，词数80词左右。 Cultural Differences Between China and __________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1．假如你是李华，小圈子英语角正在举行以“防震减灾，守护生命”为主题的征文活动。请你根据以下表格中的提示内容，写一篇英文短文投稿，谈谈我们应该如何在地震中进行自我保护。 How to protect ourselves in an earthquake Inside should stay away from windows and heavy furniture… shouldn’t jump from high buildings not take a lift Outside should move to clear areas keep away from tall buildings shouldn’t stand under trees… 要求: 1 参考提示内容，可适当发挥。 2.语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整。 3.文中不得出现任何真实信息(姓名、校名和地名等)。 4.词数：不少于80词。(开头已给出，但不计入总词数) How to protect ourselves in an earthquake Earthquakes are very terrible. It is very important for us to know some ways to protect ourselves from the earthquakes. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________       1．假如你是Lucy，昨天下午你所居住的地方遭遇了一场暴风雨。请给你的好友Lily写一封电子邮件。向她描述一下暴风雨来临时，你的家人（爸爸、妈妈、你、妹妹）都在做什么，以及暴风雨对你们的影响。 写作要求： （1）层次清晰，语言流畅； （2）词数在90~100之间，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； （3）书写规范，卷面整洁； （4）文中不能出现考生姓名和学校名称。 Dear Lily, Let me tell you something about the rainstorm yesterday afternoon. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Lucy 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 5月第三次月考 单元话题热点题型组合练 一、短文填空 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 Hats have a long history in China, dating back thousands of years. In ancient times, people first wore hats to protect 1 (them) from the sun, wind and rain. These early hats were very simple, made of grass, animal skins or 2 (leaf). As time went by, hats 3 (become) more than just daily items. They turned into important symbols 4 social position, especially in feudal (封建的) society. Officials and nobles wore hats with different shapes and decorations 5 (show) their ranks (等级). For example, the mian guan, a special hat for ancient emperors, was very beautiful and showed the 6 (high) power. Common people usually wore simple cloth hats or straw hats. In different dynasties, hat styles changed 7 (great). Some were tall and straight, 8 others were soft and round. Many traditional Chinese hats, such as futou and bamboo hats, are still well-known today. Nowadays, Chinese hats mix traditional culture with modern fashion. They not only protect us 9 also carry rich 10 (culture) meanings. Wearing these hats helps us pass on China’s long history and traditions to the younger people. 【答案】 1．themselves 2．leaves 3．became 4．of 5．to show 6．highest 7．greatly 8．while 9．but 10．cultural 【导语】本文讲述了帽子在中国有着悠久的历史，介绍了古代帽子的用途、象征意义以及不同朝代帽子的风格变化，还提到如今中国帽子融合了传统文化与现代时尚，承载着丰富意义并能传承历史和传统。 1．句意：在古代，人们首先戴帽子是为了保护自己免受日晒、风吹和雨淋。“protect oneself from...”表示“保护自己免受……”，这里指人们保护自己，应用them的反身代词themselves。 2．句意：这些早期的帽子非常简单，由草、动物皮或树叶制成。“leaf”是可数名词，此处与“grass, animal skins”并列，应用复数形式leaves。 3．句意：随着时间的推移，帽子不仅仅是日常用品了。根据“As time went by”可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，become的过去式是became。 4．句意：它们变成了社会地位的重要象征。“symbols of...”表示“……的象征”，这里用of表示所属关系。 5．句意：官员和贵族戴着不同形状和装饰的帽子来显示他们的等级。“wore hats with different shapes and decorations”的目的是“show their ranks”，应用动词不定式to show作目的状语。 6．句意：例如，古代皇帝的特殊帽子冕冠非常漂亮，显示了最高的权力。根据“the mian guan, a special hat for ancient emperors”可知，皇帝的帽子显示的是最高权力，应用high的最高级highest。 7．句意：在不同的朝代，帽子的风格发生了很大的变化。“changed”是动词，应用副词greatly修饰，表示“极大地变化”。 8．句意：有些帽子又高又直，而有些则又软又圆。“Some were tall and straight”和“others were soft and round”是两种不同情况的对比，应用while连接，表示“然而”。 9．句意：它们不仅能保护我们，还承载着丰富的文化意义。“not only...but also...”表示“不但……而且……”，是固定搭配。 10．句意：它们不仅能保护我们，还承载着丰富的文化意义。“meanings”是名词，前面应用形容词cultural修饰，表示“文化意义”。 As an old saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do.” I learned the meaning of this when I studied in Russia. One day I 1 (invite) some of my Chinese friends to a famous local restaurant in Moscow. My guests and I were excited about 2 (visit) Red Square and happy about our meeting. We had a warm chat until the waiter told me that we were being too loud. We turned our voices 3 . But this didn’t last long. The waiter came over to us two more times with 4 same message. How bad an 5 (impress) we left on the local people! In China, it’s common and important for a host 6 (make) a lively atmosphere. 7 , in Russia and Western countries, having a meal in a public place 8 (mean) you must keep quiet. You need to be polite to others. I felt bad about this. Even though we tried 9 (we) best, it was very difficult to develop a new habit. Finding the balance between 10 (culture) is much fun. I’d like to keep my eyes and mind open. 【答案】 1．invited 2．visiting 3．down 4．the 5．impression 6．to make 7．However 8．means 9．our 10．cultures 【导语】本文讲述了作者在俄罗斯学习期间，因文化差异而经历的一件印象深刻的事，进而引发对不同文化间差异与平衡的思考。 1．句意：一天，我邀请我的一些中国朋友去莫斯科一家著名的当地餐馆。根据“One day”可知，此处用一般过去时，动词用过去式invited。 2．句意：我和我的客人们对参观红场感到兴奋，也对我们的会面感到高兴。about是介词，其后跟动名词visiting作宾语。 3．句意：我们降低了声音。根据“the waiter told me that we were being too loud”可知，服务员说我们太吵了，所以我们降低了声音，turn down“降低”，固定短语。 4．句意：服务员又带着同样的信息向我们走了两次。same前通常加定冠词the，表示“同样的”。 5．句意：我们给当地人留下了多么糟糕的印象啊！an后跟名词单数impression“印象”。 6．句意：在中国，主人营造活跃的气氛是常见且重要的。it is+adj+for sb to do sth“对某人来说做某事是……的”，固定句型，所以空处用动词不定式to make。 7．句意：然而，在俄罗斯和西方国家，在公共场所吃饭意味着你必须保持安静。根据“In China, it’s common and important for a host...a lively atmosphere.”以及“in Russia and Western countries, having a meal in a public place...you must keep quiet.”可知，前后句是转折关系，且空后有逗号，所以用however“然而”表示转折，句首首字母大写。 8．句意：然而，在俄罗斯和西方国家，在公共场所吃饭意味着你必须保持安静。本句陈述客观事实，所以用一般现在时，主语是动名词短语“having a meal in a public place”，谓语动词用三单形式means。 9．句意：尽管我们尽了最大努力，但养成一个新习惯还是很困难的。try one’s best“尽某人最大努力”，固定短语，此处用we的形容词性物主代词our。 10．句意：在文化之间找到平衡是很有趣的。between是介词，其后跟名词culture“文化”，此处用复数形式cultures表示“多种文化”。 It was a quiet night. Most people in the town were sleeping when a strong earthquake (地震) 1 (sudden) hit. The ground shook hard, and many 2 (house) fell down. People ran out of their homes, shouting and crying. When the earthquake stopped, rescue (救援) teams from all over the country hurried to the town. At 6 a.m., soldiers (士兵) 3 (look) for people under the buildings. “We 4 (find) ten people alive (活的) since we arrived,” one soldier told the reporter. At the same time, volunteers there were cleaning up the street, handing 5 the food and putting up tents for the homeless. A young nurse named Lucy worked 6 (hard) than anyone else. She said, “I hope 7 (help) as many people as possible.” In a school in the town, teachers were teaching children some safety skills. “Cover your head with your arms and hide under 8 desk during an earthquake,” Mr. Liu said. “And always remember to protect 9 (you) first.” After three days, most people were safe. “This is the most successful rescue I’ve ever seen,” said a reporter. People from different places worked together, sharing food, water, and love. 10 the earthquake broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors closer together. 【答案】 1．suddenly 2．houses 3．were looking 4．have found 5．out 6．harder 7．to help 8．a 9．yourself/yourselves 10．Although/Though 【导语】本文讲述了一个宁静的夜晚突发地震，许多房屋倒塌，救援队迅速赶到现场展开救援。士兵们在废墟中搜寻幸存者，志愿者清理街道、分发食物、搭建帐篷。一位年轻护士比任何人都努力，希望尽可能多地帮助他人。学校里的老师正在教孩子们安全技能，强调要先保护自己。三天后，大多数人安全获救。虽然地震破坏了很多东西，但它也让家庭和邻里之间更加紧密团结。 【详解】21．句意：一场强烈的地震突然袭来。括号内提示词“sudden”为形容词，意为“突然的”，此处修饰动词“hit”，表示“突然地”，需用副词形式“suddenly”。 1．句意：地面剧烈摇晃，许多房屋倒塌了。括号内提示词“house”意为“房屋”，“many”后接可数名词复数，需用复数形式“houses”。 2．句意：在早上六点，士兵们正在建筑物下面搜寻人员。括号内提示词“look”意为“寻找”，“At 6 a.m.”表示描述过去某个时刻正在进行的动作，需用过去进行时“were looking”。 3．句意：“自从我们到达以来，已经找到了十名幸存者。”一个士兵告诉记者。括号内提示词“find”意为“找到”，“since we arrived”表示从过去持续到现在的动作，需用现在完成时“have found”。 4．句意：与此同时，那里的志愿者正在清理街道、分发食物并为无家可归的人搭建帐篷。“hand out”为固定短语，表示“分发”，符合语境，需填副词“out”。 5．句意：一位名叫露茜的年轻护士比任何人都努力。括号内提示词“hard”意为“努力地”，“than”表示比较，需用比较级“harder”。 6．句意：我希望帮助尽可能多的人。括号内提示词“help”意为“帮助”，“hope to do sth.”为固定搭配，表示“希望做某事”，符合语境，需用不定式“to help”。 7．句意：刘老师说：“地震时用胳膊护住头部，躲在桌子下面。”。这里泛指教室里的桌子，需用不定冠词“a”，表示“一张桌子”。 8．句意：刘老师说：“永远记住首先要保护好自己。”。括号内提示词“you”意为人称代词主格“你”，此处表示“你自己”或“你们自己”，需用反身代词“yourself”或者“yourselves”，这里单数或者复数形式都符合语境。 9．句意：虽然地震破坏了很多东西，但它让家庭和邻里之间更加紧密团结。前后句为让步转折关系，表示“虽然/尽管”，需填连词“Although”或“Though”，注意首字母大写。 根据内容填写所缺单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空，使语篇意思完整，每空一词。 On 26 December 2004, 10-year-old Tilly Smith was on holiday in Phuket with her family. While 1 (walk) on the beach, she noticed strange waves coming in instead of going out. She quickly realized a tsunami was 2 (come), as her geography teacher had taught her about underwater 3 (earthquake) causing such waves. At first, her family didn’t believe her, 4 Tilly refused to move further. Her mother stayed on the beach, while 5 rest of the family returned to the hotel. Tilly’s father told a security guard about the 6 (dangerous), and he cleared the beach at once. The tsunami hit soon, but everyone there 7 (survive). The 2004 tsunami killed over 200,000 people, but no one on that beach died. Thanks 8 Tilly’s knowledge and quick thinking, over 100 lives were saved. This story shows that even a small lesson can make the 9 (big) difference. Although Tilly was the youngest person on the beach, she stayed calmer and acted more quickly than most adults. Not only did she save her own family, but she also helped many 10 (strange). 【答案】 1．walking 2．coming 3．earthquakes 4．but 5．the 6．danger 7．survived 8．to 9．biggest 10．strangers 【导语】本文讲述了2004年印度洋海啸发生时，10岁女孩蒂莉·史密斯凭借地理课上学到的知识，及时识别出海啸前兆并成功疏散海滩游客，挽救上百人性命的真实故事。 1．句意：在海滩上散步时，她注意到有奇怪的海浪涌来而非退去。While表示“在……期间”，强调“散步”这个动作发生的同时，她“注意到”海浪的异常，因此用过去进行时；while引导的时间状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，可省略从句的主语和be动词，故空处填入现在分词；walk的现在分词形式为walking，符合语境。 2．句意：她很快意识到一场海啸即将来临，因为她的地理老师曾教过她，海底地震会引发这样的海浪。结合她在地理课上学过的知识，她立刻意识到接下来会发生什么——海啸即将到来，此处表示过去某一时间点“即将发生”的动作，应用过去进行时；was后用动词的现在分词coming。 3．句意：她很快意识到一场海啸即将来临，因为她的地理老师曾教过她，海底地震会引发这样的海浪。此处泛指“海底地震”这一类自然现象，且无具体数量限定，用复数形式earthquakes表示类别。 4．句意：起初，她的家人不相信她，但蒂莉拒绝继续往前走。前后句为转折关系，故填but。 5．句意：她的母亲留在海滩上，而家里的其他人回到了酒店。“the rest of”为固定短语，意为“其余的”，故填定冠词the。 6．句意：蒂莉的父亲告诉一名保安关于危险的情况，保安立刻清空了海滩。此处应用名词作介词about的宾语，dangerous的名词形式为danger，意为“危险”，为不可数名词，符合语境。 7．句意：海啸很快袭来，但那里的每个人都幸存了下来。结合上下文，此处描述过去的事件用一般过去时，survive的过去式为survived。 8．句意：多亏了蒂莉的知识和快速反应，超过100条生命得救。“thanks to”为固定短语，意为“多亏了”，故填介词to。 9．句意：这个故事表明，即使是一堂小小的课也能带来最大的不同。结合上下文可知，这堂课产生了极为重大的影响，此处需用形容词最高级，big的最高级为biggest。 10．句意：她不仅救了自己的家人，还帮助了许多陌生人。many后接可数名词复数，strange“陌生的”是形容词，其名词是stranger“陌生人”，复数形式为strangers。 二、完形填空 Have you ever experienced anything really terrible that made you have scary dreams at night? One of the 1 experiences of mine was going through a storm. One morning when I was eight years old, the news on TV 2 that there was a storm that might soon move into our town. But my parents and I were not going to leave our house because we thought the 3 wouldn’t be too serious. Around 8:00 p.m., the wind 4 to blow. We could see the leaves 5 everywhere. About an hour later, it started to rain 6 . The branches (树枝) of the trees started to break off. I felt the wind pushing me back 7 I opened the door. At about 10:00 p.m., I tried to 8 but the wind kept making noises. Suddenly, my parents and I heard a 9 noise and knew that something bad happened. The storm broke a 10 into pieces and started to come in. After seeing this, we were so shocked that we couldn’t say a word. We kept 11 for a while and decided to do something. I got some rubbish bags to cover the TV and computer in our house. My parents pushed an old bed to block the window, but the wind kept blowing it down. So they found 12 to prop up (支撑) the bed. Luckily, the storm didn’t become worse again. The storm lasted 13 12 hours and stopped the next morning. When we went out, we saw the 14 trees everywhere. This storm experience made us 15 that storms are very dangerous. We should take them seriously and make full preparations before they come. 1．A．longest B．busiest C．happiest D．worst 2．A．pointed B．remembered C．reported D．shared 3．A．snow B．storm C．sunshine D．thunder 4．A．began B．meant C．continued D．planned 5．A．losing B．watering C．feeding D．flying 6．A．slowly B．hardly C．heavily D．lightly 7．A．now that B．as soon as C．even if D．so that 8．A．fall asleep B．wake up C．come back D．sit down 9．A．usual B．loud C．soft D．clear 10．A．table B．chair C．door D．window 11．A．brave B．shocked C．still D．safe 12．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 13．A．in B．on C．for D．at 14．A．strong B．fallen C．fresh D．sick 15．A．realize B．wonder C．change D．imagine 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文讲述作者八岁时经历的一场可怕暴风雨，描述危险情景及灾后感悟，强调应重视风暴并提前做好充分准备。 【详解】51．句意：我最糟糕的经历之一就是遭遇暴风雨。 结合前文“terrible”、“scary dreams”可知，此处指代糟糕可怕的经历，worst“最差的”符合语境，longest最长的、busiest最忙碌的、happiest最开心的，均不符合文意。 1．句意：电视新闻播报一场暴风雨很快将会侵袭我们小镇。 新闻节目搭配播报消息，reported“播报”符合语境，pointed指出、remembered记得、shared分享，均搭配不当。 2．句意：我们认为这场暴风雨不会太过严重，所以没有离家躲避。 全文围绕暴风雨展开，storm“暴风雨”符合语境，snow雪、sunshine阳光、thunder雷声，均不符。 3．句意：晚上八点左右，风开始刮起来了。 began“开始”符合天气变化的语境，meant意味着、continued持续、planned计划，均不合适。 4．句意：我们能看见树叶四处飞舞。 刮风时树叶随风飞舞，flying“飞舞”符合场景，losing丢失、watering浇水、feeding喂养，均不符。 5．句意：大约一小时后，下起了大雨。 rain heavily是固定搭配，意为“下大雨”，heavily符合语境；slowly缓慢地、hardly几乎不、lightly轻微地，均不符合降雨场景。 6．句意：我一打开门，就能感受到狂风把我往后推。 as soon as一……就……引导时间状语从句，贴合语境；now that既然、even if即使、so that以便，均逻辑不通。 7．句意：晚上十点左右，我试图入睡，可狂风一直发出声响。 根据时间“晚上10点”和后文“风一直发出噪音”，可知是试图“入睡”，fall asleep符合语境，wake up醒来、come back回来、sit down坐下，均不符。 8．句意：突然我和父母听到一阵巨大的声响，意识到出事了。 暴风雨肆虐会发出巨大动静，loud“大声的”符合语境，usual平常的、soft轻柔的、clear清晰的，均不符。 9．句意：暴风雨把一扇窗户击碎，雨水狂风开始灌进屋里。 后文出现block the window“封堵窗户”，前后呼应可知此处是窗户受损，window“窗户”符合语境，table桌子、chair椅子、door门，均不符。 10．句意：我们愣了一会儿，然后决定做点什么。 前文提到“we were so shocked that we couldn’t say a word”，因此此处表示“保持不动/愣住”，kept still是固定搭配，意为“保持静止”，still符合语境；brave勇敢的、shocked震惊的 (形容词不可修饰动作)、safe安全的，均不合适。 11．句意：于是他们找来东西支撑住床架。 something表示“某物”，用于肯定句中，符合“找东西支撑床”的语境；anything用于否定疑问句、nothing没有东西、everything一切，均不符合语境。 12．句意：这场暴风雨持续了十二个小时，在次日清晨停歇。 介词for后接时间段，表示动作持续时长，in在……内、on在某天、at在具体时刻，均用法错误。 13．句意：出门后我们随处可见倒伏的树木。 暴风雨过后树木倒地，fallen“倒下的”符合场景，strong强壮的、fresh新鲜的、sick生病的，均不符。 14．句意：这场暴风雨经历让我们意识到暴风雨十分危险。 根据后文“We should take them seriously...”可知，作者“意识到”暴风雨的危险性，realize符合文意，wonder想知道、change改变、imagine想象，均不符。 “Thank you” is widely used in a modern society. It is 1 very good manner. You should say “Thank you” 2 others help you or say something kind to you. For example, when someone passes the salt on the table to you, when someone 3 ahead of you opens the door for you, when someone says you have done your work well, when someone says you have bought a 4 thing, or your city is very beautiful, you should say “Thank you”. “Thank you” is 5 not only between friends, but also between parents and children, brothers and sisters, husbands and wives. “Excuse me” is 6 short polite phrase. We use it as widely as “Thank you”. When you hear someone 7 so behind you, you’ve got to know that somebody 8 to walk past you without touching you. If you want to have 9 with one of them when they are talking, please say “Excuse me” first, and then begin to talk. You should 10 do so when you want to cough or make any unpleasant noise before others. Let’s say “Thank you” and “Excuse me” on the right occasions. 1．A．the B．不填 C．a 2．A．however B．whatever C．whenever 3．A．walks B．passes C．walking 4．A．plastic B．nice C．gray 5．A．used B．to use C．using 6．A．the other B．another C．other 7．A．to say B．say C．said 8．A．wanted B．will want C．wants 9．A．a dinner B．a word C．a play 10．A．also B．as well C．either 【答案】 1．C 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了“Thank you”和“Excuse me”这两个礼貌用语在现代社会中的广泛使用场景。 【详解】66．句意：这是一种非常好的礼貌。 根据句意，“Thank you”是一种礼貌的表现，manner在此表示“礼貌、礼节”，为可数名词，且此处泛指“一种好的礼貌”，故应用不定冠词a。the表示特指，不符合此处泛指的语境；不填冠词用于复数或不可数名词的泛指，但manner在此为单数可数名词，不能省略冠词。 1．句意：当别人帮助你或对你说好话时，你应该说“谢谢你”。 根据前后逻辑关系，说“谢谢你”应发生在别人提供帮助或说好话的时候，表示时间。应选用whenever，表示“每当……的时候”，强调在任何此类情况下都应道谢。however表示“然而”，whatever表示“无论什么”，均不符合时间状语从句的语境。 2．句意：当走在你前面的人为你开门时。 根据句子结构，此处需要填一个非谓语动词作定语，修饰someone，表示“走在你前面的人”。应选用walking，现在分词短语walking ahead of you作后置定语，相当于who walks ahead of you。walks为第三人称单数谓语动词，若填入则导致句子出现双谓语；passes表示“经过”，不符合“走在前面”的含义。 3．句意：当有人说你买了好东西。 根据句意，此处应是一个褒义形容词修饰thing，表示“好的、漂亮的”。应选用nice，表示“好的、美好的”。plastic表示“塑料的”，gray表示“灰色的”，均为中性或客观描述，不符合他人赞美时的语境。 4．句意：“谢谢你”不仅用于朋友之间，也用于父母与孩子、兄弟姐妹、夫妻之间。 根据句意及结构，此处表示“被使用”，应用被动语态。应选用used，与is构成is used，表示“被使用”。to use为不定式，using为动名词或现在分词，均不能构成被动语态。 5．句意：“Excuse me”是另一个简短的礼貌用语。 根据前文已介绍“Thank you”，此处介绍另一个礼貌用语，表示“另一个、又一个”。应选用another，表示“另一个”，泛指多个中的另一个。the other表示“两者中的另一个”，有特定范围；other表示“其他的”，通常后接复数名词，不能直接修饰单数短语。 6．句意：当你听到身后有人说“Excuse me”时。 根据句子结构，此处需要填动词原形，与hear构成hear sb do sth结构，表示“听到某人做了某事”，强调听到动作的全过程。应选用say。to say为不定式，said为过去式，不能用于此结构。 7．句意：你就知道有人想要从你身边走过而不碰到你。 根据句意及结构，此处表示“想要”，描述一般情况下的意图。应选用wants，为一般现在时第三人称单数，与somebody搭配。wanted为过去时，不符合描述普遍情况的语境；will want为将来时，亦不符合语境。 8．句意：如果你想在他们谈话时和他们说一句话。 根据句意及搭配，have a word with sb为固定短语，表示“与某人说句话”。应选用a word。a dinner表示“一顿晚餐”，a play表示“一部戏剧”，均不符合“与人交谈”的语境。 9．句意：当你想咳嗽或在别人面前发出任何不愉快的声音时，你也应该这样做。 根据句意，此处表示“也”，用于肯定句中，且位于情态动词should之前。应选用also，表示“也”，常用于句中。as well表示“也”，常用于句末；either表示“也”，用于否定句句末，均不符合此处位置和句式。 三、阅读理解 Different countries have different ideas about manners—how you behave when you are eating. In England, table manners are important. Good table manners in England are as follows: How to sit: You should sit up straight in your chair. It is not a good idea to lean forwards or backwards. When you eat, you should not lean towards the plate, but bring the knife, fork or spoon towards you. At the same time, do not put your elbows on the table, nor reach over someone’s plate for something. Using your fingers: English people normally don’t pick food up with their fingers when they are eating main courses. If you are not sure, the safest is to use your knife or fork. There are, however, some foods that are usually eaten with fingers. They include pizza, sandwiches, burgers, crisps and fruits. Your mouth: It is not polite to talk with your mouth full of food, or to eat with your mouth open. And if possible, do not make any noises. Never lick (舔) your plate after eating. How much to eat: It is polite to eat food that you have been offered, so a clear plate is a good plate. It shows that you enjoyed the food. If you can’t finish everything and you need to leave a little, that’s also okay. You could say something like “That was very nice, thank you, but I’m just too full to eat another bite.” 1．What does the underlined word “lean” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese? A．欣赏 B．张贴 C．租借 D．倾斜 2．Which of the following is considered good table manners in England? A．Eating an orange with fingers. B．Licking your plate after eating. C．Reaching over someone’s plate for something. D．Talking with your mouth full of food. 3．What can we infer (推断) according to the passage? A．Saying sorry means we are full. B．It’s polite to make noises when eating. C．Eating with the mouth closed is good manners. D．We mustn’t leave anything on the plate at any time. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了英国餐桌礼仪的几个方面，包括坐姿、手指的使用、进食时的嘴部行为以及食量的控制。 【详解】76．第二段明确指出：“You should sit up straight in your chair. It is not a good idea to lean forwards or backwards”，结合语境，在椅子上要坐端正，身体前倾或后仰都不是好习惯，所以“lean”意为“倾斜”。 1．第三段明确指出：“pizza, sandwiches, burgers, crisps and fruits”通常用手指吃，橙子属于水果，因此用手指吃橙子符合英国餐桌礼仪。 2．第四段明确指出：“eat with your mouth open”是不礼貌的，因此闭着嘴吃东西是好的礼仪。 For centuries, China has been known as “a state of ceremony”, which means Liyi Zhibang. There was much greeting etiquette in ancient China. And the fist-and-palm salute (拱手礼) was quite a classic example. Today, although Chinese people usually shake hands when meeting friends and relatives, people still make fist-and-palm salutes when they are paying a visit to someone during the Spring Festival or attending someone’s wedding or birthday party. The fist-and-palm salute has a history of more than 3,000 years. Since the Western Zhou Dynasty, people had already performed it when meeting peers (同辈). In ancient times, if people met a stranger, they would prepare for a fight if necessary, and their hands were always ready for holding any weapon (武器). Holding hands together pointed towards themselves was a gesture of saying “relax”, meaning “I’m not with any weapon and I’m not here to pick a fight”. Later, it became the etiquette when people met each other or showed thanks. So, how should people do the fist-and-palm salute properly? First, stand at attention. If you’re a man, make a fist (拳) with your right hand, then hold the right hand with your left hand in front of your chest, look at the person, raise both hands to the eyebrows (眉毛), bend down and shake hands gently three times. At the same time, you can also say some lucky greeting words. If you’re a woman, you should do it the other way which should be the right hand on the top. People may be more familiar with the hold-fist salute, called bao quan li in Chinese. It is widely used among the kung fu masters and students. This gesture is formed by holding the right fist first very tightly closed and covering it with the left hand open, and extending both arms a little forward in front of the chest. Make sure the left thumb (拇指) is close to the index finger (食指) and don’t point it at yourself, as it shows impoliteness. 1．What does the underlined word “etiquette” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Need. B．Manners. C．Dances. D．Groups. 2．Which picture shows the CORRECT way for women to do the fist-and-palm salute? A．B．C． D． 3．If Mike wants to do the hold-fist salute, he should ______. A．keep his right hand open B．put his right hand on his left hand C．not point his left thumb at himself D．not hold out his arms 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．There are no standards for these two salutes. B．The fist-and-palm salute is more common in kung fu. C．Now, people celebrate one’s birthday with the hold-fist salute. D．These two salutes seem similar, but they are quite different. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 【导语】本文介绍了中国传统礼仪中拱手礼与抱拳礼的起源、文化内涵及正确行礼方式，展现了中国“礼仪之邦”的文化特色。 【详解】79．第一段开头提到“For centuries, China has been known as “a state of ceremony”，中国被称为“礼仪之邦”，后文介绍的拱手礼就是一种典型的“礼仪”。 1．第三段明确提到“ If you’re a woman, you should do it the other way which should be the right hand on the top.”，说明女性行拱手礼时，右手在上（左手握拳，右手在上）。 2．第四段说明抱拳礼的要求：“Make sure the left thumb is close to the index finger and don’t point it at yourself, as it shows impoliteness.”（左手拇指要靠近食指，不能指向自己，否则不礼貌）。 3．文中分别介绍了“拱手礼（fist-and-palm salute）”和“抱拳礼（hold-fist salute）” 的不同适用场景、姿势规范，二者虽形式相似但细节与用途不同。 Wildfires are one of the most terrible natural disasters in the world. They burn large areas of forests, destroy houses and farmland, and put people’s lives in serious danger. When a big wildfire breaks out, many brave people always stand up to fight against it without hesitation. In August 2022, a huge wildfire broke out in the mountain area of Chongqing. The fire spread fast because of the strong wind and dry weather. Thousands of professional firefighters, forest rangers and volunteers from all over the country joined in the fight at once. Young delivery riders played an important role. They drove their motorcycles on dangerous mountain roads day and night, carrying water, food, medicine and other supplies to the front line. Workers and local villagers cut down trees in time to make firebreaks, which stopped the fire from spreading further. Doctors and nurses set up simple medical points at the foot of the mountain to help tired and hurt firefighters. Firefighters worked for days without enough sleep or rest. They fought against the big fire bravely in high temperature and thick smoke. With the hard work and teamwork of all people, the big wildfire was finally put out successfully after several days of hard fighting. Natural disasters are really scary, but love and teamwork can beat any difficulty. We should learn from these brave fighters and try our best to protect our beautiful home. 1．What does the underlined word “destroy” mean? A．建造 B．摧毁 C．打扫 D．装饰 2．What did the young riders do during the wildfire? A．Put out the fire B．Treated sick people C．Sent supplies up the mountain D．Made firebreaks 3．Who helped hurt firefighters? A．Volunteers B．Workers C．Firefighters D．Doctors and nurses 4．What beat the wildfire finally? A．Heavy rain B．Teamwork and hard work C．Strong wind D．New technology 5．What is the best title of the passage? A．How to Prevent Wildfires B．Brave People Fighting Wildfires C．The Danger of All Natural Disasters D．How to Stay Safe in Wildfires 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章以2022年重庆山火为例，讲述了消防员、志愿者、外卖骑手、医护人员等各行各业的人们，如何通过分工协作、日夜奋战扑灭大火，表达了“爱与团结能战胜一切困难”的主题。 【详解】83．根据第一段“They burn large areas of forests, destroy houses and farmland, and put people's lives in serious danger.”可知，句子描述了野火的危害，与“烧毁”、“威胁生命”是并列的负面后果。 1．根据第三段“Young delivery riders played an important role. They drove their motorcycles on dangerous mountain roads day and night, carrying water, food, medicine and other supplies to the front line.”可知，外卖骑手的核心任务是将水、食物、药品等物资运送到前线。 2．根据第三段句尾“Doctors and nurses set up simple medical points at the foot of the mountain to help tired and hurt firefighters.”可知， 帮助受伤消防员的是医生和护士。 3．根据第四段“With the hard work and teamwork of all people, the big wildfire was finally put out successfully after several days of hard fighting.”可知，是所有人的“辛勤付出和团队合作”让大火被成功扑灭。 4．根据全文可知，文章围绕重庆山火事件，讲述了不同职业的人们如何携手抗击山火，并赞美了他们的勇敢与奉献。 Dear Li Hua, How’s everything going? I’m now studying in Canada and I’m having a great time here. I’ve experienced many interesting cultural differences. One thing is about table manners. Here, people usually use knives and forks to eat. When we have dinner together, we don’t start eating until everyone is served. Also, we say “bless you” when someone sneezes. It’s a polite way here. Another thing is about festivals. Last week, I celebrated Thanksgiving with my host family. We had a big dinner and gave thanks for what we have. It was really warm and meaningful. I’ve also tried to communicate with local people. At first, I was afraid of making mistakes, but they were very patient and friendly. Now, I feel much more confident. I’m looking forward to sharing more with you when I come back. Yours, Wang Ming 1．Where is Wang Ming now? A．In China. B．In Canada. C．In America. D．In Australia. 2．What do people usually use to eat in Canada according to the letter? A．Chopsticks. B．Spoons. C．Knives and forks. D．Hands. 3．What festival did Wang Ming celebrate last week? A．Christmas. B．Thanksgiving. C．Halloween. D．New Year. 4．How did Wang Ming feel at first when communicating with local people? A．Afraid. B．Confident. C．Excited. D．Bored. 5．What’s the main purpose of this letter? A．To complain about the life in Canada. B．To ask Li Hua for help. C．To invite Li Hua to Canada. D．To tell Li Hua about his cultural experiences in Canada. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是王明写给李华的一封信，主要写了王明在加拿大学习期间，亲身经历并感受到的文化差异，同时讲述了自己从初时害怕犯错到逐渐自信、与当地人友好相处的经历，传递出在异国文化融合中的成长与感悟。 1．根据“I’m now studying in Canada and I’m having a great time here.”可知，王明现在在加拿大。 2．根据“Here, people usually use knives and forks to eat.”可知，在加拿大，人们用刀和叉吃饭。 3．根据“Last week, I celebrated Thanksgiving with my host family.”可知，上周王明过了感恩节。 4．根据“At first, I was afraid of making mistakes”可知，王明刚开始与当地人交流的时候很害怕犯错。 5．信件核心是分享在加拿大的经历、感受，而非抱怨，邀请或求助，故选D。 四、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺，意思完整，每空限填一次，每词限用一次。 prepare  luck    happen  a   be   to   expect  easy  thing    important Earthquakes happen all the time around the world. Sometimes they are just too small for people 1 feel. But when a serious earthquake 2 , it can be very sudden and dangerous. 3 , here are some safety tips for you to follow. To begin with, you must know where to hide. If you are indoors,hide under a strong desk and hang on to its legs. Or you can sit in the corner of the walls. If you are outdoors, find 4 open area and stay away from trees and power lines. In this way, you can keep off danger more 5 .Besides,always prepare an emergency kit at home. In the kit, you should keep enough food and water, a flashlight, a knife, a strong rope, and other useful 6 . Being prepared may help save your life. Most 7 ,as students, you need to take part in the safety training at school.It can help you put your knowledge into practice. For example, when the strong shaking stops, you should not move around right away. Sometimes,there will 8 some aftershocks, and they can be quite dangerous,too. No one 9 to experience an earthquake, but no one knows whether they will have the bad luck. So, to increase our chance of surviving the natural disaster, we must always be 10 . 【答案】 1．to 2．happens 3．Luckily 4．an 5．easily 6．things 7．importantly 8．be 9．expects 10．prepared 【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了地震发生时的安全避险知识，包括躲避位置、应急物资准备、安全训练等内容，强调了提前准备对提高地震生存几率的重要性。 1．句意：有时它们太小了，人们感觉不到。“too...to...”是英语中固定的结果状语结构，表示“太……而不能……”，此处需要用不定式符号“to”引出后面的动词原形“feel”，构成“too small for people to feel”的完整表达，故填to。 2．句意：但当一场严重的地震发生时，它可能会非常突然和危险。这是由“when”引导的时间状语从句，主句用了“can be”表示可能性，从句应使用一般现在时表将来；从句主语“a serious earthquake”是第三人称单数，谓语动词需要使用第三人称单数形式；方框中happen“发生”符合语境，其第三人称单数形式为“happens”，故填happens。 3．句意：幸运的是，这里有一些安全提示供你遵循。此处需要一个副词置于句首，用来修饰整个句子，表达“幸运的是”这一语气；方框中luck“幸运”是名词，其副词形式为“luckily”，句首首字母需要大写，故填Luckily。 4．句意：如果你在户外，找一个开阔的区域，远离树木和电线。“open area”是可数名词单数，且“open”以元音音素/əʊ/开头，根据英语冠词用法，元音音素开头的单数可数名词前要用不定冠词“an”表示“一个”，故填an。 5．句意：这样，你就能更容易地远离危险。此处需要一个副词来修饰动词短语“keep off danger”，表示“远离危险”的方式；方框中easy“容易的”是形容词，其副词形式为easily“容易地”，且“more easily”构成比较级，强调“更容易”，故填easily。 6．句意：在急救包里，你应该放足够的食物和水、手电筒、刀、结实的绳子和其他有用的东西。“other”后通常接可数名词复数，表示“其他的……”；方框中thing“东西”是可数名词，其复数形式为“things”，用来指代前文列举的各类应急物品，故填things。 7．句意：最重要的是，作为学生，你需要参加学校的安全训练。“Most importantly”是英语中常用的过渡短语，用于引出最重要的一点；方框中important“重要的”是形容词，其副词形式为“importantly”，故填importantly。 8．句意：有时，会有一些余震，它们也可能相当危险。这是“there be”句型的一般将来时结构，形式为“there will be +名词”，表示“将会有……”；方框中be是动词原形，符合这一语法结构，故填be。 9．句意：没有人期望经历地震，但没有人知道他们是否会有这种坏运气。句子主语“No one”是不定代词，视为第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式；方框中“expect”“期望”符合语境，其第三人称单数形式为“expects”，故填expects。 10．句意：所以，为了增加我们在这场自然灾害中生存的机会，我们必须时刻做好准备。“be prepared”是固定短语，表示“做好准备”，强调状态；方框中prepare“准备”是动词，其形容词形式为“prepared”“准备好的”，与“be”构成系表结构，故填prepared。 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、正确、连贯，每个单词限用一次(有两个多余)。 storm, safe, strong, report, stay, wind, cloud, sun, danger, arrive, wet, warm Yesterday was a terrible day. The weather 1 said that a heavy 2 was coming in the afternoon. But I didn’t listen to it and went out to play football with my friends. Soon, the sky turned dark and 3 . A strong 4 started to blow. We decided to go home quickly, but it was too late. The rain began to pour down, and we got completely 5 . On the way home, we saw a tree fall down because of the 6 wind. We were scared and ran as fast as we could. When we 7 home, our parents were waiting for us. They told us it was 8 to go out in such bad weather. After taking a hot shower, I felt 9 again. My mum said, “You must remember to check the weather report before going out. It can keep you 10 .” I nodded. I will never forget this experience. 【答案】 1．report 2．storm 3．cloudy 4．wind 5．wet 6．strong 7．arrived 8．dangerous 9．warm 10．safe 【导语】本文讲述了作者因未听从天气预报，在暴风雨天气外出玩耍而遭遇危险，最终在父母的提醒下认识到出门前查看天气预报重要性的经历。 1．句意：天气预报说下午会有一场强暴风雨。weather report 是固定搭配，意为“天气预报”。根据上下文，此处指天气预报。故选report。   2．句意：天气预报说下午会有一场强暴风雨。heavy storm 表示“强暴风雨”，与后文恶劣天气的描述相符。故选storm。 3． 句意：很快，天空变得又暗又阴沉。and连接并列成分，dark是形容词，此处也应填形容词。cloudy意为“多云的，阴沉的”，符合天空变暗的天气变化。故选cloudy。 4．句意：一阵强风开始刮起来。strong wind表示“强风”，与后文“blow”（刮）的动作相呼应。故选wind。 5．句意：雨开始倾盆而下，我们全身都湿透了。根据“The rain began to pour down”可知，下雨会让人变湿，wet意为“湿的”。故选wet。 6．句意：在回家的路上，我们看到一棵树因为强风而倒下了。strong wind表示“强风”，强风足以吹倒树木。故选strong。 7．句意：当我们到家时，我们的父母正在等我们。arrive home表示“到家”，文章时态为一般过去时，arrive 的过去式是 arrived。故选arrived。 8．句意：他们告诉我们，在这样恶劣的天气外出是很危险的。it is + 形容词 + to do sth. 是固定句型。dangerous意为“危险的”，符合恶劣天气外出的语境。故选dangerous。 9．句意：洗了个热水澡后，我又感到暖和了。 根据“After taking a hot shower”可知，热水澡会让人感到暖和，warm意为“暖和的”。故选warm。 10．句意：它（查看天气预报）能让你保持安全。keep sb. + 形容词 表示“使某人保持某种状态”。safe意为“安全的”，符合天气预报保障安全的作用。故选safe。 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 in avoid while make cover fork usual kiss respect private Every country has its own special customs and manners. In Japan, people usually bow to greet each other. A small bow might mean a simple hello, 1 a deep and long bow shows more respect. When you enter a Japanese house or some 2 places, you have to take off your shoes. In France, friends often greet with a 3 on the cheek. French people also pay much attention to table manners. For example, people should use the knives and 4 in the right order. In Saudi Arabia, people have to dress properly. Men usually wear long traditional robes. Women need to 5 their bodies and heads when they are in public. Their greetings are 6 more formal and sometimes include special words. In India, it is very important to 7 old people. Young people often touch the feet of the elders to show their respect. Also, 8 some situations, people think the left hand isn’t clean, so they mainly use the right hand to eat and to give or receive things. Knowing and respecting these different customs and manners helps us make friends with people from other countries and 9 making mistakes in communication. It 10 us understand more about different cultures in the world and makes cross-cultural communication better. 【答案】 1．while 2．private 3．kiss 4．forks 5．cover 6．usually 7．respect 8．in 9．avoid 10．makes 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了日本、法国、沙特阿拉伯和印度等国家的不同风俗习惯和礼仪规范，强调了了解和尊重文化差异对国际交流的重要性。 1．句意：一个小小的鞠躬可能意味着简单的问候，而一个深而长的鞠躬则表示更多的尊重。分析句子结构，前后两个分句存在对比关系。故填while。 2．句意：当你进入一所日本房子或一些私人场所时，你必须脱鞋。空处修饰名词places，private“私人的”符合语境。故填private。 3．句意：在法国，朋友们经常用亲吻脸颊的方式打招呼。根据“on the cheek”可知，此处指“亲吻”，a后跟可数名词单数。故填kiss。 4．句意：例如，人们应该按正确顺序使用刀叉。根据“knives and ...”可知，此处与餐具有关，fork“叉子”符合语境，与knives并列，应使用复数形式。故填forks。 5．句意：女性在公共场合需要遮盖身体和头部。need to do sth.“需要做某事”，空处用动词原形，cover“遮盖”符合语境。故填cover。 6．句意：她们的问候通常更正式，有时还包含特殊的词语。修饰形容词formal，应用副词形式，usually“通常”符合语境。故填usually。 7．句意：在印度，尊敬老人非常重要。此处为句型“It is + adj. + to do sth.”，空处用动词原形，respect“尊敬”符合语境。故填respect。 8．句意：同样，在某些情况下，人们认为左手不干净。表示“在一些情况下”应用介词in。故填in。 9．句意：了解和尊重这些不同的风俗习惯有助于我们与来自其他国家的人交朋友，并避免在交流中犯错。空处与make并列，应用动词原形，avoid“避免”符合语境，avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”。故填avoid。 10．句意：它让我们更了解世界上的不同文化，使跨文化交流变得更好。此处为一般现在时，主语It为第三人称单数，空处用动词三单形式。故填makes。 五、书面表达 1．请以“A Cross-Cultural Experience I Had”为题，用英语写一篇短文，分享你的一次跨文化经历（如与外国朋友交流、参加国际文化节、品尝外国美食等），并谈谈这次经历给你的感受或启示。 要求： 2. 根据所给题目，写一篇短文，词数不少于80； 3. 语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁； 4. 文中不得使用真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计； ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文： A Cross-Cultural Experience I Had Last month, our school held an International Cultural Festival, and it was my most unforgettable cross-cultural experience. I visited the Japan booth and tried to learn origami. At first, I couldn’t make the paper crane correctly and felt a little frustrated. But a Japanese student patiently showed me step by step. She couldn’t speak Chinese well, so we used gestures and simple English to communicate. Finally, I made my first paper crane! We both laughed and took a photo together. This experience taught me that language is not the only way to communicate. A smile and patience can build bridges between cultures. I also learned that making mistakes is part of learning. Now I want to learn more about different cultures and make friends from around the world. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：记叙文，经历分享类写作 确定时态：以一般过去时为主，结尾感受用一般现在时 明确要点：描述一次跨文化经历（时间、地点、经过）+表达感受或启示 确定人称：第一人称（I/my） 注意事项：词数不少于80，不出现真实姓名和校名，内容连贯 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：点明经历背景（时间、活动），引出主题 主体段：详细描述经历过程（遇到困难、交流方式、结果） 结尾段：总结感受与启示，升华主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：跨文化经历背景 内容：International Cultural Festival / meet foreign students / try new culture 表达：held / took part in / visited 要点二：具体经历过程 过程表达：at first / but / so / finally / step by step 交流方式：use gestures / simple English / help each other 要点三：感受与启示 内容：learn origami / communicate with difficulty / help each other 表达：learn that / not the only way / build bridges between cultures / want to learn more 1．请根据以下提示，写一篇短文比较中国和另一个国家的习俗差异。内容包括： 2. 你比较的是哪两个国家？ 3. 它们在问候方式上有什么不同？ 4. 它们在餐桌礼仪上有什么不同？ 5. 它们在礼物赠送上有什么不同？ 6. 为什么了解这些差异很重要？ 要求：语句通顺，语法正确，词数80词左右。 Cultural Differences Between China and __________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Cultural Differences Between China and the UK There are some interesting cultural differences between China and the UK. First, in China, people often greet each other with a nod or handshake, while British people usually say “Hello” or “How are you?”. Second, for table manners, Chinese people often share dishes, but in the UK, everyone has their own plate. Also, in China, it’s polite to refuse a gift at first, but in the UK, people accept gifts directly and open them at once. Understanding these differences is important because it helps us show respect and avoid misunderstandings when we meet people from other cultures. 【总体分析】①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：需比较中国与另一国家在问候、餐桌礼仪、礼物赠送三方面的习俗差异，并说明了解差异的重要性。 【写作步骤】第一步，开篇点明比较对象（中国与英国），总起全文； 第二步，分三点描述差异（问候方式、餐桌礼仪、礼物赠送），用while/but等连接词对比； 第三步，结尾说明了解文化差异的意义（尊重与避免误解）。 【亮点词汇】①cultural differences 文化差异 ②table manners 餐桌礼仪 ③misunderstandings 误解 【高分句型】①First, in China, people often greet each other with a nod or handshake, while British people usually say “Hello” or “How are you?”（运用了while连接的并列句对比差异） ②Understanding these differences is important because it helps us show respect and avoid misunderstandings…（运用了动名词短语作主语） 1．假如你是李华，小圈子英语角正在举行以“防震减灾，守护生命”为主题的征文活动。请你根据以下表格中的提示内容，写一篇英文短文投稿，谈谈我们应该如何在地震中进行自我保护。 How to protect ourselves in an earthquake Inside should stay away from windows and heavy furniture… shouldn’t jump from high buildings not take a lift Outside should move to clear areas keep away from tall buildings shouldn’t stand under trees… 要求: 1 参考提示内容，可适当发挥。 2.语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整。 3.文中不得出现任何真实信息(姓名、校名和地名等)。 4.词数：不少于80词。(开头已给出，但不计入总词数) How to protect ourselves in an earthquake Earthquakes are very terrible. It is very important for us to know some ways to protect ourselves from the earthquakes. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________       【答案】例文 How to protect ourselves in an earthquake Earthquakes are very terrible. It is very important for us to know some ways to protect ourselves from earthquakes. If we are inside a building when an earthquake happens, we should stay away from windows and heavy furniture at once. We can hide under a strong table and protect our heads. We mustn’t jump from high buildings or take the lift, because it’s really dangerous. If we are outside, we should move to clear and open areas quickly and keep away from tall buildings. We shouldn’t stand under trees. Besides, we should always keep calm in an earthquake. Keeping calm can help us make the right decisions to keep safe. 【详解】写作步骤 【第一步：审题立意】 确定文体：说明文，用一般现在时为主 明确要点：地震发生时，室内外应该和不应做的事，保持冷静的心态 确定人称：第一人称we/us为主，直接给出建议时，可以用第二人称you 注意事项：必须覆盖表格内的所有要点，词数不少于80词，不得出现真实姓名、学校等个人信息 【第二步：构思布局】 三段式结构： 开头段：引出话题，点明主旨 主体段：介绍地震发生时，在室内外应该做和不应该做的事 结尾段：提醒要冷静行动，呼应开头 【第三步：要点展开】 要点一：室内 Should do: hide under a desk/protect your head with hands/keep away from heavy furniture/crouch down low等 Shouldn’t do: run around wildly/push others/stand near glass doors等 要点二：室外 Should do: go to open spaces/keep away from power poles/protect your head等 Shouldn’t do: stay near billboards/go back into buildings/stay near glass structures等 要点三：心态 keep a cool head/don’t panic/keep your mind clear/try not to be afraid等 1．假如你是Lucy，昨天下午你所居住的地方遭遇了一场暴风雨。请给你的好友Lily写一封电子邮件。向她描述一下暴风雨来临时，你的家人（爸爸、妈妈、你、妹妹）都在做什么，以及暴风雨对你们的影响。 写作要求： （1）层次清晰，语言流畅； （2）词数在90~100之间，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； （3）书写规范，卷面整洁； （4）文中不能出现考生姓名和学校名称。 Dear Lily, Let me tell you something about the rainstorm yesterday afternoon. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Lucy 【答案】One possible version: Dear Lily, Let me tell you something about the rainstorm yesterday afternoon. At half past six yesterday afternoon, the rainstorm came. It felt like midnight. At that time, my family were doing different things. My father was looking through the newspaper in the living room. My mother was cooking dinner in the kitchen. My sister was reading a storybook. I was doing my English homework online. After the rainstorm, our neighbors helped each other in times of need. The rainstorm was so strong that it broke many things apart, but it brought families and neighbours closer than before. Yours, Lucy 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材： 电子邮件； ②时态：一般过去时（描述过去事件）； ③提示：需描述暴风雨来临时家人的活动及影响。 [写作步骤] 第一步：用过去进行时分别描述爸爸、妈妈、我、妹妹在暴风雨来临时的活动； 第二步：描写暴风雨的猛烈程度和家人的感受； 第三步：简述暴风雨的影响和结果，以现状收尾。 [亮点词汇] ①in case以防万一 ②poured heavily倾盆而下 ③lasted持续 [高分句型] ①My mother was preparing candles in case the power went out.(目的状语从句) ②Suddenly, the wind blew strongly and the rain poured heavily.(并列句) 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $