Unit 6 Across the Cultures补弱卷2025-2026学年人教版英语八年级下册

**基本信息** 本试卷为初中英语Unit 6 Across the Cultures补弱卷，聚焦跨文化主题，通过多样化题型巩固语言知识与文化理解，适配单元复习，助力提升语言能力与文化意识。 **题型特征** |题型|题量|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|----|----------|----------| |单词拼写|20题|词性转换（如culture→cultural）、反义词（rude→polite）|紧扣单元核心词汇，强化词形变化能力| |语法选择|6题|连词（unless/as soon as/so...that.../if）|创设美国做客情境，考查语法在实际交流中的应用| |完成句子|18题|跨文化礼仪表达（如“使用筷子”“指着别人不礼貌”）|融合文化场景，提升语言输出与情境应用能力| |完形填空|10题|不同国家习俗（日本鞠躬、巴西拥抱等）|以“入乡随俗”为主线，培养文化差异认知| |书面表达|1题|校园文明行为与助人经历|结合生活实际，综合考查语言组织与价值观表达|

Unit 6 Across the Cultures补弱卷 一、单词拼写 1．culture n. 文化→________ adj. 文化的 2．communicate v. 交流；沟通→________ n. 交流；沟通 3．embarrass v. (使) 尴尬，使为难→________ adj. 尴尬的；________ adj. 使人尴尬的 4．confuse v. 混淆，使迷糊→________ adj. 困惑的 (指人)；________ adj. 令人困惑的 (指物) 5．common adj. 共同的；常见的→________ adv. 通常地，普遍地；________ adj. 罕见的，不寻常的 6．rude adj. 粗鲁的→________ (反义词) 礼貌的 7．proper adj. 恰当的；正确的→________ adv. 恰当地 8．knife n. 小刀→________ (pl.) 9．important adj. 重要的→________ adv. 重要地 ________ n.重要性 10．surprise v. 使惊讶→________ adj. 令人惊奇的；________ adj. 感到惊奇的 11．patient adj. 耐心的→________ adv. 耐心地；________ n. 耐心 12．different adj. 不同的，有差异的→________ n. 差异 ________ adv.不同地 13．personal adj. 个人的→________ n. 人；________ n. 个性，性格 14．shake v. 摇动；与某人握手→________ (过去式)；________ (过去分词) 15．Germany n. 德国→________ adj. 德国人的；n. 德语；德国人 16．nicely adv. 漂亮地；令人愉快地→________ adj. 漂亮的；好心的 17．married adj. 已婚的；婚姻的→________ v. 结婚；娶；嫁 18．correctly adv. 正确地；恰当地→________ adj. 正确的；恰当的 19．unsafe adj. 不安全的；危险的→________ adj. 安全的 (反义词) 20．informal adj. 非正式的→________ adj. 正式的 (反义词) 二、语法选择。请选择适当的连词(unless/as soon as/so...that.../if)填空。 I know you’re going to have dinner at an American friend’s house tonight. Don’t worry! Let me share some tips with you. First, you should arrive on time. 21 you arrive too early, the host may still be getting things ready. It’s better to be a few minutes late. Second, bring a small gift 22 you know the host well. In the US, people often bring flowers or a bottle of wine. Third, table manners are 23 important 24 you should watch what others do. Hold the knife in your right hand and the fork in your left. 25 you feel confused, just follow what everyone else does. Finally, 26 the meal is over, remember to thank the host and say that the food was delicious. Americans really appreciate that! Enjoy your dinner! 三、按要求完成句子 27．关于如何使用筷子，有许多规则和传统。 There are many rules and traditions about how to ________ ________ . 28．在许多国家，指着别人是不礼貌的。It is ________ to ________ ________ people in many countries. 29．萨利刚才有点尴尬。Sally was ________ ________ ________ just now. 30．英国餐桌礼仪如此令人困惑，以至于我有点担心。 English table manners are ________ confusing ________ I’m a little worried. 31．除非主人要求，否则不要带食物。Don’t bring food ________ the host ________ you to. 32．你能告诉我使用刀叉的正确方法吗？ Could you tell me the ________ way ________ use a knife and fork? 33．如果你搞不清楚，就看看别人怎么做。 If you ________ ________, ________ ________ everyone else does. 34．吃完饭后，感谢主人并说所有东西都很好吃。 ________ ________ ________, thank the ________ and say that everything was delicious. 35．在日本，学生一见到老师就会鞠躬。 In Japan, students ________ ________ ________ ________ they meet a teacher. 36．英国的风俗习惯如此难以理解以至于我有点儿担心了。 English customs are ________ ________ ________ I’m a little worried. 37．期待你尽快回信！I’m ________ ________ ________ hearing from you soon! 38．我应该带礼物吗？Should I ________ ________ ________? 39．The cultural show was wonderful. I stopped to watch it. (用so…that…合并) The cultural show was ________ wonderful ________ I stopped to watch it. 40．We can know more about foreign friends. We can understand their culture. (用unless合并) We ________ know more about foreign friends ________ we understand their culture. 41．He started to learn Chinese paper‑cutting. He fell in love with it. (用as soon as改写) ________ ________ he started to learn Chinese paper‑cutting, he fell in love with it. 42．I will call you. I arrive in Shanghai. (合并为一句) I will call you ________ ________ ________ I arrive in Shanghai. 43．The box is so heavy that I can’t carry it. (改为简单句)The box is ________ heavy ________ me to carry. 44．He was reading English. His father came back. (合并为一个复合句) He was reading English ________ his father came back. 45．We never kiss cheeks because it’s not formal.(翻译成汉语) ________________________________________________________________________________________ 46．In China, it’s not polite to talk while your mouth is full.(翻译成汉语) ________________________________________________________________________________________ 47．It’s important to learn about different customs when visiting a foreign country. (翻译成汉语) _________________________________________________________________________________________ 48．在美国，第一次与人见面时，你应该握手。(when引导的时间状语从句) __________________________________________________________________________________________ 四、完形填空 When you visit a foreign country, it’s important to know about the local 49 . For example, in Japan, people usually 50 to greet each other instead of shaking hands. In Brazil, people are very 51 and often hug when they meet friends. In some European countries, you should 52 your shoes before entering someone’s home. It’s also 53 to bring a small gift, like flowers or chocolate, when you are invited to a dinner. When you are eating, you shouldn’t 54 your elbows on the table. It’s considered rude. Also, you should wait for the host to start eating 55 you begin. Don’t 56 the food if you don’t like it; you can just say “It’s delicious, but I’m full”. Learning these customs can help you 57 misunderstandings and make your trip more 58 . Remember the rule: When in Rome, do as the Romans do. 49．A．habits B．customs C．rules 50．A．bow B．hug C．shake 51．A．shy B．quiet C．outgoing 52．A．put on B．take off C．pick up 53．A．impolite B．strange C．polite 54．A．put B．make C．take 55．A．after B．before C．when 56．A．eat B．refuse C．accept 57．A．avoid B．have C．cause 58．A．difficult B．comfortable C．boring 五、选词填空从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文完整、通顺（每词限用一次）。 different, make, drink, when, easy, meal, they, have, an, to Food and drink cultures are 59 around the world. Let’s learn about some of them. In Japan, tea is 60 important part of their life. People 61 tea during the day. The tea ceremony is a special way to enjoy tea. It’s slow and peaceful. In France, people care about their 62 . They spend a long time eating. They talk and enjoy the food. It’s not easy 63 eat quickly. In Mexico, people like spicy food. They often eat with 64 hands. They also like 65 cola and coffee. In China, people usually have three meals a day. 66 eating, we should not make too much noise. We also like to drink tea. It’s important to know these different cultures. They help us 67 friends with people from other countries and live 68 . 六、阅读理解 A Learning good manners is important for children. It helps them make friends and live a happy life. Here are three books for parents to teach their kids about manners. Book Name Writer Age Main content Table Manners Jane White 4-6 Basic table rules, colorful pictures Daily Manners Mark Green 7-9 Polite ways to talk and act in daily life Manners Around the World Lisa Brown 10-12 Different customs in other countries, respect for others 69．Who is the book list for? A．Parents. B．Students. C．Teachers. 70．A 7-year-old kid can read ________. A．Table Manners B．Daily Manners C．Manners Around the World 71．What can we learn from Manners Around the World? A．How to eat politely. B．How to talk to others. C．Different customs in other countries. B What do you usually do before exams? Here are special customs in different places. In the US, students have different habits before exams. Some wear “lucky” clothes, like special socks, to bring good luck. Others do exercises or eat snacks that they think are lucky. I have a special pencil that I always use for exams. I believe it helps me do better. Ivana, 13, the US In Germany, we have some fun traditions before taking big exams. One is called “Abistreich”. Students play funny jokes on teachers and decorate the school in silly ways. We also make an “Abizeitung” — a yearbook with memories, jokes and pictures. These fun traditions make exam time special. Johanna, 14, Germany In the UK, there are many fun traditions before exams. In some countryside areas of England, people may see “wishing trees” with coins stuck into the bark (树皮). Students believe this will bring good luck. Also, some students avoid eating chicken before exams. They don’t want to be a chicken and get scared during the exam! Kevin, 12, the UK 72．What helps her do better in exams according to Ivana? A．Wearing lucky socks. B．Using a special pencil. C．Eating delicious snacks. 73．What is “Abizeitung” in Johanna’ s country? A．A funny joke. B．An old picture. C．A yearbook. 74．What might Kevin do for good luck before exams? A．Eat chicken and want to be it. B．Visit “wishing trees” with coins. C．Decorate the school in silly ways. C ① As more and more people travel around the world, it is necessary for them to know what to do in different countries and how to deal with cultural differences. Here are different cultures from three countries. ② Canadians are easy to get along with and they usually say hello to each other even if they are strangers. When men and women meet, women usually hold out their hands first. If a woman doesn’t want to shake hands, she can just nod and smile. If a man wears gloves, he should take them off before shaking hands. ③ Brazilians are very friendly and they always get ready to say hello to others. They stand very close to each other when speaking and may touch each other’s arms or backs. And if you go to a business meeting in Brazil, you are not expected to take a present. ④ When you meet Indians, it is important to say hello to the oldest person first. But you’d better not hold out your left hand when you say hello, because it is impolite. Also, many Indians are enthusiastic and they like to say hello actively and have a conversation with you when you travel in India. ⑤ Customs in different countries are like different flowers, forming a beautiful garden together. Learning to respect others’ ways is like giving a friendly smile. It can bring people’s hearts closer. 75．Match the countries with the customs and choose the right answer. ① India ② Canada ③ Brazil a. Men take off gloves before shaking hands. b. People stand very close when speaking. c. Greet the oldest person first. A．①-c; ②-b; ③-a B．①-b; ②-c; ③-a C．①-c; ②-a; ③-b 76．What does the underlined word “enthusiastic” mean? A．Warm. B．Shy. C．Rude. 77．What can we learn from the passage? A．Women in India usually hold out their hands first. B．People in Brazil needn’t take a gift to a business meeting. C．People in Brazil don’t often touch each other when speaking. 78．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． 七、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。 No matter where you go, no matter what you do, when you are in public places, following the rules of good manners is a must. How should we behave in public places? Here is some advice. Keep your voice down Don’t speak or laugh loudly. Remember that although you may be excited and want to voice your excitement, the people around you may not be interested in it at all. It’s polite to speak in a low voice. This includes laughing as well. Dress properly Dress in a way that is appropriate for the place that you are going to. If you are going to an event where people dress in a formal way, do the same. Do not wear blue jeans or a T-shirt to a dinner party. Follow table manners In Western countries, it’s not polite to pick up food with your hands. You should use a fork or a spoon. When you are in China, you shouldn’t start eating first if there are older people at the table. Using your phone while having a meal is also bad behavior. Protect public property (财产) Public facilities (设施) such as chairs, garbage cans, and public artworks are for everyone’s use and enjoyment. We should not damage them, for example, by carving on chairs or throwing garbage about. Taking good care of public property ensures that they can serve people for a long time. 79．Why should we keep our voice down in public places? 80．What shouldn’t we wear when going to a dinner party according to the passage? 81．What is impolite in Western countries according to the passage? 82．What should we do with public facilities? 83．In your opinion, what other rules should we follow in public places? Give an example. 八、书面表达 84．为号召全体学生讲究文明礼仪、主动帮助他人，共同营造文明、友善、和谐的校园氛围，学校将开展评选校园文明之星（School Civilised Star）活动。请你根据下图写一篇英文竞选演讲稿，参与此次评选。 your good manners in daily school life (at least two points) one of your experiences of helping others (who you helped; what you did; ...) your feelings about behaving politely and helping others 注意： 1．内容涵盖所有要点，可适当发挥； 2．词数不少于90，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3．文中不得出现真实的个人及学校信息。 Dear teachers and schoolmates, I’m very glad to run for the “School Civilised Star”. _____________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ I hope I can get your support and be a role model for everyone. Thank you for listening. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案 题号 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 答案 B A C B C A B B A B 题号 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 答案 A B C B C B C A C C 1．cultural 2．communication 3． embarrassed embarrassing 4． confused confusing 5． commonly uncommon 6．polite 7．properly 8．knives 9． importantly importance 10． surprising surprised 11． patiently patience 12． difference differently 13． person personality 14． shook shaken 15．German 16．nice 17．marry 18．correct 19．safe 20．formal 【解析】略 21．If 22．unless 23．so 24．that 25．If 26．as soon as 【导语】本文讲述了在美国朋友家做客时应注意的礼仪和注意事项。 21．句意：如果你到得太早，主人可能还在准备东西。根据“you arrive too early, the host may still be getting things ready”可知，如果到得太早，主人可能还在准备，应用if“如果”引导条件状语从句。句首首字母大写。 22．句意：第二，除非你很了解主人，否则带一份小礼物。根据“bring a small gift...you know the host well”可知，除非你很了解主人，否则带一份小礼物，应用unless“除非”引导条件状语从句。 23．句意：第三，餐桌礼仪很重要，你应该观察别人的做法。根据“table manners are...important...you should watch what others do”可知，餐桌礼仪如此重要，以至于你应该观察别人的做法，应用so...that...“如此……以至于……”引导结果状语从句。 24．句意：第三，餐桌礼仪很重要，你应该观察别人的做法。根据“table manners are...important...you should watch what others do”可知，餐桌礼仪如此重要，以至于你应该观察别人的做法，应用so...that...“如此……以至于……”引导结果状语从句。 25．句意：如果你感到困惑，就跟着其他人做。根据“you feel confused, just follow what everyone else does”可知，如果你感到困惑，就跟着其他人做，应用if“如果”引导条件状语从句。 26．句意：最后，一吃完饭，记得感谢主人，并说食物很好吃。根据“the meal is over, remember to thank the host and say that the food was delicious”可知，一吃完饭，记得感谢主人，应用as soon as“一……就……”引导时间状语从句。 27． use chopsticks 【详解】原文中“使用筷子”是关键词，表示“使用筷子”的英文是use chopsticks，是动词短语，how to后接动词原形。 28． impolite point at 【详解】原句中“不礼貌”和“指着”是关键词，表示“不礼貌”的形容词是impolite，表示指着的短语是point at。句子结构为“It’s+形容词+to do sth.”，所以point用动词原形。故填impolite；point；at。 29． a little embarrassed 【详解】原句中关键词是“有点”和“尴尬”，对应的常用英文短语与单词为“a little”和“embarrassed”。本句为一般过去时，a little可修饰形容词，表示“稍微、有点儿”；主语Sally指人，使用embarrassed形容人的内心感受，符合语境用法。故填a；little；embarrassed。 30． so that 31． unless asks 32． proper to 33． get confused watch what 34． After the meal host 【解析】30．原句中“如此……以至于……”是关键词，第一空后“confusing”是形容词，表达“如此……以至于”的搭配是“so…that…”。故填so；that。 31．原句中“除非”和“要求”，unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句，ask“要求”，动词原形，该句时态为一般现在时，主语“the host”是单数形式，谓语也要用单数形式，ask的单数形式是asks。故填unless；asks。 32．原句中“正确的”是关键词，表达“正确的”的形容词是proper，第二空应填入不定式to，与空格后“use a knife and fork”一同作后置定语，修饰名词way。故填proper；to。 33．原句中“搞不清楚”，“看看”和“怎么做”是关键词，表达“搞不清楚”的短语是get confused；watch“看看”，动词原形，位于句子开头提到祈使句；空格后句子“everyone else does”缺宾语，第四空应用what引导宾语从句，在句中作宾语。故填get；confused；watch；what。 34．原句中“吃完饭后”和“主人”是关键，表达“吃完饭后”的短语是after the meal，位于句首首字母要大写；表达“主人”的名词是host。故填After；the；meal；host。 35． bow as soon as 【详解】原句中“一……就……”是关键词，对应的英文结构为as soon as；“鞠躬”的英文为bow，句子描述一般情况，用一般现在时，主语students为复数，用bow即可。故填bow；as；soon；as。 36． so confusing that 【详解】原句中“如此难以理解以至于”是关键词，“so+adj./adv.+that...”表示“如此……以至于……” 。在本句中，confusing是形容词，意为“令人困惑的”，用来描述English customs，说明英国的风俗习惯是令人难以理解的，符合“so+形容词+that...”结构，应填so；confusing；that。 37． looking forward to 【详解】原句中“期待”是关键词，“期待”对应的英文常用表达是“look forward to”，“am”后接动词的现在分词构成现在进行时，所以这里用“look”的现在分词“looking”。 38． bring a gift 【详解】原句中“带礼物”是关键词，“带”对应的英文单词是“bring”，“礼物”对应的英文单词是“gift”，“a”是不定冠词，用于修饰可数名词单数“gift”。 39． so that 【详解】句意：文化表演非常精彩。我停下来看它。前半句陈述演出很精彩，后半句是由此产生的结果，要用固定句型so…that…表达“如此……以至于……”，so修饰形容词wonderful，that引导结果状语从句。 40． can’t unless 【详解】句意：我们可以更多地了解外国朋友。我们可以理解他们的文化。unless意为“除非”，引导条件状语从句，表达“除非……否则不能……”的逻辑。合并后句子表达“除非我们理解他们的文化，否则我们无法更多地了解外国朋友”。故填can’t；unless。 41． As soon as 【详解】句意：他开始学习中国剪纸。他爱上了它。用“as soon as”连接两个句子，意为“一……就……”，放在句首时首字母大写。 42． as soon as 【详解】句意：我会给你打电话的。我抵达上海。根据句意可以合并为一句“我一到上海就会给你打电话”，as soon as“一……就”引导时间状语从句。 43． too for 【详解】句意：这个箱子太重了，我搬不动它。so...that可转换为too...for sb to do，表示“对某人来说太……而不能……”。 44．when 【详解】句意：他正在读英语。他爸爸回来了。分析句子可知，原句中“他正在读英语”和“爸爸回来”两个动作是过去同时发生的，“came”是非延续性动词，此处用when引导时间状语从句。 45．我们从不亲吻脸颊，因为它不正式。 【详解】We never kiss cheeks可翻译为“我们从不亲吻脸颊”，在句中作主句。其中We是主语，never kiss是谓语，cheeks是宾语； because it's not formal可翻译为“因为它不正式”，在句中作原因状语从句，formal意为“正式的”，在从句中作表语； kiss cheeks是固定表达，意为“亲吻脸颊”。故填：我们从不亲吻脸颊，因为那样不够正式。 46．在中国，嘴里有食物时说话是不礼貌的。 【详解】In China“在中国”；it’s not polite“是不礼貌的”；to talk“说话”；while“当……时”；your mouth is full“嘴里有食物（嘴巴是满的）”。故填：在中国，嘴里有食物时说话是不礼貌的。 47．当访问外国时，了解不同的习俗是很重要的。 【详解】“It's important to learn about different customs when visiting a foreign country.”译为：当访问外国时，了解不同的习俗是很重要的。其中“It's important to do sth”是固定句型，意为“做某事是重要的”，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式to learn about different customs；“learn about”意为“了解”；“different customs”意为“不同的习俗”；“when visiting a foreign country”是“when you are visiting a foreign country”的省略形式，在句中作时间状语，意为“当访问外国时”。 48．In the US, you should shake hands when you meet someone for the first time. 【详解】“在美国，第一次与人见面时，你应该握手。”译为In the US, you should shake hands when you meet someone for the first time。本句描述客观的社交规范，时态应用一般现在时。“在美国”译为In the US；“你应该握手”译为you should shake hands，作主句；“第一次与人见面时”需使用when引导的时间状语从句，译为when you meet someone for the first time。主句中情态动词should后接动词原形shake；从句中主语为you，谓语动词使用原形meet。 49．B 50．A 51．C 52．B 53．C 54．A 55．B 56．B 57．A 58．B 【导语】本文介绍了不同国家的见面、做客和餐桌礼仪，告诉我们出国旅行时要了解当地习俗，做到入乡随俗。 【详解】49．句意：当你去国外旅行时，了解当地的习俗很重要。 后文讲的是各国见面礼仪、做客礼仪等社交习惯，customs特指“（社会）习俗、礼仪”，是全文的核心主题，且文末也出现了these customs呼应。habits“个人习惯”、rules“规则”，均不符合“各国社交礼仪”的语境。 50．句意：例如在日本，人们通常鞠躬互相问候，而不是握手。 bow意为“鞠躬”，是日本传统的见面礼仪，符合后文“instead of shaking hands‘而非握手’”的语境，契合日本社交礼仪的常识。hug“拥抱”、shake“摇晃”不符合日本礼仪。 51．句意：在巴西，人们很外向，见到朋友时经常拥抱。 outgoing意为“外向的、开朗的”，和后文“often hug when they meet friends”的热情行为完全对应，符合巴西人的性格特点。shy“害羞的”、quiet“安静的”，均与“见面拥抱”的热情行为矛盾，不符合语境。 52．句意：在一些欧洲国家，进入别人家前你应该脱掉鞋子。 take off表示“脱下（衣物、鞋）”，符合“进门脱鞋”的礼仪。put on“穿上”语义完全相反；pick up“捡起”与“脱鞋”的动作无关，不符合文意。 53．句意：当你被邀请去吃晚餐时，带一份小礼物（比如花或巧克力）也是礼貌的。 带礼物是礼貌行为，polite“礼貌的”符合语境。impolite“不礼貌的”、strange“奇怪的”语义不符合礼仪逻辑。 54．句意：吃饭时，你不应该把胳膊肘放在桌子上。 put...on the table意为“把……放在桌子上”，符合“吃饭时胳膊肘不能搭在桌上”的餐桌礼仪常识，契合语境。make“制作”、take“拿走”均无法构成符合文意的搭配，不符合语境。 55．句意：而且，在你开始吃之前，应该等主人先开动。 西方餐桌礼仪要求等主人先动手，before“在……之前”，符合逻辑。after“在……之后”逻辑完全相反；when“当……时”均无法体现“先等主人、再自己开动”的先后顺序，不符合礼仪逻辑。 56．句意：如果你不喜欢食物，不要拒绝；你可以说“很美味，但我饱了”。 后文给出了委婉拒绝的说法，说明不能直接拒绝食物，refuse“拒绝”符合语境。eat“吃”、accept“接受”语义完全相反，不符合文意。 57．句意：学习这些习俗可以帮你避免误解，并且让你的旅行更加舒适。 avoid misunderstandings “避免误解”，符合“入乡随俗、了解当地习俗”的目的，契合语境。have“有”、 cause“导致”语义完全相反，不符合文意。 58．句意：学习这些习俗可以帮你避免误解，并且让你的旅行更加舒适。 入乡随俗能让旅行更顺利、减少尴尬，comfortable意为“舒适的、愉快的”，符合语境。difficult“困难的”、boring“无聊的”语义完全相反，不符合文意。 59．different 60．an 61．drink 62．meals 63．to 64．their 65．to have/having 66．When 67．make/to make 68．easily 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界各地不同的饮食文化，包括日本、法国、墨西哥和中国等国家的饮食特点及相关礼仪。 59．句意：世界各地的饮食文化是不同的。根据语境及所给单词可知，此处表达饮食文化有差异，“different”表示“不同的”，符合语境。 60．句意：在日本，茶是他们生活中重要的一部分。“part”是可数名词单数，且“important”以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词“an”表示“一个”。 61．句意：人们在白天喝茶。根据前文提到茶在日本生活中的重要性，以及所给单词可知，此处是说人们“喝”茶，“drink”表示“喝”，句子是一般现在时，主语“People”是复数，动词用原形。 62．句意：在法国，人们很在意他们的餐食。根据后文“They spend a long time eating.”可知，此处说的是他们很在意吃饭这件事，“meal”表示“餐食”，此处用复数形式“meals”表示泛指。 63．句意：快速吃饭是不容易的。此处考查固定句型“It’s+adj.+to do sth.”，表示“做某事是……的”，应用动词不定式to。 64．句意：他们经常用他们的手吃饭。根据语境及所给单词可知，此处表示“他们的”手，“they”的形容词性物主代词是“their”。 65．句意：他们也喜欢喝可乐和咖啡。根据语境可知，此处表示“喝”，应用动词have，like to do/doing sth“喜欢做某事”，应用to have或having。 66．句意：当吃饭的时候，我们不应该制造太多噪音。根据语境及所给单词可知，此处需要一个连词引导时间状语从句，“when”表示“当……时候”，符合语境。句首首字母大写。 67．句意：它们帮助我们与来自其他国家的人交朋友，并且轻松地生活。help sb. (to) do sth. 意为“帮助某人做某事”，此处需填动词原形。“make”与friends构成固定搭配make friends with，意为“与……交朋友”。应用(to) make。 68．句意：它们帮助我们与来自其他国家的人交朋友，并且轻松地生活。此处需要一个副词，修饰动词“live”。根据语境可知，这里描述的是了解不同文化有助于“轻松地”生活，应用easy的副词形式easily。 69．A 70．B 71．C 【导语】本文为家长推荐了适合不同年龄儿童的礼仪书。 69．第一段明确指出“Here are three books for parents to teach their kids about manners”，下列三本书是推荐给父母的。 70．根据“Daily Manners Mark Green 7-9 Polite ways to talk and act in daily life”，可知七岁孩子可以阅读《日常礼仪》。 71．由“Manners Around the World Lisa Brown 10-12 Different customs in other countries, respect for others”可知，《世界礼仪》这本书主要介绍世界各地的习俗。 72．B 73．C 74．B 【导语】本文通过来自美国、德国和英国的三位学生的讲述，介绍了不同国家学生在考试前的特殊习俗和习惯。 72．第一段Ivana的讲述中提到：“I have a special pencil that I always use for exams. I believe it helps me do better.”，说明Ivana认为帮助她在考试中表现更好的是使用一支特殊的铅笔。 73．第二段Johanna的讲述中提到：“We also make an ‘Abizeitung’ — a yearbook with memories, jokes and pictures.”，表明在Johanna的国家，“Abizeitung”是一本带有回忆、笑话和图片的年鉴。 74．第三段Kevin的讲述中提到：“In some countryside areas of England, people may see ‘wishing trees’ with coins stuck into the bark. Students believe this will bring good luck.”，说明Kevin在考试前可能会去看带有硬币的“许愿树”来祈求好运。 75．C 76．A 77．B 78．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍加拿大、巴西、印度三个国家的见面礼仪与习俗，告诉我们在出国旅行时要了解并尊重不同国家的文化差异。 【详解】75．第二段指出加拿大习俗：“If a man wears gloves, he should take them off before shaking hands”，对应a；第三段指出巴西习俗：“They stand very close to each other when speaking”，对应b；第四段指出印度习俗：“it is important to say hello to the oldest person first”，对应c。因此①-c，②-a，③-b。 76．第四段提到：“Also, many Indians are enthusiastic and they like to say hello actively and have a conversation with you when you travel in India”，由“主动问好、与人交谈”可推知，该词意为热情的。 77．第三段指出：“And if you go to a business meeting in Brazil, you are not expected to take a present”，这直接说明巴西人参加商务会议不必带礼物。 78．第一段总起引出不同国家文化差异，第二、三、四段分别介绍加拿大、巴西、印度的习俗，第五段总结尊重文化差异的意义。文章结构为①总—②③④分—⑤总的总分总结构。 79．Because the people around us may not be interested in our loud speaking or laughing. 80．We shouldn’t wear blue jeans or a T-shirt. 81．Picking up food with our hands. 82．We should take good care of public facilities ( and not damage them). 83．We should wait in line. For example, wait in line when we take the bus. (合理即可) 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在公共场所应遵守的礼仪规范，从保持低声交谈、着装得体、餐桌礼仪、爱护公共设施等方面给出了具体建议，引导人们养成文明的公共行为习惯。 79．根据“Keep your voice down”部分：“the people around you may not be interested in it at all. It’s polite to speak in a low voice.”说明在公共场所压低声音，是因为周围的人可能并不想听你的大声交谈/欢笑，保持低声是一种礼貌，避免打扰他人。故填Because the people around us may not be interested in our loud speaking or laughing. 80．根据“Dress properly”部分：“Do not wear blue jeans or a T-shirt to a dinner party.”直接明确说明参加晚宴时不应该穿牛仔裤或T恤。故填We shouldn’t wear blue jeans or a T-shirt. 81．根据“Follow table manners”部分：“In Western countries, it’s not polite to pick up food with your hands.”同时结合后文“Using your phone while having a meal is also bad behavior”，也属于餐桌礼仪的不礼貌行为，但核心针对西方国家的是“用手抓食物”。故填Picking up food with our hands. 82．根据“Protect public property”部分：“We should not damage them, for example, by carving on chairs or throwing garbage about. Taking good care of public property ensures that they can serve people for a long time.”说明我们应该爱护公共设施，不破坏、不涂鸦、不乱扔垃圾，好好维护它们，让它们能长期为大家服务。故填We should take good care of public facilities ( and not damage them). 83．这是开放性问题，需要结合公共礼仪补充合理的规则并举例。故填We should wait in line. For example, wait in line when we take the bus. （答案不唯一，观点合理、符合公共场所礼仪即可） 84．Sample: Dear teachers and schoolmates, I’m very glad to run for the “School Civilised Star”. I always mind my manners in daily school life. First, I never forget to greet my teachers and classmates whenever I meet them. Second, I seldom talk loudly or run in the hallways after class. Instead, I keep my voice down and follow the school rules all the time. I’m also ready to give others a helping hand. Last month, one of my classmates was ill and absent from school for three days. I shared my notes and helped her with her studies patiently when she came back. Seeing the smile on her face made me feel pleased. To me, good manners and helping others can build a warmer and better school. I believe that these small acts can make a big difference. I hope I can get your support and be a role model for everyone. Thank you for listening. 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意]    确定文体：演讲稿（应用文），以一般现在时为主，叙述帮助他人的经历用一般过去时 明确要点：①校园日常生活中的良好礼貌行为（至少两点） ②一次帮助他人的经历（帮助对象、所做的事） ③对礼貌待人、乐于助人的个人感受 确定人称：第一人称（I/my） 注意事项：内容涵盖所有要点、词数≥90词、不出现真实个人及学校信息、使用给定开头和结尾    [第二步：构思布局] 四段式结构    开头段：使用题目给出的固定开头，点明竞选“校园文明之星” 主体第一段：介绍日常校园里的礼貌行为（两点） 主体第二段：讲述自己一次帮助同学的具体经历 结尾段：表达个人感悟，升华文明友善的主题，使用题目给出的固定结尾    [第三步：要点展开]    要点一：日常校园礼貌行为    行为1：greet teachers and classmates/行为2：keep voice down、follow school rules、not talk loudly or run in hallways/行为3：queue up when buying food or borrowing books/行为4：try to be quiet and tidy in public areas of our school等 要点二：一次帮助他人的经历    具体做法：shared my notes and helped her with her studies patiently/cheered her up when she felt worried about falling behind/spent my spare time helping her catch up with lessons等 要点三：个人感受    感悟：good manners and helping others can build a warmer and better school/small acts can make a big difference/make me proud and happy to spread warmth around me/believe small kindnesses can light up our school life等 答案第1页，共2页 答案第1页，共2页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $