期末考复习之语法填空（天津专用）-【题型易-考前特训】2025-2026学年八年级下学期英语 天津期末考 必考题型 仿真模拟（外研版）

**基本信息** 聚焦初中英语核心语法，通过12篇语境化语篇实现语法知识综合应用训练，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |综合语法应用|12篇语篇（120空）|语境化语法填空，每空1-3词，考查词形转换（如名词复数、副词）、语法规则（时态、语态、介词）|覆盖动词时态语态、代词、介词等核心语法点，通过自然、人物、社会生活等多样主题构建语法应用场景，体现从基础规则到语境应用的逻辑链条|

考前特训 期末考 语法填空 仿真模拟 考前特训（天津专用） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 测 试 范 围 Unit 1 Career talks Unit 4 Helping out Unit 2 Growing pains and gains Unit 5 Looking into nature Unit 3 What makes a great team? Unit 6 Living with nature Passage 1 阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式(每空最多不超过三个单词)。 The Yellow River is the second-longest river in China. It is known 1 the mother river of the Chinese. It 2 (start) in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It runs through nine provinces before 3 (enter) the sea. In ancient times, the river 4 (bring) both life and problems. In flood seasons, it often broke 5 (it) banks, while in dry seasons, it sometimes dried up, affecting farming. So people started to find ways to manage it. Yu the Great, instead of blocking floods, dug canals (运河) to guide water away. Later, embankments (堤坝) 6 (build) to control the flow. During the Ming Dynasty, Pan Jixun used narrower embankments to wash away sediment (泥沙) 7 (quick). In modern times, water projects have been built to store water and produce electricity. Environmental protection has also been strengthened, such as planting 8 (tree) to reduce soil loss. For over twenty years, the Yellow River has not dried up, and some fish have returned. The story of the Yellow River teaches us the 9 (important) of living in peace with nature. It shows how people can solve problems with wisdom 10 hard work. Today, we must continue to protect this great river for the future. 【答案】 1. as 2. starts 3. entering 4. brought 5. its 6. were built 7. quickly 8. trees 9. importance 10. and 【导语】本文介绍了黄河的基本情况、历史上的水患与治理、现代水利工程与环保措施，以及黄河治理带给我们的启示。 【详解】1. 句意：它被誉为中华民族的母亲河。“be known as”为固定短语，意为“被称为”，故填as。 2. 句意：它发源于青藏高原。描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语It为第三人称单数，start的第三人称单数为starts。 3. 句意：它流经九个省份后入海。介词before后接动名词作宾语，enter的动名词为entering。 4. 句意：在古代，这条河既带来生命也带来问题。描述过去的情况，用一般过去时，bring的过去式为brought。 5. 句意：在洪水季节，它经常决堤。修饰名词banks，需用形容词性物主代词，it的对应词为its。 6. 句意：后来，人们修建了堤坝来控制水流。主语embankments与build之间为被动关系，且描述过去的情况，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，故填were built。 7. 句意：潘季驯使用更窄的堤坝来快速冲刷泥沙。修饰动词wash away，需用副词，quick的副词为quickly。 8. 句意：例如种植树木以减少水土流失。tree为可数名词，此处用复数形式表示泛指，故填trees。 9. 句意：黄河的故事教会我们与自然和平共处的重要性。the后接名词，important的名词为importance。 10. 句意：它展示了人们如何用智慧和努力解决问题。wisdom与hard work为并列关系，用and连接。 Passage 2 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hongze Lake is in the west of Jiangsu Province. It is the fourth 1 (large) freshwater lake in China. Hongze Lake has a long history. It was a small group of shallow lakes in the past, and was known as Fuling Lake. In the Tang Dynasty, it 2 (get) the name Hongze Lake. As time went by, the small lake 3 (final) turned into Hongze Lake. There are many 4 (kind) of fishes in Hongze Lake. Hongze Lake is also famous for 5 (it) plants. Reeds (芦苇) almost cover the whole lake here. 6 the large-area reeds may even prevent boats from 7 (get) through. In the northwest of Hongze Lake, there is a nature reserve (自然保护区) called National Nature Reserve of Hongze Lake Wetland. The government started to build it 8 July 1st, 1985. The reserve has 9 area of 49,365 hectares (公顷). It is the home to many birds. There are swans, cranes and other national first-and second-class rare and protected birds here. Every year, a lot of tourists come here 10 (watch) these birds. And many wildlife lovers come to take photos. 【答案】 1. largest 2. got 3. finally 4. kinds 5. its 6. So 7. getting 8. on 9. an 10. to watch 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕洪泽湖展开，介绍了它的地理位置、历史演变、生态资源以及洪泽湖湿地国家级自然保护区的情况。 【详解】1. 句意：它是中国第四大淡水湖。固定搭配“the+序数词+形容词最高级”表示“第几……的”，large的最高级为largest。 2. 句意：在唐代，它得名洪泽湖。时间状语“In the Tang Dynasty”表示过去，用一般过去时，get的过去式为got。 3. 句意：随着时间的推移，这些小湖泊最终变成了洪泽湖。修饰动词turned需用副词，final的副词形式为finally。 4. 句意：洪泽湖里有很多种鱼。many kinds of为固定搭配，表示“各种各样的”，kind的复数形式为kinds。 5. 句意：洪泽湖也因它的植物而闻名。修饰名词plants需用形容词性物主代词，it的形容词性物主代词为its。 6. 句意：芦苇几乎覆盖了整个湖面，所以大片的芦苇甚至可能会阻碍船只通过。前后句为因果关系，用连词So，句首首字母大写。 7. 句意：芦苇几乎覆盖了整个湖面，所以大片的芦苇甚至可能会阻碍船只通过。固定搭配prevent...from doing sth.表示“阻止……做某事”，get需变为动名词getting。 8. 句意：政府于1985年7月1日开始建造它。“July 1st, 1985”是具体日期，具体日期前用介词on。 9. 句意：该保护区面积为49365公顷。固定搭配have an area of表示“面积为……”，填不定冠词an。 10. 句意：每年，很多游客来这里观看这些鸟。此处用不定式作目的状语，表示“来这里的目的是观看”，watch的不定式为to watch。 Passage 3 Nature is full of wonders. Every day, we 1 (discover) new things about the world around us. Coral reefs, for example, are home to millions of marine creatures. But now, they 2 (face) great danger. Climate change 3 (cause) the ocean temperature to rise. As a result, many corals are turning white and dying. Pollution is another big problem. Factories and farms are pouring waste into the ocean, which 4 (harm) the coral polyps. Overfishing also destroys the balance of the marine ecosystem. We must 5 (take) action to protect coral reefs. We can save energy to reduce carbon emissions. We can also 6 (avoid) using plastic products. Scientists 7 (research) ways to help corals adapt to the changing environment. With everyone’s effort, coral reefs 8 (survive) for future generations. In fact, protecting coral reefs is protecting ourselves. They 9 (provide) us with food and protect the coastline from storms. Let’s work together to keep these natural wonders 10 (live). 【答案】 1. discover 2. are facing 3. is causing 4. harms 5. take 6. avoid 7. are researching 8. will survive 9. provide 10. alive 【导语】本文主要介绍了珊瑚礁面临的危机、成因及保护措施，呼吁人们共同保护珊瑚礁这一自然奇观。 【详解】1. 句意：每天，我们都在发现关于周围世界的新事物。主语we是复数，时间状语“Every day”表示经常性动作，句子用一般现在时，谓语动词用原形。 2. 句意：但现在，它们正面临巨大的危险。时间状语now表示当前正在发生的动作，句子用现在进行时，结构为“be + doing”，主语they是复数，be动词用are，face的现在分词为facing。 3. 句意：气候变化正导致海洋温度上升。句子描述正在持续发生的过程，用现在进行时。主语“Climate change”是不可数名词，be动词用is，cause的现在分词为causing。 4. 句意：工厂和农场向海洋排放废物，这会伤害珊瑚虫。句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，which指代前面的句子内容，为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式harms。 5. 句意：我们必须采取行动保护珊瑚礁。情态动词must后接动词原形。 6. 句意：我们也可以避免使用塑料制品。 情态动词can后接动词原形。 7. 句意：科学家们正在研究帮助珊瑚适应环境变化的方法。句子描述当前正在进行的动作，用现在进行时，主语Scientists是复数，be动词用are，research的现在分词为researching。 8. 句意：在大家的努力下，珊瑚礁将为后代而生存下去。后半句“for future generations”表明是对未来的展望，用一般将来时，结构为“will + 动词原形”。 9. 句意：它们为我们提供食物，并保护海岸线免受风暴侵袭。句子描述珊瑚礁的客观功能，用一般现在时，主语They是复数，谓语动词用原形provide。 10. 句意：让我们共同努力，让这些自然奇观保持生机。“keep sth. + adj.”表示“使某物保持某种状态”，live的形容词形式为alive“活着的，有生机的”。 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或填入括号内单词的正确形式。 Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist. Known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines(核潜艇)”, he gave all his life to the 1 (develop) of advanced technology for China. Born in 1926, he joined a secret team in 1958 to design China’s 2 (one) nuclear submarine. At that time, the task seemed almost 3 (possible) because of many difficulties. For many years, Huang 4 (work) day and night. He and other scientists did a lot of research, and they often stayed up late 5 (solve) problems. Their hard work finally 6   (success)in 1970 when China launched(使下水)its first nuclear submarine. This was a great moment for China. Huang’s family knew nothing about 7 (he) work for nearly 30 years. Though he missed many family events, he felt 8 (pride) to serve our country. In 2019, he was honoured with the Medal of the Republic, China’s 9 (high) honour for his great contributions(贡献). All of us are moved by Huang’s story. Chinese people, 10 (especial) the young, will remember him forever. 【答案】 1. development 2. first 3. impossible 4. worked 5. to solve 6. succeeded 7. his 8. proud 9. highest 10. especially 【导语】短文介绍了 “中国核潜艇之父” 黄旭华，他隐姓埋名三十年，为我国核潜艇事业奉献一生，最终荣获共和国勋章的故事。 【详解】1. 句意：他一生致力于中国先进技术的发展。空前有定冠词，定冠词后需接名词，故将动词“develop”变为名词“development”，构成固定句型“the development of”，故填development。 2. 句意：1958年，他加入一个秘密团队，设计中国第一艘核潜艇。表示“第一艘”的内容，需要用序数词，将基数词one变为序数词first，故填first。 3. 句意：当时，由于诸多困难，这项任务似乎几乎不可能完成。语境表示“几乎不可能”，需用possible的反义词，在前面直接加im，故填impossible。 4. 句意：多年来，黄旭华日夜工作。空前“For many years”表示是过去的时间，用一般过去时，work的一般过去时在后面直接加ed，故填worked。 5. 句意：他和其他科学家做了大量研究，经常熬夜解决问题。不定式作状语，表目的，故填to solve。 6. 句意：1970年，中国第一艘核潜艇下水，他们的努力终于成功了。空后“in 1970”说明是过去的时间，所以要用过去式，success为名词形式，需变为动词形式succeed并加ed，故填succeeded。 7. 句意：近30年来，他的家人对他的工作一无所知。空处单词修饰后面名词work，需用形容词性物主代词，故填his。 8. 句意：尽管错过了很多家庭活动，但他为报效祖国感到自豪。空前“feel”作为感官动词，后需接形容词作表语，名词pride的形容词性为proud，故填proud。 9. 句意：2019年，他因巨大贡献被授予共和国勋章——中国的最高荣誉。空处需用形容词最高级，在后面直接加est，故填highest。 10. 句意：所有中国人，尤其是年轻人，将永远铭记他。需要用副词，表示“尤其是”，故填especially。 Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Around 1947, some boys were taking care of their goats (山羊) in the desert near the Dead Sea. One of the boys climbed up 1 hill to look for a missing goat. He saw a cave and thought the goat was inside, so he 2 (throw) a rock into the cave to make it come out. The rock made a strange sound inside the cave. It sounded 3 something breaking, so the boys went into the cave to look. 4 (lucky), the rock did not hit the goat. Instead, it hit one large box. Inside the box, the boys discovered seven very old scrolls (卷轴) with words on 5 (they). The boys thought the scrolls might be something important, 6 they were right. Researchers later found out that the scrolls were from about 2,000 years ago. People looked in many other caves nearby 7 (look) for more scrolls. Over time, people found more than 600 scrolls in eleven different caves. Researchers think that these are some of 8 (old) writings in the world. Many researchers study these ancient 9 (treasure) even today. The scrolls give us a window into the past. 10 happened long ago? Maybe we can understand one day. 【答案】 1. a 2. threw 3. like 4. Luckily 5. them 6. and 7. to look 8. the oldest 9. treasures 10. What 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了1947年几个男孩在死海附近的沙漠放羊时，无意中发现了一个洞穴，里面藏有古老的卷轴，这些卷轴后来被证实是约2000年前的珍贵文献，成为研究古代历史的重要窗口。 1. 句意：其中一个男孩爬上一座小山去寻找一只走失的山羊。原文“One of the boys climbed up…hill to look for a missing goat.”中，“hill”是可数名词单数，且这里是第一次提到这座山，不是特指某一座已知的山，因此需要用不定冠词“a”表示“一座”。 2. 句意：他看见一个山洞，以为山羊在里面，他朝洞里扔了一块石头，想让山羊出来。故事发生在1947年，全文叙述过去的事件，“throw”的过去式为“threw”。 3. 句意：声音听起来像是有什么东西碎了，于是男孩们走进山洞去看。“sound like”是固定短语，意为“听起来像”。 4. 句意：幸运的是，石头没有砸到山羊。副词“luckily”修饰整个句子，表示“幸运地”。 5. 句意：在箱子里，男孩们发现了七卷非常古老的卷轴，上面有文字。介词“on”后需要人称代词宾格。故填them。 6. 句意：男孩们认为这些卷轴可能很重要，他们是对的。原文“The boys thought the scrolls might be something important…they were right.”前后两个分句是顺承关系，因此用并列连词“and”连接。 7. 句意：人们在附近的其他洞穴中寻找更多的卷轴。此处表示目的，用不定式结构，故填to look。 8. 句意：研究人员认为这些是世界上最古老的一些文献。“in the world”是比较范围，用最高级形式，形容词“old”的最高级为“oldest”，前面必须加定冠词“the”。 9. 句意：许多研究人员至今仍在研究这些古代珍宝。“these”后接可数名词复数。“treasure”意为“珍宝”，可数名词，复数形式为“treasures”。 10. 句意：很久以前发生了什么？“…happened long ago?”中，空格处需要疑问代词作主语，询问发生了什么，用What。 Passage 6 Anger is a kind of feeling. When your teacher gives you too much homework, when your team loses 1 important game, when a friend borrows your favourite thing and then 2 (break) it, you may get really angry. Usually, your body will tell you when you are angry. For example, you will breathe 3 (fast) than before or your face turns red. But sometimes, you hide (隐藏) your anger 4 (quiet). For example, you may hide it 5 your heart. The problem is that 6 you do this, you may get a headache or your stomach may hurt. In fact, it’s not good to hide your anger. But anger must be let out in the right way, without hurting others or 7 (you). When you get angry, you can talk about it with other people. It’s 8 (help) to talk about your anger with an adult, such as parents, a teacher, etc. When you talk about anger, those bad 9 (feeling) can start to go away. Here 10 (be) some other things you can do when you start to feel angry: talk to a good friend or count from 1 to 100. 【答案】 1. an 2. breaks 3. faster 4. quietly 5. in 6. if/when 7. yourself 8. helpful 9. feelings 10. are 【导语】本文介绍了愤怒这种情绪，包括引发愤怒的情形、愤怒时身体的表现、隐藏愤怒的危害，以及正确释放愤怒的方式和处理愤怒情绪的建议等。 1. 句意：当你老师布置太多作业，当你所在的球队输掉一场重要比赛时‌。此处泛指“一场重要的比赛”，important是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an。 2. 句意：当一个朋友借了你最喜欢的东西然后弄坏了它时，你可能会非常生气。and连接并列谓语，主语a friend是第三人称单数，描述一般情况用一般现在时，所以谓语动词break要变为第三人称单数形式breaks。 3. 句意：例如，你会比之前呼吸得更快，或者你的脸会变红。由than可知，此处是比较级，要把fast变为比较级faster，表示“呼吸得比之前更快”。 4. 句意：但有时候，你会悄悄地隐藏自己的愤怒。这里是修饰动词hide，需要用副词，quiet的副词形式是quietly，表示“默默地隐藏怒气”。 5. 句意：例如，你可能会把它藏在心里。固定搭配in your heart表示“在心里”，符合语境，所以填in。 6. 句意：问题是，如果你这样做，你可能会头痛或胃痛。结合语境，此处引导时间或条件状语从句，表示“当……时”或者“如果”，可以用when或者if。 7. 句意：但愤怒必须以正确的方式发泄出来，既不伤害他人，也不伤害自己。此处作介词without的宾语，与others并列，指代“你自己”，所以用反身代词yourself。 8. 句意：与成年人，比如父母、老师等，谈论你的愤怒是很有帮助的。符合固定结构“It is + 形容词 + to do sth.”，此处要把动词help变为形容词helpful，表示“有帮助的”。 9. 句意：当你谈论愤怒时，那些不好的感觉就会开始消失。those后接可数名词复数，feeling的复数形式是feelings。 10. 句意：当你开始感到愤怒时，还可以做一些其他事情：和一个好朋友谈谈，或者从1数到100。here引导的倒装句，主语some other things为复数，描述一般情况用一般现在时，be动词用are。 Passage 7 根据下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last Saturday, our community 1 (organize) a “Second hand Fair” at the community centre. The activity was planned by 2 (volunteer) from the neighborhood, including my mom. The purpose of the fair was to help kids in mountain areas buy books. For two weeks before the event, 3 (collect) old toys, clothes and books became everyone’s hobby. My sister and I cleaned 4 (color) dolls and a storybook with 5 (we) own hands. On the day of the fair, the square was full 6 neighbors. Aunt Li sold her hand-knitted scarves, 7 Grandpa Wang put out used chess sets. I stood 8 (happy) by our stall, shouting, “These dolls are soft—they’ll make kids smile!” By noon, most things were sold. The successful fair 9 (raise) over 2,000 yuan! Mrs Zhang, the community leader, said, “This isn’t just about money—it’s about building a warm home together. ” Next month, we will share 10 photos of the mountain kids who got the books. I can’t wait to see how our community love travels far! 【答案】 1. organized 2. volunteers 3. collecting 4. colorful 5. our 6. of 7. and 8. happily 9. raised 10. the 【导语】本文讲述了上星期六，社区在社区中心组织了一次“二手集市”活动，目的是帮助山区孩子买书，活动很成功，集市筹集了2000多元，下个月还会分享收到书的山区孩子的照片。 1. 句意：上星期六，我们社区在社区中心组织了一次“二手集市”。根据“Last Saturday”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，所以这里用organize的过去式organized。 2. 句意：这次活动是由附近的志愿者计划的，包括我的妈妈。“volunteer”是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词修饰，所以用复数形式volunteers。 3. 句意：在活动前的两周里，收集旧玩具、衣服和书籍成了每个人的爱好。“collect”在这里作主语，应用动名词形式collecting。 4. 句意：我和妹妹亲手清洗了色彩鲜艳的玩偶和一本故事书。“dolls”是名词，前面要用形容词修饰，color的形容词形式是colorful，意为“色彩鲜艳的”。 5. 句意：我和妹妹亲手清洗了色彩鲜艳的玩偶和一本故事书。“own hands”是名词短语，前面要用形容词性物主代词修饰，we的形容词性物主代词是our。 6. 句意：集市那天，广场上挤满了邻居。“be full of”是固定短语，意为“充满”，所以这里填of。 7. 句意：李阿姨卖她手工编织的围巾，王爷爷拿出用过的棋盘。“Aunt Li sold her hand-knitted scarves”和“Grandpa Wang put out used chess sets”是两个并列的句子，表示并列关系，所以用连词and连接。 8. 句意：我高兴地站在我们的摊位旁，喊着：“这些玩偶很柔软——它们会让孩子们微笑！”“stood”是动词，要用副词修饰，happy的副词形式是happily。 9. 句意：这次成功的集市筹集了2000多元！根据“By noon, most things were sold.”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，所以这里用raise的过去式raised。 10. 句意：下个月，我们将分享收到书的山区孩子的照片。“photos of the mountain kids”表示特指收到书的山区孩子的照片，所以用定冠词the。 Passage 8 阅读短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The story took place in a middle school. There was an important group dance 1 (compete). The school decided to set up a team to take part in it. Lily was famous for her 2 (wonder) dances in her class. When the students were practising together, she only proudly paid attention 3 her own dance skills. On the day of the selection, Lily put on her most beautiful dance dress and 4 (try) her best. She just wanted to show off her skills. She thought that nobody was 5 (good) than her. A few days later, the final list of the dance team came out, 6 Lily didn’t find her name on it. She asked her teacher Ms Wang 7 her name wasn’t on the list. Ms Wang answered her kindly but 8 (serious), “Lily, you are really good at dancing. But you just pay attention to your own dance. We need all the dancers 9 (work) as a team.” After hearing this, her face turned red. From then on, Lily understood the true 10 (mean) of team dancing. She changed and became a good team player. 【答案】 1. competition 2. wonderful 3. to 4. tried 5. better 6. but 7. why 8. seriously 9. to work 10. meaning 【导语】本文通过讲述莉莉在团队舞蹈选拔中因只关注个人技能而落选的故事，强调了团队合作的重要性，指出真正的团队舞蹈需要成员之间相互配合。 【详解】1. 句意：有一场重要的团体舞蹈比赛。“group dance”与所给词“compete”搭配表示“舞蹈比赛”，需用名词形式。“compete”的名词为“competition”，意为“比赛”。 2. 句意：莉莉因她精彩的舞蹈而在班里出名。“dances”为名词，前面需要用形容词修饰。“wonder”的形容词形式为“wonderful”，意为“精彩的，极好的”。 3. 句意：她只是骄傲地专注于自己的舞蹈技巧。“pay attention to”为固定搭配，意为“注意，专注于”，其中“to”为介词，后接名词或代词作宾语，故填to。 4. 句意：莉莉穿上她最漂亮的舞裙，尽了最大努力。该句描述的是过去发生的动作（选拔当天），“put on”和“tried”由“and”连接作并列谓语，故需用一般过去时，“try”的过去式为“tried”。 5. 句意：她认为没有人比她更好。句中的“than”是比较级的标志词，“good”的比较级为“better”，构成nobody was better than her“没有人比她更好”。 6. 句意：几天后，舞蹈队的最终名单出来了，但是莉莉没有在上面找到她的名字。前句“the final list came out”与后句“Lily didn’t find her name”之间为转折关系，故需用转折连词“but”。 7. 句意：她问王老师为什么她的名字不在名单上。句中“asked”后接双宾语结构，“her teacher Ms Wang”为间接宾语，空格后“her name wasn’t on the list”为直接宾语从句。结合上文莉莉未入选，她是在询问原因，故用“why”引导宾语从句。 8. 句意：王老师友善但严肃地回答了她。空格处修饰动词“answered”，需要用副词形式。“serious”的副词为“seriously”，意为“严肃地”，与“kindly”形成对比。 9. 句意：我们需要所有舞者作为一个团队去合作。“need sb. to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“需要某人做某事”，故动词“work”前需加“to”，构成动词不定式作宾语补足语。 10. 句意：从那时起，莉莉明白了团队舞蹈的真正含义。空格前有形容词“true”，后有介词“of”，中间需要名词作宾语。“mean”的名词形式为“meaning”，意为“含义，意义”。 Passage 9 阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置（如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式；如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词）。 Long ago, there was a small village near a mountain. People in the village often 1 (argue) and fought over the things that they needed. And they thought working with others was awful. One day, wise Alex came to the village. He wanted to teach the villagers about the 2 (important) of teamwork. He noticed 3 heavy stone in the middle of the village square. Alex told the leader of the village, “The stone is 4 (value). You can hold a meeting to tell the villagers about this. 5 the person can carry the stone to the top of the mountain, he can get it.” At first, everyone was silent when they heard the news. But after a while, a strong villager stepped forward to have a try. His strong body was one of his 6 (strength). However, he failed. Then some other villagers tried one 7 one. They failed, too. Alex then advised them 8 (move) it together. The villagers followed the 9 (suggest). To the villagers’ surprise, they could 10 (move) the heavy stone finally. Alex smiled and said, “Many hands make light work.” This task certainly played a key role in showing them the power of working together. 【答案】 1. argued 2. importance 3. a 4. valuable 5. If 6. strengths 7. by 8. to move 9. suggestion 10. move 【导语】本文是一篇寓言故事，讲述了智者Alex通过“搬石头”的任务，让习惯争吵、不懂合作的村民体会到团队合作的力量，最终明白“众人拾柴火焰高”的道理。 1. 句意：村里的人们经常为需要的东西争吵和打斗。根据前文“Long ago”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式。argue的过去式为argued，符合语境。 2. 句意：他想教村民团队合作的重要性。“the importance of...”是固定短语，意为“……的重要性”，此处需用important的名词形式importance，符合“teach the villagers about...”的语境。 3. 句意：他注意到村庄广场中央有一块很重的石头。stone是可数名词单数，且“heavy”以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰，表示“一块很重的石头”。 4. 句意：这块石头很有价值。此处需用value的形容词形式valuable作表语，描述石头的属性，“be valuable”意为“有价值的”，符合语境。 5. 句意：如果谁能把石头搬到山顶，他就能得到它。此处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，需用if，句首单词首字母大写。 6. 句意：他强壮的身体是他的优势之一。“one of+可数名词复数”是固定结构，意为“……之一”，strength的复数形式为strengths，符合语境。 7. 句意：然后其他村民一个接一个地尝试。“one by one”是固定短语，意为“一个接一个地”，符合村民依次尝试的语境。 8. 句意：Alex建议他们一起搬石头。“advise sb. to do sth.”是固定短语，意为“建议某人做某事”，需用move的不定式形式to move，符合语境。 9. 句意：村民们听从了这个建议。此处需用suggest的名词形式suggestion，且根据前文“the”可知，特指Alex的建议，用单数形式即可，符合“follow the suggestion”的语境。 10. 句意：令村民惊讶的是，他们最终搬动了这块大石头。情态动词“could”后接动词原形move，符合“could+动词原形”的结构，描述村民成功搬动石头的结果。 Passage 10 Huang Xuhua, known as “the father of China’s nuclear submarine (核潜艇)”, passed away at 99 in Wuhan. He spent his whole life 1 (research) nuclear submarines for our country. During his early school years, Huang realized China was 2 (weak) than other countries. Then he 3 (decide) to help make China stronger. 4 1945, he went to Jiaotong University to study shipbuilding. He performed so well 5 he got the chance to lead the development of China’s first nuclear submarine. It was 6 huge challenge to him. He knew he would be faced with many difficulties, but he accepted it bravely. After years of hard work, Huang and his team succeeded in making a nuclear submarine. It truly filled them with much excitement. Huang was brave. In his sixties, he still did a 7 (danger) deep-sea test for the key information. Huang was also a man of his word. To protect national secrets (秘密), he must keep his job to 8 (he), so he even lost touch with his family. His family finally learned about all his 9 (achievement) from a magazine. Huang is no longer with us, but his spirit reminds us that we should think 10 (serious) about how to make our country better. 【答案】 1. researching 2. weaker 3. decided 4. In 5. that 6. a 7. dangerous 8. himself 9. achievements 10. seriously 【导语】本文讲述了 “中国核潜艇之父” 黄旭华院士的生平事迹，展现了他为国家核潜艇事业奉献一生的爱国精神、坚韧品格与崇高信仰。 1. 句意：他一生都在为国家研究核潜艇。此处使用固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.，因此动词research需变为动名词形式researching。 2. 句意：早年求学时，黄旭华意识到中国比其他国家更弱。句中“than”提示使用比较级，因此形容词weak需变为比较级weaker。 3. 句意：于是他决定为让中国变得更强大而努力。文章整体为过去叙事，因此动词decide需用过去式decided。 4. 句意：1945年，他进入交通大学学习造船。表示“在某一年”，介词用In，放在句首首字母需大写。 5. 句意：他表现十分出色，因此获得了领导中国首艘核潜艇研发的机会。此处使用固定句型so…that…，意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。 6. 句意：这对他来说是一个巨大的挑战。“challenge”为可数名词单数，此处表示“一个巨大的挑战”，huge以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a。 7. 句意：六十多岁时，他仍为获取关键信息进行危险的深海测试。修饰名词“deep-sea test”需用形容词，因此名词danger变为形容词dangerous。 8. 句意：为了保守国家秘密，他必须将工作保密，所以他甚至与家人失去了联系。此处使用固定搭配keep sth. to oneself，意为“保密”，因此用反身代词himself。 9. 句意：家人最终从一本杂志上了解到了他的所有成就。“all”后接可数名词复数，因此achievement变为复数achievements。 10. 句意：黄旭华虽已离我们而去，但他的精神提醒我们，要认真思考如何让我们的国家变得更好。修饰动词“think”需用副词，因此形容词serious变为副词seriously。 Passage 11 阅读短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nowadays smartphones play an important role in our life and each family has got one or more phones. It is said that students can get phones 1 (easy) at home. That worries parents and teachers a lot. Students often use phones after school or after they 2 (finish) their homework. And even worse, some students use them all day and night, and they forget 3 (they) studies. They become crazy about using phones. As a result, that causes students a lot of health problems 4 well as study problems. Parents often argue with their kids because they use their phones too much. 5 they tell their kids many times not to play on their phones for a long time, it doesn’t work. At the same time, teachers always ask students not 6 (take) their phones to school, but they don’t listen to their teachers either. So how to get phone usage (使用) 7 control is a big problem. In most students’ opinion, it’s OK 8 (play) for a while after a long day’s study so they don’t understand why their parents and teachers stop them 9 (use) phones. What do you think of students using phones? E-mail us at jerry901@163.com 10 (share) your opinions. 【答案】 1. easily 2. finish 3. their 4. as 5. Although/Though 6. to take 7. under 8. to play 9. using 10. to share 【导语】本文探讨了学生使用智能手机的问题：如今手机普及，学生易沉迷手机，引发健康、学习问题，家长和老师的管控效果不佳，如何合理控制手机使用成了难题。 【详解】1. 句意：据说学生在家能很容易拿到手机。此处修饰动词“get”，需用“easy”的副词形式。 2. 句意：学生们经常在放学后或完成作业后使用手机。主语“they”是复数，且此处描述一般情况，用动词原形。 3. 句意：更糟糕的是，一些学生整日整夜使用手机，忘记了他们的学业。此处修饰名词“studies”，需用形容词性物主代词。 4. 句意：结果，这给学生带来了很多健康问题，也带来了学习问题。“as well as”是固定搭配(也、和)，用于连接并列成分。 5. 句意：尽管他们多次告诉孩子不要长时间玩手机，但这并不管用。此处表让步，需用引导让步状语从句的连词。 6. 句意：同时，老师总是要求学生不要把手机带到学校，但他们也不听老师的话。“ask sb. not to do sth.”是固定搭配(要求某人不要做某事)，需用动词不定式形式。 7. 句意：那么如何控制手机的使用是一个大问题。“under control”是固定搭配(处于控制之下)。 8. 句意：在大多数学生看来，经过一整天的学习后玩一会儿是可以的，所以他们不明白为什么父母和老师阻止他们使用手机。“It’s + 形容词 + to do sth.”是固定句型(做某事是……的)，需用动词不定式形式。 9. 句意：在大多数学生看来，经过一整天的学习后玩一会儿是可以的，所以他们不明白为什么父母和老师阻止他们使用手机。“stop sb. (from) doing sth.”是固定搭配(阻止某人做某事)，需用动名词形式。 10. 句意：你对学生使用手机有什么看法？请发邮件至jerry901@163.com分享你的观点。此处表目的，需用动词不定式形式。 Passage 12 Last week, Tom felt very tired and had a sore throat. He knew he should 1 (visit) the doctor two days earlier, but he waited 2 before actually going to the clinic. People at the community clinic work hard 3 (provide) good medical service for all patients. When Tom arrived, he saw 4 old friend working there as a nurse. After checking his condition, the doctor told Tom he had a common viral disease. Tom was curious and asked, “ 5 do people get sick so easily in winter?” The doctor explained 6 (kind), “Because it’s impossible to avoid all viruses, especially (尤其) during cold weather. However, 7 you rest well and take medicine, you will recover quickly.” The doctor 8 (give) Tom some medicine and advised him to drink more water. Tom followed the doctor’s advice carefully. After three days of rest, he felt much 9 (well). He was happy that the treatment worked so well. This experience taught Tom the 10 (important) of asking for medical help when feeling unwell. 【答案】 1. visit 2. for 3. to provide 4. an 5. Why 6. kindly 7. if 8. gave 9. better 10. importance 【导语】本文通过讲述汤姆生病就医的经历，强调了身体不适时及时寻求医疗帮助的重要性，同时展现了社区诊所工作人员的敬业与友善。 1. 句意：他知道他应该去看医生。“should”是情态动词，后接动词原形。 2. 句意：但他等了两天才真正去诊所。根据句意，这里表示等待这个动作持续了“两天”这一段时间。在英语中，介词for常用于接一段时间，表示动作延续的时长。 3. 句意：社区诊所的工作人员努力工作，为所有患者提供良好的医疗服务。此处用动词不定式“to provide”作目的状语，表示“为了提供”。 4. 句意：当汤姆到达时，他看到一位老朋友在那里当护士。“old”是以元音音素开头的单词，其前用不定冠词“an”表示“一位”。 5. 句意：为什么人们在冬天这么容易生病？根据后文医生的回答“Because...”可知，此处是问原因，用“Why”引导特殊疑问句。 6. 句意：医生亲切地解释道。此处用副词“kindly”修饰动词“explained”，表示“亲切地”。 7. 句意：然而，如果你好好休息并吃药，你会很快康复。此处用“if”引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”。 8. 句意：医生给了汤姆一些药，并建议他多喝水。根据后文“advised”可知，此处用一般过去时，“give”的过去式是“gave”。 9. 句意：休息了三天后，他感觉好多了。“much”修饰比较级，“well”的比较级是“better”。 10. 句意：这次经历教会了汤姆在感觉不舒服时寻求医疗帮助的重要性。此处用名词“importance”作“taught”的宾语，“the importance of...”表示“……的重要性”。 14 / 14乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 期末考 语法填空 仿真模拟 考前特训（天津专用） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 测 试 范 围 Unit 1 Career talks Unit 4 Helping out Unit 2 Growing pains and gains Unit 5 Looking into nature Unit 3 What makes a great team? Unit 6 Living with nature Passage 1 阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式(每空最多不超过三个单词)。 The Yellow River is the second-longest river in China. It is known 1 the mother river of the Chinese. It 2 (start) in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It runs through nine provinces before 3 (enter) the sea. In ancient times, the river 4 (bring) both life and problems. In flood seasons, it often broke 5 (it) banks, while in dry seasons, it sometimes dried up, affecting farming. So people started to find ways to manage it. Yu the Great, instead of blocking floods, dug canals (运河) to guide water away. Later, embankments (堤坝) 6 (build) to control the flow. During the Ming Dynasty, Pan Jixun used narrower embankments to wash away sediment (泥沙) 7 (quick). In modern times, water projects have been built to store water and produce electricity. Environmental protection has also been strengthened, such as planting 8 (tree) to reduce soil loss. For over twenty years, the Yellow River has not dried up, and some fish have returned. The story of the Yellow River teaches us the 9 (important) of living in peace with nature. It shows how people can solve problems with wisdom 10 hard work. Today, we must continue to protect this great river for the future. Passage 2 Hongze Lake is in the west of Jiangsu Province. It is the fourth 1 (large) freshwater lake in China. Hongze Lake has a long history. It was a small group of shallow lakes in the past, and was known as Fuling Lake. In the Tang Dynasty, it 2 (get) the name Hongze Lake. As time went by, the small lake 3 (final) turned into Hongze Lake. There are many 4 (kind) of fishes in Hongze Lake. Hongze Lake is also famous for 5 (it) plants. Reeds (芦苇) almost cover the whole lake here. 6 the large-area reeds may even prevent boats from 7 (get) through. In the northwest of Hongze Lake, there is a nature reserve (自然保护区) called National Nature Reserve of Hongze Lake Wetland. The government started to build it 8 July 1st, 1985. The reserve has 9 area of 49,365 hectares (公顷). It is the home to many birds. There are swans, cranes and other national first-and second-class rare and protected birds here. Every year, a lot of tourists come here 10 (watch) these birds. And many wildlife lovers come to take photos. Passage 3 Nature is full of wonders. Every day, we 1 (discover) new things about the world around us. Coral reefs, for example, are home to millions of marine creatures. But now, they 2 (face) great danger. Climate change 3 (cause) the ocean temperature to rise. As a result, many corals are turning white and dying. Pollution is another big problem. Factories and farms are pouring waste into the ocean, which 4 (harm) the coral polyps. Overfishing also destroys the balance of the marine ecosystem. We must 5 (take) action to protect coral reefs. We can save energy to reduce carbon emissions. We can also 6 (avoid) using plastic products. Scientists 7 (research) ways to help corals adapt to the changing environment. With everyone’s effort, coral reefs 8 (survive) for future generations. In fact, protecting coral reefs is protecting ourselves. They 9 (provide) us with food and protect the coastline from storms. Let’s work together to keep these natural wonders 10 (live). Passage 4 Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist. Known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines(核潜艇)”, he gave all his life to the 1 (develop) of advanced technology for China. Born in 1926, he joined a secret team in 1958 to design China’s 2 (one) nuclear submarine. At that time, the task seemed almost 3 (possible) because of many difficulties. For many years, Huang 4 (work) day and night. He and other scientists did a lot of research, and they often stayed up late 5 (solve) problems. Their hard work finally 6   (success)in 1970 when China launched(使下水)its first nuclear submarine. This was a great moment for China. Huang’s family knew nothing about 7 (he) work for nearly 30 years. Though he missed many family events, he felt 8 (pride) to serve our country. In 2019, he was honoured with the Medal of the Republic, China’s 9 (high) honour for his great contributions(贡献). All of us are moved by Huang’s story. Chinese people, 10 (especial) the young, will remember him forever. Passage 5 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Around 1947, some boys were taking care of their goats (山羊) in the desert near the Dead Sea. One of the boys climbed up 1 hill to look for a missing goat. He saw a cave and thought the goat was inside, so he 2 (throw) a rock into the cave to make it come out. The rock made a strange sound inside the cave. It sounded 3 something breaking, so the boys went into the cave to look. 4 (lucky), the rock did not hit the goat. Instead, it hit one large box. Inside the box, the boys discovered seven very old scrolls (卷轴) with words on 5 (they). The boys thought the scrolls might be something important, 6 they were right. Researchers later found out that the scrolls were from about 2,000 years ago. People looked in many other caves nearby 7 (look) for more scrolls. Over time, people found more than 600 scrolls in eleven different caves. Researchers think that these are some of 8 (old) writings in the world. Many researchers study these ancient 9 (treasure) even today. The scrolls give us a window into the past. 10 happened long ago? Maybe we can understand one day. Passage 6 Anger is a kind of feeling. When your teacher gives you too much homework, when your team loses 1 important game, when a friend borrows your favourite thing and then 2 (break) it, you may get really angry. Usually, your body will tell you when you are angry. For example, you will breathe 3 (fast) than before or your face turns red. But sometimes, you hide (隐藏) your anger 4 (quiet). For example, you may hide it 5 your heart. The problem is that 6 you do this, you may get a headache or your stomach may hurt. In fact, it’s not good to hide your anger. But anger must be let out in the right way, without hurting others or 7 (you). When you get angry, you can talk about it with other people. It’s 8 (help) to talk about your anger with an adult, such as parents, a teacher, etc. When you talk about anger, those bad 9 (feeling) can start to go away. Here 10 (be) some other things you can do when you start to feel angry: talk to a good friend or count from 1 to 100. Passage 7 根据下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last Saturday, our community 1 (organize) a “Second hand Fair” at the community centre. The activity was planned by 2 (volunteer) from the neighborhood, including my mom. The purpose of the fair was to help kids in mountain areas buy books. For two weeks before the event, 3 (collect) old toys, clothes and books became everyone’s hobby. My sister and I cleaned 4 (color) dolls and a storybook with 5 (we) own hands. On the day of the fair, the square was full 6 neighbors. Aunt Li sold her hand-knitted scarves, 7 Grandpa Wang put out used chess sets. I stood 8 (happy) by our stall, shouting, “These dolls are soft—they’ll make kids smile!” By noon, most things were sold. The successful fair 9 (raise) over 2,000 yuan! Mrs Zhang, the community leader, said, “This isn’t just about money—it’s about building a warm home together. ” Next month, we will share 10 photos of the mountain kids who got the books. I can’t wait to see how our community love travels far! Passage 8 阅读短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The story took place in a middle school. There was an important group dance 1 (compete). The school decided to set up a team to take part in it. Lily was famous for her 2 (wonder) dances in her class. When the students were practising together, she only proudly paid attention 3 her own dance skills. On the day of the selection, Lily put on her most beautiful dance dress and 4 (try) her best. She just wanted to show off her skills. She thought that nobody was 5 (good) than her. A few days later, the final list of the dance team came out, 6 Lily didn’t find her name on it. She asked her teacher Ms Wang 7 her name wasn’t on the list. Ms Wang answered her kindly but 8 (serious), “Lily, you are really good at dancing. But you just pay attention to your own dance. We need all the dancers 9 (work) as a team.” After hearing this, her face turned red. From then on, Lily understood the true 10 (mean) of team dancing. She changed and became a good team player. Passage 9 Long ago, there was a small village near a mountain. People in the village often 1 (argue) and fought over the things that they needed. And they thought working with others was awful. One day, wise Alex came to the village. He wanted to teach the villagers about the 2 (important) of teamwork. He noticed 3 heavy stone in the middle of the village square. Alex told the leader of the village, “The stone is 4 (value). You can hold a meeting to tell the villagers about this. 5 the person can carry the stone to the top of the mountain, he can get it.” At first, everyone was silent when they heard the news. But after a while, a strong villager stepped forward to have a try. His strong body was one of his 6 (strength). However, he failed. Then some other villagers tried one 7 one. They failed, too. Alex then advised them 8 (move) it together. The villagers followed the 9 (suggest). To the villagers’ surprise, they could 10 (move) the heavy stone finally. Alex smiled and said, “Many hands make light work.” This task certainly played a key role in showing them the power of working together. Passage 10 Huang Xuhua, known as “the father of China’s nuclear submarine (核潜艇)”, passed away at 99 in Wuhan. He spent his whole life 1 (research) nuclear submarines for our country. During his early school years, Huang realized China was 2 (weak) than other countries. Then he 3 (decide) to help make China stronger. 4 1945, he went to Jiaotong University to study shipbuilding. He performed so well 5 he got the chance to lead the development of China’s first nuclear submarine. It was 6 huge challenge to him. He knew he would be faced with many difficulties, but he accepted it bravely. After years of hard work, Huang and his team succeeded in making a nuclear submarine. It truly filled them with much excitement. Huang was brave. In his sixties, he still did a 7 (danger) deep-sea test for the key information. Huang was also a man of his word. To protect national secrets (秘密), he must keep his job to 8 (he), so he even lost touch with his family. His family finally learned about all his 9 (achievement) from a magazine. Huang is no longer with us, but his spirit reminds us that we should think 10 (serious) about how to make our country better. Passage 11 Nowadays smartphones play an important role in our life and each family has got one or more phones. It is said that students can get phones 1 (easy) at home. That worries parents and teachers a lot. Students often use phones after school or after they 2 (finish) their homework. And even worse, some students use them all day and night, and they forget 3 (they) studies. They become crazy about using phones. As a result, that causes students a lot of health problems 4 well as study problems. Parents often argue with their kids because they use their phones too much. 5 they tell their kids many times not to play on their phones for a long time, it doesn’t work. At the same time, teachers always ask students not 6 (take) their phones to school, but they don’t listen to their teachers either. So how to get phone usage (使用) 7 control is a big problem. In most students’ opinion, it’s OK 8 (play) for a while after a long day’s study so they don’t understand why their parents and teachers stop them 9 (use) phones. What do you think of students using phones? E-mail us at jerry901@163.com 10 (share) your opinions. Passage 12 Last week, Tom felt very tired and had a sore throat. He knew he should 1 (visit) the doctor two days earlier, but he waited 2 before actually going to the clinic. People at the community clinic work hard 3 (provide) good medical service for all patients. When Tom arrived, he saw 4 old friend working there as a nurse. After checking his condition, the doctor told Tom he had a common viral disease. Tom was curious and asked, “ 5 do people get sick so easily in winter?” The doctor explained 6 (kind), “Because it’s impossible to avoid all viruses, especially (尤其) during cold weather. However, 7 you rest well and take medicine, you will recover quickly.” The doctor 8 (give) Tom some medicine and advised him to drink more water. Tom followed the doctor’s advice carefully. After three days of rest, he felt much 9 (well). He was happy that the treatment worked so well. This experience taught Tom the 10 (important) of asking for medical help when feeling unwell. 4 / 6乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $