内容正文:
Unit 5 Poem
(words and expressions)
1
Part One: Word formation
1. drama n.戏;剧;戏剧艺术---__________ adj.戏剧化的;急剧的---____________adv.突然地;戏剧地
2. sorrow n.悲伤;悲痛;伤心事 v.感到悲伤---_________adj.悲伤的;伤痛的---___________adv.悲伤地;伤痛地
3. imagery n.形象的描述;意向---__________n.形象
4. literary adj.文学的;爱好文学的---__________n.文学
5. rhyme n.押韵词;押韵短诗 v.押韵---________adj.有节奏的
6. nursery adj.幼儿教育的 n.托儿所---________n.护士 v.看护
7. recite v.背诵;吟唱---__________n.背诵
8. mood n.心情;情绪;语气---_________adj.喜怒无常的
9. format n.格式;总体安排 v.格式化---___________n.组成物;形成;构成
dramatic
dramatically
sorrowful
sorrowfully
image
literature
rhymic
nurse
recitation
moody
formation
10. respective adj.分别的;各自的---___________ adv.分别;各自
11. comprehension n.理解力;领悟力---_____________v.理解
12. civilian n平民;老百姓---_________adj.文明的;公民的
13. sympathy n.同情---_____________adj.同情的;有同情心得的
14. innocent adj.天真无邪的;无辜的---_________n.天真;单纯
15. correspond v.相一致;符合---________________n.来往信件
16. dominant adj.首要的;站支配单位的---___________n.控制
17. contest n.比赛;竞赛---____________n.参赛者
18. complicated adj.复杂的;难懂的---____________v.使复杂化;使难以理解---_______________n.使复杂化的难题
19. variation n.变化;变体---_______v.变化---_________n.多种多样的---_________adj.多样的
20. racial adj.种族的;人种的---________n.人种;竞赛
respectively
comprehend
civil
sympathetic
innocence
correspondence
domination
contestant
complicate
conmplication
vary
variety
various
race
drama
/ˈdrɑːmə/
n.戏;剧;戏剧艺术
dramatic adj.戏剧性的;巨大的
dramatically adv.戏剧性地;显著地
a dramatic increase/fall暴涨;暴跌;
a dramatic difference/change 巨大的差别;巨变
dramatic developments/news 巨大的发展;令人吃惊的消息
由于新冠疫情,在美国,无家可归者的人数急剧增加了。
Due to the COVID-19, the number of homeless people in America has increased dramatically.
互联网极大程度地改变了人们的生活。
The Internet has changed people’s life dramatically.
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sorrow
/ˈsɒrəʊ/
n.悲伤;悲痛;伤心事 vi.感到悲伤
sorrowful adj. 悲伤的
sorrowfully adv. 悲哀地;悔恨地
to one’s sorrow 让某人悲伤的是
one’s sorrow at/over/for sth. 对某事的悲伤
in sorrow 悲哀地
share happiness and sorrow 同甘共苦
听到他的死讯,她表示悲伤。
She expressed her sorrow at the news of his death.
令我伤心的是,我因缺乏经验而被拒绝了。
To my sorrow, I was turned down for the lack of experience.
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imagery
/ˈɪmɪdʒəri/
n.形象的描述;意象;像
image n.形象,印象
imagine v.想象,猜想,臆断
imagination n.想象力
imaginary adj.虚构的,假想的
poetic imagery 诗的意象
satellite imagery 卫星影像
a vivid/fertile imagination 生动/丰富的想象
诗中的意象都是从现实生活中提取的。
The imagery is drawn from the actual life.
闭上眼睛,想象自己在森林里。
Close your eyes and imagine you are in a forest.
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literary
/ˈlɪtərəri/
adj.文学的;爱好文学的;有文学作品特征的
literature n.文学
literate adj.有文化的
literal adj.逐字的;字面上的
literally adv.字面上;真正地
literacy n.读写能力;识字
a literary man 文人
a literary theory/prize/film 文学理论;文学奖;文艺片
literary device 文学手法
是乔叟使英语真正变成了文学语言。
It was Chaucer who really turned English into a literary language.
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folk
/fəʊk/
adj.民间的;民俗的;普通百姓的
folk tales 民间故事;民间传说
folk music/art 民俗音乐;民间艺术
a folk museum 民俗博物馆
folk custom 民间习俗
ordinary working-class folk 普通劳动大众
fork n.叉;餐叉
大蒜广泛应用于中国民间医药。
Garlic is widely used in Chinese folk medicine.
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recite
/rɪˈsaɪt/
vt.背诵;吟诵;列举
recitation n.朗诵
recitation contest 朗诵比赛
recite sth to sb 对……背诵/朗诵
每个孩子都得在班上背诵一首诗。
Each child had to recite a poem to the class.
dawn
/dɔːn/
n.黎明;开端;萌芽
at dawn 在黎明时刻,拂晓
at dusk 在黄昏
the dawn of civilization/history 文明/历史的开端
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amateur
/ˈæmətə(r)/
n.业余爱好者 adj.业余的;业余爱好的
反:professional adj.专业的 n.专业人士
layperson n.外行;非专业人士;门外汉
rookie n.菜鸟;新手
这次锦标赛业余选手和专业选手均可参加。
The tournament is open to both amateurs and professionals.
他获得业余赛冠军后就转为职业运动员了。
After he won the amateur championship, he turned professional.
an amateur photographer 业余摄影爱好者
amateur athletics 业余体育运动
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be made up of
由…组成(构成)
=consist of (无被动)/ be comprised of/ be composed of
be made of 由……制成(能看出原材料)
be made from 由……制成(看不出原材料)
make up 编造;虚构;组成;化妆;和解
make up for补偿;弥补
make up one’s mind to do sth 下决心做某事
make out 辨认出;看出;理解,明白(事理)
这个队由7位成员组成。
The team consists of 7 members.=Team is made up of 7 members.
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mood
/muːd/
n.情绪;心情;语气
be in a good/bad mood 心情好/坏
be in the mood for sth./to do 有做某事的心情
be in no mood for sth./to do sth. 没有心情做某事
moody adj.情绪多变的;脾气坏的
moodily adv.易生气地
喜怒无常的人很难打交道。
Moody people are very difficult to deal with.
我没有心情长时间讨论这个问题。
I am not in the mood for a long discussion about the problem.
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mood 意为“情绪”(the way sb feels at a particular time),指人某一时刻的情绪,通常和in搭配。
Leave Dad alone for a while. He’s in a very bad mood.
emotion 意为“情感”(a strong feeling such as love, hate, anger, etc.),表示个体强烈的感情或情感,是情绪的外在表现形式。
The emotion was so intense that she spent most of the movie in tears.
spirit 意为“情绪”时要用复数形式,(the way you are feeling, for example whether you are happy or sad)。
It was the last day of term and everyone was in high spirits.
辨析:mood, emotion, spirit
tease
/tiːz/
vi.&vt.取笑(某人);揶揄;逗弄
tease sb. about... 拿……开某人的玩笑
tease out 梳理(毛发);探讨;深入研究
laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人
make fun of sb. 愚弄某人
play jokes on sb. 开某人的玩笑
play tricks on sb. 捉弄某人
teaser n.难题;棘手的问题
老师帮助他们弄清楚那首诗的意思。
The teacher helped them tease out the meaning of the poem.
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respectively
/rɪˈspektɪvli/
adv.分别;各自;依次为
respective adj.分别的;各自的
respected adj. 受人尊敬的
respectful adj. 表示敬意的,恭敬的
respectable adj. 值得尊敬的,可敬的
be respectful of 尊重……
教授值得尊敬,我们都很尊敬他。
The professor is respectable and we are all respectful of him.
他们在各自的领域都被视为专家。
They are each recognized specialists in their respective fields.
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blossom [ˈblɒsəm] n.花朵;花簇 v.开花
peach/cherry blossom 桃花╱樱花
in blossom 鲜花盛开
blossom into sth 变成…
bloom v. 开花,繁荣,兴旺,精神焕发
blossom [ˈblɒsəm] n.花朵;花簇 v.开花
(景物描写) 花儿盛开,在风中摇曳着。
The flowers were in full blossom, dancing in the wind.
(续写主旨句) 我坚定地点点头,知道善意和友谊之花开始在我们的心中绽放。
I nodded firmly, knowing a flower of kindness and friendship began to blossom in both of our hearts.
(经历感悟句)今天的经历像一朵永不凋谢的花朵, 永远绽放在我记忆的长河里。
Today’s experience was like an everlasting flower, blooming in the river of my memories.
await
/əˈweɪt/
vt.等候;期待;将发生在
await sb./sth. 等待/期待某人/事
wait for sb./sth. 等待,期待
wait to do sth. 等待做某事
她待在窗前等他回来。
She stationed herself at the window to await his return.
revolve
/rɪˈvɒlv/
vi.旋转;环绕;转动
revolution n.旋转;革命
evolve / ɪˈvɒlv / v.进化
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utter
/ˈʌtə(r)/
vt.出声;说;讲 adj.完全的;十足的;彻底的
utter a cry 发出喊叫声
utter a sigh 叹气
他忍住了怒火,一句话也没说。
He held back his anger without uttering a single word.
她根本没有说服他们。
She utterly failed to convince them.
utterly adv.完全地;彻底地
utterance n.说话;言论
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comprehension
/ˌkɒmprɪˈhenʃn/
n.理解力;领悟力;理解练习
comprehend v.理解
comprehensive adj.全部的;综合的
他的行为令人完全无法理解。
His behaviour was completely beyond comprehension.
beyond comprehension 无法理解;不可思议
a reading comprehension 阅读理解练习
comprehensive quality 综合素质
a comprehensive study 全面的研究
comprehensive school 综合中学
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core
/kɔː/
n.核心;精髓;(水果的)核儿
to the core 极度地;直至核心;十足
at the core of 处于……的中心;成为……的核心
the earth’s core 地核
the core of the argument 争论的核心
Socialist Core Values 社会主义核心价值观
我们需要关注核心业务。
We need to concentrate on our core business.
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blank
/blæŋk/
adj.空白的;无图画(或韵律、装饰)的;没表情的
n.空白;空格
a blank sheet 一张白纸
a blank expression 木然的表情
go blank (头脑)突然一片空白
look blank 茫然若失
在下面的空白处签名。
Sign your name in the blank space below.
我的脑子突然一片空白。
Suddenly my mind went blank.
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civilian
/səˈvɪliən/
n.平民;老百姓
civil adj.公民的,国民的
civilize v. 教化;使文明
civilization n.文明
a civil court 民事法庭
modern civilization 现代文明
the civilization of ancient Greece and Rome 古希腊和古罗马文明
他从军队退役了,重新过上了平民百姓的生活。
He left the army and returned to civilian life.
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sympathetic
/ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk/
adj.同情的;有同情心的;赞同的
be/feel sympathetic to/towards... 对...同情
show/feel/have/express sympathy for... 对... 同情
in sympathy with /out of sympathy with 赞成/不赞成
out of sympathy 出于同情
sympathetically adv. 怜悯地; 富有同情心地
sympathetic adj. 同情的; 有同情心的;
sympathy un. 同情; 赞同
sympathize v. 同情;赞同;支持
看到她的情况,我立刻对她产生了巨大的同情。
Seeing her conditions, I immediately felt sympathetic for her.
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innocence
/ˈɪnəsns/
n.天真;单纯;无罪
innocent adj. 天真无邪的;无辜的
innocently adv. 天真地;纯洁地
lose one’s innocence 失去天真
be innocent of … 没有……罪
be guilty of… 有……罪
这一新证据将证明他们的清白。
This new evidence will prove their innocence.
他确信那个男人没有犯任何罪。
He was sure that the man was innocent of any crime.
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correspondence
/ˌkɒrəˈspɒndəns/
n.来往信件;通信联系
correspondent n.记者;通讯员
correspond vi.相一致;符合;相当于;通信
in correspondence with 和……一致; 与... 有通信联系
correspond with/to 与……相符/一致;
correspond with sb. 与某人通信
你对事情的陈述与她说的不相符。
Your account of events does not correspond with her.编辑欢
迎读者有关任何问题的来信。
The editor welcomes correspondence from readers on any subject.
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sow
/səʊ/
vt.&vi.播种;种
sow-sowed-sown /səʊn/ or sowed
周围的地里种上了小麦。
The fields around had been sown with wheat.
sow the seeds播种
sow the seeds of… 播下……的种子;为……埋下了祸根
sow doubt in sb’s mind 使某人心怀疑虑
sow confusion 制造混乱
you reap what you sow 种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆
seed
/siːd/
n.种子;起源;萌芽
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dominant
/ˈdɒmɪnənt/
adj.首要的;占支配地位的;显著的
domination n.统治
dominance n. 优势;统治;支配
dominate vt. 控制;占优势;在……中占主要地位
a dominant position 举足轻重的地位
political/economic dominance 政治/经济上的优势
be dominated by 被……统治
political domination 政治上的统治
在这个公司史密斯是非常独断专行的人。
Mr Smith is a dominant person in this company.
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deadline
/ˈdedlaɪn/
n.最后期限;截止日期
the deadline for sth ……的最后期限
before/ahead of the deadline 在截止日期之前
meet the deadline 赶上最后期限
miss the deadline 错过最后期限
交申请书的截止日期是4月30日。
The deadline for application is 30 April.
要是这个办法行不通,我们就会赶不上最后期限了。
If the method does not work, we will miss the deadline.
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contest
/ˈkɒntest/ /kɒnˈtest/
n.比赛;竞赛;竞争
vt.争取赢得(比赛、选举等);争辩
contestant n.参赛者,竞争者
形近:context n.上下文;语境
a contest between A and B A与B之间的比赛/竞争
a contest for sth. ……的争夺/竞争
enter/ win/ lose a contest 参加/赢得竞赛/竞赛失败
contest against sb. 同某人竞争
这是一场不公平的竞赛。
It was an uneven contest.
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polish
/ˈpɒlɪʃ/
vt.修改;润色;抛光
n.上光剂;抛光;擦亮
polished adj.磨光的;擦亮的
Polish adj.波兰的 n.波兰人;波兰语
Poland / ˈpəʊlənd / n.波兰
polish up 擦光;润饰;使完美
polish off 很快做完;很快吃完;杀死
spit and polish 彻底的擦洗
要定期擦鞋,以保护皮革。
Polish your shoes regularly to protect the leather.
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string
/strɪŋ/
n.细绳;线;一串 vt.悬挂;系adj.弦乐器的;线织的
string-strung-strung
a piece/length of string 一根/一段细绳
a string of blows/hits 接二连三的打击/成功
have another string/more strings to your bow 有两手准备
sting ab along 愚弄某人
string out 延长;拖长时间
string along (with sb) 跟随;伴随
他无意跟你离婚,不过是骗着你玩的。
He has no attention of giving you a divorce; she is just stringing you along.
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barren
/ˈbærən/
adj.贫瘠的;不结果实的
同:infertile adj.不肥沃的;不毛的;不结果实的
fertile / ˈfɜːtaɪl /adj. 肥沃的,富饶的;
a barren desert 不毛的沙漠
a barren landscape 寸草不生的荒凉景色
a barren land 不毛之地
那贫瘠的土地无法种植庄稼。
No crops can be grown on this barren land.
他祈祷自己不孕不育的妻子有朝一日能有自己的宝宝。
He prayed that this his barren wife would one day have a child.
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grief
/ɡriːf/
n.悲伤;悲痛;伤心事
grieve v.悲伤;悲痛
come to grief 惨遭失败
give sb grief about/over sth 对某人生气/烦恼;指责某人
grieve for/over sb/sth 因/为……悲伤
what the eye doesn’t see the heart doesn’t grieve over
眼不见,心不烦
他们做到了同甘共苦。
They were able to share their common joys and griefs.
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complicated
/ˈkɒmplɪkeɪtɪd/
adj.复杂的;难懂的
complicate vt. 使复杂化;使恶化
complex adj.复杂的,难懂的
a complicated system 复杂的系统
get complicated 变得复杂
尽管这一切都很难理解,但我会尽力解释。
It is all very complicated, but I will try to explain.
由于丢失了一份重要文件,问题变得复杂了。
The issue got complicated by the fact that a vital document was missing.
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variation
/ˌveəriˈeɪʃn/
n.变化;变体;变奏曲
vary vi.& vt.变化;变更
variety n.多种式样
various adj.各种各样的;多种(类型)的
vary with 随着……变化
vary from…to… 从...到...不等
a variety of/varieties of 各种各样的
他由于种种原因辞职了。
He resigned for a variety of/varieties of/various reasons.
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racial
/ˈreɪʃl/
adj.种族的;人种的
race n.人种,种族,比赛
racially adv.人种上;按人种
racialism n.种族主义;种族歧视
racialist n.种族主义者
deep-rooted racial prejudice 根深蒂固的种族偏见
racial equality 种族平等
racial minorities 少数民族
种族歧视有时会增加国内的不安。
Racial discrimination sometimes will fuel civil unrest.
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prejudice
/ˈpredʒʊdɪs/
n.偏见;成见
vt.使怀有(或形成)偏见
have a prejudice against 对……有偏见
prejudice sb. against sth. 使某人对某事产生偏见
without prejudice (to sth) 不损害其他权益;无损合法权利
Pride and Prejudice 傲慢与偏见
他因偏见而判断有误。
His judgement was warped by prejudice.
律师一直力图使陪审团对她形成偏见。
The lawyers have been trying to prejudice the jury against her.
prejudiced adj.偏见的;带成见的
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Thank You!
(words and expressions)
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