Unit 7 A Good Read (Section B) 核心知识点精讲精练-2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元全方位精练（新教材人教版）

该初中英语单元复习讲义通过思维导图系统梳理Section B知识体系，将重点短语、词汇、句型按“短语集锦-词汇解析-句型突破”逻辑组织，用表格呈现短语中英对照，通过词汇拓展、搭配及句型分类解析构建知识脉络，突出核心知识点的内在联系。 讲义亮点在于“随学随练+综合过关”的练习体系，如词汇解析后设单项填空、句型解析后配翻译练习，培养语言运用能力。知识过关练习涵盖词汇、语法、阅读等题型，基础学生可夯实基础，优秀学生能提升综合运用能力，助力教师实施精准分层教学，提升学生自主复习效率。

Unit 7 A Good Read 核心知识点精讲 3 (Section B) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section B部分包括本部分重点短语集锦、重点词汇解析、重难句型解析、其他知识解析等板块，核心知识点讲解中包含适当数量，多种类型的随学随练。配有“知识过关练习”，包含词汇填空、单句语法填空、单项填空、选词填空、翻译句子等题型。 · Section B部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. a spoiled and selfish 10-year-old girl 一个被宠坏且自私的 10 岁女孩 2. pass away 去世；逝世 3. gets bored 感到无聊；厌烦 4. belong to 属于 5. a painful memory 一段痛苦的回忆 6. for ten years 长达十年 7. *lock up 锁好（建筑物的）门 8. a half-hidden door 半掩着的门 9. take care of 照顾；照料；处理 10. in a bad/good state 状态糟糕/状态良好 11. over time 久而久之；随着时间推移 12. are good for 对… 有益；适合 13. *get to one’s feet 站起身来 14. for the first time 第一次；首次 15. in years 多年来；数年间 16. *day by day 一天天；逐日 17. in the end 最后；最终 18. return home 回家；返乡 19. to his great surprise 令他大为惊讶的是 20. as alive and beautiful as 和…… 一样生动美好 21. in bad condition 状况不佳；处境糟糕 22. *in time 及时；来得及 23. the reader’s opinion 读者的观点 24. consider...to be... 认为… 是…；把… 看作… 25. one of the greatest Chinese classic novels 中国最伟大的古典小说之一 26. all time 有史以来 27. experience many difficulties 经历许多困难 28. achieve their final goal 达成他们的最终目标 29. on his way back 在他回来的路上 30. doubt myself 怀疑自我；自我怀疑 31. even though 即使；虽然；尽管 32. be tired of 厌倦……；厌烦…… 2、 重点词汇解析 1. painful /ˈpeɪnfl/ adj. 令人痛苦的；（身体部位）疼痛的 [词汇拓展] pain(n.)痛苦；painfully(adv.)痛苦地 [词汇搭配] a painful memory痛苦的记忆 [词汇例句] My ankle is still too painful to walk on. 我的脚腕子还是疼得不能走路。 [随学随练] 单项填空 My foot becomes too ________ to walk on. A．pain B．pains C．painful D．painfully 2. lock /lɒk/ v. 用锁锁上n. 锁 unlock /ʌnˈlɒk/ v. 开……的锁；发现；揭开 [词汇搭配] lock up 锁好（建筑物的）门；lock...away/up把...锁起来妥藏 lock out 把…关在门外；反锁（自己）在外 unlock a half-hidden door打开一扇半掩的门 [词汇例句] She locked her passport and money in the safe. 她把自己的护照和钱锁在了保险柜里。 The divers hoped to unlock some of the secrets of the seabed.潜水员希望揭开海底的一些秘密。 [随学随练] 用lock适当形式填空 (1) A few minutes ago, Linda ________ (lock) the door and left with her mum. (2) I need the right key to ________ (lock) the door of the old house to get in. (3) I often keep my room ________ (lock) because of some valuable things inside. 3. hidden /ˈhɪdn/ adj. 隐藏的；秘密的 [词汇拓展] hide(v.)隐藏，躲藏 [词汇搭配] a half-hidden door一扇半掩的门； hidden dangers隐藏的危险 [词汇用法] · hidden用作形容词，表示“隐藏的，秘密的”。 Suddenly we saw the hidden waterfall.突然我们看到了那条隐秘的瀑布。 · hidden也用作hide的过去分词。 I have hidden them for almost a week.我已经把它们藏了将近一个星期了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —The man in the TV show says we shouldn’t leave the children alone at home. —I agree. There will be some ___________ dangers if we do so. A．hidden B．special C．spare D．mixed 4. nobody /ˈnəʊbədi/ pron. 没有人；谁也不 p.66 [词汇拓展] no one 没有人；somebody某人；anybody某人；任何人；everybody每个人 [词汇用法] · nobody/ no one表示“没有人”。 Nobody knows why she was sad. 没有人知道她为什么伤心。 · someone/somebody用于肯定句，表示“某人”。 Somebody should have told me. 应该有人告诉我才是。 · anyone/anybody用于否定句或疑问句，表示“某个人”；用于肯定句，表示“任何人”。 There isn't anybody here . 这里没有人。 Anybody can see that it's wrong. 随便哪个人都可以看出这是错的。 · everyone表示“所有人”，一般用everyone或everybody，不用all people。 Everyone wants to know the truth. 人人都想知道实情。 · nobody/ no one; everyone/everybody; someone/somebody;anyone/anybody 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；当用形容词修饰时，形容词要放在它后面。 Did you meet anyone interesting ? 你遇到了有趣的人吗？ Everybody here likes him. 这里的每个人都喜欢他。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) I can hear people talking in the classroom. There must be ________ there. A．anybody B．nobody C．somebody D．everybody (2) — I heard that visitors in Liangdao Street stood in lines to buy different kinds of snacks there. — That’s for sure! ________ could say no to the delicious local food in Wuhan. A．Everybody B．Nobody C．Somebody D．Anybody 5. state /steɪt/ n. 状态；国家；州 v. 陈述，说明；规定 [词汇拓展] stated (adj.)规定的；声明的；statement (n.)陈述；声明；statesman(n.)政治家 [词汇搭配] in a bad/good state 状态糟糕/状态良好；a confused state of mind 思绪纷乱 the United States of America美国；matters of state国家大事 [词汇例句] The building is in a bad state of repair.那座房子年久失修。 [随学随练] 写出state在下列句子中的中文意思 (1) Can you name all the American states? (2) You must arrive at the time stated. (3) All the students are in a state of great excitement before the school sports meeting starts. (4) The librarian  stated that many books were in bad condition. 6. weak /wiːk/ adj. 虚弱的；（能力）弱的； (声音或笑容)微弱的，不热情的 [词汇拓展] weakness(n.)虚弱；弱点，缺点；weakly(adv.)虚弱地；无力地；weaken(v.)使变弱 strong(adj.)强的；强壮的 [词汇搭配] feel weak感觉很虚弱；weak in... 不擅长，...方面能力弱的；weak point弱点，缺点 (be/get...)weak at the knees（因激动、恐惧、疾病等）两腿发软 [词汇例句] She is still weak after her illness. 她病后仍然虚弱 [随学随练] 补全句子 (1) 他突然笑了笑，使得她两膝发软。 His sudden smile made her . (2) 他的数学学的不好。 He maths. (3) 许多学习应用软件能根据我们的薄弱环节为我们推荐合适的课程。 Many study apps can recommend suitable lessons to us . (4) 我朝她微微地笑了笑，摇了摇头。 I gave her  and . 7. since /sɪns/ prep., adv. & conj. 自……以后；从……以来conj. 既然；由于 [词汇用法] · since表示“自...以后，从...以来”，可用作介词，副词或连词。 We've stayed here since last Tuesday.自上周二以来我们一直待在这里。(用作介词) I have visited the museum ten times since I moved to the city.自从搬到这座城市以来，我已经参观过这家博物馆十次了。(用作连词) He left home two weeks ago and we haven't heard from him since. 他两周前离家外出，我们至今还没有他的音信。(用作副词) · since还可以用作连词，表示“既然，由于”。because,as,for等也表示原因，主要区别如下： (1) because是语气最强的，用于清楚地说明原因，回答why问句只用because。 The river is also important because it runs through the Amazon rain forest.这条河之所以重要，还因为它流经亚马逊雨林。 (2) since常表示已知原因，重在说明“既然事实如此”。 We thought that, since we were in the area, we'd stop by and see them.我们想，既然到了这个地方，就该顺便去看看他们。 (3) as也表示大家都清楚的原因，语气比since更弱。 She may need some help as she's new.她是新来的，可能需要一些帮助。 (4) for表示补充说明理由，常表示“倒果为因”，即以结果为依据推测原因。 It must have rained last night for the ground is wet.昨晚一定下过雨了，因为地面是湿的。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 自从生病住院后，他下定决心戒烟。 (2) 自去年以来，许多国际学生来参观我们学校。 (3) 既然你已经知道了答案，为什么不告诉我们呢？ 8. secretly /ˈsiːkrətli/ adv. 秘密地  [词汇拓展] secret(n.)秘密；秘诀；(adj.)秘密的 [词汇搭配] secretly organised events秘密组织的活动 [词汇例句] I put the paper into my school bag secretly and ran out of the room.我偷偷地把纸条放进书包，跑 出了房间。 [随学随练] 单项填空 She opened the letter ________ because she didn’t want anyone to know what was inside. A．simply B．seriously C．suddenly D．secretly 9. prove /pruːv/ v. 证明；证实；显示是 [词汇拓展] <过去式> proved；<过去分词>proved / proven /ˈpruːvn/；proof (n.)证据；证明 provable (adj.) 可证明的；可证实的；disprove(v.)证明…是错误（或虚假）的 [词汇搭配] prove sth. to sb.向某人证明某事 [词汇用法] · 后接名词或代词。 He felt he needed to prove his point.他觉得有必要证明自己的想法是对的。 · 后接复合宾语。 She was determined to prove everyone wrong.她决心证明大家都错了。 · 后接宾语从句。 This proves (that) I was right. 这证明我是对的。 · prove还可以用作系动词，表示“显示是，后来被发现是”，后接形容词、名词、不定式等作表语。 Fortunately all our reports proved to be true.幸运的是，我们所有的报道都证明是真实的。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) He showed me a photo as ________ (prove) that he had met the famous singer. (2) He worked hard and ________ (prove) that size and body type do not matter. (3) The result __________ (prove) to be right since last week. 10. effect /ɪˈfekt/ n. 影响；结果 [词汇拓展] effective(adj.)有效的；起作用的；effectively(adv.)有效地；affect(v.)影响 [词汇搭配] have an effect on对...有影响；cause and effect原因和结果；side effect副作用 sound effect音响效果；put/bring...into effect 使生效；实施 come into effect生效，开始实施；in effect实际上，事实上；take effect 开始起作用；见效 [词汇例句] Erik Peper studied the effect of posture on math performance.埃里克·佩珀研究了姿势对数学 表现的影响。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 人类活动对环境有巨大的影响。 (2) 这些建议即将付诸实施。 (3) 实际上，他们还没有尽释前嫌。 11. consider /kənˈsɪdə(r)/ v. 认为；仔细考虑  [词汇拓展] consideration(n.)考虑；关心；considerate(adj.)体贴的；考虑周到的 [词汇搭配] consider...to be...认为...是... ；consider...(as)...认为...是...；consider doing仔细考虑做某事 all things considered从各方面看来；考虑到所有情况 [词汇例句] Consider using public transportation, walking, carpooling and bike riding to get to where you want to go.考虑使用公共交通、步行、拼车和骑自行车去你想去的地方。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —I don’t know where to go during Chinese New Year. —Why not ________ visiting Quanzhou? There are many places of interest. A．regard B．risk C．consider D．mind 12. gentle /ˈdʒentl/ adj. 温柔的；温和的；平缓的 [词汇拓展] gently(adv.)温柔地；温和地；gentleness(n.)温柔；温和 [词汇搭配] a quiet and gentle man温文尔雅的男士；a gentle voice温柔的声音；a gentle breeze和风 a little gentle exercise 少量较平和的运动 [词汇例句] Listen to the gentle sound of wind and birds singing in the trees. 聆听风儿轻柔的呼吸声和鸟儿 在林间欢快的歌唱。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Our new classmate Simon is always ________. He never gets angry. A．brave B．careful C．helpful D．gentle 13. basic /ˈbeɪsɪk/ adj. 基本的；初步的 [词汇拓展] base(n.)基础；(v.)以...为基础；basics(n.)基本因素（或原理、原则、规律等） basically(adv.)基本上 [词汇搭配] basic information基本信息；basic life skills基本生活技能 [词汇例句] It is important for us to learn some basic life skills, such as cooking and washing clothes.对我们 来说，学习一些基本的生活技能，如烹饪和洗衣服，是很重要的。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —Will AI take human art’s place in the near future? —Not really. AI just helps people with a lot of ________ work that doesn’t need feelings or creativity. A．total B．local C．social D．basic 14. recommendation /ˌrekəmenˈdeɪʃn/ n. 推荐；提议 [词汇拓展] recommend(v.)推荐；建议；advice(不可数名词)建议；suggestion(可数名词)建议 [词汇搭配] accept a recommendation接受一项建议；on one’s recommendation根据某人的推荐 [词汇用法] · recommendation表示推荐或提议的行为时，常用作不可数名词。 It's best to find a builder through personal recommendation .最好通过私人介绍寻找施工人员。 · recommendation表示作出的具体的建议时，用作可数名词。 He gave some recommendations about how to improve students’ living conditions. 他就如何改善学生的生 活条件提出了一些建议。 15. doubt /daʊt/ v. 怀疑n. 疑惑；不确定 [词汇拓展] doubtful(adj.)可疑的；不确定的；doubtfully(adv.)怀疑地；不确定地 undoubted(adj.)毫无疑问的；undoubtedly(adv.)毫无疑问地；doubter(n.)持怀疑态度的人 [词汇搭配] doubt myself怀疑我自己；without doubt毫无疑问；There is no doubt that...毫无疑问... [词汇例句] There seems no reason to doubt her story. 似乎没有理由怀疑她所说的话。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —Do you know tea culture is popular with people all over the world now? —Right! But the Chinese are ________ the ones who best understand the nature of tea. A．in public B．without doubt C．in person D．by mistake 16. inspire /ɪnˈspaɪə(r)/ v. 激励；鼓舞 [词汇拓展] inspiration(n.)鼓舞人心或启发灵感的人或事物；灵感；inspiring(adj.)鼓舞人心的 inspired(adj.)受到启发的；能力卓越的，精彩的 [词汇搭配] be inspired by受到...的启发，被...激励；inspire sb. to do ...激励/启发某人做... [词汇例句] The video deeply inspired him.这段视频深深地激励了他。 [随学随练] 用inspire适当形式填空 (1) In the past, the scientist’s story ________ (inspire) our parents to work harder for their dreams. (2) We can learn a lot from the _________ (inspire) stories of great artists. (3) The ________ (inspire) from nature helped him create many beautiful paintings. 17. introduction /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃn/ n. 介绍；序言 [词汇拓展] introduce(v.)介绍；引入 [词汇搭配] a brief introduction to the book书的简短的序言；introduction of the book书的介绍 need no introduction无需介绍；众所周知 [词汇例句] Introductions were made and the conversation started to flow. 大家相互介绍之后交谈就开始了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 With the ________ of the computer, libraries today are quite different from what they used to be. A．direction B．instruction C．introduction D．invitation 3、 重难句型解析 1. 主系表句型 (教材原句)Mary spends a lot of time alone and gets bored.玛丽大部分时间都独自一人，感到很无聊。 (教材原句)After she died, the garden became a painful memory for him. 在她去世后，这个花园成了他(舅舅)的一段痛苦回忆。 (教材原句)Over time, Colin grows stronger.随着时间的推移，科林变得越来越强壮。 上述句子中的get,became,grows都用作系动词，都可译为“变得”，后常接形容词或名词作表语，此外turn,go,come也有类似用法。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 他见到Alice时脸变红了。 (2) 他很快就累了。 2. 现在完成时句型 (教材原句)The book has taught me not to give up or doubt myself. 现在完成时的谓语部分由“have/has+动词过去分词”构成。 [随学随练] (1) 多亏了政府的支持，这些村民的生活已经改善了很多。 (2) 自从读了这本书，我就对中国历史产生了兴趣。 3. 状语从句 (教材原句)After she died, the garden became a painful memory for him, ... . (教材原句)When she unlocks a half-hidden door, she discovers the secret garden inside! (教材原句)Even though I’ve already read the book three times, I’m not tired of it yet. (教材原句)If you’ve never read Ernest Hemingway, I recommend this book. after,when,even though, if 等常用于引导状语从句。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 虽然她极具绘画天赋，但是她从不炫耀。 (2) 当开始下雨的时候，我正和朋友们在操场上打篮球。 4. 定语从句 (教材原句)The main character is a fisherman who hasn’t caught anything for months. (教材原句)As Hemingway said, “Man is not made for defeat.A man can be destroyed but not defeated.” who hasn’t caught anything for months是由who引导的一个定语从句。that，who，which都属于连接代词。当被修饰名词是表示“人”的名词，可用who引导定语从句，也可是使用that引导；当被修饰名词是表示“物”的名词，可用which引导定语从句，也可是使用that引导。 as Hemingway said也是一个定语从句，其中as是连接代词，在句中作said后的宾语，译为“正如”。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) ________ you can imagine, great inventions have changed our life a lot. A．Which B．What C．As D．That (2) This is a kind girl ________ always tries her best to help others. A．who B．what C．which D．where 5. 被动语态句型 (教材原句)It was written in 1952 by the American writer Ernest Hemingway. 句中was written是“be动词+动词的过去分词”构成的被动语态结构，表示“被...”。 [随学随练] 单项填空 In 2025, more roses ________ in the Taklimakan Desert to improve the environment. A．plant B．planted C．are planted D．were planted 6. 介词后宾语从句 (教材原句)I’m inspired by how hard the fisherman fights, ... . 此句中how hard the fisherman fights是一个宾语从句，跟在介词后by作宾语。宾语从句由引导词后接一个陈述语序的句子构成。 如：I’m satisfied with what you have done.我对你所做的事很满意。 I wonder why he refused the invitation. 我想知道他为什么拒绝了邀请。(宾语从句不用疑问句语序，写成I wonder why did he refuse the invitation是错误的表述) [随学随练] 单项填空 My father’s birthday is coming. I’m thinking about ________. A．what present I gave him B．where will we have a big meal C．how I will give him a surprise D．if I planned a party for him 4、 其他知识解析 1. 感官动词后接复合宾语 (教材原句)One night, Mary hears someone crying again and discovers Colin, her cousin. (教材原句)To his great surprise, he sees Colin walking and running... hear,see,watch, notice等感官动词后常跟不带to不定式作宾语补足语，表示强调动作的整个过程或曾经发生过。若强调动作正在进行，则接doing作宾语补足语。 如：I always see her run on the playground. 我经常看见她在操场上跑步。 I saw some boys playing soccer when I passed by the playground.当我经过操场时，我看见一些男孩子 们在踢足球。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 下课后我们经常听见他在教室唱歌。 (2) 当我从房间经过时，我注意到他们在打牌。 2. for+时间段 (教材原句)No one has seen it for ten years. (教材原句)He has not walked for years because he thinks he has an illness. “for+时间段”表示持续一段时间，常和现在完成时搭配使用。若动作不是持续到现在结束，也用于其他时态。 如：They’ll stay in Beijing for three months. 他们将会在北京待三个月。 [随学随练] 单项填空 My grandma is over 80 years old. She ________ with us for 10 years. A．lives B．lived C．will live D．has lived 3. as...as...用法 (教材原句)...the secret garden has become as alive and beautiful as it ever was! as alive and beautiful as it ever was表示“像以前一样充满生机和美丽”“as+adj.+as+从句”结构表示“和...一样...”，用于表示两个在性质、特征、程度等方面具有相似性。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) After the decoration, our reading corner is as ________ as a natural garden. A．beautiful B．more beautiful C．most beautiful D．the most beautiful (2) The food in this fashionable restaurant is not as ________ as it was before. A．good B．well C．better D．best 4. 最高级结构 (教材原句)Many people consider Journey to the West to be one of the greatest Chinese classic novels of all time.很多人认为《西游记》是中国有史以来最伟大的古典小说之一。 one of the greatest Chinese classic novels of all time表示 “有史以来最伟大的中国古典小说之一”。“one of+the+最高级+复数名词”，表示“最...的..之一”，是最高级常用的结构之一。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 保持健康最好的方法之一就是定期锻炼。 (2) 地震是最危险的自然灾害之一。 5. but用法 (教材原句)When the fisherman is on his way back, sharks eat the fish, leaving nothing but bones. 此句中but用作介词，表示“除了”。 如：We have no choice but to take a bus. 我们别无选择，只能坐公交车。(前面没有do的任何形式，其 后不定式要加to) He did nothing but wash his shoes.他除了洗鞋子之外什么也没做。(前面有do的任何形式，其后不定 式不加to) 5、 知识过关练习 1. 词汇填空  根据据提示填写正确形式的单词或按照中文句子补全句子，每空一词。 (1) His father’s death made him so p_______ (令人痛苦的) that he could hardly stand it. (2) Scientists are working hard to u________ (揭开) the secrets of the universe. (3) It’s reported that there is a lot of ________ (隐藏的) oil in the Bohai sea. (4) I knocked on the door but ________ (没有人) answered. (5) The boy’s final success p________ (证明) he was really smart. (6) Please use a noun to ________ (陈述) the topic of your poem. (7) Little Jim went into his bedroom and ate chocolate ________ (秘密地), not letting his parents know that. (8) If you never take exercise, you will get ________ (虚弱的). So you should exercise more. (9) Cats and mice have always been considered natural ________ (敌人). (10) My grandmother is a kind and ________ (温柔的) woman around the neighborhood. (11) Reading day by day has a good e________ (影响) on improving your language skills. (12) Can you give me a ________ (推荐) for a good restaurant? (13) Here are the ______ (基本的) rules you need to know to stay safe online. (14) Don’t worry, and your answer is very right without d________ (怀疑). (15) Many people ________ (认为) honesty an important quality for young people. (16) Failure can i________ (激励) us to work harder if we don’t give up. (17) She gave a warm _________ (介绍) of the new student to the class. (18) The garden was ________ ________ ________ ________ (处于糟糕的状态) because no one took care of it. (19) Everyone ________ ________ ________ ________ (站起身来) when the teacher enters the classroom. (20) 我的宝宝一天天地长得更高更强壮了。 My baby is growing taller and stronger ________ ________ ________. 2. 单句语法填空 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) The little girl felt ________ (pain) because she hurt her leg badly. (2) A girl passed by and looked at me with a smile, which was like a ________ (hide) treasure. (3) Nobody ________ (like) to be alone on their birthday, so let’s throw a party for her. (4) By reading, we can see our own ________ (weak) and then try our best to improve. (5) He ________ brought the homeless cat into his bedroom, trying to keep it ________ from his family. (secret) (6) The new experiment proved the theory ________ (be) correct. (7) Too much screen time ________ (effect) your eyesight and is bad for your health. (8) Working together with others is one of the ________ (effect) ways to solve problems. (9) We should consider ________ (plan) our spending every month. (10) We always consider him ________ (be) a wise leader. (11) The mother touches her daughter’s head ________ (gentle). (12) The scientists set up a ________ (basic) in North Pole to do the research. (13) With my friend’s ________ (recommend), I borrowed this book from the library. (14) ________ (doubt), computers have made our daily life much easier. (15) The book is a friendly and down-to-earth ________ (introduce) to physics. (16) Tom ________ (develop) a good reading habit since he entered a high school. (17) Since the day we met, we _________ (know) each other for ten years. (18) In autumn, the weather is perfect outside. ________, many people go hiking. 3. 单项填空 (1) Remember ________ can work like a machine. A short break can help you do better. A．everybody B．somebody C．anybody D．nobody (2) —According to the records, most people have ______ experiences before they succeed. —That is the fact. The rainbow always appears after the rain. A．thankful B．careful C．helpful D．painful (3) —Have you set a(n) ________ on your new phone? —Certainly. I have to protect my personal information. A．state B．lock C．defeat D．enemy (4) —I don’t think I can finish this project on time. It seems impossible. —Don’t worry! You can ________ your ability by taking it step by step. A．prove B．support C．praise D．destroy (5) Women often feel men are too ________ for they often talk about topics like weight or age while women are unwilling to talk about them. A．modern B．gentle C．direct D．hidden (6) Scientists always ________ what they see so that they can get the truth of nature. A．doubt B．guess C．forget D．expect (7) The arrival of the European settlers had a great ________ on the life of the Native Americans. A．fault B．effect C．change D．result (8) —I want to visit the Louvre Museum. Could you tell me something about it? —Sorry, I know little about it. You can read the ______ on its website. A．situation B．creation C．instruction D．introduction (9) My spoken English ________ greatly since I joined the English club. A．improved B．has improved C．was improving D．will improve (10) —How long have you been back from London? —For two months. I ________ there for three years. A．have studied B．studied C．study D．will study 4. 选择填空 A gentle   basic   reader   naughty   librarian enemy  doubt  consider 1．This magazine is for younger . 2．The Monkey King is so powerful that he uses his powers to attack all the . 3．You should other people before you act. 4．You can ask the for help if you can’t find a book in a library. 5．You should believe in yourself instead of yourself. 6．The boy often plays tricks on his classmates. 7．She smiled and said goodbye. 8．Learning cooking skills is important for everyday life. B 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空 prove to be, lock up, get to one’s feet, day by day 1．Remember to the house when you go out, especially at night. 2． the plant grew taller and taller, and gradually the little girl became better and better. 3．The old key useful when we tried to open the ancient box. 4．The boy fell down but quickly and continued running. C Touching destroy considered bottom defeat without doubt heart Have you ever read the book The Gift of the Magi? This famous American love story tells about Della and Jim, a poor but loving couple. Even though they had little money, they 1 buying special gifts for each other. 2 , they made big sacrifices (牺牲)—Della sold her long hair, and Jim sold his gold watch. When they exchanged gifts, they found something 3 : combs (梳子) for Della’s cut hair and a watchband (表带) for Jim’s sold watch. At first they cried, but then laughed. Though they met lots of difficulties in life, nothing can 4 their deep care and love for each other. For over 100 years, this simple tale has shown that the best gifts come from the 5 not money. 5. 翻译句子 (1) 你最好每天早点睡觉，否则你的健康状况会很差。 (2) 离开前记得锁好办公室的门! (3) 老人从椅子上站起来，伸手去拿他的拐杖。 (4) 天气在一天天地变热。 (5) 毫无疑问，轮子是有史以来最重要的发明之一。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 A Good Read 核心知识点精讲 3 (Section B) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section B部分包括本部分重点短语集锦、重点词汇解析、重难句型解析、其他知识解析等板块，核心知识点讲解中包含适当数量，多种类型的随学随练。配有“知识过关练习”，包含词汇填空、单句语法填空、单项填空、选词填空、翻译句子等题型。 · Section B部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. a spoiled and selfish 10-year-old girl 一个被宠坏且自私的 10 岁女孩 2. pass away 去世；逝世 3. gets bored 感到无聊；厌烦 4. belong to 属于 5. a painful memory 一段痛苦的回忆 6. for ten years 长达十年 7. *lock up 锁好（建筑物的）门 8. a half-hidden door 半掩着的门 9. take care of 照顾；照料；处理 10. in a bad/good state 状态糟糕/状态良好 11. over time 久而久之；随着时间推移 12. are good for 对… 有益；适合 13. *get to one’s feet 站起身来 14. for the first time 第一次；首次 15. in years 多年来；数年间 16. *day by day 一天天；逐日 17. in the end 最后；最终 18. return home 回家；返乡 19. to his great surprise 令他大为惊讶的是 20. as alive and beautiful as 和…… 一样生动美好 21. in bad condition 状况不佳；处境糟糕 22. *in time 及时；来得及 23. the reader’s opinion 读者的观点 24. consider...to be... 认为… 是…；把… 看作… 25. one of the greatest Chinese classic novels 中国最伟大的古典小说之一 26. all time 有史以来 27. experience many difficulties 经历许多困难 28. achieve their final goal 达成他们的最终目标 29. on his way back 在他回来的路上 30. doubt myself 怀疑自我；自我怀疑 31. even though 即使；虽然；尽管 32. be tired of 厌倦……；厌烦…… 2、 重点词汇解析 1. painful /ˈpeɪnfl/ adj. 令人痛苦的；（身体部位）疼痛的 [词汇拓展] pain(n.)痛苦；painfully(adv.)痛苦地 [词汇搭配] a painful memory痛苦的记忆 [词汇例句] My ankle is still too painful to walk on. 我的脚腕子还是疼得不能走路。 [随学随练] 单项填空 My foot becomes too ________ to walk on. A．pain B．pains C．painful D．painfully 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我的脚变得太疼痛了而不能走路。 pain疼痛；pains疼痛；painful疼痛的；painfully疼痛地。become是系动词，后接形容词作表语，且 too...to... 结构中间需要接形容词。 2. lock /lɒk/ v. 用锁锁上n. 锁 unlock /ʌnˈlɒk/ v. 开……的锁；发现；揭开 [词汇搭配] lock up 锁好（建筑物的）门；lock...away/up把...锁起来妥藏 lock out 把…关在门外；反锁（自己）在外 unlock a half-hidden door打开一扇半掩的门 [词汇例句] She locked her passport and money in the safe. 她把自己的护照和钱锁在了保险柜里。 The divers hoped to unlock some of the secrets of the seabed.潜水员希望揭开海底的一些秘密。 [随学随练] 用lock适当形式填空 (1) A few minutes ago, Linda ________ (lock) the door and left with her mum. 【答案】locked 【详解】句意：几分钟前，琳达锁上门和她妈妈一起离开了。根据时间状语A few minutes ago可知，句子为一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式locked。故填locked。 (2) I need the right key to ________ (lock) the door of the old house to get in. 【答案】unlock 【详解】句意：我需要正确的钥匙来打开老房子的门才能进去。根据“to get in”可知，需要用钥匙开门，需用“lock”的反义词“unlock”，意为“开锁”。to后接动词原形，动词不定式“to unlock”在句中作后置定语，修饰前面的名词the right key。 (3) I often keep my room ________ (lock) because of some valuable things inside. 【答案】locked 【详解】句意：因为里面有一些贵重物品，我经常把我的房间锁着。“keep+宾语+宾语补足语”为复合结构，其中“my room”是宾语，空格处需用形容词、过去分词等作宾补。“lock”为动词，意为“锁”，其过去分词“locked”可作形容词，表示“锁着的”状态，故填locked。 3. hidden /ˈhɪdn/ adj. 隐藏的；秘密的 [词汇拓展] hide(v.)隐藏，躲藏 [词汇搭配] a half-hidden door一扇半掩的门； hidden dangers隐藏的危险 [词汇用法] · hidden用作形容词，表示“隐藏的，秘密的”。 Suddenly we saw the hidden waterfall.突然我们看到了那条隐秘的瀑布。 · hidden也用作hide的过去分词。 I have hidden them for almost a week.我已经把它们藏了将近一个星期了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —The man in the TV show says we shouldn’t leave the children alone at home. —I agree. There will be some ___________ dangers if we do so. A．hidden B．special C．spare D．mixed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——电视节目中的那个人说我们不应该把孩子们单独留在家里。——我同意。如果我们这样做，就会有一些隐患。 考查形容词辨析。hidden隐藏的；special特殊的；spare备用的，空闲的；mixed混合的。根据“...dangers if we do so.”可知，把孩子独自留在家会有潜在的危险，hidden danger表示“隐患”，符合语境。故选A。 4. nobody /ˈnəʊbədi/ pron. 没有人；谁也不 p.66 [词汇拓展] no one 没有人；somebody某人；anybody某人；任何人；everybody每个人 [词汇用法] · nobody/ no one表示“没有人”。 Nobody knows why she was sad. 没有人知道她为什么伤心。 · someone/somebody用于肯定句，表示“某人”。 Somebody should have told me. 应该有人告诉我才是。 · anyone/anybody用于否定句或疑问句，表示“某个人”；用于肯定句，表示“任何人”。 There isn't anybody here . 这里没有人。 Anybody can see that it's wrong. 随便哪个人都可以看出这是错的。 · everyone表示“所有人”，一般用everyone或everybody，不用all people。 Everyone wants to know the truth. 人人都想知道实情。 · nobody/ no one; everyone/everybody; someone/somebody;anyone/anybody 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；当用形容词修饰时，形容词要放在它后面。 Did you meet anyone interesting ? 你遇到了有趣的人吗？ Everybody here likes him. 这里的每个人都喜欢他。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) I can hear people talking in the classroom. There must be ________ there. A．anybody B．nobody C．somebody D．everybody 【答案】C 【详解】句意:我听到有人在教室说话。那儿一定有人。 考查复合不定代词辨析。anybody任何人;nobody没有人;somebody某人;有人;everybody所有人。由I can hear people talking in the classroom可知，此处表示有人在说话，应用somebody。故选C。 (2) — I heard that visitors in Liangdao Street stood in lines to buy different kinds of snacks there. — That’s for sure! ________ could say no to the delicious local food in Wuhan. A．Everybody B．Nobody C．Somebody D．Anybody 【答案】B 【详解】句意:--我听说粮道街的游客排队购买各种小吃。--这是肯定的!没有人能对武汉美味的当地食物说不。考查不定代词辨析。Everybody每个人;Nobody没有人;Somebody一些人;Anybody任何人。根据That's for sure..could say no to the delicious local food in Wuhan可知，此处指的是没有人会对当地美食说不。nobody“没有人”，符合语境。故填B。 5. state /steɪt/ n. 状态；国家；州 v. 陈述，说明；规定 [词汇拓展] stated (adj.)规定的；声明的；statement (n.)陈述；声明；statesman(n.)政治家 [词汇搭配] in a bad/good state 状态糟糕/状态良好；a confused state of mind 思绪纷乱 the United States of America美国；matters of state国家大事 [词汇例句] The building is in a bad state of repair.那座房子年久失修。 [随学随练] 写出state在下列句子中的中文意思 (1) Can you name all the American states? (n.)州 (2) You must arrive at the time stated. (v.)规定 (3) All the students are in a state of great excitement before the school sports meeting starts. (n.)状态 (4) The librarian  stated that many books were in bad condition. (v.)陈述，说明 6. weak /wiːk/ adj. 虚弱的；（能力）弱的； (声音或笑容)微弱的，不热情的 [词汇拓展] weakness(n.)虚弱；弱点，缺点；weakly(adv.)虚弱地；无力地；weaken(v.)使变弱 strong(adj.)强的；强壮的 [词汇搭配] feel weak感觉很虚弱；weak in... 不擅长，...方面能力弱的；weak point弱点，缺点 (be/get...)weak at the knees（因激动、恐惧、疾病等）两腿发软 [词汇例句] She is still weak after her illness. 她病后仍然虚弱 [随学随练] 补全句子 (1) 他突然笑了笑，使得她两膝发软。 His sudden smile made her go weak at the knees. (2) 他的数学学的不好。 He is weak in maths. (3) 许多学习应用软件能根据我们的薄弱环节为我们推荐合适的课程。 Many study apps can recommend suitable lessons to us according to our weak points. (4) 我朝她微微地笑了笑，摇了摇头。 I gave her a weak smile and shook my head. 7. since /sɪns/ prep., adv. & conj. 自……以后；从……以来conj. 既然；由于 [词汇用法] · since表示“自...以后，从...以来”，可用作介词，副词或连词。 We've stayed here since last Tuesday.自上周二以来我们一直待在这里。(用作介词) I have visited the museum ten times since I moved to the city.自从搬到这座城市以来，我已经参观过这家博物馆十次了。(用作连词) He left home two weeks ago and we haven't heard from him since. 他两周前离家外出，我们至今还没有他的音信。(用作副词) · since还可以用作连词，表示“既然，由于”。because,as,for等也表示原因，主要区别如下： (1) because是语气最强的，用于清楚地说明原因，回答why问句只用because。 The river is also important because it runs through the Amazon rain forest.这条河之所以重要，还因为它流经亚马逊雨林。 (2) since常表示已知原因，重在说明“既然事实如此”。 We thought that, since we were in the area, we'd stop by and see them.我们想，既然到了这个地方，就该顺便去看看他们。 (3) as也表示大家都清楚的原因，语气比since更弱。 She may need some help as she's new.她是新来的，可能需要一些帮助。 (4) for表示补充说明理由，常表示“倒果为因”，即以结果为依据推测原因。 It must have rained last night for the ground is wet.昨晚一定下过雨了，因为地面是湿的。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 自从生病住院后，他下定决心戒烟。 Since he was ill in hospital, he has made up his mind to give up smoking. (2) 自去年以来，许多国际学生来参观我们学校。 Many international students have visited our school since last year. (3) 既然你已经知道了答案，为什么不告诉我们呢？ Since you already know the answer, why not tell us? 8. secretly /ˈsiːkrətli/ adv. 秘密地  [词汇拓展] secret(n.)秘密；秘诀；(adj.)秘密的 [词汇搭配] secretly organised events秘密组织的活动 [词汇例句] I put the paper into my school bag secretly and ran out of the room.我偷偷地把纸条放进书包，跑 出了房间。 [随学随练] 单项填空 She opened the letter ________ because she didn’t want anyone to know what was inside. A．simply B．seriously C．suddenly D．secretly 【答案】D 【详解】句意：她偷偷地打开信，因为她不想让任何人知道里面有什么。 考查副词辨析。simply简单地；seriously严肃地；suddenly突然地；secretly秘密地。根据后半句“because she didn’t want anyone to know what was inside.”可知，她打开信的方式是“秘密地、偷偷地”。故选D。 9. prove /pruːv/ v. 证明；证实；显示是 [词汇拓展] <过去式> proved；<过去分词>proved / proven /ˈpruːvn/；proof (n.)证据；证明 provable (adj.) 可证明的；可证实的；disprove(v.)证明…是错误（或虚假）的 [词汇搭配] prove sth. to sb.向某人证明某事 [词汇用法] · 后接名词或代词。 He felt he needed to prove his point.他觉得有必要证明自己的想法是对的。 · 后接复合宾语。 She was determined to prove everyone wrong.她决心证明大家都错了。 · 后接宾语从句。 This proves (that) I was right. 这证明我是对的。 · prove还可以用作系动词，表示“显示是，后来被发现是”，后接形容词、名词、不定式等作表语。 Fortunately all our reports proved to be true.幸运的是，我们所有的报道都证明是真实的。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) He showed me a photo as ________ (prove) that he had met the famous singer. 【答案】proof 【详解】句意：他给我看了一张照片，以证明他见过那位著名歌手。根据句子结构“as… that…”，空处作名词，表示“证明、证据”，需用名词形式；prove为动词，其名词形式为proof。结合“a”可知，用其单数形式，故填proof。 (2) He worked hard and ________ (prove) that size and body type do not matter. 【答案】proved 【详解】句意：他努力工作，证明了身材和体型并不重要。根据空前的“worked”可知，该句是一般过去时，and前后的动词形式需保持一致。故填proved。 (3) The result __________ (prove) to be right since last week. 【答案】has proved/has proven 【详解】句意：从上周开始，这个结果被证明是正确的。prove“证明”，动词。根据since last week可知，用现在完成时，故填has proved/has proven。 10. effect /ɪˈfekt/ n. 影响；结果 [词汇拓展] effective(adj.)有效的；起作用的；effectively(adv.)有效地；affect(v.)影响 [词汇搭配] have an effect on对...有影响；cause and effect原因和结果；side effect副作用 sound effect音响效果；put/bring...into effect 使生效；实施；come into effect生效，开始实施 in effect实际上，事实上；take effect 开始起作用；见效 [词汇例句] Erik Peper studied the effect of posture on math performance.埃里克·佩珀研究了姿势对数学 表现的影响。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 人类活动对环境有巨大的影响。 Human activities have a huge effect on the environment. (2) 这些建议即将付诸实施。 These recommendations will come into effect soon. These recommendations will be put into effect soon. (3) 实际上，他们还没有尽释前嫌。 In effect, they haven’t cleared the air. 11. consider /kənˈsɪdə(r)/ v. 认为；仔细考虑  [词汇拓展] consideration(n.)考虑；关心；considerate(adj.)体贴的；考虑周到的 [词汇搭配] consider...to be...认为...是... ；consider...(as)...认为...是...；consider doing仔细考虑做某事 all things considered从各方面看来；考虑到所有情况 [词汇例句] Consider using public transportation, walking, carpooling and bike riding to get to where you want to go.考虑使用公共交通、步行、拼车和骑自行车去你想去的地方。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —I don’t know where to go during Chinese New Year. —Why not ________ visiting Quanzhou? There are many places of interest. A．regard B．risk C．consider D．mind 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我不知道春节去哪里。——为什么不考虑参观泉州呢？那里有很多名胜古迹。 考查动词辨析。regard认为；risk冒险；consider考虑；mind介意。根据“Why not...”这一建议句型，以及“visiting Quanzhou”这一动名词结构，结合语境可知，此处是建议对方“考虑去泉州”。consider doing sth.是固定用法，意为“考虑做某事”。故选C。 12. gentle /ˈdʒentl/ adj. 温柔的；温和的；平缓的 [词汇拓展] gently(adv.)温柔地；温和地；gentleness(n.)温柔；温和 [词汇搭配] a quiet and gentle man温文尔雅的男士；a gentle voice温柔的声音；a gentle breeze和风 a little gentle exercise 少量较平和的运动 [词汇例句] Listen to the gentle sound of wind and birds singing in the trees. 聆听风儿轻柔的呼吸声和鸟儿在 林间欢快的歌唱。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Our new classmate Simon is always ________. He never gets angry. A．brave B．careful C．helpful D．gentle 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们新同学Simon总是很文静。他从不生气。 考查形容词辨析。brave勇敢的；careful细心的；helpful有帮助的；gentle文静的；温柔的。根据“He never gets angry.”可知从不生气，性格上温柔，安静。故选D。 13. basic /ˈbeɪsɪk/ adj. 基本的；初步的 [词汇拓展] base(n.)基础；(v.)以...为基础；basics(n.)基本因素（或原理、原则、规律等） basically(adv.)基本上 [词汇搭配] basic information基本信息；basic life skills基本生活技能 [词汇例句] It is important for us to learn some basic life skills, such as cooking and washing clothes.对我们来 说，学习一些基本的生活技能，如烹饪和洗衣服，是很重要的。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —Will AI take human art’s place in the near future? —Not really. AI just helps people with a lot of ________ work that doesn’t need feelings or creativity. A．total B．local C．social D．basic 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——在不久的将来，人工智能会取代人类艺术的位置吗？——不会。人工智能只是帮助人们做许多不需要情感或创造力的基础工作。 total总的；local当地的；social社会的；basic基础的。根据答语中“doesn’t need feelings or creativity”可知，人工智能处理的是不需要情感和创造力的工作，由此推断此类工作是基础的。 14. recommendation /ˌrekəmenˈdeɪʃn/ n. 推荐；提议 [词汇拓展] recommend(v.)推荐；建议；advice(不可数名词)建议；suggestion(可数名词)建议 [词汇搭配] accept a recommendation接受一项建议；on one’s recommendation根据某人的推荐 [词汇用法] · recommendation表示推荐或提议的行为时，常用作不可数名词。 It's best to find a builder through personal recommendation .最好通过私人介绍寻找施工人员。 · recommendation表示作出的具体的建议时，用作可数名词。 He gave some recommendations about how to improve students’ living conditions. 他就如何改善学生的生活 条件提出了一些建议。 15. doubt /daʊt/ v. 怀疑n. 疑惑；不确定 [词汇拓展] doubtful(adj.)可疑的；不确定的；doubtfully(adv.)怀疑地；不确定地 undoubted(adj.)毫无疑问的；undoubtedly(adv.)毫无疑问地；doubter(n.)持怀疑态度的人 [词汇搭配] doubt myself怀疑我自己；without doubt毫无疑问；There is no doubt that...毫无疑问... [词汇例句] There seems no reason to doubt her story. 似乎没有理由怀疑她所说的话。 [随学随练] 单项填空 —Do you know tea culture is popular with people all over the world now? —Right! But the Chinese are ________ the ones who best understand the nature of tea. A．in public B．without doubt C．in person D．by mistake 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你知道现在茶文化在全世界都很受欢迎吗？——没错！但中国人无疑是最了解茶本质的人。 考查介词短语辨析。in public公开地；without doubt无疑地；in person亲自；by mistake错误地。根据“the ones who best understand the nature of tea”可知，中国人无疑是最了解茶本质的人，without doubt符合语境。故选B。 16. inspire /ɪnˈspaɪə(r)/ v. 激励；鼓舞 [词汇拓展] inspiration(n.)鼓舞人心或启发灵感的人或事物；灵感；inspiring(adj.)鼓舞人心的 inspired(adj.)受到启发的；能力卓越的，精彩的 [词汇搭配] be inspired by受到...的启发，被...激励；inspire sb. to do ...激励/启发某人做... [词汇例句] The video deeply inspired him.这段视频深深地激励了他。 [随学随练] 用inspire适当形式填空 (1) In the past, the scientist’s story ________ (inspire) our parents to work harder for their dreams. 【答案】inspired 【详解】句意：在过去，这位科学家的事迹激励着我们的父母为梦想更加努力奋斗。分析句子结构，空处作谓语，根据时间标志词“In the past”，可知句子用一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式，inspire的过去式为inspired。 (2) We can learn a lot from the _________ (inspire) stories of great artists. 【答案】inspiring 【详解】句意：我们可以从伟大艺术家的鼓舞人心的故事中学到很多东西。此空修饰名词stories，用inspire的形容词形式inspiring“鼓舞人心的”，作是定语。 (3) The ________ (inspire) from nature helped him create many beautiful paintings. 【答案】inspiration 【详解】句意：来自大自然的灵感帮助他创作了许多优美的画作。定冠词The后需要名词作整个句子的主语，所给词inspire是动词，意为“启发、激发”，此处需要填它对应的名词形式inspiration，表示“灵感”时，为不可数名词。 17. introduction /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃn/ n. 介绍；序言 [词汇拓展] introduce(v.)介绍；引入 [词汇搭配] a brief introduction to the book书的简短的序言；introduction of the book书的介绍 need no introduction无需介绍；众所周知 [词汇例句] Introductions were made and the conversation started to flow. 大家相互介绍之后交谈就开始了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 With the ________ of the computer, libraries today are quite different from what they used to be. A．direction B．instruction C．introduction D．invitation 【答案】C 【详解】句意：随着电脑的引进，今天的图书馆与过去大不相同。 direction方向；instruction指示；introduction引进；invitation邀请。根据“libraries today are quite different from what they used to be.”可知，图书馆发生了巨大变化，这是因为电脑的引入带来的影响，应填introduction。 3、 重难句型解析 1. 主系表句型 (教材原句)Mary spends a lot of time alone and gets bored.玛丽大部分时间都独自一人，感到很无聊。 (教材原句)After she died, the garden became a painful memory for him. 在她去世后，这个花园成了他(舅舅)的一段痛苦回忆。 (教材原句)Over time, Colin grows stronger.随着时间的推移，科林变得越来越强壮。 上述句子中的get,became,grows都用作系动词，都可译为“变得”，后常接形容词或名词作表语，此外turn,go,come也有类似用法。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 他见到Alice时脸变红了。 His face turned/went red when meeting Alice. (2) 他很快就累了。 He soon got tired. 2. 现在完成时句型 (教材原句)The book has taught me not to give up or doubt myself. 现在完成时的谓语部分由“have/has+动词过去分词”构成。 [随学随练] (1) 多亏了政府的支持，这些村民的生活已经改善了很多。 Thanks to the government's support, the lives of these villagers have improved a lot. (2) 自从读了这本书，我就对中国历史产生了兴趣。 I have become interested in Chinese history since I read this book. 3. 状语从句 (教材原句)After she died, the garden became a painful memory for him, ... . (教材原句)When she unlocks a half-hidden door, she discovers the secret garden inside! (教材原句)Even though I’ve already read the book three times, I’m not tired of it yet. (教材原句)If you’ve never read Ernest Hemingway, I recommend this book. after,when,even though, if 等常用于引导状语从句。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 虽然她极具绘画天赋，但是她从不炫耀。 Even though she has great talent for painting, she never shows off. (2) 当开始下雨的时候，我正和朋友们在操场上打篮球。 I was playing basketball with my friends on the playground when it began to rain. 4. 定语从句 (教材原句)The main character is a fisherman who hasn’t caught anything for months. (教材原句)As Hemingway said, “Man is not made for defeat.A man can be destroyed but not defeated.” who hasn’t caught anything for months是由who引导的一个定语从句。that，who，which都属于连接代词。当被修饰名词是表示“人”的名词，可用who引导定语从句，也可是使用that引导；当被修饰名词是表示“物”的名词，可用which引导定语从句，也可是使用that引导。 as Hemingway said也是一个定语从句，其中as是连接代词，在句中作said后的宾语，译为“正如”。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) ________ you can imagine, great inventions have changed our life a lot. A．Which B．What C．As D．That 【答案】C 【详解】句意：正如你所能想象的，伟大的发明极大地改变了我们的生活。 Which哪一个；What什么；As正如；That那。空格处位于句首，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰后面整个主句great inventions have changed our life a lot，as可以引导此类非限制性定语从句，As you can imagine是常用表达，意为“正如你想象的那样”。 (2) This is a kind girl ________ always tries her best to help others. A．who B．what C．which D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这是一个善良的女孩，她总是尽最大努力帮助他人。 who谁；what什么；which哪一个；where哪里。先行词是“a kind girl”，指人，且在从句中作主语，所以用who引导。 5. 被动语态句型 (教材原句)It was written in 1952 by the American writer Ernest Hemingway. 句中was written是“be动词+动词的过去分词”构成的被动语态结构，表示“被...”。 [随学随练] 单项填空 In 2025, more roses ________ in the Taklimakan Desert to improve the environment. A．plant B．planted C．are planted D．were planted 【答案】D 【详解】句意：2025年，更多的玫瑰被种植在塔克拉玛干沙漠以改善环境。 主语“more roses”与动词“plant”之间是被动关系，需用被动语态（be+done），排除A、B；根据当前时间（2026年）可知，时间状语“In 2025”表示过去的时间，需用一般过去时，be动词用were，排除C。所以选were planted。 6. 介词后宾语从句 (教材原句)I’m inspired by how hard the fisherman fights, ... . 此句中how hard the fisherman fights是一个宾语从句，跟在介词后by作宾语。宾语从句由引导词后接一个陈述语序的句子构成。 如：I’m satisfied with what you have done.我对你所做的事很满意。 I wonder why he refused the invitation. 我想知道他为什么拒绝了邀请。(宾语从句不用疑问句语序，写成I wonder why did he refuse the invitation是错误的表述) [随学随练] 单项填空 My father’s birthday is coming. I’m thinking about ________. A．what present I gave him B．where will we have a big meal C．how I will give him a surprise D．if I planned a party for him 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我爸爸的生日快到了。我正在考虑如何给他一个惊喜。 考查宾语从句引导词与语序。what present I gave him我送了他什么礼物，一般过去时，陈述语序；where will we have a big meal我们将在哪里大吃一顿，一般将来时，疑问语序；how I will give him a surprise我将如何给他一个惊喜，一般将来时，陈述语序；if I planned a party for him我是否为他计划了一个派对，一般过去时，陈述语序。根据主句“I’m thinking about”的现在时态及“birthday is coming”的将来语境，从句应用将来时态will give，且语序应为陈述语序。故选C。 4、 其他知识解析 1. 感官动词后接复合宾语 (教材原句)One night, Mary hears someone crying again and discovers Colin, her cousin. (教材原句)To his great surprise, he sees Colin walking and running... hear,see,watch, notice等感官动词后常跟不带to不定式作宾语补足语，表示强调动作的整个过程或曾经发生过。若强调动作正在进行，则接doing作宾语补足语。 如：I always see her run on the playground. 我经常看见她在操场上跑步。 I saw some boys playing soccer when I passed by the playground.当我经过操场时，我看见一些男孩子们 在踢足球。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 下课后我们经常听见他在教室唱歌。 We often hear him sing in the classroom after class. (2) 当我从房间经过时，我注意到他们在打牌。 When I went past the room, I noticed them playing cards. 2. for+时间段 (教材原句)No one has seen it for ten years. (教材原句)He has not walked for years because he thinks he has an illness. “for+时间段”表示持续一段时间，常和现在完成时搭配使用。若动作不是持续到现在结束，也用于其他时态。 如：They’ll stay in Beijing for three months. 他们将会在北京待三个月。 [随学随练] 单项填空 My grandma is over 80 years old. She ________ with us for 10 years. A．lives B．lived C．will live D．has lived 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的奶奶已经80多岁了。她和我们一起住了10年了。 根据时间状语for 10 years可知，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时have/has done结构，主语She是第三人称单数，助动词用has。应选has lived。 3. as...as...用法 (教材原句)...the secret garden has become as alive and beautiful as it ever was! as alive and beautiful as it ever was表示“像以前一样充满生机和美丽”“as+adj.+as+从句”结构表示“和...一样...”，用于表示两个在性质、特征、程度等方面具有相似性。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) After the decoration, our reading corner is as ________ as a natural garden. A．beautiful B．more beautiful C．most beautiful D．the most beautiful 【答案】A 【详解】句意：装修后，我们的阅读角就像自然花园一样美丽。 beautiful美丽的；more beautiful更美丽的；most beautiful最美丽的；the most beautiful最美丽的。根据“as...as”结构可知，中间应接形容词原级，表示“和……一样……”，应填beautiful。 (2) The food in this fashionable restaurant is not as ________ as it was before. A．good B．well C．better D．best 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这家时尚餐厅的食物不如以前好了。 考查形容词的原级和形容词的用法。good好的，形容词；well好，副词；better更好，比较级；best最好，最高级。not as...as中间加原级，此处作be动词的表语用形容词。故选A。 4. 最高级结构 (教材原句)Many people consider Journey to the West to be one of the greatest Chinese classic novels of all time.很多人认为《西游记》是中国有史以来最伟大的古典小说之一。 one of the greatest Chinese classic novels of all time表示 “有史以来最伟大的中国古典小说之一”。“one of+the+最高级+复数名词”，表示“最...的..之一”，是最高级常用的结构之一。 [随学随练] 翻译句子 (1) 保持健康最好的方法之一就是定期锻炼。 One of the best ways to keep healthy is to exercise regularly. (2) 地震是最危险的自然灾害之一。 Earthquakes are one of the most dangerous natural disasters. 5. but用法 (教材原句)When the fisherman is on his way back, sharks eat the fish, leaving nothing but bones. 此句中but用作介词，表示“除了”。 如：We have no choice but to take a bus. 我们别无选择，只能坐公交车。(前面没有do的任何形式，其后 不定式要加to) He did nothing but wash his shoes.他除了洗鞋子之外什么也没做。(前面有do的任何形式，其后不定 式不加to) 5、 知识过关练习 1. 词汇填空  根据据提示填写正确形式的单词或按照中文句子补全句子，每空一词。 (1) His father’s death made him so p_______ (令人痛苦的) that he could hardly stand it. 【答案】(p)ainful 【详解】句意：他父亲的去世让他如此痛苦，以至于他几乎无法承受。根据中文提示和首字母可知，此处应填painful“令人痛苦的”，“make+宾语+形容词”表示“使……处于某种状态”，形容词作宾语补足语。故填(p)ainful。 (2) Scientists are working hard to u________ (揭开) the secrets of the universe. 【答案】unlock/nlock 【详解】句意：科学家们努力工作以揭开宇宙的秘密。根据汉语提示和首字母“u”可知，unlock“揭开”，动词；根据“Scientists are working hard to…”可知，此处使用动词原形，与to构成动词不定式，介绍科学家们努力工作的目的。故填unlock。 (3) It’s reported that there is a lot of ________ (隐藏的) oil in the Bohai sea. 【答案】hidden 【详解】句意：据报道，渤海蕴藏着大量的石油。隐藏的hidden，形容词在句中作定语，修饰名词oil。故填hidden。 (4) I knocked on the door but ________ (没有人) answered. 【答案】nobody 【详解】句意：我敲了门，但是没有人应答。根据汉语提示可知此处应填nobody“没有人”。故填nobody。 (5) The boy’s final success p________ (证明) he was really smart. 【答案】(p)roved 【详解】句意：这个男孩最后的成功证明他真的很聪明。证明：prove；根据“was”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(p)roved。 (6) Please use a noun to ________ (陈述) the topic of your poem. 【答案】state 【详解】句意：请用名词来陈述你诗歌的主题。“陈述”state，to后接动词原形，构成动词不定式。故填state。 (7) Little Jim went into his bedroom and ate chocolate ________ (秘密地), not letting his parents know that. 【答案】secretly 【详解】句意：小吉姆偷偷地去了他的卧室，吃了巧克力，没有让他的父母知道这件事。secretly“秘密地”，是副词，修饰动宾短语ate chocolate，用副词，故填secretly。 (8) If you never take exercise, you will get ________ (虚弱的). So you should exercise more. 【答案】weak 【详解】句意：如果你从不锻炼，你会变得虚弱。所以你应该多锻炼。根据汉语提示可知，此处应用形容词weak“虚弱的”作表语。故填weak。 (9) Cats and mice have always been considered natural ________ (敌人). 【答案】enemies 【详解】句意：猫和老鼠一直被认为是天生的敌人。 “敌人”对应的英文名词是“enemy”，句子主语“Cats and mice”是复数，所以此处需用“enemy”的复数形式“enemies”，故填“enemies”。 (10) My grandmother is a kind and ________ (温柔的) woman around the neighborhood. 【答案】gentle 【详解】句意：我奶奶在邻里间是一位善良又温柔的女性。gentle“温柔的”，形容词作定语。故填gentle。 (11) Reading day by day has a good e________ (影响) on improving your language skills. 【答案】effect/ffect 【详解】句意：日复一日的阅读对提升你的语言技能有很好的影响。根据首字母“e”和括号内的中文提示“影响”可知，此处考查effect“影响”，名词；have a good effect on是固定搭配，意为“对…… 有好的影响”。故填effect。 (12) Can you give me a ________ (推荐) for a good restaurant? 【答案】recommendation 【详解】句意：你能给我推荐一家好餐厅吗？句中“a”后接可数名词单数，“推荐”的名词形式为recommendation，故填recommendation。 (13) Here are the ______ (基本的) rules you need to know to stay safe online. 【答案】basic 【详解】句意：这是你在网络上保持安全需要了解的基础规则。此处需要形容词修饰名词“rules”，“基本的”对应的英文形容词是“basic”。故填basic。 (14) Don’t worry, and your answer is very right without d________ (怀疑). 【答案】(d)oubt 【详解】句意：别担心，你的答案是非常正确的，毫无疑问。根据首字母及汉语提示可知，此处为固定短语without doubt“毫无疑问”。故填(d)oubt。 (15) Many people ________ (认为) honesty an important quality for young people. 【答案】consider 【详解】句意：许多人认为诚实是年轻人的一项重要品质。根据汉语提示“认为”和“…honesty an important quality”的结构，匹配到“consider sth (as) sth”用法，该句陈述一般事实，是一般现在时，主要是复数，动词填原形。 (16) Failure can i________ (激励) us to work harder if we don’t give up. 【答案】inspire/nspire 【详解】句意：如果我们不放弃，失败可以激励我们更加努力。inspire“激励，鼓舞”，情态动词can后用动词原形。故填inspire。 (17) She gave a warm _________ (介绍) of the new student to the class. 【答案】introduction 【详解】句意：她向全班同学对新生做了一个热情的介绍。根据中文提示“介绍”可知，对应的英文单词为introduction“介绍”。结合空格前的不定冠词“a”可知，此处应用名词单数形式。 (18) The garden was ________ ________ ________ ________ (处于糟糕的状态) because no one took care of it. 【答案】in a terrible state 【详解】句意：花园处于糟糕的状态，因为没人照料它。根据汉语提示可知，state“状态”，in a terrible state“处于糟糕的状态”，为固定搭配。故填state。 (19) Everyone ________ ________ ________ ________ (站起身来) when the teacher enters the classroom. 【答案】 gets to his feet 【详解】句意：当老师走进教室时，每个人都站起身来。“get to one’s feet”为固定短语，意为“站起身来”。本句主语为everyone，视作单数，且句子时态为一般现在时，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，get变为gets。故填gets； to； his； feet。 (20) 我的宝宝一天天地长得更高更强壮了。 My baby is growing taller and stronger ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 day by day 【详解】句中“一天天地”是关键词，表示“一天天地”是副词短语day by day，作句中的状语部分。 2. 单句语法填空 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) The little girl felt ________ (pain) because she hurt her leg badly. 【答案】painful 【详解】句意：小女孩感到很疼，因为她的腿伤得很严重。根据“The little girl felt...because she hurt her leg badly.”以及英文提示可知，系动词feel后需接形容词作表语，括号内pain为名词“疼痛”，其形容词形式为painful“疼痛的”。故填painful。 (2) A girl passed by and looked at me with a smile, which was like a ________ (hide) treasure. 【答案】hidden 【详解】句意：一个女孩经过，微笑着看着我，微笑就像一个隐藏的宝藏。此处需要一个形容词来修饰名词“treasure”。hide的形容词形式是hidden，意为“隐藏的”。 (3) Nobody ________ (like) to be alone on their birthday, so let’s throw a party for her. 【答案】likes 【详解】句意：没有人喜欢在生日的时候独自一人，所以我们为她举办一场派对吧。结合主语Nobody可知，主语为不定代词，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，like的第三人称单数为likes，故填likes。 (4) By reading, we can see our own ________ (weak) and then try our best to improve. 【答案】weaknesses 【详解】句意：通过阅读，我们可以看到自己的弱点，然后尽我们最大的努力去改进。“our own”表示“我们自己的”，后面需要接名词，weak是形容词，其名词形式是weakness，意为“弱点；缺点”，结合语境，这里说的是我们自身的弱点，通常不止一个，所以要用weakness的复数形式weaknesses。 (5) He ________ brought the homeless cat into his bedroom, trying to keep it ________ from his family. (secret) 【答案】 secretly secret 【详解】句意：他秘密地把那只流浪猫带进了自己的卧室，试图不让家人发现它。修饰动词“brought”，需用副词形式作状语。“secret”的副词形式为“secretly”，意为“秘密地”；“keep sth. secret from sb.”是固定搭配，意为“对某人隐瞒某事”，需用形容词“secret”作宾语补足语。 (6) The new experiment proved the theory ________ (be) correct. 【答案】to be 【详解】句意：这个新实验证明这个理论是正确的。prove“证明”，“prove sb./sth. to be+形容词”是固定短语，意为“证明某人/某物是……”，因此填不定式to be。故填to be。 (7) Too much screen time ________ (effect) your eyesight and is bad for your health. 【答案】affects 【详解】句意：过多的屏幕时间会影响你的视力，并且对健康有害。根据“is bad for your health.”可知，句子时态是一般现在时，主语是Too much screen time，动词需用第三人称单数，effect的动词为affect，三单形式为affects。故填affects。 (8) Working together with others is one of the ________ (effect) ways to solve problems. 【答案】most effective 【详解】句意：与他人合作是解决问题最有效的方法之一。“one of the＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数”是固定结构，意为“最……的……之一”，effect的形容词是effective, effective是多音节形容词，其最高级形式为most effective。故填most effective。 (9) We should consider ________ (plan) our spending every month. 【答案】planning 【详解】句意：我们应该考虑每个月规划自己的花销。consider doing sth.是固定短语，意为“考虑做某事”，plan的动名词形式是planning。 (10) We always consider him ________ (be) a wise leader. 【答案】to be 【详解】句意：我们一直认为他是一位英明的领导人。consider sb. to be“认为某人是”，此处用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to be。 (11) The mother touches her daughter’s head ________ (gentle). 【答案】gently 【详解】句意：这位妈妈温柔地抚摸女儿的头。gentle“温柔的”是形容词，根据“touches”可知，需用副词修饰动词；gentle的副词形式是gently“温柔地”。故填gently。 (12) The scientists set up a ________ (basic) in North Pole to do the research. 【答案】base 【详解】句意：科学家们在北极建立了一个基地来开展研究。句中“a”后需接可数名词单数，形容词basic对应的名词形式是base，表示“基地、根基”，符合“在北极建立研究基地” 的语境，故填base。 (13) With my friend’s ________ (recommend), I borrowed this book from the library. 【答案】recommendation 【详解】句意：在我朋友的推荐下，我从图书馆借了这本书。空格前为my friend’s（名词所有格），后需要接名词。recommend的名词形式为recommendation，意为“推荐”。 (14) ________ (doubt), computers have made our daily life much easier. 【答案】Undoubtedly 【详解】句意：毫无疑问，计算机使我们的日常生活变得容易得多。根据“computers have made our daily life much easier”可知计算机使我们的日常生活变得容易得多，这是毫无疑问的，此处修饰整个句子用副词，doubt“怀疑”，动词，undoubtedly“毫无疑问”，放句首首字母大写。故填Undoubtedly。 (15) The book is a friendly and down-to-earth ________ (introduce) to physics. 【答案】introduction 【详解】句意：这本书是对物理学的友好、通俗的介绍。introduce“介绍”，是动词，此处应用名词introduction作表语。故填introduction。 (16) Tom ________ (develop) a good reading habit since he entered a high school. 【答案】has developed 【详解】句意：汤姆自从上高中以来，已经养成了良好的阅读习惯。句中的时间状语“since he entered a high school”是现在完成时的典型标志。本句主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has； develop的过去分词是developed，故填has developed。 (17) Since the day we met, we _________ (know) each other for ten years. 【答案】have known 【详解】句意：从遇见的那一天起，我们已经认识十年了。根据“Since the day we met”及“for ten years”可知，此处应用现在完成时have/has done，主语是we，助动词用have。故填have known。 (18) In autumn, the weather is perfect outside. ________, many people go hiking. 【答案】Therefore 【详解】句意：秋天，外面的天气很好。因此，很多人都去徒步旅行。根据前后文语义，前句为后句的原因，因此后句用表示“结果，因此”含义的词连接。根据空后逗号，空格处宜填写副词，副词用于连接前后句，表示因果关系。首字母大写。故填Therefore。 3. 单项填空 (1) Remember ________ can work like a machine. A short break can help you do better. A．everybody B．somebody C．anybody D．nobody 【答案】D 【详解】句意：记住没有人能像机器一样工作。短暂休息可以帮助你做得更好。 everybody每个人；somebody某个人；anybody任何人；nobody没有人。“A short break can help you do better.”，说明人需要休息，不能像机器一样持续工作，因此没有人能像机器一样。 (2) —According to the records, most people have ______ experiences before they succeed. —That is the fact. The rainbow always appears after the rain. A．thankful B．careful C．helpful D．painful 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——根据记录，大多数人在成功之前都有过痛苦的经历。——这就是事实。彩虹总是在风雨之后出现。 考查形容词辨析。thankful感激的；careful小心的；helpful有帮助的；painful痛苦的。根据“The rainbow always appears after the rain.”可知，如果把成功比作彩虹，那么风雨就是成功前的痛苦经历。故选D。 (3) —Have you set a(n) ________ on your new phone? —Certainly. I have to protect my personal information. A．state B．lock C．defeat D．enemy 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你在新手机上设置锁了吗？——当然。我必须保护我的个人信息。 考查名词辨析。state状态，州；lock锁；defeat失败，击败；enemy敌人。set a lock on...是常见表达，意为“给……上锁”。根据“protect my personal information”可知，是设置“锁”。故选B。 (4) —I don’t think I can finish this project on time. It seems impossible. —Don’t worry! You can ________ your ability by taking it step by step. A．prove B．support C．praise D．destroy 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我想我不能按时完成这个项目。这似乎是不可能的。——别担心！你可以一步一步证明你的能力。 考查动词辨析。prove证明；support支持；praise赞扬；destroy破坏。根据“...your ability”可知，“prove one’s ability” 意为 “证明某人的能力”。故选A。 (5) Women often feel men are too ________ for they often talk about topics like weight or age while women are unwilling to talk about them. A．modern B．gentle C．direct D．hidden 【答案】C 【详解】句意：女人常常觉得男人太直接，因为他们经常谈论体重或年龄等话题，而女人却不愿意谈论这些。 考查形容词辨析。modern现代的；gentle文静的；direct直接的；hidden隐秘的。根据they often talk about topics like weight or age，可知direct符合句意，故选C。 (6) Scientists always ________ what they see so that they can get the truth of nature. A．doubt B．guess C．forget D．expect 【答案】A 【详解】句意：科学家们总是怀疑他们所看到的，这样他们才能了解大自然的真相。 考查动词辨析。doubt怀疑；guess猜测；forget忘记；expect预料。根据“Scientists always…what they see so that they can get the truth of nature.”的语境并结合选项可知，此处指科学家通过质疑和验证的方式了解大自然的真相。故选A。 (7) The arrival of the European settlers had a great ________ on the life of the Native Americans. A．fault B．effect C．change D．result 【答案】B 【详解】句意：欧洲定居者的到来对美洲原住民的生活产生了巨大的影响。 考查名词辨析。fault错误；effect影响；change改变；result结果。根据“The arrival of the European settlers had a great...on the life of the Native Americans.”可知，此处指欧洲人对美洲原住民的生活有影响，have an effect on“对……有影响”。故选B。 (8) —I want to visit the Louvre Museum. Could you tell me something about it? —Sorry, I know little about it. You can read the ______ on its website. A．situation B．creation C．instruction D．introduction 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我想参观卢浮宫博物馆。你能告诉我一些关于它的信息吗？——抱歉，我对此了解不多。你可以在它的官网上阅读介绍。 situation情况；creation创造；instruction说明；introduction介绍。根据“Could you tell me something about it?”及“know little about it”可知，是想了解博物馆的相关信息，建议去官网阅读介绍，应填introduction。 (9) My spoken English ________ greatly since I joined the English club. A．improved B．has improved C．was improving D．will improve 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自从我加入英语俱乐部以来，我的英语口语已经大大提高了。 根据句中时间状语“since I joined the English club”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，对现在造成影响，主句应用现在完成时。应填has improved。 (10) —How long have you been back from London? —For two months. I ________ there for three years. A．have studied B．studied C．study D．will study 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你从伦敦回来多久了？——两个月了。我在那里学习了三年。 根据答语“For two months”及问句“have you been back”可知说话人现在已经回到国内，在伦敦学习的动作发生在过去且已经结束，不再持续，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式studied。 4. 选择填空 A gentle   basic   reader   naughty   librarian enemy  doubt  consider 1．This magazine is for younger . 2．The Monkey King is so powerful that he uses his powers to attack all the . 3．You should other people before you act. 4．You can ask the for help if you can’t find a book in a library. 5．You should believe in yourself instead of yourself. 6．The boy often plays tricks on his classmates. 7．She smiled and said goodbye. 8．Learning cooking skills is important for everyday life. 【答案】1．readers 2．enemies 3．consider 4．librarian 5．doubting 6．naughty 7．gently 8．basic 【解析】 1．句意：这本杂志是面向年轻读者的。根据“This magazine is for younger...”及备选词汇可知，此处指杂志的读者，reader表示“读者”，结合“younger”的泛指含义，需用复数形式readers。故填readers。 2．句意：孙悟空法力高强，他用自己的法力攻击所有的敌人。根据“The Monkey King ... attack ...”及备选词汇可知，此处指“敌人”，enemy“敌人”符合语境，结合“all”可知，应用复数形式，enemy的复数为enemies。故填enemies。 3．句意：你在行动前应该考虑别人的感受。根据“before you act”及备选词汇可知，此处指“考虑”，consider“考虑”，情态动词should后接动词原形。故填consider。 4．句意：如果你在图书馆找不到书，可以向图书管理员求助。根据“if you can’t find a book in a library”及备选词汇可知，此处指图书馆的管理员，librarian表示“图书管理员”，符合语境，用单数形式即可。故填librarian。 5．句意：你应该相信自己，而不是怀疑自己。根据“believe in yourself instead of”及备选词汇可知，此处指“怀疑”，doubt“怀疑”符合语境，“instead of”后接动名词，doubt的动名词形式为doubting。故填doubting。 6．句意：这个淘气的男孩经常捉弄他的同学。根据“often plays tricks on his classmates”及备选词汇可知，此处指男孩很淘气，naughty表示“淘气的”，修饰名词boy。故填naughty。 7．句意：她温柔地笑着说了再见。根据“She smiled...and said goodbye”及备选词汇可知，此处指温柔地笑，gentle表示“温柔的”，需用副词形式gently修饰动词smiled。故填gently。 8．句意：学习基础烹饪技巧对日常生活很重要。根据“Learning...cooking skills is important for everyday life.”及备选词汇可知，此处指基础的烹饪技巧，basic表示“基础的”，形容词，修饰名词短语cooking skills。故填basic。 B 用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空 prove to be, lock up, get to one’s feet, day by day 1．Remember to the house when you go out, especially at night. 2． the plant grew taller and taller, and gradually the little girl became better and better. 3．The old key useful when we tried to open the ancient box. 4．The boy fell down but quickly and continued running. 【答案】1．lock up 2．Day by day 3．proved to be 4．got to his feet 【解析】1．句意：出门时记得把房子锁好，尤其是在晚上。根据“… the house when you go out, especially at night.”可知，备选短语lock up“把……锁好”，表示出门时要把房子锁好，符合语境，remember to do sth.“记得去做某事”，为固定结构，to后接动词原形。故填lock up。 2．句意：这株植物一天天长高，小女孩也渐渐好转了。分析句子结构，空格处作为状语修饰整个句子，表示时间推移，day by day“逐渐地、一天天地”，为副词短语，符合语境，句首首字母需大写。故填Day by day。 3．句意：当我们试图打开这个古旧盒子时，那把旧钥匙证明是有用的。根据“The old key … useful”可知，空格处缺谓语动词，备选短语prove to be“结果是、证明是”，其后接形容词作表语，符合语境，从句使用了一般过去时，表明主句描述的状态是在过去那个时间点被证实的，因此主句谓语也需使用一般过去时，其过去式为proved to be。故填proved to be。 4．句意：男孩摔倒了，但迅速站起来继续跑。根据“fell down”及“continued running”可知，此处表示男孩摔倒后站起来了，get to one’s feet“站起来”，符合语境，整个句子描述过去发生的一系列动作，时态为一般过去时，主语“The boy”为男性单数，one’s用his，get的过去式为got。故填got to his feet。 C Touching destroy considered bottom defeat without doubt heart Have you ever read the book The Gift of the Magi? This famous American love story tells about Della and Jim, a poor but loving couple. Even though they had little money, they 1 buying special gifts for each other. 2 , they made big sacrifices (牺牲)—Della sold her long hair, and Jim sold his gold watch. When they exchanged gifts, they found something 3 : combs (梳子) for Della’s cut hair and a watchband (表带) for Jim’s sold watch. At first they cried, but then laughed. Though they met lots of difficulties in life, nothing can 4 their deep care and love for each other. For over 100 years, this simple tale has shown that the best gifts come from the 5 not money. 【答案】1．considered 2．Without doubt 3．touching 4．defeat 5．heart 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国著名爱情故事《麦琪的礼物》中德拉和吉姆这对贫穷但相爱的夫妻，尽管钱少却想给对方买特别礼物，他们做出巨大牺牲，交换礼物时出现意外情况，虽遇生活困难但彼此关爱未被击败，这个故事表明最好的礼物源自内心而非金钱。 【详解】 1．句意：尽管他们没有多少钱，但他们考虑给对方买特别的礼物。根据“they had little money”和“buying special gifts for each other”以及备选词汇可知，此处表达他们考虑做某事，考查consider doing sth“考虑做某事”；句子陈述过去的情况，时态应用一般过去时，动词consider的过去式为considered。故填considered。 2．句意：毫无疑问，他们做出了巨大的牺牲——德拉卖掉了她的长发，吉姆卖掉了他的金表。根据“they made big sacrifices (牺牲)”和备选词汇可知，此处表达毫无疑问他们做出了牺牲，考查without doubt“毫无疑问”，在句中作状语，句首首字母大写。故填Without doubt。 3．句意：当他们交换礼物时，他们发现了一些令人感动的事情：适用于德拉剪短头发的梳子和给吉姆卖掉的手表的表带。根据“combs (梳子) for Della's cut hair and a watchband (表带) for Jim's sold watch”和备选词汇可知，此处指他们发现的事情是令人感动的，考查touching“令人感动的”，形容词，在句中作后置定语修饰something。故填touching。 4．句意：尽管他们在生活中遇到了很多困难，但没有什么能击败他们对彼此深深的关心和爱。根据“Though they met lots of difficulties in life”和“their deep care and love for each other”以及备选词汇可知，此处表达困难不能击败他们的关爱，考查defeat“击败”，动词；情态动词can后接动词原形。故填defeat。 5．句意：100多年来，这个简单的故事表明，最好的礼物来自内心，而不是金钱。根据“the best gifts come from the…not money”和备选词汇可知，此处指礼物来自内心，考查heart“内心”，名词；此处特指他们的内心，用单数形式。故填heart。 5. 翻译句子 (1) 你最好每天早点睡觉，否则你的健康状况会很差。 【答案】You’d better go to bed early every day, or your health will be in a bad state. (2) 离开前记得锁好办公室的门! 【答案】Remember to lock up the office door before you leave! (3) 老人从椅子上站起来，伸手去拿他的拐杖。 【答案】The old man got to his feet from the chair and reached for his walking stick. (4) 天气在一天天地变热。 【答案】The weather is getting hotter day by day. (5) 毫无疑问，轮子是有史以来最重要的发明之一。 【答案】Without doubt, the wheel is one of the most important inventions of all time 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $