题型二 时文阅读专练-【众相原创·赋能中考】2026年陕西中考英语方向卷

题型二 时文阅读专练 一、选择型阅读 Passage 1 This is a tomato plant.It has five main parts:the roots(),the stems(),the leaves,the flowers and the fruits.Each part has their jobs. Leaves get sunlight and Fruits hold seeds. make sugar.The plant uses sugar as food. Flowers make fruits and seeds Stems carry water,nutrients( and sugar throughout the plant.They also hold the leaves. Roots take in water and nutrients from the soil.They also hold the plant in place. ()1.What does the text mainly talk about? A.The way a tomato plant grows. B.The parts of a tomato plant and their jobs. C.The reason why a tomato plant needs sunlight. D.The place a tomato plant holds its seeds. ()2.What does the tomato plant use as food? A.Sunlight. B.Sugar. C.Seeds. D.Leaves. ()3.【情境运用题】Which sentence uses“take in”with the same meaning as the underlined phrase? A.I can't take in this math problem. B.My aunt took in a lost dog last week. C.Small children should take in more fresh air outdoors. D.This box of fruits takes in apples,bananas and oranges. Passage 2 Let's turn steamed eggs()into art!It's like magic in the kitchen-you cook,draw,and eat your own painting.Ready?Let's follow these four fun steps! Step 1:Make Your "Magic Mixture".Put 3 eggs in a plate.Add some very hot water and a little salt.Then mix them until everything is smooth and yellow. Step2:Prepare Your“White Paper”.Now,take a spoon and gently remove all the bubbles(泡沬) on top.This makes your egg mixture super smooth.Then put the plate into a steamer. Step 3:Draw Your Secret Picture.Wait for 10 minutes.And the egg turns into a piece of soft,white “paper'”！Take a toothpick(牙签)-your magic pen--and draw anything you like:a mountain,a bird,or even your name.Be creative! Step 4:Bring Your Art to Life.Slowly pour light soy sauce()over your drawing.Watch as the sauce goes into your lines and your picture magically appears! You create food,and that's also an art.Try it and taste your imagination! 5 ()1.Why should we remove the bubbles from the egg mixture before steaming? A.To make the egg easy to cook. B.To make the egg taste saltier. C.To change the color of the egg. D.To make the egg mixture smooth. （)2.【图片排序题】Which order can show the right steps to make the dish according to the passage? b. A.c-a-b-d B.d-c-a-b C.c-a-d-b D.d-a-c-b ()3.What is the writer's main purpose of writing the passage? A.To tell readers how to choose fresh eggs. B.To introduce the history of steamed eggs in China. C.To teach readers to make steamed egg art in a fun way. D.To show readers how to draw pictures with a toothpick. Passage 3 Some people think the job of a doctor is the most respected job in the world. Doctors are great because they can help lots of people in danger and save their lives.Chinese doctors often use“xuan hu元shi”as their motto(座右铭).Do you want to know why doctors choose this saying as their motto? The Chinese saying "xuan hu ji shi"means practicing medicine to help save people's lives.The word hu in this saying does not really mean a pot.It means a bottle gourd().Chinese people used it to car- ry water,wine and medicine. According to Book of the Later Han,an old man walked into a crowded market to sell his medicine one day.He held a gourd in his hand.He said loudly,"The medicine in my gourd can make sick people be- come healthy again."At first,nobody thought the medicine could work.But some people tried the medicine and found it was helpful.They talked about it with each other.Other people heard it and came to buy the old man's medicine.He made a lot of money. However,the old man didn't keep the money.He gave it to poor people.People thought the old man was very kind and called him "Master of Hu".The saying"xuan hu ji shi"came from this story and is used to describe doctors with kind hearts. ()1.What did Chinese people use bottle gourds for? A.Carrying water,wine and medicine. B.Practicing medicine and saving lives. C.Selling medicine in crowded markets.D.Teaching people to be kind and helpful. ()2.【代词指代题】What does the underlined word“it”in Paragraph3 refer to? A.The water.B.The gourd.C.The medicine. D.The market. （)3.What can we learn from the story of“xuan hu ji shi”？ A.The old man could make good medicine.B.Doctors should give money to poor patients. C.Sick people should buy bottle gourds.D.Doctors with kind hearts are respected. ()4.Where is the passage probably from? A.A school noticeboard. B.A travel guide. C.A storybook. D.A science magazine. 6 Passage 4 When a person loses his or her wallet,it can be a terrible experience.However,a man named Tom showed a creative way to return a lost wallet,making sure the rightful(owner could get it back. Tom found a wallet on a Saturday morning near a supermarket.He opened it and saw an ID card and a bank card.He wanted to give it to the police at once,but it was 5 km away from the closest police station and he needed to go home.He worried that if he just left it in a lost and found box,someone might take it away.He decided to find a clever way-it was to make the owner get in touch with him directly without letting the cat out of the bag.So the owner's personal information would be safe. He came up with the idea because of the math puzzles(谜题)he loved..He created a code(代码) from the owner's birth date on the ID.He wrote,"Your birthday is the key!"He posted the note on the noticeboard of the supermarket. Black Wallet Found Your birthday is the key! You can call me by solving this: 30532468 YYYY MM DD+your birthday ←my phone number On Monday,I will send it to the police station. *Y=year,M=month,D=day Later that day,someone called,and finally the wallet was reunited()with its real owner.Tom's method of returning the lost wallet offers a valuable example.It shows that with some creativity and a bit of thinking,we can find practical solutions to problems.Moreover,it shows the importance of using available information,like the birth date on an ID card.This way not only reunites the owner with his or her lost belongings but also shows the power of creative thinking. （）l.What does the underlined phrase“letting the cat out of the bag”mean in the second paragraph? A.Hiding the real purpose. B.Telling a secret carelessly. C.Keeping the key information. D.Sharing the story with everyone. ()2.What made Tom get the idea of creating the code? A.The math puzzles he liked. B.A book he read recently. C.A policeman's suggestion. D.A TV show he watched. I was born on December 3rd,2013.Can you help me call Tom to get my wallet back?Please choose the right phone number! A.50663671. B.50663571 C.40663571. D.40663671. ()4.What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A.Creativity solves all problems. B.We should return lost items. C.Creative thinking is powerful. D.ID cards have useful information. 7 Passage 5 Would you like to improve your ability to work with your team?Here are three fun team-building games you can try. A:Group this You'll need... ·20-25 unrelated(无关联的)objects DDivide your team into smaller groups. 2Ask each group to put the objects into four types within the given time. 3When time is up,have each group explain why they put the objects that way. B:▲ You'll need... ●Paper for drawing ●Pens or pencils .A simple drawing for every two people DDivide your team into pairs and have each pair sit back-to-back. 2Give one member of each pair a drawing.Remind him/her not to show it to the partner. 3Give the other member of each pair the drawing tools. Have the person with the drawing describe it to the partner who will then try to recreate the picture. 5Have all groups compare their results.Who did the best job?What difficulties did each group face? C:Minefield You'll need... 、ò .An empty space,such as a basketball court 6 /6 ·Obstacles(障碍物)，such as chairs and cardboard boxes ●Blindfolds(眼罩) ①Place your obstacles throughout the empty space.These are your“mines(地雷)”. 2Divide your team into pairs and blindfold one person in each pair. 3Tell the team that the person without the blindfold must guide his/her partner through the course using only words. *To make things even harder,have more than one pair go through the course at the same time. ()1.In Game A,what are the team members required to do with the objects? A.Hide them for others to find. B.Describe how each one is used. C.Put them into groups and give reasons.D.Find the most valuable object and explain why. ()2.【标题还原题】Which of the following can be put in▲？ A.Talk and walk B.Guess the word C.Find the difference D.Back-to-back drawing ()3.The purpose of the text is to A.teach readers how to make team-building objects B.introduce some fun games to improve team cooperation C.explain why teamwork is important in daily life D.describe the rules of a popular outdoor game 8 Passage 6 Have you ever seen a dance that makes you feel like a bird is flying right in front of you?In Yunnan Province,the Dai people have such a magical performance called the Peacock Dance. To the Dai,the peacockis a symbol of good luck and happiness.In the Peacock Dance,dancers move like real peacocks.They stretch()their arms like wings,twist()their bodies,and step lightly,just like a bird walking proudly through the forest.Sometimes,the dancer shows the peacock fly- ing,drinking water or looking at its image in the river. One of the most well-known styles is the White Peacock Dance.It is usually performed by one or two dancers.These dancers wear long white dresses with patterns()of shiny peacock eyes.They also wear white masks and wing-like sleeves to look more like the bird.Their hands form different shapes. Sometimes,their fingers form a curved(shape that looks like a peacock's eye.Every movement is gentle,smooth and full of beauty. Usually,you can see this dance during the Dai New Year.It is performed to traditional music.The sound of the instruments fills the stage with energy and brings the dance to life. The Peacock Dance is not only a way to celebrate the beauty of life,but also a way to show the Dai people's deep love for nature.If you ever visit Yunnan,don't miss the chance to see this amazing dance! ()1.To the Dai,the peacock stands for A.a beautiful bird B.good luck and happiness C.the White Peacock Dance D.traditional music and dance ()2.What do the dancers wear to look like a peacock in the White Peacock Dance? A.Colorful dresses with flower patterns. B.Black masks and short sleeves. C.Long white dresses with peacock eye patterns. D.White hats and light scarves. ()3.【文章结构题】What is the structure of the passage? P P ®®®P ®® A.P2 P C. D. P ®①②① P 9 Passage 7 How to read news reports?Reading news reports isn't as simple as it seems.Begin a learning journey to level up your news reading skills! The lead is the first Title Lead paragraph and often The title describes← The most important information covers 5WIH(who, the main story. Body when,where,what, Other important information why and how). Background information Tail The tail often includes and details(细节)are Less important information future plans or related provided in the body. events. Try reading with the News Pyramid.The News Pyramid is a great tool to help you find the main informa- tion fast. Recognise untrue information Check where information comes from.Is the news from a trusted news website like China Daily? Is the writer's name real? Separate opinions from facts.Facts are what you can prove,for example,"National Volleyball Team won the match!"Opinions are personal ideas,such as "It's the best match!"They aren't always true! Avoid bias().Is only part of data shown?Do the facts only support one side? Compare how different news websites tell the same story! Explore more After reading a news report,try to tell 3 key facts,raise 2 doubts and choose one thing you want to study more. Connect the news with your life and think about how it can help you. ()1.In which part of news reports can you most probably find future plans? A.The titles.B.The leads. C.The tails. D.The bodies. ()2.Why is the News Pyramid mentioned in the text? A.To help readers connect news with personal life. B.To guide readers to find key information quickly. C.To encourage readers to study more after reading. D.To teach readers how to write news reports. ()3.According to the text,which of the following shows a fact in news reports? A."It's the best match!" B.“National Volleyball Team won the match!” C.“Chinese cities feel safer than ours.” D.“This car beats a Lamborghini！” ()4.Where is the text probably from? A.A food ad. B.A film review. C.A learning guide. D.A science report. 10 Passage 8 Recently,China has begun building a large hydropower project(水电站项目) in the lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River in Xizang Autonomous Region. The project will mainly provide electricity for other areas while also meeting local needs. The Yarlung Zangbo River starts in Xizang,China.It then runs through India and finally flows into Bangladesh.In Xizang,the river gets most of its water from melting snow and glaciers().The river passes through the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon(),the world's deepest canyon.At one point in Nyingchi,it makes a sharp turn called the "Great Bend",where the water level drops over 2,000 metres within a50-kilometre distance(距离). China plans to use this powerful falling water to produce electricity.This new project will include five hydropower stations,which will form the world's largest hydropower group.It will also include building a tunnel()which is about 20 kilometres long through a mountain.The project is expected to cost around 1.2 trillion()yuan.It will be fully completed by 2045.Once completed,the hydropower group will provide about 300 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity a year. We hope it will bring more benefits to people everywhere.It is reported that the project's purposes are to speed up the development of clean energy,greatly improve the life of local people,and actively fight climate change.In addition,the project will help reduce flood risk along the river.It will not harm downstream areas. ()1.Where does the Yarlung Zangbo River start? A.In India. B.In Bangladesh. C.In Xizang,China. D.In the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon. ()2.Which of the following is a part of the new hydropower project? A.Building 20 tunnels through mountains.B.Building 5 hydropower stations. C.Digging a 50-kilometre canyon. D.Moving local people to other areas. ()3.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A.How China will use the Yarlung Zangbo River to build the hydropower project. B.Why the Yarlung Zangbo River has a "Great Bend"in Nyingchi. C.How long the tunnel of the hydropower project will be. D.What the world's largest hydropower group looks like. ()4.What is one of the purposes of the project according to the passage? A.To build more factories in Xizang. B.To increase flood risk along the river. C.To slow down the development of clean energy. D.To improve local people's lives. 11 Passage 9 ①The Summer Solstice(夏至)，thel0 th solar term(节气)of the year,begins on June21 and ends on July 6,2026.At this time,much of the northern hemisphere()receives the most hours of daylight, but it doesn't bring the highest temperature which will come only 20 to 30 days later.The following are 4 things you might not know about the Summer Solstice. 2The longest day of the year. On the Summer Solstice itself,daylight lasts the longest for the whole year in the northern hemisphere. After this day,daylight hours get shorter and shorter and temperatures become higher in the northern hemi- sphere. ③▲ It's said that the whole day in Mohe,which lies in the northern part of China,lasts nearly 17 hours.The Summer Solstice is the best time for viewing the aurora()in Mohe,"the sleepless town of China". 4A public holiday in ancient times. The Summer Solstice was an important festival in ancient China.As early as the Han Dynasty (202 BC-220 AD),the Summer Solstice was already celebrated.Before the Qing Dynasty (1636-1912), people even had a one-day holiday on the Summer Solstice.According to the records of the Song Dynasty (960-1279),officials could have three days off during the Summer Solstice.To celebrate the Summer Solstice,women gave colored fans and sachets to each other.Fans could help them cool down.And the sachets could drive away mosquitoesand make them smell sweet. ⑤Eating noodles.. There is a saying in Shandong Province which goes,"Eat dumplings on the Winter Solstice and eat noodles on the Summer Solstice.People in different areas of Shandong Province eat cold noodles on this day.Other people around China,including those in Beijing,also have a tradition of eating noodles. （)l.【句子还原题】Which of the following can be put in the“▲_”？ A.How long is the longest day in China? B.When does Mohe get the highest temperature? C.Why does China have the longest daylight? D.Where can we view the aurora? ()2.【写作手法题】How does the writer develop Paragraph4? A.By comparing differences. B.By listing numbers. C.By giving examples. D.By showing opinions. ()3.【细节归纳题】What were sachets used to do during the Song Dynasty? ①To bring good luck. 2To help people cool down. ③To smell sweet. 4To drive away mosquitoes. A.①② B.③④ C.②③ D.①③ ()4.What's the passage mainly about? A.Traditional customs during the Summer Solstice B.The funny activities during the Summer Solstice. C.The background of the 24 solar terms. D.Knowledge about the Summer Solstice. 12 Passage 10 While studying a map of China,have you ever noticed the Mu Us Desert(毛乌素沙漠)with a total area of about 42,200 square kilometers in the northwest?If you haven't,then you probably never will. That's because the desert is disappearing.You might want to know:Why is this happening?Who is the “killer'”？Well,this is not a sad story.Itis,instead,the result of years of afforestation(i树造林) efforts.The Mu Us Desert used to be one of the largest deserts in China.Sandstorms were common in northern Shaanxi.Lots of people had to leave their homes. The fight against desertification()began in the 1970s.The work was more than tiring.He Li'e led an afforestation team in Bulanghe,a town in Yulin,Shaanxi.They once spent a whole afternoon plant- ing trees under the burning sun.That night,however,a strong wind blew away all the young trees.Crying was useless.The next day,the team planted all the trees again. In Yulin,there are many other sandstorm fighters.One of them is Guo Chengwang.With encourage- ment from the government,in 1985,he started to plant trees in his village.He kept doing this for nearly 40 years.Though the old man has passed away,his children,grandchildren and great-grandchildren have con- tinued the job.The family has turned 30 km2 of desert into woods.These trees have made a big difference. In Yulin,the number of sandy days has dropped from 100 in 2000 to 10 now. With continuing efforts,the Mu Us Desert will be gone.It has changed from "looking for green in the sand"in the past to "looking for sand in the green".Our motherland is becoming greener and lovelier. ()1.Why will people never see the Mu Us Desert on the map? A.Because the sandstorms are common.B.Because no people lived in the desert. C.Because the desert is becoming smaller.D.Because someone killed the trees there. （)2.【写作手法题】How does the writer show the result of the afforestation efforts in Paragraph3? A.By comparing facts. B.By listing reasons. C.By asking questions. D.By showing pictures. ()3.What was the work of fighting against desertification like? A.Useless but special. B.Boring but different. C.Hopeless but important. D.Tiring but meaningful. ()4.【文章结构题】Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? ① ①D A B. ④ ② ① D ② 3 ④ ④ 13 二、任务型阅读 Passage 1 Learning is an important part of our life.For thousands of years,Chinese wise men have talked a lot about its meaning. To learn and then practice ofien,isn't that pleasant?-Confucius Without learning,one can't develop talents.-Zhuge Kongming Why is learning so important?First,it helps us gain knowledge.Through learning,we know about the world-from history to science.Second,it builds our thinking skills.When we learn,we learn to ask, think and judge.Third,it helps us grow into better people.It teaches us good values and helps us achieve our dreams. In fact,there are five key steps to effective(learning,which have been valued for centuries and still work today. Five Steps of Learning School Examples Step 1:Learn widely.Read different Cao Xinyi,13,from Taiyuan books.listen to teachers and explore After I learned about"saving new things. energy"in class,I started to turn Step 2:Ask carefully.When you don't off the lights every time I leave a room.I also told my family members to reuse understand something,don't be afraid water.like using the water from washing to ask. vegetables to water the plants.Small actions Step 3:Think deeply.Use your brain can make a big difference! to connect new knowledge with what you have already known. Hu Xiaojing,14,from Datong Step 4:Practice regularly.You need In physics class,our teacher told to practice what you've learned again us that water boils at 100C.A strange and again. question came into my mind,"Why doesn't Step 5:Use wisely.The final goal is to water boil at 100℃on a high mountain?”So use knowledge in real life.Using it wisely I went to the library to read more books to find makes learning meaningful. out the answer. These five steps guide us to learn better.Remember:Learning is a lifelong journey.It's not just for exams,but for every day of our life. 1.What do Zhuge Kongming's words mainly tell us? They tell us 2.How many reasons does the writer give about why learning is important? The writer gives reasons 3.Which step of learning does Cao Xinyi's example belong to? It belongs to 4.How did Hu Xiaojing solve her problem? She solved the problem by to find out the answer. 5.As a middle school student,what does learning mean to you?Why do you think so? 14 Passage 2 Fengxiang,a county in Shaanxi Province,is well-known for its clay figurines The craft()of making clay figurines has a history of more than 3,000 years. Records show the craft first appeared during the Western Zhou Dynasty and developed quickly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.The bright-colored figurines show China's rich history and culture. a work of Fengxiang Ancient Chinese people enjoyed buying clay figurines,especially during clay figurine festivals or holidays.They believed the figurines would bring good luck and happiness to their families. However,it is A to make the clay figurines.The traditional technique of clay figurines has many steps.Artists make clay into different shapes by hand,then dry the clay figurines and paint them in differ- ent colors.It always takes artists lots of time and energy to make a clay figurine. Nowadays,because of the fast development of technology,clay figurines have been produced in a great number of models.People create the clay in different models and then use these models to make figurines all the time.It has a bad impact on the handicrafts().What's more,the old artists worry that fe- wer and fewer young people want to learn the craft. In 2006,the art form was added to the list of China's intangible cultural heritage.In recent years,the government of Fengxiang County has been paying attention to clay figurines.Then the old art form becomes popular in China again.With the development of the Chinese market,the clay figurines have sold well in many other countries,such as Australia,Singapore,Japan and the United States. 1.When did the craft of Fengxiang clay figurines first appear? It first appeared 2.Why did ancient Chinese people buy clay figurines during festivals or holidays? Because they believed the figurines would to their families 3.【单词还原题】What word(s)can you put in the“▲_”？ I can put“ ”there 4.【反向猜词题】Which English word means“影响”in the passage? It's“ 5.What does the writer mainly tell us in the passage? The writer mainly tells us Passage 3 The classroom is a place where we spend most of our school days,and its setup can greatly influence our learning experience.In fact,there are many different classroom seating arrangements().Let's take a look at some of them. Traditional Seating Students sit alone in rows.This seating arrangement helps students listen to the teacher carefully.But it is not convenient for students to have discussions in class. Paired Seating Two desks are put together.Students sit side by side.Sitting in pairs allows students to discuss problems and cooperate()with their deskmates.However,some students can't focus on their lessons because they may chat with their deskmates. 15 Group Seating Students sit in small groups,facing each other.This arrangement is great for either large classes or small classrooms.It is good for group discussions and cooperation.But there is a problem.When students are doing group work,some of them may sit back and leave others to find a way out. U-Shape Seating Desks are placed in a U-shape.This kind of seating creates an open space in the middle.The teacher has enough space to move around.However,it takes up more class- room space. Every coin has two sides.Every seating arrangement has its own advantages and disadvantages. 1.How do students sit in traditional seating? They in rows. 2.What may happen if students sit in pairs? Some students can't because they may chat with their deskmates. 3.【图片匹配题】Which seating arrangement does the picture on the right match? The picture on the right matches" 4.What is the disadvantage of U-shape seating? It takes up 5.Which seating arrangement do you like best?Give your reason(s). I like best,because Passage 4 Have you heard of the idiom "Jing Wei Fen Ming"?It comes from a natural wonder in Shaanxi Province-the meeting of the Jing River and the Wei River. The Wei River is an important tributary'of the Yellow River.It runs through the Guanzhong Plain( in Shaanxi.The Jing River is a tributary of the Wei River.It starts from Ningxia and flows through the Loess Plateau().Long ago,the Jing River had clearer water because there were more plants in its upper areas. When the Jing River and the Wei River met in Gaoling,Xi'an,a special sight appeared.Due to different sediment content(沉积物含量)and flow speeds,one river was clear and the other was turbid..They didn't mix easily,forming a special line between them.At first,people saw "clear Jing and turbid Wei".But as trees were cut down,the Jing River became turbid.Later,it even became "clear Wei and turbid Jing". This wonder was recorded in the ancient book The Book of Songs(《诗经》).The Tang Dynasty poet Du Fu also wrote about it in his poem Autumn Rain Lament(《秋雨叹》)，“How long will the turbid Jing and clear Wei remain separate?" Today,the idiom "Jing Wei Fen Ming"keeps the idea of"clear and turbid" It is not only used to describe natural wonders,but also widely used to describe a clear difference between right and wrong,or two very different views or styles."Jing Wei Fen Ming"shows the wisdom of ancient Chinese people-they learned from nature and turned it into a cultural idea. *A tributary is a river that flows into a larger river or a lake. 16 1.Where does the idiom "Jing Wei Fen Ming"come from? It comes from 2.【代词指代题】What does the underlined word“It”in Paragraph2 refer to? It refers to 3.【反向猜词题】Which English word in the passage means“浑浊的”？ t's“ 4.【段落要点题】Which paragraph shows how ancient people described“clear Wei and turbid Jing”？ It's Paragraph 5.Write a title for this passage with the word "introduction"in no more than eight words. Passage 5 How did you sleep last night?Did you choose your favorite position() at bedtime like most people?However,once sleep set in,you probably changed to different positions. If you wonder whether there is the best way to sleep,you're not alone.There's a lot of information online about how to sleep.Many products have also been created to help people sleep in a healthier position. But in fact,we have much less control over how we sleep than we might think.According to some scientists,we'd better not even try to do that."Sometimes there's more harm than good in trying to control your sleep position,"says Raman Malhotra,a medical expert. Joseph De Koninck,a psychologist(心理学家)in Canada,has wondered how people really sleep at night.He created a way to photograph sleep positions without waking up a person.As it turned out,the positions people take at the beginning of sleep are not necessarily the ones they use through the night.After many studies,Joseph found one thing-once you go to sleep,your body is in charge of its position. Malhotra agrees."There are positions that are more comfortable for some patients,"he says."For example,a pain in your left leg might cause you to sleep mostly on your right side.But it can be hard to train people to avoid certain positions during their sleep. Instead of worrying about something that's hard to control,why not ask yourself how you feel when you wake up?If you're well-rested and don't have sleep problems,there's no need to worry about your sleep positions.So,next time you go to sleep,close your eyes,relax,and let nature take its course. 1.【写作手法题】How does the writer begin the passage'? The writer begins the passage by 2.What is mainly explained in the third paragraph? It mainly explains the reason for 17 3.【单词替换题】Which word or group of words can be replaced by“control”? It's“ 4.According to Malhotra,how may a man sleep at night if his left leg gets hurt? He may sleep 5.Write a title for this passage with the words "best,position"in no more than eight words. Passage 6 Chinese style is getting more and more popular.Tea culture,as one of the symbols of Chinese style,is shining all around the world as well.It is said that the tea was first discovered and drunk by Chinese people in Shennong Period.So some people believed that the teapot was supposed to be created at that time,but that's not true at all. The first teapot wasn't created until the Ming Dynasty.It was almost 500 years after tea was made to drink.In the early days,people usually put tea leaves directly into a cup full of hot water.Yixing teapots are the most famous for sure.They are made of a kind of purple clay()named zisha.This kind of clay can bring out the taste of tea.If a teapot is used long enough,it will store enough of the tea's taste.Yixing teapots are made by hand and in some traditional ways.Also,its constructions and making process have changed little over centuries. The pronunciation of"pot"is similar to that of "fu"in Chinese.It represents Chinese people's beauti- ful wishes for life.In our daily life,we use the teapot to make and enjoy tea.It not only provides us with a delicious drink but also brings a sense of relaxation and enjoyment.The teapot is also a symbol of hospi- tality(好客)，showing our respect and welcome to guests. I love Chinese teapots not only for their great use but also for their deep culture.They carry our history, show our beauty,and pass our traditional culture from generation to generation.As Chinese teenagers,we should understand and value them,and let the lovely teapot culture shine more brighly in the future. 1.What is one of the symbols of Chinese style according to the passage? is one of the symbols of Chinese style. 2.When did the first teapot appear according to the passage? It appeared in the 3.Why are Yixing teapots so special? Because they and in some traditional ways. 4.What does the pronunciation of the teapot represent in Chinese? It represents for life. 5.What's the main idea of the passage? It's about 18 Passage 7 When it comes to Chinese kung fu,many people think of famous movie stars like Bruce Lee and Mi- chelle Yeoh.Their movies introduce the audience to many different forms of Chinese kung fu.But outside of these movies,how much do you actually know about kung fu? Chinese kung fu is generally divided into two types.One is used for fighting and the other for exerci- sing. Shaolin kung fu,for example,can be used to attack and guard against enemies in a real fight.Its movements are short but powerful. As to strength-building kung fu,the "Five-Animal Exercises"is a famous example.It imitates() the movements of the calm bear,the strong tiger,the flexible ape,the quiet deer,and the free-flying bird. Hua Tuo,the famous Han Dynasty doctor,invented it to help people stay fit. Chinese kung fu requires mental strength and physical movements.One usually needs to be very fo- cused to use all the power at the moment of striking.However,"drunken boxing"is a special example that uses different rules.It imitates the movements of a drunken man.A master of this kung fu appears to lose balance.But in fact,he is using unexpected movements to trick and defeat his enemies. Chinese kung fu has many different skills and moves.Some people may think it's cool and fun to learn its beautiful poses.However,if they don't connect their inner strength with these poses,their movements will be thought "not practical".Real kung fu actually starts with daily practice.As a saying goes,one should "stand like a pine,sit like a bell,and lie like a bow".Why not practise now? 1.What are the two main types of Chinese kung fu used for? They are used for 2.Why can Shaolin kung fu be used in a real fight? Because its 3a 3.【图文结合题】What are the animals related to the item in the Five-Animal picture on the right? Exercises Write the animals'name next to the items. 4.How can learners make their movements practical? Connect with 5.What do you think of Chinese kung fu? It's 19The fresh air,the sound of birds and the smell of flowers will make us feel relaxed.Second,getting close to nature can help us build a healthy lifestyle.We can go hiking,swim- ming or cycling and these activities can help us develop good habits.Finally,it can help us get on well with others and make more new friends. In a word,getting close to nature is very important to us. We should spend some time enjoying the beauty of nature Passage 12 1.conversation 2.useful way 3.patient 4.something interesting 5.fully understand 【听力材料】 Many students know English grammar well.But when they have a conversation,they may feel helpless.The following are four tips for improving your spoken English. First,find English-speaking partners to practice with. Joining an English club can be a useful way.Besides,be patient to get your pronunciation right.It's a good idea to listen to videos and read the difficult words at least three times.It's also important to connect English speaking practice with something interesting.And that is the secret to language learning.Last but not least,reading out loud is actually a great way to improve speaking.Make sure you practice with texts that you fully understand. Follow the tips and I hope you can learn wisely Passage 13 1.1999 2.cleaning 3.entered 4.check safety 5.bravely face 【听力材料】 Pang Zhongwang was born in a poor village in 1999. His father had health problems,and his mother couldn't walk.What was worse,he had a heart problem.When Pang was a child,he had to do many chores in his daily life- cooking,cleaning,and even collecting waste to sell for money. Although he met so many difficulties,Pang never gave up studying.His hard work paid off.In 2017,he got 744 points in total and entered Tsinghua University.At university, Pang also did part-time jobs to help his family.Later,he invented a new system to check safety on high-speed trains. Pang says,"Hard times don't last forever.If you work hard,you can change your life."His story encourages us to bravely face challenges. 题型二 时文阅读专练 一、选择型阅读 Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了番茄植株 的五个主要部分（根、茎、叶、花、果实）及其各自的功能。 1.B【解析】主旨大意题。文章开头就点明番茄植株有 五个主要部分，然后分别介绍了根、茎、叶、花、果实的 功能，B项“番茄植株的各个部分及其作用”符合 题意。 2.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“Leaves get sunlight and make sugar.The plant uses sugar as food.”可知，番茄植 株以糖作为养分。 3.C【解析】情境运用题。文中“take in'”意为“吸收” (根吸收水分和养分)。选项C中“take in more fresh air”的“take in”也表示“吸收”，与原文含义一致。 Passage 2 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了将蒸 蛋变成“艺术作品”的四个趣味步骤。 1.D【解析】细节理解题。根据Step2的第二、三句 "Now,take a spoon and gently remove all the bubbles (泡沫)on top.This makes your egi器mixture super smooth.”可知，蒸之前去除泡沫是为了让蛋液变得非 常光滑。 2.C【解析】图片排序题。根据步骤顺序，“Step1: Make Your‘Magic Mixture'"对应c,“Step2:Prepare Your‘White Paper'”对应a,“Step3:Draw Your Secret Picture''对应d,“Step4:Bring Your Art to Life”对应 b,正确顺序为c-a-d-b。 必 3.C【解析】写作目的题。通读全文可知，文章主要介 点 绍了将蒸蛋变成艺术作品的四个趣味步骤，作者创作 练 本文的真正目的是教读者用有趣的方式制作蒸蛋 艺术。 Passage 3 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“悬壶 济世”这一中文成语的来历，含义及使用场景。 1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知， 中国人用葫芦来装水、酒和药。故选A。 2.C【解析】代词指代题。根据画线单词所在句可知， 有一些人尝试了这种药，发现它确实管用。因此“t” 指代前文提到的“the medicine”。 3.D【解析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一句可知， “悬壶济世”用来形容有仁爱之心的医生，因此我们从 故事中了解到：有仁爱之心的医生受人尊敬。 4.C【解析】文章出处题。本文讲述了一个关于成语 “悬壶济世”由来的故事，因此最可能出自故事书。 Passage 4 【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Tom 在超市附近捡到一个钱包后，利用自己喜爱的数学谜题 设计了一个精巧的代码，在不泄露失主个人隐私的前提 下，成功将钱包归还给失主的故事。 1.B【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线短语所在句及其后 句可知，Tom想直接联系失主且不希望泄露其个人信 息。由此可推断，此处“letting the cat out of the bag''指 无意中泄露了秘密或信息。 2.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知， Tom对数学谜题的热爱让他产生了创建代码来联系 33 失主的想法。 3.A【解析】数字计算题。根据“He created a code(代 码)from the owner's birth date on the ID.”以及给出的 算式可知，电话号码是由固定数字与生日数字相加得 出的。失主出生于2013年12月3日，按照YYYYM MDD格式为20131203。计算过程为：30532468+ 20131203=50663671。 4.C【解析】段落大意题。最后一段提到了创造力能帮 助解决问题，还在结尾强调了创造性思维本身的力 量，是对整个故事的总结和升华。 Passage 5 【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三种 有趣的团队建设游戏，旨在帮助学生提升团队协作能力。 1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据Game A的规则“Ask each group to put the objects into four types...have each group explain why they put the objects that way.”可知， 成员需要把物品分类并说明原因。 2.D【解析】标题还原题。根据Game B的规则“Divide your team into pairs and have each pair sit back-to-back... describe it to the partner who will then try to recreate the picture..”可知，这个游戏是背对背画图。 考点快 3.B【解析】写作目的题。根据文章第一段可知，文章 目的是介绍提升团队协作的趣味游戏。 Passage 6 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了孔崔 在傣族文化中的象征意义，描述了孔雀舞舞者的动作与 服饰特点，并说明了它在傣族新年等场合的表演情况，展 现了这一舞蹈的文化内涵与艺术魅力。 1.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句可 知，在傣族人民心中，孔雀代表着好运与幸福。 2.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第三、四句可知 舞者穿着带有孔雀眼图案的白色长裙，搭配白色面具 和翼状袖子来模仿孔雀。 3.A【解析】文章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出 傣族孔雀舞这一主题；第二至四段分别介绍孔雀的象 征意义、孔雀舞的动作、白孔雀舞的服饰特点，以及表 演场合：第五段总结孔雀舞的文化价值，并发出观赏 邀请。因此文章结构为：总一分一总。 Passage 7 【主旨大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了阅读 新闻报道的要，点和步骤。 1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“The tail often includes future plans or related events..”可知，新闻的结尾通常 包括将来的计划或相关事件。 2.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“Try reading with the News Pyramid.The News Pyramid is a great tool to help you find the main information fast.”可知，“新闻金字 塔”的主要作用是帮助读者快速找到关键信息。 3.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“Facts are what you can 34 prove,for example,National Volleyball Team won the match!”可知，“国家排球队赢了这场比赛！”是能证 明的事实。 4.C【解析】文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文围绕 “提升新闻阅读技巧”展开，提供结构化学习方法，符 合“学习指南”的特征。 Passage 8 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国 在西藏雅鲁藏布江下游建设大型水电站项目的背景、规 划、规模及目的，说明了该项目在供电、清洁能源发展、改 善民生和防洪等方面的多重意义。 1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，雅 鲁藏布江发源于中国西藏。 2.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，建 设五座水电站是新项目的一部分。 3.A【解析】段落大意题。通读第三段可知，该段主要 介绍了中国如何规划建设雅鲁藏布江水电站项目，包 括电站数量、隧道建设和投资规模等内容，选项A符 合题意。 4.D【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知， 该项目的目的之一是改善当地人民的生活。 Passage 9 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于 夏至的四个冷知识。 1.A【解析】句子还原题。根据“It's said that the whole day in Mohe,which lies in the northern part of China, lasts nearly17hous.”可知，A选项“中国最长的一天 是多长时间？”符合语境。 2.C【解析】写作手法题。根据“As early as the Han Dynasty (202 BC-220 AD),the Summer Solstice was already celebrated.Before the Qing Dynasty (1636- 1912),people even had a one-day holiday on the Summer Solstice.According to the records of the Song Dynasty (960-1279),officials could have three days off during the Summer Solstice.”可知，本段通过多个具体例子展 开：汉朝庆祝夏至，清朝前人们在夏至有1天假期，宋 朝官员在夏至有3天假期。 3.B【解析】细节归纳题。根据“..the sachets could drive away mosquitoes and make them smell sweet. 知，香囊的作用是驱蚊和留香。 4.D【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介 绍了关于夏至的四个冷知识。 Passage 10 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国 在治理毛乌素沙漠付出的努力及最终的成效。 1.C【解析】细节理解题。根据“If you haven't,then you probably never will.That's because the desert is disap- pearing.”可知，沙漠正在变小。 2.A【解析】写作手法题。根据“These trees have made a big difference.In Yulin,the number of sandy days has dropped from100in2000to10now.”可知，是通过比较 事实的方法。 3.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段及最后一段可 知，这项工作是累的，但我们祖国变得越来越绿，越来 越可爱，因此这项工作辛苦但有意义。 4.D【解析】文章结构题。根据第一段以及通读全文可 知，第一段引出文章话题，第二段和第三段具体介绍 毛乌素沙漠植树造林的情况，最后一段进行总结，因 此是总一分一总结构。 二、任务型阅读 Passage 1 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章开篇引用孔子和 诸葛亮的古语强调学习的重要性，并从获取知识、培养思 维能力和塑造人格三个方面阐述了学习对个人成长的意 义，接着介绍了五个有效的学习步骤，并以两位学生的实 际例子加以说明。 1.the importance/meaning of learning【解析】根据文中 用的诸葛亮名言“Without learning,one can't develop talents.”可知，这句话主要告诉我们学习对于发展才 能的重要性。 2.3/hree【解析】根据文中“First,it helps us gain knowledge...Second,it builds our thinking skills... Third,it helps us grow into better people.”可知，原因有 三点。 3.Step5/Five【解析】根据曹欣怡的例子，她将课堂上 学到的“节约能源”知识应用到实际生活中（随手关 灯、一水多用)，这对应五个学习步骤中的最后一步 “Use wisely”(学以致用)。 4.going to the library to read more books【解析】根据胡 晓静的例子，她遇到“高山上的水为什么不在100℃ 沸腾”的问题后，通过去图书馆阅读更多书籍找到了 答案。 5.Learning means opening a door to a bigger world for me. It helps me understand different cultures and prepare for my future dreams..【解析】本题为开放性设问，答案 言之有理即可。 Passage 2 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了陕西 凤翔泥塑的历史和制作工序的繁杂以及现在面临的困难 和机遇等 L.during the Western Zhou Dynasty【解析】根据 "Records show the craft first appeared during the West- ern Zhou Dynasty and developed quickly during the Ming and Qing Dynasties..”可知，凤翔泥塑这门手艺最早出 现在西周时期。 2.bring good luck and happiness【解析】根据“Ancient Chinese people enjoyed buying clay figurines,especially during festivals or holidays.They believed the figurines would bring good luck and happiness to their families." 可知，古代中国人在节日期间购买泥塑是因为他们相 信泥塑会给他们的家庭带来好运和幸福。 3.hard/difficult/not easy【解析】根据“The traditional technique of clay figurines has many steps.Artists make clay into different shapes by hand,then dry the clay figurines and paint them in different colors.It always takes artists lots of time and energy to make a clay f6 gurine..”可知，制作泥塑有很多步骤，需要花费大量 时间和精力，所以制作泥塑是困难的。 4.impact【解析】根据“Nowadays,because of the fast development of technology,clay figurines have been produced in a great number of models.People create the clay in different models and then use these models to make figurines all the time.It has a bad impact on the handicrafts(手工艺品).”可知，文中表示“影响”的英 文单词是“impact”。 5.some information about Fengxiang clay figurines 【解析】通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了凤翔泥塑的历 史、制作的困难、面临的问题以及现在的发展情况等， 即介绍了凤翔泥塑的相关信息。 Passage 3 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种 考点快练 不同的教室座位排列方式。 l.sit alone【解析】根据“Traditional Seating”部分的 “Students sit alone in rows.”可知，传统座位排列中，学 生们独自成排就座。 2.focus on their lessons【解析】根据“Paired Seating”部 分的“However,some students can''t focus on their lessons because they may chat with their deskmates." 知，双人座位排列的问题是，一些学生可能会和同桌 聊天，从而无法在课堂上集中注意力。 3.Group Seating【解析】根据“Group Seating”部分的 “Students sit in small groups,facing each other.”可知， 图片中的座位方式与小组座位的排列方式一致。 4.more classroom space【解析】根据“U-Shape Seating” 部分的“However,it takes up more classroom space..”可 知，U型座位排列的缺点是占用更多的教室空间。 5.group seating;it is good for group discussions and cooper- ation,and I can learn a lot from my group members/... 【解析】本题为开放性问题，答案不唯一，言之有理 即可。 Passage 4 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了成语 “泾渭分明”的来源、历史演变及文化含义，体现了古人 从自然中提炼的智慧。 1.a natural wonder in Shaanxi Province/the meeting of the Jing River and the Wei River【解析】根据“It comes from a natural wonder in Shaanxi Province-the meeting 35 of the Jing River and the Wei River..”可知，成语“泾渭 分明”源于陕西泾河与渭河交汇的自然奇观。 2.the Wei River【解析】根据“The Wei River is an important tributary of the Yellow River.It runs through the Guanzhong Plain(平原)in Shaanxi.”可知，“t”指 代前文的“The Wei River'”。 3.turbid【解析】根据“Due to different sediment content (沉积物含量)and flow speeds,one river was clear and the other was turbid.”可知，clear“清澈的”和turbid是 反义词，因此turbid的含义是“浑浊的”。 4.4/Four【解析】根据“The Tang Dynasty poet Du Fu al- so wrote about it in his poem...'How long will the turbid Jing and clear Wei remain separate?”可知，第四段引用 古诗描述了“渭清泾浊”。 5.An Introduction to“Jing Wei Fen Ming”【解析】全文 介绍了“泾渭分明”这一成语的起源、历史记载及文化 内涵，且标题需包含“introduction”一词，不超过8个 单词。故填“An Introduction to“Jing Wei Fen Ming'” (回答合理即可)。 Passage 5 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕睡眠姿 考点快 势展开，介绍了人们对睡眠姿势的控制情况及相关观，点。 L.asking questions【解析】根据文章开头“How did you sleep last night?Did you choose your favorite position (姿势)at bedtime like most people?”可知，作者通过提 问的方式开篇。 2.not trying to control the sleep position【解析】根据第 三段“we have much less control over how we sleep than we might think...Sometimes there's more harm than good in trying to control your sleep position'”可知，本段主要 解释了为什么不要试图控制睡眠姿势。 3.in charge of【解析】根据第四段“once you go to sleep,your body is in charge of its position'”可知，“in charge of”与“control'”意思相近，可替换。 4.mostly on his right side【解析】根据第五段“For example,a pain in your left leg might cause you to sleep mostly on your right side”可推断，若左腿疼痛，人会主 要偏向右侧睡觉。 5.Is There the Best Sleep Position【解析】文章围绕“是 否存在最佳睡眠姿势”展开讨论，且标题需包含 “best”和“position'”,不超过8个单词，故填“Is There the Best Sleep Position'”(回答合理即可) Passage 6 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国 茶文化中的茶壶。 L.Tea culture【解析】根据文章第一段中的“Chinese style is getting more and more popular.Tea culture,as one of the symbols of Chinese style,is shining all around the world as wel.”可知，茶文化是中国风的象征之一。 2.Ming Dynasty【解析】根据文章第二段“The first 36 teapot wasn't created until the Ming Dynasty..”可知，第 一副茶壶直到明朝才出现。 3.are made by hand【解析】根据文章第二段“Yixing teapots are made by hand and in some traditional ways." 可知，宜兴茶壶的特别之处在于其由手工制作和使用 传统工艺。 4.Chinese people's beautiful wishes【解析】根据文章第 三段“The pronunciation of‘pot'is similar to that of fu'in Chinese.It represents Chinese people's beautiful wishes for life.”可知，中文里“壶”的发音与“福”相 近，代表了中国人对生活的美好祝愿。 5.the introduction to Chinese teapots【解析】文章从茶壶 的起源、茶壶的知名品类、文化寓意等方面展开，整体 是对中国茶壶的介绍。 Passage 7 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国 功夫的两大类型（格斗类与健身类）、少林功夫的特点、 五禽戏的起源与模仿对象，以及中国功夫对精气神和基 础习惯的要求，展现了中国功夫的文化内涵与实用价值。 1.fighting and exercising【解析】根据文章第二段“Chi- nese kung fu is generally divided into two types.One is used for fighting and the other for exercising.”可知，中国 功夫的两大主要类型分别用于格斗和健身。 2.movements are short but powerful【解析】根据文章第 三段“Shaolin kung fu,for example,can be used to at-- tack and guard against enemies in a real fight.Its move- ments are short but powerful..”可知，少林功夫能用于实 战的原因是其动作短而有力。 3.3a.bear;3b.bird;3c.tiger【解析】根据文章第四 段“It imitates(模仿)the movements of the calm bear, the strong tiger,the flexible ape,the quiet deer,and the free-flying bird.”可知，五禽戏模仿熊、虎、猿、鹿、鸟五 种动物的动作，结合图片标注位置，分别对应熊、鸟、 老虎，故按要求填写对应动物名称。 4.inner strength;poses【解析】根据文章第六段“Howev- er,if they don't connect their inner strength with these poses,their movements will be thought 'not practical'." 可知，学习者将内在力量与招式结合，才能让动作具 备实用性。 5.great and meaningful【解析】通读全文，文章介绍了中 国功夫的类型、特点与文化价值，结合题干的主观评 价要求，“great and meaningful'"能合理概括对中国功夫 的看法。（回答合理即可） 题型三交流与表达专练 第一节补全对话 Dialogue 1 1.What/How about you 2.Have you watched it/Have you (ever)watched that one 3.Would you like to have a robot/Do you want to have a robot of your own)/Do you want a robot