Unit 7 词汇备课 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

该初中英语单元词汇清单系统梳理了人教版九上Unit7音乐主题核心词汇及拓展用法，涵盖30个基础词汇、12个短语及10个衍生词，构建从基础词义到词性转换、搭配应用再到语境实践的递进式学习支架。 清单采用“词性-转换-搭配-语境”四维结构呈现知识体系，如“rhythm”标注形容词rhythmic、副词rhythmically及sense of rhythm等搭配，通过近义词对比（如folk近义traditional）和分级练习题（基础填空与同义转换）培养语言能力和思维品质。特别设计“易混词辨析”（如electric vs. electronic）和“词性转换链”（如compose→composer→composition），助力学生自主自测，教师可直接用于词汇教学与巩固，提升课堂效率。

人教版九上unit 7词汇备课 1. rhythm 词性:n. 词义:节奏;韵律 近义词:beat, meter, pulse 反义词:无明确反义词 词性转换:rhythmic (adj. 有节奏的), rhythmically (adv.) 常见搭配:sense of rhythm (节奏感), rhythm and blues (节奏布鲁斯) 例句:The rhythm of the music made everyone want to dance. 翻译:音乐的节奏让每个人都想跳舞。 练习题: 1. 形容词形式填空:The drumming was strong and _ (rhythm). 答案:rhythmic 解析:形容词修饰drumming。 2. 副词形式填空:She moved _ (rhythm) to the music. 答案:rhythmically 解析:副词修饰moved。 2. folk 词性:adj. / n. 词义:民间的;民间音乐;(pl. folks) 各位,家人 近义词:traditional, local (adj.); people, family (n.) 反义词:modern, pop (adj.) 词性转换:无直接派生;注意复数folks表示“各位” 常见搭配:folk music (民间音乐), folk tale (民间故事), city folks (城里人) 例句:My folks are coming to visit this weekend. 翻译:我的家人这个周末要来看我。 练习题: 1. 用folk的复数形式填空:Hi, _ (folk), let's start the meeting. 答案:folks 解析:复数形式用于称呼“各位”。 2. 词性转换(名词作定语):He enjoys listening to _ (folk) songs. 答案:folk (形容词或名词作定语均可) 解析:folk songs“民歌”,folk作形容词或名词修饰songs。 3. traditional 词性:adj. 词义:传统的;习俗的 近义词:conventional, customary 反义词:modern, innovative, nontraditional 词性转换:tradition (n.), traditionally (adv.) 常见搭配:traditional culture (传统文化), traditional costume (传统服饰) 例句:In China, it is traditional to eat dumplings during the Spring Festival. 翻译:在中国,春节期间吃饺子是传统。 练习题: 1. 名词形式填空:It is a _ (traditional) in our family to have a big dinner on Friday. 答案:tradition 解析:a tradition“一个传统”。 2. 副词形式填空:_ (traditional), the bride wears white. 答案:Traditionally 解析:副词作状语,意为“传统上”。 4. pop 词性:n. / v. 词义:流行音乐;蹦出 近义词:popular music (n.); burst, crack (v.) 反义词:classical, folk (n.) 词性转换:无常见派生;注意pop还可作形容词“流行的” 常见搭配:pop music (流行音乐), pop up (突然出现), pop a balloon (戳破气球) 例句:She enjoys listening to both pop and jazz. 翻译:她喜欢听流行音乐和爵士乐。 练习题: 1. 动词过去式填空:The button _ (pop) off and rolled away. 答案:popped 解析:pop作动词,过去式加-ed。 2. 用pop作形容词填空:_ (pop) culture has a huge influence on teenagers. 答案:Pop (或Popular) 解析:pop culture“流行文化”。 5. jazz 词性:n. 词义:爵士乐 词性转换:jazz (adj. 爵士的), jazzy (adj. 爵士风格的;花哨的) 常见搭配:jazz band (爵士乐队), jazz festival (爵士音乐节) 例句:Jazz originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans. 翻译:爵士乐起源于新奥尔良的非裔美国人社区。 练习题: 1. 形容词形式填空:The club played some _ (jazz) music. 答案:jazz (名词作定语) 或 jazzy 解析:jazz music即可,也可用jazzy表示“爵士风格的”。 2. 用jazz作动词短语(非正式)填空:He likes to _ (jazz) up his plain clothes with colorful scarves. 答案:jazz 解析:jazz up意为“使更有活力”。 6. rap 词性:n. / v. 词义:说唱乐;表演说唱乐 近义词:hip-hop (n.), recite (v.) 词性转换:rapper (n. 说唱歌手) 常见搭配:rap music (说唱音乐), rap song (说唱歌曲), drop a rap (发表说唱) 例句:He can rap very fast and clearly. 翻译:他能非常快速清晰地表演说唱。 练习题: 1. 名词形式填空:The famous _ (rap) released a new album yesterday. 答案:rapper 解析:rapper说唱歌手。 2. 动词过去式填空:He _ (rap) about his childhood in that song. 答案:rapped 解析:过去式直接加-ed。 7. comment 词性:n. & v. 词义:评论;批评 近义词:remark, observation (n.); remark, note (v.) 反义词:silence (n.) 词性转换:commentary (n. 实况解说;评论), commentator (n. 评论员) 常见搭配:make a comment (发表评论), no comment (无可奉告), comment on (对……评论) 例句:The teacher commented on my essay. 翻译:老师对我的文章做了评论。 练习题: 1. 名词复数填空:The politician refused to make any _ (comment) on the issue. 答案:comments 解析:any后接复数或不可数,这里comments更常见。 2. 动词变名词(评论员):The sports _ (comment) explained the replay. 答案:commentator 解析:sports commentator“体育评论员”。 8. sing along to 词组:动词短语 词义:随着……唱 近义词:join in singing 用法:sing along to + 歌曲/音乐 例句:The audience sang along to every song. 翻译:观众跟着每一首歌一起唱。 练习题: 1. 用sing along to填空:She put on her headphones and _ (sing along to) the radio. 答案:sang along to 解析:过去式sang。 2. 同义改写:They joined in singing the national anthem. They _ the national anthem. 答案:sang along to 解析:同义转换。 9. lyric 词性:n. / adj. 词义:歌词 (常用复数lyrics);抒情的 近义词:words (of a song) (n.); poetic, lyrical (adj.) 词性转换:lyrical (adj. 抒情诗般的) 常见搭配:song lyrics (歌词), lyric poet (抒情诗人) 例句:The lyrics of this song are very touching. 翻译:这首歌的歌词非常感人。 练习题: 1. 用复数形式填空:The _ (lyric) were written by a famous poet. 答案:lyrics 解析:歌词通常用复数。 2. 形容词形式填空:Her writing is highly _ (lyric) and emotional. 答案:lyrical 解析:lyrical意为“抒情的,富有情感的”。 10. electric 词性:adj. 词义:电的;令人激动的 近义词:electrical (电的), thrilling (令人激动的) 反义词:nonelectric, manual 词性转换:electricity (n.), electrician (n.) 常见搭配:electric guitar (电吉他), electric shock (触电), electric atmosphere (热烈的气氛) 例句:The concert had an electric atmosphere. 翻译:音乐会的气氛非常热烈。 练习题: 1. 名词形式填空:The machine runs on _ (electric). 答案:electricity 解析:介词on后接名词。 2. 用electric vs. electrical填空:He is an _ engineer. (electric/electrical) 答案:electrical 解析:electrical engineer“电气工程师”;electric通常指直接用电的。 11. electric guitar 词组:n. 词义:电吉他 反义词:acoustic guitar (原声吉他) 例句:Jimmy Page is famous for playing the electric guitar. 翻译:吉米 佩奇以弹奏电吉他闻名。 练习题: 1. 填空:He switched from acoustic to _ guitar. 答案:electric 解析:electric guitar。 2. 用electric guitar作主语:The _ _ produces a variety of sounds. 答案:electric guitar 解析:直接填写。 12. keyboard 词性:n. 词义:电子琴;键盘 近义词:piano (钢琴), keypad 词性转换:keyboardist (n. 键盘手) 常见搭配:play the keyboard (弹电子琴), keyboard shortcut (键盘快捷键) 例句:She plays keyboard in a rock band. 翻译:她在摇滚乐队里担任键盘手。 练习题: 1. 人物名词填空:The _ (keyboard) also wrote the song. 答案:keyboardist 解析:键盘手。 2. 复数形式填空:Most computer _ (keyboard) have a numeric keypad. 答案:keyboards 解析:复数形式。 13. trumpet 词性:n. 词义:小号;喇叭 近义词:bugle, horn 词性转换:trumpeter (n. 小号手) 常见搭配:play the trumpet (吹小号), trumpet call (号角声) 例句:The trumpet sounded a fanfare. 翻译:小号吹响了开场曲。 练习题: 1. 人物名词填空:Louis Armstrong was a famous jazz _ (trumpet). 答案:trumpeter 解析:小号手。 2. 动词用法(比喻):He likes to _ (trumpet) his own achievements. 答案:trumpet 解析:trumpet作动词意为“吹嘘”。 14. style 词性:n. 词义:风格;方式 近义词:fashion, manner, mode 词性转换:stylist (n. 造型师), stylish (adj. 时髦的) 常见搭配:life style (生活方式), in style (流行的), out of style (过时的) 例句:Her writing style is simple and clear. 翻译:她的写作风格简洁明了。 练习题: 1. 形容词形式填空:She always looks very _ (style). 答案:stylish 解析:时髦的。 2. 名词复数填空:Different cultures have different _ (style) of communication. 答案:styles 解析:复数形式。 15. performance 词性:n. 词义:演出;表演;表现 近义词:show, presentation, act 词性转换:perform (v.), performer (n.) 常见搭配:live performance (现场表演), give a performance (表演) 例句:His performance in the play was excellent. 翻译:他在剧中的表演非常出色。 练习题: 1. 动词形式填空:The band will _ (performance) at the stadium next week. 答案:perform 解析:will后接动词原形。 2. 人物名词填空:He is a talented _ (performance). 答案:performer 解析:表演者。 16. golden 词性:adj. 词义:金色的 近义词:gold-colored, yellow 词性转换:gold (n. 黄金) 常见搭配:golden hair (金发), golden age (黄金时代), golden opportunity (绝佳机会) 例句:The golden sun set behind the mountains. 翻译:金色的太阳落到了山后。 练习题: 1. 名词形式填空:The crown is made of pure _ (golden). 答案:gold 解析:名词“黄金”。 2. 用golden填空:We mustn't miss this _ opportunity. 答案:golden 解析:golden opportunity固定搭配。 17. lover 词性:n. 词义:情人;爱好者 近义词:sweetheart, enthusiast 反义词:hater 词性转换:love (v./n.), lovely (adj.) 常见搭配:art lover (艺术爱好者), music lover (音乐爱好者) 例句:He is a great lover of classical music. 翻译:他非常热爱古典音乐。 练习题: 1. 动词形式填空:She _ (lover) to read novels in her spare time. 答案:loves 解析:love动词。 2. 形容词形式填空:What a _ (love) dress! 答案:lovely 解析:lovely可爱的。 18. romantic 词性:adj. 词义:浪漫的;爱情的 近义词:loving, sentimental 反义词:unromantic, practical 词性转换:romance (n.), romantically (adv.) 常见搭配:romantic comedy (浪漫喜剧), romantic relationship (恋爱关系) 例句:They had a romantic dinner by candlelight. 翻译:他们进行了一次烛光浪漫晚餐。 练习题: 1. 名词形式填空:The novel is a classic _ (romantic). 答案:romance 解析:romance“浪漫故事;爱情小说”。 2. 副词形式填空:He looked at her _ (romantic). 答案:romantically 解析:副词修饰looked。 19. performer 词性:n. 词义:演奏者;表演者 近义词:artist, entertainer 反义词:audience, spectator 词性转换:perform (v.), performance (n.) 常见搭配:street performer (街头艺人), talented performer (有才艺的表演者) 例句:The performer received a standing ovation. 翻译:表演者获得了起立鼓掌。 练习题: 1. 动词形式填空:They will _ (performer) two shows tomorrow. 答案:perform 解析:will后接动词原形。 2. 名词形式填空:Her _ (perform) in the competition was amazing. 答案:performance 解析:名词“表演”。 20. dance to 词组:动词短语 词义:随着……跳舞 近义词:move to the rhythm of 例句:They danced to the rhythm of the drums. 翻译:他们随着鼓点跳舞。 练习题: 1. 用dance to填空:The couple _ (dance to) a slow waltz. 答案:danced to 解析:过去式。 2. 同义替换:The crowd moved to the beat of the music. The crowd _ the music. 答案:danced to 解析:同义表达。 21. purple 词性:n. / adj. 词义:紫色;紫色的 近义词:violet, lavender 常见搭配:purple dress (紫色裙子), turn purple (变紫) 例句:Her favorite color is purple. 翻译:她最喜欢的颜色是紫色。 练习题: 1. 用purple作形容词填空:She wore a _ scarf. 答案:purple 解析:形容词。 2. 用名词填空:_ is a mixture of red and blue. 答案:Purple 解析:名词作主语。 22. poet 词性:n. 词义:诗人 近义词:verse writer 词性转换:poem (n. 诗), poetry (n. 诗歌总称), poetic (adj.) 常见搭配:romantic poet (浪漫主义诗人), poet laureate (桂冠诗人) 例句:Li Bai is one of China's greatest poets. 翻译:李白是中国最伟大的诗人之一。 练习题: 1. 名词(诗歌)填空:She wrote a beautiful _ (poet) about nature. 答案:poem 解析:一首诗。 2. 形容词形式填空:The sunset was very _ (poet). 答案:poetic 解析:富有诗意的。 23. policewoman 词性:n. 词义:女警察 (pl. policewomen) 近义词:female police officer 反义词:policeman 词性转换:police (n.) 例句:The policewoman helped the lost child. 翻译:女警察帮助了迷路的孩子。 练习题: 1. 复数形式填空:Two _ (policewoman) were on patrol. 答案:policewomen 解析:不规则复数。 2. 对应性别填空:A _ (policewoman) is a female officer; a _ is a male officer. 答案:policeman 解析:对应词。 24. deaf 词性:adj. 词义:聋的 近义词:hearing-impaired 反义词:hearing 词性转换:deafen (v. 使变聋), deafness (n.) 常见搭配:deaf and dumb (聋哑), turn a deaf ear to (对……充耳不闻) 例句:He has been deaf since birth. 翻译:他天生耳聋。 练习题: 1. 动词形式填空:The loud music almost _ (deaf) us. 答案:deafened 解析:deafen使变聋,过去式。 2. 名词形式填空:His _ (deaf) did not stop him from playing music. 答案:deafness 解析:名词“耳聋”。 25. composer 词性:n. 词义:作曲家 近义词:songwriter, musician (作曲家侧重创作) 词性转换:compose (v.), composition (n.) 常见搭配:classical composer (古典作曲家), film composer (电影配乐作曲家) 例句:Beethoven is a famous composer. 翻译:贝多芬是著名的作曲家。 练习题: 1. 动词形式填空:She _ (composer) several symphonies. 答案:composed 解析:compose作曲。 2. 名词(作品)填空:His musical _ (compose) is very complex. 答案:composition 解析:composition“乐曲,作品”。 26. electronic 词性:adj. 词义:电子的 近义词:digital, computerized 反义词:mechanical, analog 词性转换:electron (n.), electronics (n.) 常见搭配:electronic music (电子音乐), electronic device (电子设备) 例句:Electronic products are everywhere in our daily life. 翻译:电子产品在我们的日常生活中随处可见。 练习题: 1. 名词形式填空:_ (electronic) is the study of the flow of electrons. 答案:Electronics 解析:electronics“电子学”。 2. 对比electric:The _ (electric/electronic) circuit uses transistors. 答案:electronic 解析:electronic circuit“电子电路”。 27. download 词性:v. 词义:下载 近义词:save, transfer 反义词:upload (上传) 词性转换:download (n. 下载;下载的文件), downloadable (adj.) 常见搭配:download a file (下载文件), download an app (下载应用) 例句:You can download the song for free. 翻译:你可以免费下载这首歌。 练习题: 1. 反义词填空:To share a file online, you need to _ it first. (upload) 答案:upload 解析:upload与download相对。 2. 形容词形式填空:All these resources are _ (download) from the website. 答案:downloadable 解析:可下载的。 28. pianist 词性:n. 词义:钢琴演奏者 近义词:piano player 词性转换:piano (n.) 常见搭配:concert pianist (音乐会钢琴家), jazz pianist (爵士钢琴手) 例句:The young pianist gave a brilliant performance. 翻译:年轻的钢琴家献上了精彩的演奏。 练习题: 1. 名词(乐器)填空:She practices the _ (pianist) every day. 答案:piano 解析:乐器piano。 2. 用pianist填空:Lang Lang is a world-famous _. 答案:pianist 解析:直接填空。 29. gifted 词性:adj. 词义:有天赋的 近义词:talented, brilliant 反义词:ungifted, average 词性转换:gift (n. 天赋;礼物) 常见搭配:gifted child (天才儿童), gifted musician (有天赋的音乐家) 例句:She is gifted in both music and art. 翻译:她在音乐和艺术方面都有天赋。 练习题: 1. 名词形式填空:He has a natural _ (gifted) for languages. 答案:gift 解析:gift“天赋”。 2. 用gifted填空:The _ (gift) student solved the problem quickly. 答案:gifted 解析:形容词作定语。 30. outdo 词性:v. (outdid, outdone) 词义:超过;胜过 近义词:surpass, excel, outperform 反义词:underperform, fall behind 词性转换:无直接派生,但可注意out-前缀 常见搭配:outdo oneself (超越自我), outdo sb. in sth. (在某方面胜过某人) 例句:He always tries to outdo his classmates. 翻译:他总是试图超过他的同学。 练习题: 1. 过去式填空:She _ (outdo) all the other runners in the race. 答案:outdid 解析:outdo的过去式是outdid。 2. 过去分词填空:He has _ (outdo) his previous record. 答案:outdone 解析:have done,outdone。 31. widen 词性:v. 词义:拓宽;(使)扩展 近义词:broaden, expand, enlarge 反义词:narrow, restrict 词性转换:wide (adj.), widely (adv.), width (n.) 常见搭配:widen one’s horizons (开阔眼界), widen the road (拓宽道路) 例句:Traveling can widen your perspective. 翻译:旅行可以拓宽你的视野。 练习题: 1. 形容词形式填空:The river is very _ (widen) here. 答案:wide 解析:形容词“宽的”。 2. 名词形式填空:The _ (widen) of the road caused traffic jams. 答案:widening 解析:动名词或名词化的形容词,the widening“拓宽工程”。 32. soul 词性:n. 词义:真挚情感;灵魂 近义词:spirit, essence, feeling 反义词:body (肉体) 词性转换:soulful (adj. 深情的) 常见搭配:soul music (灵魂乐), with all one’s soul (全心全意地) 例句:Her performance was full of soul. 翻译:她的表演充满真挚情感。 练习题: 1. 形容词形式填空:He gave a _ (soul) singing performance. 答案:soulful 解析:深情的。 2. 短语填空:She loves him with her whole heart and _. 答案:soul 解析:heart and soul“全心全意”。 33. look down on 词组:动词短语 词义:轻视;蔑视 近义词:despise, scorn 反义词:look up to (尊敬), admire 例句:We should never look down on those who are less fortunate. 翻译:我们绝不应该看不起那些不如我们幸运的人。 练习题: 1. 反义词短语填空:Many young people _ up to famous scientists. 答案:look 解析:look up to“尊敬”。 2. 用look down on填空:It's wrong to _ others just because they are poor. 答案:look down on 解析:直接填空。 34. Polish 词性:adj. / n. 词义:波兰的;波兰人;波兰语 注意:首字母大写,区别于polish (v. 擦亮) 词性转换:Poland (n. 波兰) 例句:Chopin was a famous Polish composer. 翻译:肖邦是著名的波兰作曲家。 练习题: 1. 国家名词填空:He was born in _ (Polish). 答案:Poland 解析:Poland波兰。 2. 用小写polish(擦亮)填空:Please _ (Polish) your shoes before the party. 答案:polish 解析:小写polish作动词“擦亮”。 35. characteristic 词性:n. / adj. 词义:特征;品质 / 典型的;独特的 近义词:trait, feature (n.); typical, distinctive (adj.) 反义词:untypical 词性转换:character (n. 性格;角色) 常见搭配:characteristic feature (典型特征), be characteristic of (是……的特点) 例句:Fast reaction is a characteristic of this animal. 翻译:快速反应是这种动物的特征。 练习题: 1. 用characteristic作形容词填空:Sympathy is _ (characteristic) of human nature. 答案:characteristic 解析:be characteristic of。 2. 名词复数填空:What are the _ (characteristic) of a good leader? 答案:characteristics 解析:复数特征。 36. valuable 词性:adj. 词义:宝贵的;贵重的 近义词:precious, costly, priceless 反义词:worthless, valueless 词性转换:value (n./v.), invaluable (adj. 无价的,注意区别) 常见搭配:valuable advice (宝贵的建议), valuable asset (宝贵资产) 例句:Time is more valuable than money. 翻译:时间比金钱更宝贵。 练习题: 1. 名词形式填空:The _ (valuable) of the painting has increased. 答案:value 解析:名词“价值”。 2. 反义词填空:This old coin is almost _ (value) because it's so damaged. 答案:valueless 解析:valueless“无价值的”。 37. proudly 词性:adv. 词义:自豪地;骄傲地 近义词:honorably, boastfully (含贬义) 反义词:humbly, modestly 词性转换:proud (adj.), pride (n.) 常见搭配:stand proudly (自豪地站着), say proudly (自豪地说) 例句:She proudly showed off her award. 翻译:她自豪地展示了自己的奖状。 练习题: 1. 形容词形式填空:He is _ (proudly) of his son’s achievements. 答案:proud 解析:be proud of。 2. 名词形式填空:Her _ (proud) in her work is obvious. 答案:pride 解析:pride“骄傲,自豪”。 38. funeral 词性:n. 词义:葬礼 近义词:burial, memorial service 反义词:wedding, celebration 常见搭配:funeral ceremony (葬礼仪式), attend a funeral (参加葬礼) 例句:Many people attended the famous musician’s funeral. 翻译:许多人参加了那位著名音乐家的葬礼。 练习题: 1. 介词填空:He gave a speech _ the funeral. 答案:at 解析:at the funeral。 2. 形容词形式:无直接派生,可设:The _ (funeral) procession moved slowly. 答案:funeral (名词作定语) 解析:funeral procession“送葬队伍”。 39. young and old 词组:名词短语 词义:老老少少;无论老少 近义词:people of all ages 用法:作主语或宾语,表示“所有人” 例句:The festival is enjoyed by young and old alike. 翻译:老老少少都喜欢这个节日。 练习题: 1. 同义替换:People of all ages gathered in the square. _ gathered in the square. 答案:Young and old 解析:同义表达。 2. 用young and old填空:The movie appeals to _. 答案:young and old 解析:直接填空。 40. profession 词性:n. 词义:职业;行业 近义词:occupation, career, job 反义词:avocation (副业) 词性转换:professional (adj./n.) 常见搭配:by profession (职业上), teaching profession (教师行业) 例句:She is a lawyer by profession. 翻译:她的职业是律师。 练习题: 1. 形容词形式填空:He is a _ (profession) basketball player. 答案:professional 解析:职业的。 2. 名词复数填空:Many _ (profession) require years of training. 答案:professions 解析:复数。 41. contribution 词性:n. 词义:贡献;捐款 近义词:donation (捐款), input (投入) 词性转换:contribute (v.), contributor (n.) 常见搭配:make a contribution to (对……做出贡献) 例句:His contribution to science is immense. 翻译:他对科学的贡献巨大。 练习题: 1. 动词形式填空:Everyone should _ (contribution) to protecting the environment. 答案:contribute 解析:contribute to。 2. 人物名词填空:He is a major _ (contribute) to the project. 答案:contributor 解析:贡献者。 42. cartoon 词性:n. 词义:动画片;漫画 近义词:animation (动画), comic strip (连环漫画) 词性转换:cartoonist (n. 漫画家) 常见搭配:watch a cartoon (看动画片), political cartoon (政治漫画) 例句:The children are watching a cartoon on TV. 翻译:孩子们正在电视上看动画片。 练习题: 1. 人物名词填空:The _ (cartoon) draws for a newspaper. 答案:cartoonist 解析:漫画家。 2. 复数形式填空:I like watching Disney _ (cartoon). 答案:cartoons 解析:复数。 43. fair 词性:adj. / n. 词义:公平的;合理的 / 露天游乐场;集市 近义词:just, impartial (adj.); carnival, exhibition (n.) 反义词:unfair (adj.) 词性转换:fairly (adv. 公平地;相当地), unfair (反义) 常见搭配:fair play (公平竞争), a book fair (书展) 例句:It’s not fair that she got more money. 翻译:她得到了更多钱,这不公平。 练习题: 1. 副词形式填空:The money was divided _ (fair) among the children. 答案:fairly 解析:fairly“公平地”。 2. 反义词填空:It's _ (fair) to punish someone without evidence. 答案:unfair 解析:unfair“不公平的”。 44. fair and square 词组:adv. phr. 词义:光明正大;正大光明地 近义词:honestly, justly 反义词:dishonestly, by cheating 例句:He won the match fair and square. 翻译:他光明正大地赢得了比赛。 练习题: 1. 同义替换:They defeated us honestly and without cheating. They defeated us _. 答案:fair and square 解析:同义短语。 2. 用fair and square填空:We want to compete _, not by foul means. 答案:fair and square 解析:直接填空。 45. tape 词性:n. 词义:磁带;录像带;胶带 近义词:cassette (磁带), adhesive tape (胶带) 词性转换:tap (注意区分) 常见搭配:audio tape (录音带), tape recorder (磁带录音机) 例句:I recorded the song on a tape. 翻译:我把那首歌录在了一盘磁带上。 练习题: 1. 动词形式(用胶带粘)填空:He _ (tape) the picture to the wall. 答案:taped 解析:tape作动词“用胶带粘贴”。 2. 易混词(tap)填空:She _ (tap) her fingers on the table. 答案:tapped 解析:tap轻敲,注意拼写。 46. tap 词性:v. / n. 词义:用(手指或脚)打节拍;轻敲 / 轻拍;水龙头 近义词:pat, knock (v.) 反义词:press hard 常见搭配:tap on the shoulder (轻拍肩膀), tap the beat (打拍子) 例句:He tapped his foot to the music. 翻译:他用脚跟着音乐打拍子。 练习题: 1. 过去式填空:Someone _ (tap) on the window. 答案:tapped 解析:重读闭音节双写p加-ed。 2. 名词(水龙头)填空:Turn off the _ (tap) to save water. 答案:tap 解析:水龙头。 47. tap one’s feet 词组:动词短语 词义:用脚打节拍 近义词:tapping feet 例句:She couldn't help tapping her feet to the catchy song. 翻译:她忍不住跟着那首朗朗上口的歌用脚打节拍。 练习题: 1. 用tap one’s feet填空:The audience was _ (tap) their feet and clapping hands. 答案:tapping 解析:现在分词。 2. 同义短语:He kept the beat with his feet. He _. 答案:tapped his feet 解析:同义转换。 48. champion 词性:n. / v. 词义:冠军 / 捍卫 近义词:winner, titleholder (n.); defend, advocate (v.) 反义词:loser (n.) 词性转换:championship (n. 锦标赛;冠军头衔) 常见搭配:Olympic champion (奥运冠军), champion a cause (捍卫一项事业) 例句:She became the world champion in swimming. 翻译:她成为了游泳世界冠军。 练习题: 1. 名词(锦标赛)填空:The World _ (champion) will be held next year. 答案:Championship 解析:championship。 2. 动词形式填空:He has always _ (champion) the rights of the poor. 答案:championed 解析:动词过去式。 49. finger 词性:n. 词义:手指 近义词:digit 反义词:toe (脚趾) 词性转换:finger (v. 用手指触摸) 常见搭配:index finger (食指), middle finger (中指), point a finger at (指责) 例句:She wore a ring on her ring finger. 翻译:她无名指上戴了一枚戒指。 练习题: 1. 复数形式填空:Wash your _ (finger) before eating. 答案:fingers 解析:复数。 2. 动词形式填空:He _ (finger) the pages of the old book carefully. 答案:fingered 解析:动词“用手指触摸”。 50. schoolmate 词性:n. 词义:同学 近义词:classmate 词性转换:由school + mate构成 常见搭配:old schoolmate (老同学) 例句:He met a former schoolmate at the party. 翻译:他在聚会上遇到了一位老同学。 练习题: 1. 同义词替换:She is my _ (classmate/schoolmate). 两者皆可。设题:My _ and I graduated together. 答案:schoolmate/classmate 解析:词义基本相同。 2. 拆分构词:school + _ = schoolmate 答案:mate 解析:mate表示“伙伴”。 51. nowadays 词性:adv. 词义:现在;目前 近义词:currently, these days 反义词:in the past, formerly 例句:Nowadays, many people work from home. 翻译:如今,许多人居家办公。 练习题: 1. 同义替换:These days, teenagers spend too much time on phones. _, teenagers spend too much time on phones. 答案:Nowadays 解析:同义副词。 2. 用nowadays填空:_, it is common to see electric cars. 答案:Nowadays 解析:句首副词。 52. imagination 词性:n. 词义:想象力;想象 近义词:creativity, fancy 反义词:reality, fact 词性转换:imagine (v.), imaginative (adj.), imaginary (adj. 虚构的) 常见搭配:use one’s imagination (运用想象力), beyond imagination (超出想象) 例句:Children have very vivid imaginations. 翻译:孩子们有非常生动的想象力。 练习题: 1. 动词形式填空:Can you _ (imagination) what it would be like to live on Mars? 答案:imagine 解析:动词“想象”。 2. 形容词形式(富于想象力的)填空:She is an _ (imagination) writer. 答案:imaginative 解析:imaginative“富有想象力的”。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $