Unit 5 词汇备课 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

人教版九上unit 5词汇备课

1. invention /ɪnˈvenʃn/ n. 发明；创造

· 近义词：creation n. 创造

· 反义词：destruction n. 毁灭

· 词性转换：invent v. 发明；inventor n. 发明家；inventive adj. 有发明才能的

· 固定搭配：the invention of …的发明

· 例句：The invention of the smartphone has changed our daily life. (智能手机的发明改变了我们的日常生活。)

· 练习题：

  1. Edison was a great ______ (invent), with over a thousand ______ (invent) to his name.

  2. She ______ (invention) a new type of energy-saving device last year.

· 答案与解析：

  1. inventor; inventions (第一空需要“发明家”，第二空需要“发明”的复数形式)

  2. invented (句子缺谓语，且时间为last year，用invent的过去式)

 

2. camera /ˈkæmərə/ n. 照相机；（电影）摄影机

· 固定搭配：digital camera 数码相机；on camera 在镜头前

· 例句：He always takes a camera with him when traveling. (他旅行时总是带着相机。)

· 练习题：

  1. The photographer set up his ______ (camera) to capture the sunset.

  2. Many smartphones now have built-in ______ (camera) that are very powerful.

· 答案与解析：

  1. camera (单数，特指他的相机)

  2. cameras (复数，表示多数相机的功能)

 

3. engine /ˈendʒɪn/ n. 发动机

 

· 近义词：motor n. 马达

· 词性转换：engineer n. 工程师；engineering n. 工程学

· 固定搭配：search engine 搜索引擎；jet engine 喷气发动机

· 例句：The car’s engine makes a strange noise. (这辆车的发动机发出奇怪的声音。)

· 练习题：

  1. She wants to be an ______ (engine) when she grows up.

  2. The ______ (engine) of the train broke down halfway.

· 答案与解析：

  1. engineer (需要“工程师”)

  2. engine (主语需要“发动机”单数)

 

4. fuel /ˈfjuːəl/ n. 燃料 v. 供燃料；加剧

 

· 近义词：energy source 能源；gasoline n. 汽油

· 词性转换：refuel v. 加油

· 固定搭配：fossil fuel 化石燃料；fuel efficiency 燃油效率

· 例句：The shortage of fuel has led to higher prices. (燃料短缺导致价格上涨。)

· 练习题：

  1. We need to ______ (fuel) the car before the long trip.

  2. Airplanes consume a huge amount of ______ (fuel).

· 答案与解析：

  1. fuel (动词，“加油”)

  2. fuel (名词，“燃料”)

 

5. laptop /ˈlæptɒp/ n. 笔记本电脑

· 近义词：notebook computer 笔记本

· 反义词：desktop computer 台式电脑

· 固定搭配：laptop bag 笔记本包；gaming laptop 游戏本

· 例句：Students often use laptops to take notes in class. (学生们常在课堂上用笔记本电脑记笔记。)

· 练习题：

  1. My ______ (laptop) battery only lasts two hours now.

  2. He left his ______ (laptop) on the train and never got it back.

· 答案与解析：

  1. laptop (单数)

  2. laptop (单数)

 

6. high-speed train 高速列车

· 近义词：bullet train 子弹头列车

· 反义词：slow train 慢车

· 固定搭配：high-speed railway 高速铁路

· 例句：The high-speed train from Beijing to Shanghai takes only about four hours. (从北京到上海的高铁只需要大约四小时。)

· 练习题：

  1. ______ (high-speed train) have greatly shortened travel time in China.

  2. I prefer taking a ______ (high-speed train) to flying because it’s more convenient.

· 答案与解析：

  1. High-speed trains (复数，泛指一类)

  2. high-speed train (单数，表示偏好)

 

7. super /ˈsuːpə(r)/ adj. 超级的；顶好的

 

· 近义词：excellent, fantastic

· 反义词：inferior

· 词性转换：superbly adv. 极好地；superior n./adj. 上级/优越的

· 固定搭配：super star 超级明星；super model 超模

· 例句：We had a super time at the beach. (我们在海滩玩得超级开心。)

· 练习题：

  1. The team played ______ (super) and won the championship.

  2. She is a ______ (super) talented musician.

· 答案与解析：

  1. superbly (副词修饰played)

  2. super (形容词修饰talented，意为“非常”)

 

8. sunglasses /ˈsʌnɡlɑːsɪz/ n. 墨镜

 

· 近义词：shades n. (俚语)

 

 

· 固定搭配：a pair of sunglasses 一副太阳镜

· 例句：You’d better wear sunglasses to protect your eyes from the sun. (你最好戴上墨镜保护眼睛。)

· 练习题：

  1. I lost my ______ (sunglasses) on the bus.

  2. She bought three pairs of ______ (sunglasses) for her trip to the beach.

· 答案与解析：

  1. sunglasses (复数形式)

  2. sunglasses (同上)

 

9. mini- /ˈmɪni/ pref. 微型的；短的

· 近义词：micro-

· 反义词：maxi-, mega-

· 固定搭配：minibus 小巴；miniskirt 迷你裙；miniature 微缩模型

· 例句：She lives in a mini apartment in the city center. (她住在市中心的一间微型公寓里。)

· 练习题：

  1. The company produced a ______ (mini) version of the classic game console.

  2. We took a ______ (mini) bus to the airport because it was cheaper.

· 答案与解析：

  1. mini (形容词，“微型的”)

  2. mini (构成minibus)

 

10. itself /ɪtˈself/ pron. 它自己

· 固定搭配：by itself 自动地；独自；in itself 本质上

· 例句：The cat cleaned itself carefully. (猫仔细地把自己舔干净。)

· 练习题：

  1. The machine turns off by ______ (its) after five minutes.

  2. The problem isn’t serious in ______ (it).

· 答案与解析：

  1. itself (by itself “自动地”)

  2. itself (in itself “本质上”)

 

11. button /ˈbʌtn/ n. 按钮；扣子 v. 扣上

 

· 近义词：switch n. 开关

· 固定搭配：push the button 按按钮；button up 扣上扣子