Unit4 词汇备课 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册
人教版九上unit 4词汇备课
1. position
· 词性 & 词义：n. 位置；地方；v. 安置；使处于
· 近义词：n. location, place; v. place, put
· 词性转换：positioned (adj. 被安置的)
· 常见搭配：in position (就位), take a position (就职/持有立场)
· 例句：The manager positioned the chairs in a circle. (经理把椅子摆成一圈。)
· 练习题：
1. Please _______ the camera carefully on the tripod. (position)
2. The _______ of the library is marked on the map. (position)
· 答案：1. position 2. position
· 解析：第1句需要动词原形构成祈使句；第2句需要名词作主语。
2. sadness
· 词性 & 词义：n. 悲伤
· 近义词：grief, sorrow
· 反义词：happiness, joy
· 词性转换：sad (adj.) → sadly (adv.) → sadness (n.)
· 常见搭配：with sadness (悲伤地), deep sadness (深切的悲伤)
· 例句：She couldn't hide her sadness after the loss. (失去后她无法掩饰悲伤。)
· 练习题：
1. He looked at me _______. (sad)
2. The movie's ending brought tears of _______. (sad)
· 答案：1. sadly 2. sadness
· 解析：第1句修饰动词looked需用副词；第2句of后需用名词作宾语。
3. run out (of sth)
· 词性 & 词义：动词短语 用完；耗尽
· 近义词：use up, exhaust
· 反义词：plenty of, have enough
· 常见搭配：run out of time/money/patience
· 例句：We ran out of milk, so I went to buy some. (牛奶喝完了，我去买了些。)
· 练习题：
1. Our car _______ gas on the highway. (run out of)
2. If we keep wasting water, it will _______ soon. (run out)
· 答案：1. ran out of 2. run out
· 解析：第1句有宾语“gas”需用及物的run out of；第2句无宾语用不及物的run out，主语为物。
4. react
· 词性 & 词义：v. 作出反应；回应
· 近义词：respond, reply
· 反义词：ignore, neglect
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· 词性转换：reaction (n.) → reactive (adj.)
· 常见搭配：react to (对……作出反应)
· 例句：How did he react to the news? (他对这个消息反应如何？)
· 练习题：
1. His immediate _______ was anger. (react)
2. Children often _______ strongly to loud noises. (react)
· 答案：1. reaction 2. react
· 解析：第1句作主语需名词；第2句谓语动词用原形。
5. mix up
· 词性 & 词义：动词短语 混淆；弄乱
· 近义词：confuse, muddle
· 反义词：distinguish, separate
· 词性转换：mixed-up (adj. 混乱的，迷惑的)
· 常见搭配：get mixed up (搞混)
· 例句：I always mix up the twins' names. (我总是分不清双胞胎的名字。)
· 练习题：
1. Sorry, I _______ your umbrella with mine. (mix up)
2. The instructions were so _______ that no one understood. (mix up)
· 答案：1. mixed up 2. mixed-up
· 解析：第1句动词过去式；第2句形容词作表语。
6. put sth to good use
· 词性 & 词义：短语 有效使用（或利用）某物
· 近义词：make good use of, utilize
· 反义词：waste, squander
· 常见搭配：put time/money/talent to good use
· 例句：You should put your free time to good use by reading. (你应该把空闲时间好好利用起来读书。)
· 练习题：
1. He _______ his savings _______ by starting a small business. (put to good use)
2. The old building was finally _______. (put to good use)
· 答案：1. put, to good use 2. put to good use
· 解析：第1句动词过去式+短语；第2句被动语态。
7. chain
· 词性 & 词义：n. 链条
· 近义词：link, series
· 词性转换：unchained (adj. 无链的)
· 常见搭配：a chain of (一连串), bicycle chain
· 例句：The dog is attached to a long chain. (狗拴在长链子上。)
· 练习题：
1. A _______ of events led to the accident. (chain)
2. She _______ the bicycle to the pole. (chain)
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· 答案：1. chain 2. chained
· 解析：第1句名词“一连串”；第2句动词化“用链条锁住”。
8. stable
· 词性 & 词义：adj. 稳定的；稳固的
· 近义词：steady, firm
· 反义词：unstable, shaky
· 词性转换：stability (n.) → stabilize (v.)
· 常见搭配：stable condition (稳定状态)
· 例句：The ladder doesn't feel stable. (梯子感觉不稳。)
· 练习题：
1. The government is trying to maintain economic _______. (stable)
2. After treatment, his health became more _______. (stable)
· 答案：1. stability 2. stable
· 解析：第1句名词作宾语；第2句形容词作表语。
9. lecture
· 词性 & 词义：n. 讲座；讲课
· 近义词：speech, talk
· 词性转换：lecturer (n. 讲师)
· 常见搭配：attend a lecture (听讲座), give a lecture (做讲座)
· 例句：Professor Li gave a lecture on ancient history. (李教授做了一场古代史讲座。)
· 练习题：
1. The _______ spoke for two hours without a break. (lecture)
2. She _______ her students about being late again. (lecture)
· 答案：1. lecturer 2. lectured
· 解析：第1句需要人“讲师”；第2句动词化“训斥/讲课”。
10. retell
· 词性 & 词义：v. 复述
· 近义词：recount, repeat
· 词性转换：retelling (n. 复述)
· 常见搭配：retell a story (复述故事)
· 例句：Please retell the main points in your own words. (请用自己的话复述要点。)
· 练习题：
1. Her _______ of the fairy tale was creative. (retell)
2. Can you _______ what happened yesterday? (retell)
· 答案：1. retelling 2. retell
· 解析：第1句名词化“复述版本”；第2句情态动词后接动词原形。
11. memorize
· 词性 & 词义：v. 记住；记忆
· 近义词：remember, learn by heart
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