Unit4 词汇备课 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

人教版九上unit 4词汇备课 1. position · 词性 & 词义：n. 位置；地方；v. 安置；使处于 · 近义词：n. location, place; v. place, put · 词性转换：positioned (adj. 被安置的) · 常见搭配：in position (就位), take a position (就职/持有立场) · 例句：The manager positioned the chairs in a circle. (经理把椅子摆成一圈。) · 练习题： 1. Please _______ the camera carefully on the tripod. (position) 2. The _______ of the library is marked on the map. (position) · 答案：1. position 2. position · 解析：第1句需要动词原形构成祈使句；第2句需要名词作主语。 2. sadness · 词性 & 词义：n. 悲伤 · 近义词：grief, sorrow · 反义词：happiness, joy · 词性转换：sad (adj.) → sadly (adv.) → sadness (n.) · 常见搭配：with sadness (悲伤地), deep sadness (深切的悲伤) · 例句：She couldn't hide her sadness after the loss. (失去后她无法掩饰悲伤。) · 练习题： 1. He looked at me _______. (sad) 2. The movie's ending brought tears of _______. (sad) · 答案：1. sadly 2. sadness · 解析：第1句修饰动词looked需用副词；第2句of后需用名词作宾语。 3. run out (of sth) · 词性 & 词义：动词短语 用完；耗尽 · 近义词：use up, exhaust · 反义词：plenty of, have enough · 常见搭配：run out of time/money/patience · 例句：We ran out of milk, so I went to buy some. (牛奶喝完了，我去买了些。) · 练习题： 1. Our car _______ gas on the highway. (run out of) 2. If we keep wasting water, it will _______ soon. (run out) · 答案：1. ran out of 2. run out · 解析：第1句有宾语“gas”需用及物的run out of；第2句无宾语用不及物的run out，主语为物。 4. react · 词性 & 词义：v. 作出反应；回应 · 近义词：respond, reply · 反义词：ignore, neglect · 词性转换：reaction (n.) → reactive (adj.) · 常见搭配：react to (对……作出反应) · 例句：How did he react to the news? (他对这个消息反应如何？) · 练习题： 1. His immediate _______ was anger. (react) 2. Children often _______ strongly to loud noises. (react) · 答案：1. reaction 2. react · 解析：第1句作主语需名词；第2句谓语动词用原形。 5. mix up · 词性 & 词义：动词短语 混淆；弄乱 · 近义词：confuse, muddle · 反义词：distinguish, separate · 词性转换：mixed-up (adj. 混乱的，迷惑的) · 常见搭配：get mixed up (搞混) · 例句：I always mix up the twins' names. (我总是分不清双胞胎的名字。) · 练习题： 1. Sorry, I _______ your umbrella with mine. (mix up) 2. The instructions were so _______ that no one understood. (mix up) · 答案：1. mixed up 2. mixed-up · 解析：第1句动词过去式；第2句形容词作表语。 6. put sth to good use · 词性 & 词义：短语 有效使用（或利用）某物 · 近义词：make good use of, utilize · 反义词：waste, squander · 常见搭配：put time/money/talent to good use · 例句：You should put your free time to good use by reading. (你应该把空闲时间好好利用起来读书。) · 练习题： 1. He _______ his savings _______ by starting a small business. (put to good use) 2. The old building was finally _______. (put to good use) · 答案：1. put, to good use 2. put to good use · 解析：第1句动词过去式+短语；第2句被动语态。 7. chain · 词性 & 词义：n. 链条 · 近义词：link, series · 词性转换：unchained (adj. 无链的) · 常见搭配：a chain of (一连串), bicycle chain · 例句：The dog is attached to a long chain. (狗拴在长链子上。) · 练习题： 1. A _______ of events led to the accident. (chain) 2. She _______ the bicycle to the pole. (chain) · 答案：1. chain 2. chained · 解析：第1句名词“一连串”；第2句动词化“用链条锁住”。 8. stable · 词性 & 词义：adj. 稳定的；稳固的 · 近义词：steady, firm · 反义词：unstable, shaky · 词性转换：stability (n.) → stabilize (v.) · 常见搭配：stable condition (稳定状态) · 例句：The ladder doesn't feel stable. (梯子感觉不稳。) · 练习题： 1. The government is trying to maintain economic _______. (stable) 2. After treatment, his health became more _______. (stable) · 答案：1. stability 2. stable · 解析：第1句名词作宾语；第2句形容词作表语。 9. lecture · 词性 & 词义：n. 讲座；讲课 · 近义词：speech, talk · 词性转换：lecturer (n. 讲师) · 常见搭配：attend a lecture (听讲座), give a lecture (做讲座) · 例句：Professor Li gave a lecture on ancient history. (李教授做了一场古代史讲座。) · 练习题： 1. The _______ spoke for two hours without a break. (lecture) 2. She _______ her students about being late again. (lecture) · 答案：1. lecturer 2. lectured · 解析：第1句需要人“讲师”；第2句动词化“训斥/讲课”。 10. retell · 词性 & 词义：v. 复述 · 近义词：recount, repeat · 词性转换：retelling (n. 复述) · 常见搭配：retell a story (复述故事) · 例句：Please retell the main points in your own words. (请用自己的话复述要点。) · 练习题： 1. Her _______ of the fairy tale was creative. (retell) 2. Can you _______ what happened yesterday? (retell) · 答案：1. retelling 2. retell · 解析：第1句名词化“复述版本”；第2句情态动词后接动词原形。 11. memorize · 词性 & 词义：v. 记住；记忆 · 近义词：remember, learn by heart · 反义词：forget · 词性转换：memory (n.) → memorization (n.) · 常见搭配：memorize vocabulary (背单词) · 例句：It's hard to memorize so many dates. (记住这么多日期很难。) · 练习题： 1. He has a good _______, so he can memorize poems quickly. (memorize) 2. Regular _______ of words helps improve English. (memorize) · 答案：1. memory 2. memorization · 解析：第1句名词“记忆力”；第2句名词“记忆行为”。 12. stick · 词性 & 词义：v. 给……打钩；n. 对号；钩号 · 近义词：v. tick; n. check mark · 反义词：v. cross out · 词性转换：sticky (adj. 粘的，不同义) · 常见搭配：put a stick (打钩) · 例句：Put a stick next to the correct answer. (在正确答案旁打钩。) · 练习题： 1. Please _______ the items you agree with. (stick) 2. There is a red _______ on my paper. (stick) · 答案：1. stick 2. stick · 解析：第1句动词原形；第2句名词作主语。 13. grandson · 词性 & 词义：n. 孙子；外孙 · 反义词：granddaughter · 词性转换：grandson (无派生，可拆解grand+son) · 常见搭配：my grandson (我的孙子) · 例句：His grandson often visits him on weekends. (他的孙子周末常来看他。) · 练习题： 1. My _______ just started elementary school. (grandson) 2. She has two _______ and one granddaughter. (grandson) · 答案：1. grandson 2. grandsons · 解析：第1句单数主语；第2句复数形式直接加s。 14. go through · 词性 & 词义：短语 经历；仔细察看 · 近义词：experience, examine · 反义词：avoid, skip · 常见搭配：go through a difficult time · 例句：She went through her notes before the exam. (考试前她浏览了笔记。) · 练习题： 1. He has _______ many hardships since childhood. (go through) 2. Let's _______ the report together to find errors. (go through) · 答案：1. gone through 2. go through · 解析：第1句现在完成时用过去分词；第2句let’s后接动词原形。 15. happen to · 词性 & 词义：短语 发生；遭遇 · 近义词：occur to, befall · 常见搭配：What happened to you? (你怎么了？) · 例句：An accident happened to him on the way. (他在路上出事了。) · 练习题： 1. Do you know what _______ Mary yesterday? (happen to) 2. Something strange _______ me last night. (happen to) · 答案：1. happened to 2. happened to · 解析：两句都用一般过去时，happen to后接人。 16. keep (...) in mind · 词性 & 词义：短语 记在心中；记住 · 近义词：remember, bear in mind · 反义词：forget, ignore · 常见搭配：keep it in mind that... · 例句：Please keep the rules in mind. (请牢记规则。) · 练习题： 1. You should _______ safety _______ when driving. (keep in mind) 2. I'll _______ your advice _______. (keep in mind) · 答案：1. keep, in mind 2. keep, in mind · 解析：均为动词+宾语+in mind结构，注意代词位置。 17. case · 词性 & 词义：n. 情况；事实 · 近义词：situation, instance · 常见搭配：in case (万一), in that case (既然那样) · 例句：In his case, honesty is the best policy. (就他而言，诚实为上策。) · 练习题： 1. Take an umbrella _______ it rains. (case) 2. _______ I forgot to tell you, the meeting is canceled. (case) · 答案：1. in case 2. In case · 解析：第1句“以防”；第2句“假使”（注意大写）。 18. in sb’s case · 词性 & 词义：短语 就某人的情况而言 · 近义词：as for sb. · 例句：In your case, we can make an exception. (就你的情况而言，我们可以破例。) · 练习题： 1. _______, starting early is the best choice. (in my case) 2. He is very strict, but _______ we were allowed to leave. (in our case) · 答案：1. In my case 2. in our case · 解析：介词短语作状语，主格代词所有格。 19. opera · 词性 & 词义：n. 歌剧；歌剧团 · 词性转换：operatic (adj. 歌剧的) · 常见搭配：Beijing opera (京剧), opera house (歌剧院) · 例句：She enjoys listening to opera. (她喜欢听歌剧。) · 练习题： 1. The _______ singer has a powerful voice. (opera) 2. We went to the _______ last night. (opera) · 答案：1. operatic 2. opera · 解析：第1句形容词“歌剧的”；第2句名词“歌剧院/歌剧演出”。 20. ticket · 词性 & 词义：n. 入场券；票 · 近义词：pass, coupon · 常见搭配：a ticket to/for (……的票) · 例句：I have two tickets to the concert. (我有两张音乐会票。) · 练习题： 1. How much is a _______ to the museum? (ticket) 2. He got a speeding _______ yesterday. (ticket) · 答案：1. ticket 2. ticket · 解析：第1句“门票”；第2句“罚单”一词多义。 21. wallet · 词性 & 词义：n. 钱包 · 近义词：purse (女用钱包) · 常见搭配：a leather wallet · 例句：I left my wallet on the bus. (我把钱包落在公交车上了。) · 练习题： 1. He took out his _______ to pay the bill. (wallet) 2. Her _______ was stolen in the crowd. (wallet) · 答案：1. wallet 2. wallet · 解析：两句均为名词作宾语/主语，词形不变。 22. picnic · 词性 & 词义：n. 野餐 · 近义词： outing · 常见搭配：have a picnic (野餐), go on a picnic (去野餐) · 例句：We had a picnic by the lake. (我们在湖边野餐。) · 练习题： 1. It's a nice day for a _______. (picnic) 2. They are _______ in the park. (picnic) · 答案：1. picnic 2. picnicking · 解析：第1句名词；第2句动词现在分词（需双写c+ing）。 23. airport · 词性 & 词义：n. 机场 · 近义词：airfield (较少用) · 常见搭配：at the airport, airport terminal · 例句：We arrived at the airport two hours early. (我们提前两小时到达机场。) · 练习题： 1. The _______ is busy during holidays. (airport) 2. Please pick me up at the _______. (airport) · 答案：1. airport 2. airport · 解析：两句均为名词，拼写无变化。 24. gunshot · 词性 & 词义：n. 枪声；（射击的）炮弹 · 近义词：gunfire · 常见搭配：gunshot wound (枪伤), hear a gunshot · 例句：They heard a gunshot in the distance. (他们听到远处一声枪响。) · 练习题： 1. The _______ was so loud that everyone froze. (gunshot) 2. He died from a _______ to the chest. (gunshot) · 答案：1. gunshot 2. gunshot · 解析：均为名词，第2句中gunshot作定语。 25. grown-up · 词性 & 词义：adj. 成年的 · 近义词：adult, mature · 反义词：childish, young · 词性转换：grown-up (也可作n. 成年人) · 常见搭配：grown-up behavior (成熟的行为) · 例句：She has two grown-up children. (她有两个成年的孩子。) · 练习题： 1. Acting like a _______ means taking responsibility. (grown-up) 2. This movie is too scary for kids; it's more for _______ audiences. (grown-up) · 答案：1. grown-up 2. grown-up · 解析：第1句名词“成年人”；第2句形容词“成年的”。 26. recall · 词性 & 词义：v. 回忆起；回想起 · 近义词：remember, recollect · 反义词：forget · 词性转换：recall (n. 回忆，召回) · 常见搭配：recall doing sth (记得做过某事) · 例句：I can't recall where I put my keys. (我想不起把钥匙放哪了。) · 练习题： 1. His _______ of the event was clear. (recall) 2. She tried to _______ the happy times in her childhood. (recall) · 答案：1. recall 2. recall · 解析：第1句名词“回忆”；第2句动词原形。 27. grapevine · 词性 & 词义：n. 葡萄藤；葡萄树 · 近义词：vine · 常见搭配：hear through the grapevine (小道消息听说) · 例句：I heard through the grapevine that she got promoted. (我听小道消息说她升职了。) · 练习题： 1. The _______ is full of ripe grapes. (grapevine) 2. I _______ that Jenny is moving to London. (grapevine) · 答案：1. grapevine 2. heard through the grapevine · 解析：第1句字面义；第2句习语用法。 28. boost · 词性 & 词义：v. 促进；使增长 n. 帮助；增长 · 近义词：increase, raise, improve · 反义词：decrease, reduce · 词性转换：booster (n. 助推器) · 常见搭配：boost confidence (增强信心) · 例句：This new policy will boost the economy. (这项新政策将促进经济增长。) · 练习题： 1. Regular exercise gives a great _______ to your health. (boost) 2. We need to _______ sales before the holiday. (boost) · 答案：1. boost 2. boost · 解析：第1句名词作宾语；第2句动词原形。 29. to start with · 词性 & 词义：短语 首先 · 近义词：first of all, initially · 反义词：finally, eventually · 例句：To start with, let me introduce myself. (首先，做个自我介绍。) · 练习题： 1. _______, we don't have enough money. (to start with) 2. The plan was difficult _______ but got easier. (to start with) · 答案：1. To start with 2. to start with · 解析：第1句句首表顺序；第2句句尾表起初。 30. short-term · 词性 & 词义：adj. 短期的 · 近义词：temporary · 反义词：long-term · 常见搭配：short-term memory (短期记忆), short-term plan · 例句：This is only a short-term solution. (这只是个短期解决方案。) · 练习题： 1. We need a _______ fix before the permanent repair. (short-term) 2. _______ planning is important for daily tasks. (short-term) · 答案：1. short-term 2. Short-term · 解析：均为形容词作定语，第2句句首大写。 31. long-term · 词性 & 词义：adj. 长期的 · 近义词：enduring, permanent · 反义词：short-term · 常见搭配：long-term goals, long-term relationship · 例句：Exercising has long-term benefits. (锻炼有长期好处。) · 练习题： 1. We should focus on _______ development. (long-term) 2. _______ memory stores information for years. (long-term) · 答案：1. long-term 2. Long-term · 解析：同short-term用法。 32. technique · 词性 & 词义：n. 技巧 · 近义词：skill, method · 词性转换：technical (adj.), technician (n.) · 常见搭配：learning techniques (学习技巧) · 例句：This painting technique is hard to master. (这种绘画技巧难以掌握。) · 练习题： 1. He has a unique _______ for solving problems. (technique) 2. _______ support is available if you call this number. (technique) · 答案：1. technique 2. Technical · 解析：第1句名词；第2句形容词“技术的”。 33. passage · 词性 & 词义：n. 段落；走廊 · 近义词：paragraph, hallway · 常见搭配：a passage from a book, a narrow passage · 例句：Read the passage and answer the questions. (读段落并回答问题。) · 练习题： 1. The _______ was so dark that I couldn't see. (passage) 2. This _______ describes his early life. (passage) · 答案：1. passage 2. passage · 解析：第1句“走廊”；第2句“段落”。 34. likely · 词性 & 词义：adj. 可能的 · 近义词：probable, possible · 反义词：unlikely, improbable · 常见搭配：be likely to do sth (很可能做某事) · 例句：It is likely to rain tomorrow. (明天很可能下雨。) · 练习题： 1. She is _______ to win the competition. (likely) 2. The _______ outcome is that he will refuse. (likely) · 答案：1. likely 2. likely · 解析：第1句adj+to do；第2句adj作定语。 35. wear out · 词性 & 词义：短语 使疲乏；磨损 · 近义词：exhaust, tire out; deteriorate · 反义词：refresh, repair · 常见搭配：wear out shoes, wear sb out · 例句：Playing all day wore the children out. (玩了一整天让孩子们筋疲力尽。) · 练习题： 1. These shoes are _______ after years of use. (wear out) 2. The long hike _______ the whole team _______. (wear out) · 答案：1. worn out 2. wore, out · 解析：第1句被动/形容词化；第2句一般过去时及物短语。 36. discuss · 词性 & 词义：v. 讨论；谈论；商量 · 近义词：talk about, debate · 反义词：ignore · 词性转换：discussion (n.) · 常见搭配：discuss sth with sb · 例句：We need to discuss the plan. (我们需要讨论这个计划。) · 练习题： 1. After a long _______, they reached an agreement. (discuss) 2. Let's _______ the problems openly. (discuss) · 答案：1. discussion 2. discuss · 解析：第1句名词；第2句let’s后动词原形。 37. image · 词性 & 词义：n. 图像；形象 · 近义词：picture, figure, appearance · 词性转换：imagine (v.), imagination (n.) · 常见搭配：public image (公众形象) · 例句：The image on the screen was blurry. (屏幕上的图像很模糊。) · 练习题： 1. He _______ himself as a hero. (image) 2. The company tries to project a positive _______. (image) · 答案：1. imagines 2. image · 解析：第1句需动词imagine的第三人称单数；第2句名词。 38. graph · 词性 & 词义：n. 图；图表 · 近义词：chart, diagram · 常见搭配：draw a graph, bar graph · 例句：The graph shows population growth. (这张图显示了人口增长。) · 练习题： 1. Please _______ the data on the paper. (graph) 2. The _______ went upward in the last quarter. (graph) · 答案：1. graph 2. graph · 解析：第1句动词化“绘制图表”；第2句名词。 39. view · 词性 & 词义：v. 看；观看 n. 观点；视野 · 近义词：v. see, watch; n. opinion, sight · 反义词：v. ignore; n. blindness · 词性转换：viewer (n. 观看者), preview (n./v. 预览) · 常见搭配：in view of (鉴于), point of view (观点) · 例句：In my view, we should wait. (在我看来，我们应该等等。) · 练习题： 1. The house has a beautiful _______ of the ocean. (view) 2. Thousands of people _______ the concert online. (view) · 答案：1. view 2. viewed · 解析：第1句名词“景色”；第2句动词过去式“观看”。 40. effective · 词性 & 词义：adj. 有效的 · 近义词：efficient, successful · 反义词：ineffective, useless · 词性转换：effect (n.) → effectively (adv.) · 常见搭配：effective method (有效方法) · 例句：This medicine is effective against colds. (这药治感冒有效。) · 练习题： 1. The new policy had a positive _______. (effective) 2. She communicated very _______ with the team. (effective) · 答案：1. effect 2. effectively · 解析：第1句名词“效果”；第2句副词“有效地”。 41. address · 词性 & 词义：n. 地址 · 近义词：location, residence (n.) · 常见搭配：email address, home address · 例句：Please write your address on the form. (请在表格上写下地址。) · 练习题： 1. What is your home _______? (address) 2. He _______ the package to the wrong house. (address) · 答案：1. address 2. addressed · 解析：第1句名词；第2句动词“写地址/寄送”。 42. password · 词性 & 词义：n. 密码；口令 · 近义词：code, key · 常见搭配：enter password, set a password · 例句：Don't share your password with anyone. (不要把你的密码告诉任何人。) · 练习题： 1. You need a _______ to log in. (password) 2. He forgot his _______ and couldn't access the account. (password) · 答案：1. password 2. password · 解析：两句均为名词，拼写一致。 43. account · 词性 & 词义：n. 账户；账目 · 近义词：profile, record · 常见搭配：bank account, user account · 例句：She opened a new bank account. (她开了一个新银行账户。) · 练习题： 1. Please _______ for the missing money. (account) 2. He has a social media _______. (account) · 答案：1. account 2. account · 解析：第1句动词短语account for“解释”；第2句名词“账号”。 44. increase · 词性 & 词义：n. 增长；v. 增加 · 近义词：rise, grow · 反义词：decrease, reduce · 常见搭配：increase by (增加了), increase to (增加到) · 例句：The price increased by 10%. (价格上涨了10%。) · 练习题： 1. There was a sharp _______ in temperature. (increase) 2. Regular exercise will _______ your energy. (increase) · 答案：1. increase 2. increase · 解析：第1句名词；第2句动词原形。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $