Unit1 Food matters 第三课时综合练习-2025-2026学年高中英语牛津译林版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 以单元核心词汇短语为基础，通过语法点系统解析与多题型综合训练，构建“词汇-语法-语用”三维复习体系，提升语言运用与思维品质。 **综合设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |重要短语|16个核心短语|短语搭配与语境应用|从基础短语积累过渡到阅读中的灵活运用| |Extended Reading|15处语法解析（含非限制性定语从句等）|“主语+be believed+to do”等结构时态语态归纳、独立主格结构用法|语法点从概念解析到单句填空，再到语篇理解| |阅读理解等题型|6类题型（完形、七选五等）|阅读策略与语篇逻辑分析|从单句语法到语篇综合，提升语言能力与跨文化理解|

选必修一Unit1 Food Matters(第三课时复习) +阅读组合训练 【学习目标】 1、复习选必修一Unit1 Extended Reading词汇、短语和句型； 2、阅读组合训练，提升阅读理解力。 【学习过程】 Part one 重要短语 1．do trick 奏效，起作用，达到目的 2．cry out 迫切需要 3．throw oneself 投身于 4．out this world 好(或美等)得不得了 5．refer 参考；涉及；指的是 6．make up 弥补 7．tie up 和……有密切关系 8．cheer sb. 使某人振作起来 9．let sth.loose放任，释放 10．hit spot 使人满意，正合需要 11．fall 破碎，破裂；崩溃 12．together 和；连同 13．be covered 被……盖满；充满着…… 14．start 出发；开始 15．all year round 全年；一整年 16．take 起飞；脱下；离开；迅速流行 Part two Extended Reading Eating in China食在中国 1.The mouth­watering hot pots of Sichuan are as famous overseas as they are in China, and the hot flavour is enough to heat up a cold midwinter evening or to let loose rivers of sweat on a summer afternoon. 令人垂涎欲滴的四川火锅，闻名海内外，那火锅的风味足以温暖隆冬的寒夜，或在夏日的午后让人汗流如注。 (1)loose adj.不受约束的；未固定牢的；零散的；宽松的；疏松的 let sth loose 释放；放任 (2)“enough＋动词不定式”结构 (3)heat up 加热，变热 单句语法填空 ①Would you be good enough (take) my bag upstairs for me? ②It was too late (repair) the damage done to their relationship. ③She fastened the belt (loose) around her waist. 2.The hot flavour quickened our laughter and conversation, making the meal the perfect way to relax with friends. 热辣的味道让大家谈笑起来更有兴致，这顿饭成了与友人放松的最佳方式 (1)quicken vt.(使)加快，加速；变得更活跃；使更活跃---quick adj.迅速的，快的; adv.迅速发生地，很快发生地 (2) making the meal the perfect way to....---此处动词­ing形式短语作状语；动词不定式短语to relax with friends作定语，修饰名词way 【拓展】现在分词短语(doing)作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，前面有时可加上thus表示强调。通常位于句末，且常用逗号和前面的句子成分隔开。 而不定式短语(to do)作结果状语，常常表示出乎意料的、偶然出现的结果。 单句语法填空 ①A number of new machines were introduced from abroad, (result) in an increase in production. ②The helicopter crashed last year, (claim)the lives of Kobe，his 13-year-old daughter and seven other victims(遇难者). ③They have been discussing the problem for two hours, (reach) no agreement at last. ④I hurried to the station, only (find) that the train had left. ⑤All the boats were destroyed by them, (leave)us no chance to leave the island. 3.Sichuan hot pots are perfect for the damp, foggy climate in which they were invented．四川火锅非常适合其发源地潮湿多雾的气候。 (1)damp adj.潮湿的，湿气重的 (2)foggy adj.有雾的，雾茫茫的 (3)climate in which they---此句in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词climate 【回顾】介词＋whom/which引导的定语从句 确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入手：①介词与先行词的搭配；②从句中的动词或形容词与先行词的搭配；③句子的意思 单句语法填空 ①Trading leather shoes is the business which the Greens are devoted. ②The study suggests that the cultures we grow up in influence the basic processes which we see the world around us. ③He had a vision of a world which there would be no wars. ④Leave him a note at the reception desk which he will learn how to find you. ⑤The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, which 80% are sold abroad. ⑥I don't like the way which he spoke to me. 4.They are believed to have started off in the late Qing Dynasty\ as a way for boatmen on the Yangtze River to keep warm during the cold and wet winters. 人们认为，火锅始自清末，当时是长江上的船工在湿冷的冬季取暖的一种方法。 (1)dynasty n．朝，代；王朝 (2)They are believed to have-----本句属于“主语+be believed +to do”结构，意为“...被认为是....”,后面的 to keep warm duing the cold and wet winters作后置定语 【考点提炼】“主语+to believed +to do..”句型，用法如下： 该结构意为“...被认为是....”，to do 根据需要有时态和语态的变化，即 be believed to do (表示一般情况或动作即将要发生) be believed to be doing (表示动作正在进行) be believed to have done (表示动作已完成) be believed to be done (表示动作被动且即将要发生) be believed to have been done(表示动作被动且动作已完成) The vase is believed to be worth lost of money. 人们认为这个花瓶值许多钱。 Chinese is believed to be used even more widely in the future world. 人们认为汉语在未来的世界的使用将会更加广泛。 Loulan is believed to have been gradually covered over by sandstorms hundreds of years ago. 人们认为，楼兰在数百年前被沙尘暴渐渐吞没。 【注意】 ①该句型可与“It’s believed that...”互换 He is believed to be a learned and modest scholar.= It’s believed that he is a learned and modest scholar.他被认为是一位博学、谦虚的学者。 ②常用于该句型的过去分词还有said,thought, considered, hoped, reported等 I haven’t seen Jack for many years. He is said to be living in China now. =I haven’t seen Jack for many years.=It is said that he is living in China now. 单句语法填空 ①The Yeti is said (be)a large, hairy animal that walks on two feet like a human being. ②A health care project is reported (provide) treatment at half cost. ③It is said he has moved to Chicago. ④Mo Yan, a Chinese writer, (report) to have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. 5.Over time, it has expanded to include multiple options of soups, vegetables, meats and sauces, appealing to people of different tastes． 后来，火锅的内容逐渐丰富，包括各式汤底以及品种多样的蔬菜、肉和调料，满足了人们不同的口味。 (1)multiple adj.数量多的，多样的 (2)sauce n．调味汁，酱 (3)appeal to sb 对某人有吸引力；向某人呼吁 (4)appealing to people of different tastes----动词­ing形式短语作结果状语（自然而然的结果） (5)expand vt.& vi.增加，扩大；扩展，发展(业务)；详谈，详述 【拓展】 ①expand on/upon 详述，充分叙述，详细阐明 expand...into... 把……扩展成…… expand into... 扩大成为…… ②expansion n. 扩张，扩充 I will expand on this topic in the next class to make you more clear about it.细谈，详述 We all know that heat causes an object to expand and cold causes it to contract.膨胀 单句语法填空 ①How can the pain be relieved by using that method? Could you expand that point, please? ②After years of struggle，his company has expanded a big one，with branches all over the country. ③The teacher is teaching the students how to expand one sentence a paragraph. ④Due to the continuous (expand) of business，we need to employ more workers. ⑤Would you please expand how you managed to get the job? ⑥We are looking to the further (expand) of trade and cooperation between us. 6.I instantly became a big fan of Sichuan hot pots and I’ll soon be back for more! 我瞬间成了四川火锅的“铁杆粉丝”，我很快会再回来吃的 instantly adv.立刻，马上；conj.一……就……---instant n. 瞬间，片刻； adj.立刻的，马上的，速食的 【拓展】表示“一.....就.....” ①..as soon as....②the+名词类：the minute/instant/moment ③副词当连词来用：instantly/immediately/directly 单句语法填空 ①Carol answered the door (instant) I knocked. ②If you want to catch that train, you’d better set off for the station (instant). 7.A local history book from the late Qing Dynasty praised salted duck in particular, saying it was without equal． 一本清末的地方志尤其盛赞盐水鸭，称其无与伦比。 (1)in particular尤其，特别 (2)saying it was...--此句动词­ing形式短语作状语 (3)without equal无与伦比；无敌；无比 equal adj.相同的，相等的；平等的；相当的，能胜任的；n.同等的人(物)；vt.比得上；(系动词)与……相等----equality n. 平等，同等；均等----equally adv. 相等地，相同地 【拓展】 ①be equal to (doing) sth.(in ...)(在……方面)等于/能胜任(做)某事 ②equal sb./sth.in (doing) sth.　在(做)某事上比得过；敌得过某人/物 单句语法填空 ①First of all,few people can equal me in oral English. What is (equal)important is that I am good at communicating with others.So I hold the firm belief that I am equal the job as a volunteer. ②The company has equal opportunity policy. ③There is equal number of boys and girls in the class. 8.Traditionally，duck is considered to have cooling properties, so it is appropriate for the hot summer months.传统上鸭肉被认为性凉，所以适宜在炎热的夏季食用。 (1)property [C] 性质，特性；[U] 所有物，财产，不动产 intellectual property知识产权 The plant has the property/quality of healing burns. 这种植物有治疗烫伤的特性 Information is our most important property. 知识是我们最重要的财产 (2)appropriate adj.合适的--- inappropriate adj. 不恰当的；不相称的---appropriately adv. 恰当地；合适地 【拓展短语】 ①be appropriate for/to sth. 对……合适/相称 ②It is appropriate to do sth. 做某事是合适的 Her clothes were appropriate to the occasion. 她的衣服完全适合该场合。 Here I think it is appropriate to draw your attention to one very specific feature of socialism. 谈到这里，我认为应该适时地提醒大家注意社会主义的一个非常明确的特征 单句语法填空 ①Her bright clothes were not appropriate a funeral. ②The above problems were improved (appropriate). 9.Nowadays, people eat salted duck all year round and it is estimated that tens of thousands of ducks are consumed every day in Nanjing！ 如今，人们一年四季都吃盐水鸭，据估计南京人每天要吃掉数万只鸭子！ (1)estimate vt.估计，估价 n．估计；估计的成本 【归纳用法】 ①estimate sth at... 估算某物的价值为……，估计某事的数为…… estimate for sth 估算(某项工作)的费用 be estimated to be/have/cost 估计是/有/花费 It is estimated that... 据估计…… make an estimate 作估计，作估算 estimate sth. as/to be ... 估计某物为…… ②estimation n. (对水平、数量等的)估计；判断，评价 ③underestimate vt. 低估，看轻 ④overestimate vt. 对……估计过高 单句语法填空 ①The building company estimated the cost of the new house $30,000. ②We asked our builder to estimate the repair of the ceiling. ③The company’s market value is estimated (be) worth around $ 369 million. ④According to rough (estimate), the beautiful vase is worth over a million yuan. ⑤Nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated (be) overweight. (2)consume vt.吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间) consume all one’s energies 耗尽某人所有的精力; consume one’s fortune挥霍其财产 They consumed what was left in the fridge. 他们把冰箱里剩下的都吃光了。 The hotel was quickly consumed by the big fire. 这个旅馆很快被大火吞噬了。 【拓展】 consumer n. [C] 消费者；用户，客户 consumption n. [U] 消费（量），消耗（量） time/energy-consuming adj. 耗时的/耗能的 单句语法填空 ①Her speech to party members was not intended for public _________(consume). ②Firms have to be responsive to (consume)demand. ③According to the research, gas and oil (consume) always increases in cold weather. 10.It definitely hit the spot when I tried it, and it has become one of my personal favourites.我一尝，它正对我胃口，盐水鸭已经成了我最钟爱的美食之一。 hit the spot 使人满意，正合需要 【拓展用法】 ①spot n．粉刺；斑点；污渍；地点，场所 on the spot (＝on the scene) 立即；在现场 a tourist spot一个旅游景点 put sb. on the spot(故意提出难以回答或尴尬的问题)使某人难堪 ②spot v．发现；认出；点缀 spot sb.doing...发现某人正在做…… ③spotted adj.有斑点的；有圆点的 be spotted with满是……的斑点；点缀着 【注意】spot作“地点，场所”讲，用作定语从句的先行词时，从句如缺状语则用where引导定语从句，从句如缺主语或宾语则用that/which引导定语从句。 单句语法填空 ①When the thief found the police __________ (spot) him, he ran away quickly. ②She told us the exact spot __________ the accident happened. ③On the bus,I spotted a man (steal) a wallet from a lady's shoulder bag. ④Unfortunately,the car crashed into a bus on the bridge, and the driver was killed the spot. ⑤The boy's shirt is spotted mud, so I guess he must have fallen down. ⑥Moreover, the scenery along the river is amazing，with many well-known tourist (spot). 11.In Guangzhou, morning tea is such an essential part of the daily routine that “Have you had your tea？” has become the local version of “Good morning.” 在广东，早茶在日常生活中的地位是如此重要，以至于“饮茶未”(粤语，意为“你吃早茶了吗”)成了当地人问候早安的方式。 essential adj.必不可少的；本质的，基本的；n.必不可少的东西，必需品；要素，本质 ---essentially adv. 本质上，根本上---essence n. 本质，实质 【搭配】 an essential part of ... ……必不可少的一部分 be essential for/to ... 对……是极其重要的 it is essential that ... ……是完全必要的 The essential difference between the two models of smartphones is recognition tech.识别技术是这两款智能手机的本质区别。 Fresh fruits and vegetables are an essential part of a healthy diet.新鲜的水果和蔬菜是健康饮食必不可少的一部分。 单句语法填空 ①The house for rent has all the (essential )like water heater and air conditioners. ②In (essential), both sides work toward the same goal. ③ (essential), the band’s new album is a collection of their greatest hits. ④ is essential that you should read every document carefully before you sign it. 12.Though teahouses have been common in China since the Tang Dynasty, the Cantonese innovation of the mid­19th century was to serve tea together with a variety of light dishes，or dim sum. 虽说茶馆在中国从唐代开始司空见惯了，但19世纪中叶广东人的创新在于将茶佐以各种小菜或点心。 (1)Though teahouses have been common in China---though引导让步状语从句 (2)innovation n．创造，创新；新思想，新方法--innovate v.革新，创新---innovative adj.革新的，新颖的；富有革新精神的 (3)a variety of 各种各样的 【拓展】 ①vary vi. （根据情况）变化，变更；相异，不同 vt. 变更，改变 vary with/by ... 随……而变化 vary from A to B 从A到B变化 ②various adj. 各种不同的，各种各样的 ③variety n. 不同种类；变化，多样化；变种 (4)the Cantonese innovation of......was to serve tea---to do 做表语 【拓展】动词不定式作表语 不定式作表语，可以说明主语的具体内容，还可以表示目的、结果、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿等，其主语通常为task, aim, purpose, wish, hope, dream, duty, job, plan, choice, intention, decision, problem等名词，或是what引导的名词性从句。不定式作表语时，主语和表语有时可以调换位置，其意思不变。如： A lawyer’s duty is to act in the best interest of his clients. 律师的职责就是代表客户的最大利益行事。 My wish is to write good book for children. 我的愿望是为孩子们写一本好书。 Our task is to build the highway. 我们的任务是修建这条公路 单句语法填空 ①House prices vary the population in that area. ②The level of collaboration also varies country country. ③Constant (innovate), combined with good marketing, will promote the sales of these products. ④We must encourage (innovate) if the company is to remain competitive. ⑤The invention of the Internet is (change) the way we communicate with each other. 13.The concept took off, and today Guangzhou’s restaurants stimulate customers’ appetite with over a thousand offerings, each more delicate and delicious than the last. 这种观念时兴起来，如今广州的餐厅用一千多道点心刺激着食客的食欲，一道比一道精致、可口。 (1)concept n．概念，观念 (2)take off(产品、活动、事业等)腾飞，突然成功 【含off的短语】turn off 关闭 put off 推迟 cut off 切断，中断，隔绝 pay off 成功，奏效，达到目的 get off 下车 go off 突然爆炸，发出巨响；离开 set off 激起，引起；出发，启程 keep off 远离，使…不踏入 show off 炫耀，卖弄 sell off 廉价出售 lay off 解雇 write off 勾销、减税 rip off 偷窃 (3)stimulate vt.促进，激发；刺激，使兴奋---stimulation n. 激励；兴奋(作用) ---stimulating adj. 趣味盎然的；激励人的，振奋人心的 【拓展】 stimulate sb to do sth　促使某人做某事，激发某人做某事 (4)appetite n．食欲，胃口；强烈欲望 【拓展短语】 ①have a good/bad appetite 胃口好/坏 ②develop an appetite for ... 提起胃口 ③lose one’s appetite =have no appetite 没胃口 ④spoil/ruin one’s appetite 破坏食欲 ⑤have an appetite for sth. 爱好某物，对某物有欲望 He suffered from headaches and loss of appetite. 他患有头痛和食欲不振。 The walk gave me a good appetite. 散步使我胃口大开。 Don't spoil your appetite by eating between meals. 不要在两餐之间吃东西，以免影响胃口。 (5)delicate adj.精致的，精细的，精密的；易损的，易碎的，脆弱的---delicately adv.微妙地；精致地 --delicateness n.精美 (6) each more delicate and delicious than the last----独立主格结构 两部分组成：名词/代词+adj./adv./prep./非谓语(to do/doing/done)，相当于状语从句或者并列结构，有三个特点：①独立主格结构和主句之间一般用逗号隔开；②独立主格结构中的两部分可以构成主谓关系；③主句的主语和独立主格结构的逻辑主语不一致。 A wave of terror sweeping over him, he stood rooted to the ground.一阵恐惧席卷了他，他呆若木鸡地站着。 All the lights on, I wasn’t getting any sleep.所有的灯都开着，我根本没睡着。 A stick in his hand, he protected the girl against the attack.他手里拿着一根棍子保护那个女孩免受攻击。 单句语法填空 ①Interesting English literature works can stimulate students (do) more reading after class. ②With the (stimulate) of consumer markets, the industry body expects gold demand to further revive this year. ③Universities have been asked to make their courses more attractive and (stimulate). ④He has an appetite reading. ⑤My brother (watch)cartoon in my room, I have no option but to study in the living room. 14.The Cantonese do not hurry over their breakfast, as I found when I visited a restaurant in Guangzhou’s old city centre this morning. 广东人用早餐并不匆忙，正如今天早晨我在广东老城区中心的一家餐厅所见的那样， as引导的非限制性定语从句 ----句中as引导非限制性定语从句，指代The Cantonese do not hurry over their breakfasts这句话，在从句中充当宾语。 【拓展】非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明的作用，去掉后，主句意思依然完整；先行词与定语从句往往用逗号隔开；常用的引导词有：which、who、whom、whose、as、when、where等。有时可以用“介词+which/whom”引导非限制性定语从句。that和why不可以引导非限制定语从句。在非限制性定语从句中，引导词不可以省略，which也不可以用that替代。如： A wonderful speech was delivered by a well-informed professor, from which I got a thorough understanding of the history of Nanjing. 一位学识渊博的教授做了一场精彩的演讲，让我对南京的历史有了深入的了解。 【注意】关系代词which和as都可以引导非限制性定语从句，但有两个主要的区别：which只能置于主句后，as的位置比较灵活，可以位于主句前、主句中和主句后。as有“正如”的含义，which没有。如： As we had expected, Tom scored the two crucial goals in the final.正如我们所料，汤姆在决赛中进了两个关键的球。 He took the job seriously, which set us a good example.他对待工作认真负责，给我们树立了好榜样 单句语法填空 ①The air quality in the city, ________ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months. ②Growing global export demand is boosting South African manufacturing output, ________ accounts for a large part of the economy. ③________ is known to all, hard work leads to success. ④“A Brief History of Time”, ________ is a best-selling book, is written by Stephen Hawking. ⑤ ________ we all know, swimming is of great benefit to our health. ⑥Put this item of furniture in an unimportant position in the house, ________ it won’t get in the way. ⑦This creature lives in the depths of the ocean, ________ it is safe. ⑧In China there is the Mid-Autumn Festival, ________ people admire the moon apart from enjoying mooncakes. ⑨A major breakthrough in AI came in 1997, ________ Deep Blue, a chess-playing computers, beat the world chess champion Garry Kasparov. 15.The emphasis is rather on conversation about business, family or pleasure, and locals can spend hours together chatting, drinking tea and working their way through the menu. 重点是谈生意，话家常、说乐子。当地人可以花上几个小时一起谈天，饮茶，慢慢吃遍菜单上所有的点心 emphasis n．(pl. emphases) 强调，重视；重读 【拓展】 ①put/lay/place emphasis on sth　　　　 强调/重视某事 ②emphasize vt. 强调，重视；重读，加强……的语气 emphasize the importance of 强调……的重要性 单句语法填空 ①The new policy will also force schools to put emphasis teaching basic subjects. ②The important role in prevention and safety education must (emphasize). ③We provide all types of courses, with emphasis on the speaking course. 16. Fill the dumpling wrappers with the mixture.(P13) mixture n．混合物；混合，结合 【拓展】 ①mix...with......把……与……混合 mix up 混淆，弄混 ②mixed adj.混杂的；混合的 单句语法填空 (1)The explosive (mix)in a rocket consists of both fuel and oxygen. (2)The team is now a good (mix) of experience and youth. (3)Please do not mix two things：your job and your life. (4)With (mix) feelings on mind，she doesn’t know what to do next. 17. Don’t overfill the dumplings，or they will fall apart when you boil them. 不要把饺子包得太满，否则煮的时候它们会散开。(P13) fall apart 破碎，破裂；崩溃 【拓展】apart的其他相关短语： ①take sth. apart 将……拆开，拆分 ②tell sb./sth. apart 分辨出……，把……区分开来 ③set sb./sth. apart 使……突出；与众不同 ④apart from ... 除……外（别无他物）；除……外（尚有） We had to take the table apart and reassemble it upstairs. 我们只好先把桌子拆开，到楼上再组装起来。 Free range and battery eggs, boiled for four minutes, were hard to tell apart. 柴鸡蛋和笼养鸡蛋在煮过4分钟之后很难区分。 I've finished all the questions apart from/except the last one. 除了最后一道题，我全做完了。 Apart from/Besides their house in London, they also have a villa in Spain.他们在伦敦有一座房子，此外在西班牙还有一座别墅。 翻译句子 (1)Some people do well despite the pressure while others under pressure. 一些人尽管有压力却做得很好，而其他人在压力下崩溃了。 (2)He had a deep voice, which from others in our small town. 他有一副低沉的嗓音，这使他在我们这个小镇上与众不同。 (3)Rod loves .However，he never manages to put them together again. 罗德喜欢拆钟。然而，他再也没能把它们拼在一起。 (4)You can my twin brother and me by this mark on my face. 你可以从我脸上的这个记号分辨出我和我的双胞胎弟弟。 阅读理解 “Demographics are our fate”, which suggests much of the future is determined by the very simple trend lines of populations. Of course, demographics can’t spot pandemics or other crises. But as shocking as they feel at the moment, such events are rare. One aspect of the future that demographics can’t help predict are technological discoveries. But even technological discoveries have a slower impact on the daily life than we sometimes perceive. Peter Thiel famously said in 2013, “We wanted flying cars. Instead, we got nothing but 140 characters.” So what comes next? If you woke up 20 years from now in 2042, what would be different? Here are some ideas based on numbers that don’t require a crystal ball. About 70 percent of the world population is expected to live in urban areas by 2050, according to data from the United Nations. That means most cities are going to need more improvements. Roads, public transportation and waste management will need large-scale expansion and upgrades. The average person produces 4.9 pounds of waste a day, up from 3.66 pounds in 1980. But here’s a trend going in the other direction as a result of technology: Paper and paperboard declined from 87.7 million tons in 2000 to 67.4 million tons in 2018, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. And we’ll be older. In the United States, we’re likely to live until 82.4 years old, compared with 79.1 years old today, the United Nations predicts. That’s a good thing for health care companies and others that satisfy the needs of older people. But living three extra years is going to be more expensive, which will have an influence on both working and saving. Businesspersons, industry leaders and policymakers are already at work solving some of the problems that demographic data suggest are ahead of us. They are trying to figure out how to inspire farmers to sequester carbon and use green machines to reduce the energy consumption. What about the metaverse? Or robots taking our jobs? Or AI taking over everything? Demographics can’t answer those questions. All of those things may happen, but life in 2042 may also look a lot like it does today maybe with the exception of those flying cars. 9. How does the author understand “Demographics are our fate.” in Paragraph 1? A. The trend lines of populations can decide the future of the world. B. Demographics can’t determine all the things in the future. C. Demographics can help recognize pandemics or other rises in the future. D. Demographics can decide how quickly we make new technological discoveries. 10. In 2042, which of the following is least likely to happen according to the prediction? A. Much more paper will be produced. B. The environment will be polluted seriously. C. People will produce much more waste than before. D. Urban areas are going to need more improvements. 11. The underlined word “sequester” in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by ________. A. increase B. avoid C. generate D. encounter 12.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Are flying cars popular in 20years? B. What is the fate of the car industry? C. What will the world be like in 20 years? D. What effect do the Demographics have? 完形填空 What was the best moment I’ve ever had in a class? I’ve had many great moments, but perhaps the best moment ___21___ in my English class about a month ago. I had a 15-minute presentation, and I felt pretty confident. Thirty minutes before my presentation, I decided to use a(n) ___22___ for my presentation. I felt even more confident that I would ___23___ the audience. When my presentation ___24___, I gave a signal to my actor that ___25___ me to drop my eight notecards all over the floor. I quickly grabbed all the notecards off the floor. I became ___26___, listening to the laughter of the audience as I tried to rearrange the cards. My anxiety levels rose, and the ___27___ cards just added stress. At that moment, I decided to place the cards down and suddenly I felt a great sense of relief. My words, my explanations and my connections all flowed out of my ___28___, and I felt more natural and free as I presented my topic. My presentation was about a character with schizophrenia (精神分裂症). I explained the symptoms and ___29___ to understand the condition. The ____30____ of my hands along with my visual aids (直观教具) kept the audience entertained. I felt like a(n) ____31____ different person. By the end of the presentation, I was covered with sweat. I realized that the key to presenting to people was not just getting their ____32____ by visual aids. You need to let your heart pour out so that you can ____33____ their hearts and minds. You can’t just be the center of attention; you need to give the audience attention, and talk to them. First and foremost, you can’t present without ____34____. Anything you present should be built off of passion. ____35____ you can be passionate and find a connection between yourself and the topic, you will keep the audience entertained. 21. A. broke out B. built up C. took place D. dug up 22. A. idea B. notecard C. device D. actor 23. A. entertain B. instruct C. appreciate D. guide 24. A. started B. paused C. ended D. continued 25. A. stimulated B. led C. advised D. helped 26. A. relieved B. relaxed C. embarrassed D. frozen 27. A. disappeared B. damaged C. destroyed D. disorganized 28. A. mouth B. tongue C. body D. heart 29. A. what B. when C. whether D. how 30. A. movement B. arrangement C. agreement D. experiment 31. A. essentially B. consequently C. completely D. mostly 32. A. answer B. attention C. solution D. secret 33. A. realize B. warm C. reach D. soften 34. A. words B. emotions C. aids D. smiles 35. A. Now that B. As far as C. In case D. As long as 综合填空一 With the rise in COVID -19 cases, this year’s May Day holiday didn’t offer the usual opportunities for travel that it generally would. However, some of my favorite spots remained open. I ___36___ (take) the chance to visit one of them, Beihai Park. And I was able to explore it in ___37___ (great) detail and restudy it from a fresher point of view. Actually, I had visited Beihai Park many times in all seasons. This time, rather than heading straight to ___38___ (it) most popular site, the White Pagoda, I explored some of the temples and places to its south. ___39___ the mass of crowds constantly forcing me forward, I felt much less pressure to move from place to place. I was able to take my time and focus more on the ___40___ (unbelievable) complex details of these buildings, in particular the mythical creatures on the corners of the ___41___ (roof ). The size and amount of these creatures played multiple role for buildings in the past, both ___42___ (represent) its significance -- the greater the number of creatures, the more important it was. ___43___ these creations follow a general style, the colors and designs on display have a unique flavor. The park has amazing feature and pieces of culture and history ___44___ are not obvious at first sight. By making the most of the current situation, I’ve been able to have ___45___ better understanding of it and realize that I still know so little about it. 综合填空二 Creating arts in the tea cup You may have seen milk foam (泡沫) poured into a coffee, on which a beautiful pattern appears. But have you seen the art in a cup of tea? Dian cha is a tea art from the Song Dynasty. ____36____ art begins with pouring water over fine powdered tea, creating a paste and then adding more hot water, ____37____ ( constant ) whisking (搅拌) it by hand with a bamboo whisk. “ It’s like adding bells and whistles to tea and creating a special atmosphere for tea drinking, ” said 40-year-old Han Zheming, a designer ____38____ has been fascinated by dian cha since childhood. Creating patterns on the tea foam is cautious but quick work. Usually, the whole process has to be completed within 10 minutes. The ideal state is ____39____ the tea’s temperature is around 40℃ and ready for drinking. It was through trial and error ____40____ Han understood the art of dian cha. “ Usually, it ____41____ ( take ) a year of practice for one to be able to do it, ” Han added. ____42____ ( spread ) dian cha culture, Han put the process of tea-whisking and drawing on ____43____ ( society ) media platforms. Speaking about his understanding of this tea art, Han said the art is “ to increase the beauty ” rather than change the nature of tea. “ As well as poems, calligraphy and paintings that ____44____ ( create ) back then, I want more people to understand the tools ____45____ ( use ) by people to drink tea, and the reasons behind the ways they prepared tea, ” he explained. 七选五 With the rapid development of technology, people’s pace of life has sped up. But not everyone enjoys the fast pace of life. Often, the more tightly people schedule their tasks, the more likely they are to lose their original direction and fail to see the real meaning of life. ____16____ First of all, the fast pace of life makes a person feel too tired to stay sharp. Once they have just completed a task, another task is waiting and this wears them out.____17____By contrast, a slow pace of life allows people to have leisure (休闲的)time to relax and prepare for the next task. ____18____ To keep up with the competition, one has to meet deadlines and race against time. In this way,he will be in low spirits. But living a slow life allows people to find the beauty of life. So we should advocate a healthy slow pace of life. However, some people think that living a fast life improves work efficiency.They think that keeping a slow pace is just an excuse for lazy people not to work,and encourages procrastination (拖延). ____19____ What slow life advocates is to slow down the pace of life, so that people can have time to think and relax rather than procrastinate. What’s more, we will better understand the meaning of life and face challenges positively. ____20____Read a book and drink a cup of tea on a leisurely afternoon, for example. So please give yourself a little more time to stop and smell the roses fro m no w on. Let’s be positive about life, love life, and embrace life! A. So procrastination can’t be avoided. B. After all, there is a limit to humans’ ability. C. From m y point of vie w, this statement is one-sided. D. Next, the fast pace of life brings great pressure to people. E. Finally, the slow pace of life offers people more free time. F. Imagine how pleasant it would be to enjoy a nice slow life. G. In my opinion, we should calm down and slow our life down 读后续写：阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The easy way out isn't always easiest. I learned that lesson when I decided to treat my father to a special meal. I glanced through the cookbook and chose a menu which included homemade bread. Knowing the bread would take time, I started on it as soon as he left for work.    As I was not experienced in cooking, I thought if a dozen was good, two dozen would be better, so I doubled everything. As Dad loved oranges, I also opened a can of orange and poured it all into the bowl. Soon there was sticky dough (面团) covered with ugly yellowish marks. Realizing I had been defeated, I put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so I wouldn't have to face him laughing at my work. I went on preparing the rest of the meal, and, when Dad got home, we sat down to Cornish chicken with rice. He tried to enjoy the meal but seemed disturbed. Twice he got up and went outside, saying he thought he heard a noise. The third time he left, I went to the windows to see what he was doing.    Looking out, I saw Dad standing about three feet from the rubbish bin, holding the lid up with a stick and looking into the container. When I came out of the house, he dropped the stick and explained that there was something alive in the rubbish bin. Picking up the stick again, he held the lid up enough for me to see. I felt cold. But I stepped closer and looked harder.    Without doubt it was my work. The hot sun had caused the dough to double in size and the. fermenting yeast (酵母) made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing. I had to admit what the "living thing" was and why it was there. I don't know who was more embarrassed by the whole thing, Dad or me. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My dad tapped me gently on the shoulder, and we went inside. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ . ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At a party three months later, everyone wanted to try my bread. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ . My dad tapped me gently on the shoulder, and we went inside. Sitting back to our Cornish chicken, Dad, smilingly, updated me on recent events at his work without a mere mention   of the crazy dough wildly dancing outside, which served wonderfully as a gentle embarrassment reliever. However, while doing the dishes after dinner, Dad said to me with firmness in his voice, "You don't have to be an expert to make bread, but you do have to do your research before taking actions. There is no such thing as an easy way out." And that was the starting point of my journey with making the perfect bread. At a party three months later, everyone wanted to try my bread. The rest of the night slipped away, filled with inquiries about my secret recipe. Yet, hardly was there a different answer other than, "Beauty comes from balance and patience." To be frank, that was exactly what I'd learnt during my numerous experiments. An amazing loaf of bread required suitable balance of ingredients to mix as well as enormous patience of waiting for the dough to rise. Countless were my failures to make tasty bread, every single moment of it was cherished. Along the journey, I've developed from the man whose dough sighs in a dustbin to the man whose bread makes your taste but dance. 本文讲述作者首次尝试制作面包失败后，因未充分准备导致面团发酵失控，最终在父亲的教导下明白“做事需充分研究，没有捷径”的道理，并通过持续实践最终成功的故事。 第一段需承接前文“父亲发现垃圾桶里的活物”的紧张场景，通过描写父亲可以回避尴尬话题体现其教育智慧；关键要有父亲的教导。 第二段需与前端形成时间对比，用派对场景证明主人公的成长 第2页 | 共4页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 选必修一Unit1 Food Matters(第三课时复习) +阅读组合训练 【学习目标】 1、复习选必修一Unit1 Extended Reading词汇、短语和句型； 2、阅读组合训练，提升阅读理解力。 【学习过程】 Part one 重要短语 1．do the trick 奏效，起作用，达到目的 2．cry out for 迫切需要 3．throw oneself into 投身于 4．out of this world 好(或美等)得不得了 5．refer to 参考；涉及；指的是 6．make up for弥补 7．tie up with 和……有密切关系 8．cheer sb.up使某人振作起来 9．let sth.loose放任，释放 10．hit the spot 使人满意，正合需要 11．fall apart破碎，破裂；崩溃 12．together with 和；连同 13．be covered with被……盖满；充满着…… 14．start off出发；开始 15．all year round 全年；一整年 16．take off 起飞；脱下；离开；迅速流行 Part two Extended Reading Eating in China食在中国 1.The mouth­watering hot pots of Sichuan are as famous overseas as they are in China, and the hot flavour is enough to heat up a cold midwinter evening or to let loose rivers of sweat on a summer afternoon. 令人垂涎欲滴的四川火锅，闻名海内外，那火锅的风味足以温暖隆冬的寒夜，或在夏日的午后让人汗流如注。 (1)loose adj.不受约束的；未固定牢的；零散的；宽松的；疏松的 let sth loose 释放；放任 (2)“enough＋动词不定式”结构 (3)heat up 加热，变热 单句语法填空 ①Would you be good enough to take (take) my bag upstairs for me? ②It was too late to repair (repair) the damage done to their relationship. ③She fastened the belt loosely (loose) around her waist. 2.The hot flavour quickened our laughter and conversation, making the meal the perfect way to relax with friends. 热辣的味道让大家谈笑起来更有兴致，这顿饭成了与友人放松的最佳方式 (1)quicken vt.(使)加快，加速；变得更活跃；使更活跃---quick adj.迅速的，快的; adv.迅速发生地，很快发生地 (2) making the meal the perfect way to....---此处动词­ing形式短语作状语；动词不定式短语to relax with friends作定语，修饰名词way 【拓展】现在分词短语(doing)作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，前面有时可加上thus表示强调。通常位于句末，且常用逗号和前面的句子成分隔开。 而不定式短语(to do)作结果状语，常常表示出乎意料的、偶然出现的结果。 单句语法填空 ①A number of new machines were introduced from abroad, resulting (result) in an increase in production. ②The helicopter crashed last year,claiming (claim)the lives of Kobe，his 13-year-old daughter and seven other victims(遇难者). ③They have been discussing the problem for two hours, (reach) no agreement at last. ④I hurried to the station, only (find) that the train had left. reaching ;to find ⑤All the boats were destroyed by them, leaving (leave)us no chance to leave the island. 3.Sichuan hot pots are perfect for the damp, foggy climate in which they were invented．四川火锅非常适合其发源地潮湿多雾的气候。 (1)damp adj.潮湿的，湿气重的 (2)foggy adj.有雾的，雾茫茫的 (3)climate in which they---此句in which引导定语从句，修饰先行词climate 【回顾】介词＋whom/which引导的定语从句 确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入手：①介词与先行词的搭配；②从句中的动词或形容词与先行词的搭配；③句子的意思 单句语法填空 ①Trading leather shoes is the business to which the Greens are devoted. ②The study suggests that the cultures we grow up in influence the basic processes by which we see the world around us. ③He had a vision of a world in which there would be no wars. ④Leave him a note at the reception desk from which he will learn how to find you. ⑤The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, of which 80% are sold abroad. ⑥I don't like the way in which he spoke to me. 4.They are believed to have started off in the late Qing Dynasty\ as a way for boatmen on the Yangtze River to keep warm during the cold and wet winters. 人们认为，火锅始自清末，当时是长江上的船工在湿冷的冬季取暖的一种方法。 (1)dynasty n．朝，代；王朝 (2)They are believed to have-----本句属于“主语+be believed +to do”结构，意为“...被认为是....”,后面的 to keep warm duing the cold and wet winters作后置定语 【考点提炼】“主语+to believed +to do..”句型，用法如下： 该结构意为“...被认为是....”，to do 根据需要有时态和语态的变化，即 be believed to do (表示一般情况或动作即将要发生) be believed to be doing (表示动作正在进行) be believed to have done (表示动作已完成) be believed to be done (表示动作被动且即将要发生) be believed to have been done(表示动作被动且动作已完成) The vase is believed to be worth lost of money. 人们认为这个花瓶值许多钱。 Chinese is believed to be used even more widely in the future world. 人们认为汉语在未来的世界的使用将会更加广泛。 Loulan is believed to have been gradually covered over by sandstorms hundreds of years ago. 人们认为，楼兰在数百年前被沙尘暴渐渐吞没。 【注意】 ①该句型可与“It’s believed that...”互换 He is believed to be a learned and modest scholar.= It’s believed that he is a learned and modest scholar.他被认为是一位博学、谦虚的学者。 ②常用于该句型的过去分词还有said,thought, considered, hoped, reported等 I haven’t seen Jack for many years. He is said to be living in China now. =I haven’t seen Jack for many years.=It is said that he is living in China now. 单句语法填空 ①The Yeti is said to be (be)a large, hairy animal that walks on two feet like a human being. ②A health care project is reported to_provide(provide) treatment at half cost. ③It is said that he has moved to Chicago. ④Mo Yan, a Chinese writer, was reported (report) to have been awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. 5.Over time, it has expanded to include multiple options of soups, vegetables, meats and sauces, appealing to people of different tastes． 后来，火锅的内容逐渐丰富，包括各式汤底以及品种多样的蔬菜、肉和调料，满足了人们不同的口味。 (1)multiple adj.数量多的，多样的 (2)sauce n．调味汁，酱 (3)appeal to sb 对某人有吸引力；向某人呼吁 (4)appealing to people of different tastes----动词­ing形式短语作结果状语（自然而然的结果） (5)expand vt.& vi.增加，扩大；扩展，发展(业务)；详谈，详述 【拓展】 ①expand on/upon 详述，充分叙述，详细阐明 expand...into... 把……扩展成…… expand into... 扩大成为…… ②expansion n. 扩张，扩充 I will expand on this topic in the next class to make you more clear about it.细谈，详述 We all know that heat causes an object to expand and cold causes it to contract.膨胀 单句语法填空 ①How can the pain be relieved by using that method? Could you expand that point，please? ②After years of struggle，his company has expanded a big one，with branches all over the country. 1.on/upon2.into ③The teacher is teaching the students how to expand one sentence into a paragraph. ④Due to the continuous expansion (expand) of business，we need to employ more workers. ⑤Would you please expand on/upon how you managed to get the job? ⑥We are looking to the further expansion (expand) of trade and cooperation between us. 6.I instantly became a big fan of Sichuan hot pots and I’ll soon be back for more! 我瞬间成了四川火锅的“铁杆粉丝”，我很快会再回来吃的 instantly adv.立刻，马上；conj.一……就……---instant n. 瞬间，片刻； adj.立刻的，马上的，速食的 【拓展】表示“一.....就.....” ①..as soon as....②the+名词类：the minute/instant/moment ③副词当连词来用：instantly/immediately/directly 单句语法填空 ①Carol answered the door (instant) I knocked. ②If you want to catch that train, you’d better set off for the station (instant). 答案：①instantly ②instantly 7.A local history book from the late Qing Dynasty praised salted duck in particular, saying it was without equal． 一本清末的地方志尤其盛赞盐水鸭，称其无与伦比。 (1)in particular尤其，特别 (2)saying it was...--此句动词­ing形式短语作状语 (3)without equal无与伦比；无敌；无比 equal adj.相同的，相等的；平等的；相当的，能胜任的；n.同等的人(物)；vt.比得上；(系动词)与……相等----equality n. 平等，同等；均等----equally adv. 相等地，相同地 【拓展】 ①be equal to (doing) sth.(in ...)(在……方面)等于/能胜任(做)某事 ②equal sb./sth.in (doing) sth.　在(做)某事上比得过；敌得过某人/物 单句语法填空 ①First of all,few people can equal me in oral English. What is equally (equal)important is that I am good at communicating with others.So I hold the firm belief that I am equal to the job as a volunteer. ②The company has an equal opportunity policy. ③There is an equal number of boys and girls in the class. 8.Traditionally，duck is considered to have cooling properties, so it is appropriate for the hot summer months.传统上鸭肉被认为性凉，所以适宜在炎热的夏季食用。 (1)property [C] 性质，特性；[U] 所有物，财产，不动产 intellectual property知识产权 The plant has the property/quality of healing burns. 这种植物有治疗烫伤的特性 Information is our most important property. 知识是我们最重要的财产 (2)appropriate adj.合适的--- inappropriate adj. 不恰当的；不相称的---appropriately adv. 恰当地；合适地 【拓展短语】 ①be appropriate for/to sth. 对……合适/相称 ②It is appropriate to do sth. 做某事是合适的 Her clothes were appropriate to the occasion. 她的衣服完全适合该场合。 Here I think it is appropriate to draw your attention to one very specific feature of socialism. 谈到这里，我认为应该适时地提醒大家注意社会主义的一个非常明确的特征 单句语法填空 ①Her bright clothes were not appropriate for a funeral. ②The above problems were improved appropriately (appropriate). 9.Nowadays, people eat salted duck all year round and it is estimated that tens of thousands of ducks are consumed every day in Nanjing！ 如今，人们一年四季都吃盐水鸭，据估计南京人每天要吃掉数万只鸭子！ (1)estimate vt.估计，估价 n．估计；估计的成本 【归纳用法】 ①estimate sth at... 估算某物的价值为……，估计某事的数为…… estimate for sth 估算(某项工作)的费用 be estimated to be/have/cost 估计是/有/花费 It is estimated that... 据估计…… make an estimate 作估计，作估算 estimate sth. as/to be ... 估计某物为…… ②estimation n. (对水平、数量等的)估计；判断，评价 ③underestimate vt. 低估，看轻 ④overestimate vt. 对……估计过高 单句语法填空 ①The building company estimated the cost of the new house at $30，000. ②We asked our builder to estimate for the repair of the ceiling. ③The company’s market value is estimated to be (be) worth around $ 369 million. ④According to rough estimation (estimate), the beautiful vase is worth over a million yuan. ⑤Nearly 18 million children under the age of five around the world are estimated to be (be) overweight. (2)consume vt.吃，喝，饮；消耗，耗费(尤指燃料、能量或时间) consume all one’s energies 耗尽某人所有的精力; consume one’s fortune挥霍其财产 They consumed what was left in the fridge. 他们把冰箱里剩下的都吃光了。 The hotel was quickly consumed by the big fire. 这个旅馆很快被大火吞噬了。 【拓展】 consumer n. [C] 消费者；用户，客户 consumption n. [U] 消费（量），消耗（量） time/energy-consuming adj. 耗时的/耗能的 单句语法填空 ①Her speech to party members was not intended for public _________(consume). consumption ②Firms have to be responsive to consumer (consume)demand. ③According to the research, gas and oil consumption (consume) always increases in cold weather. 10.It definitely hit the spot when I tried it, and it has become one of my personal favourites.我一尝，它正对我胃口，盐水鸭已经成了我最钟爱的美食之一。 hit the spot 使人满意，正合需要 【拓展用法】 ①spot n．粉刺；斑点；污渍；地点，场所 on the spot (＝on the scene) 立即；在现场 a tourist spot一个旅游景点 put sb. on the spot(故意提出难以回答或尴尬的问题)使某人难堪 ②spot v．发现；认出；点缀 spot sb.doing...发现某人正在做…… ③spotted adj.有斑点的；有圆点的 be spotted with满是……的斑点；点缀着 【注意】spot作“地点，场所”讲，用作定语从句的先行词时，从句如缺状语则用where引导定语从句，从句如缺主语或宾语则用that/which引导定语从句。 单句语法填空 ①When the thief found the police __________ (spot) him, he ran away quickly. ②She told us the exact spot __________ the accident happened. 1.had spotted2. where ③On the bus,I spotted a man stealing (steal) a wallet from a lady's shoulder bag. ④Unfortunately,the car crashed into a bus on the bridge，and the driver was killed on the spot. ⑤The boy's shirt is spotted with mud, so I guess he must have fallen down. ⑥Moreover，the scenery along the river is amazing，with many well-known tourist (spot). spots 11.In Guangzhou, morning tea is such an essential part of the daily routine that “Have you had your tea？” has become the local version of “Good morning.” 在广东，早茶在日常生活中的地位是如此重要，以至于“饮茶未”(粤语，意为“你吃早茶了吗”)成了当地人问候早安的方式。 essential adj.必不可少的；本质的，基本的；n.必不可少的东西，必需品；要素，本质 ---essentially adv. 本质上，根本上---essence n. 本质，实质 【搭配】 an essential part of ... ……必不可少的一部分 be essential for/to ... 对……是极其重要的 it is essential that ... ……是完全必要的 The essential difference between the two models of smartphones is recognition tech.识别技术是这两款智能手机的本质区别。 Fresh fruits and vegetables are an essential part of a healthy diet.新鲜的水果和蔬菜是健康饮食必不可少的一部分。 单句语法填空 ①The house for rent has all the essentials (essential )like water heater and air conditioners. 这个出租的房子有所有的必需品，如热水器和空调。 ②In essence(essential) , both sides work toward the same goal. 从本质上讲，双方向同一个目标努力。 ③Essentially(essential), the band’s new album is a collection of their greatest hits. 本质上来说，这个乐队的新专辑就是他们最热门歌曲的合集。 ④ It is essential that you should read every document carefully before you sign it. 在签字前认真阅读每个文档是完全必要的。 12.Though teahouses have been common in China since the Tang Dynasty, the Cantonese innovation of the mid­19th century was to serve tea together with a variety of light dishes，or dim sum. 虽说茶馆在中国从唐代开始司空见惯了，但19世纪中叶广东人的创新在于将茶佐以各种小菜或点心。 (1)Though teahouses have been common in China---though引导让步状语从句 (2)innovation n．创造，创新；新思想，新方法--innovate v.革新，创新---innovative adj.革新的，新颖的；富有革新精神的 (3)a variety of 各种各样的 【拓展】 ①vary vi. （根据情况）变化，变更；相异，不同 vt. 变更，改变 vary with/by ... 随……而变化 vary from A to B 从A到B变化 ②various adj. 各种不同的，各种各样的 ③variety n. 不同种类；变化，多样化；变种 (4)the Cantonese innovation of......was to serve tea---to do 做表语 【拓展】动词不定式作表语 不定式作表语，可以说明主语的具体内容，还可以表示目的、结果、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿等，其主语通常为task, aim, purpose, wish, hope, dream, duty, job, plan, choice, intention, decision, problem等名词，或是what引导的名词性从句。不定式作表语时，主语和表语有时可以调换位置，其意思不变。如： A lawyer’s duty is to act in the best interest of his clients. 律师的职责就是代表客户的最大利益行事。 My wish is to write good book for children. 我的愿望是为孩子们写一本好书。 Our task is to build the highway. 我们的任务是修建这条公路 单句语法填空 ①House prices vary with the population in that area. ②The level of collaboration also varies from country to country. ③Constant innovation (innovate), combined with good marketing, will promote the sales of these products. ④We must encourage innovation (innovate) if the company is to remain competitive. ⑤The invention of the Internet is to change (change) the way we communicate with each other. 13.The concept took off, and today Guangzhou’s restaurants stimulate customers’ appetite with over a thousand offerings, each more delicate and delicious than the last. 这种观念时兴起来，如今广州的餐厅用一千多道点心刺激着食客的食欲，一道比一道精致、可口。 (1)concept n．概念，观念 (2)take off(产品、活动、事业等)腾飞，突然成功 【含off的短语】turn off 关闭 put off 推迟 cut off 切断，中断，隔绝 pay off 成功，奏效，达到目的 get off 下车 go off 突然爆炸，发出巨响；离开 set off 激起，引起；出发，启程 keep off 远离，使…不踏入 show off 炫耀，卖弄 sell off 廉价出售 lay off 解雇 write off 勾销、减税 rip off 偷窃 (3)stimulate vt.促进，激发；刺激，使兴奋---stimulation n. 激励；兴奋(作用) ---stimulating adj. 趣味盎然的；激励人的，振奋人心的 【拓展】 stimulate sb to do sth　促使某人做某事，激发某人做某事 (4)appetite n．食欲，胃口；强烈欲望 【拓展短语】 ①have a good/bad appetite 胃口好/坏 ②develop an appetite for ... 提起胃口 ③lose one’s appetite =have no appetite 没胃口 ④spoil/ruin one’s appetite 破坏食欲 ⑤have an appetite for sth. 爱好某物，对某物有欲望 He suffered from headaches and loss of appetite. 他患有头痛和食欲不振。 The walk gave me a good appetite. 散步使我胃口大开。 Don't spoil your appetite by eating between meals. 不要在两餐之间吃东西，以免影响胃口。 (5)delicate adj.精致的，精细的，精密的；易损的，易碎的，脆弱的---delicately adv.微妙地；精致地 --delicateness n.精美 (6) each more delicate and delicious than the last----独立主格结构 两部分组成：名词/代词+adj./adv./prep./非谓语(to do/doing/done)，相当于状语从句或者并列结构，有三个特点：①独立主格结构和主句之间一般用逗号隔开；②独立主格结构中的两部分可以构成主谓关系；③主句的主语和独立主格结构的逻辑主语不一致。 A wave of terror sweeping over him, he stood rooted to the ground.一阵恐惧席卷了他，他呆若木鸡地站着。 All the lights on, I wasn’t getting any sleep.所有的灯都开着，我根本没睡着。 A stick in his hand, he protected the girl against the attack.他手里拿着一根棍子保护那个女孩免受攻击。 单句语法填空 ①Interesting English literature works can stimulate students to do (do) more reading after class. ②With the stimulation (stimulate) of consumer markets，the industry body expects gold demand to further revive this year. ③Universities have been asked to make their courses more attractive and stimulating (stimulate). ④He has an appetite for reading. ⑤My brother watching (watch)cartoon in my room, I have no option but to study in the living room. 14.The Cantonese do not hurry over their breakfast, as I found when I visited a restaurant in Guangzhou’s old city centre this morning. 广东人用早餐并不匆忙，正如今天早晨我在广东老城区中心的一家餐厅所见的那样， as引导的非限制性定语从句 ----句中as引导非限制性定语从句，指代The Cantonese do not hurry over their breakfasts这句话，在从句中充当宾语。 【拓展】非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明的作用，去掉后，主句意思依然完整；先行词与定语从句往往用逗号隔开；常用的引导词有：which、who、whom、whose、as、when、where等。有时可以用“介词+which/whom”引导非限制性定语从句。that和why不可以引导非限制定语从句。在非限制性定语从句中，引导词不可以省略，which也不可以用that替代。如： A wonderful speech was delivered by a well-informed professor, from which I got a thorough understanding of the history of Nanjing. 一位学识渊博的教授做了一场精彩的演讲，让我对南京的历史有了深入的了解。 【注意】关系代词which和as都可以引导非限制性定语从句，但有两个主要的区别：which只能置于主句后，as的位置比较灵活，可以位于主句前、主句中和主句后。as有“正如”的含义，which没有。如： As we had expected, Tom scored the two crucial goals in the final.正如我们所料，汤姆在决赛中进了两个关键的球。 He took the job seriously, which set us a good example.他对待工作认真负责，给我们树立了好榜样 单句语法填空 ①The air quality in the city, ________ is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months. 【答案】as 句意：如报告所示，该市的空气质量在过去两月中有所改善。关系词代指整个主句，在定语从句中作主语，且意为“正如”。 ②Growing global export demand is boosting South African manufacturing output, ________ accounts for a large part of the economy. 【答案】which 句意：不断增长的全球出口需求正在推动南非制造业的产出，而南非制造业在经济中占很大一部分。 ③________ is known to all, hard work leads to success. 【答案】As 句意：众所周知，艰苦的劳动才能走向成功。指代后文，并且有“正如”含义 ④“A Brief History of Time”, ________ is a best-selling book, is written by Stephen Hawking. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：斯蒂芬·霍金写的《时间简史》是一本畅销书。 ⑤ ________ we all know, swimming is of great benefit to our health. 【答案】As 句意：正如我们所知，游泳对我们的健康大有好处。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，对后面的句子进行补充说明，从句中缺少宾语，结合“we all know”可知，此处表示“正如我们所知” ⑥Put this item of furniture in an unimportant position in the house, ________ it won’t get in the way. 【答案】where ⑦This creature lives in the depths of the ocean, ________ it is safe. 【答案】where 句意：这种生物生活在海洋深处，在那里它是安全的。 ⑧In China there is the Mid-Autumn Festival, ________ people admire the moon apart from enjoying mooncakes. 【答案】when 句意：在中国有中秋节，这一天人们除了吃月饼之外还会赏月 ⑨A major breakthrough in AI came in 1997, ________ Deep Blue, a chess-playing computers, beat the world chess champion Garry Kasparov. 【答案】when 句意：人工智能的一个重大突破出现在1997年，当时国际象棋计算机深蓝击败了国际象棋世界冠军加里·卡斯帕罗夫。 15.The emphasis is rather on conversation about business, family or pleasure, and locals can spend hours together chatting, drinking tea and working their way through the menu. 重点是谈生意，话家常、说乐子。当地人可以花上几个小时一起谈天，饮茶，慢慢吃遍菜单上所有的点心 emphasis n．(pl. emphases) 强调，重视；重读 【拓展】 ①put/lay/place emphasis on sth　　　　 强调/重视某事 ②emphasize vt. 强调，重视；重读，加强……的语气 emphasize the importance of 强调……的重要性 单句语法填空 ①The new policy will also force schools to put emphasis on teaching basic subjects. ②The important role in prevention and safety education must be emphasized (emphasize). ③We provide all types of courses, with an emphasis on the speaking course. 16. Fill the dumpling wrappers with the mixture.(P13) mixture n．混合物；混合，结合 【拓展】 ①mix...with......把……与……混合 mix up 混淆，弄混 ②mixed adj.混杂的；混合的 单句语法填空 (1)The explosive (mix)in a rocket consists of both fuel and oxygen. 火箭中的爆炸性混合物包括燃料和氧气。 (2)The team is now a good (mix) of experience and youth. 这支队伍现在是经验与年轻的一个良好结合体。 (3)Please do not mix two things：your job and your life. 请不要混淆两件事：你的工作和你的生活。 (4)With (mix) feelings on mind，she doesn’t know what to do next. 她百感交集，不知道下一步该怎么办。 【答案】1.mixture 2.mixture3.up 4.mixed 17. Don’t overfill the dumplings，or they will fall apart when you boil them. 不要把饺子包得太满，否则煮的时候它们会散开。(P13) fall apart 破碎，破裂；崩溃 【拓展】apart的其他相关短语： ①take sth. apart 将……拆开，拆分 ②tell sb./sth. apart 分辨出……，把……区分开来 ③set sb./sth. apart 使……突出；与众不同 ④apart from ... 除……外（别无他物）；除……外（尚有） We had to take the table apart and reassemble it upstairs. 我们只好先把桌子拆开，到楼上再组装起来。 Free range and battery eggs, boiled for four minutes, were hard to tell apart. 柴鸡蛋和笼养鸡蛋在煮过4分钟之后很难区分。 I've finished all the questions apart from/except the last one. 除了最后一道题，我全做完了。 Apart from/Besides their house in London, they also have a villa in Spain.他们在伦敦有一座房子，此外在西班牙还有一座别墅。 翻译句子 (1)Some people do well despite the pressure while others under pressure. 一些人尽管有压力却做得很好，而其他人在压力下崩溃了。 (2)He had a deep voice, which from others in our small town. 他有一副低沉的嗓音，这使他在我们这个小镇上与众不同。 (3)Rod loves .However，he never manages to put them together again. 罗德喜欢拆钟。然而，他再也没能把它们拼在一起。 (4)You can my twin brother and me by this mark on my face. 你可以从我脸上的这个记号分辨出我和我的双胞胎弟弟。 【答案】1.fall apart2.set him apart3.taking clocks apart4.tell; apart 阅读理解 “Demographics are our fate”, which suggests much of the future is determined by the very simple trend lines of populations. Of course, demographics can’t spot pandemics or other crises. But as shocking as they feel at the moment, such events are rare. One aspect of the future that demographics can’t help predict are technological discoveries. But even technological discoveries have a slower impact on the daily life than we sometimes perceive. Peter Thiel famously said in 2013, “We wanted flying cars. Instead, we got nothing but 140 characters.” So what comes next? If you woke up 20 years from now in 2042, what would be different? Here are some ideas based on numbers that don’t require a crystal ball. About 70 percent of the world population is expected to live in urban areas by 2050, according to data from the United Nations. That means most cities are going to need more improvements. Roads, public transportation and waste management will need large-scale expansion and upgrades. The average person produces 4.9 pounds of waste a day, up from 3.66 pounds in 1980. But here’s a trend going in the other direction as a result of technology: Paper and paperboard declined from 87.7 million tons in 2000 to 67.4 million tons in 2018, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. And we’ll be older. In the United States, we’re likely to live until 82.4 years old, compared with 79.1 years old today, the United Nations predicts. That’s a good thing for health care companies and others that satisfy the needs of older people. But living three extra years is going to be more expensive, which will have an influence on both working and saving. Businesspersons, industry leaders and policymakers are already at work solving some of the problems that demographic data suggest are ahead of us. They are trying to figure out how to inspire farmers to sequester carbon and use green machines to reduce the energy consumption. What about the metaverse? Or robots taking our jobs? Or AI taking over everything? Demographics can’t answer those questions. All of those things may happen, but life in 2042 may also look a lot like it does today maybe with the exception of those flying cars. 9. How does the author understand “Demographics are our fate.” in Paragraph 1? A. The trend lines of populations can decide the future of the world. B. Demographics can’t determine all the things in the future. C. Demographics can help recognize pandemics or other rises in the future. D. Demographics can decide how quickly we make new technological discoveries. 10. In 2042, which of the following is least likely to happen according to the prediction? A. Much more paper will be produced. B. The environment will be polluted seriously. C. People will produce much more waste than before. D. Urban areas are going to need more improvements. 11. The underlined word “sequester” in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by ________. A. increase B. avoid C. generate D. encounter 12.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Are flying cars popular in 20years? B. What is the fate of the car industry? C. What will the world be like in 20 years? D. What effect do the Demographics have? 【答案】9. A 10. A 11. B 12. C 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要对20年后的世界进行了一系列的预测，预测了环境和人的寿命变化。 完形填空 What was the best moment I’ve ever had in a class? I’ve had many great moments, but perhaps the best moment ___21___ in my English class about a month ago. I had a 15-minute presentation, and I felt pretty confident. Thirty minutes before my presentation, I decided to use a(n) ___22___ for my presentation. I felt even more confident that I would ___23___ the audience. When my presentation ___24___, I gave a signal to my actor that ___25___ me to drop my eight notecards all over the floor. I quickly grabbed all the notecards off the floor. I became ___26___, listening to the laughter of the audience as I tried to rearrange the cards. My anxiety levels rose, and the ___27___ cards just added stress. At that moment, I decided to place the cards down and suddenly I felt a great sense of relief. My words, my explanations and my connections all flowed out of my ___28___, and I felt more natural and free as I presented my topic. My presentation was about a character with schizophrenia (精神分裂症). I explained the symptoms and ___29___ to understand the condition. The ____30____ of my hands along with my visual aids (直观教具) kept the audience entertained. I felt like a(n) ____31____ different person. By the end of the presentation, I was covered with sweat. I realized that the key to presenting to people was not just getting their ____32____ by visual aids. You need to let your heart pour out so that you can ____33____ their hearts and minds. You can’t just be the center of attention; you need to give the audience attention, and talk to them. First and foremost, you can’t present without ____34____. Anything you present should be built off of passion. ____35____ you can be passionate and find a connection between yourself and the topic, you will keep the audience entertained. 21. A. broke out B. built up C. took place D. dug up 22. A. idea B. notecard C. device D. actor 23. A. entertain B. instruct C. appreciate D. guide 24. A. started B. paused C. ended D. continued 25. A. stimulated B. led C. advised D. helped 26. A. relieved B. relaxed C. embarrassed D. frozen 27. A. disappeared B. damaged C. destroyed D. disorganized 28. A. mouth B. tongue C. body D. heart 29. A. what B. when C. whether D. how 30. A. movement B. arrangement C. agreement D. experiment 31. A. essentially B. consequently C. completely D. mostly 32. A. answer B. attention C. solution D. secret 33. A. realize B. warm C. reach D. soften 34. A. words B. emotions C. aids D. smiles 35. A. Now that B. As far as C. In case D. As long as 【答案】 21. C 22. D 23. A 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. D 【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己在英语课上演讲的经历，说明向人们展示的关键不只是通过视觉辅助来吸引他们的注意力，关键是要倾吐心声，用激情打动观众。 综合填空一 With the rise in COVID -19 cases, this year’s May Day holiday didn’t offer the usual opportunities for travel that it generally would. However, some of my favorite spots remained open. I ___36___ (take) the chance to visit one of them, Beihai Park. And I was able to explore it in ___37___ (great) detail and restudy it from a fresher point of view. Actually, I had visited Beihai Park many times in all seasons. This time, rather than heading straight to ___38___ (it) most popular site, the White Pagoda, I explored some of the temples and places to its south. ___39___ the mass of crowds constantly forcing me forward, I felt much less pressure to move from place to place. I was able to take my time and focus more on the ___40___ (unbelievable) complex details of these buildings, in particular the mythical creatures on the corners of the ___41___ (roof ). The size and amount of these creatures played multiple role for buildings in the past, both ___42___ (represent) its significance -- the greater the number of creatures, the more important it was. ___43___ these creations follow a general style, the colors and designs on display have a unique flavor. The park has amazing feature and pieces of culture and history ___44___ are not obvious at first sight. By making the most of the current situation, I’ve been able to have ___45___ better understanding of it and realize that I still know so little about it. 【答案】 36. took 37. greater 38. its 39. Without 40. unbelievably 41. roofs 42. representing 43. Although##Though##While 44. that##which 45. a 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是因为新冠疫情的原因，作者不能外出度假。但是仍然还有一些场所是开门的。在今年的五一假期期间，作者再一次参观了北海公园。 综合填空二 Creating arts in the tea cup You may have seen milk foam (泡沫) poured into a coffee, on which a beautiful pattern appears. But have you seen the art in a cup of tea? Dian cha is a tea art from the Song Dynasty. ____36____ art begins with pouring water over fine powdered tea, creating a paste and then adding more hot water, ____37____ ( constant ) whisking (搅拌) it by hand with a bamboo whisk. “ It’s like adding bells and whistles to tea and creating a special atmosphere for tea drinking, ” said 40-year-old Han Zheming, a designer ____38____ has been fascinated by dian cha since childhood. Creating patterns on the tea foam is cautious but quick work. Usually, the whole process has to be completed within 10 minutes. The ideal state is ____39____ the tea’s temperature is around 40℃ and ready for drinking. It was through trial and error ____40____ Han understood the art of dian cha. “ Usually, it ____41____ ( take ) a year of practice for one to be able to do it, ” Han added. ____42____ ( spread ) dian cha culture, Han put the process of tea-whisking and drawing on ____43____ ( society ) media platforms. Speaking about his understanding of this tea art, Han said the art is “ to increase the beauty ” rather than change the nature of tea. “ As well as poems, calligraphy and paintings that ____44____ ( create ) back then, I want more people to understand the tools ____45____ ( use ) by people to drink tea, and the reasons behind the ways they prepared tea, ” he explained. 【答案】 36. The 37. constantly 38. who##that 39. when 40. that 41. takes 42. To spread 43. social 44. were created 45. used 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍在茶汤上拉花作画的艺术。 七选五 With the rapid development of technology, people’s pace of life has sped up. But not everyone enjoys the fast pace of life. Often, the more tightly people schedule their tasks, the more likely they are to lose their original direction and fail to see the real meaning of life. ____16____ First of all, the fast pace of life makes a person feel too tired to stay sharp. Once they have just completed a task, another task is waiting and this wears them out.____17____By contrast, a slow pace of life allows people to have leisure (休闲的)time to relax and prepare for the next task. ____18____ To keep up with the competition, one has to meet deadlines and race against time. In this way,he will be in low spirits. But living a slow life allows people to find the beauty of life. So we should advocate a healthy slow pace of life. However, some people think that living a fast life improves work efficiency.They think that keeping a slow pace is just an excuse for lazy people not to work,and encourages procrastination (拖延). ____19____ What slow life advocates is to slow down the pace of life, so that people can have time to think and relax rather than procrastinate. What’s more, we will better understand the meaning of life and face challenges positively. ____20____Read a book and drink a cup of tea on a leisurely afternoon, for example. So please give yourself a little more time to stop and smell the roses fro m no w on. Let’s be positive about life, love life, and embrace life! A. So procrastination can’t be avoided. B. After all, there is a limit to humans’ ability. C. From m y point of vie w, this statement is one-sided. D. Next, the fast pace of life brings great pressure to people. E. Finally, the slow pace of life offers people more free time. F. Imagine how pleasant it would be to enjoy a nice slow life. G. In my opinion, we should calm down and slow our life down 【答案】16. G 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. F 读后续写：阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The easy way out isn't always easiest. I learned that lesson when I decided to treat my father to a special meal. I glanced through the cookbook and chose a menu which included homemade bread. Knowing the bread would take time, I started on it as soon as he left for work.    As I was not experienced in cooking, I thought if a dozen was good, two dozen would be better, so I doubled everything. As Dad loved oranges, I also opened a can of orange and poured it all into the bowl. Soon there was sticky dough (面团) covered with ugly yellowish marks. Realizing I had been defeated, I put the dough in the rubbish bin outside so I wouldn't have to face him laughing at my work. I went on preparing the rest of the meal, and, when Dad got home, we sat down to Cornish chicken with rice. He tried to enjoy the meal but seemed disturbed. Twice he got up and went outside, saying he thought he heard a noise. The third time he left, I went to the windows to see what he was doing.    Looking out, I saw Dad standing about three feet from the rubbish bin, holding the lid up with a stick and looking into the container. When I came out of the house, he dropped the stick and explained that there was something alive in the rubbish bin. Picking up the stick again, he held the lid up enough for me to see. I felt cold. But I stepped closer and looked harder.    Without doubt it was my work. The hot sun had caused the dough to double in size and the. fermenting yeast (酵母) made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing. I had to admit what the "living thing" was and why it was there. I don't know who was more embarrassed by the whole thing, Dad or me. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My dad tapped me gently on the shoulder, and we went inside. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ . ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ At a party three months later, everyone wanted to try my bread. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________ . My dad tapped me gently on the shoulder, and we went inside. Sitting back to our Cornish chicken, Dad, smilingly, updated me on recent events at his work without a mere mention   of the crazy dough wildly dancing outside, which served wonderfully as a gentle embarrassment reliever. However, while doing the dishes after dinner, Dad said to me with firmness in his voice, "You don't have to be an expert to make bread, but you do have to do your research before taking actions. There is no such thing as an easy way out." And that was the starting point of my journey with making the perfect bread. At a party three months later, everyone wanted to try my bread. The rest of the night slipped away, filled with inquiries about my secret recipe. Yet, hardly was there a different answer other than, "Beauty comes from balance and patience." To be frank, that was exactly what I'd learnt during my numerous experiments. An amazing loaf of bread required suitable balance of ingredients to mix as well as enormous patience of waiting for the dough to rise. Countless were my failures to make tasty bread, every single moment of it was cherished. Along the journey, I've developed from the man whose dough sighs in a dustbin to the man whose bread makes your taste but dance. 本文讲述作者首次尝试制作面包失败后，因未充分准备导致面团发酵失控，最终在父亲的教导下明白“做事需充分研究，没有捷径”的道理，并通过持续实践最终成功的故事。 第一段需承接前文“父亲发现垃圾桶里的活物”的紧张场景，通过描写父亲可以回避尴尬话题体现其教育智慧；关键要有父亲的教导。 第二段需与前端形成时间对比，用派对场景证明主人公的成长 第2页 | 共4页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $