专题07 阅读单选（说明文）（吉林专用）七年级英语上学期期末真题汇编

**基本信息** 七年级英语期末说明文阅读汇编，涵盖人与自然（种植养殖、环境保护）、人与社会（社会生活、文化差异）、人与自我（校园学习、日常习惯）三大主题，17篇短文均选自吉林长春、松原等地期末真题，素材贴近学生生活，考查语言理解与思维分析能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|约85题（每篇5题）|细节理解（如“苹果种子位置”）、词义猜测（如“fantastic”释义）、主旨大意（最佳标题）、篇章结构（段落关系分析）|情境真实（如吉林“雪假”、英国学生作息），注重思维层次（从事实查找至结构推断），融入文化意识（不同地区节日食物、日常作息差异）|

专题07 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自然—— 种植与养殖 Passage1 （25-26七年级上·吉林长春·期末） ①We can see many interesting plants around us. Do you want to learn more things about them? Let’s get to know some of them. ②Apple trees are plants with green leaves and juicy fruit. There are some seeds (种子) in the fruit. Apples are delicious and are good for our health. Do you know “One apple a day keeps the doctor away.”? We can also use apples to make apple juice. ③Tomatoes usually have bright red fruits. They are good for us and we can make them into delicious salad, sauce and soup. ④Carrots are orange root (根) vegetables. They have good taste and we can eat them in many ways. ⑤Plants are important to us because some of them are our food and they make the world beautiful.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What are in the fruit of apples? A．Leaves. B．Roots. C．Plants. D．Seeds. 2．What can we use an apple to make? A．Tomato salad. B．Apple juice. C．Carrot soup. D．Tomato sauce. 3．What is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1       ②=Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Apples are not good for health. B．Tomatoes usually have bright red fruits. C．Carrots are often used as gifts. D．Plants are our food. 5．Which can be the best title (标题) of this passage? A．Food on Farms. B．Some Plants around Us. C．Apple Trees. D．Beautiful Land. Passage2 （25-26七年级上·吉林长春·期末） ①Do you know bamboo (竹子)? It’s always green in a year and it is everywhere in Bali. There are 1,450 kinds of bamboo around the world, but we only use seven kinds of them to make things. We can use bamboo to make things like beds, desks and chairs. ②My father uses bamboo to build Green School in Bali. In Green School, all of the rooms are made of bamboo. There are a lot of bamboo things in the classrooms. Every classroom has a bamboo blackboard, some bamboo desks and bamboo chairs. ③But every classroom has no windows, doors or walls. It only has a bamboo roof and you can see it when you look up in the classroom. ④Green School is very nice. Its students are from 40 countries. They have maths, English, art and music classes. In their free time, all students grow fruit and vegetables around the school. And they also keep pigs, sheep, chickens and ducks. A lot of food comes from their hands. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．How many kinds of bamboo can we use to make things? A．7. B．14. C．40. D．1,450. 2．What do the classrooms in Green School have? A．Bamboo windows. B．Bamboo doors. C．Bamboo blackboards. D．Bamboo bookshelves. 3．What does the underlined word “roof” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．The back of the classroom. B．The front of the classroom. C．The top of the classroom. D．The middle of the classroom. 4．What’s the best structure of this passage (这篇文章的最佳结构是什么)? A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Bamboo Forests B．School Things C．Green Things D．Green School Passage3 （25-26七年级上·吉林长春·期末）①Food is an important part of Lunar New Year. Every country has its holiday foods. Here are some of them. ②Oranges are popular at Lunar New Year in China. Because they are round in shape (形状) and golden in colour. People often give oranges as gifts. People think the fruit is a symbol of good luck and wealth (财富) in the coming year. ③In one country, some people celebrate Lunar New Year with a bowl of noodles. The noodles are long. They mean a long life. People try to eat the noodles in one piece. They do not bite (咬) the noodles！ ④Dumplings are popular in many Asian countries, like China. Usually, all the family help make them. It is a happy way to spend time with family! ⑤In another country, people eat rice cake soup. The rice cakes look like coins (硬币). For some families, rice cakes mean wealth (财富). 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．Why do Chinese like to give oranges as gifts at Lunar New Year? A．Because of their history and color. B．Because of their taste and shape. C．Because of their history and shape. D．Because of their color and shape. 2．What do long noodles mean according to (根据) the passage? A．Great happiness. B．A long life. C．Good luck. D．A lot of money. 3．What does the underlined word“them” refer to (指代)? A．Oranges. B．Noodles. C．Dumplings. D．Rice cakes. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．It is about how to cook different New Year foods. B．It is about different foods for Lunar New Year. C．It is about why Lunar New Year is important to people. D．It is about how to celebrate New Year with family. 5．What's the structure (结构) of this passage? A． B． C． D． 主题02 人与社会——社会生活 Passage1 （24-25七年级下·吉林长春·期中）Different weather makes people feel different. It has an influence (影响) on people’s health, intelligence (智力) and feelings. In August, it is always hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems during this month. In the Northeast and the Middle West, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times. The weather can also influence intelligence. For example, the IQ (智商) of students was very high when a very strong wind came, and it can help people have higher intelligence. Very hot weather makes students in many schools of the United States often get bad grades in exams in July and August. Weather also has a strong influence on people’s feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold during these months. They might feel unhappy during cold weather. But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. At about 18℃, people feel well. Are you feeling good, tired, or unhappy today? It may be the weather’s problem. 1．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to (指的是)? A．Health. B．Wind. C．IQ. D．Weather. 2．Why do students in the United States usually get bad grades in exams in July and August? A．Because they have high IQ. B．Because the weather is very hot. C．Because a very strong wind comes. D．Because they do well in their studies. 3．Which of the following is NOT true? A．People have higher intelligence with the help of the wind. B．Thin people might feel cold and unhappy during winter. C．The weather may make us have different feelings. D．The weather in the northern part of the United States is always hot and wet in August. 4．Which shows the structure of the passage? （①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2…） A．B．C． D． 5．What's the best title of the passage? A．Different kinds of Weather. B．IQ and Weather. C．Exams in the Hot Months. D．Weather and Its Influences on People. Passage2 （25-26七年级上·吉林长春·期末） ①Do you like snow? In Jilin, winter is very cold and there is lots of snow and ice. It is exciting that students there have a new holiday—the “snow holiday”! ②This holiday is for all students in elementary (小学) and middle schools. When there is heavy snow, students can stay at home. But this holiday is special. The holiday gives students time to enjoy winter fun outside! ③The holiday is from December 3rd to December 7th. During the snow holiday, students can go outside and play in the snow. They can build snowmen, go skiing, or have fun with their families. It’s a great time to feel the joy (乐趣) of winter. ④Students can also go to Changchun Ice and Snow World, a big and beautiful park made of ice and snow. They can see amazing ice buildings, slide down ice slides (冰滑梯), and play happily there. At night, the ice lights up in many colors, making it a fantastic place to go to. ⑤People think this new rule is wonderful. It helps students enjoy snow activities and build up their bodies at the same time. For students in Jilin, the snow holiday can be a happy time for winter fun now! 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．Why is the snow holiday special? A．Because it keeps students staying inside all day. B．Because it makes students study at home. C．Because it gives students time to enjoy winter fun outside. D．Because students can go to the south of China. 2．How many days does the snow holiday last (持续) ? A．5. B．6. C．7. D．8. 3．What does the underlined word “fantastic” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Different. B．Great. C．Boring. D．Handsome. 4．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 5．What is probably the best title (题目) for this passage? A．A Cold Winter in Jilin B．How to Spend Winter in Jilin C．Play in Changchun Ice and Snow World D．Snow Holiday for Students in Jilin Passage3 （25-26七年级上·吉林长春·期末） Some children become friends with their teachers, while others become friends with their bus drivers. Samuel Monteiro is a bus driver. Every school day, he takes many children to travel to and from school on his bus. Along the way he gets to know their names and talks with them. One morning, Samuel greets the children when they get on the bus. The children don’t just say “Good morning” as usual. They give Samuel small gifts— beautiful yellow flowers. Samuel is so happy. He puts them on the dashboard (仪表板). Samuel loves the children. He wants more people to see the sweet friendship between him and the children. He starts making videos (视频) and posts them on the Internet. In the videos, people can see how their special friendship grows. From greeting the children in the morning to talking with them and even singing songs with them, Samuel shares sweet moments with the children every day. Then, the children often give small gifts to Samuel. Every time he sees these gifts, he feels very happy. Samuel knows he is not only their bus driver, but also a true friend. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What does Samuel do every school day? A．He teaches children at school. B．He makes friends with teachers. C．He cleans his bus in the park. D．He gets children to and from school. 2．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to (指代)? A．Children. B．The bus. C．Yellow flowers. D．The driver. 3．Why does Samuel make videos and post them on the Internet? A．To tell others he can sing songs with children. B．To let more people see his friendship with the children. C．To ask more children to take his bus. D．To show how good his bus is. 4．How does Samuel feel when he sees small gifts from children? A．Happy. B．Excited. C．Surprised. D．Sad. 5．Which of the following is RIGHT? A．Samuel takes children to school from Monday to Sunday. B．Samuel greets the children when they get off the bus. C．In Samuel’s videos, people can see how their friendship grows. D．Samuel often gives small gifts to the children. 主题03 人与自我——校园学习 Passage1 （25-26七年级上·吉林松原·期末）History, geography and biology are new subjects in the first year of middle school. Each of them opens up a new world for us. All of this helps us know life better. History is like a guide (导游) for time travel. We learn about things in the past. For example, we can know the stories of great people. It lets us know where we come from and how our world has changed. Geography shows us the world. We learn about different places on earth. We study mountains, rivers and oceans (海洋). We also learn about different countries, cities and languages. It lets us know more about where we live. Biology is full of fun. We learn about plants and animals. For example, we learn how plants grow and how animals live. We study our own bodies too. We learn how our eyes help us see and how our legs help us walk. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．What subjects does the passage talk about? A．History, English and Chinese. B．History, geography and biology. C．Music, geography and PE. D．Science, biology and English. 2．What is history like according to the passage? A．A storybook. B．A time-travel guide. C．A map. D．A picture. 3．What can we learn in geography according to the passage? ① Different histories.        ② Different countries. ③ Languages.        ④ Mountains, rivers and oceans. A．②③④ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．①②③ 4．How does the writer develop (开展) Paragraph 4? A．By giving examples. B．By listing numbers. C．By asking questions. D．By showing pictures. 5．What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1…) A． B． C． D． Passage2 （25-26七年级上·吉林·期末）①Hello, everyone. I’m Max. Let me tell you about my school. ②My school is new and nice. There are six buildings and a playground in the school. The playground is in the middle of the school. There are twenty classrooms in the classroom building. The sports hall is behind the classroom building. The school offices are in the office building. It’s behind the sports hall. The library is on the left of the office building. There are many absorbing books in the library. I like reading books with my friends there. The science building is on the left of it. There are eight labs (实验室) in it. In front of the science building is the dining hall. In the dining hall, there are a lot of tables and chairs. There is a television too. ③Welcome to our school. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．The __________ is behind the classroom building. A．sports hall B．playground C．dining hall D．science building 2．There are __________ labs in the science building. A．six B．eight C．twelve D．twenty 3．The underlined word “absorbing” means “__________” in English. A．useful B．interesting C．boring D．difficult 4．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．The passage is about __________. A．Max’s family B．Max’s hobbies C．Max’s school D．Max’s books Passage3 （25-26七年级上·吉林松原·期末）①I work for my school’s radio station. This term, my school wants to start four new clubs. For that, Mrs. Brown asks me to make a survey (调查). I do the survey in our school. ②Forty of them are interested in the Street Dance Club. They want to learn street dance because they think it is very cool. ③Twenty students want to join the Yoga Club. Most of them are girls. They all think yoga is a relaxing sport. ④Fifteen students have a camera, but they don’t know how to take great photos. They think the Photo Club can help. ⑤Twenty-five students want to join the Gardening Club. They say it can be a lot of fun for students. They want to learn how to care for plants and grow their food. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．How many students want to learn street dance? A．40. B．30. C．20. D．10. 2．Why do fifteen students want to join the Photo Club? A．Because they have new cameras. B．Because they want to play photo games. C．Because they want to take great photos. D．Because they want to make new friends. 3．If (如果) Jennifer wants to plant some vegetables, which club may she be interested in? A．The Street Dance Club. B．The Yoga Club. C．The Photo Club. D．The Gardening Club. 4．What is the text mainly (主要地) about? A．Students’ after-school activities. B．How to find an interesting club. C．How to start some new clubs. D．A survey about new clubs. 5．What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 主题01 人与自我—— 学习 Passage1 （24-25七年级上·吉林辽源·期末） ①Do you have a tidy desk or an untidy desk at home? Do you want to keep your desk clean and tidy for a long time? A tidy desk helps you find things easily and do things well. It is also helpful for your study. Doing these can help you with it. ②First, only put things you need on your desk. For old books, you can put them in the bookcase. Get a box for small things you don’t need. You can put your pens and pencils in a pencil box. ③Second, don’t put food or drinks on your desk, because they can make your desk dirty (脏的). Go to the kitchen (厨房) when you want to eat. ④Third, put important things next to you. Then it is easy for you to get them. If you have a drawer (抽屉) under your desk, you can put things there every day. ⑤Fourth, clean your desk every day. If you do it every day, you can have a new day with a tidy desk the next morning. ⑥If you do the things, you can have a tidy and clean desk. Why not have a try now? 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．How many tips (建议) can we get from the passage (文章)? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．Why don’t we put food or drinks on our desk? Because they can ________. A．make the desk dirty B．be bad for our health C．be bad for our study D．make the kitchen dirty 3．What does “it” refer to in Paragraph 5? A．Get a box. B．Have a drawer. C．Clean your desk. D．Put your food on the desk. 4．Which is the structure (结构) of the text? (①=Paragraph 1,…) A．B．C． D． 5．Who is the passage written for (写给)? A．farmers B．students C．teachers D．workers Passage2 （24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末）①There are too many differences between Chinese students and British students. Let me tell you the students’ life in the UK. ②Get up at 6:30 a.m. and then go to school by bus at a quarter past seven. ③Class starts at 9:00 a.m. and finishes at 3:30 p.m. The students in the UK have many classes every day like math, geography, history, art, PE and so on. ④There is a little homework after school. But after doing that, they should do many other things. Students have a lot of after-school activities, such as swimming, basketball and soccer. In China, many students do after-school activities from Monday to Friday. But British students do them for two hours a day on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. ⑤All in all, students in the UK might have more time to do their own things, but they are hard-working too. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．How do British students go to school? A．By car. B．By bus. C．On foot. D．Ride a bike. 2．According to the passage, what are the after-school activities for British students? a. Soccer.        b. Basketball.         c. Swimming.        d. Golf.        e. Music. A．a, b, c. B．a, c, d. C．b, c, e. D．c, d, e. 3．How many hours of after-school things do British students do a week? A．Two hours. B．Four hours. C．Six hours. D．Eight hours. 4．What do the underlined words “such as” mean in Chinese? A．证明 B．活动 C．假设 D．例如 5．What is the structure (结构) of the passage? (① =Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2...) A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①/②/③④⑤ C．①/②③④⑤ D．①②/③④⑤ 主题02 人与自然—— 环境保护 Passage1 （23-24七年级上·吉林白城·期末）The Earth is a beautiful place. There are seas and oceans. But there is a lot of pollution. People put rubbish into the sea and under the ground. This pollutes the Earth, and lots of animals and plants die. What can we do to protect the Earth? Let’s listen to our Mother Earth. If you love me, please save the resources (资源). Start with the little things around you: turn off the light and the tap when you do not use them. If you love me, please protect the environment (环境). Everything on this land is so beautiful. Protect the blue sky and stop polluting the air. Don’t burn the wood to make energy. Don’t throw rubbish into the river. If you love me, please recycle things. Reuse materials and reduce waste. Use both sides of a sheet of paper. Repair broken items so that they can be used again. If you love me, please live a “low carbon life (低碳生活)”. Choose low carbon transportation, such as buses, bikes or trains. This also gives you a chance to get close to nature. If you love me, make Earth Day every day, not only today! Love me as you love yourself. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why lots of animals and plants die? A．Because people pollute the Earth. B．Because they can not find food. C．Because there is no water for them. D．Because there is no forest on the Earth. 2．How can we live a “low carbon life”? A．By travelling by car. B．By living near school. C．By going to school by bus. D．By putting rubbish under the ground. 3．When might the writer write this article? A．On Earth Day. B．On Teachers’ Day. C．On Children’s Day. D．On National Day. 4．What does this article tell us? A．We should travel around the Earth. B．We should love our mother and family. C．We should protect the Earth. D．We should listen to our mother’s words. Passage2 （25-26七年级上·吉林长春·期末）①Trees do a lot for us, our environment and animals. They are important to us. ②Trees help to keep the air clean and make us healthy. They take in dirty air and give clean air to us. Go for a walk in the park in the morning, and you can feel how nice it is to be with many trees and clean air. ③Trees also give us many kinds of beautiful flowers and delicious fruits, such as apples and oranges. Trees give homes to different insects, birds and other animals. Even the sap (汁液) of trees is useful as food for insects. ④However, we might hurt (伤害) trees. ________ And we sometimes clear the forests (清除森林) to build houses, shops and so on. Many animals lose (失去) their homes because of this. ⑤It is time for us to stop hurting our great friends—trees. Please do not use much paper and we can plant trees. Everyone can do something for our dear friends! 根据短文内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why are trees important? A．They keep air clean. B．They give flowers homes. C．People get insects from them. D．People can eat apples under them. 2．Which of the following is the best for “________”? A．There are many trees around us. B．We grow together with trees. C．Trees are usually very tall. D．We cut down trees to make paper, desks and chairs. 3．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Making paper. B．Clearing the forest. C．Making desks and chairs. D．Building houses and shops. 4．What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．The writer writes the passage to ________. A．tell us not to hurt trees B．teach us how to make use of trees C．ask us not to build houses with trees D．show us what animals live in trees 主题03 人与社会—— 文化差异 Passage1 （25-26七年级上·吉林·期末）①Do you know daily routines in different cities? Let’s read the three examples. ②In Beijing, some people get up at about 7 a.m. After breakfast, people start their work or study. At noon, they have lunch and rest for a while. Then they start afternoon work. Some people finish their work at about 5 p.m. Then they may do some fun activities like having dinner with friends, while others may keep working until midnight. ③People’s timetable in Urumqi（乌鲁木齐）is special. In summer, people start work at about 10 a.m. They have lunch around 2 p.m. In the afternoon, people work from 4 p.m. to 8 p.m. The reason behind this difference is that the days are very long in summer in Urumqi. ④Rovaniemi（罗瓦涅米）is a city in Finland. People there see something amazing: polar day（极昼）. The polar day is from June to July. It means the sun doesn’t go down. It is not easy to sleep well during the polar day. So people usually use eye masks（眼罩）. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．What does the underlined word “rest” in paragraph 2 probably（可能）mean? A．娱乐 B．忙碌 C．休息 D．探索 2．How long do people in Urumqi work in a day? A．10 hours. B．8 hours. C．6 hours. D．4 hours. 3．When do people in Rovaniemi have the polar day? A．From May to June. B．From June to July. C．From July to August. D．From June to August. 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．People in Beijing start work around 7 o’clock. B．People in Rovaniemi can’t see the sun on the polar day. C．People in Urumqi finish their work late because the day is very short in summer. D．It’s difficult for people in Rovaniemi to sleep well during the polar day. 5．Which is the right structure（结构）of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage2 （25-26七年级上·吉林长春·期末）①We know exercise is important in our lives. Everyone needs to exercise. Doctors say doing sports is beneficial to us. Children should also do sports because it can make them tall and strong. Doing sports is easy. Here is some advice (建议). ②You can walk, run or only jump. These are easy ways. Every day you walk to the classrooms and have PE class. ③Don’t do sports too much at a time. Try all kinds of sports and look for one, two or even three sports you like. People who exercise for one hour every day have better sleep and more energy (能量). ④You can also exercise at a gym or on the sports field. In the gym, you can play basketball, play tennis or play ping-pong. After school, you can run or play football on the sports field. Exercise can be fun. It can make you happy. ⑤You will have a great time exercising with friends. You can do sports with your friends at any place you like. You can also join the running club. ⑥As you can see, you can try different ways to do exercise. And just do it! 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．Why should children do sports? A．Because it makes them clever. B．Because it is good for health. C．Because it makes them run quickly. D．Because it is easy for children. 2．What does the underlined word “beneficial” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Helpful. B．Special. C．Boring. D．Difficult. 3．Which of the following is NOT TRUE? A．Everyone needs to do sports. B．We should try all kinds of sports. C．People can do exercise at a gym or on the sports field. D．Doing sports for a long time a day makes you healthy. 4．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the main idea (主旨) of this passage? A．People can exercise at many places. B．Exercising with friends is so interesting. C．There are many easy ways to do sports. D．Exercise helps you have better sleep and more energy. Passage3 （25-26七年级上·吉林长春·期末）①Do you have a favourite place—a place with family and relatives (亲戚), good weather and fun things to do? I’m glad I have. New Jersey is my favourite place. I like it for many reasons. ②The first reason is my family and relatives. Half of my relatives live in New Jersey. When I visit them, my cousins and I play games and have fun together all day. My uncles and aunts like taking me to the park. There we can ride bikes and play in the water. We all feel happy to stay together. ③The second reason is the weather. It is not hot, and it’s always cool. When I think about my visits to New Jersey, I can just feel the little wind in my hair. It’s so great to stay there. ④The third reason is catching crabs (捕蟹). If it’s the crab season, we often catch crabs. We keep the blue crabs and the snow crabs, and we let the others go. Once, my cousin catches a crab. It is so big that it can’t get out of the crab bag! Finally, we help it get out, but it hurts one of its legs. Poor crab! ⑤For all these reasons, New Jersey is my favourite place. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．If the writer has 16 relatives, how many of them may live in New Jersey? A．5. B．6. C．4. D．8. 2．What does the underlined word “hurts” mean in Chinese? A．吃掉 B．弄伤 C．隐藏 D．炫耀 3．What’s the right structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What can we know from this passage? A．The writer lives with his or her uncles and aunts. B．The weather in New Jersey is not hot or cold. C．The writer only keeps the blue crabs when crabbing. D．The writer likes to stay with his or her friends in New Jersey. 5．Why does the writer write the passage? A．To tell us why he or she likes New Jersey. B．To tell us what he or she can do in New Jersey. C．To tell us how the weather is in New Jersey. D．To tell us what his or her favourite thing is in New Jersey. Passage4 （25-26七年级上·吉林长春·期末）Jay walks to the beach. The sun shines (照耀) on the blue water, and the beach feels warm under his feet. Jay is in shorts and a T-shirt and does not feel cold. It is December, but this is not how December should feel to Jay. He feels a little sad. Jay’s family moves from a village in Colorado to a beach city in California. He has a new home, a new school, and new friends. Jay likes many things about the new place, but he misses (想念) the cold winter of Colorado. He likes sledding (乘雪橇) in winter, but he can’t do it now. To show Jay how fun the beach can be, his new friend Miguel asks him to go surfing (冲浪). Miguel waits on the beach. “You miss the cold?” Miguel says. “Try surfing in the sea.” He gives Jay a surfboard (冲浪板). Jay gets in the water with the surfboard. At first, he does not know how to surf and keeps falling into the water. He tries again and again. Slowly, he stops falling and starts to have fun. He thinks surfing is also exciting, just like sledding. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．The cold feet. B．The blue water. C．The clean beach. D．The warm weather. 2．What problem does Jay have in the beach city? A．He can’t sled. B．His school isn’t big. C．His house isn’t new. D．He doesn’t have friends. 3．Why does Miguel ask Jay to go to the beach? A．To take a walk with Jay. B．To learn to surf from Jay. C．To let Jay have fun in the water. D．To show Jay the beautiful beach. 4．How does Jay feel in the end? A．Sad. B．Sorry. C．Angry. D．Excited. 5．What may Jay say to Miguel after surfing? A．Thank you! B．Let’s go sledding! C．Have a good time! D．Welcome to my home! / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自然—— 种植与养殖 Passage1 （25-26七年级上·吉林长春·期末） ①We can see many interesting plants around us. Do you want to learn more things about them? Let’s get to know some of them. ②Apple trees are plants with green leaves and juicy fruit. There are some seeds (种子) in the fruit. Apples are delicious and are good for our health. Do you know “One apple a day keeps the doctor away.”? We can also use apples to make apple juice. ③Tomatoes usually have bright red fruits. They are good for us and we can make them into delicious salad, sauce and soup. ④Carrots are orange root (根) vegetables. They have good taste and we can eat them in many ways. ⑤Plants are important to us because some of them are our food and they make the world beautiful.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What are in the fruit of apples? A．Leaves. B．Roots. C．Plants. D．Seeds. 2．What can we use an apple to make? A．Tomato salad. B．Apple juice. C．Carrot soup. D．Tomato sauce. 3．What is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1       ②=Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Apples are not good for health. B．Tomatoes usually have bright red fruits. C．Carrots are often used as gifts. D．Plants are our food. 5．Which can be the best title (标题) of this passage? A．Food on Farms. B．Some Plants around Us. C．Apple Trees. D．Beautiful Land. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些我们身边有趣的植物，包括苹果树、西红柿和胡萝卜等。 1．细节理解题。根据“There are some seeds (种子) in the fruit.”可知，苹果的果实里有种子。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“We can also use apples to make apple juice.”可知，我们可以用苹果制作苹果汁。故选B。 3．篇章结构题。第一段讲引出要介绍一些有趣的植物；第二至四段分别讲苹果树、西红柿和胡萝卜；第五段讲植物对我们很重要。所以，本文的结构是“总分总”结构，选项B结构图符合。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Tomatoes usually have bright red fruits.”可知，西红柿通常有鲜红色的果实。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。全文围绕我们身边的一些植物展开，介绍了苹果树、西红柿和胡萝卜等植物的特点和用途。因此，选项B“我们身边的一些植物”精准概括主题。故选B。 Passage2 （25-26七年级上·吉林长春·期末） ①Do you know bamboo (竹子)? It’s always green in a year and it is everywhere in Bali. There are 1,450 kinds of bamboo around the world, but we only use seven kinds of them to make things. We can use bamboo to make things like beds, desks and chairs. ②My father uses bamboo to build Green School in Bali. In Green School, all of the rooms are made of bamboo. There are a lot of bamboo things in the classrooms. Every classroom has a bamboo blackboard, some bamboo desks and bamboo chairs. ③But every classroom has no windows, doors or walls. It only has a bamboo roof and you can see it when you look up in the classroom. ④Green School is very nice. Its students are from 40 countries. They have maths, English, art and music classes. In their free time, all students grow fruit and vegetables around the school. And they also keep pigs, sheep, chickens and ducks. A lot of food comes from their hands. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．How many kinds of bamboo can we use to make things? A．7. B．14. C．40. D．1,450. 2．What do the classrooms in Green School have? A．Bamboo windows. B．Bamboo doors. C．Bamboo blackboards. D．Bamboo bookshelves. 3．What does the underlined word “roof” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．The back of the classroom. B．The front of the classroom. C．The top of the classroom. D．The middle of the classroom. 4．What’s the best structure of this passage (这篇文章的最佳结构是什么)? A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Bamboo Forests B．School Things C．Green Things D．Green School 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者父亲用竹子在巴厘岛建造了绿色学校。 1．细节理解题。根据“but we only use seven kinds of them to make things”可知，我们只用七种竹子来制作物品。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Every classroom has a bamboo blackboard, some bamboo desks and bamboo chairs.”可知，绿色学校的教室里有竹黑板。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“It only has a bamboo roof and you can see it when you look up in the classroom.”可知，每个教室只有一个竹制屋顶，当你在教室里抬头时就能看到它。“roof”指的是教室的顶部。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段介绍竹子；第二、三、四段重点说明用竹子建成的绿色学校及其学生生活，文章为“总—分”结构。故选A。 5．最佳标题题。根据“My father uses bamboo to build Green School in Bali.”并结合全文可知，本文主要介绍了作者父亲用竹子在巴厘岛建了绿色学校，D选项“绿色学校”可作为文章标题。故选D。 Passage3 （25-26七年级上·吉林长春·期末）①Food is an important part of Lunar New Year. Every country has its holiday foods. Here are some of them. ②Oranges are popular at Lunar New Year in China. Because they are round in shape (形状) and golden in colour. People often give oranges as gifts. People think the fruit is a symbol of good luck and wealth (财富) in the coming year. ③In one country, some people celebrate Lunar New Year with a bowl of noodles. The noodles are long. They mean a long life. People try to eat the noodles in one piece. They do not bite (咬) the noodles！ ④Dumplings are popular in many Asian countries, like China. Usually, all the family help make them. It is a happy way to spend time with family! ⑤In another country, people eat rice cake soup. The rice cakes look like coins (硬币). For some families, rice cakes mean wealth (财富). 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．Why do Chinese like to give oranges as gifts at Lunar New Year? A．Because of their history and color. B．Because of their taste and shape. C．Because of their history and shape. D．Because of their color and shape. 2．What do long noodles mean according to (根据) the passage? A．Great happiness. B．A long life. C．Good luck. D．A lot of money. 3．What does the underlined word“them” refer to (指代)? A．Oranges. B．Noodles. C．Dumplings. D．Rice cakes. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．It is about how to cook different New Year foods. B．It is about different foods for Lunar New Year. C．It is about why Lunar New Year is important to people. D．It is about how to celebrate New Year with family. 5．What's the structure (结构) of this passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了不同国家在农历新年时的特色食物及其寓意。 1．细节理解题。根据“Because they are round in shape and golden in colour”可知，中国人新年送橙子是因为它的形状和颜色。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“The noodles are long. They mean a long life”可知，长面条寓意长寿。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Dumplings are popular in many Asian countries…all the family help make them”可知，“them”指代前文的“Dumplings”。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。文章开头提到“Food is an important part of Lunar New Year. Every country has its holiday foods”，后文介绍了不同农历新年食物，因此主题是“农历新年的不同食物”。故选B。 5．篇章结构题。文章第①段总述 “农历新年食物是重要部分，各国都有特色食物”，第②-⑤段分别介绍橙子、面条、饺子、年糕这些食物，属于“总—分”结构，与选项A的结构一致。故选A。 主题02 人与社会——社会生活 Passage1 （24-25七年级下·吉林长春·期中）Different weather makes people feel different. It has an influence (影响) on people’s health, intelligence (智力) and feelings. In August, it is always hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People there have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems during this month. In the Northeast and the Middle West, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times. The weather can also influence intelligence. For example, the IQ (智商) of students was very high when a very strong wind came, and it can help people have higher intelligence. Very hot weather makes students in many schools of the United States often get bad grades in exams in July and August. Weather also has a strong influence on people’s feelings. Winter may be a bad time for thin people. They usually feel cold during these months. They might feel unhappy during cold weather. But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. At about 18℃, people feel well. Are you feeling good, tired, or unhappy today? It may be the weather’s problem. 1．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to (指的是)? A．Health. B．Wind. C．IQ. D．Weather. 2．Why do students in the United States usually get bad grades in exams in July and August? A．Because they have high IQ. B．Because the weather is very hot. C．Because a very strong wind comes. D．Because they do well in their studies. 3．Which of the following is NOT true? A．People have higher intelligence with the help of the wind. B．Thin people might feel cold and unhappy during winter. C．The weather may make us have different feelings. D．The weather in the northern part of the United States is always hot and wet in August. 4．Which shows the structure of the passage? （①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2…） A．B．C． D． 5．What's the best title of the passage? A．Different kinds of Weather. B．IQ and Weather. C．Exams in the Hot Months. D．Weather and Its Influences on People. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了天气对人的多方面影响，包括健康、智力和情绪，说明天气是影响人们状态的重要因素。 1．词句猜测题。根据“For example, the IQ (智商) of students was very high when a very strong wind came, it can help people have higher intelligence.”可知，这里说的是风来了，学生智商变高，风帮助人们拥有更高智力，所以“it”指代“wind”，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Very hot weather makes students in many schools of the United States often get bad grades in exams in July and August.”可知，美国学生七八月份考试成绩差是因为天气炎热，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“In August, it is always hot and wet in the southern part of the United States.”可知，八月炎热潮湿的是美国南部，不是北部，所以“The weather in the northern part of the United States is always hot and wet in August.”表述错误，故选D。 4．篇章结构题。文章第一段总体指出天气对人的健康、智力和情感有影响；第二段讲天气对健康的影响，第三段讲对智力的影响，第四段讲对情感的影响；最后一段总结。所以整体是总分总结构，①是总述，②③④是分述，⑤是总结，故选B。 5．最佳标题题。文章围绕天气展开，讲述了天气对人们健康、智力和情感等多方面的影响，“Weather and Its Influences on People”最能概括文章内容，作为标题最合适，故选D。 Passage2 （25-26七年级上·吉林长春·期末） ①Do you like snow? In Jilin, winter is very cold and there is lots of snow and ice. It is exciting that students there have a new holiday—the “snow holiday”! ②This holiday is for all students in elementary (小学) and middle schools. When there is heavy snow, students can stay at home. But this holiday is special. The holiday gives students time to enjoy winter fun outside! ③The holiday is from December 3rd to December 7th. During the snow holiday, students can go outside and play in the snow. They can build snowmen, go skiing, or have fun with their families. It’s a great time to feel the joy (乐趣) of winter. ④Students can also go to Changchun Ice and Snow World, a big and beautiful park made of ice and snow. They can see amazing ice buildings, slide down ice slides (冰滑梯), and play happily there. At night, the ice lights up in many colors, making it a fantastic place to go to. ⑤People think this new rule is wonderful. It helps students enjoy snow activities and build up their bodies at the same time. For students in Jilin, the snow holiday can be a happy time for winter fun now! 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．Why is the snow holiday special? A．Because it keeps students staying inside all day. B．Because it makes students study at home. C．Because it gives students time to enjoy winter fun outside. D．Because students can go to the south of China. 2．How many days does the snow holiday last (持续) ? A．5. B．6. C．7. D．8. 3．What does the underlined word “fantastic” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Different. B．Great. C．Boring. D．Handsome. 4．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 5．What is probably the best title (题目) for this passage? A．A Cold Winter in Jilin B．How to Spend Winter in Jilin C．Play in Changchun Ice and Snow World D．Snow Holiday for Students in Jilin 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了吉林省为学生新设立的“雪假”，包括其目的、时间安排和活动内容。 1．细节理解题。根据“The holiday gives students time to enjoy winter fun outside!”可知，这个假期特殊之处在于它给了学生户外享受冬日乐趣的时间。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The holiday is from December 3rd to December 7th.”可知，假期共5天。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句“At night, the ice lights up in many colors, making it a fantastic place to go to.”结合上文对冰雪世界美丽景象（amazing ice buildings, slide down ice slides, play happily）的描述，以及夜晚彩灯营造的效果，可推断“fantastic”在此处意为“极好的，美妙的”。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。①段引入话题（吉林有雪假）；②段介绍假期目的和特殊性（给学生户外冬日乐趣）；③段介绍假期时间和主要活动（堆雪人、滑雪等）；④段介绍一个具体去处（长春冰雪世界）；⑤段总结人们对假期的看法及意义。这是一个典型的“总—分—总”结构。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。文章通篇围绕吉林省为学生新设立的“雪假”展开，介绍了其设立原因、时间、活动和意义，核心关键词是“Snow Holiday”和“Students in Jilin”。D项“吉林学生的雪假”准确概括了全文主旨。故选D。 Passage3 （25-26七年级上·吉林长春·期末） Some children become friends with their teachers, while others become friends with their bus drivers. Samuel Monteiro is a bus driver. Every school day, he takes many children to travel to and from school on his bus. Along the way he gets to know their names and talks with them. One morning, Samuel greets the children when they get on the bus. The children don’t just say “Good morning” as usual. They give Samuel small gifts— beautiful yellow flowers. Samuel is so happy. He puts them on the dashboard (仪表板). Samuel loves the children. He wants more people to see the sweet friendship between him and the children. He starts making videos (视频) and posts them on the Internet. In the videos, people can see how their special friendship grows. From greeting the children in the morning to talking with them and even singing songs with them, Samuel shares sweet moments with the children every day. Then, the children often give small gifts to Samuel. Every time he sees these gifts, he feels very happy. Samuel knows he is not only their bus driver, but also a true friend. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What does Samuel do every school day? A．He teaches children at school. B．He makes friends with teachers. C．He cleans his bus in the park. D．He gets children to and from school. 2．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 3 refer to (指代)? A．Children. B．The bus. C．Yellow flowers. D．The driver. 3．Why does Samuel make videos and post them on the Internet? A．To tell others he can sing songs with children. B．To let more people see his friendship with the children. C．To ask more children to take his bus. D．To show how good his bus is. 4．How does Samuel feel when he sees small gifts from children? A．Happy. B．Excited. C．Surprised. D．Sad. 5．Which of the following is RIGHT? A．Samuel takes children to school from Monday to Sunday. B．Samuel greets the children when they get off the bus. C．In Samuel’s videos, people can see how their friendship grows. D．Samuel often gives small gifts to the children. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了校车司机塞缪尔・蒙特罗在日常接送孩子上下学的过程中，与孩子们建立了甜蜜的友谊，孩子们会送他小礼物，他也通过拍摄视频分享这份特殊友谊的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“Every school day, he takes many children to travel to and from school on his bus.”可知，塞缪尔每个上学日会接送孩子们上下学。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“They give Samuel small gifts— beautiful yellow flowers. Samuel is so happy. He puts them on the dashboard (仪表板).”可知，孩子们送给塞缪尔的礼物是黄色的花，“them” 指代的是这些黄色的花。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“He wants more people to see the sweet friendship between him and the children. He starts making videos and posts them on the Internet.”可知，塞缪尔拍视频并发布到网上是为了让更多人看到他和孩子们之间的友谊。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Every time he sees these gifts, he feels very happy.” 可知，塞缪尔看到孩子们的小礼物时会感到开心。故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据“In the videos, people can see how their special friendship grows.”可知，在塞缪尔的视频里，人们能看到他和孩子们的友谊是如何发展的。故选C。 主题03 人与自我——校园学习 Passage1 （25-26七年级上·吉林松原·期末）History, geography and biology are new subjects in the first year of middle school. Each of them opens up a new world for us. All of this helps us know life better. History is like a guide (导游) for time travel. We learn about things in the past. For example, we can know the stories of great people. It lets us know where we come from and how our world has changed. Geography shows us the world. We learn about different places on earth. We study mountains, rivers and oceans (海洋). We also learn about different countries, cities and languages. It lets us know more about where we live. Biology is full of fun. We learn about plants and animals. For example, we learn how plants grow and how animals live. We study our own bodies too. We learn how our eyes help us see and how our legs help us walk. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．What subjects does the passage talk about? A．History, English and Chinese. B．History, geography and biology. C．Music, geography and PE. D．Science, biology and English. 2．What is history like according to the passage? A．A storybook. B．A time-travel guide. C．A map. D．A picture. 3．What can we learn in geography according to the passage? ① Different histories.        ② Different countries. ③ Languages.        ④ Mountains, rivers and oceans. A．②③④ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．①②③ 4．How does the writer develop (开展) Paragraph 4? A．By giving examples. B．By listing numbers. C．By asking questions. D．By showing pictures. 5．What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1…) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了初中一年级的三门新学科（历史、地理、生物），阐述了每门学科的特点与学习内容。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一句“History, geography and biology are new subjects in the first year of middle school.”可知，文章谈论的学科是历史、地理和生物。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“History is like a guide (导游) for time travel.”可知，历史被比作时空旅行的导游。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“We study mountains, rivers and oceans (海洋). We also learn about different countries, cities and languages.”可知，地理课可以学习山脉、河流、海洋，以及不同国家和语言（对应②③④）。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据第四段“For example, we learn how plants grow and how animals live.”可知，作者通过举例子的方式展开第四段。故选A。 5．篇章结构题。文章第一段总述三门新学科，第二、三、四段分别介绍历史、地理、生物，属于“总—分”结构（①总起，②③④分述）。故选A。   Passage2 （25-26七年级上·吉林·期末）①Hello, everyone. I’m Max. Let me tell you about my school. ②My school is new and nice. There are six buildings and a playground in the school. The playground is in the middle of the school. There are twenty classrooms in the classroom building. The sports hall is behind the classroom building. The school offices are in the office building. It’s behind the sports hall. The library is on the left of the office building. There are many absorbing books in the library. I like reading books with my friends there. The science building is on the left of it. There are eight labs (实验室) in it. In front of the science building is the dining hall. In the dining hall, there are a lot of tables and chairs. There is a television too. ③Welcome to our school. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．The __________ is behind the classroom building. A．sports hall B．playground C．dining hall D．science building 2．There are __________ labs in the science building. A．six B．eight C．twelve D．twenty 3．The underlined word “absorbing” means “__________” in English. A．useful B．interesting C．boring D．difficult 4．What’s the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．The passage is about __________. A．Max’s family B．Max’s hobbies C．Max’s school D．Max’s books 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过Max的视角，描述了学校的建筑布局和主要设施，展现了校园的整体环境，并表达了对新同学的热烈欢迎。 1．细节理解题。根据“The sports hall is behind the classroom building.”可知，体育馆在教学楼后面，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“The science building is on the left of it. There are eight labs (实验室) in it.”可知，科学楼有8个实验室，故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“I like reading books with my friends there.”可知，作者喜欢在图书馆看书，说明这些书很有吸引力，推测“absorbing”意为“有趣的”，故选B。 4．篇章结构题。结合全文可知，文章第①段引出话题“介绍学校”，第②段详细描述校园布局，第③段发出邀请，选项A的结构符合，故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据“Let me tell you about my school.”及全文内容可知，本文是关于Max的学校的，故选C。 Passage3 （25-26七年级上·吉林松原·期末）①I work for my school’s radio station. This term, my school wants to start four new clubs. For that, Mrs. Brown asks me to make a survey (调查). I do the survey in our school. ②Forty of them are interested in the Street Dance Club. They want to learn street dance because they think it is very cool. ③Twenty students want to join the Yoga Club. Most of them are girls. They all think yoga is a relaxing sport. ④Fifteen students have a camera, but they don’t know how to take great photos. They think the Photo Club can help. ⑤Twenty-five students want to join the Gardening Club. They say it can be a lot of fun for students. They want to learn how to care for plants and grow their food. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．How many students want to learn street dance? A．40. B．30. C．20. D．10. 2．Why do fifteen students want to join the Photo Club? A．Because they have new cameras. B．Because they want to play photo games. C．Because they want to take great photos. D．Because they want to make new friends. 3．If (如果) Jennifer wants to plant some vegetables, which club may she be interested in? A．The Street Dance Club. B．The Yoga Club. C．The Photo Club. D．The Gardening Club. 4．What is the text mainly (主要地) about? A．Students’ after-school activities. B．How to find an interesting club. C．How to start some new clubs. D．A survey about new clubs. 5．What’s the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了作者为学校广播站工作，学校本学期想开设四个新社团，布朗夫人让作者进行调查，作者在学校开展调查后，介绍了不同学生对各个新社团的兴趣及原因。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Forty of them are interested in the Street Dance Club. They want to learn street dance because they think it is very cool.”可知，有40个学生想学习街舞。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Fifteen students have a camera, but they don’t know how to take great photos. They think the Photo Club can help.”可知，这15个学生想加入摄影俱乐部是因为他们想拍出很棒的照片。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Twenty-five students want to join the Gardening Club. They say it can be a lot of fun for students. They want to learn how to care for plants and grow their food.”可知，想种植蔬菜属于照顾植物和种植食物的范畴，所以如果Jennifer想种植一些蔬菜，她可能会对园艺俱乐部感兴趣。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“This term, my school wants to start four new clubs. For that, Mrs. Brown asks me to make a survey (调查). I do the survey in our school.”以及后文对不同学生关于新社团兴趣的介绍可知，本文主要围绕对新社团的调查展开。故选D。 5．篇章结构题。文章第一段总述学校要开设四个新社团，布朗夫人让作者做调查，作者在学校开展了调查；第二、三、四、五段分别介绍了不同学生对各个新社团的兴趣及原因，是分述内容。所以文章结构为总分的结构。故选A。 主题01 人与自我—— 学习 Passage1 （24-25七年级上·吉林辽源·期末） ①Do you have a tidy desk or an untidy desk at home? Do you want to keep your desk clean and tidy for a long time? A tidy desk helps you find things easily and do things well. It is also helpful for your study. Doing these can help you with it. ②First, only put things you need on your desk. For old books, you can put them in the bookcase. Get a box for small things you don’t need. You can put your pens and pencils in a pencil box. ③Second, don’t put food or drinks on your desk, because they can make your desk dirty (脏的). Go to the kitchen (厨房) when you want to eat. ④Third, put important things next to you. Then it is easy for you to get them. If you have a drawer (抽屉) under your desk, you can put things there every day. ⑤Fourth, clean your desk every day. If you do it every day, you can have a new day with a tidy desk the next morning. ⑥If you do the things, you can have a tidy and clean desk. Why not have a try now? 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．How many tips (建议) can we get from the passage (文章)? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 2．Why don’t we put food or drinks on our desk? Because they can ________. A．make the desk dirty B．be bad for our health C．be bad for our study D．make the kitchen dirty 3．What does “it” refer to in Paragraph 5? A．Get a box. B．Have a drawer. C．Clean your desk. D．Put your food on the desk. 4．Which is the structure (结构) of the text? (①=Paragraph 1,…) A．B．C． D． 5．Who is the passage written for (写给)? A．farmers B．students C．teachers D．workers 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文主要围绕如何保持书桌整洁给出了几条建议。 1．细节理解题。根据“First”“Second”“Third”“Fourth”可知，文章一共给出了4条建议。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“don’t put food or drinks on your desk, because they can make your desk dirty (脏的).”可知，不要把食物和饮料放在桌子上是因为它们会把桌子弄脏。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“clean your desk every day. If you do it every day, you can have a new day with a tidy room the next morning.”可知，每天清洁你的桌子，如果你每天这样做，第二天早上你就能在一个整洁的房间里开启新的一天，所以“it”指代的是“Clean your desk”。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。第一段通过提问引出保持书桌整洁的话题；第二段至第五段给出了保持书桌整洁的建议；第六段进行总结。选项B符合文章结构。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据“A tidy desk helps you find things easily and do things well. It is also helpful for your study.”可知，整洁的书桌有助于你轻松找到东西并做好事情，对学习也有帮助，所以文章是写给学生的。故选B。 Passage2 （24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末）①There are too many differences between Chinese students and British students. Let me tell you the students’ life in the UK. ②Get up at 6:30 a.m. and then go to school by bus at a quarter past seven. ③Class starts at 9:00 a.m. and finishes at 3:30 p.m. The students in the UK have many classes every day like math, geography, history, art, PE and so on. ④There is a little homework after school. But after doing that, they should do many other things. Students have a lot of after-school activities, such as swimming, basketball and soccer. In China, many students do after-school activities from Monday to Friday. But British students do them for two hours a day on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. ⑤All in all, students in the UK might have more time to do their own things, but they are hard-working too. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．How do British students go to school? A．By car. B．By bus. C．On foot. D．Ride a bike. 2．According to the passage, what are the after-school activities for British students? a. Soccer.        b. Basketball.         c. Swimming.        d. Golf.        e. Music. A．a, b, c. B．a, c, d. C．b, c, e. D．c, d, e. 3．How many hours of after-school things do British students do a week? A．Two hours. B．Four hours. C．Six hours. D．Eight hours. 4．What do the underlined words “such as” mean in Chinese? A．证明 B．活动 C．假设 D．例如 5．What is the structure (结构) of the passage? (① =Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2...) A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①/②/③④⑤ C．①/②③④⑤ D．①②/③④⑤ 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是主要介绍了英国学生的生活作息、课程设置、课后作业以及课外活动等方面的内容，为读者提供了关于英国学生生活的全面信息。 1．细节理解题。根据“Get up at 6:30 a.m. and then go to school by bus at a quarter past seven.”可知，英国学生早上6:30起床，然后在7点15分乘公交车去学校。因此，英国学生通常是乘公交车去上学的。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Students have a lot of after-school activities, such as swimming, basketball and soccer.”可知，英国学生的课外活动包括游泳、篮球和足球，即a、b、c。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“But British students do them for two hours a day on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays.”可知，英国学生在周一、周三和周五每天进行两个小时的课外活动；据此可以推断，一周合计进行课外活动时间为：3×2=6小时。故选C。 4．词义猜测题。根据“Students have a lot of after-school activities, such as swimming, basketball and soccer.”可知，学生们有很多课外活动，比如游泳、篮球和足球；据此可以推断，划线部分“such as”意为“例如，比如”，用于列举具体的事例或例子。故选D。 5．篇章结构题。综合全文可知，文章的结构可以分为三个部分：第一段是第一层，提出了中国、英国学生存在差异并引出下文；第二、三、四段是第二层，详细介绍了英国学生的日常学习生活；最后一段是第三层，总结了英国学生的学习生活，所以本文的结构为“总——分——总”，选项A结构图符合题意。故选A。 主题02 人与自然—— 环境保护 Passage1 （23-24七年级上·吉林白城·期末）The Earth is a beautiful place. There are seas and oceans. But there is a lot of pollution. People put rubbish into the sea and under the ground. This pollutes the Earth, and lots of animals and plants die. What can we do to protect the Earth? Let’s listen to our Mother Earth. If you love me, please save the resources (资源). Start with the little things around you: turn off the light and the tap when you do not use them. If you love me, please protect the environment (环境). Everything on this land is so beautiful. Protect the blue sky and stop polluting the air. Don’t burn the wood to make energy. Don’t throw rubbish into the river. If you love me, please recycle things. Reuse materials and reduce waste. Use both sides of a sheet of paper. Repair broken items so that they can be used again. If you love me, please live a “low carbon life (低碳生活)”. Choose low carbon transportation, such as buses, bikes or trains. This also gives you a chance to get close to nature. If you love me, make Earth Day every day, not only today! Love me as you love yourself. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why lots of animals and plants die? A．Because people pollute the Earth. B．Because they can not find food. C．Because there is no water for them. D．Because there is no forest on the Earth. 2．How can we live a “low carbon life”? A．By travelling by car. B．By living near school. C．By going to school by bus. D．By putting rubbish under the ground. 3．When might the writer write this article? A．On Earth Day. B．On Teachers’ Day. C．On Children’s Day. D．On National Day. 4．What does this article tell us? A．We should travel around the Earth. B．We should love our mother and family. C．We should protect the Earth. D．We should listen to our mother’s words. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要告诉我们要爱护地球以及如何爱护地球。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“People put rubbish into the sea and under the ground. This pollutes the Earth, and lots of animals and plants die.”可知，人们把垃圾扔到海里、地下，这污染了地球，造成许多动植物死亡。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Choose low carbon transportation, such as buses, bikes or trains.”可知，我们应选择低碳交通工具，如公共汽车、自行车或火车。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“If you love me, make Earth Day every day, not only today! Love me as you love yourself.”可知，如果人们爱地球，就把每一天都当作地球日，而不仅仅是今天，可推知作者写这篇文章的时间是在地球日这天。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要告诉我们要爱护地球以及如何爱护地球。故选C。 Passage2 （25-26七年级上·吉林长春·期末）①Trees do a lot for us, our environment and animals. They are important to us. ②Trees help to keep the air clean and make us healthy. They take in dirty air and give clean air to us. Go for a walk in the park in the morning, and you can feel how nice it is to be with many trees and clean air. ③Trees also give us many kinds of beautiful flowers and delicious fruits, such as apples and oranges. Trees give homes to different insects, birds and other animals. Even the sap (汁液) of trees is useful as food for insects. ④However, we might hurt (伤害) trees. ________ And we sometimes clear the forests (清除森林) to build houses, shops and so on. Many animals lose (失去) their homes because of this. ⑤It is time for us to stop hurting our great friends—trees. Please do not use much paper and we can plant trees. Everyone can do something for our dear friends! 根据短文内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why are trees important? A．They keep air clean. B．They give flowers homes. C．People get insects from them. D．People can eat apples under them. 2．Which of the following is the best for “________”? A．There are many trees around us. B．We grow together with trees. C．Trees are usually very tall. D．We cut down trees to make paper, desks and chairs. 3．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Making paper. B．Clearing the forest. C．Making desks and chairs. D．Building houses and shops. 4．What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5．The writer writes the passage to ________. A．tell us not to hurt trees B．teach us how to make use of trees C．ask us not to build houses with trees D．show us what animals live in trees 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了树木对人类、环境和动物的重要性，指出了人类对树木的破坏行为，并呼吁人们保护树木，停止伤害这些伟大的朋友。 1．细节理解题。根据“Trees help to keep the air clean and make us healthy.”可知，树木有助于保持空气清洁并让我们健康。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“However, we might hurt (伤害) trees.”以及“And we sometimes clear the forests (清除森林) to build houses…”可知，本段的主题转折，开始讲述人类对树木的负面影响及破坏行为。横线处位于总起句之后，且后文用“And”连接了另一个破坏行为（清除森林），说明空处也应是人类伤害树木的一个具体例子。选项D“我们砍伐树木来制造纸张、桌子和椅子。”符合语境。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“And we sometimes clear the forests (清除森林) to build houses, shops and so on. Many animals lose (失去) their homes because of this.”可知，许多动物失去家园是因为人类“清除森林”这一行为。因此this指代的是“Clearing the forest”。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。分析文章结构可知：第一段总述树木很重要；第二、三段分别详述树木对空气、健康、提供食物和栖息地等方面的好处，第四段转折指出人类对树木的伤害；第五段总结全文，呼吁人们停止伤害树木。文章呈现“总—分—总”的结构。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。根据“It is time for us to stop hurting our great friends—trees.”以及全文对树木重要性的强调可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是告诉我们不要伤害树木，要保护它们。故选A。 主题03 人与社会—— 文化差异 Passage1 （25-26七年级上·吉林·期末）①Do you know daily routines in different cities? Let’s read the three examples. ②In Beijing, some people get up at about 7 a.m. After breakfast, people start their work or study. At noon, they have lunch and rest for a while. Then they start afternoon work. Some people finish their work at about 5 p.m. Then they may do some fun activities like having dinner with friends, while others may keep working until midnight. ③People’s timetable in Urumqi（乌鲁木齐）is special. In summer, people start work at about 10 a.m. They have lunch around 2 p.m. In the afternoon, people work from 4 p.m. to 8 p.m. The reason behind this difference is that the days are very long in summer in Urumqi. ④Rovaniemi（罗瓦涅米）is a city in Finland. People there see something amazing: polar day（极昼）. The polar day is from June to July. It means the sun doesn’t go down. It is not easy to sleep well during the polar day. So people usually use eye masks（眼罩）. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。 1．What does the underlined word “rest” in paragraph 2 probably（可能）mean? A．娱乐 B．忙碌 C．休息 D．探索 2．How long do people in Urumqi work in a day? A．10 hours. B．8 hours. C．6 hours. D．4 hours. 3．When do people in Rovaniemi have the polar day? A．From May to June. B．From June to July. C．From July to August. D．From June to August. 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．People in Beijing start work around 7 o’clock. B．People in Rovaniemi can’t see the sun on the polar day. C．People in Urumqi finish their work late because the day is very short in summer. D．It’s difficult for people in Rovaniemi to sleep well during the polar day. 5．Which is the right structure（结构）of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了北京，乌鲁木齐和芬兰罗瓦涅米三个城市人们不同的日常作息习惯，并解释了造成这些差异的原因。 1．文中第二段提到“At noon, they have lunch and rest for a while.”（中午，他们吃午饭并休息一会儿）。根据常识和上下文，午饭后通常是“休息”一会儿，因此“rest”的意思是“休息”。 2．文中第三段提到乌鲁木齐人的工作时间是“start work at about 10 a.m.”（上午10点开始工作）、“They have lunch around 2 p.m.”（他们大约在下午 2 点吃午饭。）、“In the afternoon, people work from 4 p.m. to 8 p.m.”（下午从4点工作到8点）。上午工作时间为10:00-14:00（4小时），下午工作时间为16:00-20:00（4小时），总计8小时。 3．文中第四段明确指出罗瓦涅米的极昼时间是“The polar day is from June to July.”（极昼从六月到七月）。 4．文中第四段提到“It is not easy to sleep well during the polar day.”（在极昼期间睡个好觉不容易），这与选项D“It’s difficult for people in Rovaniemi to sleep well during the polar day.”（在极昼期间，罗瓦涅米的人们很难睡好觉）意思一致。 5．文章第一段是总起，引出话题；第二、三、四段分别介绍了北京、乌鲁木齐和罗瓦涅米三个城市的情况，这三段是并列关系。因此，文章结构是“总-分”结构。 Passage2 （25-26七年级上·吉林长春·期末）①We know exercise is important in our lives. Everyone needs to exercise. Doctors say doing sports is beneficial to us. Children should also do sports because it can make them tall and strong. Doing sports is easy. Here is some advice (建议). ②You can walk, run or only jump. These are easy ways. Every day you walk to the classrooms and have PE class. ③Don’t do sports too much at a time. Try all kinds of sports and look for one, two or even three sports you like. People who exercise for one hour every day have better sleep and more energy (能量). ④You can also exercise at a gym or on the sports field. In the gym, you can play basketball, play tennis or play ping-pong. After school, you can run or play football on the sports field. Exercise can be fun. It can make you happy. ⑤You will have a great time exercising with friends. You can do sports with your friends at any place you like. You can also join the running club. ⑥As you can see, you can try different ways to do exercise. And just do it! 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．Why should children do sports? A．Because it makes them clever. B．Because it is good for health. C．Because it makes them run quickly. D．Because it is easy for children. 2．What does the underlined word “beneficial” in Paragraph 1 mean? A．Helpful. B．Special. C．Boring. D．Difficult. 3．Which of the following is NOT TRUE? A．Everyone needs to do sports. B．We should try all kinds of sports. C．People can do exercise at a gym or on the sports field. D．Doing sports for a long time a day makes you healthy. 4．Which is the right structure (结构) of the passage? (①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the main idea (主旨) of this passage? A．People can exercise at many places. B．Exercising with friends is so interesting. C．There are many easy ways to do sports. D．Exercise helps you have better sleep and more energy. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了运动对人们的重要性，强调了每个人都需要进行体育锻炼，并且鼓励大家采取不同的方式积极锻炼身体。 1．细节理解题。根据“Children should also do sports because it can make them tall and strong.”以及常识可知，运动对健康有好处，所以孩子应该做运动。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Doctors say doing sports is beneficial to us.”以及后文提到运动能让孩子长高变强壮、能让人睡眠更好更有能量等，可知运动对我们是有帮助的，“beneficial”意思是“有帮助的”，与“Helpful”意思相近。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Don’t do sports too much at a time.”可知，一次不要做太多运动，即长时间做运动不一定是健康的，D选项“每天长时间做运动使你健康”表述错误。故选D。 4．篇章结构题。第①段引出运动很重要，每个人都需要运动以及给出一些运动建议；第②至⑤段分别从运动方式、运动量、运动场所、和朋友一起运动等方面具体阐述运动建议；第⑥段总结可以尝试不同的运动方式并鼓励去做。所以文章结构是总分总结构，故选A。 5．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了运动对人们的重要性，强调了每个人都需要进行体育锻炼，并且鼓励大家采取不同的方式积极锻炼身体，整体强调有很多简单的做运动的方式。故选C。 Passage3 （25-26七年级上·吉林长春·期末）①Do you have a favourite place—a place with family and relatives (亲戚), good weather and fun things to do? I’m glad I have. New Jersey is my favourite place. I like it for many reasons. ②The first reason is my family and relatives. Half of my relatives live in New Jersey. When I visit them, my cousins and I play games and have fun together all day. My uncles and aunts like taking me to the park. There we can ride bikes and play in the water. We all feel happy to stay together. ③The second reason is the weather. It is not hot, and it’s always cool. When I think about my visits to New Jersey, I can just feel the little wind in my hair. It’s so great to stay there. ④The third reason is catching crabs (捕蟹). If it’s the crab season, we often catch crabs. We keep the blue crabs and the snow crabs, and we let the others go. Once, my cousin catches a crab. It is so big that it can’t get out of the crab bag! Finally, we help it get out, but it hurts one of its legs. Poor crab! ⑤For all these reasons, New Jersey is my favourite place. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．If the writer has 16 relatives, how many of them may live in New Jersey? A．5. B．6. C．4. D．8. 2．What does the underlined word “hurts” mean in Chinese? A．吃掉 B．弄伤 C．隐藏 D．炫耀 3．What’s the right structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 4．What can we know from this passage? A．The writer lives with his or her uncles and aunts. B．The weather in New Jersey is not hot or cold. C．The writer only keeps the blue crabs when crabbing. D．The writer likes to stay with his or her friends in New Jersey. 5．Why does the writer write the passage? A．To tell us why he or she likes New Jersey. B．To tell us what he or she can do in New Jersey. C．To tell us how the weather is in New Jersey. D．To tell us what his or her favourite thing is in New Jersey. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文作者以第一人称讲述了新泽西成为自己最喜爱之地的三个原因：家人亲戚、宜人气候以及捕蟹乐趣。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第②段“Half of my relatives live in New Jersey.”可知，作者有一半亲戚住在新泽西。若作者有16位亲戚，则一半为8位。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章第④段“Finally, we help it get out, but it hurts one of its legs.”，螃蟹被帮助脱离蟹袋后腿部受伤，因此“hurts”意为“弄伤”。故选B。 3．篇章结构题。文章第①段总述新泽西是最爱之地；第②③④段分述三个原因（家人亲戚、天气、捕蟹）；第⑤段总结。因此结构为“总—分—总”，选项A的结构图正确。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第③段“It is not hot, and it’s always cool.”可知新泽西天气不热且凉爽，选项B与此最接近。故选B。 5．推理判断题。全文围绕“New Jersey is my favourite place”展开，分点阐述了喜欢它的三个原因，因此写作目的是说明作者为何喜欢新泽西。故选A。 Passage4 （25-26七年级上·吉林长春·期末）Jay walks to the beach. The sun shines (照耀) on the blue water, and the beach feels warm under his feet. Jay is in shorts and a T-shirt and does not feel cold. It is December, but this is not how December should feel to Jay. He feels a little sad. Jay’s family moves from a village in Colorado to a beach city in California. He has a new home, a new school, and new friends. Jay likes many things about the new place, but he misses (想念) the cold winter of Colorado. He likes sledding (乘雪橇) in winter, but he can’t do it now. To show Jay how fun the beach can be, his new friend Miguel asks him to go surfing (冲浪). Miguel waits on the beach. “You miss the cold?” Miguel says. “Try surfing in the sea.” He gives Jay a surfboard (冲浪板). Jay gets in the water with the surfboard. At first, he does not know how to surf and keeps falling into the water. He tries again and again. Slowly, he stops falling and starts to have fun. He thinks surfing is also exciting, just like sledding. 根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。 1．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．The cold feet. B．The blue water. C．The clean beach. D．The warm weather. 2．What problem does Jay have in the beach city? A．He can’t sled. B．His school isn’t big. C．His house isn’t new. D．He doesn’t have friends. 3．Why does Miguel ask Jay to go to the beach? A．To take a walk with Jay. B．To learn to surf from Jay. C．To let Jay have fun in the water. D．To show Jay the beautiful beach. 4．How does Jay feel in the end? A．Sad. B．Sorry. C．Angry. D．Excited. 5．What may Jay say to Miguel after surfing? A．Thank you! B．Let’s go sledding! C．Have a good time! D．Welcome to my home! 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了搬到加州海滨城市的Jay因想念科罗拉多的冬日雪橇而失落，最终在朋友 Miguel的邀请下体验冲浪并找到乐趣的故事。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段“The sun shines (照耀) on the blue water, and the beach feels warm under his feet. Jay is in shorts and a T-shirt and does not feel cold. It is December”可知，现在是12月但Jay穿着短裤和 T 恤却不觉得冷；结合后文“this is not how December should feel to Jay”可知，“this”指代的是前文提到的温暖的天气。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“He likes sledding in winter, but he can’t do it now.”可知，Jay在海滨城市遇到的问题是不能乘雪橇。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“To show Jay how fun the beach can be, his new friend Miguel asks him to go surfing (冲浪).”可知，Miguel带Jay去海滩是为了让他在水里找到乐趣。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“He thinks surfing is also exciting, just like sledding.”可知，Jay最后感觉很兴奋。故选D。 5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，Miguel帮助Jay在冲浪中找到乐趣，解决了他的失落情绪，因此Jay可能会对Miguel说“谢谢”。故选A。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题07 阅读理解（说明文） 主题01 人与自然—— 种植与养殖 Passage1 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．B 4．B 5．B Passage2 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．D Passage3 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 主题02 人与社会——社会生活 Passage1 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．D Passage2 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D Passage3 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 主题03 人与自我——校园学习 Passage1 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．A Passage2 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．C Passage3 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．D 5．A 主题01 人与自我—— 学习 Passage1 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B Passage2 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 主题02 人与自然—— 环境保护 Passage1 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．C Passage2 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．A 主题03 人与社会—— 文化差异 Passage1 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．A Passage2 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．C Passage3 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A Passage4 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $