专题04 七选五（期末真题汇编，河南专用）高一英语下学期

**基本信息** 高中英语七选五专题汇编，涵盖人与社会、自我、自然三大主题，精选河南多地期末真题，素材贴近生活（如屏幕使用管理、整理房间、阅读技巧），注重逻辑衔接与语境理解。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |七选五|多篇章（每篇5题）|社会交往（如家庭沟通）、生活技能（如时间管理）、自然环保（如可再生能源）|情境真实（如节日屏幕使用建议），逻辑层次分明（tips类结构），适配期末复习需求|

专题04 七选五 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 (24-25高一下·河南省驻马店市新蔡县第一高级中学·期末) Holidays are a time to come together and make memories. 1 “Screens can be a barrier to true connection during the holidays,” says Hansa Bhargava, MD, an Atlanta-based pediatrician and spokesperson for the Center for Excellence in Media and Mental Health at the American Academy of Pediatrics. To help families stay in the present this holiday season, Bhargava shared her top four tips for setting healthier boundaries for screen use. ● Start with a family conversation. 1 She suggested discussing the importance of spending time together without screens. A simple conversation about why this matters can set the tone for the season. ● Agree on rules and results. Set clear expectations around when and where phones should be put away, such as during meals, family walks, or gift-opening. 2 Establishing these rules before the holidays can make it easier to enforce them later. ● Tailor guidelines by age. Younger children may need stricter boundaries, like handing over their devices during specific times. 3 Making them part of the decision-making process helps prevent power struggles. ● 4 Replace screen time with planned activities like movie nights, baking cookies, or playing board games. One recent study found that preteens who unplug for even a few days improve their ability to read emotional cues by over 30%. Keeping everyone engaged helps make screens less tempting. A．Be a role model. B．Plan interesting family activities. C．Children often mirror their parents’ behavior. D．For teenagers, expect some negotiation (协商). E．Agree on results ahead of time so there are no surprises. F．But too often, phones take over and steal the moments that matter most. G．Bhargava recommended kicking off the holidays by sitting down with your family. Passage 2 (24-25高一下·河南省三门峡市·期末) You know that the sweater in your closet doesn’t look good on you, but you never deal with it. How about that extra toaster oven you have been storing in your basement for years? Someone else may need these items. Donating feels good. 1 Here are the benefits of decluttering (清理) your homes. 2 Clutter creates chaos, which impacts your ability to focus. It also limits your brain’s ability to process information and reduces working memory. Addressing the mountains of paperwork, laundry and staying organized help to calm the mind. Improve mental health. Clutter often leads to feelings of shame and hopelessness. These feelings can heighten, making it difficult to find the motivation to address the clutter. 3 Decluttering your homes increases self-worth, creates healthy habits and boosts productivity. Create more energy and more space. Everything you own and bring into your homes takes up some of your time, energy and space. There are usually items that no longer serve you. 4 Getting rid of the things you don’t use creates more space, allowing you to focus on the important things. Declutter and donate—it’s a win-win. One reason you hold on to useless things is that you don’t know what to do with them. The answer is simple: donate. 5 A．Clear your mind. B．It’s often a cycle. C．As does living in a tidy and organized environment. D．The things you fear to get rid of end up negatively impacting your life. E．Decluttering improves not only your life, but also the life of others in need. F．A tidy home can also improve sleep, boost mood and promote relaxation. G．Staying on top of them in a cluttered home requires more time, energy and effort. 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 (24-25高一下·河南鹤壁·期末) Unfortunately, the post-work hours always seem to fly by all too quickly. Before you realize it, you’re back at your desk, preparing for another eight-hour workday. In other words, the time between work and bed is short and is often full of responsibilities and to-dos that aren’t very exciting. 1 Read the following and find out how. First, change out of your work clothes. Put on your sleepwears or some sports suits once your workday ends or you get home. This signals to your body that you’re done with work. 2 Create an after-work routine (常规). It gives you something to look forward to after a workday and helps you just wind down, so your body and your mind can rest. 3 But whatever it is like, it should reflect what you need at the end of a workday. 4 Put your cell phone in a different room, close the laptop, and hide the remote control of the TV. This will allow you to be more present with yourself, your partner and your family. Often, people don’t realize that being online and spending more time in front of the TV are likely not going to give you what you need to feel recharged or relaxed or fulfilled. Do something different. 5 To change this, you should add some newness to your weeknights. But it doesn’t have to be something big. This adds some excitement to your week and will help you feel more rewarded once the next workday comes. A．Stay away from all screens. B．Remove your work out of the way. C．It will differ from person to person. D．And it can relax you for the whole evening. E．Usually, you get home and you’re in the same routine. F．That is why it’s important to make the most of this short time. G．Either way, it can help you feel relaxed and ready for your after-work routine. Passage 2 (24-25高一下·河南信阳固始县永和高中联考·期末) Reading is a key skill that requires you to be able to identify and find proper materials, and then read them with a specific aim in mind. Thinking about the purpose of your reading can help you make a reading list more effectively. Start with a smart method. When you start reading a book, don’t just begin from the first page and read straight through. 1 These parts often summarize the main ideas. For research papers, start by reading the abstract, and then move on to the conclusion (结论) and discussion parts. 2 Focus on task requirements. If you’re reading for a task, like writing an essay or a report, always keep the task requirements in mind. 3 This will help you focus on the parts of the reading that are useful for your work. Don’t waste time on information that isn’t connected to the topic. Deal with online reading with tools. 4 Reading on a screen can be tiring and distracting (令人分心的). But there are tools to help. For example, Microsoft has a “Read Aloud” feature that can read texts for you. On your phone or tablet, there are apps like VoiceDream Reader that can make screen reading easier. 5 Finally, don’t be afraid to stop reading something if it’s not helpful. You can come back to it later. Set a time limit for each reading session and take breaks. This will help you stay focused and make the most of your reading time. With these tips, you can become a more efficient and effective reader. A．Look for a reading partner. B．Manage your reading time wisely. C．Think about what the task asks you to do. D．Nowadays, a lot of reading materials are online. E．Instead, read the introduction to and conclusion of each part. F．However, you should carefully think about it before you take action. G．This way, you can quickly understand the main points of the reading material. Passage 3 (24-25高一下·河南周口黄泛区部分学校·期末) Self-discipline (自律) is difficult to master because it can be discouraging when you have the best of intentions but tend to fall short of what you set out to do. Research shows that some conditions make it harder to be self-disciplined. For example, if you’re constantly faced with temptation (诱惑), you might give in. 1 As is known, being well-organized will help you make progress toward your goals. Luckily, there’re ways to help you build self-discipline, even if you start from nothing. 2 If you’ve been thinking about starting to be more self-disciplined, then there’s a good chance that you’ve spotted one or two areas in your life that need improvement. If not, check a typical day in your life to find areas where your self-discipline is lacking. Turn weaknesses into goals. Knowing your disadvantages in self-discipline, you can try coming up with some goals aimed at improvement with the SMART method of goal setting. 1 When you set SMART goals, you make your goals specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and time-bound. Determine your why. When you’re working toward a goal, it’s easy to become tired and lose motivation (积极性) along the way. Don’t worry and take a moment to reflect. Ask yourself what the purpose is for doing what you’re doing and what the long-term reward is. 1 Track your progress. When you’re working toward a goal, it’s normal to feel discouraged at some point. Tracking your progress can help you stay disciplined. 1 You can track progress toward your goal by coming up with milestones and checking them off as you get closer to achieving your final goal. A．Conduct a self-review. B．Remember when you set the goal. C．It’s a reminder of how far you’ve come. D．It’s important to help you stay strong and disciplined. E．Other conditions make it easier to be self-disciplined. F．It can help you get the self-discipline needed to reach your goal. G．Then, write the answer down and keep it somewhere you’ll see it often. Passage 4 (24-25高一下·河南省安阳市滑县部分学校·期末) Here are five ways to add joy to your meals and life. Count the nutrients. Some people are used to strictly tracking calories. Though this habit is useful for those managing weight, it often takes away the pleasure of enjoying food. Remember, food is not just for keeping us strong and healthy — it’s also a source of delight. 1 Listen to your intuition (直觉). Intuitive eating means truly paying attention to your body’s signals. Ask yourself: Am I truly hungry, or just bored or stressed? This practice helps you eat mindfully, instead of eating without thinking. 2 Some foods might make you feel sluggish, while others energize you. When you understand your body, you can choose foods that make you feel good. 3 The joy of a meal begins long before you sit down to eat. If you’re preparing it, enjoy every step: searching for recipes, selecting ingredients, and cooking. Afterward, set a beautiful table with nice plates — it’s like creating a small celebration for your hard work. Value family time. Family meals may sometimes be a bit messy or loud, but they’re full of warmth. Gathered around the table, you can share stories, laugh together, and capture these moments with photos. 4 It also gets everyone involved — kids can wash vegetables while parents share cooking tips. Try something new. 5 Watching cooking videos or browsing cookbooks can inspire you to try new dishes. Even if your first attempt isn’t perfect, the experimentation process is enjoyable. A．Enjoy the process. B．Find dishes and cook. C．Different foods make us feel different. D．It’s a perfect chance to try new foods together. E．It is a great time to enjoy each other’s company. F．Don’t be afraid to step out of your comfort zone in the kitchen. G．So stop focusing on calories and start noticing how food feeds you deeply. Passage 5 (24-25高一下·河南省驻马店市部分高中联考·期末) Beyond Paper: Unusual Uses of Paper Clips Paper clips (回形针) are more than just office essentials for holding papers together. Their small size, strong metal wire, and bendable nature open up a world of creative and practical uses. 1 . Firstly, paper clips can act as handy temporary tools. When your skirt hem (裙摆) is coming loose, they can be used to hold it in place for a short time, acting like pins. They can even help you restart electronics by pressing hard to reach reset buttons. 2 , a paper clip passed through the small buttonhole can replace it. They are also useful for removing small items. By unbending a paper clip, you can use its pointed ends to clear narrow drains or unblock glue bottles. Secondly, paper clips offer endless possibilities for hand-making. You can change them into unique key rings. 3 . And then decorate it with ribbons, beads, or small handmade items to make it truly unique. Another fun craft is making bookmarks. Glue buttons, or movable eyes to a super-size paper clip, and you have a stylish way to mark your page. For those interested in jewelry making, paper clips can be linked together to create necklaces or bracelets. In addition, paper clips have some other interesting uses. They can help you keep track of the end of your tape rolls. Wrapping the tape edge around a paper clip creates an easy-to-find tab (标签). 4 . If you ever find yourself locked out of an old trunk, with the right technique, two paper clips can help you open it. 5 . Next time you come across a paper clip, think beyond its traditional function and explore these creative and practical applications. A．When the button on your shirt is loose. B．If the pull on your zipper (拉链) is missing. C．Just wrap a paper clip around a marker to form the base. D．Paper clips have countless uses in spite of looking ordinary. E．It is important to choose the right size of paper clip for different tasks. F．This not only makes the tape end easy to locate but also simple to pull. G．Here are some unexpected ways to make the most of these humble tools. Passage 6 (24-25高一下·河南省商丘市·期末) If you order up coffee on a mobile app while scrolling (滚屏)your social feeds, or can’t stop watching videos and reading news articles on your phone at bedtime, listen up! 1 . So how can we get disconnected? Here are a few ways to ease up on your screen time. · 2 . Since most of us can’t turn off the Internet, take little breaks, and begin with baby steps. If you can start with 30 minutes here, or 20 minutes there, try to see if you can increase these on a weekly basis. ·Consider a digital detox (戒除). Pick one day a week to turn off your phone, except for what you need to stay in touch with others. Or choose a time, like mealtimes or after work in the evenings, to be with family or friends in person. 3 . ·Try a “boring” phone. If you’re really fed up and want to try something new, consider switching to a “boring” phone, like the old flip phones (翻盖手机)many of us used to depend on. 4 . However, scrolling is a lot less exciting. ·Pick up a new phone-free activity. 5 . Take up a relaxing hobby or make a regular date with a friend for a phone call. Try leaving your phone at home and see how you feel. The more we give ourselves permission to disconnect, the more likely those around us will follow. A．Take short breaks B．Spare yourself unnecessary meetings C．That way you still have calling and texting D．It’s worth setting new habits in your offline life E．Ask for Wi-Fi connections when you go to a coffee shop F．Promise to be fully there and focus on the moment with them G．It’s a reminder of how dependent we’ve become on our mobile phones Passage 7 (24-25高一下·河南省濮阳市·期末) In a world where most written communication is typed on computers, you may not see much of a reason to improve your handwriting. However, there are moments when you have to write by hand, and that’s when you come to realize your handwriting isn’t very good. 1 The following are some tips for you. Control your grip(握力). When you write, do it at a normal speed and mind your hold on the pen. If your nails are white from the force you’re applying, your grip is too strong, which will make your hand hurt. On top of that, pain will also affect the consistency(一致性) of your handwriting. 1 Study your writing. Take a look at your handwriting— the spacing, the lean(斜度) of your letters, their height, their form, and where they are in relation to the guidelines you used. 1 So go through your lines and underline which words and letters differ most from the rest and which could be misread. These are the elements you’ll need to focus on to improve your handwriting. Practice, practice, practice. Only repetition can get your body used to the changes you want to make to your personal handwriting. 1 This will give you the chance to sit down for a couple of minutes each day and put your growing skills to good use. Take every opportunity to write instead of typing. 2 If you’re having trouble judging your own handwriting or what exactly you need to change, there are people who will do that for you. There are many courses that can teach you how to improve your handwriting and where to start. A．Get some help. B．Admit the mistakes you have made. C．Find out the advantages of each style. D．Fortunately, you can improve your handwriting with practice. E．Check your grip every few minutes and correct it if you need to. F．A helpful way is to make your exercises part of your everyday life. G．While all these details matter, the most important things are consistency and clearness. Passage 8 (24-25高一下·河南省南阳市宛城区等2地·期末) Most of us enjoy travelling, whether we’re traveling abroad, or exploring where we live. Besides relaxation of travel, it is also a wonderful way of learning more about ourselves and strengthening our social bonds. The well-being benefits of travel are what drive us to set off. Most of us follow a routine every day. 1 Travel, whether it is a few days off, or a longer journey, is a way to relax ourselves both emotionally and mentally. Travel is a good chance to better understand ourselves. It helps us develop awareness of not only our own existence, but also our thoughts and surroundings. 2 Moreover, it teaches us what is important and what happiness means to people. Travel also teaches us the significance of communicating with others. Going for a walk with friends in the local countryside helped us realize that time in nature with loved ones is something we’d like to do. 3 To enjoy our travel, several aspects should be taken into consideration. Start by figuring out what we want to gain from the trip. 4 Additionally, consider what we’ve valued about the past trip, and whether this fits with what we want to do now. 5 That could be anything from visiting a new café and trying something on the menu, to challenging a new sport. When back home, keep in mind what we value in this trip. Sometimes, it’s the conversation we have with a local, or the experience of seeing the city from a new perspective that stays in our mind. A．The time we spend in nature brings us more friends. B．Understanding its purpose can help us plan the trip better. C．In other words, it allows us to grasp what kind of persons we are. D．The enjoyment of a day trip can last long after you are back home. E．One of the most important parts of travel is experiencing something new. F．We see the same sights and people, which leaves us feeling bored over time. G．Therefore, we are encouraged to get out more and enjoy more time with our friends. 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 (24-25高一下·河南省天立教育集团·期末) Our homes use a lot of energy every day. This energy is used for purposes like lighting, heating, cooling, and operating home electrical devices. 1 Actually, more than one-fourth of the world’s carbon dioxide—a gas that makes the Earth warmer—comes from the energy used in buildings. To protect our planet, we need to find ways to use less energy at home. Many people think they must buy new, expensive equipment to save energy. 2 Here are three easy things you can do. Open a window. When the weather is not too hot, such as in spring or at night, you don’t always need to turn on the air conditioner. Opening a window can let fresh air in and make your home feel cooler. If you open two windows on opposite sides of the room, air can flow through and make the room feel even more comfortable. 1 Use ceiling(天花板) fans. Fans don’t make the air cooler, but they move the air around, which helps people feel cooler. 1 In some areas, using fans instead of air conditioning can reduce energy use and pollution by up to 76%. If you have a fan at home, try using it more often. Make your roof reflect sunlight. 1 A dark roof absorbs heat, but a white or silver roof reflects the sunlight away. This helps your home stay cooler and reduces the need for air conditioning. You can talk to a builder about special reflective roof paint. It can help you save both energy and money in the long run, A．A light roof saves much on energy bills. B．The roof gets a lot of sunlight during the day. C．They use much less energy than air conditioners. D．Therefore, air conditioners are far from satisfactory. E．However, using too much energy can cause serious problems. F．But in fact, there are simple and low-cost ways to reduce energy use. G．This simple action can save up to 45% of cooling energy, depending on the weather. Passage 2 (24-25高一下·河南省许昌市·期末) If you lived in Antarctica, the continent which is the most southern area of land on the Earth, you’d get to experience icequakes nearly every day. What is an icequake? The name might make you think of earthquakes. 1 Both icequakes and earthquakes cause the ground to shake. They can both be measured by instruments called seismographs. The biggest difference between the two is how they’re caused. Many people already know what causes earthquakes. Icequakes, on the other hand, happen when water in the ground freezes (结冰) very quickly. When water freezes, it expands (膨胀). 2 In some cases, it can even cause cracks (裂缝) in the ground above. 3 Experts there say Earth’s coldest continent has had hundreds of thousands of them in recent years. They’ve also shared that most icequakes happen at night when temperatures drop. Why is Antarctica experiencing so many icequakes? You might imagine the very low temperatures are the cause. 4 Rising temperatures cause Antarctic ice to melt (融化). This makes water that can freeze again to cause an icequake. What does an icequake feel like? 5 Often, people don’t feel them at all. But they can usually hear an icequake. It makes a loud pop. Do icequakes only happen in Antarctica? No! They also take place in Greenland, most often near glaciers (冰川). You might also hear an icequake in Canada, as well as in the midwestern and northeastern United States. A．But earthquakes can often cause fires. B．In some ways, the two are very similar. C．Icequakes are common across Antarctica. D．Icequakes make a loud noise that’s hard to miss. E．Most of them are much weaker than earthquakes. F．But they are actually on the rise because of warmer weather. G．As groundwater becomes ice, it breaks up the soil and rocks around it. 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 (24-25高一下·河南省洛阳市·期末) If you’re a student, fan, or follower of Warren Buffett, chairman and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway, you also know that many of his success tips go far beyond investing (投资). 1 Here are four tips that really stand out. Learn to say no. Warren Buffett once said, “The difference between successful people and really successful people is that really successful people say no to almost everything.” From a self-help standpoint, if you think you’re taking on too much and you’ve been labeled a “workaholic”, 2 This piece of advice in practice may mean saying no many times to things that don’t serve you and saying yes to the few things that truly matter. Face your fears. 3 In fact, he was once terribly afraid of public speaking. That lasted until he took Dale Carnegie’s course to improve this very important business skill. Since overcoming his fear of speaking, he’s become one of the most frequently quoted speakers in the world. 4 Buffett is a firm believer in the importance of slowing down and thinking in the long run. True success comes from focusing on those steady, small, and consistent day-to-day actions that pave the way for long-term results. Surround yourself with people more successful than you. Buffett has always explained that success depends on surrounding yourself with the right people. He said, “Pick out partners whose behavior is better than yours and you’ll drift (自然进入) in that direction.” 5 A．Play the long game. B．Believe you can succeed. C．Buffett is no stranger to fear. D．Buffett’s “no” advice should hit home. E．They can help you live a more successful life. F．Good partners will give you advice in the path of success. G．This is a good life lesson about learning from successful people. Passage 2 (24-25高一下·河南省信阳市商城县观庙高中等多校联考·期末) Choosing new technology for schools can be exciting, but poor planning often leads to wasted time and money. 1 Here are three that matter most. Timeline for implementation (实施) We often plan tech adoption on a school-year cycle, starting in August or September. But that timing can backfire. Instead, the best time to begin test cases is during the spring of the year before full implementation. 1 Schools should seek companies that support multi-year plans with fair prices, starting early to lower the risk. Professional Learning New contracts often include initial training. But what happens in later years with new teachers, deeper implementation, or refresher needs? 1 If two products offer similar features, knowing which one includes long-term professional learning — and which one charges extra — can make or break a decision. Working with old systems New tools don’t work alone. Schools already have systems in place, like learning management platforms and student databases. 1 Educators and students benefit when systems are connected and simple to use. 2 By carefully considering implementation timing, ongoing training needs, and system integration, schools can turn technology investments from potential wastes into lasting educational resources. Thoughtful planning in these three areas ensures new tools truly improve teaching and learning. A．New tools must work well with those already in use. B．Not every new tool needs to interact with existing ones. C．However, poor system integration can waste teachers’ time. D．But problems can arise if certain questions aren’t considered. E．Trying out tools during spring makes full use easier in the fall. F．Some companies are generous at first but later become hard to reach. G．To avoid failure, schools should ask key questions before making a purchase. Passage 3 (24-25高一下·河南省信阳市普通高中·期末) Beware of “Relationship Black-holes” In our journey through life, relationships play a key role, acting as the foundation that supports our daily experiences. 1 . Some are like black-holes, sucking up (吸干) the energy of others. We need to be careful and focus on developing positive ones. Here are some key aspects to consider. Identify Energy Drainers (消耗者) In interpersonal relationships, there are people known as “energy drainers”. They often complain a lot, throwing all their negative emotions on those around them. 1 . When you interact with them, you will feel your energy being quickly worn out and your mood turning low. For example, a friend only talks about their own problems every time you meet and doesn’t listen to your thoughts, making you feel exhausted. Break Free from Suppressive (压抑的) Relationships There is also a type of person who is keen on suppressing others. 1 . At work, a leader always criticizes and never gives encouragement. In life, a partner constantly finds mistakes, weakening your self-confidence. This kind of suppressive relationship will make you fall into self-doubt and lose the motivation to move forward. 2 While staying away from harmful relationships, actively build a healthy relationship circle. Interact with those who can offer support, encouragement, and positive energy, such as likeminded friends and understanding, mutually-growing partners. 3 . A．Develop Self-Love in Relationships B．Build a Healthy Relationship Circle C．However, not all relationships are created equal D．In these cases, both parties take more than they give E．They show their pride by criticizing and looking down on others F．Or they are always asking for help without giving anything in return G．In these relationships, people respect each other and fill life with energy 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 (24-25高一下·河南省信阳市浉河区信阳高级中学·期末) A Clean, Green Energy Future The world’s energy demand is rising annually as countries develop and populations grow. So far, this growth has mainly relied on the use of fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas). 1 Thankfully, many countries are making the important change from fossil fuels to clean, green and renewable sources of energy. Fossil fuels emit carbon dioxide, contributing to the greenhouse effect. They’re non-renewable, with limited supplies. Renewable energy, in contrast, can be naturally replaced and therefore be consumed without the risk of using them up. 2 Solar Solar panels convert sunlight to electricity. It’s the fastest-growing renewable source, as the cost of the technology is falling. Some countries have successfully adopted this technology. Germany has the highest solar capacity in the world but China is the largest market and producer of solar technology. Hydro-power 1 Countries such as Paraguay and Norway already produce all or most of their energy from hydro-power. Most of the renewable energy in China comes from hydro-power plants, such as the Three Gorges Dam, the world’s largest power station. Wind Wind turbines are turned by the wind to produce electricity. Wind farms are on land or off shore to take advantage of more frequent and powerful winds. China may meet electricity needs from wind by 2030. Wind farms in Gansu province have an endless wind supply. Biofuel This is material made from biological sources (such as corn or grain) or waste products that is used to produce energy. It’s used in generators for electricity, or in cars and other machines. Brazil has produced and used biofuel made from sugar cane for 40 years. China is the world’s third-largest producer of biofuel. So what are the pros and cons of renewable energy? 1 However, it can face issues like lack of power when wind or sun is absent, high setup costs for solar, and land use for biofuel. Can renewables really be the future of energy? Despite the modern world’s dependence on fossil fuels, renewable energy use is increasing. Given the problems of climate change, there is no doubt that they will continue to grow. As extracting fossil fuels is becoming more difficult and expensive, the cost of renewable energy is falling. New battery technology, for example, solves the problem of bringing electricity from distant sources to cities. 2 A．It’s clean, abundant, and low-maintenance. B．This is why governments invest in wind energy research. C．The power of water turns turbines (涡轮机) to generate electricity. D．However, this reliance has led to pollution problems and climate change. E．For example, Iceland generates nearly 100% of its electricity from renewables. F．Here are the main types of renewable energy, with facts and examples from around the world. G．With our awareness of energy consumption and waste, a clean, green energy future is achievable. Passage 2 (24-25高一下·河南省南阳市·期末) Do you often replay the same conversation in your head, second-guess a decision you made, or imagine every possible worst-case situation? Overthinkingis exhausting. In this guide, we’ll go through 5 key principles that can help you break the cycle of overthinking. Challenge your thoughts 1 . When you catch yourself overthinking, ask: Is this thought true? Is it helpful? Is it important right now? Most overthinking is based on assumptions, not facts. Get in the habit of questioning your thoughts instead of blindly believing them. 2 Overthinkers often fall into the trap of endless decision-making. To combat this, set a deadline for even small choices. Whether it’s picking a restaurant or finalising a project, giving yourself a time limit keeps you moving forward instead of getting stuck in a circle. Focus on what you can control So much of our mental energy gets wasted on “what ifs” we can’t control. Instead, focus on what you can control. Make a list of actions you can take, however small, and commit to focusing only on those. Worrying changes nothing. 1 . Accept that perfection is a myth A huge driver of overthinking is the unrealistic desire to make the “perfect” choice. 1 Every decision carries some risk, and that’s okay. Remind yourself: Done is better than perfect. Progress beats perfection every single time. Schedule “worry time” Instead of fighting every anxious thought, worry, but only during a set time. For example, set aside 15 minutes in the evening to write down your worries. When anxious thoughts appear during other times, gently remind yourself to “save it for later.” 1 A．Stay mindful and present B．Limit decision-making time C．Not every thought you have deserves your trust D．But here’s a truth bomb: perfection doesn’t exist E．Doing something, even a tiny action, changes everything F．Set reminders or motivational quotes on your phone to avoid overthinking G．This simple trick prevents random worrying from taking up your entire day Passage 3 (24-25高一下·河南省开封市·期末) One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much. 1 There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication, whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if the message doesn’t come across clearly. Being clear and brief — while maintaining interest and including everything your listeners need to know — is a high-level communication skill. Here are some tips worth following in order to communicate more effectively. Keep your audience in mind. Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their interests. 1 This will engage their desire to understand and interact with the information. Don’t use ten words when one will do. Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand. 1 However, they’re hearing it for the first time. Keep it simple. 2 If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others. Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication skills. Consider the best method to deliver your message. If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. Written communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions. 1       Building effective communication skills takes time, but the effects are worth the effort. A．Be patient. B．Get the audience involved. C．The best messages are often simple. D．Speak directly to what matters to them. E．You may be surprised by what your listeners offer. F．It will also give them a handy record to refer back to. G．As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 七选五 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 (24-25高一下·河南省驻马店市新蔡县第一高级中学·期末) Holidays are a time to come together and make memories. 1 “Screens can be a barrier to true connection during the holidays,” says Hansa Bhargava, MD, an Atlanta-based pediatrician and spokesperson for the Center for Excellence in Media and Mental Health at the American Academy of Pediatrics. To help families stay in the present this holiday season, Bhargava shared her top four tips for setting healthier boundaries for screen use. ● Start with a family conversation. 1 She suggested discussing the importance of spending time together without screens. A simple conversation about why this matters can set the tone for the season. ● Agree on rules and results. Set clear expectations around when and where phones should be put away, such as during meals, family walks, or gift-opening. 2 Establishing these rules before the holidays can make it easier to enforce them later. ● Tailor guidelines by age. Younger children may need stricter boundaries, like handing over their devices during specific times. 3 Making them part of the decision-making process helps prevent power struggles. ● 4 Replace screen time with planned activities like movie nights, baking cookies, or playing board games. One recent study found that preteens who unplug for even a few days improve their ability to read emotional cues by over 30%. Keeping everyone engaged helps make screens less tempting. A．Be a role model. B．Plan interesting family activities. C．Children often mirror their parents’ behavior. D．For teenagers, expect some negotiation (协商). E．Agree on results ahead of time so there are no surprises. F．But too often, phones take over and steal the moments that matter most. G．Bhargava recommended kicking off the holidays by sitting down with your family. 【答案】1．F 2．G 3．E 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了假期中屏幕使用成为家庭联结的障碍，以及儿科医生Bhargava提出的四条健康使用屏幕的建议。 1．由上文“Holidays are a time to come together and make memories. (假期是团聚和创造回忆的时刻)”及下文““Screens can be a barrier to true connection during the holidays,” says Hansa Bhargava, MD, an Atlanta-based pediatrician and spokesperson for the Center for Excellence in Media and Mental Health at the American Academy of Pediatrics. (“在假期里，屏幕可能会成为真正交流的障碍，”亚特兰大儿科医生、美国儿科学会媒体与心理健康卓越中心发言人汉萨·巴尔加瓦博士说)”可知，上文提到假期是团聚的时刻，下文则指出屏幕可能成为交流的障碍，F选项“但很多时候，手机会占据主导地位，偷走那些最重要的时刻”承上启下，说明手机等屏幕设备常常会占据假期时光，偷走重要的时刻，符合语境。故选F。 2．由上文“Start with a family conversation. (从家庭对话开始)”及下文“She suggested discussing the importance of spending time together without screens. (她建议讨论一下不使用屏幕一起度过时光的重要性)”可知，上文提到从家庭对话开始，下文则具体说明要讨论的内容，G选项“巴尔加瓦建议，假期开始时，和家人坐下来聊聊”说明如何开始这次家庭对话，且Bhargava与下文中的She相呼应，符合语境。故选G。 3．由上文“Agree on rules and results. Set clear expectations around when and where phone s should be put away, such as during meals, family walks, or gift-opening. (就规则和结果达成一致。明确在何时何地应该把手机收起来，比如吃饭时、家庭散步时或拆礼物时)”及下文“Establishing these rules before the holidays can make it easier to enforce them later. (在假期前制定这些规则，可以方便以后执行)”可知，上文提到要就规则和结果达成一致，下文则说明提前制定规则的好处。E选项“提前就结果达成一致，这样就不会出现意外”与上文中的Agree on rules and results相呼应，说明要提前就结果达成一致，符合语境。故选E。 4．由上文“Tailor guidelines by age. Younger children may need stricter boundaries, like handing over their devices during specific times. (根据年龄调整指导方针。年幼的孩子可能需要更严格的界限，比如在特定的时间交出他们的设备)”及下文“Making them part of the decision-making process helps prevent power struggles. (让他们参与决策过程有助于避免权力斗争)”可知，上文提到要根据年龄调整指导方针，年幼的孩子需要更严格的界限，下文则说明让青少年参与决策过程的好处，D选项“对于青少年，可以预期会有一些协商”与上文中的Younger children形成对比，说明对青少年的不同做法，符合语境。故选D。 5．由下文“Replace screen time with planned activities like movie nights, baking cookies, or playing board games. (用有计划的活动代替屏幕时间，比如电影之夜、烤饼干或玩棋盘游戏)”可知，本段主要讲的是用有趣的活动来代替屏幕时间，B选项“计划有趣的家庭活动”符合语境，且作为段落标题，概括了本段主旨。故选B。 Passage 2 (24-25高一下·河南省三门峡市·期末) You know that the sweater in your closet doesn’t look good on you, but you never deal with it. How about that extra toaster oven you have been storing in your basement for years? Someone else may need these items. Donating feels good. 1 Here are the benefits of decluttering (清理) your homes. 2 Clutter creates chaos, which impacts your ability to focus. It also limits your brain’s ability to process information and reduces working memory. Addressing the mountains of paperwork, laundry and staying organized help to calm the mind. Improve mental health. Clutter often leads to feelings of shame and hopelessness. These feelings can heighten, making it difficult to find the motivation to address the clutter. 3 Decluttering your homes increases self-worth, creates healthy habits and boosts productivity. Create more energy and more space. Everything you own and bring into your homes takes up some of your time, energy and space. There are usually items that no longer serve you. 4 Getting rid of the things you don’t use creates more space, allowing you to focus on the important things. Declutter and donate—it’s a win-win. One reason you hold on to useless things is that you don’t know what to do with them. The answer is simple: donate. 5 A．Clear your mind. B．It’s often a cycle. C．As does living in a tidy and organized environment. D．The things you fear to get rid of end up negatively impacting your life. E．Decluttering improves not only your life, but also the life of others in need. F．A tidy home can also improve sleep, boost mood and promote relaxation. G．Staying on top of them in a cluttered home requires more time, energy and effort. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．G 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了清理家中杂物的好处，包括有助于清空大脑、改善心理健康、创造更多能量和空间，以及通过捐赠实现双赢等。 1．上文“How about that extra toaster oven you have been storing in your basement for years? Someone else may need these items. Donating feels good.(你那多年来一直存放在地下室的那台额外的烤箱怎么样了？也许其他人会需要这些东西。进行捐赠的感觉真不错。)”提到捐赠旧物的感觉很好，下文“Here are the benefits of decluttering (清理) your homes.(以下是清理家居所带来的好处。)”则列出了清理家居的好处。C选项“As does living in a tidy and organized environment.(生活在一个整洁有序的环境中也是如此)”中的“as does”表示“也正如……一样”，起到了承上启下的作用，既回应了上文捐赠旧物带来的正面感受，也引出了下文关于清理家居的好处。故选C。 2．后文“Clutter creates chaos, which impacts your ability to focus. It also limits your brain’s ability to process information and reduces working memory. (杂乱造成混乱，影响你的专注能力。它还限制了大脑处理信息的能力并降低了工作记忆。)”强调了杂乱对心理的负面影响。A选项“Clear your mind.(清空你的大脑)”作为段首句，直接点明了本段的主题，即清理家居有助于清空杂念，提高专注力。故选A。 3．上文“Clutter often leads to feelings of shame and hopelessness. These feelings can heighten, making it difficult to find the motivation to address the clutter. (杂物堆积往往会导致羞愧和绝望的情绪。这些情绪会愈发强烈，从而使人难以产生清理杂物的动力。)”提到杂乱常常导致羞耻感和绝望感，这些感受会加剧，使人难以找到解决杂乱的动机。B选项“It’s often a cycle.(这往往是一个循环)”中的“cycle”指的是一种反复出现的情况或模式，这里指的是杂乱带来的负面情绪会形成一个恶性循环，与上文的内容相呼应，同时引出了下文关于清理家居能够打破这个循环，改善心理健康的内容。因此B选项符合题意。故选B。 4．上文提到“Everything you own and bring into your homes takes up some of your time, energy and space. There are usually items that no longer serve you. (你拥有的和带进家的每一样东西都会占用你的时间、精力和空间。通常有一些东西不再对你有用。)”强调了无用物品的负面影响。G选项“Staying on top of them in a cluttered home requires more time, energy and effort.(在杂乱的家中有条不紊地管理它们需要更多的时间、精力和努力。)”中的“them”指的是上文提到的“不再需要的东西”，而“requires more time, energy and effort”则与下文的“creates more space”形成了对比，突出了扔掉不用东西的好处，进一步说明无用物品带来的负担。故选G。 5．上文提到“Declutter and donate — it’s a win-win. One reason you hold on to useless things is that you don’t know what to do with them. The answer is simple: donate.(清理和捐赠——这是双赢。你保留无用物品的一个原因是不知道如何处理它们。答案是简单的：捐赠。)”强调了捐赠无用之物是一个简单的解决办法。E选项“Decluttering improves not only your life, but also the life of others in need.(清理不仅改善你的生活，也改善有需要的人的生活。)”直接点明了捐赠无用之物的好处，即既改善了自己的生活空间，也帮助了有需要的人，与上文的内容相呼应，同时也符合本段的主题：清理并捐赠——这是一个双赢的选择，因此E选项符合题意。故选E。 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 (24-25高一下·河南鹤壁·期末) Unfortunately, the post-work hours always seem to fly by all too quickly. Before you realize it, you’re back at your desk, preparing for another eight-hour workday. In other words, the time between work and bed is short and is often full of responsibilities and to-dos that aren’t very exciting. 1 Read the following and find out how. First, change out of your work clothes. Put on your sleepwears or some sports suits once your workday ends or you get home. This signals to your body that you’re done with work. 2 Create an after-work routine (常规). It gives you something to look forward to after a workday and helps you just wind down, so your body and your mind can rest. 3 But whatever it is like, it should reflect what you need at the end of a workday. 4 Put your cell phone in a different room, close the laptop, and hide the remote control of the TV. This will allow you to be more present with yourself, your partner and your family. Often, people don’t realize that being online and spending more time in front of the TV are likely not going to give you what you need to feel recharged or relaxed or fulfilled. Do something different. 5 To change this, you should add some newness to your weeknights. But it doesn’t have to be something big. This adds some excitement to your week and will help you feel more rewarded once the next workday comes. A．Stay away from all screens. B．Remove your work out of the way. C．It will differ from person to person. D．And it can relax you for the whole evening. E．Usually, you get home and you’re in the same routine. F．That is why it’s important to make the most of this short time. G．Either way, it can help you feel relaxed and ready for your after-work routine. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了一些下班后自我放松的简单方法。 1．前文“In other words, the time between work and bed is short and is often full of responsibilities and to-dos that aren’t very exciting.(换句话说，工作和睡觉之间的时间很短，经常充满了不太令人兴奋的责任和任务)”提到下班后的时间短暂且充满琐事；F项“这就是为什么充分利用这段短暂时间很重要”承接上文所阐述的问题，引出下文解决方案“Read the following and find out how.(阅读下面的内容，弄明白如何去做)”，符合语境。故选F。 2．根据“First, change out of your work clothes.(首先，换掉工作穿的衣服)”可知，本段建议下班后换衣服，空格前“This signals to your body that you’re done with work.(这向你的身体发出信号，你已经完成了工作)”强调“向身体发出工作结束的信号”。D项“它能让你整个晚上放松”进一步说明换衣服的作用，与前文“signals to your body”形成因果关系。故选D。 3．根据“Create an after-work routine (常规).(创建一个下班后的常规)”可知，本店强调“创建一个下班后的常规”，后文“But whatever it is like, it should reflect what you need at the end of a workday.(但无论它是什么，它都应该反映出你在工作日结束时需要什么)”指出应根据自己的需求创建适合自己的下班常规。C项“它因人而异”衔接上下文，说明常规反应个人需求，具有多样性，与后文“whatever it is like”呼应。故选C。 4．根据空后“Put your cell phone in a different room, close the laptop, and hide the remote control of the TV.(把手机放在另一个房间，关上笔记本电脑，把电视遥控器藏起来)”可知，本段建议“将手机、笔记本电脑、电视遥控器收起来”，核心是远离电子设备。A项“远离所有屏幕”概括段落主旨，且“screens”与后文“cell phone”、“laptop”、“TV”对应。故选A。 5．根据前文“Do something different.(做些不同的事情)”以及后文“To change this, you should add some newness to your weeknights.(为了改变这种情况，你应该在工作日的晚上增加一些新鲜事物)”可知，设空处阐述了需要做出改变的一成不变的状况；E项“通常你回家后会陷入相同的日常”揭示现状的重复性，与“Do something different.”形成对比。故选E。 Passage 2 (24-25高一下·河南信阳固始县永和高中联考·期末) Reading is a key skill that requires you to be able to identify and find proper materials, and then read them with a specific aim in mind. Thinking about the purpose of your reading can help you make a reading list more effectively. Start with a smart method. When you start reading a book, don’t just begin from the first page and read straight through. 1 These parts often summarize the main ideas. For research papers, start by reading the abstract, and then move on to the conclusion (结论) and discussion parts. 2 Focus on task requirements. If you’re reading for a task, like writing an essay or a report, always keep the task requirements in mind. 3 This will help you focus on the parts of the reading that are useful for your work. Don’t waste time on information that isn’t connected to the topic. Deal with online reading with tools. 4 Reading on a screen can be tiring and distracting (令人分心的). But there are tools to help. For example, Microsoft has a “Read Aloud” feature that can read texts for you. On your phone or tablet, there are apps like VoiceDream Reader that can make screen reading easier. 5 Finally, don’t be afraid to stop reading something if it’s not helpful. You can come back to it later. Set a time limit for each reading session and take breaks. This will help you stay focused and make the most of your reading time. With these tips, you can become a more efficient and effective reader. A．Look for a reading partner. B．Manage your reading time wisely. C．Think about what the task asks you to do. D．Nowadays, a lot of reading materials are online. E．Instead, read the introduction to and conclusion of each part. F．However, you should carefully think about it before you take action. G．This way, you can quickly understand the main points of the reading material. 【答案】1．E 2．G 3．C 4．D 5．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章给出提升阅读效率的建议：用聪明方法开篇，关注任务要求，借工具处理在线阅读，合理管理阅读时间。 1．根据前文“When you start reading a book, don’t just begin from the first page and read straight through.( 开始读一本书时，不要只是从第一页开始一直读下去。)”提到开始读书时不要从第一页直接通读，E选项“Instead, read the introduction to and conclusion of each part.( 相反，阅读每个部分的引言和结论。)”与前文形成转折关系，且“introduction”和“conclusion”与后文“These parts often summarize the main ideas.( 这些部分通常总结了主要观点。)”中的“These parts”相呼应，符合语境。故选E项。 2．根据前文“For research papers, start by reading the abstract, and then move on to the conclusion (结论) and discussion parts.( 对于研究论文，从阅读摘要开始，然后进入结论和讨论部分。)”指出对于研究论文，先读摘要，再读结论和讨论部分，G选项“This way, you can quickly understand the main points of the reading material.( 通过这种方式，你可以快速理解阅读材料的要点。)”说明了这样做的好处，承接上文，逻辑连贯。故选G项。 3．本段主题是“Focus on task requirements.( 关注任务要求。)”C选项“Think about what the task asks you to do.( 思考任务要求你做什么。)”与主题呼应，且后文“This will help you focus on the parts of the reading that are useful for your work.( 这将帮助你专注于阅读中对工作有用的部分。)”中的“This”指代该选项内容，符合语境。故选C项。 4．本段主题是“Deal with online reading with tools.( 用工具处理在线阅读。)”D选项 “Nowadays, a lot of reading materials are online.( 如今，很多阅读材料都在网上。)”引出在线阅读这一话题，为后文介绍相关工具做铺垫，符合逻辑。故选D项。 5．根据后文“Set a time limit for each reading session and take breaks. This will help you stay focused and make the most of your reading time.( 为每次阅读设置时间限制并休息。这将帮助你保持专注并充分利用阅读时间。)”讲的是为每次阅读设置时间限制并休息。B选项“Manage your reading time wisely.( 明智地管理你的阅读时间。)”能够概括这部分内容，适合作为本段主题句。故选B项。 Passage 3 (24-25高一下·河南周口黄泛区部分学校·期末) Self-discipline (自律) is difficult to master because it can be discouraging when you have the best of intentions but tend to fall short of what you set out to do. Research shows that some conditions make it harder to be self-disciplined. For example, if you’re constantly faced with temptation (诱惑), you might give in. 1 As is known, being well-organized will help you make progress toward your goals. Luckily, there’re ways to help you build self-discipline, even if you start from nothing. 2 If you’ve been thinking about starting to be more self-disciplined, then there’s a good chance that you’ve spotted one or two areas in your life that need improvement. If not, check a typical day in your life to find areas where your self-discipline is lacking. Turn weaknesses into goals. Knowing your disadvantages in self-discipline, you can try coming up with some goals aimed at improvement with the SMART method of goal setting. 1 When you set SMART goals, you make your goals specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and time-bound. Determine your why. When you’re working toward a goal, it’s easy to become tired and lose motivation (积极性) along the way. Don’t worry and take a moment to reflect. Ask yourself what the purpose is for doing what you’re doing and what the long-term reward is. 1 Track your progress. When you’re working toward a goal, it’s normal to feel discouraged at some point. Tracking your progress can help you stay disciplined. 1 You can track progress toward your goal by coming up with milestones and checking them off as you get closer to achieving your final goal. A．Conduct a self-review. B．Remember when you set the goal. C．It’s a reminder of how far you’ve come. D．It’s important to help you stay strong and disciplined. E．Other conditions make it easier to be self-disciplined. F．It can help you get the self-discipline needed to reach your goal. G．Then, write the answer down and keep it somewhere you’ll see it often. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．F 4．G 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何培养自律。 1．由上文“Research shows that some conditions make it harder to be self-disciplined. For example, if you’re constantly faced with temptation, you might give in.(研究表明，某些条件会让自律更难。例如，如果你不断面临诱惑，可能会屈服)”及下文“As is known, being well-organized will help you make progress toward your goals.(众所周知，井井有条会帮助你朝着目标前进)” 可知，此处需衔接“困难条件”与“容易条件”的对比。E项“Other conditions make it easier to be self-disciplined.(其他条件让自律更容易)”中“Other conditions”与上文“some conditions”形成并列，“easier” 与 “harder” 呼应，引出下文“well-organized”的具体例子，符合逻辑。故选E项。 2．由下文“If you’ve been thinking about starting to be more self-disciplined, then there’s a good chance that you’ve spotted one or two areas in your life that need improvement. If not, check a typical day in your life to find areas where your self-discipline is lacking.(如果你一直在考虑开始更加自律，那么很有可能你已经发现了生活中需要改进的一两个方面。如果没有，检查一下你生活中典型的一天，找出你缺乏自律的地方)”可知，此处需概括段落主题。A项“Conduct a self-review.(进行自我评估)”中“self-review”与下文“find areas where your self-discipline is lacking(发现自律不足的领域)”对应，属于“总述→分述”的结构，符合段落主旨。故选A 项。 3．由上文“Knowing your disadvantages in self-discipline, you can try coming up with some goals aimed at improvement with the SMART method of goal setting.(了解你在自律方面的缺点，你可以试着用SMART设定目标的方法来制定一些旨在改进的目标)”及下文“When you set SMART goals, you make your goals specific, measurable, attainable, realistic, and time-bound.(当你设定聪明的目标时，你的目标是具体的，可衡量的，可实现的，现实的，有时间限制的)”可知，此处需说明SMART方法的作用。F项“It can help you get the self-discipline needed to reach your goal.(它能帮助你获得达到目标所需的自律)”中It指代“SMART method”，“help you get self-discipline”与上文“aimed at improvement”形成因果关系，符合逻辑。故选F项。 4．由上文“Ask yourself what the purpose is for doing what you’re doing and what the long-term reward is.(问自己做这件事的目的是什么，以及长期回报是什么)”可知，此处需衔接反思后的具体行动。G项“Then, write the answer down and keep it somewhere you’ll see it often.(然后，把答案写下来，放在你经常能看到的地方)”中“write the answer down” 是对“ask yourself”的延续，符合逻辑。故选G项。 5．由上文“Tracking your progress can help you stay disciplined.(跟踪进展能帮助你保持自律)”及下文“You can track progress toward your goal by coming up with milestones and checking them off as you get closer to achieving your final goal.(你可以通过设定里程碑来跟踪目标的进展，并在接近最终目标时检查它们)”可知，此处需解释跟踪进展的意义。C项“It’s a reminder of how far you’ve come.(它能提醒你已经走了多远)”中“It”指代“Tracking your progress”，“reminder of how far you’ve come”与下文“milestones(里程碑)”呼应，说明跟踪进展的激励作用。故选C项。 Passage 4 (24-25高一下·河南省安阳市滑县部分学校·期末) Here are five ways to add joy to your meals and life. Count the nutrients. Some people are used to strictly tracking calories. Though this habit is useful for those managing weight, it often takes away the pleasure of enjoying food. Remember, food is not just for keeping us strong and healthy — it’s also a source of delight. 1 Listen to your intuition (直觉). Intuitive eating means truly paying attention to your body’s signals. Ask yourself: Am I truly hungry, or just bored or stressed? This practice helps you eat mindfully, instead of eating without thinking. 2 Some foods might make you feel sluggish, while others energize you. When you understand your body, you can choose foods that make you feel good. 3 The joy of a meal begins long before you sit down to eat. If you’re preparing it, enjoy every step: searching for recipes, selecting ingredients, and cooking. Afterward, set a beautiful table with nice plates — it’s like creating a small celebration for your hard work. Value family time. Family meals may sometimes be a bit messy or loud, but they’re full of warmth. Gathered around the table, you can share stories, laugh together, and capture these moments with photos. 4 It also gets everyone involved — kids can wash vegetables while parents share cooking tips. Try something new. 5 Watching cooking videos or browsing cookbooks can inspire you to try new dishes. Even if your first attempt isn’t perfect, the experimentation process is enjoyable. A．Enjoy the process. B．Find dishes and cook. C．Different foods make us feel different. D．It’s a perfect chance to try new foods together. E．It is a great time to enjoy each other’s company. F．Don’t be afraid to step out of your comfort zone in the kitchen. G．So stop focusing on calories and start noticing how food feeds you deeply. 【答案】1．G 2．C 3．A 4．E 5．F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍五种为饮食和生活增添快乐的方法：关注营养而非热量、倾听身体直觉、享受烹饪过程、重视家庭用餐时光、尝试新菜式。 1．根据上文“Some people are used to strictly tracking calories. Though this habit is useful for those managing weight, it often takes away the pleasure of enjoying food.(有些人习惯严格控制摄入的卡路里。虽然这种习惯对于那些正在努力控制体重的人来说很有帮助，但它往往会剥夺享受美食的乐趣)”可知，空前指出“严格追踪卡路里”虽有助于管理体重，但剥夺了享受食物的乐趣，并强调食物是愉悦的来源。G 选项“因此，停止关注卡路里，开始关注食物如何深度滋养你”承接上文，通过“So”引出结论，呼应“food is also a source of delight”，建议从关注热量转向关注食物带来的深层满足。故选G。 2．根据上文“Intuitive eating means truly paying attention to your body’s signals. Ask yourself: Am I truly hungry, or just bored or stressed? This practice helps you eat mindfully, instead of eating without thinking.(“直觉饮食法”意味着要真正关注身体发出的信号。问问自己：我真的是饿了，还是只是感到无聊或压力大？这种做法能帮助你有意识地进食，而不是毫无思考地乱吃)”可知，空前提到“直觉饮食”需关注身体信号，空后对比“有些食物让人反应迟缓，有些让人充满活力”。C选项“不同食物给我们不同感受”作为过渡句，既承接“身体信号”的话题，又引出后文对食物影响的具体描述，“feel different”与后文“sluggish”“energize”直接呼应。故选C。 3．根据本段内容“The joy of a meal begins long before you sit down to eat. If you’re preparing it, enjoy every step: searching for recipes, selecting ingredients, and cooking. Afterward, set a beautiful table with nice plates — it’s like creating a small celebration for your hard work.(一顿美餐带来的愉悦感早在你坐下来用餐之前就已经开始了。如果你正在准备这顿饭，那么就尽情享受每一个环节吧：寻找食谱、挑选食材以及烹饪。之后，用漂亮的餐具布置一个精美的餐桌——这就像为自己的辛勤付出举办一场小小的庆祝活动一样)”可知，本段围绕“享受烹饪的每一步”展开：准备食材、烹饪、布置餐桌，强调“用餐的愉悦始于餐前准备”。A选项“享受过程”作为小标题，精准概括段落核心——享受从备餐到用餐的整个过程，且与其他段落标题保持一致。故选A。 4．根据上文“Family meals may sometimes be a bit messy or loud, but they’re full of warmth. Gathered around the table, you can share stories, laugh together, and capture these moments with photos.(家庭聚餐有时可能会有些杂乱或喧闹，但其中充满了温馨。围坐在餐桌旁，大家可以分享故事、一起欢笑，并用照片记录下这些美好的时刻)”可知，空前描述家庭用餐时“分享故事、欢笑、拍照”的温馨场景，空后补充“孩子洗菜、父母分享烹饪技巧”的互动细节。E选项“这是享受彼此陪伴的绝佳时刻”总结家庭用餐的核心价值,“It”指代前文“Family meals”，“enjoy each other’s company”涵盖“分享、互动”的情感，与前后文形成“总—分”关系。故选E。 5．本段标题“Try something new(尝试新事物)”强调尝试新事物，后文“Watching cooking videos or browsing cookbooks can inspire you to try new dishes.(观看烹饪视频或浏览烹饪书籍能够激发你尝试新菜品的欲望)”提到“看烹饪视频、浏览食谱、尝试新菜式”。F选项“不要害怕在厨房走出舒适区”呼应“尝试新事物”的主题，“step out of your comfort zone”具体解释“new”的含义，且“kitchen”与“cooking”“dishes”形成场景关联。故选F。 Passage 5 (24-25高一下·河南省驻马店市部分高中联考·期末) Beyond Paper: Unusual Uses of Paper Clips Paper clips (回形针) are more than just office essentials for holding papers together. Their small size, strong metal wire, and bendable nature open up a world of creative and practical uses. 1 . Firstly, paper clips can act as handy temporary tools. When your skirt hem (裙摆) is coming loose, they can be used to hold it in place for a short time, acting like pins. They can even help you restart electronics by pressing hard to reach reset buttons. 2 , a paper clip passed through the small buttonhole can replace it. They are also useful for removing small items. By unbending a paper clip, you can use its pointed ends to clear narrow drains or unblock glue bottles. Secondly, paper clips offer endless possibilities for hand-making. You can change them into unique key rings. 3 . And then decorate it with ribbons, beads, or small handmade items to make it truly unique. Another fun craft is making bookmarks. Glue buttons, or movable eyes to a super-size paper clip, and you have a stylish way to mark your page. For those interested in jewelry making, paper clips can be linked together to create necklaces or bracelets. In addition, paper clips have some other interesting uses. They can help you keep track of the end of your tape rolls. Wrapping the tape edge around a paper clip creates an easy-to-find tab (标签). 4 . If you ever find yourself locked out of an old trunk, with the right technique, two paper clips can help you open it. 5 . Next time you come across a paper clip, think beyond its traditional function and explore these creative and practical applications. A．When the button on your shirt is loose. B．If the pull on your zipper (拉链) is missing. C．Just wrap a paper clip around a marker to form the base. D．Paper clips have countless uses in spite of looking ordinary. E．It is important to choose the right size of paper clip for different tasks. F．This not only makes the tape end easy to locate but also simple to pull. G．Here are some unexpected ways to make the most of these humble tools. 【答案】1．G 2．B 3．C 4．F 5．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了回形针的一些不寻常用途。 1．根据前文“Paper clips (回形针) are more than just office essentials for holding papers together. Their small size, strong metal wire, and bendable nature open up a world of creative and practical uses. (回形针不仅仅是办公室里用来夹文件的必需品。他们的小尺寸，坚固的金属线，和可弯曲的性质开辟了一个创造性和实用的世界。)”提到回形针除了夹纸还有很多创意和实用用途，G 选项“Here are some unexpected ways to make the most of these humble tools. ( 以下是一些充分利用这些不起眼工具的意想不到的方法。)”起到引出下文具体用途的作用，衔接自然。故选G项。 2．该段句首“Firstly, paper clips can act as handy temporary tools. (首先，回形针可以作为方便的临时工具。)”可知本段讲回形针作为临时工具的用途，以及前文“When your skirt hem (裙摆) is coming loose, they can be used to hold it in place for a short time, acting like pins.( 当你的裙子下摆松动时，它们可以用来固定它一段时间，就像大头针一样。)”提到固定裙摆、按复位键，后文“a paper clip passed through the small buttonhole can replace it. (用回形针穿过小扣眼即可更换。)”说穿过扣眼代替它，B选项“If the pull on your zipper (拉链) is missing. (如果拉链的拉头掉了。)”符合语境，说明回形针可代替拉链拉头，与前后文的工具用途呼应。故选B项。 3．根据上文“Secondly, paper clips offer endless possibilities for hand-making. You can change them into unique key rings. (其次，回形针为手工制作提供了无限的可能性。你可以把它们变成独一无二的钥匙扣。)”此段围绕回形针的手工制作展开，提到可以做成独特的钥匙扣，C 选项“Just wrap a paper clip around a marker to form the base. (只需把回形针绕在记号笔上形成底座。)”是制作钥匙扣的具体步骤，衔接合理。故选C项。 4．根据前文“Wrapping the tape edge around a paper clip creates an easy-to-find tab (标签). ( 将胶带的边缘缠绕在回形针上，可以创建一个易于查找的标签。)”说用回形针固定胶带末端形成易找的标签，F选项“This not only makes the tape end easy to locate but also simple to pull. (这不仅让胶带末端容易找到，还便于拉开。)”进一步说明这种做法的好处，符合逻辑。故选F项。 5．由该空位于最后一段首句可知，为总结全文，D 选项“Paper clips have countless uses in spite of looking ordinary. (回形针虽然看起来普通，但有无数用途。)”概括了全文主旨，且与后文“Next time you come across a paper clip, think beyond its traditional function and explore these creative and practical applications. ( 次你遇到回形针时，想想它的传统功能之外，探索一下这些创造性的和实际的应用。)”鼓励探索其更多用途相呼应。故选D项。 Passage 6 (24-25高一下·河南省商丘市·期末) If you order up coffee on a mobile app while scrolling (滚屏)your social feeds, or can’t stop watching videos and reading news articles on your phone at bedtime, listen up! 1 . So how can we get disconnected? Here are a few ways to ease up on your screen time. · 2 . Since most of us can’t turn off the Internet, take little breaks, and begin with baby steps. If you can start with 30 minutes here, or 20 minutes there, try to see if you can increase these on a weekly basis. ·Consider a digital detox (戒除). Pick one day a week to turn off your phone, except for what you need to stay in touch with others. Or choose a time, like mealtimes or after work in the evenings, to be with family or friends in person. 3 . ·Try a “boring” phone. If you’re really fed up and want to try something new, consider switching to a “boring” phone, like the old flip phones (翻盖手机)many of us used to depend on. 4 . However, scrolling is a lot less exciting. ·Pick up a new phone-free activity. 5 . Take up a relaxing hobby or make a regular date with a friend for a phone call. Try leaving your phone at home and see how you feel. The more we give ourselves permission to disconnect, the more likely those around us will follow. A．Take short breaks B．Spare yourself unnecessary meetings C．That way you still have calling and texting D．It’s worth setting new habits in your offline life E．Ask for Wi-Fi connections when you go to a coffee shop F．Promise to be fully there and focus on the moment with them G．It’s a reminder of how dependent we’ve become on our mobile phones 【答案】1．G 2．A 3．F 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了减少看屏幕时间的几种方法。 1．根据上文“If you order up coffee on a mobile app while scrolling (滚屏) your social feeds, or can’t stop watching videos and reading news articles on your phone at bedtime, listen up!(如果你一边在手机应用上下单咖啡，一边在社交平台上刷动态，或者在睡前不停地在手机上看视频、读新闻文章，请注意了！)” 可知，选项承接前文过度使用手机的行为，说明前文行为体现了对手机的高度依赖。故G选项“这提醒着我们对手机的依赖程度有多高” 符合语境，故选G。 2．根据下文“Since most of us can’t turn off the Internet, take little breaks, and begin with baby steps. If you can start with 30 minutes here, or 20 minutes there, try to see if you can increase these on a weekly basis.(由于我们大多数人不能关闭网络，那就进行短暂休息，从小事做起。如果你能在这里开始休息30分钟，或者在那里休息20分钟，试着看看是否能每周增加时长)” 可知，本段主要在说要休息。A选项“进行短暂休息” 符合语境，作为小标题概括该段内容，故选A。 3．根据上文“Pick one day a week to turn off your phone, except for what you need to stay in touch with others. Or choose a time, like mealtimes or after work in the evenings, to be with family or friends in person.(每周选一天关闭手机，除了用于与他人保持联系的必要功能。或者选择像用餐时间或下班后晚上的时间，亲自与家人或朋友相处)”可知，选项承接前文与家人朋友相处的内容，说明在这些时间要专注与他们在一起，而不是依赖手机。故F选项“承诺全身心投入，专注与他们共度当下” 符合语境。故选F。 4．根据上文“·Try a “boring” phone. If you’re really fed up and want to try something new, consider switching to a “boring” phone, like the old flip phones (翻盖手机) many of us used to depend on.(尝试一部“乏味”的手机。如果你真的受够了，想尝试新东西，可以考虑换成一部“乏味”的手机，比如我们很多人过去常用的翻盖手机)” 及下文 “However, scrolling is a lot less exciting.(然而，滚动屏幕就没那么令人兴奋了)” 可知，选项承上启下，说明翻盖手机虽然功能相对简单，但基本的通讯功能具备，引出后文其滚动屏幕不令人兴奋，从而减少对手机的依赖。 故C选项“这样你仍然可以打电话和发短信” 符合语境，故选C。 5．根据下文 “Take up a relaxing hobby or make a regular date with a friend for a phone call. Try leaving your phone at home and see how you feel.(培养一种放松的爱好，或者定期与朋友打电话。试着把手机留在家里，看看你的感受)”可知，选项引出后文关于培养无手机新活动，即线下新习惯的具体做法。D选项“在你的线下生活中养成新习惯是值得的” 符合语境，故选D。 Passage 7 (24-25高一下·河南省濮阳市·期末) In a world where most written communication is typed on computers, you may not see much of a reason to improve your handwriting. However, there are moments when you have to write by hand, and that’s when you come to realize your handwriting isn’t very good. 1 The following are some tips for you. Control your grip(握力). When you write, do it at a normal speed and mind your hold on the pen. If your nails are white from the force you’re applying, your grip is too strong, which will make your hand hurt. On top of that, pain will also affect the consistency(一致性) of your handwriting. 1 Study your writing. Take a look at your handwriting— the spacing, the lean(斜度) of your letters, their height, their form, and where they are in relation to the guidelines you used. 1 So go through your lines and underline which words and letters differ most from the rest and which could be misread. These are the elements you’ll need to focus on to improve your handwriting. Practice, practice, practice. Only repetition can get your body used to the changes you want to make to your personal handwriting. 1 This will give you the chance to sit down for a couple of minutes each day and put your growing skills to good use. Take every opportunity to write instead of typing. 2 If you’re having trouble judging your own handwriting or what exactly you need to change, there are people who will do that for you. There are many courses that can teach you how to improve your handwriting and where to start. A．Get some help. B．Admit the mistakes you have made. C．Find out the advantages of each style. D．Fortunately, you can improve your handwriting with practice. E．Check your grip every few minutes and correct it if you need to. F．A helpful way is to make your exercises part of your everyday life. G．While all these details matter, the most important things are consistency and clearness. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．G 4．F 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了在现代电脑打字盛行的时代，提高手写能力仍然很重要。文章给出了几个提高手写能力的建议，通过这些方法，人们可以改善自己的手写，使其更加清晰一致。 1．上文“ In a world where most written communication is typed on computers, you may not see much of a reason to improve your handwriting. However, there are moments when you have to write by hand, and that’s when you come to realize your handwriting isn’t very good. (在这样一个世界里，大多数书面交流都是通过电脑完成的，因此你可能觉得没有必要去改进自己的书写了。然而，总会有那么一些时候你需要手写，而到了那个时候，你就会发现自己手写的字实在不太好。)”提到在电脑打字盛行的时代，人们可能不太看重提高手写能力，但有时候不得不手写时，才会意识到自己的手写不太好看。D选项“Fortunately, you can improve your handwriting with practice.(幸运的是，你可以通过练习来提高你的手写能力)”正好承接上文，提出了一个积极的解决方案，即通过练习可以改善手写，并引出下文关于提高手写能力的一些建议。故选D。 2．上文“On top of that, pain will also affect the consistency of your handwriting. (除此之外，疼痛还会影响你书写的一致性。)”提到如果握笔太紧会导致手部疼痛，影响书写的一致性。E选项“Check your grip every few minutes and correct it if you need to.(每隔几分钟检查一下你的握笔方式，如果需要就纠正它)”提出了一个具体的行动建议，即定期检查并纠正握笔方式，以避免手部疼痛并保持书写的一致性。这与上文的内容紧密相连，是合理的衔接。故选E。 3．上文“Take a look at your handwriting— the spacing, the lean of your letters, their height, their form, and where they are in relation to the guidelines you used. (看一下你的书写——字母的间距、倾斜度、高度、形状，以及它们与你所使用的指导线之间的相对位置。)”提到要观察自己的书写，包括字母的间距、斜度、高度、形状以及与所用指导线的相对位置等细节。G选项“While all these details matter, the most important things are consistency and clearness.(虽然所有这些细节都很重要，但最重要的是一致性和清晰度)”在总结这些细节的同时，强调了书写的一致性和清晰度是最重要的。这既是对上文的总结，也为下文指出需要关注的重点元素做了铺垫。故选G。 4．上文“Only repetition can get your body used to the changes you want to make to your personal handwriting. (只有反复练习才能使你的身体适应你想要对个人手写做出的改变。)”提到只有重复练习才能让身体适应你想要改变的个人书写方式。F选项“A helpful way is to make your exercises part of your everyday life.(一个有用的方法是将练习融入你的日常生活中)”提出了一个具体的实践建议，即将书写练习变成日常生活的一部分，这与上文的“Only repetition can...”相呼应，强调了持续练习的重要性，并给出了实现这一目标的方法。故选F。 5．下文“If you’re having trouble judging your own handwriting or what exactly you need to change, there are people who will do that for you. (如果你难以判断自己的字迹或确切需要做出哪些改变，有人可以为你做这件事。)”提到如果你判断自己的手写或需要改变的地方有困难，有人可以帮你。A选项“Get some help.(寻求帮助)”正好引出下文的内容，即可以通过课程等方式来提高手写能力并得到指导。故选A。 Passage 8 (24-25高一下·河南省南阳市宛城区等2地·期末) Most of us enjoy travelling, whether we’re traveling abroad, or exploring where we live. Besides relaxation of travel, it is also a wonderful way of learning more about ourselves and strengthening our social bonds. The well-being benefits of travel are what drive us to set off. Most of us follow a routine every day. 1 Travel, whether it is a few days off, or a longer journey, is a way to relax ourselves both emotionally and mentally. Travel is a good chance to better understand ourselves. It helps us develop awareness of not only our own existence, but also our thoughts and surroundings. 2 Moreover, it teaches us what is important and what happiness means to people. Travel also teaches us the significance of communicating with others. Going for a walk with friends in the local countryside helped us realize that time in nature with loved ones is something we’d like to do. 3 To enjoy our travel, several aspects should be taken into consideration. Start by figuring out what we want to gain from the trip. 4 Additionally, consider what we’ve valued about the past trip, and whether this fits with what we want to do now. 5 That could be anything from visiting a new café and trying something on the menu, to challenging a new sport. When back home, keep in mind what we value in this trip. Sometimes, it’s the conversation we have with a local, or the experience of seeing the city from a new perspective that stays in our mind. A．The time we spend in nature brings us more friends. B．Understanding its purpose can help us plan the trip better. C．In other words, it allows us to grasp what kind of persons we are. D．The enjoyment of a day trip can last long after you are back home. E．One of the most important parts of travel is experiencing something new. F．We see the same sights and people, which leaves us feeling bored over time. G．Therefore, we are encouraged to get out more and enjoy more time with our friends. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．G 4．B 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了旅行的好处。旅行不仅可以让人放松身心，还是了解自己和加强社交联系的好方式。文章强调，为了享受旅行，我们需要考虑多个方面，包括旅行的目的和过去旅行的经历。旅行后的回忆，无论是与当地人的交谈还是从新的角度看待城市，都会让人难以忘怀。 1．上文提到“Most of us follow a routine every day.(我们大多数人每天都遵循着固定的日常。)”，说明人们的生活往往陷入了一种常规和重复；F选项“We see the same sights and people, which leaves us feeling bored over time.(我们看到同样的风景和人群，这让我们久而久之感到无聊。)”则进一步解释了这种日常带来的后果，即会感到无聊和乏味。F选项的内容与上文形成了因果关系，且为后文的“Travel, whether it is a few days off, or a longer journey, is a way to relax ourselves both emotionally and mentally.(旅行，无论是休息几天，还是长途旅行，都是一种在情感和精神上放松自己的方式。)”提供了合理的背景，说明了人们为何会选择旅行来打破日常的枯燥。故选F。 2．上文提到“Travel is a good chance to better understand ourselves. It helps us develop awareness of not only our own existence, but also our thoughts and surroundings.(旅行是更好地了解自己的好机会。它不仅帮助我们认识到自己的存在，还帮助我们认识到自己的思想和周围环境。)”，说明旅行有助于自我认知；C选项“In other words, it allows us to grasp what kind of persons we are.(换句话说，它让我们了解自己是什么样的人。)”则进一步解释了旅行如何帮助我们更好地认识自己，即了解自己的性格和特质。C选项的内容与上文紧密相连，且对上文进行了总结和深化。故选C。 3．上文提到“Going for a walk with friends in the local countryside helped us realize that time in nature with loved ones is something we’d like to do.(与朋友在当地乡村散步让我们意识到，与亲人一起在大自然中度过的时光是我们想做的事情。)”说明与朋友在大自然中度过时光的美好；G选项“Therefore, we are encouraged to get out more and enjoy more time with our friends.(因此，我们被鼓励多出去走走，享受与朋友在一起的更多时光。)”则基于上文的内容提出了一个建议或结论，即我们应该多出去走走，与朋友共度更多美好时光。G选项的内容与上文形成了逻辑上的连贯，且为后文的“Travel also teaches us the significance of communicating with others.(旅行也教会了我们与他人沟通的重要性。)”提供了合理的过渡。故选G。 4．上文提到“To enjoy our travel, several aspects should be taken into consideration. Start by figuring out what we want to gain from the trip.(为了享受我们的旅行，需要考虑几个方面。首先要弄清楚我们想从这次旅行中获得什么。)”，说明在旅行前要明确目的；B选项“Understanding its purpose can help us plan the trip better.(了解它的目的可以帮助我们更好地计划这次旅行。)”则进一步强调了明确旅行目的的重要性，并指出了它对于旅行计划的意义。B选项的内容与上文紧密相连，且为后文的“Additionally, consider what we’ve valued about the past trip, and whether this fits with what we want to do now.(另外，还要考虑我们过去旅行中重视的东西，以及这是否符合我们现在想做的。)”提供了合理的衔接。故选B。 5．下文提到“That could be anything from visiting a new café and trying something on the menu, to challenging a new sport.(那可能是从参观一家新咖啡馆并尝试菜单上的东西，到挑战一项新的运动。)”，列举了一些旅行中可以体验的新鲜事物；E选项“One of the most important parts of travel is experiencing something new.(旅行最重要的一部分之一是体验新事物。)”则概括了下文的内容，指出了体验新事物在旅行中的重要性。E选项的内容与下文紧密相连，且为整段话提供了主题句。故选E。 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 (24-25高一下·河南省天立教育集团·期末) Our homes use a lot of energy every day. This energy is used for purposes like lighting, heating, cooling, and operating home electrical devices. 1 Actually, more than one-fourth of the world’s carbon dioxide—a gas that makes the Earth warmer—comes from the energy used in buildings. To protect our planet, we need to find ways to use less energy at home. Many people think they must buy new, expensive equipment to save energy. 2 Here are three easy things you can do. Open a window. When the weather is not too hot, such as in spring or at night, you don’t always need to turn on the air conditioner. Opening a window can let fresh air in and make your home feel cooler. If you open two windows on opposite sides of the room, air can flow through and make the room feel even more comfortable. 1 Use ceiling(天花板) fans. Fans don’t make the air cooler, but they move the air around, which helps people feel cooler. 1 In some areas, using fans instead of air conditioning can reduce energy use and pollution by up to 76%. If you have a fan at home, try using it more often. Make your roof reflect sunlight. 1 A dark roof absorbs heat, but a white or silver roof reflects the sunlight away. This helps your home stay cooler and reduces the need for air conditioning. You can talk to a builder about special reflective roof paint. It can help you save both energy and money in the long run, A．A light roof saves much on energy bills. B．The roof gets a lot of sunlight during the day. C．They use much less energy than air conditioners. D．Therefore, air conditioners are far from satisfactory. E．However, using too much energy can cause serious problems. F．But in fact, there are simple and low-cost ways to reduce energy use. G．This simple action can save up to 45% of cooling energy, depending on the weather. 【答案】1．E 2．F 3．G 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇环保类说明文，主要介绍了三种家庭节能措施。 1．根据首段第二句“This energy is used for purposes like lighting, heating, cooling, and operating home electrical devices.(这种能量用于照明、加热、冷却和运行家用电器等目的)”以及空后的句子“Actually, more than one-fourth of the world’s carbon dioxide—a gas that makes the Earth warmer—comes from the energy used in buildings.(事实上，世界上超过四分之一的二氧化碳——一种使地球变得更暖的气体——来自建筑中使用的能源)”可知，空既要承接第二句的能源话题，又要引出二氧化碳排放这一负面情况。选项E表示“然而，使用过多的能源会导致严重问题”满足承上启下的作用。故选E项。 2．根据首段第二空前一句“Many people think they must buy new, expensive equipment to save energy.(许多人认为他们必须购买新的、昂贵的设备来节约能源)”以及空后的句子“Here are three easy things you can do.(这里有三件你可以做的简单的事)”可知，空要引出“有办法减少能源使用”这一话题才能起到承上启下的作用。选项F表示“但事实上，有一些简单而低成本的方法可以减少能源的使用”符合要求。故选F项。 3．根据“Open a window.”部分首句“When the weather is not too hot, such as in spring or at night, you don’t always need to turn on the air conditioner.(天气不是太热时，比如在春天或晚上，你不需要总是开空调)”以及空前的句子“If you open two windows on opposite sides of the room, air can flow through and make the room feel even more comfortable.(如果你打开房间相对两侧的两扇窗户，空气就能流通，使房间感觉更舒适)”可知，空要说明天气的情况与开窗的方式结合在一起能节能以承接上文。选项G表示“这个简单的动作可以节省高达45%的冷却能源，具体取决于天气”符合要求，而且weather这个词是原词复现。故选G项。 4．根据“Use ceiling fans.”部分首句“Fans don’t make the air cooler, but they move the air around, which helps people feel cooler.(风扇不会使空气变冷，但它们会使空气流动，这有助于人们感觉更凉爽)”可知，这是描述风扇的情况，空在其后，要和该句保持话题一致，即主语要用fans或they。选项C表示“它们使用的能源比空调少得多”符合要求，they是原词复现。故选C项。 5．根据“Make your roof reflect sunlight.”部分中的“A dark roof absorbs heat, but a white or silver roof reflects the sunlight away. (深色屋顶会吸收热量，而白色或银色屋顶则会将阳光反射出去)”可知，这是描述屋顶颜色与吸热、反射阳光的关系。空在它之前，要总述屋顶与阳光的关系才能引出下文内容。B选项表示“屋顶在白天获得大量的阳光”符合语境。故选B项。 Passage 2 (24-25高一下·河南省许昌市·期末) If you lived in Antarctica, the continent which is the most southern area of land on the Earth, you’d get to experience icequakes nearly every day. What is an icequake? The name might make you think of earthquakes. 1 Both icequakes and earthquakes cause the ground to shake. They can both be measured by instruments called seismographs. The biggest difference between the two is how they’re caused. Many people already know what causes earthquakes. Icequakes, on the other hand, happen when water in the ground freezes (结冰) very quickly. When water freezes, it expands (膨胀). 2 In some cases, it can even cause cracks (裂缝) in the ground above. 3 Experts there say Earth’s coldest continent has had hundreds of thousands of them in recent years. They’ve also shared that most icequakes happen at night when temperatures drop. Why is Antarctica experiencing so many icequakes? You might imagine the very low temperatures are the cause. 4 Rising temperatures cause Antarctic ice to melt (融化). This makes water that can freeze again to cause an icequake. What does an icequake feel like? 5 Often, people don’t feel them at all. But they can usually hear an icequake. It makes a loud pop. Do icequakes only happen in Antarctica? No! They also take place in Greenland, most often near glaciers (冰川). You might also hear an icequake in Canada, as well as in the midwestern and northeastern United States. A．But earthquakes can often cause fires. B．In some ways, the two are very similar. C．Icequakes are common across Antarctica. D．Icequakes make a loud noise that’s hard to miss. E．Most of them are much weaker than earthquakes. F．But they are actually on the rise because of warmer weather. G．As groundwater becomes ice, it breaks up the soil and rocks around it. 【答案】1．B 2．G 3．C 4．F 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了冰震的相关信息，包括其定义、与地震的异同、发生地点、原因、感受以及是否只发生在南极洲等内容。 1．上文“The name might make you think of earthquakes. (这个名字可能会让你想到地震)”说明冰震的名字会让人联想到地震，空处承接上文，进一步说明冰震和地震在某些方面相似。B选项“在某些方面，这两者非常相似”符合语境。故选B。 2．上文“When water freezes, it expands (膨胀). (当水结冰时，它会膨胀)”说明水结冰时会膨胀，空处承接上文，说明水结冰膨胀后会产生什么结果。G选项“当地下水变成冰时，它会破坏周围的土壤和岩石”符合语境。故选G。 3．下文“Experts there say Earth’s coldest continent has had hundreds of thousands of them in recent years. (那里的专家说，地球上最冷的大陆近年来已经发生了数十万次冰震)”说明南极洲冰震发生频繁，空处位于段首，应是本段的主旨句，说明冰震在南极洲很常见。C选项“冰震在南极洲很常见”符合语境。故选C。 4．上文“You might imagine the very low temperatures are the cause. (你可能会认为极低的温度是原因）”说明人们可能会认为冰震是由于极低的温度引起的，下文“Rising temperatures cause Antarctic ice to melt (融化). This makes water that can freeze again to cause an icequake. (气温上升导致南极冰融化。这会产生水，水可以再次冻结，从而引发冰震)”说明气温上升也会引发冰震，空处承接上文，说明实际上冰震是由于天气变暖导致的。F选项“但实际上，由于天气变暖，它们正在增加”符合语境。故选F。 5．上文“What does an icequake feel like? (冰震是什么感觉)”说明本段主要介绍冰震的感受，下文“Often, people don’t feel them at all. (通常，人们根本感觉不到它们)”说明人们通常感觉不到冰震，空处承接上文，进一步说明冰震与地震相比，强度较弱。E选项“它们中的大多数都比地震弱得多”符合语境。故选E。 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 (24-25高一下·河南省洛阳市·期末) If you’re a student, fan, or follower of Warren Buffett, chairman and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway, you also know that many of his success tips go far beyond investing (投资). 1 Here are four tips that really stand out. Learn to say no. Warren Buffett once said, “The difference between successful people and really successful people is that really successful people say no to almost everything.” From a self-help standpoint, if you think you’re taking on too much and you’ve been labeled a “workaholic”, 2 This piece of advice in practice may mean saying no many times to things that don’t serve you and saying yes to the few things that truly matter. Face your fears. 3 In fact, he was once terribly afraid of public speaking. That lasted until he took Dale Carnegie’s course to improve this very important business skill. Since overcoming his fear of speaking, he’s become one of the most frequently quoted speakers in the world. 4 Buffett is a firm believer in the importance of slowing down and thinking in the long run. True success comes from focusing on those steady, small, and consistent day-to-day actions that pave the way for long-term results. Surround yourself with people more successful than you. Buffett has always explained that success depends on surrounding yourself with the right people. He said, “Pick out partners whose behavior is better than yours and you’ll drift (自然进入) in that direction.” 5 A．Play the long game. B．Believe you can succeed. C．Buffett is no stranger to fear. D．Buffett’s “no” advice should hit home. E．They can help you live a more successful life. F．Good partners will give you advice in the path of success. G．This is a good life lesson about learning from successful people. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了巴菲特的四条成功秘诀：学会说不、直面恐惧、着眼长远、与更成功的人为伴，这些秘诀能助人们更成功。 1．根据上文“If you’re a student, fan, or follower of Warren Buffett, chairman and CEO of Berkshire Hathaway, you also know that many of his success tips go far beyond investing (投资).(如果你是沃伦·巴菲特(伯克希尔·哈撒韦公司的董事长兼首席执行官)的学生、粉丝或者追随者，那么你也应该明白，他的许多成功秘诀远不止于投资这一方面)”可知，前文提到巴菲特的成功秘诀远超投资领域，本句承接上文，说明这些秘诀的作用，引出下文具体的四条建议，故E选项“它们能够帮助你过上更成功的生活。”符合语境，故选E。 2．根据上文“Learn to say no. Warren Buffett once said, “The difference between successful people and really successful people is that really successful people say no to almost everything.” From a self-help standpoint, if you think you’re taking on too much and you’ve been labeled a “workaholic”(学会拒绝。沃伦·巴菲特曾说过：“成功人士与真正成功人士的区别在于，真正成功的人几乎对所有事情都选择拒绝。”从自我提升的角度来看，如果你觉得自己承担的任务太多，并且被贴上了“工作狂”的标签，那么你就应该学会拒绝)”可知，本段主题是“学会说不”，D 项“巴菲特的’拒绝’建议应该会触动你”与前文“如果你觉得自己承担太多，被贴上’工作狂’标签”呼应，强调该建议的适用性，故D选项“巴菲特的’拒绝’建议应当引起重视。”符合语境，故选D。 3．根据后文“In fact, he was once terribly afraid of public speaking. That lasted until he took Dale Carnegie’s course to improve this very important business skill. Since overcoming his fear of speaking, he’s become one of the most frequently quoted speakers in the world.(事实上，他曾经极度害怕公开演讲。这种情况一直持续到他参加了戴尔·卡耐基的课程，从而提高了这一至关重要的商务技能。自从克服了演讲的恐惧之后，他已成为世界上被引用次数最多的演讲者之一)”可知，本段主题是“直面恐惧”，本句引出下文他曾害怕公众演讲的例子，故C选项“巴菲特对恐惧并不陌生。”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据后文“Buffett is a firm believer in the importance of slowing down and thinking in the long run. True success comes from focusing on those steady, small, and consistent day-to-day actions that pave the way for long-term results.(巴菲特坚信，重要的是要放慢脚步，从长远角度进行思考。真正的成功来自于专注于那些稳定、细微且持续的日常行动，这些行动能够为长期成果奠定基础)”可知，根据下文“专注于长期结果”“从长远来看”可知，本段强调长期规划，故A选项“考虑长远利益。”符合语境，故选A。 5．根据上文“Surround yourself with people more successful than you. Buffett has always explained that success depends on surrounding yourself with the right people. He said, “Pick out partners whose behavior is better than yours and you’ll drift (自然进入) in that direction.”(与那些比你更成功的人为伍。巴菲特一直强调，成功的关键在于与合适的人共事。他说：“选择那些行为方式优于你的伙伴作为合作伙伴，你就会朝着那个方向发展。”)”可知，本段讲“与更成功的人相处”，本句总结前文巴菲特的观点，点明与优秀者同行的意义，故G选项“这是一条关于从成功人士身上学习的良好人生经验。”符合语境，故选G。 Passage 2 (24-25高一下·河南省信阳市商城县观庙高中等多校联考·期末) Choosing new technology for schools can be exciting, but poor planning often leads to wasted time and money. 1 Here are three that matter most. Timeline for implementation (实施) We often plan tech adoption on a school-year cycle, starting in August or September. But that timing can backfire. Instead, the best time to begin test cases is during the spring of the year before full implementation. 1 Schools should seek companies that support multi-year plans with fair prices, starting early to lower the risk. Professional Learning New contracts often include initial training. But what happens in later years with new teachers, deeper implementation, or refresher needs? 1 If two products offer similar features, knowing which one includes long-term professional learning — and which one charges extra — can make or break a decision. Working with old systems New tools don’t work alone. Schools already have systems in place, like learning management platforms and student databases. 1 Educators and students benefit when systems are connected and simple to use. 2 By carefully considering implementation timing, ongoing training needs, and system integration, schools can turn technology investments from potential wastes into lasting educational resources. Thoughtful planning in these three areas ensures new tools truly improve teaching and learning. A．New tools must work well with those already in use. B．Not every new tool needs to interact with existing ones. C．However, poor system integration can waste teachers’ time. D．But problems can arise if certain questions aren’t considered. E．Trying out tools during spring makes full use easier in the fall. F．Some companies are generous at first but later become hard to reach. G．To avoid failure, schools should ask key questions before making a purchase. 【答案】1．G 2．E 3．F 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是学校在选择新技术时应重点考虑的三大关键因素。 1．空格后的句子是“Here are three that matter most.(以下是最重要的三个问题)”，这表明空格处应引出对“关键问题”的强调。G选项“To avoid failure, schools should ask key questions before making a purchase.(为避免失败，学校在采购前应提出关键问题)”与后文自然衔接，符合语境，故选G。 2．空格前一句“Instead, the best time to begin test cases is during the spring of the year before full implementation.(相反，开始测试案例的最佳时间是在完全实现之前的春季)”提到“春季是开始试用的最佳时机”；空格处应该解释为什么春季是开始试用的最佳时机，E选项“Trying out tools during spring makes full use easier in the fall.(在春季试用工具，能更轻松地在秋季充分发挥其效用)”解释了为什么春季是最佳时机，与前后文逻辑一致，符合语境，故选E。 3．空前“New contracts often include initial training. But what happens in later years with new teachers, deeper implementation, or refresher needs?(新合同通常包括初始培训。但是在后来的几年里，如果有新的老师，更深入的实施，或者需要复习，会发生什么呢？)”提出后来会发生什么的问题，空格处应该回答后来会发生什么，F选项“Some companies are generous at first but later become hard to reach.(有些公司一开始态度慷慨，但后来就变得难以联系)”说明了后来有的公司变得难以联系，承接上文，符合语境，故选F。 4．空前“New tools don’t work alone. Schools already have systems in place, like learning management platforms and student databases.(新工具不能单独工作。学校已经有了相应的系统，比如学习管理平台和学生数据库)”说明了新工具不能单独工作，空格处应该讲与新工具有关的内容，A选项“New tools must work well with those already in use.(新工具必须能与当前已在使用的工具良好适配协作)”说明了与新工具有关的内容，承接上文，符合语境，故选A。 5．空前“Educators and students benefit when systems are connected and simple to use.(当系统连接起来且易于使用时，教育工作者和学生都会受益)”说明了当系统连接起来且易于使用时，教育工作者和学生都会受益，空格处应该说不好的系统会导致什么问题，C选项“However, poor system integration can waste teachers’ time.(然而，系统集成不佳会浪费教师的时间)”说明了系统不好会浪费教师的时间，承接上文，符合语境，故选C。 Passage 3 (24-25高一下·河南省信阳市普通高中·期末) Beware of “Relationship Black-holes” In our journey through life, relationships play a key role, acting as the foundation that supports our daily experiences. 1 . Some are like black-holes, sucking up (吸干) the energy of others. We need to be careful and focus on developing positive ones. Here are some key aspects to consider. Identify Energy Drainers (消耗者) In interpersonal relationships, there are people known as “energy drainers”. They often complain a lot, throwing all their negative emotions on those around them. 1 . When you interact with them, you will feel your energy being quickly worn out and your mood turning low. For example, a friend only talks about their own problems every time you meet and doesn’t listen to your thoughts, making you feel exhausted. Break Free from Suppressive (压抑的) Relationships There is also a type of person who is keen on suppressing others. 1 . At work, a leader always criticizes and never gives encouragement. In life, a partner constantly finds mistakes, weakening your self-confidence. This kind of suppressive relationship will make you fall into self-doubt and lose the motivation to move forward. 2 While staying away from harmful relationships, actively build a healthy relationship circle. Interact with those who can offer support, encouragement, and positive energy, such as likeminded friends and understanding, mutually-growing partners. 3 . A．Develop Self-Love in Relationships B．Build a Healthy Relationship Circle C．However, not all relationships are created equal D．In these cases, both parties take more than they give E．They show their pride by criticizing and looking down on others F．Or they are always asking for help without giving anything in return G．In these relationships, people respect each other and fill life with energy 【答案】1．C 2．F 3．E 4．B 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了发展健康积极的人际关系的几个关键方面。 1．根据上文“In our journey through life, relationships play a key role, acting as the foundation that supports our daily experiences.(在我们的人生旅程中，人际关系扮演着关键的角色，是支撑我们日常经历的基础)”和下文“Some are like black-holes, sucking up (吸干) the energy of others.(有些就像黑洞一样，吸收其他星系的能量)”可知，上文是描述人际关系的积极意义，后文描述其负面影响，上下文含转折意义，C项“然而，并不是所有的关系都是平等的”符合语境，故选C。 2．上文“They often complain a lot, throwing all their negative emotions on those around them.(他们经常抱怨，把所有的负面情绪都发泄在周围的人身上)”描述能量消耗者的表现，F项“或者他们总是寻求帮助而没有给予任何回报”也是描述其表现，故选F。 3．上文“There is also a type of person who is keen on suppressing others.(还有一种人热衷于压制他人)”提到有一种人喜欢压制别人，E项“他们通过批评和看不起别人来表现自己的骄傲”阐述具体表现，E项中“criticizing”呼应下文“At work, a leader always criticizes and never gives encouragement(在工作中，领导者总是批评，从不给予鼓励)”中的“criticizes”，故选E。 4．根据本段中“While staying away from harmful relationships, actively build a healthy relationship circle.(在远离有害关系的同时，积极建立一个健康的关系圈)”可知，本段主要讲积极建立一个健康的关系圈，B项“建立一个健康的关系圈”符合语境，故选B。 5．上文“While staying away from harmful relationships, actively build a healthy relationship circle. Interact with those who can offer support, encouragement, and positive energy, such as likeminded friends and understanding, mutually-growing partners.(在远离有害关系的同时，积极建立一个健康的关系圈。与那些能提供支持、鼓励和正能量的人交往，比如志同道合的朋友和理解彼此、共同成长的伙伴)”建议建立一个健康的关系圈，与那些能提供支持、鼓励和正能量的人交往，G项“在这种关系中，人们相互尊重，使生活充满活力”描述健康关系圈的特点，故选G。 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 (24-25高一下·河南省信阳市浉河区信阳高级中学·期末) A Clean, Green Energy Future The world’s energy demand is rising annually as countries develop and populations grow. So far, this growth has mainly relied on the use of fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas). 1 Thankfully, many countries are making the important change from fossil fuels to clean, green and renewable sources of energy. Fossil fuels emit carbon dioxide, contributing to the greenhouse effect. They’re non-renewable, with limited supplies. Renewable energy, in contrast, can be naturally replaced and therefore be consumed without the risk of using them up. 2 Solar Solar panels convert sunlight to electricity. It’s the fastest-growing renewable source, as the cost of the technology is falling. Some countries have successfully adopted this technology. Germany has the highest solar capacity in the world but China is the largest market and producer of solar technology. Hydro-power 1 Countries such as Paraguay and Norway already produce all or most of their energy from hydro-power. Most of the renewable energy in China comes from hydro-power plants, such as the Three Gorges Dam, the world’s largest power station. Wind Wind turbines are turned by the wind to produce electricity. Wind farms are on land or off shore to take advantage of more frequent and powerful winds. China may meet electricity needs from wind by 2030. Wind farms in Gansu province have an endless wind supply. Biofuel This is material made from biological sources (such as corn or grain) or waste products that is used to produce energy. It’s used in generators for electricity, or in cars and other machines. Brazil has produced and used biofuel made from sugar cane for 40 years. China is the world’s third-largest producer of biofuel. So what are the pros and cons of renewable energy? 1 However, it can face issues like lack of power when wind or sun is absent, high setup costs for solar, and land use for biofuel. Can renewables really be the future of energy? Despite the modern world’s dependence on fossil fuels, renewable energy use is increasing. Given the problems of climate change, there is no doubt that they will continue to grow. As extracting fossil fuels is becoming more difficult and expensive, the cost of renewable energy is falling. New battery technology, for example, solves the problem of bringing electricity from distant sources to cities. 2 A．It’s clean, abundant, and low-maintenance. B．This is why governments invest in wind energy research. C．The power of water turns turbines (涡轮机) to generate electricity. D．However, this reliance has led to pollution problems and climate change. E．For example, Iceland generates nearly 100% of its electricity from renewables. F．Here are the main types of renewable energy, with facts and examples from around the world. G．With our awareness of energy consumption and waste, a clean, green energy future is achievable. 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．C 4．A 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章围绕干净、绿色的可再生能源展开，介绍其类型、优缺点及发展前景。 1．根据上文“The world’s energy demand is rising annually as countries develop and populations grow. So far, this growth has mainly relied on the use of fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas).(全球的能源需求每年都在增长，这是因为各国在不断发展，人口也在不断增长。到目前为止，这种增长主要依赖于化石燃料（煤炭、石油、天然气）的使用)”以及后文“Thankfully, many countries are making the important change from fossil fuels to clean, green and renewable sources of energy.(值得庆幸的是，许多国家正在逐步将能源来源从化石燃料转向清洁、绿色且可再生的能源)”可知，前文讲化石燃料的使用，此处需要指出其问题，引出下文转向清洁绿色能源的话题。故D选项“然而，这种依赖性导致了污染问题和气候变化”符合语境，故选D。 2．根据上文“Fossil fuels emit carbon dioxide, contributing to the greenhouse effect. They’re non-renewable, with limited supplies. Renewable energy, in contrast, can be naturally replaced and therefore be consumed without the risk of using them up.(化石燃料会排放二氧化碳，从而加剧温室效应。它们属于不可再生资源，储量有限。相比之下，可再生能源能够自然更新，因此在使用时不存在耗尽的风险)”结合下文对几种可再生资源的介绍可知，本句承上启下。故F选项“以下是主要的可再生能源类型，其中包含了来自世界各地的事实和例子”符合语境，故选F。 3．根据后文“Countries such as Paraguay and Norway already produce all or most of their energy from hydro-power. Most of the renewable energy in China comes from hydro-power plants, such as the Three Gorges Dam, the world’s largest power station.(像巴拉圭和挪威这样的国家已经全部或大部分依靠水力发电来获取能源。中国大部分的可再生能源都来自水电站，比如世界上最大的发电站——三峡大坝)”可知，本段主要说明了水力发电，故C选项“水的能量会驱动涡轮机来产生电能”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据上文“So what are the pros and cons of renewable energy?(那么，可再生能源的优点和缺点分别是什么呢？)”以及后文“However, it can face issues like lack of power when wind or sun is absent, high setup costs for solar, and land use for biofuel.(然而，它可能会面临一些问题，比如在没有风或阳光的情况下会缺乏能源供应，太阳能的安装成本较高，以及生物燃料的生产需要占用大量土地)”可知，本句应说明可再生资源的优点，与后文“However”引导的缺点对比。故A选项“它干净、丰富且维护成本低”符合语境，故选A。 5．根据上文“Can renewables really be the future of energy? Despite the modern world’s dependence on fossil fuels, renewable energy use is increasing. Given the problems of climate change, there is no doubt that they will continue to grow. As extracting fossil fuels is becoming more difficult and expensive, the cost of renewable energy is falling. New battery technology, for example, solves the problem of bringing electricity from distant sources to cities.(可再生能源真的能成为能源的未来吗？尽管现代世界依赖于化石燃料，但可再生能源的使用量却在不断增加。鉴于气候变化带来的问题，毫无疑问，其使用量将会持续增长。由于开采化石燃料变得越来越困难且成本越来越高，可再生能源的成本正在下降。例如，新的电池技术解决了将来自遥远地区的电力输送到城市的问题)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，回答该段首句提出的问题，即，“可再生能源定能成为未来的主要能源”。故G选项“由于我们对能源消耗和浪费有了更清晰的认识，一个清洁、绿色的能源未来是完全可以实现的”符合语境，故选G。 Passage 2 (24-25高一下·河南省南阳市·期末) Do you often replay the same conversation in your head, second-guess a decision you made, or imagine every possible worst-case situation? Overthinkingis exhausting. In this guide, we’ll go through 5 key principles that can help you break the cycle of overthinking. Challenge your thoughts 1 . When you catch yourself overthinking, ask: Is this thought true? Is it helpful? Is it important right now? Most overthinking is based on assumptions, not facts. Get in the habit of questioning your thoughts instead of blindly believing them. 2 Overthinkers often fall into the trap of endless decision-making. To combat this, set a deadline for even small choices. Whether it’s picking a restaurant or finalising a project, giving yourself a time limit keeps you moving forward instead of getting stuck in a circle. Focus on what you can control So much of our mental energy gets wasted on “what ifs” we can’t control. Instead, focus on what you can control. Make a list of actions you can take, however small, and commit to focusing only on those. Worrying changes nothing. 1 . Accept that perfection is a myth A huge driver of overthinking is the unrealistic desire to make the “perfect” choice. 1 Every decision carries some risk, and that’s okay. Remind yourself: Done is better than perfect. Progress beats perfection every single time. Schedule “worry time” Instead of fighting every anxious thought, worry, but only during a set time. For example, set aside 15 minutes in the evening to write down your worries. When anxious thoughts appear during other times, gently remind yourself to “save it for later.” 1 A．Stay mindful and present B．Limit decision-making time C．Not every thought you have deserves your trust D．But here’s a truth bomb: perfection doesn’t exist E．Doing something, even a tiny action, changes everything F．Set reminders or motivational quotes on your phone to avoid overthinking G．This simple trick prevents random worrying from taking up your entire day 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．E 4．D 5．G 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了克服过度思考的五个关键原则，包括质疑想法、限制决策时间、专注可控之事、接受不完美、安排“担忧时间”。 1．由下文“When you catch yourself overthinking, ask: Is this thought true? Is it helpful? Is it important right now? Most overthinking is based on assumptions, not facts. Get in the habit of questioning your thoughts instead of blindly believing them. (当你发现自己过度思考时，问问自己：这个想法是真的吗？它有帮助吗？它现在重要吗？大多数过度思考都是基于假设，而不是事实。养成质疑自己想法的习惯，而不是盲目相信它们)”可知，本段主要讲要质疑自己的想法，不要盲目相信。C选项“Not every thought you have deserves your trust (并不是你每一个想法都值得相信)”符合语境，引出下文对质疑想法的阐述。故选C。 2．由下文“Overthinkers often fall into the trap of endless decision-making. To combat this, set a deadline for even small choices. Whether it’s picking a restaurant or finalising a project, giving yourself a time limit keeps you moving forward instead of getting stuck in a circle. (过度思考者经常会陷入无休止做决定的陷阱。为了解决这个问题，即使是小的选择也要设定一个截止日期。无论是选择一家餐馆还是完成一个项目，给自己一个时间限制会让你继续前进，而不是陷入循环)”可知，本段主要讲要给做决定设定时间限制。B选项“Limit decision-making time (限制做决定的时间)”符合语境，适合作为本段小标题，概括本段内容。故选B。 3．由上文“So much of our mental energy gets wasted on “what ifs” we can’t control. Instead, focus on what you can control. Make a list of actions you can take, however small, and commit to focusing only on those. Worrying changes nothing. (我们太多的精力浪费在了我们无法控制的“假设”上。相反，专注于你能控制的事情。列出你可以采取的行动，无论多小，并承诺只关注这些。担心改变不了什么)”可知，本段讲要关注能控制的事情，采取行动，担心没用。E选项“Doing something, even a tiny action, changes everything (做一些事情，哪怕是很小的行动，也能改变一切)”符合语境，承接上文，说明采取行动的重要性。故选E。 4．由上文“A huge driver of overthinking is the unrealistic desire to make the “perfect” choice. (过度思考的一个巨大驱动力是做出“完美”选择的不切实际的愿望)”及下文“Every decision carries some risk, and that’s okay. Remind yourself: Done is better than perfect. Progress beats perfection every single time. (每个决定都带有一些风险，这没关系。提醒自己：完成比完美更好。每一次进步都胜过完美)”可知，本段讲要接受完美是不存在的这一事实。D选项“But here’s a truth bomb: perfection doesn’t exist (但有一个事实：完美并不存在)”符合语境，承接上文，引出下文关于接受不完美的阐述。故选D。 5．由上文“Instead of fighting every anxious thought, worry, but only during a set time. For example, set aside 15 minutes in the evening to write down your worries. When anxious thoughts appear during other times, gently remind yourself to “save it for later.” (不要与每一个焦虑的想法作斗争，而是担心，但只在规定的时间内。例如，晚上留出15分钟写下你的担忧。当在其他时候出现焦虑的想法时，温柔地提醒自己“留到以后再说”)”可知，本段讲要安排“担心时间”，只在规定时间担心。G选项“This simple trick prevents random worrying from taking up your entire day (这个简单的小技巧可以防止随意的担忧占据你一整天)”符合语境，承接上文，说明安排“担心时间”的好处。故选G。 Passage 3 (24-25高一下·河南省开封市·期末) One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much. 1 There’s no value in delivering any kind of communication, whether written, spoken, formal, or informal, if the message doesn’t come across clearly. Being clear and brief — while maintaining interest and including everything your listeners need to know — is a high-level communication skill. Here are some tips worth following in order to communicate more effectively. Keep your audience in mind. Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their interests. 1 This will engage their desire to understand and interact with the information. Don’t use ten words when one will do. Even the most engaged and committed audience will eventually get bored. Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand. 1 However, they’re hearing it for the first time. Keep it simple. 2 If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others. Allow them to lead discussions and meetings to develop their communication skills. Consider the best method to deliver your message. If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. Written communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions. 1       Building effective communication skills takes time, but the effects are worth the effort. A．Be patient. B．Get the audience involved. C．The best messages are often simple. D．Speak directly to what matters to them. E．You may be surprised by what your listeners offer. F．It will also give them a handy record to refer back to. G．As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．G 4．B 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些更有效地进行沟通的技巧。 1．上文“One of the most common mistakes in communication is trying to do too much.(沟通中最常见的错误之一就是试图做得太多)”指出“做得太多”是沟通中易犯的错误，C选项“The best messages are often simple.(最好的信息往往是简单的)”承接上文，明确正确沟通方法，即不要“做得太多”，要避免复杂，追求简单，句中“simple”与上文“too much”形成对比。故选C项。 2．上文“Your audience will naturally be more interested and engaged when you tailor your communications to their interests.(当你根据受众的兴趣来调整你的沟通内容时，他们自然会更感兴趣、更投入)”强调要迎合受众兴趣，D选项“Speak directly to what matters to them.(直接谈论对他们重要的事情)”进一步说明了具体做法，即直接针对受众关心的事情进行交流，与上文逻辑一致。故选D项。 3．下文“However, they’re hearing it for the first time.(然而，他们是第一次听到这些)”与设空句之间是转折关系。G选项“As the speaker, you already know what you’re going to say.(作为演讲者，你已经知道你要说什么了)”与下文构成转折，演讲者自己熟悉内容，但听众是初次接触，同时，句中“what you’re going to say”与下文中指示代词“it”构成指代关系，上下文逻辑连贯。故选G项。 4．下文“If you’ve ever worked as an instructor, manager, trainer or coach, you’ll know that there are few better ways to learn new information than to teach it. Ask the audience to contribute their ideas or to take a role in explaining new concepts and policies to others.(如果你曾经当过导师、经理、培训师或教练，你就会知道，没有比教别人更好的学习新信息的方法了。让听众贡献他们的想法，或者让他们扮演向他人解释新概念和政策的角色)”建议让受众参与其中，B选项“Get the audience involved.(让受众参与进来)”能概括这部分内容，适合作段首小标题。故选B项。 5．上文“If the information you’re communicating isn’t urgent, consider sending an email. Written communication will give your audience more time to review it, think it over, and follow up with questions.(如果你传达的信息不紧急，考虑发电子邮件。书面沟通会给你的受众更多时间来复习、思考，并跟进提问)”说明了发邮件这种书面沟通的好处，F选项“It will also give them a handy record to refer back to.(它还会给他们提供一个方便查阅的记录)”进一步补充了发邮件的另一个好处，与上文逻辑紧密。故选F项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 七选五 答案版 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1：1．F 2．G 3．E 4．D 5．B Passage 2：1．C 2．A 3．B 4．G 5．E 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1：1．F 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．E Passage 2：1．E 2．G 3．C 4．D 5．B Passage 3：1．E 2．A 3．F 4．G 5．C Passage 4：1．G 2．C 3．A 4．E 5．F Passage 5：1．G 2．B 3．C 4．F 5．D Passage 6：1．G 2．A 3．F 4．C 5．D Passage 7：1．D 2．E 3．G 4．F 5．A Passage 8：1．F 2．C 3．G 4．B 5．E 主题02 人与自然 Passage 1：1．E 2．F 3．G 4．C 5．B Passage 2：1．B 2．G 3．C 4．F 5．E 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1：1．E 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．G Passage 2：1．G 2．E 3．F 4．A 5．C Passage 3：1．C 2．F 3．E 4．B 5．G 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1：1．D 2．F 3．C 4．A 5．G Passage 2：1．C 2．B 3．E 4．D 5．G Passage 3：1．C 2．D 3．G 4．B 5．F / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $