专题02 阅读理解 记叙文+议论文（期末真题汇编，山东专用）高二英语下学期

**基本信息** 该试卷为高中英语期末阅读理解汇编，精选山东多地期末真题，以“人与社会”“人与自我”“人与自然”为主题，涵盖社会创新（如bike bus）、个人成长（如非遗传承）、自然探索（如企鹅成长）等真实情境，兼具时代性与人文性。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|15篇，每篇4题|细节理解（如Tera受伤原因）、词义猜测（如“propagate”）、推理判断（如Jack教学影响）、主旨大意（如Ashu故事标题）|情境贴近现实，如环保倡议、青少年健康；问题设计有梯度，基础题（细节）与能力题（推理）结合，考查语言能力与思维品质。|

专题02 阅读理解 记叙文+议论文 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. D Passage 2【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. C Passage 3【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. D Passage 4【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. D Passage 5【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A 4. D 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. D Passage 2【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A Passage 3【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. A Passage 4【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C Passage 5【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A Passage 2【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. B Passage 2【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A Passage 3【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. D Passage 4【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. A 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D 4. C Passage 2【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D Passage 3【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D Passage 4【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. A 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. A Passage 2【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解 记叙文+议论文 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·山东德州·期末） Riding bikes to school shouldn’t be a big deal, but it nearly became extinct in the US after decades of helicopter parenting and automobile-oriented cities. Like a scientist restoring a threatened species, Sam Balto, a former school teacher from Portland, Oregon, quit his day job to launch an initiative called the “bike bus” — groups of kids and families cycling to school together. “Well-being is prioritized on streets. Children feel the joy of freedom. Communities bond while pedaling.” said Balto, who believed the initiative was a movement, not a moment. The bike bus idea actually started back in 2010 when a young guy named Kiel Johnson organized the first “bike trains” in Portland — groups of kids met up at different spots and rode to school together like a rolling parade. However, without the spread of social media, it was hard to get the word out beyond their city. After about two years, the bike trains slowly reached the end of the line. But great ideas have a way of staying alive. Balto, knowing the benefits of physical activity in young people, chanced upon the video of “bike trains” and determined to propagate the idea. When he posted his first clip of the Earth Day bike bus, it was watched more than 200,000 times. And that was just the beginning. Now the trend has spread from the Pacific Northwest to the White House, and beyond. Using active transportation to commute to work and school — whether that’s a biking bus, or even a walking bus — has many benefits. As the US Department of Transportation notes on its website, people are healthier and happier when they’re more active, and reducing the number of cars around a school can also ease traffic jams and cut down on pollution. Balto now runs the nonprofit Bike Bus World. “This awareness helped change how people view about kids biking to school, proving that it’s fun, safe, and can be widely adopted,” he said. 1. What can we know from the first paragraph? A. It’s a big deal to pick up kids by helicopter. B. The program aims to train professional cyclists. C. Balto believes the bike bus is a temporary phenomenon. D. The bike bus initiative renews cycling tradition in America. 2. What mainly causes the disappearance of the original “bike trains”? A. The lack of public attention. B. The absence of safety measures. C. The decrease in students’ interest. D. The shortage of community support. 3. What does the underlined word “propagate” mean in paragraph 3? A. Examine. B. Promote. C. Interpret. D. Evaluate. 4. Why does the author quote the US Department of Transportation’s website? A. To compare different modes of transportation. B. To evaluate the current transportation policies. C. To spread the use of biking buses specifically. D. To prove the benefits of this active transportation. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·山东济南·期末） When Jack Dawson was just 2-year-old, it became obvious that he dreamed about becoming a paramedic, an emergency caregiver. His grandfather owns a first response company in Staffordshire, England, and Jack would ride along in his ambulances with the flashing blue lights. By age three, he would start “randomly performing CPR on his toy bear, pressing its chest”, said his mother, Danielle. “My husband and I decided to teach him first aid. He loves it.” Jack quickly grasped the act of CPR, understanding the different recovery positions, and learned how to use a defibrillator, a machine that starts the heart beating again after a heart attack. Then, at age seven, overseen by his father and other trainers, the youngster started to lead workshop sessions of his own for their charity. Tamworth Have A Heart, which aims to make Automated External Defibrillators (AED) publicly accessible and train people to use them confidently. Jack teaches both children and adults how to perform CPR and use defibrillators, while also keeping an eye on his town centre and checking that the public defibrillators’ pads and batteries are up to date and fit for use. The sessions often draw 20 to 40 people and sometimes Jack gives presentations in front of 100 people. He does step-by-step demonstrations on how to perform CPR, informing people about the dangers — including looking into patients’ airways before pressing. “He absolutely loves teaching,” Danielle said. “I’ve never seen him so confident before and the fact that he’s helping people to save a life determines him even more. I think people appreciate the information coming from a child, as it makes them think that if a 10-year-old can do it, then they can.” Under the name “Mini Medic”, Jack has a page on social media posting training nights for those unable to attend. As a result of his community work, the 10-year old is a finalist for Children of Courage Birmingham Awards. Looking forward, Danielle said he was enthusiastic about going to university and being a paramedic. 1. What made Jack interested in becoming a paramedic? A. His family influence. B. His childhood games. C. His parents’ teaching. D. His like for ambulances. 2. What is the purpose of Tamworth Have A Heart? A. To train children to be caregivers. B. To enhance downtown volunteering. C. To promote the wide use of a device. D. To make lifesaving devices affordable. 3. What can we infer from Danielle’s words in Paragraph 4? A. Adults tend to learn more from children. B. Children make better first-aid instructors. C. Jack has too much confidence in teaching. D. Jack’s course inspires adults’ engagement. 4. Which of the following best describes Jack Dawson? A. Cautious and manful. B. Ambitious and funny. C. Passionate and caring. D. Lonely and dependent. Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·山东泰安·期末） A boy couldn’t wear shoes until the age of 13 due to a childhood accident that left his foot seriously injured. He has recently undergone a life-changing surgery. Thanks to the floating medical charity Mercy Ships, Tera is now able to wear shoes for the first time and play football with his friends. From a fishing village in Madagascar, Tera’s family was unable to afford proper medical treatment after he accidentally tipped over a pot of boiling water onto his left leg at the age of one. He suffered third-degree burns, which caused his leg to grow attached to his ankle, making it difficult to walk and impossible to wear shoes. His family had previously sought help from three local traditional healers, each offering their own methods, but none of them proved effective. Later, his mother learned that the international hospital charity Mercy Ships had docked (停靠) its floating hospital, Africa Mercy, in Madagascar. After applying and strict pre-surgical screening, Tera was confirmed fit for surgery. So when volunteers from Mercy Ships informed Tera’s mother about the free surgery available on board, she wrapped Tera’s baby brother on her back and began a two-day journey with her children to reach the ship. Tera was given an appointment on the Africa Mercy and underwent surgery on June 27th,2024, to release the burn contracture (挛缩). He is now able to wear shoes for the first time since he was a baby. “He should have a normally functioning ankle now, which means he will be able to wear regular shoes and play like any other child,” said Dr. Venter, the physician who performed the operation. Before the surgery, Tera was often teased for going barefoot and couldn’t join his friends in football — his favorite sport. “Now I am happy,” he said. “My friends don’t make fun of me anymore. We all play together now.” Since the surgery, not only has Tera been making up for lost games on the pitch, he’s also been able to go fishing with his dad. 1. What made it difficult for Tera to walk or wear shoes? A. He injured his foot while fishing. B. He was born with a foot problem. C. He was badly burned by boiling water. D. His family didn’t treat his burns in time. 2. What did Tera’s family do before they found proper medical care? A. They thought home care might help. B. They waited for Mercy Ships to come. C. They visited different surgeons for treatment. D. They tried traditional methods that didn’t work. 3. What can be inferred about Mercy Ships from the text? A. It needs an appointment beforehand. B. It offers free treatment on board the ship. C. It sails around Africa offering medical care. D. It treats people only when docked at big cities. 4. Which of the following words can best describe Tera’s mother? A. Brave. B. Proud. C. Cautious. D. Persistent. Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·山东东营·期末） About five years ago, I was part of a pilot group for my boss tasked with figuring out how to hire and mentor (指导) people with disabilities and make them successful inside the organisation. My boss was very kind and he decided to be the executive sponsor for the pilot. Until then we had only hired people with visually challenged disability. I led the interview process and hiring of a candidate with an autism (自闭症) disability. The candidate had the qualifications but our interview panel felt that the disability would prevent him from learning the skills and being successful in the role. I convinced my peers to give him a role, and try out-after all, it was a pilot program meant for our organisation to learn too. I gave the candidate a lot of encouragement and I became one of his mentors. Our HR department was not too supportive to take some risks so we could only hire him as a temporary contractor The candidate slowly and surely blossomed in the workplace. There were many bumps along the way but the candidate came to be accepted by his colleagues and his leadership. I continued to mentor him closely and helped him to get around a number of challenges his disability presented at the workplace and home. The candidate too won many friends and admiration at the workplace. Fast forward five years, he called me last night to let me know that he got a formal offer yesterday from his manager as a regular employee with a job title. I congratulated him and told him my joy knew no bounds on his success. He went on to say “Sir, without your support all these years, I would not be here”. I told him “Your success is the reward of your hard work and persistence. You are an inspiration to a lot of people with similar disabilities.” Isn’t it wonderful that a person with disability is thriving in a workplace and makes his family so proud? 1. What is the pilot program about in the text? A. Training visually disabled people to work. B. Providing temporary jobs for the disabled. C. Mentoring people with autism to find regular jobs. D. Employing and helping people with disabilities at work. 2. What did the interview panel think of the candidate with autism? A. He lacked learning abilities. B. He couldn’t take care of himself. C. He didn’t meet the requirements needed. D. He performed poorly during the interview. 3. What did the candidate with autism achieve in the workplace? A. Gaining a permanent position. B. Rising to a managerial role. C. Winning an employee award. D. Creating a support network. 4. What can we learn from the story? A. Temporary contracts benefit disabled workers. B. Hard work overcomes all workplace challenges. C. Family pride drives disabled employees’ performance. D. Workplace inclusion empowers disabled individuals to succeed. Passage 5 （24-25学年高二下·山东临沂·期末） In the remote town of Yangla, located over 3,000 meters above sea level in the mountains of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, 32-year-old doctor Nasheng is devoted to providing healthcare to more than 5,400 villagers. Nasheng graduated in Tibetan medicine from Qinghai University in Qinghai Province. Her passion for the field was inspired after witnessing the difficulties faced by her fellow villagers. “I saw how difficult it was for my family to access medical treatment in inland areas — long journeys, language barriers, and cultural differences made it even harder,” she said. When she arrived at the Yangla Town health center in September 2021, she was struck by the isolation (隔绝) of the area. Her accommodation is a simple room inside the inpatient ward. Other than a barbecue restaurant, there are no other entertainment options in town. Although Yangla Town has a small population, its villages are spread across more than 1,000 square kilometers, often requiring several hours of travel by car to reach each one. This made Nasheng aware that even though the village had a health station, many residents still struggled to reach it due to the area’s vastness. “What if there were another station here?” she wondered. After submitting a proposal, and with support from the local government, a basic health station was established in June 2022. “Now the service station has moved into a new building, and a village doctor is seeing patients there,” Nasheng said. The Yangla Town health center also organizes mobile free clinics in different villages every month, supported by a committed team of over 20 staff members. Looking ahead, she hopes to continue her studies. “I want to pursue a master’s degree and learn more about acupuncture (针灸) techniques,” she said. “But no matter what, I’ll always come back — this is my home.” 1. What motivated Nasheng to study Tibetan medicine? A. Cultural differences. B. Healthcare challenges. C. Her family’s pressure. D. Fellow villagers’ poverty. 2. What can we know about Yangla Town? A. It is cut off from big cities. B. It is an entertainment center. C. It has various medical facilities. D. It has a concentrated population. 3. How did Nasheng improve healthcare? A. By launching an initiative. B. By training a medical team. C. By building a new health station. D. By organizing mobile free clinics. 4. What might be the best title for the text? A. Home Above 3,000 Meters B. Building Trust in a Remote Village C. The Challenges of Rural Medical Services D. Bringing Hope to a Remote Mountain Town 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·山东滕州·期末） Walking into Lang Jiaziyu’s workshop in Beijing, one can see lively dough figurines (面人) and certificates of honor neatly placed on the workbench. However, one can never expect that this third-generation inheritor (继承人) of the national-level intangible heritage of dough figurine making is a young man born after 1995. Lang developed a preference for the art at a young age, starting to learn the craft from his father when he was about four to five years old. Despite repeatedly practicing the same skills, the boy never felt bored. Instead, he gained quite a great deal of pleasure from the craft. Under the influence of his father, Lang developed a sense of responsibility to carry forward the art when he was young. Lang had previously considered dough figurines to be an old-fashioned craft, having also felt that the raw materials used for the craft formed a limit on his creativity, stirring up doubts as to why he had chosen making dough figurines as a career from the beginning. However, when Lang visited an art exhibition as a university student, he was impressed by how one artisan there had made bread into various shapes, and then dried them to generate cracks on their outer surfaces to present a unique aesthetic (美学的) form. “Then, I came to realize that instead of complaining about the raw materials, I should pay more attention to improving my skills so that I could turn the ‘disadvantages’ of the dough into something that I could make full use of to make my works more expressive,” Lang said. The young man has also turned to new media to promote the art of dough modeling. For Lang, making dough figurines is a process of self-expression, and it gives him great pleasure to just be himself. “This is what I’m good at and attracted to, and I’m delighted to see a trend toward the revitalization (复兴) of traditional Chinese culture nowadays”. 1. What do we know about Lang in paragraph 1? A. His dough figurines are highly thought of. B. He is a dough figurine businessman. C. He is the first dough figurines maker. D. He is in his early thirties. 2. How did Lang once feel about dough figurine making? A. He felt tired of practicing the same skills. B. He got great pressure from it. C. He thought it was his father’s duty to carry it forward. D. He never got bored with it. 3. What inspired Lang for more impressive dough works? A. His responsibility for Chinese culture. B. Another artisan’s bread presentation. C. His discovery of his own disadvantages D. His enthusiasm for making dough figurines. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. Just Do It B. Traditional Chinese Culture C. The Development of the Dough Figurine Making D. It Feels Cool to Be a Dough Figurine Artisan Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·山东济宁·期末） For years, I had the mindset that if I wasn’t wearing my Fitbit, did the workout really happen? Answer: No. Not only did I rely on my Fitbit to track my exercises, but I chose to invest in this specific SENSE model because of its sleep tracking tech — a must-have for my sleep struggles. For a long time, I refused to remove it from my wrist. But after leaving my beloved little tracker on my nightstand one day, I took it as an opportunity for an experiment: What if I put the e-watch on the shelf for an entire week? Before and during this experiment, I was completing Sculpt It at-home program four times a week. So while the structure and schedule of my training stayed the same, my perception of how much effort I contributed to the workout changed — I actually became more focused. Without my e-watch, I didn’t take my 15-second “breaks” to double-check my heart zones. I even felt less stressed with no daily notifications on my Stress Management Scores. While I continued to struggle with staying asleep throughout the night, without the reminders of how my sleep was scoring, I wasn’t beating myself up for not hitting the average hours of deep sleep. Physically, nothing changed. Truthfully, I didn’t expect it to. I looked the exact same before and after the week-long experiment. Visual body changes will usually take months to notice, and most definitely not one week. Will I go back to using my Fitbit? Without a doubt, yes. But I no longer feel this inescapable need to wear it 24/7. The constant need to check my e-watch for calories burned, hours slept or steps walked was an unhealthy obsession (痴迷) I was blind to previously. I apply the lessons I learned while disconnecting and just let myself breathe. If I realize I forgot my e-watch while I’m on my way to the gym? Guess what? The workout still counts. 1. What caused the author to conduct the Fitbit experiment? A. A volunteering opportunity. B. A fitness challenge. C. An accidental occurrence. D. A routine change. 2. How did the author feel about his sleep during the experiment? A. Upset about irregular sleep schedules. B. Satisfied with deep sleep hours. C. Constantly stressed about sleep scores. D. Less anxious about sleep quality. 3. What does the author imply by saying “The workout still counts” in the last paragraph? A. The e-watch remains an efficient tool. B. Workout proves essential for wellness. C. Workout value isn’t device-determined. D. Digital dependence is a deep-rooted habit. 4. What is a suitable title for the text? A. Fitbit Break: My Week of Freedom B. Gym Training: A Love-Hate Story C. Sweat for Strength: A Personal Experiment D. Wearable Tech: The Next Big Thing Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·山东日照·期末） Growing up, the 34-year-old from Flower Mound, Texas, didn’t have much, but she always had paper and pencils around the house, sparking her love for art as a child. By age 11, she was successfully selling her sketches (素描) to classmates for just 50 cents and business was booming. However, it wasn’t until 2021 that Teo created her first rice toss-up (抛起) art — the word “Hello” — which helped her go viral on her TikTok, earning 3.4 million followers. Her inspiration comes from the three Fs her dad always encouraged her to live by: food, fun and fellowship. “All my art pieces feature these three Fs,” Teo tells PEOPLE. “Food, I love creating art pieces of various foods from different cultures. Fun, things I personally enjoy, such as sports, beloved cartoon or superhero characters, and fellowship, my art sparks conversations in the comments section and brings people from all walks of life together.” Since going viral, Teo has experimented with dyeing (染色) rice different colors to create not just simple words but also complicated pictures. Her first piece to gain viral attention was the comic book character Hulk from the Avengers. For her art, she starts by brainstorming her concept, then sketches the picture on her board. After that, she colors the rice. She puts uncooked rice in a Ziplock bag, adds food coloring and vinegar, seals it, shakes it up, and then sets it out to dry before strategically laying it down on the board. The final step is tossing the colored rice in the air while recording the process. “Back in 2021, when I first started, I failed many times,” Teo says. “There were moments of real frustration and depression after spending hours on an art piece, only to find the toss-up failed or that I forgot to record it. But I never give up and I’ve done it hundreds of times to the point where it’s finally become muscle memory. I don’t do multiple attempts; it’s an all-or-nothing toss-up, so just one attempt.” Teo hopes her videos can bring smiles to people’s faces and make a positive difference. 1. What do we know about the subjects of Teo’s rice toss-up art pieces? A. They are inspired by her father. B. They are chosen from comic books. C. They focus on people’s daily necessities. D. They advertise foods from different cultures. 2. What is the step before tossing the rice in the air? A. Drying the rice. B. Dyeing the rice. C. Shaking the rice in a bag. D. Placing the rice on the board. 3. Which of the following best describes the process of making the rice toss-up art? A. Thrilling and engaging. B. Annoying and demanding. C. Challenging but rewarding. D. Time-consuming but profitable. 4. What can we learn from Teo’s story? A. Practice makes perfect. B. Art has no-border. C. The early bird catches the worm. D. Still waters run deep. Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·山东潍坊·期末） My first guitar lesson ended in pain, confusion and defeat, but I was completely absorbed. At 10, I felt a deep connection to this mysterious instrument. Since then, guitars have been my life. Through aching fingers and weary arms, guitars tapped into my deep emotions. With practice, the pain faded, and I grew closer to the instrument. The calluses (老茧) on my fingertips became badges (勋章) of honor, filling me with pride. The sensations of playing became second nature, offering momentary excellence. I lost count of the magic instants when I was transported to a different reality. Picking up a guitar always returns me to that wide-eyed 10-year-old, leaving me calmer and re-energized. The joy is enhanced when I witness its impact on others. In my late teens, our band performed at hospitals, children’s camps and seniors’ homes. The smiles and dancing of the audience still remain with me. Guitars also bridged cultural divides. When I traveled, shared rhythms with fellow musicians stirred up beautiful, wordless conversations. The guitar has marked many defining moments in my life—performing for my wife, accompanying my children and comforting me in adversity. It centers and calms me. Many years ago, I thought I was picking up a guitar for the first and only time. Instead, it claimed me for a lifetime. I credit it to my parents, whose encouragement and belief in my potential paved the way for a lifelong passion. For anyone fortunate enough, there’s an “instrument” waiting to be found—something that connects them to themselves and others. It might not be a guitar; it could be a paintbrush or a sport. What matters is the sense of belonging it brings. Now, hearing my son’s guitar flow through the house at night, I hope it touches his soul as deeply as it has touched mine. 1. Why did the author consider the calluses as badges of honor? A. They displayed his musical talent. B. They reminded him of the childhood. C. They symbolized his journey of growth. D. They represented the hardship of his life. 2. What do the author’s experiences show in paragraph 3? A. Travel makes a full man. B. Joy shared is joy doubled. C. A smile breaks down barriers. D. Where words fail, dancing speaks. 3. What kept the author playing the guitar? A. His parents’ support. B. His desire for fame. C. His children’s company. D. His wife’s admiration. 4. What does the author mainly intend to convey? A. Facing challenges is a must in life. B. Music serves as a universal language. C. Having a lifelong passion is a blessing. D. Family members matter more than anything. Passage 5 （24-25学年高二下·山东烟台·期末） Ashu Jain, a 57-year-old Indian woman who once struggled as a homemaker with exhaustion and social expectations, has now become a social media star and fitness influencer, rewriting the narrative about ageing and motherhood. Having spent her previous decades fulfilling traditional roles as a wife, mother and caregiver, Ashu faced the invisible weight of the common belief that her time for chasing dreams had long passed. But she wasn’t ready to fade into the background. “Mothers of my age reach a point where our responsibilities peak and our dreams take a back seat. My family had my back and I found the courage to reclaim mine,” shares Ashu. At 44, she. resolved to pick up her education. The decision wasn’t easy. Pursuing her studies meant making trade-offs-meals weren’t perfectly timed, the house looked lived-in, and exam dates conflicted with family plans. But the family adjusted and she managed to finish her PhD course. Then came the health scare in March 2022 when she was 54. Her blood pressure shot up and the doctor suggested lifelong medication. “That moment was a wake-up call,” she recalls. “I didn’t want to submit to a dependent old age.” Determined to turn her condition around naturally, she opted for physical activities and joined a gym, a turning point in her life. “What truly astonished me was how much our bodies can change with right efforts and consistent self-care,” she said. Today, her daily routine which reflects the discipline she’s well established begins at 4 a. m. with a refreshing glass of water, followed by a handful of nuts. Then it’s time for gym training, where she focuses on strength sessions and deadlifts. She alternates between yoga, running and walks throughout the week, ensuring a mix of activities. Ashu launched her social media journey with occasional Instagram posts under @not.just.a.grandma. Her videos featuring workouts, recipes, and an active lifestyle quickly went viral, inspiring millions. Her advice to women is, “Don’t stop just because you are ageing. You can redefine what it means to age with purpose, strength and joy.” 1. What was the attitude of Ashu’s family toward her going for her dream?. A. Favourable. B. Critical. C. Dismissive. D. Doubtful. 2. What did Ashu give up to obtain her PhD? A. Her physical well-being. B. An orderly household routine. C. Family union and stability. D. Her role as a wife and mother. 3. What drove Ashu to start her physical training in her 50s? A. The end of her motherly duties. B. Her desire to follow social trends. C. Her refusal to use medicine for health. D. The encouragement from the doctor. 4. What can we learn from Ashu’s story? A. Rome wasn’t built in a day. B. It’s never too late to start afresh. C. The early bird catches the worm. D. Actions speak louder than words. 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·山东菏泽·期末） In Antarctica, my team really wanted to capture the moment when emperor penguin (企鹅) chicks jump into the ocean for their first swim. We had been in Antarctica for two months before it was time for these chicks to fledge. Fledging is when birds grow feathers that help them fly or, in the case of penguins, swim. Mom and Dad have headed out to sea for good, and the five-month-old chicks are realizing their parents aren’t coming back: They must hunt for themselves. So these penguin “teenagers” form little groups and start waddling (摇摆) toward the sea together. The young penguins look messy as they shed the soft feathers that keep them warm and grow out their adult swimming feathers. Each has a unique boy-band-style haircut. The penguins must walk about 15 miles from the home atop an enormous ice shelf to reach the water’s edge. We follow the birds from afar on snowmobiles. They crowd together at the end of the path and stare down like, “what’s that?” They’ve never seen the ocean before! To my amazement, I see several hundred chicks gather at the edge of a 50-foot ice cliff! They stand together for four hours, staring at the rough water below. Finally one chick steps in front of the others, waddles to the edge of the cliff and dives off the side. I watch in fear, afraid the bird won’t resurface in the water after the long fall. But then it makes it, back up! It swims farther out to sea, never looking back. At first the other penguins are like “Oh my gosh, what did Steve just do?” But then they realize it’s safe to jump. They begin to pour off the cliff, several little soft balls at a time. Some jump off stylishly, and others slip and fall backward. Some even flap their wings as if they’ll fly. This dive is their entrance into adulthood. They’ll swim out to sea and won’t return to the home for several years. How lucky we are to see this huge moment in their lives. 1. What does fledging mean for penguins? A. They’ll fly like other birds. B. They’ll look for their parents. C. They’ll look cooler than ever. D. They’ll live an independent life. 2. How does the author feel about the young penguins at the cliff? A. Frightened. B. Concerned. C. Exited. D. Confused. 3. Who does “Steve” in the last paragraph refer to? A. The father penguin. B. The author. C. The first penguin to dive. D. The author’s teammate. 4. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Dive into Adulthood B. Legends of Penguins C. Scenery in Antarctica D. Adventures in Antarctica Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·山东聊城·期末） Severson rarely hiked alone, but partners had been tough to find that Monday. And the day had dawned glorious, so he headed up the trail (小路) sending periodic messages to a friend from his phone as a safeguard. By 1:30 p.m., he was standing on the summit. Despite clouds racing in from the west, Severson didn’t yet realize how severely he’d mistaken in neglecting to check the forecast. He could still see cairns (堆石标) through the decreasing visibility, so he walked downhill quickly. It wasn’t until he reached an unfamiliar low-lying land that he realized he’d gone off course. Severson had followed a different set of cairns, heading east rather than south. He laid low in the forest, but the storm kept building, so he started back up the 2,000-foot slope, hoping to backtrack his steps to the trailhead by flashlight. When darkness fell, snowfall blocked his view. With zero visibility, he found a crack between three stones and lay down. “When my water bottles froze solid before 10 pm, I knew not to fall asleep,” says Severson. Almost, afraid, and with no help coming, be prepared himself for a night out in a September snowstorm. In wind chills down to —30℉, he stretched his muscles to stay warm, wishing he could call his wife. But no cell phone connected. “I never thought I was going to die,” he says. “But I was worried about severe frostbite.” By dawn, when Severson emerged zed and weak, a search was in full swing, but the 50 ground searchers, several rescue dogs, and two helicopters were unable to locate him. “We began to realize that he was hiding from the helicopters, perhaps from embarrassment,” says Cindy Purcell, incident commander for the search. At around 1 p.m., Severson began moving again. He managed to gain the south summit, found his original valley, and, just before dark, encountered the searchers. 1. What led to Severson’s being caught in a snowstorm? A. sending messages constantly. B. Ignoring the weather report. C. Forgetting the position of cairns. D. Falling into an unfamiliar valley. 2. What did Severson try to do by returning to the slope? A. Follow the cairns to the east. B. Shelter himself in the low forest. C. Return to the starting point of the trail. D. Find the way to the narrow low-lying land. 3. How did Severson feel during the night out in a snowstorm? A. He was confident of survival. B. He was afraid of dying at high altitudes. C. He regretted not contacting his wife. D. He enjoyed being alone in the wild. 4. What can we infer from Cindy’s words? A. They were ashamed at not locating Severson. B. They were puzzled by Severson’s absence. C. They were exhausted at the extensive search. D. They were frustrated at Severson’s hiding. 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·山东德州·期末） Adolescence(青春期)can be full of worries and difficulties, but today’s youth face unique threats in a way not seen by previous generations, according to a new report about their health and well-being. More than one billion people aged 10 to 24 are at risk of poor health outcomes by 2030, which represents at least half of the global adolescent population. The report, published in the Lancet, highlights rising rates of obesity and mental health issues, alongside the impacts of technology and climate change. “Even I was shocked by some of these numbers and future predictions,” says Sarah Baird, a professor at George Washington University and a contributor to the report. “It’s clear we are already in, and will increasingly face, a crisis of poor health among young people.” The report, developed by 44 experts, including ten young people, has analyzed around 550 quality studies since 2021. “Life as an adolescent today is very different from ten years ago,” Baird notes. She emphasizes, “Given all these other important demands for resources, attention, and focus, adolescents have fallen into the background. It’s time to remind everyone of their importance, as ignoring them during this rapid change can be dangerous.” These issues are interconnected; for instance, mental health and weight problems are influenced by technology use and climate worries. Aoife Doyle, a teacher at a London medical school, agrees that adolescent health is critical, “The Lancet report shows that there is too little funding for adolescent health in the government budget, which can’t match the challenges young people face,” she says, “These facts should push governments to fulfill their promises of complete health care services for all young people.” While there is some good news in the report’s findings, such as declining rates of cigarette smoking and better access to education for girls, Baird warns that young people’s health is at “a tipping point” in a fast-changing world. However, she remains hopeful about young people’s strength and determination. “Young people are confident about the future,” she states, “Many want to do their part to create a better tomorrow.” 1. What is the focus of the Lancet report? A. The increasing cost of healthcare. B. The benefits of new technologies. C. The health problems of today’s youth. D. The history of adolescent health studies. 2. What does Baird imply about the current situation of adolescents in paragraph 3? A. They enjoy more resources. B. They are being overlooked now. C. They adapt to new challenges. D. They are trapped in the past. 3. In which aspect should the governments make efforts according to Aoife Doyle? A. Policy. B. Education. C. Investment. D. Innovation. 4. What is Baird’s attitude to the “tipping point” in the last paragraph? A. Pessimistic. B. Concerned. C. Doubtful. D. Confident. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·山东青岛·期末） To the dynamic beat of Aretha Franklin’s songs, families sit in the crowd at the hall of the Manilla School. They are waiting, eager for the moment when students will participate in a one-of-a-kind program called Spark. The meeting will pair students with volunteer apprentice (学徒) teachers. Lawyers, hair stylists, and software developers will meet up with students who have selected their occupations as the ones they would most like to learn about. Spark apprenticeships provide workplace experiences that bring economically disadvantaged teens into contact with a world they have probably only imagined. Nationally, some 30 percent of US high school students drop out. While improved curricula (课程), better teaching, and modern equipment may be part of the solution, “you have to have the relevance,” says Mr. Balme of his six-year-old Spark program. The gap between those worlds — one of limited expectations and hardship, the other of success and prosperity (繁荣) — hit Balme one day when he was volunteering as a science teacher at a public school in Philadelphia. He was also studying at the Wharton School of Business at the University of Pennsylvania. The public school was in bad shape, with a high dropout rate. While walking back to Wharton, Balme realized he was “seeing all the resources, and yet these kids had no idea what was right there all around them.” That’s when everything fell into place. The problem and the solution were right next to each other. In 2004, he and Melia Dicker founded Spark. Apprenticeships are “not rocket science,” says Holly Depatie, Spark board chair. But other coaching programs, such as Boys and Girls Clubs of America, while pairing youngsters with adults, don’t specifically target learning about jobs. So far, Spark has created more than 700 apprenticeships in the San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles. 1. How does Spark help the students? A. By updating teaching equipment. B. By offering hands-on experiences. C. By financing young apprentices. D. By improving school curricula. 2. What is the major drive for Balme to set up Spark? A. The dropout rate of US high schools. B. The prosperity in famous universities. C. The expectation of disadvantaged teens. D. The imbalance in educational resources. 3. Which word best describes Balme? A. Reserved. B. Grateful. C. Observant. D. Modest. 4. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A. To show Spark’s distinction. B. To justify similar programs. C. To tackle Spark’s challenge. D. To criticize current situations. Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·山东青州·期末） For Mexican poet Manuel Cuautle who was born in 1971, Chinese poetry possesses two qualities that make it stand out: naturalness and simplicity. From a very young age he has maintained a close relationship with Chinese literature. At first he was an eager reader and later Director of the Mexico City International Poetry Festival, which he has been organizing for a decade. As part of this festival, Cuautle, author of nine collections of poems and the children’s book La Nariz de Manuel (Manuel’s Nose) , has invited two Chinese poets every year for nine years to present their works and give readings in front of a group of Mexicans. Among his favorites are Liu Chang, Yu Jian and Li Cheng'en. The relationship grew even closer in 2013, when his collection of poems The Suicide of the Snail published in Argentina in 2005, was translated into Chinese by Zhang Jin, a teacher of classical Chinese literature. The book contains 18 poems. “I drew a parallel (平行线) between human life and the life of snails, because these animals also have the need to enjoy life. They’re here for a reason, and I turn that reason into poetry. I think my views relate closely to Eastern philosophy,” he explained about the poems. Digging deeper into the topic of language, Cuautle believes that contemporary standard Chinese bears a strong phonetic (语音的) likeness to the language families found in Mesoamerica, a term that refers to a geographical and cultural area which extends from central Mexico down through Central America. Theirs is a kind of brotherhood based on musicality. “If you speak neither standard Chinese nor Purépecha, which is spoken by roughly 175, 000 people in the northwestern region of Michoacán, Mexico, you’ll likely think they’re the same. ” he said. Cuautle went on to say, “If we compare ourselves with the Chinese, we realize there are many similarities. We can draw parallels between formalities, like a respect for your seniors, and even spot some gastronomic (烹任学的) similarities. All these features are attractive to both cultures. ” 1. What can we say about Cuautle? A. He admires Chinese literature deeply. B. He fell in love with poems at a festival. C. He shows little interest in children's literature. D. He finished Manuel’s Nose with two Chinese poets. 2. What do we know about The Suicide of the Snail? A. It is a newly published poem series. B. It is actually against Eastern philosophy. C. It explores human’s negative impact on snails. D. It is a reflection on snails, pleasure and life itself. 3. What does Cuautle think of Purépecha? A. Its users are mostly well-educated. B. It sounds similar to standard Chinese. C. It will soon be adopted in Michoacán. D. Its phonetic system is really confusing. 4. What does the author mainly talk about in the text? A. The growing popularity of poetry around the world. B. The similarities between Mexicans and the Chinese. C. A poet at the Mexico City International Poetry Festival. D. A Mexican wordsmith’s exploration of Chinese culture. Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·山东济宁·期末） When mass commercialism and art mix, artistic integrity often suffers. I acknowledge artists need enough money to live on. Nevertheless, I don’t think art should be about trying to make as much money as humanly possible, and I can’t imagine ever being convinced otherwise. Visual arts have often been a place for artists who stay true to their art to express themselves. Van Gogh sold one painting during his lifetime and is now considered one of the best artists ever to have lived. Although his lack of commercial success was a source of suffering during his lifetime, it was probably also a cause of his uniqueness. Van Gogh did not have artistic agents giving him market feedback, and he didn’t bend to market demands in order to sell it. The danger of pieces of art being sold for unreasonable amounts of money is that artists turn their works into brands. When art accumulates (积聚) that much commercial value, it starts being seen in the same way as a really flashy car that is too expensive to risk driving. A piece of art gets bought by a millionaire, and to accumulate value and minimize the risk of damage, he keeps it in his private museum. Ultimately, few people get the chance to appreciate it, especially since art museums can’t keep up with rising art prices. Even galleries as big as Tate Britain only have acquisition budgets of £5 million, and with the upcoming government’ s cuts to the arts, this purchasing power will decrease continuously. There’s a reason why Mark Rothko turned down the commission (委托制作) from the Four Seasons Restaurant. Rothko recognized how damaging the idea of making art purely for a paycheck is. He did not want his paintings to be merely used as decorative items in a luxurious restaurant, but hoped that they could be placed in a more suitable place where people could truly feel the spiritual power of his works. 1. How does the author find the commercialization of art? A. Profitable. B. Destructive. C. Unavoidable. D. Productive. 2. What does the author intend to do by mentioning Van Gogh? A. Present a story. B. Explain a viewpoint. C. Criticize a trend. D. Introduce an artist. 3. What consequence does high-priced art bring? A. It degrades the quality of art. B. It facilitates massive copying. C. It boosts art galleries’ budget. D. It restricts public enjoyment. 4. Which of the following would Mark Rothko agree on? A. Art ought to maintain its purity. B. Art may exist in every little corner. C. Artworks often goes unrecognized. D. Artworks are no more than decorations. 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·山东枣庄·期末） In March, Lencia Kebede made her Broadway debut (首演) as the first black actor to play Elphaba full-time in the musical Wicked. Premiered in 2003, the play tells the story of Elphaba and Glinda, the witches from the book The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, and is one of the most popular musicals in the world. Kebede, aged 30, is the daughter of Ethiopian immigrants and grew up in Los Angeles, California. Her path to Broadway was unexpected. She studied diplomacy and politics at Occidental College and originally planned to work in law or public service. But during her senior year, Kebede decided to follow her passion for performing. After graduating from college in 2016, she pursued a career in musical theater. Kebede’s early roles included a national tour of the Broadway musical Rent and a show at Tokyo Disney. She then spent five years touring with Hamilton, playing one of the lead roles as Angelica Schuyler. Elphaba is known to be a challenging role that involves singing, acting, and being lifted into the air during the famous song “Defying Gravity”. When Kebede first sang that song for a Broadway audience, she was supported by more than 60 family members and friends in attendance. “I really felt like I was flying,” she said. In a social media post after her debut, Kebede reflected on her journey and the many times she sang “Defying Gravity” as a child. She shared a lyric from the song “Somewhere Over the Rainbow” from The Wizard of Oz: “The dreams that you dare to dream do come true.” 1. Why is the musical Wicked special to Lencia Kebede? A. She’s a co-author of the original work. B. It’s the first play she has ever acted in. C. It’s the beginning of her acting career. D. She’s the first black full-time heroine. 2. What has made Kebede change her career? A. Her childhood interest. B. Her family background. C. Her passion for acting. D. Her major in the college. 3. Which challenge is specifically mentioned about playing Elphaba? A. Memorizing the lyrics of songs. B. Performing two-way dances. C. Appealing to different audiences. D. Singing and acting in the air. 4. Why did Kebede share the lyric in the post? A. To recall her early acting journey. B. To reflect on her academic life. C. To show belief in pursuing a dream. D. To criticize the theater industry. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·山东淄博·期末） In the summer of 2019, I started a solo backpacking trip along the Appalachian Trail, a 2,000-mile journey that tested my physical and mental limits. What began as a quest for solitude (独处) quickly became a transformative experience, revealing the power of resilience (韧性) and human connection. On the third day, a violent storm struck, leaving me trapped in a dense forest. My tent was torn apart by the wind, and my supplies were scattered. As I took shelter under a tree, shaking and all wet, I questioned my decision to undertake this journey alone. Yet, in that moment of vulnerability, I discovered an inner strength I never knew existed. I recalled psychologist Albert Bandura’s theory of self-efficacy (自我效能感), which assumes that overcoming challenges boosts one’s belief in their capabilities. This realization fueled my determination to rebuild my shelter and continue. The storm also brought unexpected friendship. A group of fellow hikers, noticing my trouble, offered me food and shared their tent. Their kindness contradicted my initial assumption that solitude was essential for self-discovery. Sociologist Robert Putnam’s concept of “social capital” came to mind — networks of support that enhance resilience. Through shared stories and mutual aid, we formed a temporary community, proving that interdependence does not cut down strength but multiplies it. By the end of the trip, I realized the trail was more than a physical challenge. It was a metaphor for life’s barriers. Each blister (水疱), navigational error, and moment of doubt taught me that resilience is built through experience, not inborn. The journey reshaped my view of solitude and community, showing that true growth happens when we embrace both independence and connection. 1. What initially motivated the author to hike the Appalachian Trail? A. A profound fascination with nature. B. A search for spending time alone. C. A desire to test physical endurance. D. A wish to meet some fellow hikers. 2. What does the underlined word “vulnerability” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Confidence. B. Determination. C. Weakness. D. Anger. 3. Why does the author mention Putnam’s concept of “social capital”? A. To show support networks boost endurance. B. To compare different psychological theories. C. To recommend team-based hiking. D. To challenge self-reliance in solitude. 4. What does the author’s experience convey? A. The incredible power of solitude. B. The value of interpersonal connection. C. The thrill of solo-hiking adventures. D. The joint effect of self-reliance and social ties. Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·山东菏泽·期末） I’ve always loved books. When I was a child, I would bring them everywhere. I became a reader in the absence of digital audiobooks, and they never really entered my world of reading. Nevertheless, with the rise of smartphones, audiobooks have exploded in popularity, and as with any new interest, new criticisms have risen in response — audiobooks aren’t really books, and that listening to them isn’t really reading. I’ll admit, I used to think that audiobooks “didn’t count” because you could listen to them passively. One of my biggest annoyances is wandering during an audiobook and realizing I have no idea where I stopped paying attention. And I’m also still a print book lover — I hate ebooks, and I only use them when it’s tough to get a book any other way. But I have grown to love audiobooks for the distinct advantages they offer — for example, some have voice actors do distinctive voices for different characters, or actually put melody to songs that only have lyrics in the written text. A great example is Cary Elwes’ As You Wish: Inconceivable Tales from the Making of The Princess Bride. Elwes narrates the book himself, and brings other actors from the film like Mandy Patinkin and Robin Wright from the film to narrate their own sections. That’s just an experience you’re never going to get with a paperback (平装书). Sometimes I prefer an audiobook. It’s the only way to read if I’m on a long drive or if I want to do multitasks. Sometimes I prefer a book. I love the way books feel in my hands, I love flipping pages, and I love collecting bookmarks. Engage with books however you want. Buy them, get them from the library, borrow them from friends, download them online, it doesn’t matter. Don’t we have better uses for our time than to pick apart how other people take in information? 1. What is paragraph 1 mainly about? A. An issue about audiobooks. B. An opinion about print books. C. A reading story in childhood. D. A popular belief of digital reading. 2. What did the author think of audiobooks before? A. Listening to them was really reading. B. Listening to them was a passive involvement. C. He knew where he was when listening to them. D. He thought it easier to find them than print books. 3. Why does the author mention Cary Elwes’ audiobook? A. To introduce its actors. B. To show his reading preference. C. To highlight its unique features. D. To share his reading experience. 4. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A. It’s beneficial to choose one reading way. B. It’s useful to know about others’ reading time. C. It’s necessary to obtain various reading resources. D. It’s practical to use different ways of reading books. Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·山东莱州·期末） My three boys were infatuated (迷恋) with building blocks as children, and my husband would play with them, teaching the concept of a “stable base”. But I was the one alone with the kids day after day, enduring soul-crushing afternoons on the floor of the playroom. I remember when the boys were about 3, 7 and 8, feeling like it was an eternity until my husband would get home, and I was thinking: “Lego again? Didn’t we just do this yesterday?” Those hours seemed to go on forever. Of the three, my middle child, Aaron, was the one I couldn’t always understand. We moved from Ohio to the Bay Area. He’d always been change averse. He was unhappy, wailing for days like King Lear in the storm: “Why is everything different?” So how did Aaron find his balance? Aaron continued building with Lego even as his peers outgrew it. In middle school, he found an online group of enthusiasts who shared designs. By high school, he had discovered the “adult fans of Lego” community. During college, he started accepting commission(委托) work. After graduating, he continued with larger and better-paying commissions, cobbling (拼凑) together a burgeoning career. A few years after he graduated, he was hired by Lego. He and his wife now live in Billund, Denmark. Last fall, when Aaron and I went to the Lego store at Rockefeller Center, I felt like I got a glimpse into the center of his soul. We saw sets he’d designed, and he told me about fellow designers. I realize the concept of the “stable base” that my husband taught him all those years ago has become a metaphor for Aaron’s life: Lego is where he feels the most calm, happy and competent. He needs things to make sense in the way Lego makes sense. The time has gone too fast. I have a new and profound connection to Aaron. When I dump out a bag of the little plastic bricks and start sorting through them, just the mere sound brings me back, to remember and to feel the essence of my son, however far away he might be. 1. How did the author feel when building Lego with her children? A. Energetic. B. Content. C. Bored. D. Anxious. 2. What can we infer about Aaron? A. He usually keeps others at a distance. B. He is slow in adapting to life changes. C. His hobby changed as he grew up. D. He immersed himself in a virtual community. 3. What did the author realize after visiting the Lego store with Aaron? A. A stable base is important. B. A designer has a calm soul. C. Lego is her son’s “stable base”. D. It is meaningful to build Lego. 4. What does Lego mean to the author now? A. A bridge to connect with her son. B. A reminder of her happy childhood. C. A game to escape from life boredom. D. A passion for an endless imaginative world. 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·山东东营·期末） Poetry is maybe the most human of all human endeavors, which is thought least likely to be taken over by AI. But according to a recent study, this is not so, as non-experts rate AI poetry higher than poetry written by humans. The researchers chose 10 famous poets: Samuel Butler, Geoffrey Chaucer, William Shakespeare... They then asked ChatGTP 3.5 to write poems in the style of each poet. And they asked the participants, who were not experts, to rate the work on 14 scales, like profundity, rhythm, originality, imagery, beauty, emotion, and overall quality. What was surprising indeed is that most of these non-experts, when they were not told whether a poem was composed by AI or by a human systematically, ranked the ones that were actually written by AI higher than the ones written by humans. What does this experiment show exactly? The researchers are very clear that these findings were limited to non-experts. The research team’s own explanation has to do with participants’ lack of expertise, concluding that these non-experts preferred the AI poetry because it was less complicated, and more straightforward This must be part of the story, but it’s not the whole story. Take another deeply human endeavor, wine-tasting, as an example. It was first reported that non-experts are very bad at making the simplest distinctions about wine, but shortly afterwards it was found that experts make the same kind of mistakes and sometimes they in fact made more mistakes. Plus, it is usually tricky to do experiments on aesthetic (美学) appreciation. This experiment was about the participants’ self-report about their experiences and, as we know from literally thousands of studies, self-reports can be misleading in most contexts. So this experiment was not about the real aesthetic experience of poetry, which is what really maters. It was about what participants thought about their aesthetic experience. The study is important and creative. But it doesn’t show that promising poets should abandon their passion. Not yet, anyway. 1. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The process of the experiment. B. The principle of the experiment. C. The subject of the experiment. D. The result of the experiment. 2. Why does the author mention “wine-tasting” in paragraph 5? A. To compare poetry with wine. B. To show non-experts’ preferences. C. To prove the research findings. D. To argue against the team’s explanation. 3. What can be inferred about the non-experts according to the text? A. They showed good aesthetic appreciation skills. B. They had prior experience in evaluating poetic quality. C. They rated the poems based on their aesthetic experience. D. They were expert in distinguishing AI poetry from human poetry. 4. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of human poetry? A. Optimistic. B. Indifferent. C. Critical. D. Doubtful. Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·山东五莲·期末） Ladakh, in the trans-Himalayas, with its vast, uninhabited and stunning landscapes, has fascinated me since my first visit 20 years ago. In 2011, my fifth time in Ladakh, the region’s raw beauty held an entirely different pull — one that seemed to hum with an ancient energy, a force I hadn’t noticed before. In the very bones of the land lay a collection of prehistoric carvings known as petroglyphs, the only remains of prehistoric human presence in the area. Seeing these carvings, I couldn’t shake the feeling that I was witnessing something far deeper than I had imagined. There was an urgency to document them, as centuries-old carvings were being destroyed under the pressures of development. As a mountain enthusiast always seeking adventures, this attractive art drew me in, like a moth to a flame, beginning a decade-long journey of discovery and documentation. These markings were not just carvings on rock but reflections of an ancient culture we know little about. Despite tough living conditions, these huntergatherers still found ways to convey their beliefs and observations through highly stylized forms, reflecting the deep artistic desire that has always been a part of the human — long before the rise of civilized society. As artist and anthropologist Desmond Morris put it, “It is as if the human species were incapable of being artless regardless of material circumstances.” To bring these open-air art galleries to a wider audience, I wanted to create something that had not been attempted before by using specialized photography techniques with my focus being on distribution, styles and creative range. It was no small matter, given the vastness of Ladakh, my ambition to capture art from every region, the limited windows of opportunity, and the harsh conditions I faced. Not to mention, all my trips were personally funded. When the book — Speaking Stones: Rock Art of Ladakh — was named a finalist for the Banff Mountain Book Award in 2024, I was honored, but the recognition was secondary. My true reward was a deeper connection with time and nature through a vast unbroken string, binding us all together. 1. What drove the author to document the petroglyphs? A. The threat of regional progress. B. The appeal of amazing scenery. C. A search for thrilling experiences. D. A childhood bond with ancient art. 2. What can we learn from Morris’s quote in paragraph 3? A. Art is the mirror of nature. B. Art inspires human wisdom. C. Art is deeply rooted in humans. D. Art can’t exist without materials. 3. Which can best describe the process of creating the book? A. Systematic. B. Brain-tearing. C. Painstaking. D. Eventful. 4. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A. Tasting the Past: The Analysis of Petroglyph B. Written in Stone: Ladakh’s Timeless Artistry C. Guarding the Rocks: A Saver of Ladakh’s Heritage D. Carved by Time: A Record of Himalayan Geography / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解 记叙文+议论文 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·山东德州·期末） Riding bikes to school shouldn’t be a big deal, but it nearly became extinct in the US after decades of helicopter parenting and automobile-oriented cities. Like a scientist restoring a threatened species, Sam Balto, a former school teacher from Portland, Oregon, quit his day job to launch an initiative called the “bike bus” — groups of kids and families cycling to school together. “Well-being is prioritized on streets. Children feel the joy of freedom. Communities bond while pedaling.” said Balto, who believed the initiative was a movement, not a moment. The bike bus idea actually started back in 2010 when a young guy named Kiel Johnson organized the first “bike trains” in Portland — groups of kids met up at different spots and rode to school together like a rolling parade. However, without the spread of social media, it was hard to get the word out beyond their city. After about two years, the bike trains slowly reached the end of the line. But great ideas have a way of staying alive. Balto, knowing the benefits of physical activity in young people, chanced upon the video of “bike trains” and determined to propagate the idea. When he posted his first clip of the Earth Day bike bus, it was watched more than 200,000 times. And that was just the beginning. Now the trend has spread from the Pacific Northwest to the White House, and beyond. Using active transportation to commute to work and school — whether that’s a biking bus, or even a walking bus — has many benefits. As the US Department of Transportation notes on its website, people are healthier and happier when they’re more active, and reducing the number of cars around a school can also ease traffic jams and cut down on pollution. Balto now runs the nonprofit Bike Bus World. “This awareness helped change how people view about kids biking to school, proving that it’s fun, safe, and can be widely adopted,” he said. 1. What can we know from the first paragraph? A. It’s a big deal to pick up kids by helicopter. B. The program aims to train professional cyclists. C. Balto believes the bike bus is a temporary phenomenon. D. The bike bus initiative renews cycling tradition in America. 2. What mainly causes the disappearance of the original “bike trains”? A. The lack of public attention. B. The absence of safety measures. C. The decrease in students’ interest. D. The shortage of community support. 3. What does the underlined word “propagate” mean in paragraph 3? A. Examine. B. Promote. C. Interpret. D. Evaluate. 4. Why does the author quote the US Department of Transportation’s website? A. To compare different modes of transportation. B. To evaluate the current transportation policies. C. To spread the use of biking buses specifically. D. To prove the benefits of this active transportation. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了Sam Balto发起“自行车巴士”项目，重振美国骑行上学传统并推广其益处。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Riding bikes to school shouldn’t be a big deal, but it nearly became extinct in the US after decades of helicopter parenting and automobile-oriented cities. Like a scientist restoring a threatened species, Sam Balto, a former school teacher from Portland, Oregon, quit his day job to launch an initiative called the “bike bus” — groups of kids and families cycling to school together.(骑自行车上学本不该是什么大事，但在美国，经过几十年的“直升机式育儿”和以汽车为中心的城市发展后，骑自行车上学几乎已经绝迹。来自俄勒冈州波特兰市的前学校教师萨姆·巴尔托就像一位恢复濒危物种的科学家一样，辞去了日常工作，发起了一项名为“自行车巴士”的倡议——一群孩子和家人一起骑自行车上学。)”可知，自行车巴士倡议重振了美国的骑行传统。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“However, without the spread of social media, it was hard to get the word out beyond their city. After about two years, the bike trains slowly reached the end of the line.(然而，没有社交媒体的传播，很难将这个消息传播到他们的城市之外。大约两年后，自行车火车慢慢走到了尽头。)”可知，缺乏公众关注是导致最初的“自行车火车”消失的主要原因。故选A。 【3题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“Balto, knowing the benefits of physical activity in young people, chanced upon the video of “bike trains” and determined to propagate the idea. When he posted his first clip of the Earth Day bike bus, it was watched more than 200,000 times.(巴尔托深知体育活动对年轻人的益处，偶然间看到了“自行车火车”的视频，便决心propagate这一理念。当他发布首个“地球日自行车巴士”视频时，观看次数超过了20万次。而这仅仅是个开始。如今，这一潮流已从太平洋西北地区蔓延至白宫，甚至更远的地方。)”可知，巴尔托知道体育活动对年轻人的好处，偶然看到了“自行车火车”的视频，并决定推广这个想法。故propagate意思是“推广”。A. Examine.检查；B. Promote.推广；C. Interpret.解释；D. Evaluate.评估。故选B。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Using active transportation to commute to work and school — whether that’s a biking bus, or even a walking bus — has many benefits. As the US Department of Transportation notes on its website, people are healthier and happier when they’re more active, and reducing the number of cars around a school can also ease traffic jams and cut down on pollution.(使用主动交通工具上下班或上学——无论是自行车巴士，甚至是步行巴士——都有很多好处。正如美国交通部在其网站上指出的那样，当人们更加活跃时，他们会更健康、更快乐，减少学校周围的汽车数量也可以缓解交通拥堵，减少污染。)”可推知，作者引用美国交通部的网站是为了证明这种主动交通的好处。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·山东济南·期末） When Jack Dawson was just 2-year-old, it became obvious that he dreamed about becoming a paramedic, an emergency caregiver. His grandfather owns a first response company in Staffordshire, England, and Jack would ride along in his ambulances with the flashing blue lights. By age three, he would start “randomly performing CPR on his toy bear, pressing its chest”, said his mother, Danielle. “My husband and I decided to teach him first aid. He loves it.” Jack quickly grasped the act of CPR, understanding the different recovery positions, and learned how to use a defibrillator, a machine that starts the heart beating again after a heart attack. Then, at age seven, overseen by his father and other trainers, the youngster started to lead workshop sessions of his own for their charity. Tamworth Have A Heart, which aims to make Automated External Defibrillators (AED) publicly accessible and train people to use them confidently. Jack teaches both children and adults how to perform CPR and use defibrillators, while also keeping an eye on his town centre and checking that the public defibrillators’ pads and batteries are up to date and fit for use. The sessions often draw 20 to 40 people and sometimes Jack gives presentations in front of 100 people. He does step-by-step demonstrations on how to perform CPR, informing people about the dangers — including looking into patients’ airways before pressing. “He absolutely loves teaching,” Danielle said. “I’ve never seen him so confident before and the fact that he’s helping people to save a life determines him even more. I think people appreciate the information coming from a child, as it makes them think that if a 10-year-old can do it, then they can.” Under the name “Mini Medic”, Jack has a page on social media posting training nights for those unable to attend. As a result of his community work, the 10-year old is a finalist for Children of Courage Birmingham Awards. Looking forward, Danielle said he was enthusiastic about going to university and being a paramedic. 1. What made Jack interested in becoming a paramedic? A. His family influence. B. His childhood games. C. His parents’ teaching. D. His like for ambulances. 2. What is the purpose of Tamworth Have A Heart? A. To train children to be caregivers. B. To enhance downtown volunteering. C. To promote the wide use of a device. D. To make lifesaving devices affordable. 3. What can we infer from Danielle’s words in Paragraph 4? A. Adults tend to learn more from children. B. Children make better first-aid instructors. C. Jack has too much confidence in teaching. D. Jack’s course inspires adults’ engagement. 4. Which of the following best describes Jack Dawson? A. Cautious and manful. B. Ambitious and funny. C. Passionate and caring. D. Lonely and dependent. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国斯塔福德郡的杰克·道森从小受祖父影响，梦想成为一名护理人员，并在家人和培训师的指导下学习急救知识，还为慈善机构开设急救课程，通过社交媒体分享培训信息，并因此成为伯明翰勇气儿童奖的决赛选手的故事。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“His grandfather owns a first response company in Staffordshire, England, and Jack would ride along in his ambulances with the flashing blue lights.(他的祖父在英国斯塔福德郡拥有一家急救公司，杰克会乘坐他的救护车，车上有闪烁的蓝色灯光。)”可知，杰克从小就受到祖父的影响，对急救工作产生了兴趣。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Tamworth Have A Heart, which aims to make Automated External Defibrillators (AED) publicly accessible and train people to use them confidently.(Tamworth Have A Heart旨在让自动体外除颤器（AED）能够被公众使用，并培训人们自信地使用它们。)”可知，Tamworth Have A Heart的目的是推广自动体外除颤器的广泛使用。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“I’ve never seen him so confident before and the fact that he’s helping people to save a life determines him even more. I think people appreciate the information coming from a child, as it makes them think that if a 10-year-old can do it, then they can.(我从未见过他如此自信，而且他正在帮助人们拯救生命，这让他更加坚定。我认为人们喜欢从一个孩子那里得到信息，因为这会让他们觉得，如果一个10岁的孩子都能做到，那么他们也能。)”可知，丹妮尔认为杰克的课程激发了成年人的参与。故选D。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。文章中提到根据第一段中““My husband and I decided to teach him first aid. He loves it.” Jack quickly grasped the act of CPR, understanding the different recovery positions, and learned how to use a defibrillator, a machine that starts the heart beating again after a heart attack.(‘我丈夫和我决定教他急救。他很喜欢。’杰克很快掌握了心肺复苏术，了解了不同的恢复姿势，并学会了如何使用除颤器，一种在心脏病发作后使心脏重新跳动的机器。)”、第二段中“Then, at age seven, overseen by his father and other trainers, the youngster started to lead workshop sessions of his own for their charity.(然后，在他七岁的时候，在他父亲和其他教练的监督下，这个孩子开始为他们的慈善机构主持自己的研讨会。)”以及“Jack teaches both children and adults how to perform CPR and use defibrillators, while also keeping an eye on his town centre and checking that the public defibrillators’ pads and batteries are up to date and fit for use.(杰克教孩子和成人如何进行心肺复苏术和使用除颤器，同时也密切关注他的镇中心，检查公共除颤器的垫和电池是最新的，适合使用。)”可知，杰克从小就对急救感兴趣，积极学习急救知识，并主动开展急救培训，帮助人们掌握急救技能，这体现了他对急救事业的热情；同时，他还关注公共除颤器的状况，确保其能正常使用，以在紧急情况下挽救生命，这体现了他对他人生命的关心，即有同情心，所以选项C“热情且有同情心的”最能描述杰克·道森。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·山东泰安·期末） A boy couldn’t wear shoes until the age of 13 due to a childhood accident that left his foot seriously injured. He has recently undergone a life-changing surgery. Thanks to the floating medical charity Mercy Ships, Tera is now able to wear shoes for the first time and play football with his friends. From a fishing village in Madagascar, Tera’s family was unable to afford proper medical treatment after he accidentally tipped over a pot of boiling water onto his left leg at the age of one. He suffered third-degree burns, which caused his leg to grow attached to his ankle, making it difficult to walk and impossible to wear shoes. His family had previously sought help from three local traditional healers, each offering their own methods, but none of them proved effective. Later, his mother learned that the international hospital charity Mercy Ships had docked (停靠) its floating hospital, Africa Mercy, in Madagascar. After applying and strict pre-surgical screening, Tera was confirmed fit for surgery. So when volunteers from Mercy Ships informed Tera’s mother about the free surgery available on board, she wrapped Tera’s baby brother on her back and began a two-day journey with her children to reach the ship. Tera was given an appointment on the Africa Mercy and underwent surgery on June 27th,2024, to release the burn contracture (挛缩). He is now able to wear shoes for the first time since he was a baby. “He should have a normally functioning ankle now, which means he will be able to wear regular shoes and play like any other child,” said Dr. Venter, the physician who performed the operation. Before the surgery, Tera was often teased for going barefoot and couldn’t join his friends in football — his favorite sport. “Now I am happy,” he said. “My friends don’t make fun of me anymore. We all play together now.” Since the surgery, not only has Tera been making up for lost games on the pitch, he’s also been able to go fishing with his dad. 1. What made it difficult for Tera to walk or wear shoes? A. He injured his foot while fishing. B. He was born with a foot problem. C. He was badly burned by boiling water. D. His family didn’t treat his burns in time. 2. What did Tera’s family do before they found proper medical care? A. They thought home care might help. B. They waited for Mercy Ships to come. C. They visited different surgeons for treatment. D. They tried traditional methods that didn’t work. 3. What can be inferred about Mercy Ships from the text? A. It needs an appointment beforehand. B. It offers free treatment on board the ship. C. It sails around Africa offering medical care. D. It treats people only when docked at big cities. 4. Which of the following words can best describe Tera’s mother? A. Brave. B. Proud. C. Cautious. D. Persistent. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自马达加斯加渔村的男孩Tera因幼时被开水烫伤导致脚部问题，在国际慈善组织“仁慈号”的帮助下成功手术，得以穿鞋和正常玩耍的故事。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“From a fishing village in Madagascar, Tera’s family was unable to afford proper medical treatment after he accidentally tipped over a pot of boiling water onto his left leg at the age of one. He suffered third-degree burns, which caused his leg to grow attached to his ankle, making it difficult to walk and impossible to wear shoes.(在马达加斯加的一个渔村，Tera一岁的时候不小心打翻了一壶开水，溅到了他的左腿上，他的家人无法负担适当的医疗费用。他遭受了三度烫伤，导致腿部与脚踝粘连，行走困难且无法穿鞋)”可知，是被开水严重烫伤使得Tera走路和穿鞋困难。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“His family had previously sought help from three local traditional healers, each offering their own methods, but none of them proved effective.(他的家人此前曾向三位当地的传统治疗师寻求帮助，他们各自提供了自己的方法，但都没有效果)”可知，在找到合适的医疗护理之前，Tera的家人尝试了传统方法但都没有效果。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“So when volunteers from Mercy Ships informed Tera’s mother about the free surgery available on board, she wrapped Tera’s baby brother on her back and began a two day journey with her children to reach the ship.(所以当“仁慈号”的志愿者告知Tera的母亲船上有免费的手术时，她把Tera的弟弟背在背上，带着孩子们开始了为期两天的旅程前往这艘船)”可知，“仁慈号”在船上提供免费治疗。故选B项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“After applying and strict pre-surgical screening, Tera was confirmed fit for surgery. So when volunteers from Mercy Ships informed Tera’s mother about the free surgery available on board, she wrapped Tera’s baby brother on her back and began a two-day journey with her children to reach the ship.(在申请并经过严格的术前筛查后，Tera被确认适合手术。所以当“仁慈号”的志愿者告知Tera的母亲船上有免费的手术时，她把Tera的弟弟背在背上，带着孩子们开始了为期两天的旅程前往这艘船)”可知，当Tera的母亲得知有免费手术的消息后，立即带着孩子们踏上两天的旅程前往，她克服困难坚持带着孩子去船上接受手术，由此可推知，Tera的母亲是一个坚持不懈的人(persistent)。故选D项。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·山东东营·期末） About five years ago, I was part of a pilot group for my boss tasked with figuring out how to hire and mentor (指导) people with disabilities and make them successful inside the organisation. My boss was very kind and he decided to be the executive sponsor for the pilot. Until then we had only hired people with visually challenged disability. I led the interview process and hiring of a candidate with an autism (自闭症) disability. The candidate had the qualifications but our interview panel felt that the disability would prevent him from learning the skills and being successful in the role. I convinced my peers to give him a role, and try out-after all, it was a pilot program meant for our organisation to learn too. I gave the candidate a lot of encouragement and I became one of his mentors. Our HR department was not too supportive to take some risks so we could only hire him as a temporary contractor The candidate slowly and surely blossomed in the workplace. There were many bumps along the way but the candidate came to be accepted by his colleagues and his leadership. I continued to mentor him closely and helped him to get around a number of challenges his disability presented at the workplace and home. The candidate too won many friends and admiration at the workplace. Fast forward five years, he called me last night to let me know that he got a formal offer yesterday from his manager as a regular employee with a job title. I congratulated him and told him my joy knew no bounds on his success. He went on to say “Sir, without your support all these years, I would not be here”. I told him “Your success is the reward of your hard work and persistence. You are an inspiration to a lot of people with similar disabilities.” Isn’t it wonderful that a person with disability is thriving in a workplace and makes his family so proud? 1. What is the pilot program about in the text? A. Training visually disabled people to work. B. Providing temporary jobs for the disabled. C. Mentoring people with autism to find regular jobs. D. Employing and helping people with disabilities at work. 2. What did the interview panel think of the candidate with autism? A. He lacked learning abilities. B. He couldn’t take care of himself. C. He didn’t meet the requirements needed. D. He performed poorly during the interview. 3. What did the candidate with autism achieve in the workplace? A. Gaining a permanent position. B. Rising to a managerial role. C. Winning an employee award. D. Creating a support network. 4. What can we learn from the story? A. Temporary contracts benefit disabled workers. B. Hard work overcomes all workplace challenges. C. Family pride drives disabled employees’ performance. D. Workplace inclusion empowers disabled individuals to succeed. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者参与帮助残疾人就业的试点项目，助力自闭症患者在职场成功的故事。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“About five years ago, I was part of a pilot group for my boss tasked with figuring out how to hire and mentor (指导) people with disabilities and make them successful inside the organisation.(大约五年前，我是老板试点小组的一员，任务是想办法雇佣和指导残疾人，让他们在公司内部取得成功。)”可知，该试点项目是关于雇佣残疾人并帮助他们在工作中取得成功。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The candidate had the qualifications but our interview panel felt that the disability would prevent him from learning the skills and being successful in the role.(这位候选人具备资格，但我们的面试小组认为，他的残疾会阻碍他学习技能并在这个岗位上取得成功。)”可知，面试小组认为这位自闭症候选人虽有资格，但残疾会影响其工作，即认为他不符合岗位所需的实际要求。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Fast forward five years, he called me last night to let me know that he got a formal offer yesterday from his manager as a regular employee with a job title.(五年过去了，昨晚他打电话告诉我，昨天经理正式录用他为正式员工，并给了他一个职位。)”可知，这位自闭症候选人在工作中获得了永久职位。故选A项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文尤其是根据第四段中的 “The candidate slowly and surely blossomed in the workplace. There were many bumps along the way but the candidate came to be accepted by his colleagues and his leadership. I continued to mentor him closely and helped him to get around a number of challenges his disability presented at the workplace and home. The candidate too won many friends and admiration at the workplace.(这位候选人在工作场所稳步成长。虽然一路走来有很多波折，但他逐渐得到了同事和领导层的认可。我继续密切指导他，帮助他克服残疾给他在工作和家庭中带来的诸多挑战。这位候选人在工作场所也赢得了许多朋友和赞赏。)” 可知，尽管过程中存在困难，但在作者的持续指导和自身努力下，候选人不仅获得了同事与领导的接纳，还收获了友谊和认可，展现了其在职场中积极的发展态势，这体现出职场的包容能赋予残疾人成功的力量。故选D项。 Passage 5 （24-25学年高二下·山东临沂·期末） In the remote town of Yangla, located over 3,000 meters above sea level in the mountains of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, 32-year-old doctor Nasheng is devoted to providing healthcare to more than 5,400 villagers. Nasheng graduated in Tibetan medicine from Qinghai University in Qinghai Province. Her passion for the field was inspired after witnessing the difficulties faced by her fellow villagers. “I saw how difficult it was for my family to access medical treatment in inland areas — long journeys, language barriers, and cultural differences made it even harder,” she said. When she arrived at the Yangla Town health center in September 2021, she was struck by the isolation (隔绝) of the area. Her accommodation is a simple room inside the inpatient ward. Other than a barbecue restaurant, there are no other entertainment options in town. Although Yangla Town has a small population, its villages are spread across more than 1,000 square kilometers, often requiring several hours of travel by car to reach each one. This made Nasheng aware that even though the village had a health station, many residents still struggled to reach it due to the area’s vastness. “What if there were another station here?” she wondered. After submitting a proposal, and with support from the local government, a basic health station was established in June 2022. “Now the service station has moved into a new building, and a village doctor is seeing patients there,” Nasheng said. The Yangla Town health center also organizes mobile free clinics in different villages every month, supported by a committed team of over 20 staff members. Looking ahead, she hopes to continue her studies. “I want to pursue a master’s degree and learn more about acupuncture (针灸) techniques,” she said. “But no matter what, I’ll always come back — this is my home.” 1. What motivated Nasheng to study Tibetan medicine? A. Cultural differences. B. Healthcare challenges. C. Her family’s pressure. D. Fellow villagers’ poverty. 2. What can we know about Yangla Town? A. It is cut off from big cities. B. It is an entertainment center. C. It has various medical facilities. D. It has a concentrated population. 3. How did Nasheng improve healthcare? A. By launching an initiative. B. By training a medical team. C. By building a new health station. D. By organizing mobile free clinics. 4. What might be the best title for the text? A. Home Above 3,000 Meters B. Building Trust in a Remote Village C. The Challenges of Rural Medical Services D. Bringing Hope to a Remote Mountain Town 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了32岁的医生纳西（Nasheng）在云南省迪庆藏族自治州海拔3,000多米的偏远乡村羊拉，致力于为5,400多名村民提供医疗服务的故事，她为改善当地医疗条件做出了积极贡献。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Her passion for the field was inspired after witnessing the difficulties faced by her fellow villagers. “I saw how difficult it was for my family to access medical treatment in inland areas — long journeys, language barriers, and cultural differences made it even harder,” she said. (她目睹了乡亲们面临的困难后，激发了她对这个领域的热情。“我看到我的家人在大山深处就医有多困难 —— 路途遥远、语言障碍和文化差异使就医更加困难，”她说。)”可知，是乡亲们面临的医疗挑战激发了纳西学习藏医的热情。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“When she arrived at the Yangla Town health center in September 2021, she was struck by the isolation (隔绝) of the area. (2021年9月，当她到达羊拉乡卫生中心时，她被该地区的与世隔绝所震惊。)”可知，羊拉乡地处偏远，与外界隔绝，即与大城市相隔绝。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“This made Nasheng  aware that even though the village had a health station, many residents still struggled to reach it due to the area’s vastness. “What if there were another station here?” she wondered. After submitting a proposal, and with support from the local government, a basic health station was established in June 2022. (这让纳西意识到，尽管村里有一个卫生站，但由于该地区幅员辽阔，许多居民仍然难以到达。“要是在这里再建一个卫生站呢？”她思忖着。提交提议后，在当地政府的支持下，2022年6月，一个基础卫生站建成了。)”可知，纳西通过提出倡议，即建立另一个卫生站来改善医疗条件。故选A项。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“In the remote town of Yangla, located over 3,000 meters above sea level in the mountains of Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, 32-year-old doctor 纳西 is devoted to providing healthcare to more than 5,400 villagers. (在云南省迪庆藏族自治州海拔3,000多米的偏远小镇羊拉，32岁的医生纳西致力于为5,400多名村民提供医疗服务。)”以及最后一段中“But no matter what, I’ll always come back — this is my home. (但无论如何，我都会回来的 —— 这是我的家。)”可知，文章主要讲述了医生纳西在偏远乡村羊拉为村民提供医疗服务，并努力改善当地医疗条件，给这个偏远的山城带来了希望的故事，D项“Bringing Hope to a Remote Mountain Town (给偏远的山城带来希望)”符合文章主旨，适宜作为标题。故选D项。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·山东滕州·期末） Walking into Lang Jiaziyu’s workshop in Beijing, one can see lively dough figurines (面人) and certificates of honor neatly placed on the workbench. However, one can never expect that this third-generation inheritor (继承人) of the national-level intangible heritage of dough figurine making is a young man born after 1995. Lang developed a preference for the art at a young age, starting to learn the craft from his father when he was about four to five years old. Despite repeatedly practicing the same skills, the boy never felt bored. Instead, he gained quite a great deal of pleasure from the craft. Under the influence of his father, Lang developed a sense of responsibility to carry forward the art when he was young. Lang had previously considered dough figurines to be an old-fashioned craft, having also felt that the raw materials used for the craft formed a limit on his creativity, stirring up doubts as to why he had chosen making dough figurines as a career from the beginning. However, when Lang visited an art exhibition as a university student, he was impressed by how one artisan there had made bread into various shapes, and then dried them to generate cracks on their outer surfaces to present a unique aesthetic (美学的) form. “Then, I came to realize that instead of complaining about the raw materials, I should pay more attention to improving my skills so that I could turn the ‘disadvantages’ of the dough into something that I could make full use of to make my works more expressive,” Lang said. The young man has also turned to new media to promote the art of dough modeling. For Lang, making dough figurines is a process of self-expression, and it gives him great pleasure to just be himself. “This is what I’m good at and attracted to, and I’m delighted to see a trend toward the revitalization (复兴) of traditional Chinese culture nowadays”. 1. What do we know about Lang in paragraph 1? A. His dough figurines are highly thought of. B. He is a dough figurine businessman. C. He is the first dough figurines maker. D. He is in his early thirties. 2. How did Lang once feel about dough figurine making? A. He felt tired of practicing the same skills. B. He got great pressure from it. C. He thought it was his father’s duty to carry it forward. D. He never got bored with it. 3. What inspired Lang for more impressive dough works? A. His responsibility for Chinese culture. B. Another artisan’s bread presentation. C. His discovery of his own disadvantages D. His enthusiasm for making dough figurines. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. Just Do It B. Traditional Chinese Culture C. The Development of the Dough Figurine Making D. It Feels Cool to Be a Dough Figurine Artisan 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，本文主要介绍了非遗传承人“面人郎”——郎佳子彧对面人制作的挚爱和追求及其传承文化的责任和担当。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Walking into Lang Jiaziyu’s workshop in Beijing, one can see lively dough figurines (面人) and certificates of honor neatly placed on the workbench. However, one can never expect that this third-generation inheritor (继承人) of the national-level intangible heritage of dough figurine making is a young man born after 1995.(走进郎佳子彧在北京的工作室，你会看到活泼的面塑和整齐摆放在工作台上的荣誉证书。然而，谁也想不到，这位国家级非物质面人制作遗产的第三代传承人竟然是一个95后的年轻人)”可知，郎佳子彧将其所获得的荣誉证书整齐地摆放于工作台上，由此可推知，他的面人制作受到高度赞誉。此外，他很年轻，是个95后，尚未满30岁。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Despite repeatedly practicing the same skills, the boy never felt bored. Instead, he gained quite a great deal of pleasure from the craft.(尽管反复练习同样的技能，男孩从不觉得无聊。相反，他从这门手艺中获得了相当多的乐趣)”和第五段中的“For Lang, making dough figurines is a process of self-expression, and it gives him great pleasure to just be himself.(对郎来说，制作面人是一个自我表达的过程，做自己给了他很大的乐趣)”可知，制作面人为郎佳子彧带来快乐，这是他表达自我的一种方式，从未感到厌烦。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However, when Lang visited an art exhibition as a university student, he was impressed by how one artisan there had made bread into various shapes, and then dried them to generate cracks on their outer surfaces to present a unique aesthetic (美学的) form.(然而，当郎在大学期间参观一个艺术展览时，一位工匠将面包制作成各种形状的方式给他留下了深刻的印象。然后把它们晒干，在它们的外表面产生裂缝，以呈现一种独特的美学形式)”以及第四段的描述“Then, I came to realize that instead of complaining about the raw materials, I should pay more attention to improving my skills so that I could turn the ‘disadvantages’ of the dough into something that I could make full use of to make my works more expressive(然后，我开始意识到，与其抱怨原材料，我更应该注意提高自己的技能，这样我就可以把面团的‘缺点’变成我可以充分利用的东西，使我的作品更具表现力)”可知，在郎佳子彧上大学时，他去参观了一次艺术展，对另一位工匠所展示的面包作品印象深刻；后来就开始研究如何让自己的作品更为优秀；由此可知，是另一位工匠的面包作品激发了郎佳子彧去创作更好的作品。故选B项。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。综观全文，本文主要介绍了非物质文化遗产——北京“面人郎”第三代传承人郎佳子彧对面人制作的挚爱与追求，制作面人的过程不仅是表达自我的过程，而且带给他极大的乐趣，D项“成为面人制作工匠很酷”能很好地概括了全文，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·山东济宁·期末） For years, I had the mindset that if I wasn’t wearing my Fitbit, did the workout really happen? Answer: No. Not only did I rely on my Fitbit to track my exercises, but I chose to invest in this specific SENSE model because of its sleep tracking tech — a must-have for my sleep struggles. For a long time, I refused to remove it from my wrist. But after leaving my beloved little tracker on my nightstand one day, I took it as an opportunity for an experiment: What if I put the e-watch on the shelf for an entire week? Before and during this experiment, I was completing Sculpt It at-home program four times a week. So while the structure and schedule of my training stayed the same, my perception of how much effort I contributed to the workout changed — I actually became more focused. Without my e-watch, I didn’t take my 15-second “breaks” to double-check my heart zones. I even felt less stressed with no daily notifications on my Stress Management Scores. While I continued to struggle with staying asleep throughout the night, without the reminders of how my sleep was scoring, I wasn’t beating myself up for not hitting the average hours of deep sleep. Physically, nothing changed. Truthfully, I didn’t expect it to. I looked the exact same before and after the week-long experiment. Visual body changes will usually take months to notice, and most definitely not one week. Will I go back to using my Fitbit? Without a doubt, yes. But I no longer feel this inescapable need to wear it 24/7. The constant need to check my e-watch for calories burned, hours slept or steps walked was an unhealthy obsession (痴迷) I was blind to previously. I apply the lessons I learned while disconnecting and just let myself breathe. If I realize I forgot my e-watch while I’m on my way to the gym? Guess what? The workout still counts. 1. What caused the author to conduct the Fitbit experiment? A. A volunteering opportunity. B. A fitness challenge. C. An accidental occurrence. D. A routine change. 2. How did the author feel about his sleep during the experiment? A. Upset about irregular sleep schedules. B. Satisfied with deep sleep hours. C. Constantly stressed about sleep scores. D. Less anxious about sleep quality. 3. What does the author imply by saying “The workout still counts” in the last paragraph? A. The e-watch remains an efficient tool. B. Workout proves essential for wellness. C. Workout value isn’t device-determined. D. Digital dependence is a deep-rooted habit. 4. What is a suitable title for the text? A. Fitbit Break: My Week of Freedom B. Gym Training: A Love-Hate Story C. Sweat for Strength: A Personal Experiment D. Wearable Tech: The Next Big Thing 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过一周不佩戴Fitbit的实验，意识到过度依赖数据追踪会引发焦虑，并学会重新关注运动本身的意义而非设备反馈。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“But after leaving my beloved little tracker on my nightstand one day, I took it as an opportunity for an experiment: What if I put the e-watch on the shelf for an entire week? (但那天我把心爱的小追踪器忘在床头柜上后，便将此视为一个实验契机：要是整整一周都不戴这款智能手表会怎样)”可知，实验的起因是作者偶然忘记佩戴Fitbit。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“While I continued to struggle with staying asleep throughout the night, without the reminders of how my sleep was scoring, I wasn’t beating myself up for not hitting the average hours of deep sleep. (尽管我依然整夜辗转难眠，但没有了睡眠评分提醒，我不再为达不到深度睡眠的标准时长而苛责自己)”可知，实验期间，作者因不再收到睡眠数据反馈，反而减少了对睡眠质量的焦虑。故选D项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The constant need to check my e-watch for calories burned, hours slept or steps walked was an unhealthy obsession (痴迷) I was blind to previously. I apply the lessons I learned while disconnecting and just let myself breathe. If I realize I forgot my e-watch while I’m on my way to the gym? Guess what? The workout still counts. (以前的我总忍不住查看智能手表：卡路里消耗、睡眠时长、行走步数，这种执念近乎病态，而当时的我却浑然不觉。如今我正学着践行“断联”的领悟，给自己喘息的空间。就算去健身房的路上发现忘戴表了？你猜怎么着？运动成效依然作数)”可推知，作者强调锻炼的价值不应依赖设备记录，其意义独立于数据追踪。故选C项。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“What if I put the e-watch on the shelf for an entire week (要是整整一周都不戴这款智能手表会怎样)”和最后一段中“But I no longer feel this inescapable need to wear it 24/7. (但现在，我不再觉得必须7天24小时都戴着它不可了)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者通过一周不佩戴Fitbit的实验，意识到过度依赖数据追踪会引发焦虑，并学会重新关注运动本身的意义而非设备反馈。因此，A项“Fitbit暂停记：我的自由周”突出了“暂时脱离Fitbit”的核心主题及“身心解放”的体验。故选A项。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·山东日照·期末） Growing up, the 34-year-old from Flower Mound, Texas, didn’t have much, but she always had paper and pencils around the house, sparking her love for art as a child. By age 11, she was successfully selling her sketches (素描) to classmates for just 50 cents and business was booming. However, it wasn’t until 2021 that Teo created her first rice toss-up (抛起) art — the word “Hello” — which helped her go viral on her TikTok, earning 3.4 million followers. Her inspiration comes from the three Fs her dad always encouraged her to live by: food, fun and fellowship. “All my art pieces feature these three Fs,” Teo tells PEOPLE. “Food, I love creating art pieces of various foods from different cultures. Fun, things I personally enjoy, such as sports, beloved cartoon or superhero characters, and fellowship, my art sparks conversations in the comments section and brings people from all walks of life together.” Since going viral, Teo has experimented with dyeing (染色) rice different colors to create not just simple words but also complicated pictures. Her first piece to gain viral attention was the comic book character Hulk from the Avengers. For her art, she starts by brainstorming her concept, then sketches the picture on her board. After that, she colors the rice. She puts uncooked rice in a Ziplock bag, adds food coloring and vinegar, seals it, shakes it up, and then sets it out to dry before strategically laying it down on the board. The final step is tossing the colored rice in the air while recording the process. “Back in 2021, when I first started, I failed many times,” Teo says. “There were moments of real frustration and depression after spending hours on an art piece, only to find the toss-up failed or that I forgot to record it. But I never give up and I’ve done it hundreds of times to the point where it’s finally become muscle memory. I don’t do multiple attempts; it’s an all-or-nothing toss-up, so just one attempt.” Teo hopes her videos can bring smiles to people’s faces and make a positive difference. 1. What do we know about the subjects of Teo’s rice toss-up art pieces? A. They are inspired by her father. B. They are chosen from comic books. C. They focus on people’s daily necessities. D. They advertise foods from different cultures. 2. What is the step before tossing the rice in the air? A. Drying the rice. B. Dyeing the rice. C. Shaking the rice in a bag. D. Placing the rice on the board. 3. Which of the following best describes the process of making the rice toss-up art? A. Thrilling and engaging. B. Annoying and demanding. C. Challenging but rewarding. D. Time-consuming but profitable. 4. What can we learn from Teo’s story? A. Practice makes perfect. B. Art has no-border. C. The early bird catches the worm. D. Still waters run deep. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了来自美国德克萨斯州的艺术家Teo的成长经历和她的"抛米艺术"创作过程。文章描述了Teo如何从童年对艺术的兴趣发展为通过染色大米创作复杂图案并拍摄抛米过程走红网络的故事，同时强调了她坚持创作、克服困难的精神。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Her inspiration comes from the three Fs her dad always encouraged her to live by: food, fun and fellowship. ‘All my art pieces feature these three Fs,’ Teo tells PEOPLE. ‘Food, I love creating art pieces of various foods from different cultures. Fun, things I personally enjoy, such as sports, beloved cartoon or superhero characters, and fellowship, my art sparks conversations in the comments section and brings people from all walks of life together.’(她的灵感来自父亲一直鼓励她遵循的三个“F”：食物、乐趣和友谊。“我所有的艺术作品都以这三个‘F’为特色，”Teo告诉《人物》杂志。“食物，我喜欢创作来自不同文化的各种食物的艺术作品。乐趣，我个人喜欢的东西，比如运动、心爱的卡通或超级英雄角色，还有友谊，我的艺术在评论区引发对话，把各行各业的人聚集在一起。”)”可知，她的艺术主题均源于父亲的启发。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The final step is tossing the colored rice in the air while recording the process.(最后一步是将彩色大米抛向空中并记录过程。)”以及前文的“After that, she colors the rice. She puts uncooked rice in a Ziplock bag, adds food coloring and vinegar, seals it, shakes it up, and then sets it out to dry before strategically laying it down on the board.(之后，她给米染色。她把生米放进密封袋，加入食用色素和醋，密封，摇晃，然后晾干，再巧妙地放在木板上。)”可知，抛米到空中前的步骤是把米放在木板上，D选项符合。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Back in 2021, when I first started, I failed many times,’ Teo says. ‘There were moments of real frustration and depression after spending hours on an art piece, only to find the toss-up failed or that I forgot to record it. But I never give up and I’ve done it hundreds of times to the point where it’s finally become muscle memory. I don’t do multiple attempts; it’s an all-or-nothing toss-up, so just one attempt.’Teo hopes her videos can bring smiles to people’s faces and make a positive difference. (“早在2021年，当我刚开始的时候，我失败了很多次，”Teo说。“有时候，在一件艺术品上花了几个小时，结果却发现抛米失败了，或者忘记记录了，真的会感到沮丧和失落。但我从未放弃，我已经做了几百次，最后它终于成了肌肉记忆。我不会多次尝试；这是一次成败在此一举的抛米，所以只有一次尝试。Teo希望她的视频能给人们带来笑容，并带来积极的影响。”)”可知，Teo多次失败、感到沮丧，但通过数百次练习最终形成肌肉记忆，且作品带来积极影响，说明过程艰难但有回报。故选C。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的““Back in 2021, when I first started, I failed many times,” Teo says. “There were moments of real frustration and depression after spending hours on an art piece, only to find the toss-up failed or that I forgot to record it. But I never give up and I’ve done it hundreds of times to the point where it’s finally become muscle memory. I don’t do multiple attempts; it’s an all-or-nothing toss-up, so just one attempt.”(“早在2021年，当我刚开始的时候，我失败了很多次，”Teo说。“有时候，在一件艺术品上花了几个小时，结果却发现抛米失败了，或者忘记记录了，真的会感到沮丧和失落。但我从未放弃，我已经做了几百次，最后它终于成了肌肉记忆。我不会多次尝试；这是一次成败在此一举的抛米，所以只有一次尝试。”)可知，”Teo说自己刚开始创作抛米艺术时失败很多次，但她从未放弃，做了几百次后终于成功，这体现了“熟能生巧”的道理。故选A。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·山东潍坊·期末） My first guitar lesson ended in pain, confusion and defeat, but I was completely absorbed. At 10, I felt a deep connection to this mysterious instrument. Since then, guitars have been my life. Through aching fingers and weary arms, guitars tapped into my deep emotions. With practice, the pain faded, and I grew closer to the instrument. The calluses (老茧) on my fingertips became badges (勋章) of honor, filling me with pride. The sensations of playing became second nature, offering momentary excellence. I lost count of the magic instants when I was transported to a different reality. Picking up a guitar always returns me to that wide-eyed 10-year-old, leaving me calmer and re-energized. The joy is enhanced when I witness its impact on others. In my late teens, our band performed at hospitals, children’s camps and seniors’ homes. The smiles and dancing of the audience still remain with me. Guitars also bridged cultural divides. When I traveled, shared rhythms with fellow musicians stirred up beautiful, wordless conversations. The guitar has marked many defining moments in my life—performing for my wife, accompanying my children and comforting me in adversity. It centers and calms me. Many years ago, I thought I was picking up a guitar for the first and only time. Instead, it claimed me for a lifetime. I credit it to my parents, whose encouragement and belief in my potential paved the way for a lifelong passion. For anyone fortunate enough, there’s an “instrument” waiting to be found—something that connects them to themselves and others. It might not be a guitar; it could be a paintbrush or a sport. What matters is the sense of belonging it brings. Now, hearing my son’s guitar flow through the house at night, I hope it touches his soul as deeply as it has touched mine. 1. Why did the author consider the calluses as badges of honor? A. They displayed his musical talent. B. They reminded him of the childhood. C. They symbolized his journey of growth. D. They represented the hardship of his life. 2. What do the author’s experiences show in paragraph 3? A. Travel makes a full man. B. Joy shared is joy doubled. C. A smile breaks down barriers. D. Where words fail, dancing speaks. 3. What kept the author playing the guitar? A. His parents’ support. B. His desire for fame. C. His children’s company. D. His wife’s admiration. 4. What does the author mainly intend to convey? A. Facing challenges is a must in life. B. Music serves as a universal language. C. Having a lifelong passion is a blessing. D. Family members matter more than anything. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者10岁时与吉他结缘，它伴随其成长，带来快乐并连接他人，也因父母支持成终身热爱，希望儿子也能有此体验。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Through aching fingers and weary arms, guitars tapped into my deep emotions. With practice, the pain faded, and I grew closer to the instrument. The calluses (老茧) on my fingertips became badges (勋章) of honor, filling me with pride.( 通过疼痛的手指和疲惫的手臂，吉他敲击着我内心深处的情感。随着练习，疼痛逐渐消失，我与乐器的联系也越来越紧密。指尖上的老茧变成了荣誉的徽章，让我充满自豪。)”可推知，老茧是作者通过练习克服疼痛、与吉他逐渐亲近的成长印记，象征着他的成长历程。故选C项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The joy is enhanced when I witness its impact on others. In my late teens, our band performed at hospitals, children’s camps and seniors’ homes. The smiles and dancing of the audience still remain with me. Guitars also bridged cultural divides. When I traveled, shared rhythms with fellow musicians stirred up beautiful, wordless conversations.( 当我看到它对他人的影响时，这种喜悦就会增强。在我快30岁的时候，我们的乐队在医院、儿童营地和老年人之家演出。观众们的微笑和舞蹈仍然伴随着我。吉他还能弥合文化鸿沟。当我旅行时，与其他音乐家分享的节奏激起了美妙的、无言的对话。)”可推知，第三段中作者的经历说明了当作者与他人分享音乐带来的快乐时，自己的快乐也加倍了。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“I credit it to my parents, whose encouragement and belief in my potential paved the way for a lifelong passion.( 我把这归功于我的父母，他们对我潜力的鼓励和信任，为我一生的激情铺平了道路。)”可知，父母的支持是作者坚持弹吉他的重要原因。故选A项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“For anyone fortunate enough, there’s an “instrument” waiting to be found—something that connects them to themselves and others. It might not be a guitar; it could be a paintbrush or a sport. What matters is the sense of belonging it brings.( 对于任何一个足够幸运的人来说，都有一种“工具”等待着被发现——一种将他们与自己和他人联系起来的东西。它可能不是一把吉他；它可以是一把画笔，也可以是一项运动。重要的是它带来的归属感。)”可知，作者讲述了自己从 10 岁开始与吉他结缘，吉他在他生活中的重要性，包括连接情感、跨越文化差异、标记人生重要时刻等，还提到希望儿子也能像他一样感受到吉他对灵魂的触动。结合最后一段作者指出对幸运的人来说，有一个能连接自己和他人的“工具”（可能是吉他、画笔或运动等）是很重要的，关键是它带来的归属感。整体文章传达出拥有一份终身的热爱是一种福气。故选C项。 Passage 5 （24-25学年高二下·山东烟台·期末） Ashu Jain, a 57-year-old Indian woman who once struggled as a homemaker with exhaustion and social expectations, has now become a social media star and fitness influencer, rewriting the narrative about ageing and motherhood. Having spent her previous decades fulfilling traditional roles as a wife, mother and caregiver, Ashu faced the invisible weight of the common belief that her time for chasing dreams had long passed. But she wasn’t ready to fade into the background. “Mothers of my age reach a point where our responsibilities peak and our dreams take a back seat. My family had my back and I found the courage to reclaim mine,” shares Ashu. At 44, she. resolved to pick up her education. The decision wasn’t easy. Pursuing her studies meant making trade-offs-meals weren’t perfectly timed, the house looked lived-in, and exam dates conflicted with family plans. But the family adjusted and she managed to finish her PhD course. Then came the health scare in March 2022 when she was 54. Her blood pressure shot up and the doctor suggested lifelong medication. “That moment was a wake-up call,” she recalls. “I didn’t want to submit to a dependent old age.” Determined to turn her condition around naturally, she opted for physical activities and joined a gym, a turning point in her life. “What truly astonished me was how much our bodies can change with right efforts and consistent self-care,” she said. Today, her daily routine which reflects the discipline she’s well established begins at 4 a. m. with a refreshing glass of water, followed by a handful of nuts. Then it’s time for gym training, where she focuses on strength sessions and deadlifts. She alternates between yoga, running and walks throughout the week, ensuring a mix of activities. Ashu launched her social media journey with occasional Instagram posts under @not.just.a.grandma. Her videos featuring workouts, recipes, and an active lifestyle quickly went viral, inspiring millions. Her advice to women is, “Don’t stop just because you are ageing. You can redefine what it means to age with purpose, strength and joy.” 1. What was the attitude of Ashu’s family toward her going for her dream?. A. Favourable. B. Critical. C. Dismissive. D. Doubtful. 2. What did Ashu give up to obtain her PhD? A. Her physical well-being. B. An orderly household routine. C. Family union and stability. D. Her role as a wife and mother. 3. What drove Ashu to start her physical training in her 50s? A. The end of her motherly duties. B. Her desire to follow social trends. C. Her refusal to use medicine for health. D. The encouragement from the doctor. 4. What can we learn from Ashu’s story? A. Rome wasn’t built in a day. B. It’s never too late to start afresh. C. The early bird catches the worm. D. Actions speak louder than words. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了57岁的印度女性阿舒·贾恩，从一名曾受困于疲惫和社会期望的家庭主妇，逆袭成为社交媒体明星和健身影响者，改写了关于衰老与母性的固有认知。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段““Mothers of my age reach a point where our responsibilities peak and our dreams take a back seat. My family had my back and I found the courage to reclaim mine,” shares Ashu.(“我这个年纪的母亲们会面临这样一种情况：我们的责任达到顶峰，而梦想只能退居其次。我的家人支持我，我因此找到了重拾梦想的勇气。” 阿舒说道)”可知，阿舒的家人对她追求梦想持支持态度，故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Pursuing her studies meant making trade-offs-meals weren’t perfectly timed, the house looked lived-in, and exam dates conflicted with family plans.(追求学业意味着做出权衡——饭菜不能按时准备，家里看起来乱七八糟，考试日期也与家庭计划冲突)”可知，为了获得博士学位，阿舒放弃了有序的家庭日常。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Then came the health scare in March 2022 when she was 54. Her blood pressure shot up and the doctor suggested lifelong medication. “That moment was a wake-up call,” she recalls. “I didn’t want to submit to a dependent old age.” Determined to turn her condition around naturally, she opted for physical activities and joined a gym, a turning point in her life..(接着，2022 年 3 月，在她 54 岁时，健康问题敲响了警钟。她的血压急剧升高，医生建议她终身服药。“那一刻敲响了警钟”她回忆道。“我不想屈服于依赖他人的老年生活”她决心自然地改变自己的身体状况，于是选择了体育活动并加入了健身房，这成为她人生的一个转折点）”可知，她拒绝依靠药物维持健康，所以在50多岁时开始体育锻炼。故选C项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Ashu Jain, a 57-year-old Indian woman who once struggled as a homemaker with exhaustion and social expectations, has now become a social media star and fitness influencer, rewriting the narrative about ageing and motherhood.(57 岁的印度女性阿舒・贾恩（Ashu Jain），曾作为家庭主妇在疲惫与社会期望的重压下艰难前行，如今却摇身一变成为社交媒体明星和健身达人，改写了关于衰老与母性的固有认知)”可知，文章讲述了阿舒在44岁时决定继续深造，54岁开始健身，最终成为社交媒体明星和健身影响者，实现人生转变。这表明重新开始永远不晚。故选B项。 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·山东菏泽·期末） In Antarctica, my team really wanted to capture the moment when emperor penguin (企鹅) chicks jump into the ocean for their first swim. We had been in Antarctica for two months before it was time for these chicks to fledge. Fledging is when birds grow feathers that help them fly or, in the case of penguins, swim. Mom and Dad have headed out to sea for good, and the five-month-old chicks are realizing their parents aren’t coming back: They must hunt for themselves. So these penguin “teenagers” form little groups and start waddling (摇摆) toward the sea together. The young penguins look messy as they shed the soft feathers that keep them warm and grow out their adult swimming feathers. Each has a unique boy-band-style haircut. The penguins must walk about 15 miles from the home atop an enormous ice shelf to reach the water’s edge. We follow the birds from afar on snowmobiles. They crowd together at the end of the path and stare down like, “what’s that?” They’ve never seen the ocean before! To my amazement, I see several hundred chicks gather at the edge of a 50-foot ice cliff! They stand together for four hours, staring at the rough water below. Finally one chick steps in front of the others, waddles to the edge of the cliff and dives off the side. I watch in fear, afraid the bird won’t resurface in the water after the long fall. But then it makes it, back up! It swims farther out to sea, never looking back. At first the other penguins are like “Oh my gosh, what did Steve just do?” But then they realize it’s safe to jump. They begin to pour off the cliff, several little soft balls at a time. Some jump off stylishly, and others slip and fall backward. Some even flap their wings as if they’ll fly. This dive is their entrance into adulthood. They’ll swim out to sea and won’t return to the home for several years. How lucky we are to see this huge moment in their lives. 1. What does fledging mean for penguins? A. They’ll fly like other birds. B. They’ll look for their parents. C. They’ll look cooler than ever. D. They’ll live an independent life. 2. How does the author feel about the young penguins at the cliff? A. Frightened. B. Concerned. C. Exited. D. Confused. 3. Who does “Steve” in the last paragraph refer to? A. The father penguin. B. The author. C. The first penguin to dive. D. The author’s teammate. 4. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. Dive into Adulthood B. Legends of Penguins C. Scenery in Antarctica D. Adventures in Antarctica 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者团队在南极记录帝企鹅幼崽首次跳海游泳，见证它们步入成年这一重要时刻。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Fledging is when birds grow feathers that help them fly or, in the case of penguins, swim. Mom and Dad have headed out to sea for good, and the five-month-old chicks are realizing their parents aren’t coming back: They must hunt for themselves.(长羽是鸟类长出有助于它们飞翔的羽毛，对于企鹅来说，就是有助于它们游泳的羽毛。爸爸妈妈已经永远地出海了，五个月大的企鹅宝宝意识到它们的父母不会回来了：它们必须自己捕猎)”可知，对于企鹅来说，长羽意味着它们将独立生活。故选D。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“I watch in fear, afraid the bird won’t resurface in the water after the long fall. But then it makes it, back up!(我惊恐地看着，担心这只鸟在长时间坠落后不会再次浮出水面。但后来它成功了，又浮了上来!)”可知，作者对于在悬崖边上的小企鹅是担心的。故选B。 【3题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Finally one chick steps in front of the others, waddles to the edge of the cliff and dives off the side.(最后，一只雏鸟走到其他雏鸟前面，摇摇摆摆地走到悬崖边，从侧面跳入水中)”及第三段中“At first the other penguins are like “Oh my gosh, what did Steve just do?” But then they realize it’s safe to jump.(一开始，其他企鹅会说：“哦，我的天哪，Steve刚刚做了什么？”但随后它们意识到跳下去是安全的)”可知，“Steve”指的是第一只跳水的企鹅。故选C。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“This dive is their entrance into adulthood. They’ll swim out to sea and won’t return to the home for several years. How lucky we are to see this huge moment in their lives.(这次跳水是它们进入成年的标志。它们将游向大海，几年内不会回家。我们很幸运能看到它们生命中的这个重要时刻)”可知，文章主要讲述的是作者在南极洲观察帝企鹅幼鸟第一次跳入海洋游泳的情景，展现了企鹅成长过程中的一个重要时刻。所以A项“Dive into Adulthood(跃入成年)”作为标题最合适。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·山东聊城·期末） Severson rarely hiked alone, but partners had been tough to find that Monday. And the day had dawned glorious, so he headed up the trail (小路) sending periodic messages to a friend from his phone as a safeguard. By 1:30 p.m., he was standing on the summit. Despite clouds racing in from the west, Severson didn’t yet realize how severely he’d mistaken in neglecting to check the forecast. He could still see cairns (堆石标) through the decreasing visibility, so he walked downhill quickly. It wasn’t until he reached an unfamiliar low-lying land that he realized he’d gone off course. Severson had followed a different set of cairns, heading east rather than south. He laid low in the forest, but the storm kept building, so he started back up the 2,000-foot slope, hoping to backtrack his steps to the trailhead by flashlight. When darkness fell, snowfall blocked his view. With zero visibility, he found a crack between three stones and lay down. “When my water bottles froze solid before 10 pm, I knew not to fall asleep,” says Severson. Almost, afraid, and with no help coming, be prepared himself for a night out in a September snowstorm. In wind chills down to —30℉, he stretched his muscles to stay warm, wishing he could call his wife. But no cell phone connected. “I never thought I was going to die,” he says. “But I was worried about severe frostbite.” By dawn, when Severson emerged zed and weak, a search was in full swing, but the 50 ground searchers, several rescue dogs, and two helicopters were unable to locate him. “We began to realize that he was hiding from the helicopters, perhaps from embarrassment,” says Cindy Purcell, incident commander for the search. At around 1 p.m., Severson began moving again. He managed to gain the south summit, found his original valley, and, just before dark, encountered the searchers. 1. What led to Severson’s being caught in a snowstorm? A. sending messages constantly. B. Ignoring the weather report. C. Forgetting the position of cairns. D. Falling into an unfamiliar valley. 2. What did Severson try to do by returning to the slope? A. Follow the cairns to the east. B. Shelter himself in the low forest. C. Return to the starting point of the trail. D. Find the way to the narrow low-lying land. 3. How did Severson feel during the night out in a snowstorm? A. He was confident of survival. B. He was afraid of dying at high altitudes. C. He regretted not contacting his wife. D. He enjoyed being alone in the wild. 4. What can we infer from Cindy’s words? A. They were ashamed at not locating Severson. B. They were puzzled by Severson’s absence. C. They were exhausted at the extensive search. D. They were frustrated at Severson’s hiding. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了塞弗森独自徒步，因未查天气预报遇暴风雪迷路，在严寒中熬过一夜，最后在次日下午设法移动，最终遇到搜救人员。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Despite clouds racing in from the west, Severson didn’t yet realize how severely he’d mistaken in neglecting to check the forecast. (尽管西边乌云密布，但塞弗森当时仍未意识到自己在忽略查看天气预报这件事上的错误有多么严重。)”可知，没有听从天气预报导致塞弗森在暴风雪中被困。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“He laid low in the forest, but the storm kept building, so he started back up the 2,000-foot slope, hoping to backtrack his steps to the trailhead by flashlight. (他躲在森林里避风，但暴风雨却愈发猛烈起来，于是他重新爬上那2000英尺高的山坡，希望能借助手电筒的光亮重新回到登山口。)”可知，塞弗森回到斜坡上是想回到这条小径的起点。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“I never thought I was going to die (我从未想过自己会死去)”可知，在暴风雪之夜外出时，塞弗森对自己能幸存下来很有信心。故选A。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““We began to realize that he was hiding from the helicopters, perhaps from embarrassment,” says Cindy Purcell, incident commander for the search. (“我们逐渐意识到，他是在躲避直升机，或许是因为感到难为情。”事故指挥官辛迪·珀塞尔说道。)”可知，他们对塞弗森的失踪感到困惑。故选B。 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·山东德州·期末） Adolescence(青春期)can be full of worries and difficulties, but today’s youth face unique threats in a way not seen by previous generations, according to a new report about their health and well-being. More than one billion people aged 10 to 24 are at risk of poor health outcomes by 2030, which represents at least half of the global adolescent population. The report, published in the Lancet, highlights rising rates of obesity and mental health issues, alongside the impacts of technology and climate change. “Even I was shocked by some of these numbers and future predictions,” says Sarah Baird, a professor at George Washington University and a contributor to the report. “It’s clear we are already in, and will increasingly face, a crisis of poor health among young people.” The report, developed by 44 experts, including ten young people, has analyzed around 550 quality studies since 2021. “Life as an adolescent today is very different from ten years ago,” Baird notes. She emphasizes, “Given all these other important demands for resources, attention, and focus, adolescents have fallen into the background. It’s time to remind everyone of their importance, as ignoring them during this rapid change can be dangerous.” These issues are interconnected; for instance, mental health and weight problems are influenced by technology use and climate worries. Aoife Doyle, a teacher at a London medical school, agrees that adolescent health is critical, “The Lancet report shows that there is too little funding for adolescent health in the government budget, which can’t match the challenges young people face,” she says, “These facts should push governments to fulfill their promises of complete health care services for all young people.” While there is some good news in the report’s findings, such as declining rates of cigarette smoking and better access to education for girls, Baird warns that young people’s health is at “a tipping point” in a fast-changing world. However, she remains hopeful about young people’s strength and determination. “Young people are confident about the future,” she states, “Many want to do their part to create a better tomorrow.” 1. What is the focus of the Lancet report? A. The increasing cost of healthcare. B. The benefits of new technologies. C. The health problems of today’s youth. D. The history of adolescent health studies. 2. What does Baird imply about the current situation of adolescents in paragraph 3? A. They enjoy more resources. B. They are being overlooked now. C. They adapt to new challenges. D. They are trapped in the past. 3. In which aspect should the governments make efforts according to Aoife Doyle? A. Policy. B. Education. C. Investment. D. Innovation. 4. What is Baird’s attitude to the “tipping point” in the last paragraph? A. Pessimistic. B. Concerned. C. Doubtful. D. Confident. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要围绕《柳叶刀》发布的最新报告，揭示当代青少年在肥胖、心理健康、技术依赖和气候变化等方面面临的独特健康威胁，指出全球超半数青少年到2030年可能面临健康风险。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The report, published in the Lancet, highlights rising rates of obesity and mental health issues, alongside the impacts of technology and climate change.(这份发表在《柳叶刀》上的报告强调，肥胖率和心理健康问题正在上升，同时还受到科技与气候变化的影响。)”可知，《柳叶刀》报告重点关注了当今青少年面临的健康问题，包括不断上升的肥胖率、心理健康问题以及科技和气候变化带来的影响。故选C。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“She emphasizes, “Given all these other important demands for resources, attention, and focus, adolescents have fallen into the background. It’s time to remind everyone of their importance, as ignoring them during this rapid change can be dangerous.”(她强调：“由于其他领域对资源、关注和精力的大量需求，青少年群体被边缘化了。是时候提醒所有人他们的重要性了——在这一快速变化的时期忽视他们，可能会带来危险。”)”中的“have fallen into the background”可推测，青少年当前正被忽视。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Aoife Doyle, a teacher at a London medical school, agrees that adolescent health is critical, “The Lancet report shows that there is too little funding for adolescent health in the government budget, which can’t match the challenges young people face,” she says, “These facts should push governments to fulfill their promises of complete health care services for all young people.”(伦敦一所医学院的教师Aoife Doyle也认为青少年健康至关重要：“《柳叶刀》的报告显示，政府预算中用于青少年健康的资金过少，难以应对年轻人面临的挑战。”她表示：“这些事实应当促使各国政府履行承诺，为所有年轻人提供全面的医疗服务。”)”可知，Aoife Doyle认为政府需要在投资方面做出努力，以增加对青少年健康的资金投入。故选C。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“While there is some good news in the report’s findings, such as declining rates of cigarette smoking and better access to education for girls, Baird warns that young people’s health is at “a tipping point” in a fast-changing world. (尽管报告中也有一些好消息，比如吸烟率下降、女孩的受教育机会增加，但Baird警告说，在这个快速变化的世界里，年轻人的健康正处于“临界点”。)”可知，Baird警告年轻人的健康正处于临界点，说明她对此感到担忧。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·山东青岛·期末） To the dynamic beat of Aretha Franklin’s songs, families sit in the crowd at the hall of the Manilla School. They are waiting, eager for the moment when students will participate in a one-of-a-kind program called Spark. The meeting will pair students with volunteer apprentice (学徒) teachers. Lawyers, hair stylists, and software developers will meet up with students who have selected their occupations as the ones they would most like to learn about. Spark apprenticeships provide workplace experiences that bring economically disadvantaged teens into contact with a world they have probably only imagined. Nationally, some 30 percent of US high school students drop out. While improved curricula (课程), better teaching, and modern equipment may be part of the solution, “you have to have the relevance,” says Mr. Balme of his six-year-old Spark program. The gap between those worlds — one of limited expectations and hardship, the other of success and prosperity (繁荣) — hit Balme one day when he was volunteering as a science teacher at a public school in Philadelphia. He was also studying at the Wharton School of Business at the University of Pennsylvania. The public school was in bad shape, with a high dropout rate. While walking back to Wharton, Balme realized he was “seeing all the resources, and yet these kids had no idea what was right there all around them.” That’s when everything fell into place. The problem and the solution were right next to each other. In 2004, he and Melia Dicker founded Spark. Apprenticeships are “not rocket science,” says Holly Depatie, Spark board chair. But other coaching programs, such as Boys and Girls Clubs of America, while pairing youngsters with adults, don’t specifically target learning about jobs. So far, Spark has created more than 700 apprenticeships in the San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles. 1. How does Spark help the students? A. By updating teaching equipment. B. By offering hands-on experiences. C. By financing young apprentices. D. By improving school curricula. 2. What is the major drive for Balme to set up Spark? A. The dropout rate of US high schools. B. The prosperity in famous universities. C. The expectation of disadvantaged teens. D. The imbalance in educational resources. 3. Which word best describes Balme? A. Reserved. B. Grateful. C. Observant. D. Modest. 4. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph? A. To show Spark’s distinction. B. To justify similar programs. C. To tackle Spark’s challenge. D. To criticize current situations. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍了Spark项目，包括其起源、目的、实施方式以及与其他教练项目的区别。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Spark apprenticeships provide workplace experiences that bring economically disadvantaged teens into contact with a world they have probably only imagined.(Spark学徒计划提供了职场经验，让经济状况不佳的青少年接触到一个他们可能只是想象出来的世界。)”可知，该项目通过提供实践经验帮助学生。故选B。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The gap between those worlds — one of limited expectations and hardship, the other of success and prosperity (繁荣) — hit Balme one day when he was volunteering as a science teacher at a public school in Philadelphia.(当Balme在费城的一所公立学校担任科学教师志愿者时，他有一天深刻感受到了这两个世界之间的鸿沟——一个是期望有限、充满艰辛的世界，另一个是成功与繁荣的世界。)”可知，教育资源的不平衡促使他创立Spark。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“The gap between those worlds — one of limited expectations and hardship, the other of success and prosperity (繁荣) — hit Balme one day when he was volunteering as a science teacher at a public school in Philadelphia.(当Balme在费城一所公立学校担任科学教师志愿者时，他有一天深刻感受到了这两个世界之间的鸿沟——一个是期望有限、充满艰辛的世界，另一个是成功与繁荣的世界。)”可知，Balme能发现教育资源的不平衡问题，说明他善于观察的。故选C。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Apprenticeships are “not rocket science,” says Holly Depatie, Spark board chair. But other coaching programs, such as Boys and Girls Clubs of America, while pairing youngsters with adults, don’t specifically target learning about jobs.(Spark董事会主席Holly Depatie表示，学徒“不是火箭科学”。但其他一些培训项目，比如Boys and Girls Clubs of America，虽然将青少年与成年人配对，但并不专门针对学习工作。)”可知，最后一段指出其他辅导项目不像Spark专门针对职业学习，突出了Spark的独特之处。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·山东青州·期末） For Mexican poet Manuel Cuautle who was born in 1971, Chinese poetry possesses two qualities that make it stand out: naturalness and simplicity. From a very young age he has maintained a close relationship with Chinese literature. At first he was an eager reader and later Director of the Mexico City International Poetry Festival, which he has been organizing for a decade. As part of this festival, Cuautle, author of nine collections of poems and the children’s book La Nariz de Manuel (Manuel’s Nose) , has invited two Chinese poets every year for nine years to present their works and give readings in front of a group of Mexicans. Among his favorites are Liu Chang, Yu Jian and Li Cheng'en. The relationship grew even closer in 2013, when his collection of poems The Suicide of the Snail published in Argentina in 2005, was translated into Chinese by Zhang Jin, a teacher of classical Chinese literature. The book contains 18 poems. “I drew a parallel (平行线) between human life and the life of snails, because these animals also have the need to enjoy life. They’re here for a reason, and I turn that reason into poetry. I think my views relate closely to Eastern philosophy,” he explained about the poems. Digging deeper into the topic of language, Cuautle believes that contemporary standard Chinese bears a strong phonetic (语音的) likeness to the language families found in Mesoamerica, a term that refers to a geographical and cultural area which extends from central Mexico down through Central America. Theirs is a kind of brotherhood based on musicality. “If you speak neither standard Chinese nor Purépecha, which is spoken by roughly 175, 000 people in the northwestern region of Michoacán, Mexico, you’ll likely think they’re the same. ” he said. Cuautle went on to say, “If we compare ourselves with the Chinese, we realize there are many similarities. We can draw parallels between formalities, like a respect for your seniors, and even spot some gastronomic (烹任学的) similarities. All these features are attractive to both cultures. ” 1. What can we say about Cuautle? A. He admires Chinese literature deeply. B. He fell in love with poems at a festival. C. He shows little interest in children's literature. D. He finished Manuel’s Nose with two Chinese poets. 2. What do we know about The Suicide of the Snail? A. It is a newly published poem series. B. It is actually against Eastern philosophy. C. It explores human’s negative impact on snails. D. It is a reflection on snails, pleasure and life itself. 3. What does Cuautle think of Purépecha? A. Its users are mostly well-educated. B. It sounds similar to standard Chinese. C. It will soon be adopted in Michoacán. D. Its phonetic system is really confusing. 4. What does the author mainly talk about in the text? A. The growing popularity of poetry around the world. B. The similarities between Mexicans and the Chinese. C. A poet at the Mexico City International Poetry Festival. D. A Mexican wordsmith’s exploration of Chinese culture. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了墨西哥诗人库奥特勒热爱中国文学，其作品与中国文化相关，还探讨了汉语与墨西哥语言的相似性 。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段第二句“From a very young age he has maintained a close relationship with Chinese literature.(从很小的时候起，他就与中国文学保持着密切的关系)”以及第二段“As part of this festival, Cuautle, author of nine collections of poems and the children’s book La Nariz de Manuel (Manuel’s Nose) , has invited two Chinese poets every year for nine years to present their works and give readings in front of a group of Mexicans.(作为这个节日的一部分，拥有九部诗集和儿童读物《曼努埃尔的鼻子》的作者库奥特勒，九年来每年都邀请两位中国诗人展示他们的作品，并在一群墨西哥人面前朗诵)”可知，库奥特勒从小就与中国文学关系密切，还多次邀请中国诗人。由此推知，他深深钦佩中国文学。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“I drew a parallel (平行线) between human life and the life of snails, because these animals also have the need to enjoy life. They’re here for a reason, and I turn that reason into poetry.(我在人类生活和蜗牛的生活之间画了一条平行线，因为这些动物也有享受生活的需要。它们存在是有原因的，我把这个原因写成了诗歌)”可知，《蜗牛的自杀》是对蜗牛的快乐以及生命本身的一种思考和反映。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Digging deeper into the topic of language, Cuautle believes that contemporary standard Chinese bears a strong phonetic (语音的) likeness to the language families found in Mesoamerica, a term that refers to a geographical and cultural area which extends from central Mexico down through Central America.(深入研究语言这个话题，库奥特勒认为，当代标准汉语与中美洲的语系在语音上有很强的相似性，中美洲是一个地理和文化区域，从墨西哥中部一直延伸到中美洲。)”以及第四段最后一句“If you speak neither standard Chinese nor Purépecha, which is spoken by roughly 175, 000 people in the northwestern region of Michoacán, Mexico, you'll likely think they’re the same. (如果你既不会说标准汉语，也不会说普雷佩查语，而普雷佩查语是墨西哥米却肯州西北部大约17.5万人所说的语言，你可能会认为它们是一样的)”可知，库奥特勒认为普雷佩查语听起来与标准汉语相似。故选B项。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了墨西哥诗人曼努埃尔・库奥特勒对中国文学的热爱，他的作品与中国文化的联系，以及他对汉语和墨西哥当地语言相似性的看法等内容，也就是一个墨西哥文字工作者（诗人）对中国文化的探索。故选D项。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·山东济宁·期末） When mass commercialism and art mix, artistic integrity often suffers. I acknowledge artists need enough money to live on. Nevertheless, I don’t think art should be about trying to make as much money as humanly possible, and I can’t imagine ever being convinced otherwise. Visual arts have often been a place for artists who stay true to their art to express themselves. Van Gogh sold one painting during his lifetime and is now considered one of the best artists ever to have lived. Although his lack of commercial success was a source of suffering during his lifetime, it was probably also a cause of his uniqueness. Van Gogh did not have artistic agents giving him market feedback, and he didn’t bend to market demands in order to sell it. The danger of pieces of art being sold for unreasonable amounts of money is that artists turn their works into brands. When art accumulates (积聚) that much commercial value, it starts being seen in the same way as a really flashy car that is too expensive to risk driving. A piece of art gets bought by a millionaire, and to accumulate value and minimize the risk of damage, he keeps it in his private museum. Ultimately, few people get the chance to appreciate it, especially since art museums can’t keep up with rising art prices. Even galleries as big as Tate Britain only have acquisition budgets of £5 million, and with the upcoming government’ s cuts to the arts, this purchasing power will decrease continuously. There’s a reason why Mark Rothko turned down the commission (委托制作) from the Four Seasons Restaurant. Rothko recognized how damaging the idea of making art purely for a paycheck is. He did not want his paintings to be merely used as decorative items in a luxurious restaurant, but hoped that they could be placed in a more suitable place where people could truly feel the spiritual power of his works. 1. How does the author find the commercialization of art? A. Profitable. B. Destructive. C. Unavoidable. D. Productive. 2. What does the author intend to do by mentioning Van Gogh? A. Present a story. B. Explain a viewpoint. C. Criticize a trend. D. Introduce an artist. 3. What consequence does high-priced art bring? A. It degrades the quality of art. B. It facilitates massive copying. C. It boosts art galleries’ budget. D. It restricts public enjoyment. 4. Which of the following would Mark Rothko agree on? A. Art ought to maintain its purity. B. Art may exist in every little corner. C. Artworks often goes unrecognized. D. Artworks are no more than decorations. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨艺术商业化对艺术完整性的破坏及相关案例和影响。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“When mass commercialism and art mix, artistic integrity often suffers.(当大规模的商业主义与艺术混合在一起时，艺术的完整性往往会受到损害。)”可知，作者认为艺术商业化具有破坏性。故选B项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Van Gogh sold one painting during his lifetime and is now considered one of the best artists ever to have lived. Although his lack of commercial success was a source of suffering during his lifetime, it was probably also a cause of his uniqueness. Van Gogh did not have artistic agents giving him market feedback, and he didn’t bend to market demands in order to sell it.(梵高一生只卖出过一幅画，现在却被认为是有史以来最伟大的艺术家之一。尽管他在生前缺乏商业上的成功是痛苦的根源，但这也可能是他独特性的原因之一。梵高没有艺术经纪人给他人市场反馈，他也没有为了销售而屈从于市场需求。)”可知，作者提及梵高是为了说明不迎合市场需求能保持艺术的独特性，以此解释自己关于艺术不应过度商业化的观点。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A piece of art gets bought by a millionaire, and to accumulate value and minimize the risk of damage, he keeps it in his private museum. Ultimately, few people get the chance to appreciate it, especially since art museums can’t keep up with rising art prices.(一件艺术品被百万富翁买下，为了增值和将损坏风险降到最低，他把它放在自己的私人博物馆里。最终，很少有人有机会欣赏它，尤其是因为艺术博物馆跟不上不断上涨的艺术品价格。)”可知，高价艺术品会限制公众对其的欣赏。故选D项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Rothko recognized how damaging the idea of making art purely for a paycheck is. He did not want his paintings to be merely used as decorative items in a luxurious restaurant, but hoped that they could be placed in a more suitable place where people could truly feel the spiritual power of his works.(罗斯科认识到，纯粹为了薪水而创作艺术的想法是多么有害。他不希望自己的画作仅仅被用作豪华餐厅的装饰品，而是希望它们能被放置在一个更合适的地方，让人们能真正感受到他作品的精神力量。)”可推断，马克·罗斯科认为艺术应该保持其纯粹性，不应沦为商业工具或装饰。故选A项。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·山东枣庄·期末） In March, Lencia Kebede made her Broadway debut (首演) as the first black actor to play Elphaba full-time in the musical Wicked. Premiered in 2003, the play tells the story of Elphaba and Glinda, the witches from the book The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, and is one of the most popular musicals in the world. Kebede, aged 30, is the daughter of Ethiopian immigrants and grew up in Los Angeles, California. Her path to Broadway was unexpected. She studied diplomacy and politics at Occidental College and originally planned to work in law or public service. But during her senior year, Kebede decided to follow her passion for performing. After graduating from college in 2016, she pursued a career in musical theater. Kebede’s early roles included a national tour of the Broadway musical Rent and a show at Tokyo Disney. She then spent five years touring with Hamilton, playing one of the lead roles as Angelica Schuyler. Elphaba is known to be a challenging role that involves singing, acting, and being lifted into the air during the famous song “Defying Gravity”. When Kebede first sang that song for a Broadway audience, she was supported by more than 60 family members and friends in attendance. “I really felt like I was flying,” she said. In a social media post after her debut, Kebede reflected on her journey and the many times she sang “Defying Gravity” as a child. She shared a lyric from the song “Somewhere Over the Rainbow” from The Wizard of Oz: “The dreams that you dare to dream do come true.” 1. Why is the musical Wicked special to Lencia Kebede? A. She’s a co-author of the original work. B. It’s the first play she has ever acted in. C. It’s the beginning of her acting career. D. She’s the first black full-time heroine. 2. What has made Kebede change her career? A. Her childhood interest. B. Her family background. C. Her passion for acting. D. Her major in the college. 3. Which challenge is specifically mentioned about playing Elphaba? A. Memorizing the lyrics of songs. B. Performing two-way dances. C. Appealing to different audiences. D. Singing and acting in the air. 4. Why did Kebede share the lyric in the post? A. To recall her early acting journey. B. To reflect on her academic life. C. To show belief in pursuing a dream. D. To criticize the theater industry. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D 4. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了30 岁的埃塞俄比亚移民之女 Lencia Kebede，放弃原规划投身音乐剧，成首位全职饰演《魔法坏女巫》Elphaba 的黑人演员，借歌词彰显逐梦信念。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In March, Lencia Kebede made her Broadway debut (首演) as the first black actor to play Elphaba full-time in the musical Wicked.( 今年3月，Lencia Kebede作为第一个在音乐剧《魔法坏女巫》中全职扮演Elphaba的黑人演员首次在百老汇亮相。)”可知，Lencia Kebede 是第一位在音乐剧《魔法坏女巫》（Wicked）中全职饰演 Elphaba 的黑人演员，这就是这部音乐剧对她来说特殊的原因。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But during her senior year, Kebede decided to follow her passion for performing.( 但在她大四的时候，Kebede决定追随她对表演的热情。)”以及第三段“After graduating from college in 2016, she pursued a career in musical theater.( 2016年大学毕业后，她开始了音乐剧的职业生涯。)”可知，是她对表演的热情让她决定改变职业道路。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Elphaba is known to be a challenging role that involves singing, acting, and being lifted into the air during the famous song “Defying Gravity”.( 众所周知，Elphaba是一个具有挑战性的角色，包括唱歌，表演，以及在著名的歌曲“Defying Gravity”中被提升到空中。)”可知，饰演 Elphaba 的一个具体挑战是在演唱和表演的同时还要在空中（被吊起）。故选D项。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“She shared a lyric from the song “Somewhere Over the Rainbow” from The Wizard of Oz: “The dreams that you dare to dream do come true.”(她分享了《绿野仙踪》中的歌曲《Somewhere Over the Rainbow》中的歌词：“你敢于梦想的梦想就会实现。”)”可知，她分享这句歌词是为了表达对追逐梦想的信念。故选C项。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·山东淄博·期末） In the summer of 2019, I started a solo backpacking trip along the Appalachian Trail, a 2,000-mile journey that tested my physical and mental limits. What began as a quest for solitude (独处) quickly became a transformative experience, revealing the power of resilience (韧性) and human connection. On the third day, a violent storm struck, leaving me trapped in a dense forest. My tent was torn apart by the wind, and my supplies were scattered. As I took shelter under a tree, shaking and all wet, I questioned my decision to undertake this journey alone. Yet, in that moment of vulnerability, I discovered an inner strength I never knew existed. I recalled psychologist Albert Bandura’s theory of self-efficacy (自我效能感), which assumes that overcoming challenges boosts one’s belief in their capabilities. This realization fueled my determination to rebuild my shelter and continue. The storm also brought unexpected friendship. A group of fellow hikers, noticing my trouble, offered me food and shared their tent. Their kindness contradicted my initial assumption that solitude was essential for self-discovery. Sociologist Robert Putnam’s concept of “social capital” came to mind — networks of support that enhance resilience. Through shared stories and mutual aid, we formed a temporary community, proving that interdependence does not cut down strength but multiplies it. By the end of the trip, I realized the trail was more than a physical challenge. It was a metaphor for life’s barriers. Each blister (水疱), navigational error, and moment of doubt taught me that resilience is built through experience, not inborn. The journey reshaped my view of solitude and community, showing that true growth happens when we embrace both independence and connection. 1. What initially motivated the author to hike the Appalachian Trail? A. A profound fascination with nature. B. A search for spending time alone. C. A desire to test physical endurance. D. A wish to meet some fellow hikers. 2. What does the underlined word “vulnerability” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Confidence. B. Determination. C. Weakness. D. Anger. 3. Why does the author mention Putnam’s concept of “social capital”? A. To show support networks boost endurance. B. To compare different psychological theories. C. To recommend team-based hiking. D. To challenge self-reliance in solitude. 4. What does the author’s experience convey? A. The incredible power of solitude. B. The value of interpersonal connection. C. The thrill of solo-hiking adventures. D. The joint effect of self-reliance and social ties. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在2019年夏天独自徒步阿巴拉契亚小径的经历，通过风暴中的困境与他人帮助，作者重新理解了韧性、独处与人际连接的意义，最终获得成长。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“What began as a quest for solitude (独处) quickly became a transformative experience, revealing the power of resilience (韧性) and human connection.(起初是为了寻求独处，很快却成了一次改变自我的经历，揭示了韧性和人际关系的力量)”可知，作者最初徒步阿巴拉契亚小径是为了寻求独处。故选B。 【2题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“My tent was torn apart by the wind, and my supplies were scattered. As I took shelter under a tree, shaking and all wet, I questioned my decision to undertake this journey alone.(我的帐篷被风吹得支离破碎，物资也散落一地。我躲在一棵树下，浑身湿透，瑟瑟发抖，开始怀疑自己独自踏上这段旅程的决定)”可知，作者当时处于脆弱无助的状态，所以vulnerability意思是“脆弱”，与Weakness意思相近。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Sociologist Robert Putnam’s concept of ‘social capital’ came to mind — networks of support that enhance resilience.(社会学家罗伯特·帕特南的‘社会资本’概念浮现在脑海中——增强韧性的支持网络)”以及“Through shared stories and mutual aid, we formed a temporary community, proving that interdependence does not cut down strength but multiplies it.(通过分享故事和相互帮助，我们形成了一个临时社区，证明了相互依存并不会削弱力量，反而会增强力量)”可知，作者提到帕特南的“社会资本”概念是为了说明支持网络能增强人的韧性。故选A。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The journey reshaped my view of solitude and community, showing that true growth happens when we embrace both independence and connection.(这段旅程重塑了我对独处和群体的看法，让我明白，真正的成长发生在我们既拥抱独立又拥抱联系的时候)” 可知，作者的经历传达了自力更生和人际关系的共同作用。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高二下·山东菏泽·期末） I’ve always loved books. When I was a child, I would bring them everywhere. I became a reader in the absence of digital audiobooks, and they never really entered my world of reading. Nevertheless, with the rise of smartphones, audiobooks have exploded in popularity, and as with any new interest, new criticisms have risen in response — audiobooks aren’t really books, and that listening to them isn’t really reading. I’ll admit, I used to think that audiobooks “didn’t count” because you could listen to them passively. One of my biggest annoyances is wandering during an audiobook and realizing I have no idea where I stopped paying attention. And I’m also still a print book lover — I hate ebooks, and I only use them when it’s tough to get a book any other way. But I have grown to love audiobooks for the distinct advantages they offer — for example, some have voice actors do distinctive voices for different characters, or actually put melody to songs that only have lyrics in the written text. A great example is Cary Elwes’ As You Wish: Inconceivable Tales from the Making of The Princess Bride. Elwes narrates the book himself, and brings other actors from the film like Mandy Patinkin and Robin Wright from the film to narrate their own sections. That’s just an experience you’re never going to get with a paperback (平装书). Sometimes I prefer an audiobook. It’s the only way to read if I’m on a long drive or if I want to do multitasks. Sometimes I prefer a book. I love the way books feel in my hands, I love flipping pages, and I love collecting bookmarks. Engage with books however you want. Buy them, get them from the library, borrow them from friends, download them online, it doesn’t matter. Don’t we have better uses for our time than to pick apart how other people take in information? 1. What is paragraph 1 mainly about? A. An issue about audiobooks. B. An opinion about print books. C. A reading story in childhood. D. A popular belief of digital reading. 2. What did the author think of audiobooks before? A. Listening to them was really reading. B. Listening to them was a passive involvement. C. He knew where he was when listening to them. D. He thought it easier to find them than print books. 3. Why does the author mention Cary Elwes’ audiobook? A. To introduce its actors. B. To show his reading preference. C. To highlight its unique features. D. To share his reading experience. 4. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A. It’s beneficial to choose one reading way. B. It’s useful to know about others’ reading time. C. It’s necessary to obtain various reading resources. D. It’s practical to use different ways of reading books. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了有声书的争议及作者对其态度的转变，主张以多种方式读书。 【1题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“I’ve always loved books. When I was a child, I would bring them everywhere. I became a reader in the absence of digital audiobooks, and they never really entered my world of reading. Nevertheless, with the rise of smartphones, audiobooks have exploded in popularity, and as with any new interest, new criticisms have risen in response — audiobooks aren’t really books, and that listening to them isn’t really reading.(我一直很爱书。小时候，我走到哪儿都会带着书。在没有数字有声书的年代，我就成了一名读者，而有声书也从未真正走进我的阅读世界。然而，随着智能手机的兴起，有声书迅速走红，就像任何新事物都会引发关注一样，针对有声书的批评也随之而来——有人说有声书算不上真正的书，听有声书也算不上真正的阅读)”可知，第一段主要讲的是有声书的一个问题，即“有声书算不上真正的书，听有声书也算不上真正的阅读”。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“I’ll admit, I used to think that audiobooks “didn’t count” because you could listen to them passively.(我得承认，我以前也觉得有声书“不算数”，因为你可以被动地听)”可知，作者以前认为听有声书是一种被动的参与。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“But I have grown to love audiobooks for the distinct advantages they offer — for example, some have voice actors do distinctive voices for different characters, or actually put melody to songs that only have lyrics in the written text. A great example is Cary Elwes’ As You Wish: Inconceivable Tales from the Making of The Princess Bride. Elwes narrates the book himself, and brings other actors from the film like Mandy Patinkin and Robin Wright from the film to narrate their own sections. That’s just an experience you’re never going to get with a paperback.(但我逐渐爱上了有声书，因为它们有独特的优势——例如，有些有声书会让配音演员为不同的角色做不同的声音，或者为只有书面歌词的歌曲配上旋律。一个很好的例子是Cary Elwes的《如你所愿：公主新娘制作中不可思议的故事》。Elwes自己讲述了这本书，并邀请了电影中的其他演员，如Mandy Patinkin和Robin Wright，来讲述他们自己的部分。这是你在平装书中永远无法获得的体验)”可知，作者提到Cary Elwes的有声书是为了突出有声书有独特的优势。故选C。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Sometimes I prefer an audiobook. It’s the only way to read if I’m on a long drive or if I want to do multitasks. Sometimes I prefer a book. I love the way books feel in my hands, I love flipping pages, and I love collecting bookmarks.(有时我更喜欢有声书。如果我在长途驾驶或想同时做多项任务，这是唯一的阅读方式。有时我更喜欢纸质书。我喜欢书在我手里的感觉，我喜欢翻页，我喜欢收集书签)”和最后一段“Engage with books however you want. Buy them, get them from the library, borrow them from friends, download them online, it doesn’t matter.(以任何你喜欢的方式与书互动。买它们，从图书馆借，从朋友那里借，在网上下载，都没关系)”可知，作者认为使用不同的阅读方式是实用的，无论选择哪种阅读方式都有其独特的优势。故选D。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高二下·山东莱州·期末） My three boys were infatuated (迷恋) with building blocks as children, and my husband would play with them, teaching the concept of a “stable base”. But I was the one alone with the kids day after day, enduring soul-crushing afternoons on the floor of the playroom. I remember when the boys were about 3, 7 and 8, feeling like it was an eternity until my husband would get home, and I was thinking: “Lego again? Didn’t we just do this yesterday?” Those hours seemed to go on forever. Of the three, my middle child, Aaron, was the one I couldn’t always understand. We moved from Ohio to the Bay Area. He’d always been change averse. He was unhappy, wailing for days like King Lear in the storm: “Why is everything different?” So how did Aaron find his balance? Aaron continued building with Lego even as his peers outgrew it. In middle school, he found an online group of enthusiasts who shared designs. By high school, he had discovered the “adult fans of Lego” community. During college, he started accepting commission(委托) work. After graduating, he continued with larger and better-paying commissions, cobbling (拼凑) together a burgeoning career. A few years after he graduated, he was hired by Lego. He and his wife now live in Billund, Denmark. Last fall, when Aaron and I went to the Lego store at Rockefeller Center, I felt like I got a glimpse into the center of his soul. We saw sets he’d designed, and he told me about fellow designers. I realize the concept of the “stable base” that my husband taught him all those years ago has become a metaphor for Aaron’s life: Lego is where he feels the most calm, happy and competent. He needs things to make sense in the way Lego makes sense. The time has gone too fast. I have a new and profound connection to Aaron. When I dump out a bag of the little plastic bricks and start sorting through them, just the mere sound brings me back, to remember and to feel the essence of my son, however far away he might be. 1. How did the author feel when building Lego with her children? A. Energetic. B. Content. C. Bored. D. Anxious. 2. What can we infer about Aaron? A. He usually keeps others at a distance. B. He is slow in adapting to life changes. C. His hobby changed as he grew up. D. He immersed himself in a virtual community. 3. What did the author realize after visiting the Lego store with Aaron? A. A stable base is important. B. A designer has a calm soul. C. Lego is her son’s “stable base”. D. It is meaningful to build Lego. 4. What does Lego mean to the author now? A. A bridge to connect with her son. B. A reminder of her happy childhood. C. A game to escape from life boredom. D. A passion for an endless imaginative world. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者与儿子Aaron之间关于乐高积木的故事，以及乐高如何成为Aaron生活中的重要组成部分，并最终成为他的职业道路。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“I remember when the boys were about 3, 7 and 8, feeling like it was an eternity until my husband would get home, and I was thinking: “Lego again? Didn’t we just do this yesterday?” Those hours seemed to go on forever.(我记得孩子们大概3岁、7岁和8岁的时候，感觉在丈夫回家之前的时间无比漫长，我当时就在想：“又玩乐高？我们昨天不是刚玩过吗？”那些时光似乎无穷无尽。)”可知，作者觉得在丈夫回家之前的时间很漫长，并且对于又要和孩子们玩乐高表示出厌烦，那些和孩子们玩乐高的时光似乎无穷无尽。故选C。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We moved from Ohio to the Bay Area. He’d always been change averse. He was unhappy, wailing for days like King Lear in the storm: “Why is everything different?”(我们从俄亥俄州搬到了旧金山湾区。他向来不喜欢改变。他很不开心，像暴风雨中的李尔王一样哀号了好几天：“为什么一切都不一样了？”)”可知，Aaron一直不喜欢改变，当从俄亥俄州搬到旧金山湾区时，他不开心，像暴风雨中的李尔王一样哀号了好几天，这说明他在适应生活变化方面比较慢。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“I realize the concept of the “stable base” that my husband taught him all those years ago has become a metaphor for Aaron’s life: Lego is where he feels the most calm, happy and competent. He needs things to make sense in the way Lego makes sense.(我意识到，多年前我丈夫教他的“稳固基础”概念，已经成了亚伦人生的一个隐喻：乐高是让他感到最平静、快乐和自信的地方。他需要事物像乐高那样有章可循。)”可知，作者和Aaron去了乐高店后，意识到多年前丈夫教 Aaron 的“稳固基础”概念已经成为Aaron生活的一个隐喻，乐高是让他感到最平静、快乐和自信的地方，即乐高是Aaron的“稳固基础”。故选C。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The time has gone too fast. I have a new and profound connection to Aaron. When I dump out a bag of the little plastic bricks and start sorting through them, just the mere sound brings me back, to remember and to feel the essence of my son, however far away he might be. (时间过得太快了。我和Aaron之间建立了一种全新的、深厚的联系。当我倒出一袋小小的塑料积木并开始整理时，仅仅是那声音就能把我带回到过去，让我想起儿子，感受到他的本质，无论他身在多远的地方。)”可知，作者现在和Aaron之间有了一种全新的、深厚的联系。当她倒出一袋小塑料积木并开始整理时，积木的声音能让她想起儿子，感受到儿子的本质，即便儿子远在他乡。这表明乐高成为了作者与儿子之间联系的桥梁。故选A。 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25学年高二下·山东东营·期末） Poetry is maybe the most human of all human endeavors, which is thought least likely to be taken over by AI. But according to a recent study, this is not so, as non-experts rate AI poetry higher than poetry written by humans. The researchers chose 10 famous poets: Samuel Butler, Geoffrey Chaucer, William Shakespeare... They then asked ChatGTP 3.5 to write poems in the style of each poet. And they asked the participants, who were not experts, to rate the work on 14 scales, like profundity, rhythm, originality, imagery, beauty, emotion, and overall quality. What was surprising indeed is that most of these non-experts, when they were not told whether a poem was composed by AI or by a human systematically, ranked the ones that were actually written by AI higher than the ones written by humans. What does this experiment show exactly? The researchers are very clear that these findings were limited to non-experts. The research team’s own explanation has to do with participants’ lack of expertise, concluding that these non-experts preferred the AI poetry because it was less complicated, and more straightforward This must be part of the story, but it’s not the whole story. Take another deeply human endeavor, wine-tasting, as an example. It was first reported that non-experts are very bad at making the simplest distinctions about wine, but shortly afterwards it was found that experts make the same kind of mistakes and sometimes they in fact made more mistakes. Plus, it is usually tricky to do experiments on aesthetic (美学) appreciation. This experiment was about the participants’ self-report about their experiences and, as we know from literally thousands of studies, self-reports can be misleading in most contexts. So this experiment was not about the real aesthetic experience of poetry, which is what really maters. It was about what participants thought about their aesthetic experience. The study is important and creative. But it doesn’t show that promising poets should abandon their passion. Not yet, anyway. 1. What is the second paragraph mainly about? A. The process of the experiment. B. The principle of the experiment. C. The subject of the experiment. D. The result of the experiment. 2. Why does the author mention “wine-tasting” in paragraph 5? A. To compare poetry with wine. B. To show non-experts’ preferences. C. To prove the research findings. D. To argue against the team’s explanation. 3. What can be inferred about the non-experts according to the text? A. They showed good aesthetic appreciation skills. B. They had prior experience in evaluating poetic quality. C. They rated the poems based on their aesthetic experience. D. They were expert in distinguishing AI poetry from human poetry. 4. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of human poetry? A. Optimistic. B. Indifferent. C. Critical. D. Doubtful. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨AI诗歌在非专家评价中得分高于人类诗歌的现象及背后的争议。 【1题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The researchers chose 10 famous poets: Samuel Butler, Geoffrey Chaucer, William Shakespeare... They then asked ChatGTP 3.5 to write poems in the style of each poet. And they asked the participants, who were not experts, to rate the work on 14 scales, like profundity, rhythm, originality, imagery, beauty, emotion, and overall quality.(研究人员选择了10位著名诗人：塞缪尔·巴特勒、杰弗里·乔叟、威廉·莎士比亚……然后他们让ChatGTP 3.5模仿每位诗人的风格写诗。他们还让非专家参与者从14个维度对这些作品进行评分，如深刻性、韵律、独创性、意象、美感、情感和整体质量)”可知，该段详细描述了实验的具体操作步骤，即实验过程。故选A项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“This must be part of the story, but it’s not the whole story. Take another deeply human endeavor, wine-tasting, as an example. It was first reported that non-experts are very bad at making the simplest distinctions about wine, but shortly afterwards it was found that experts make the same kind of mistakes and sometimes they in fact made more mistakes.(这一定是部分原因，但并非全部。以另一项极具人类特色的活动——品酒为例。最初有报道称，非专家在对葡萄酒进行最简单的区分时表现很差，但不久之后发现，专家也会犯同样的错误，有时甚至犯更多的错误)”可推知，作者提到品酒是为了反驳研究团队关于“非专家因缺乏专业知识而更偏好AI诗歌”的解释，说明专家也可能犯错，不能仅将原因归结于非专家的专业性不足。故选D项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中的“This experiment was about the participants’ self-report about their experiences and, as we know from literally thousands of studies, self-reports can be misleading in most contexts. So this experiment was not about the real aesthetic experience of poetry, which is what really maters. It was about what participants thought about their aesthetic experience.(这个实验是关于参与者对自己体验的自我报告，正如我们从成千上万的研究中所知道的，在大多数情况下，自我报告可能会产生误导。所以这个实验并不是关于诗歌真正的审美体验，而这才是真正重要的。它是关于参与者对自己审美体验的看法)”可推断，非专家是根据自己的审美体验来给诗歌评分的，只是这种自我报告可能存在误导性。故选C项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The study is important and creative. But it doesn’t show that promising poets should abandon their passion. Not yet, anyway.(这项研究既重要又有创意。但这并不意味着有前途的诗人应该放弃他们的热情。至少现在还不是)”可知，作者认为该研究虽有意义，但并不能说明人类诗歌会被AI取代，对人类诗歌的未来持乐观态度。故选A项。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高二下·山东五莲·期末） Ladakh, in the trans-Himalayas, with its vast, uninhabited and stunning landscapes, has fascinated me since my first visit 20 years ago. In 2011, my fifth time in Ladakh, the region’s raw beauty held an entirely different pull — one that seemed to hum with an ancient energy, a force I hadn’t noticed before. In the very bones of the land lay a collection of prehistoric carvings known as petroglyphs, the only remains of prehistoric human presence in the area. Seeing these carvings, I couldn’t shake the feeling that I was witnessing something far deeper than I had imagined. There was an urgency to document them, as centuries-old carvings were being destroyed under the pressures of development. As a mountain enthusiast always seeking adventures, this attractive art drew me in, like a moth to a flame, beginning a decade-long journey of discovery and documentation. These markings were not just carvings on rock but reflections of an ancient culture we know little about. Despite tough living conditions, these huntergatherers still found ways to convey their beliefs and observations through highly stylized forms, reflecting the deep artistic desire that has always been a part of the human — long before the rise of civilized society. As artist and anthropologist Desmond Morris put it, “It is as if the human species were incapable of being artless regardless of material circumstances.” To bring these open-air art galleries to a wider audience, I wanted to create something that had not been attempted before by using specialized photography techniques with my focus being on distribution, styles and creative range. It was no small matter, given the vastness of Ladakh, my ambition to capture art from every region, the limited windows of opportunity, and the harsh conditions I faced. Not to mention, all my trips were personally funded. When the book — Speaking Stones: Rock Art of Ladakh — was named a finalist for the Banff Mountain Book Award in 2024, I was honored, but the recognition was secondary. My true reward was a deeper connection with time and nature through a vast unbroken string, binding us all together. 1. What drove the author to document the petroglyphs? A. The threat of regional progress. B. The appeal of amazing scenery. C. A search for thrilling experiences. D. A childhood bond with ancient art. 2. What can we learn from Morris’s quote in paragraph 3? A. Art is the mirror of nature. B. Art inspires human wisdom. C. Art is deeply rooted in humans. D. Art can’t exist without materials. 3. Which can best describe the process of creating the book? A. Systematic. B. Brain-tearing. C. Painstaking. D. Eventful. 4. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A. Tasting the Past: The Analysis of Petroglyph B. Written in Stone: Ladakh’s Timeless Artistry C. Guarding the Rocks: A Saver of Ladakh’s Heritage D. Carved by Time: A Record of Himalayan Geography 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因拉达克岩画面临开发破坏而投入十年记录，揭示其作为人类艺术本能体现的价值，并通过书籍向世界传播这一文化遗产。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“There was an urgency to document them, as centuries-old carvings were being destroyed under the pressures of development. (记录这些石刻变得紧迫，因为数百年的雕刻正在发展的压力下遭到破坏。)”可知，区域发展的威胁导致岩画正在被破坏，作者受此驱使决定进行记录。故选A项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中Desmond Morris所说的话“It is as if the human species were incapable of being artless regardless of material circumstances. (人类似乎无论如何都无法脱离艺术，即便在物质条件匮乏的情况下。)”可知，Morris强调人类天生具有艺术表达的本能，与物质条件无关。因此，C项“艺术深植于人类本性中”准确概括了这一思想。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It was no small matter, given the vastness of Ladakh, my ambition to capture art from every region, the limited windows of opportunity, and the harsh conditions I faced. Not to mention, all my trips were personally funded. (这绝非易事，考虑到拉达克的广袤、我想记录所有地区艺术的野心、有限的时机以及严酷的条件，更不用说所有行程都是自费。)”可知，在这一过程中作者面临各种艰难和挑战，因此这是艰辛的。A. Systematic系统性的；B. Brain-tearing烧脑的；C.Painstaking辛苦的；D. Eventful多事的。故选C项。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“As a mountain enthusiast always seeking adventures, this attractive art drew me in, like a moth to a flame, beginning a decade-long journey of discovery and documentation. (作为一位始终追寻冒险的登山爱好者，这些迷人的艺术如同火焰吸引飞蛾般令我着迷，由此开启了我长达十年的探索与记录之旅。)”和第三段中“These markings were not just carvings on rock but reflections of an ancient culture we know little about. (这些刻痕绝非仅仅是岩石上的雕刻，更是我们对之一无所知的远古文化的映射。)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者记录拉达克史前岩画，探索其作为古代艺术的价值，并出版书籍的经历。因此，B项“刻于石上：拉达克的永恒艺术”涵盖岩画和艺术性，且Timeless呼应文中古代与现代的连接，最适合作为文章标题。故选B项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $