内容正文:
语法填空必刷:模拟题 + 名校联考题 易错考点全突破
第一组 单句长难句语法填空
请结合句子语法结构、时态逻辑、固定搭配,每空填入一个单词,横线处规范书写答案,全部为高考高频核心考点,重点贴合原文基础语法点。
1. These tiny plastic beads, which ______ (arrange) on pegboards and fused with heat to create pixelated designs, have exploded in popularity among young people.
2. ______ (originate) in Sweden in the 1970s as a therapeutic tool for older adults, perler beads were later adopted as a children’s toy in North America.
3. In China, they were once an uncommon hobby, but ______ (go) mainstream so far.
4. Social media platforms are flooded with creative works, from cute fridge magnets and keychains to intricate art pieces, and ______ related topics have gained billions of views.
5. Many young people find the ______ (repeat), meditative process of placing each bead by hand to be a calming escape from the stresses of daily life.
6. It has also become a social activity, with friends gathering at DIY ______ (studio) to create together.
7. This resurgence of a “retro” craft shows that ______ trends may change, the human desire to create and connect remains the same.
8. Thousands of self-named “TikTok refugees” are flooding to Xiaohongshu, ______ Chinese social media platform.
9. The US Supreme Court is expected to decide ______ TikTok can continue operating in the country before the January 19 deadline.
10. By the end of last week, Xiaohongshu ______ (download) the most, ranking the top on Apple’s US App Store.
11. Originally launched in 2013 ______ a lifestyle platform, Xiaohongshu boasts over 300 million monthly active users.
12. Some Chinese users are going the extra miles ______ (guide) international newcomers on Xiaohongshu.
13. A user named Eddy Liu created a group chat offering in-depth analyses on mastering Xiaohongshu, while others have posted ______ (instruction) to make the app more accessible.
14. Miss Fifty Yuan, a graduate from Fudan University, ______ (author) a beginner’s guide to Chinese Internet slang previously.
15. Chinese and US users are ______ (enthusiastic) sharing photos of their pets as they make their first interactions on Xiaohongshu.
16. US users have humorously nicknamed these images as the “Cat Tax”, ______ (refer) to a playful exchange for engagement with Chinese users.
第一组 标准答案+逐题详细核心知识点(方法指导+易错避雷+背诵要点)
1. 答案:are arranged 核心知识点:一般现在时被动语态。主语these tiny plastic beads(复数)与arrange(安排、摆放)是被动关系(珠子被摆放在钉板上);句子描述的是Perler beads的常规用法,时态为一般现在时,被动语态结构为“are+过去分词”,arrange的过去分词是arranged。解题思维:先判断主被动(物作主语,多为被动),再判断时态(无过去/将来时间标志,用一般现在时),最后确定be动词形式(复数主语用are)。易错点:① 误写arrange(主动语态,逻辑错误);② 漏用be动词(如arranged,无被动含义);③ 时态错误(误写were arranged,无过去时间标志)。拓展背诵:The books are arranged on the shelf neatly. 书被整齐地摆放在书架上。
2. 答案:Originating 核心知识点:非谓语动词现在分词作状语。perler beads与originate(起源于)是主动关系(珠子起源于瑞典),现在分词置于句首,表主动、伴随,作原因/伴随状语。解题思维:主句已有谓语were adopted,无连词连接,空格动词作状语,与逻辑主语(perler beads)是主动关系,用doing形式。易错点:① 误写Originated(被动关系,逻辑错误,珠子是主动起源,不是被起源);② 误写To originate(不定式表目的,语境不符,此处不表“为了起源”);③ 首字母小写(句首单词首字母需大写)。拓展背诵:Originating in ancient China, paper-cutting is a traditional folk art. 剪纸起源于中国古代,是一种传统民间艺术。
3. 答案:have gone 核心知识点:现在完成时。时间标志词so far(到目前为止),表动作从过去开始,持续到现在,主语they(复数),用“have+过去分词”,go的过去分词是gone。解题思维:看到so far,直接锁定现在完成时,复数主语用have,牢记go的不规则过去分词是gone(易错拼写)。易错点:① 误写went(一般过去时,无持续含义,与so far不搭配);② 误写has gone(主谓不一致,复数主语用have);③ 拼写错误(gone误写为went)。拓展背诵:He has lived in this city so far. 到目前为止,他一直住在这座城市。
4. 答案:the 核心知识点:定冠词用法。空格后related topics(相关话题)特指前文提到的“creative works(创意作品)”相关的话题,表特指,用the修饰复数名词。解题思维:名词前有定语(related),且特指前文提到的内容,用the。易错点:① 误写a(a修饰单数名词,此处topics是复数);② 零冠词(无冠词表泛指,不符合语境,此处是特指创意作品的相关话题)。拓展背诵:The books on the desk are mine. 桌子上的那些书是我的(特指)。
5. 答案:repetitive 核心知识点:词性转换。动词repeat(重复)→形容词repetitive(重复的),形容词修饰名词process(过程),与meditative(冥想的)并列,共同修饰process。解题思维:看到名词前有逗号隔开的并列形容词(meditative),空格需填形容词,repeat的形容词形式是repetitive(注意拼写,不是repeating,repeating表“正在重复的”,此处表“具有重复性的”)。易错点:① 误写repeat(动词,不能修饰名词);② 误写repeating(侧重“正在重复”,语境不符);③ 拼写错误(repetitive误写为repetetive)。拓展背诵:the repetitive work 重复性的工作;a meditative mood 冥想的心情。
6. 答案:studios 核心知识点:名词单复数。studio(工作室)是可数名词,friends(复数)聚集在多个工作室,用复数形式studios(规则变化,直接加-s)。解题思维:看到DIY修饰,且主语是friends(复数),结合语境,工作室不止一个,用复数。易错点:① 误写studio(单数,不符合“朋友们聚集”的语境);② 拼写错误(studios误写为studioes)。拓展背诵:There are many art studios in this street. 这条街上有很多艺术工作室。
7. 答案:though/although 核心知识点:让步状语从句连词。前后语义转折(潮流可能会变,但人类创造和连接的欲望不变),though/although表“虽然、尽管”,可互换,不能与but连用。解题思维:两个完整分句,语义转折,句首需填让步连词,结合语境,表“尽管”。易错点:① 误写because(表原因,逻辑不符);② 误写but(but不能置于句首,且不能与though/although连用);③ 误写if(表条件,逻辑不符)。拓展背诵:Though he is busy, he still spends time with his family. 尽管他很忙,还是会花时间陪家人。
8. 答案:a 核心知识点:不定冠词用法。Xiaohongshu(小红书)是“一个中国社交平台”,表泛指,Chinese以辅音音素/tʃ/开头,用a修饰可数名词单数platform。解题思维:可数名词单数前无定冠词,表泛指,且单词以辅音音素开头,用a。易错点:① 误写an(Chinese以辅音音素开头,不用an);② 误写the(表特指,此处是首次介绍小红书这个平台,不特指)。拓展背诵:a Chinese magazine 一本中文杂志;a social media app 一个社交媒体应用。
9. 答案:whether/if 核心知识点:宾语从句引导词。decide(决定)后接宾语从句,从句不缺主干成分,表“是否”,用whether/if引导,两者可互换(此处无特殊用法,均可)。解题思维:及物动词后接宾语从句,从句完整,表“是否”,用whether/if。易错点:① 误写that(that引导宾语从句无含义,此处需表“是否”);② 误写what(what在从句中作成分,此处从句完整)。拓展背诵:I can’t decide whether/if I should go to the party. 我无法决定是否应该去参加派对。
10. 答案:had been downloaded 核心知识点:过去完成时被动语态。时间标志词by the end of last week(到上周末为止),表动作发生在过去的过去,主语Xiaohongshu与download(下载)是被动关系(小红书被下载),被动语态结构为“had been+过去分词”,download的过去分词是downloaded。解题思维:by the end of+过去时间,用过去完成时;物作主语,用被动语态,结合结构,确定had been downloaded。易错点:① 误写has been downloaded(现在完成时,与by the end of last week不搭配);② 误写was downloaded(一般过去时,无“过去的过去”含义);③ 漏用been(被动语态缺be动词)。拓展背诵:By the end of last year, the project had been finished. 到去年年底,这个项目已经完成了。
11. 答案:as 核心知识点:介词固定搭配。be launched as...(作为……被推出),表“小红书作为生活方式平台被推出”,as此处意为“作为”,是高考高频介词用法。解题思维:看到launched(推出),结合语境“作为生活方式平台”,锁定介词as。易错点:① 误写for(表目的,语境不符);② 误写like(like表“像”,不表“作为”)。拓展背诵:The app was launched as a tool for language learning. 这款应用作为语言学习工具被推出。
12. 答案:to guide 核心知识点:非谓语动词不定式作目的状语。表“中国用户格外努力,是为了指导国际新用户”,不定式置于句末,表动作的目的,逻辑主语是some Chinese users。解题思维:主句已有谓语are going,无连词,空格动词表目的,用to do形式。易错点:① 误写guiding(现在分词表伴随,不表目的);② 误写guide(动词原形,不能作状语,会导致双谓语)。拓展背诵:She stays up late to finish her homework. 她熬夜是为了完成作业。
13. 答案:instructions 核心知识点:名词单复数。instruction(指示、指南)是可数名词,others(其他人)发布的指南不止一份,用复数形式instructions(规则变化,直接加-s)。解题思维:看到posted(发布),结合others(复数),可知指南是多份,用复数。易错点:① 误写instruction(单数,不符合“其他人发布”的语境);② 拼写错误(instructions误写为instructiones)。拓展背诵:The teacher gave us clear instructions on how to do the experiment. 老师给了我们清晰的实验操作指南。
14. 答案:authored 核心知识点:一般过去时。时间标志词previously(以前、先前),表过去发生的动作(以前撰写指南),无持续/影响含义,用一般过去时,author(动词,撰写)的过去式是authored(规则变化,直接加-ed)。解题思维:看到previously,直接锁定一般过去时,动词用过去式。易错点:① 误写has authored(现在完成时,无持续含义,与previously不搭配);② 误写authors(一般现在时,时态错误);③ 混淆author的词性(误写为名词author,此处需动词)。拓展背诵:He authored a book about history last year. 他去年撰写了一本关于历史的书。
15. 答案:enthusiastically 核心知识点:词性转换。形容词enthusiastic(热情的)→副词enthusiastically(热情地),副词修饰动词sharing(分享)。解题思维:看到动词sharing,需用副词修饰,直接在形容词后加-ly(enthusiastic以c结尾,直接加-ly)。易错点:① 误写enthusiastic(形容词,不能修饰动词);② 拼写错误(enthusiastically误写为enthusiasticly)。拓展背诵:She spoke enthusiastically about her trip. 她热情地讲述了自己的旅行。
16. 答案:referring 核心知识点:非谓语动词现在分词作伴随状语。US users与refer(指代)是主动关系(美国用户将这些图片指代成“猫咪税”),现在分词置于句末,表伴随,补充说明“Cat Tax”的含义。解题思维:主句已有谓语have nicknamed,无连词,空格动词作伴随状语,与逻辑主语(US users)是主动关系,用doing形式。易错点:① 误写referred(被动关系,逻辑错误);② 误写to refer(不定式表目的,语境不符);③ 拼写错误(referring误写为refering)。拓展背诵:He smiled, referring to his new book. 他笑了笑,提到了他的新书。
第一组 举一反三强化刷题
1. The old books, which ______ (arrange) on the shelf for many years, are still in good condition.
2. ______ (originate) in China, tea has become a popular drink all over the world.
3. He has worked in this company for 10 years, and he ______ (become) a manager so far.
4. The teacher talked about environmental protection, and ______ related topics aroused students’ interest.
5. The ______ (cycle) process of daily work makes many people feel bored sometimes.
6. Many young people like to gather at coffee ______ (shop) to chat with their friends.
7. This story tells us that ______ difficulties we meet, we should never give up.
8. My sister bought a new phone, ______ smart device that can help her study online.
9. I can’t decide ______ I should accept the invitation or refuse it.
10. By the end of last month, all the tasks ______ (finish) successfully by our team.
11. The new museum was opened ______ a cultural center to show local history.
12. They donated a lot of books to the countryside ______ (help) children improve their reading ability.
13. The doctor gave us detailed ______ (instruction) on how to take the medicine.
14. My father ______ (write) a book about his childhood experiences previously.
15. The children are ______ (happy) playing games in the park on weekends.
16. She held a cup of tea, ______ (talk) about her recent life with her mother.
第一组 举一反三强化刷题答案
1. have been arranged 2. Originating 3. has become 4. the 5. cyclical 6. shops 7. no matter what/whatever 8. a 9. whether 10. had been finished 11. as 12. to help 13. instructions 14. wrote 15. happily 16. talking
第二组 单句长难句语法填空
请结合复合句结构、语态逻辑、词性变化规则,每空填入一个单词,长难句侧重定语从句、名词性从句、特殊句式拔高考点,贴合原文进阶语法点。
1. On March 30, a “Taiji for All” event was held in Brussels, ______ five Belgian Taiji associations took turns to take the stage.
2. The movie Taiji Zhang Sanfeng, ______ (star) Jet Li, Michelle Yeoh and other stars, was shown on the spot.
3. Taiji, thought of ______ a treasure of traditional Chinese culture, enjoys worldwide reputation.
4. Taiji enjoys worldwide reputation for its philosophical ideas like ______ (harmonious) between man and nature.
5. In 2020, Taijiquan, based on Taiji philosophy, ______ (list) in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
6. He explained that this set of saber techniques ______ (be) gentle within toughness.
7. Fei Shengchao, the Chinese Ambassador to Belgium, who attended ______ event, said that Taiji integrated knowledge and practice from multiple fields.
8. Its core ideas had contributed Eastern wisdom to ______ (globe) ecological civilization construction.
9. He hoped the occasion would provide a platform for Belgian Taiji enthusiasts ______ (display) and communicate.
10. Master Mfaume, who heads the biggest kung fu temple in Tanzania, has become a social-media sensation, with short films of himself and his students showing off ______ (they) lightning moves.
11. TikTok videos ______ display them whizzing along walls or fighting bullies have won 184,000 likes.
12. This custom was ______ (original) popular in the northern part of China.
13. He popularized Bruce Lee’s martial arts, ______ (screen) films in shabby cinemas in South Africa.
14. Since then, kung fu has evolved into a distinct African film style, and Nollywood ______ (produce) numerous low-budget kung fu movies.
15. Kung fu clubs are opening across the continent, from Cape Town’s Shaolin Kung Fu Institute of South Africa ______ the Ten Tigers of Nile Chinese Wushu Kung-fu Training Club in Ethiopia.
16. ______ (root) in the traditions of Chinese culture, kung fu has become a global phenomenon.
第二组 标准答案+逐题详细核心知识点
1. 答案:where 核心知识点:非限制性定语从句关系副词。先行词是Brussels(布鲁塞尔,地点名词),从句“five Belgian Taiji associations took turns to take the stage”不缺主语、宾语,表“在布鲁塞尔这个地方”,用where引导,在从句中作地点状语。解题思维:逗号隔开(非限制性定语从句,不可用that),先行词是地点名词,从句不缺主干成分,用where。易错点:① 误写which(which在从句中作主语/宾语,此处从句不缺成分);② 误写that(that不用于非限制性定语从句);③ 误写in which(虽可替换where,但此处直接用where更简洁,且高考更常考where)。拓展背诵:We visited Beijing, where we saw the Great Wall. 我们参观了北京,在那里我们看到了长城。
2. 答案:starring 核心知识点:非谓语动词现在分词作后置定语。the movie Taiji Zhang Sanfeng与star(由……主演)是主动关系(电影由李连杰、杨紫琼主演),现在分词置于名词后,作后置定语,补充说明电影的主演。解题思维:主句已有谓语was shown,无连词,空格动词作后置定语,与逻辑主语(movie)是主动关系,用doing形式,star的现在分词是starring(拼写易错,双写r加-ing)。易错点:① 误写starred(被动关系,逻辑错误,电影是主动“由某人主演”,不是被主演);② 误写to star(不定式表未来,语境不符,电影已经上映,主演是既定事实);③ 拼写错误(starring误写为staring)。拓展背诵:The movie starring Tom Hanks is very popular. 汤姆·汉克斯主演的那部电影很受欢迎。
3. 答案:as 核心知识点:介词固定搭配。be thought of as...(被认为是……),固定短语,表“太极被认为是中国传统文化的瑰宝”,as此处意为“作为”。解题思维:看到thought of,直接锁定固定介词as,无需分析语法,记忆即可得分。易错点:① 误写for(固定搭配记忆错误,thought of后不接for);② 误写like(like表“像”,不表“作为”,且不与thought of搭配)。拓展背诵:He is thought of as one of the best students in our class. 他被认为是我们班最好的学生之一。
4. 答案:harmony 核心知识点:词性转换。形容词harmonious(和谐的)→名词harmony(和谐),名词作介词like的宾语,且between man and nature(人与自然之间)修饰名词harmony。解题思维:介词后接名词作宾语,形容词harmonious的名词形式是harmony(不可数名词)。易错点:① 误写harmonious(形容词,不能作宾语);② 拼写错误(harmony误写为harmony);③ 误写harmonies(复数,不可数名词无复数)。拓展背诵:the harmony between man and nature 人与自然的和谐;live in harmony 和谐相处。
5. 答案:was listed 核心知识点:一般过去时被动语态。时间标志词in 2020(过去时间),主语Taijiquan(太极拳)与list(列入)是被动关系(太极拳被列入非遗名录),一般过去时被动语态结构为“was+过去分词”,list的过去分词是listed。解题思维:过去时间+物作主语,用一般过去时被动语态,单数主语用was。易错点:① 误写listed(漏用be动词,无被动含义);② 误写is listed(时态错误,in 2020是过去时间,不用一般现在时);③ 误写has been listed(现在完成时,与in 2020不搭配)。拓展背诵:The book was listed as one of the best-sellers in 2023. 这本书在2023年被列为畅销书之一。
6. 答案:was 核心知识点:宾语从句时态一致。主句谓语explained是一般过去时,宾语从句需用相应的过去时态;从句主语this set of saber techniques(这套刀法)是单数,be动词用was。解题思维:主句过去时,宾语从句也用过去时;单数主语,be动词用was。易错点:① 误写is(时态不一致,主句是过去时,从句不能用现在时);② 误写were(主谓不一致,单数主语用was)。拓展背诵:He said that he was busy yesterday. 他说他昨天很忙(主句过去时,从句过去时)。
7. 答案:the 核心知识点:定冠词用法。空格后event(活动)特指前文提到的“a ‘Taiji for All’ event”(太极全民活动),表特指,用the修饰单数名词。解题思维:前文已提到该活动,后文再次提及,表特指,用the。易错点:① 误写a(表泛指,此处是特指前文提到的活动);② 零冠词(单数名词前无冠词,不符合特指语境)。拓展背诵:I attended a meeting yesterday. The meeting was very important. 我昨天参加了一个会议,那个会议非常重要。
8. 答案:global 核心知识点:词性转换。名词globe(地球、全球)→形容词global(全球的),形容词修饰名词ecological civilization construction(生态文明建设)。解题思维:看到名词前需填定语,名词globe的形容词形式是global(直接加-al)。易错点:① 误写globe(名词,不能修饰名词);② 拼写错误(global误写为globl);③ 误写globally(副词,不能修饰名词)。拓展背诵:global development 全球发展;global economy 全球经济。
9. 答案:to display 核心知识点:非谓语动词不定式作后置定语。a platform for sb to do sth(给某人做某事的平台),固定句式,不定式to display(展示)作后置定语,修饰platform,表“给比利时太极爱好者展示和交流的平台”。解题思维:看到名词platform,且前面有for sb,用不定式作后置定语,表“做某事的平台”。易错点:① 误写displaying(现在分词,不与for sb搭配表“做某事的平台”);② 误写display(动词原形,不能作定语)。拓展背诵:We need a place to study. 我们需要一个学习的地方;a chance to succeed 一个成功的机会。
10. 答案:their 核心知识点:代词变形。人称代词they(他们)→形容词性物主代词their(他们的),形容词性物主代词修饰名词lightning moves(闪电般的动作)。解题思维:看到名词前需填定语,人称代词they的形容词性物主代词是their。易错点:① 误写they(主格,不能修饰名词);② 误写them(宾格,不能修饰名词);③ 误写theirs(名词性物主代词,后面不能接名词)。拓展背诵:They showed their new clothes to us. 他们给我们看了他们的新衣服。
11. 答案:that/which 核心知识点:限制性定语从句关系代词。先行词是TikTok videos(视频,指物),从句“display them whizzing along walls or fighting bullies”缺主语,用that/which引导,在从句中作主语。解题思维:先行词是物,从句缺主语,用that/which(两者可互换,无特殊限制)。易错点:① 误写who(who指人,此处先行词是物);② 误写where(where在从句中作状语,此处从句缺主语);③ 漏用关系代词(从句缺主语,不能省略关系代词)。拓展背诵:The books that/which are on the desk are mine. 桌子上的那些书是我的。
12. 答案:originally 核心知识点:词性转换。形容词original(最初的、原始的)→副词originally(最初、原本),副词修饰动词brought(带来),表“功夫最初是在20世纪70年代被带到非洲的”。解题思维:看到动词brought,需用副词修饰,形容词original的副词形式是originally(直接加-ly)。易错点:① 误写original(形容词,不能修饰动词);② 拼写错误(originally误写为originaly)。拓展背诵:The building was originally a school. 这座建筑最初是一所学校。
13. 答案:screening 核心知识点:非谓语动词现在分词作伴随状语。he(Mr. Ming)与screen(放映)是主动关系(他在南非的破旧电影院放映电影),现在分词置于句末,表伴随,与popularized(推广)同时发生。解题思维:主句已有谓语popularized,无连词,空格动词作伴随状语,与逻辑主语(he)是主动关系,用doing形式,screen的现在分词是screening。易错点:① 误写screened(被动关系,逻辑错误,他是主动放映电影);② 误写to screen(不定式表目的,语境不符,此处不表“为了放映电影”);③ 拼写错误(screening易误写为screenning,多余双写词尾n)。拓展背诵:He walked along the street, singing and dancing. 他沿着街道走,边唱边跳。
14. 答案:has produced 核心知识点:现在完成时。时间标志词since then(从那以后),表动作从过去开始,持续到现在,主语Nollywood(尼日利亚电影业)是单数,用“has+过去分词”,produce的过去分词是produced。解题思维:看到since then,直接锁定现在完成时,单数主语用has。易错点:① 误写produced(一般过去时,与since then不搭配);② 误写have produced(主谓不一致,单数主语用has);③ 拼写错误(produced误写为produce)。拓展背诵:Since then, we have kept in touch with each other. 从那以后,我们一直保持联系。
15. 答案:to 核心知识点:介词固定搭配。from...to...(从……到……),固定短语,表“功夫俱乐部从南非的开普敦蔓延到埃塞俄比亚的亚的斯亚贝巴”,连接两个并列的地点。解题思维:看到from,直接锁定固定介词to,记忆即可得分。易错点:① 误写and(固定搭配记忆错误,from后不接and);② 误写until(until表“直到”,与from不搭配)。拓展背诵:People come from all over the world to this city. 人们从世界各地来到这座城市;from morning to night 从早到晚。
16. 答案:Rooted 核心知识点:非谓语动词过去分词作状语。kung fu与root(扎根于)是被动关系(功夫扎根于中国传统文化),固定搭配be rooted in(扎根于),省略be动词,用rooted作状语,句首首字母大写。解题思维:主句已有谓语has become,无连词,空格动词作状语,结合固定搭配be rooted in,省略be,用rooted。易错点:① 误写Rooting(主动关系,逻辑错误,功夫是被扎根,不是主动扎根);② 误写To root(不定式表目的,语境不符);③ 首字母小写(句首单词首字母需大写)。拓展背诵:Rooted in traditional culture, this art form is very popular. 这种艺术形式扎根于传统文化,非常受欢迎。
第二组 举一反三强化刷题
1. We visited a small town in the countryside, ______ many local people live a peaceful life.
2. The novel, ______ (write) by a famous writer, has been translated into many languages.
3. This kind of plant is thought of ______ a symbol of hope and courage.
4. The company pays much attention to the ______ (balance) between work and life for its employees.
5. In 2021, this traditional craft ______ (list) in the local intangible cultural heritage list.
6. She told me that she ______ (be) going to the park with her friends the next day.
7. The student who won the first prize in the competition attended ______ award ceremony yesterday.
8. His suggestions have made great contributions to ______ (nation) development.
9. The school will provide a new lab for students ______ (do) scientific experiments.
10. My parents bought a new house, and ______ (they) new house is very big and bright.
11. The songs ______ sing about love and friendship are very popular among young people.
12. This custom was ______ (original) popular in the northern part of China.
13. He spent his free time ______ (read) books to improve his knowledge.
14. Since he came to this city, he ______ (make) a lot of good friends.
15. The path leads from the village ______ the top of the mountain.
16. ______ (base) on his own experience, he wrote a book about success.
第二组 举一反三强化刷题答案
1. where 2. written 3. as 4. balance 5. was listed 6. was 7. the 8. national 9. to do 10. their 11. that/which 12. originally 13. reading 14. has made 15. to 16. Based
一、词性转换核心必考体系(语法填空第一得分点·结合原文深度拓展)
词性转换是语法填空基础必考考点,占比约20%-30%,核心逻辑:看空格前后的词性、句子成分,确定空格所需词性,无例外情况,掌握规律即可零失误。以下结合本次练习原文改编例题,分类梳理高考高频词性转换、规则、易错点及拓展,联动解题场景记忆,避免死记硬背。
1. 核心转换类型(全部结合本次练习真题,精准适配)
(1)动词→名词(高考最高频,本次练习重点考查):
① 规则转换:repeat(动词,重复)→repetitive(形容词)→repetition(名词,补充)、author(动词,撰写)→author(名词,作者)、screen(动词,放映)→screen(名词,屏幕)、produce(动词,制作)→production(名词,产量);
② 特殊转换:go(动词,变得)→gone(过去分词,此处无名词转换,重点记时态)、arrange(动词,安排)→arrangement(名词,安排,补充);
③ 易错提醒:动词变名词时,注意拼写变化,如refer(动词)→reference(名词)、prefer(动词)→preference(名词),本次练习中referring是现在分词,需区分词性。
解题思维:看到冠词(a/an/the)、形容词(meditative、global)、介词(like、to)后,空格必填名词;及物动词(have、provide、contribute)后缺宾语,空格必填名词。
(2)形容词→副词(本次练习高频考查):
① 规则转换:enthusiastic(热情的)→enthusiastically(热情地)、original(最初的)→originally(最初)、harmonious(和谐的)→harmoniously(和谐地,补充)、global(全球的)→globally(全球地,补充);
② 拼写规则:绝大多数形容词变副词,直接加-ly(enthusiastic→enthusiastically、original→originally);以e结尾的形容词,直接加-ly(nice→nicely、late→lately);以y结尾的形容词,变y为i加-ly(happy→happily、easy→easily);
③ 特殊转换:good→well、hard→hard(副词,努力地)、late→late(副词,晚)/lately(副词,最近)。
解题思维:看到修饰形容词、动词(sharing、brought、produced)、整个句子,空格必填副词;句首逗号隔开,修饰整句话,必用副词(如Initially、Actually)。
(3)名词→形容词(本次练习重点考查):
① 规则转换:globe(地球、全球)→global(全球的)、harmony(和谐,补充)→harmonious(和谐的)、nation(国家,补充)→national(国家的)、cycle(循环,补充)→cyclical(循环的);
② 拼写规则:名词变形容词,加后缀-al(globe→global、nation→national)、-ical(cycle→cyclical)、-ous(danger→dangerous);
解题思维:看到名词前(ecological civilization construction、development、process),空格需填形容词作定语;看到系动词(is、are、become)后,空格需填形容词作表语。
(4)代词→形容词性物主代词(本次练习考查):
① 转换示例:they(他们)→their(他们的)、I(我)→my(我的)、he(他)→his(他的)、she(她)→her(她的);
解题思维:看到名词前(lightning moves、new house),空格需填形容词性物主代词,修饰名词,表“……的”。
2. 高考易错辨析(必背,结合本次练习)
① 词性混用:动词不能作定语、宾语、表语(如误写guide修饰international newcomers,需用to guide或guiding);形容词不能修饰动词、句子(如误写enthusiastic修饰sharing,需用enthusiastically);副词不能修饰名词(如误写globally修饰construction,需用global);
② 拼写错误:重点记忆本次练习易错词:repetitive(不写repeating)、enthusiastically(不写enthusiasticly)、originally(不写originaly)、starring(不写staring)、harmony(不写harmonious)、screening(不写screenning);
③ 不可数名词与可数名词混淆:harmony(和谐)、production(产量)、repetition(重复)为不可数名词,无复数;instructions(指南)、studios(工作室)、shops(商店)为可数名词,需根据语境判断单复数。
二、时态语态核心解题逻辑(复合句必考·高考拉分点)
时态语态是语法填空核心考点,占比约25%-30%,核心逻辑:先判断时态(看时间标志词),再判断语态(看主被动关系),两者结合,无任何解题盲区。以下结合本次练习原文例题,详细拆解高考高频时态、语态的用法、标志词、易错点,补充拓展考点。
1. 高考高频时态(4种,覆盖本次练习所有考点)
(1)一般现在时(do/does)
表客观事实、普遍真理、永恒特征、经常性动作,无明确过去/将来时间标志。
本次练习对应例题:These tiny plastic beads are arranged on pegboards...(Perler beads的常规用法,客观事实);Taiji enjoys worldwide reputation...(太极的客观声誉)。
标志词:always、usually、often、无时间标志词(客观事实、常规用法)。
易错点:① 客观事实误用一般过去时(如are arranged误写为were arranged);② 单数主语误用动词原形(如enjoys误写为enjoy)。
(2)一般过去时(did)
表过去某个具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态,与现在无关,有明确过去时间标志。
本次练习对应例题:Kung fu was originally brought to Africa in the 1970s...(in 1970s纯过去时间);Miss Fifty Yuan authored a beginner’s guide...previously(previously过去时间);Taijiquan was listed in 2020...(in 2020过去时间)。
标志词:last month/year、yesterday、in+过去年份(2020、1970s)、previously、ago、just now。
易错点:① 明确过去时间误用现在完成时(如authored误写为has authored);② 规则动词过去式漏加-ed(如authored误写为author);③ 不规则动词过去式拼写错误(如go→went、write→wrote)。
(3)现在完成时(have/has done)
表动作从过去开始,持续到现在,或对现在造成影响,有明确持续/影响标志词。
本次练习对应例题:they have gone mainstream so far(so far,持续到现在);Nollywood has produced numerous low-budget kung fu movies(since then,持续到现在);Master Mfaume has become a social-media sensation(动作对现在造成影响,成为网红)。
标志词:so far、up to now、recently、since+过去时间、since then、by now。
易错点:① 现在完成时与具体过去时间连用(如has produced误写为has produced in 1970s,需去掉has,改为produced);② 主谓不一致(单数主语用has,复数主语用have,如Nollywood has、they have);③ 过去分词拼写错误(produce→produced、go→gone)。
(4)过去完成时(had done)
表过去的过去,动作发生在另一个过去动作之前,有明确标志词。
本次练习对应例题:By the end of last week, Xiaohongshu had been downloaded the most(by the end of+过去时间,动作发生在“上周末”之前)。
标志词:by the end of+过去时间、before+过去时间、when/after引导的过去时从句。
易错点:① 误写为现在完成时(如had been downloaded误写为has been downloaded);② 漏用been(被动语态);③ 与一般过去时混淆(过去完成时表“过去的过去”,一般过去时表“过去的某个时间点”)。
2. 高考高频语态(被动语态,核心重点)
核心结构:被动语态=be动词(am/is/are/was/were/have been/has been/had been)+ 过去分词,时态变化只变be动词,过去分词永远不变。
本次练习对应例题:
① 一般现在时被动:These tiny plastic beads are arranged...;
② 一般过去时被动:Kung fu was originally brought...、Taijiquan was listed...;
③ 过去完成时被动:Xiaohongshu had been downloaded...。
解题思维:① 先判断主被动:人作主语,多为主动;物作主语,多为被动(如beads、kung fu、Taijiquan、Xiaohongshu均为物,用被动);② 再判断时态:根据时间标志词,确定be动词的形式;③ 确保过去分词拼写正确(规则动词加-ed,不规则动词需牢记)。
易错点:① 主动与被动逻辑混淆(如误写arrange代替are arranged,珠子是被摆放,不是主动摆放);② 漏用be动词(如downloaded误写为had downloaded,缺been,无被动含义);③ 时态与be动词不匹配(如一般过去时被动用was/were,误写为is/are)。
三、非谓语动词万能解题口诀(长难句核心难点·高考必攻克)
非谓语动词是语法填空难点,占比约20%-25%,核心逻辑:一句一谓语,无连词必非谓语;主动doing,被动done,目的未来to do。结合本次练习长难句,详细拆解非谓语动词的三种形式(现在分词、过去分词、不定式)的用法、场景、易错点,补充高考高频固定搭配,适配长难句解题。
1. 现在分词(doing):主动、进行
表动作正在进行或与主句动作同时发生,可作定语、状语、宾语补足语。
本次练习对应例题:
① 作状语(伴随/原因):Originating in Sweden...(主动起源,作原因状语);referring to a playful exchange...(主动指代,作伴随状语);screening films in shabby cinemas...(主动放映,作伴随状语);
② 作后置定语:the movie Taiji Zhang Sanfeng, starring Jet Li...(主动主演,作后置定语)。
解题思维:① 主句已有谓语,无连词连接,空格动词必用非谓语;② 空格动词与逻辑主语是主动关系,用doing;③ 表结果/伴随状语(逗号后,前面动作导致的自然结果或同时发生),用doing;表原因状语(句首,主动发生),用doing。
易错点:① 主动关系误写为过去分词(如Originating误写为Originated、starring误写为starred);② 误写为谓语动词,导致句子双谓语(如referring误写为refers,主句已有have nicknamed);③ 拼写错误(starring误写为staring、referring误写为refering、screening误写为screenning)。
2. 过去分词(done):被动、完成
表动作被执行或已完成,可作定语、状语、宾语补足语。
本次练习对应例题:
① 作状语:Rooted in the traditions of Chinese culture...(被动扎根,作状语,省略be);
② 作后置定语:无直接例题,补充:The book written by Lu Xun is very popular among teenagers.(鲁迅写的那本书在青少年中很受欢迎,written与book是被动关系,作后置定语);
③ 作宾语补足语(补充):We keep the door locked.(我们让门一直锁着,locked与door是被动关系,作宾语补足语)。
解题思维:① 主句已有谓语,无连词连接,空格动词必用非谓语;② 空格动词与逻辑主语是被动关系,用done;③ 表被动完成(动作已完成且被执行),用done;固定搭配(如be rooted in、be written by)省略be动词时,直接用done作状语/定语。
易错点:① 被动关系误写为现在分词(如Rooted误写为Rooting、written误写为writing);② 省略be动词时,误加be(如Rooted in误写为Be rooted in,作状语时无需be动词);③ 混淆done与to be done(to be done表“将要被做”,done表“已经被做”,如The task to be done tomorrow is very important. 明天要做的任务很重要;The task done yesterday is very important. 昨天做完的任务很重要)。
3. 不定式(to do):目的、未来,表动作的目的、未发生的动作,可作状语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语。
本次练习对应例题:
① 作目的状语:Some Chinese users are going to the extra miles to guide international newcomers...(为了指导国际新用户,表目的);
② 作后置定语:He hoped the occasion would provide a platform for Belgian Taiji enthusiasts to display and communicate.(给比利时太极爱好者展示和交流的平台,表“做某事的平台”,作后置定语)。
补充例题(高考高频):
① 作宾语:He decided to learn English well.(他决定学好英语,decide后接不定式作宾语);
② 作宾语补足语:My mother asked me to finish my homework on time.(我妈妈让我按时完成作业,ask sb to do sth,不定式作宾语补足语)。
解题思维:① 表“为了做某事”(目的),用to do,多置于句末,可置于句首(To achieve the goal, we need to work hard.);② 名词后接to do,表“做某事的……”(如a platform to display、a chance to succeed),作后置定语;③ 某些动词后固定接to do作宾语(decide、hope、want、plan、try等),牢记固定搭配。
易错点:① 表目的误写为doing(如to guide误写为guiding);② 动词后固定接to do,误写为doing(如decide to do误写为decide doing);③ 不定式符号to遗漏(如ask me finish误写为ask me to finish);④ 被动语态中,不定式符号to不可省略(如He was asked to come early. 他被要求早点来,不可写为He was asked come early.)。
4. 非谓语动词高考高频固定搭配(必背,结合本次练习)
① 接doing作宾语的动词(高考必考):enjoy、finish、practice、avoid、mind、suggest、keep、miss、admit、consider(如She enjoys reading books. 她喜欢看书);
② 接to do作宾语的动词(高考必考):want、hope、decide、plan、try、manage、refuse、promise、afford、expect(如He hopes to go to college. 他希望上大学);
③ 接to do作宾语补足语的动词:ask、tell、want、order、teach、advise、encourage(如The teacher advised us to study hard. 老师建议我们努力学习);
④ 固定短语中的非谓语:be busy doing(忙于做某事)、spend time doing(花费时间做某事)、be worth doing(值得做某事)、look forward to doing(期待做某事)、devote...to doing(致力于做某事)(本次练习中He spent his free time reading books. 对应spend time doing)。
四、复合句核心考点体系(长难句灵魂·高考拉分关键)
复合句是语法填空长难句的核心载体,占比约20%-25%,主要考查定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句,核心逻辑:先判断复合句类型,再分析从句成分,最后确定引导词/连词。结合本次练习长难句,详细拆解每种复合句的考点、解题思维、易错点,补充高考高频拓展,适配长难句解题。
1. 定语从句(高考最高频,本次练习重点考查)
核心定义:修饰名词或代词(先行词)的从句,分为限制性定语从句(无逗号,不可省略)和非限制性定语从句(有逗号,可省略,不可用that)。
(1)限制性定语从句(本次练习对应例题):TikTok videos that/which display them whizzing along walls or fighting bullies have won 184,000 likes.(先行词TikTok videos,指物,从句缺主语,用that/which)。
(2)非限制性定语从句(本次练习对应例题):On March 30, a “Taiji for All” event was held in Brussels, where five Belgian Taiji associations took turns to take the stage.(先行词Brussels,地点名词,从句不缺成分,用where)。
核心考点:引导词的选择(结合先行词和从句成分)
① 先行词指人:
- 从句缺主语/宾语:who(主语)、whom(宾语,可省略);
- 从句缺定语(表“……的”):whose(如The girl whose mother is a teacher is my classmate. 妈妈是老师的那个女孩是我的同学)。
② 先行词指物:
- 从句缺主语/宾语:that/which(可互换,无特殊限制);
- 从句缺定语(表“……的”):whose(如The book whose cover is red is mine. 封面是红色的那本书是我的)。
③ 先行词指地点:
- 从句缺地点状语:where(=in which,如本次练习中的Brussels where...=Brussels in which...);
- 从句缺主语/宾语:that/which(如The city that/which we visited last year is very beautiful. 我们去年参观的那个城市很美,从句缺宾语)。
④ 先行词指时间:
- 从句缺时间状语:when(=on which,如I still remember the day when I met her. 我还记得遇见她的那一天);
- 从句缺主语/宾语:that/which(如I still remember the day that/which we spent together. 我还记得我们一起度过的那一天,从句缺宾语)。
解题思维:① 找先行词(被修饰的名词/代词);② 分析从句成分(缺主语、宾语、定语还是状语);③ 根据先行词类型和从句成分,确定引导词。
易错点:① 非限制性定语从句用that(错误,非限制性定语从句不可用that,如Brussels where...不可写为Brussels that...);② 先行词指地点/时间,从句缺成分却用where/when(如The city where we visited last year...错误,从句缺宾语,应用that/which);③ 漏用引导词(从句缺主语/宾语时,引导词不可省略,如TikTok videos display them...错误,漏用that/which);④ whose的用法混淆(whose可指人也可指物,表“……的”,不可误写为who’s)。
2. 宾语从句(本次练习重点考查)
核心定义:作动词、介词或形容词宾语的从句,常用引导词:that、whether/if、what、who、which、how、when、where等。
本次练习对应例题:
① 表“是否”:The US Supreme Court is expected to decide whether/if TikTok can continue operating in the country...(decide后接宾语从句,表“是否”,用whether/if);
② 时态一致:He explained that this set of saber techniques was gentle within toughness.(主句explained是过去时,从句用相应的过去时was)。
核心考点:
① 引导词选择:
- 从句完整、无含义:用that(可省略,如He said (that) he was busy.);
- 从句完整、表“是否”:用whether/if(可互换,但若与or not连用,只能用whether,如I don’t know whether or not he will come.);
- 从句缺成分(主语、宾语、表语):用what(缺主语/宾语/表语,指物)、who(缺主语,指人)、which(缺主语/宾语,表“哪一个”)、how(缺方式状语)、when(缺时间状语)、where(缺地点状语)。
② 时态一致(高考必考):
- 主句是一般现在时,从句用任意时态(根据语境);
- 主句是一般过去时,从句用相应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时);
- 从句是客观事实、普遍真理,无论主句时态如何,从句都用一般现在时(如He said that the earth goes around the sun. 他说地球绕着太阳转,从句用一般现在时)。
解题思维:① 确定主句中的谓语动词(如decide、explain、say、know等),判断是否接宾语从句;② 分析从句成分,确定引导词;③ 根据主句时态,确定从句时态。
易错点:① 时态不一致(如explained后从句用is,错误,需用was);② whether与if混淆(与or not连用只能用whether);③ 从句语序错误(宾语从句需用陈述语序,如I don’t know what is he doing. 错误,应为I don’t know what he is doing.)。
3. 状语从句(本次练习重点考查让步状语从句)
核心定义:修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的从句,根据含义分为:时间、地点、原因、让步、条件、目的、结果等状语从句,本次练习重点考查让步状语从句,补充其他高频类型。
(1)让步状语从句(本次练习对应例题):This resurgence of a “retro” craft shows that though/although trends may change, the human desire to create and connect remains the same.(表“虽然、尽管”,用though/although)。
核心考点:让步状语从句连词(高考高频):
- though/although:表“虽然、尽管”,可互换,不能与but连用(如Though he is tired, he still works hard. 不可写为Though he is tired, but he still works hard.);
- even if/even though:表“即使、纵然”(语气比though/although强,如Even if it rains, we will go out. 即使下雨,我们也要出去);
- no matter what/how/who等:表“无论……”(如No matter what difficulties we meet, we should never give up. 无论我们遇到什么困难,都不应该放弃,对应本次练习举一反三第7题)。
(2)其他高频状语从句(补充,高考必考):
① 时间状语从句:when(当……时)、while(当……时,从句用进行时)、as(一边……一边……)、until(直到……)、since(自从……)(如Since he came to this city, he has made a lot of friends. 自从他来到这座城市,已经交了很多朋友,对应本次练习第二组第14题);
② 目的状语从句:so that(为了,以便)、in order that(为了)(如He studies hard so that he can pass the exam. 他努力学习是为了能通过考试);
③ 条件状语从句:if(如果)、unless(除非)(如If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic. 如果明天不下雨,我们就去野餐)。
解题思维:① 根据句子语义,判断状语从句类型(让步、时间、目的等);② 结合语境,选择合适的连词;③ 注意连词的固定用法(如though/although不与but连用)。
易错点:① though/although与but连用(错误,两者只能用一个);② while的用法错误(while引导时间状语从句,从句主语与主句主语一致且有be动词,可省略主语和be动词,如While (he was) working, he listened to music.);③ since的时态混淆(since引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时)。
五、冠词、介词、代词核心考点(基础送分点·零失误必备)
冠词、介词、代词是语法填空基础送分点,占比约10%-15%,知识点简单、规律明确,结合本次练习例题,梳理高考高频考点、固定搭配、易错点,确保基础分不丢失。
1. 冠词(本次练习重点考查a/an/the)
核心考点:
① 不定冠词a/an:表泛指,修饰可数名词单数;a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前(如a Chinese social media platform、an apple);
② 定冠词the:表特指(前文提到的人/物、独一无二的事物、序数词/最高级前、普通名词构成的专有名词前)(如the related topics、the event、the earth);
③ 零冠词:不可数名词、复数名词表泛指、专有名词(人名、地名、节日)前(如Taiji、kung fu、China)。
本次练习对应例题:
- a:Thousands of self-named “TikTok refugees” are flooding to Xiaohongshu, a Chinese social media platform.(表泛指,一个中国社交平台);
- the:Social media platforms are flooded with creative works... and the related topics have gained billions of views.(特指前文提到的创意作品的相关话题)。
易错点:① a与an混淆(Chinese以辅音音素开头,用a,不用an;apple以元音音素开头,用an);② 泛指与特指混淆(首次提到用a/an,再次提到用the);③ 不可数名词前加a/an(错误,如a harmony错误,harmony是不可数名词,无冠词)。
2. 介词(本次练习重点考查as、to、from等)
核心考点:固定搭配(高考必考,记忆为主),结合本次练习高频介词:
① as:作为(be launched as...、be thought of as...);
② to:到、向(from...to...、contribute...to...);
③ from:从(from...to...、originate from...);
④ for:为了、因为(provide sth for sb、be famous for...);
⑤ with:和……一起、带有(with friends gathering、with short films)。
解题思维:牢记介词固定搭配,结合语境判断,无需复杂分析,记忆即可得分。
易错点:① 固定搭配记忆错误(如be thought of as误写为be thought of for);② from...to...混淆(误写为from...and...);③ as与like混淆(as表“作为”,like表“像”)。
3. 代词(本次练习重点考查形容词性物主代词)
核心考点:
① 形容词性物主代词(my、your、his、her、its、our、their):修饰名词,表“……的”(如their lightning moves、their new house);
② 人称代词(主格I/you/he/she/it/we/they,宾格me/you/him/her/it/us/them):主格作主语,宾格作宾语;
③ 名词性物主代词(mine、yours、his、hers、its、ours、theirs):后面不接名词,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”(如This book is mine. = This book is my book.)。
本次练习对应例题:Master Mfaume... with short films of himself and his students showing off their lightning moves.(their修饰lightning moves,形容词性物主代词)。
易错点:① 形容词性物主代词与人称代词混淆(如their误写为they/them);② 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词混淆(如their误写为theirs,后面接名词时用their)。
六、名词单复数、并列连词核心考点(基础送分点·细节突破)
1. 名词单复数(本次练习重点考查)
核心考点:
① 可数名词单复数规则:
- 一般情况加-s(studio→studios、shop→shops、instruction→instructions);
- 以s、x、ch、sh结尾加-es(box→boxes、watch→watches);
- 以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i加-es(city→cities、family→families);
- 以f/fe结尾,变f/fe为v加-es(knife→knives、leaf→leaves);
- 不规则变化(child→children、man→men、woman→women、sheep→sheep)。
② 不可数名词:无复数形式(harmony、knowledge、water、air),前面不能加a/an,可用some、much修饰。
本次练习对应例题:It has also become a social activity, with friends gathering at DIY studios to create together.(studios复数,表多个工作室);others have posted instructions to make the app more accessible.(instructions复数,表多份指南)。
易错点:① 可数名词单数漏变复数(如studio误写为studio,结合friends复数,应用studios);② 不可数名词变复数(如harmony误写为harmonies);③ 拼写错误(studios误写为studioes)。
2. 并列连词(补充,高考高频)
核心考点:连接两个并列的单词、短语或句子,常用并列连词:and(表并列、顺承)、but(表转折)、or(表选择)、so(表结果)。
本次练习对应例题:In China, they were once an uncommon hobby, but have gone mainstream so far.(but表转折,连接两个并列谓语);Social media platforms are flooded with creative works... and the related topics have gained billions of views.(and表并列,连接两个句子)。
易错点:① but与though/although连用(错误,两者只能用一个);② and与or混淆(and表并列,or表选择,如I like apples and bananas. 我喜欢苹果和香蕉;I like apples or bananas. 我喜欢苹果或香蕉);③ 并列结构不一致(如He likes to read and writing. 错误,应为He likes to read and to write. 或He likes reading and writing.)。
七、高考语法填空解题万能步骤(必背·刷题提速必备)
结合本次练习所有考点,总结高考语法填空单句长难句解题万能步骤,适配所有题型,帮助学生快速锁定考点、减少失误,形成解题思维惯性:
1. 通读句子,判断句子类型(简单句/复合句):若句子有两个或多个谓语动词,且无连词连接,必是非谓语动词;若有连词连接,必是复合句(定语、宾语、状语从句)。
2. 分析句子成分(主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语):确定空格在句子中作什么成分,从而判断所需词性(如作定语→形容词/形容词性物主代词/名词所有格;作状语→副词/非谓语动词;作宾语→名词/代词/动名词)。
3. 锁定考点,逐一排除:
- 若空格后是动词,且句子已有谓语,考虑非谓语动词(主动doing、被动done、目的to do);
- 若空格前后是名词,考虑冠词(a/an/the)、介词、形容词、形容词性物主代词;
- 若空格是连词,考虑复合句引导词(定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句)或并列连词;
- 若空格是动词,考虑时态语态(先看时间标志词,再看主被动);
- 若空格是名词,考虑单复数;
- 若空格是形容词/副词,考虑词性转换。
4. 验证答案,检查易错点:
- 时态语态是否一致、主谓是否一致;
- 非谓语动词逻辑主被动是否正确;
- 冠词a/an/the使用是否正确;
- 词性转换拼写是否正确;
- 复合句引导词是否符合从句成分;
- 名词单复数、固定搭配是否正确。
八、高考高频易错点汇总(必背·避雷指南)
结合本次练习所有错题类型,汇总高考语法填空高频易错点,精准避雷,避免重复犯错,适配学生背诵记忆:
1. 时态类:
- 现在完成时与具体过去时间连用(如has produced in 1970s错误);
- 过去完成时与现在完成时混淆(by the end of+过去时间用过去完成时,by now用现在完成时);
- 宾语从句时态与主句不一致(主句过去时,从句用过去时态)。
2. 语态类:
- 物作主语误用主动语态(如beads arrange错误,应为are arranged);
- 被动语态漏用be动词(如downloaded误写为had downloaded);
- 时态与be动词不匹配(一般过去时被动用was/were,误写为is/are)。
3. 非谓语动词类:
- 主动关系误写为done,被动关系误写为doing(如Originating误写为Originated);
- 表目的误写为doing(如to guide误写为guiding);
- 拼写错误(referring误写为refering、starring误写为starring)。
4. 复合句类:
- 非限制性定语从句用that;
- 宾语从句语序错误(疑问句语序误写为陈述语序);
- though/although与but连用。
5. 词性转换类:
- 形容词修饰动词、副词修饰名词(如enthusiastic sharing错误,应为enthusiastically sharing);
- 拼写错误(enthusiastically误写为enthusiasticly、originally误写为originaly);
- 不可数名词变复数(如harmony误写为harmonies)。
6. 基础类:
- a与an混淆(Chinese前用a,不用an);
- 形容词性物主代词与人称代词混淆(their误写为they);
- 名词单复数拼写错误(studios误写为studioes);
- 固定搭配记忆错误(be thought of as误写为be thought of for)。
1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$
语法填空必刷:模拟题 + 名校联考题 易错考点全突破
第一组 单句长难句语法填空
请结合句子语法结构、时态逻辑、固定搭配,每空填入一个单词,横线处规范书写答案,全部为高考高频核心考点,重点贴合原文基础语法点。
1. These tiny plastic beads, which ______ (arrange) on pegboards and fused with heat to create pixelated designs, have exploded in popularity among young people.
2. ______ (originate) in Sweden in the 1970s as a therapeutic tool for older adults, perler beads were later adopted as a children’s toy in North America.
3. In China, they were once an uncommon hobby, but ______ (go) mainstream so far.
4. Social media platforms are flooded with creative works, from cute fridge magnets and keychains to intricate art pieces, and ______ related topics have gained billions of views.
5. Many young people find the ______ (repeat), meditative process of placing each bead by hand to be a calming escape from the stresses of daily life.
6. It has also become a social activity, with friends gathering at DIY ______ (studio) to create together.
7. This resurgence of a “retro” craft shows that ______ trends may change, the human desire to create and connect remains the same.
8. Thousands of self-named “TikTok refugees” are flooding to Xiaohongshu, ______ Chinese social media platform.
9. The US Supreme Court is expected to decide ______ TikTok can continue operating in the country before the January 19 deadline.
10. By the end of last week, Xiaohongshu ______ (download) the most, ranking the top on Apple’s US App Store.
11. Originally launched in 2013 ______ a lifestyle platform, Xiaohongshu boasts over 300 million monthly active users.
12. Some Chinese users are going the extra miles ______ (guide) international newcomers on Xiaohongshu.
13. A user named Eddy Liu created a group chat offering in-depth analyses on mastering Xiaohongshu, while others have posted ______ (instruction) to make the app more accessible.
14. Miss Fifty Yuan, a graduate from Fudan University, ______ (author) a beginner’s guide to Chinese Internet slang previously.
15. Chinese and US users are ______ (enthusiastic) sharing photos of their pets as they make their first interactions on Xiaohongshu.
16. US users have humorously nicknamed these images as the “Cat Tax”, ______ (refer) to a playful exchange for engagement with Chinese users.
第一组 举一反三强化刷题
1. The old books, which ______ (arrange) on the shelf for many years, are still in good condition.
2. ______ (originate) in China, tea has become a popular drink all over the world.
3. He has worked in this company for 10 years, and he ______ (become) a manager so far.
4. The teacher talked about environmental protection, and ______ related topics aroused students’ interest.
5. The ______ (cycle) process of daily work makes many people feel bored sometimes.
6. Many young people like to gather at coffee ______ (shop) to chat with their friends.
7. This story tells us that ______ difficulties we meet, we should never give up.
8. My sister bought a new phone, ______ smart device that can help her study online.
9. I can’t decide ______ I should accept the invitation or refuse it.
10. By the end of last month, all the tasks ______ (finish) successfully by our team.
11. The new museum was opened ______ a cultural center to show local history.
12. They donated a lot of books to the countryside ______ (help) children improve their reading ability.
13. The doctor gave us detailed ______ (instruction) on how to take the medicine.
14. My father ______ (write) a book about his childhood experiences previously.
15. The children are ______ (happy) playing games in the park on weekends.
16. She held a cup of tea, ______ (talk) about her recent life with her mother.
第二组 单句长难句语法填空
请结合复合句结构、语态逻辑、词性变化规则,每空填入一个单词,长难句侧重定语从句、名词性从句、特殊句式拔高考点,贴合原文进阶语法点。
1. On March 30, a “Taiji for All” event was held in Brussels, ______ five Belgian Taiji associations took turns to take the stage.
2. The movie Taiji Zhang Sanfeng, ______ (star) Jet Li, Michelle Yeoh and other stars, was shown on the spot.
3. Taiji, thought of ______ a treasure of traditional Chinese culture, enjoys worldwide reputation.
4. Taiji enjoys worldwide reputation for its philosophical ideas like ______ (harmonious) between man and nature.
5. In 2020, Taijiquan, based on Taiji philosophy, ______ (list) in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
6. He explained that this set of saber techniques ______ (be) gentle within toughness.
7. Fei Shengchao, the Chinese Ambassador to Belgium, who attended ______ event, said that Taiji integrated knowledge and practice from multiple fields.
8. Its core ideas had contributed Eastern wisdom to ______ (globe) ecological civilization construction.
9. He hoped the occasion would provide a platform for Belgian Taiji enthusiasts ______ (display) and communicate.
10. Master Mfaume, who heads the biggest kung fu temple in Tanzania, has become a social-media sensation, with short films of himself and his students showing off ______ (they) lightning moves.
11. TikTok videos ______ display them whizzing along walls or fighting bullies have won 184,000 likes.
12. This custom was ______ (original) popular in the northern part of China.
13. He popularized Bruce Lee’s martial arts, ______ (screen) films in shabby cinemas in South Africa.
14. Since then, kung fu has evolved into a distinct African film style, and Nollywood ______ (produce) numerous low-budget kung fu movies.
15. Kung fu clubs are opening across the continent, from Cape Town’s Shaolin Kung Fu Institute of South Africa ______ the Ten Tigers of Nile Chinese Wushu Kung-fu Training Club in Ethiopia.
16. ______ (root) in the traditions of Chinese culture, kung fu has become a global phenomenon.
第二组 举一反三强化刷题
1. We visited a small town in the countryside, ______ many local people live a peaceful life.
2. The novel, ______ (write) by a famous writer, has been translated into many languages.
3. This kind of plant is thought of ______ a symbol of hope and courage.
4. The company pays much attention to the ______ (balance) between work and life for its employees.
5. In 2021, this traditional craft ______ (list) in the local intangible cultural heritage list.
6. She told me that she ______ (be) going to the park with her friends the next day.
7. The student who won the first prize in the competition attended ______ award ceremony yesterday.
8. His suggestions have made great contributions to ______ (nation) development.
9. The school will provide a new lab for students ______ (do) scientific experiments.
10. My parents bought a new house, and ______ (they) new house is very big and bright.
11. The songs ______ sing about love and friendship are very popular among young people.
12. This custom was ______ (original) popular in the northern part of China.
13. He spent his free time ______ (read) books to improve his knowledge.
14. Since he came to this city, he ______ (make) a lot of good friends.
15. The path leads from the village ______ the top of the mountain.
16. ______ (base) on his own experience, he wrote a book about success.
第二组 举一反三强化刷题答案
一、词性转换核心必考体系(语法填空第一得分点·结合原文深度拓展)
词性转换是语法填空基础必考考点,占比约20%-30%,核心逻辑:看空格前后的词性、句子成分,确定空格所需词性,无例外情况,掌握规律即可零失误。以下结合本次练习原文改编例题,分类梳理高考高频词性转换、规则、易错点及拓展,联动解题场景记忆,避免死记硬背。
1. 核心转换类型(全部结合本次练习真题,精准适配)
(1)动词→名词(高考最高频,本次练习重点考查):
① 规则转换:repeat(动词,重复)→repetitive(形容词)→repetition(名词,补充)、author(动词,撰写)→author(名词,作者)、screen(动词,放映)→screen(名词,屏幕)、produce(动词,制作)→production(名词,产量);
② 特殊转换:go(动词,变得)→gone(过去分词,此处无名词转换,重点记时态)、arrange(动词,安排)→arrangement(名词,安排,补充);
③ 易错提醒:动词变名词时,注意拼写变化,如refer(动词)→reference(名词)、prefer(动词)→preference(名词),本次练习中referring是现在分词,需区分词性。
解题思维:看到冠词(a/an/the)、形容词(meditative、global)、介词(like、to)后,空格必填名词;及物动词(have、provide、contribute)后缺宾语,空格必填名词。
(2)形容词→副词(本次练习高频考查):
① 规则转换:enthusiastic(热情的)→enthusiastically(热情地)、original(最初的)→originally(最初)、harmonious(和谐的)→harmoniously(和谐地,补充)、global(全球的)→globally(全球地,补充);
② 拼写规则:绝大多数形容词变副词,直接加-ly(enthusiastic→enthusiastically、original→originally);以e结尾的形容词,直接加-ly(nice→nicely、late→lately);以y结尾的形容词,变y为i加-ly(happy→happily、easy→easily);
③ 特殊转换:good→well、hard→hard(副词,努力地)、late→late(副词,晚)/lately(副词,最近)。
解题思维:看到修饰形容词、动词(sharing、brought、produced)、整个句子,空格必填副词;句首逗号隔开,修饰整句话,必用副词(如Initially、Actually)。
(3)名词→形容词(本次练习重点考查):
① 规则转换:globe(地球、全球)→global(全球的)、harmony(和谐,补充)→harmonious(和谐的)、nation(国家,补充)→national(国家的)、cycle(循环,补充)→cyclical(循环的);
② 拼写规则:名词变形容词,加后缀-al(globe→global、nation→national)、-ical(cycle→cyclical)、-ous(danger→dangerous);
解题思维:看到名词前(ecological civilization construction、development、process),空格需填形容词作定语;看到系动词(is、are、become)后,空格需填形容词作表语。
(4)代词→形容词性物主代词(本次练习考查):
① 转换示例:they(他们)→their(他们的)、I(我)→my(我的)、he(他)→his(他的)、she(她)→her(她的);
解题思维:看到名词前(lightning moves、new house),空格需填形容词性物主代词,修饰名词,表“……的”。
2. 高考易错辨析(必背,结合本次练习)
① 词性混用:动词不能作定语、宾语、表语(如误写guide修饰international newcomers,需用to guide或guiding);形容词不能修饰动词、句子(如误写enthusiastic修饰sharing,需用enthusiastically);副词不能修饰名词(如误写globally修饰construction,需用global);
② 拼写错误:重点记忆本次练习易错词:repetitive(不写repeating)、enthusiastically(不写enthusiasticly)、originally(不写originaly)、starring(不写staring)、harmony(不写harmonious)、screening(不写screenning);
③ 不可数名词与可数名词混淆:harmony(和谐)、production(产量)、repetition(重复)为不可数名词,无复数;instructions(指南)、studios(工作室)、shops(商店)为可数名词,需根据语境判断单复数。
二、时态语态核心解题逻辑(复合句必考·高考拉分点)
时态语态是语法填空核心考点,占比约25%-30%,核心逻辑:先判断时态(看时间标志词),再判断语态(看主被动关系),两者结合,无任何解题盲区。以下结合本次练习原文例题,详细拆解高考高频时态、语态的用法、标志词、易错点,补充拓展考点。
1. 高考高频时态(4种,覆盖本次练习所有考点)
(1)一般现在时(do/does)
表客观事实、普遍真理、永恒特征、经常性动作,无明确过去/将来时间标志。
本次练习对应例题:These tiny plastic beads are arranged on pegboards...(Perler beads的常规用法,客观事实);Taiji enjoys worldwide reputation...(太极的客观声誉)。
标志词:always、usually、often、无时间标志词(客观事实、常规用法)。
易错点:① 客观事实误用一般过去时(如are arranged误写为were arranged);② 单数主语误用动词原形(如enjoys误写为enjoy)。
(2)一般过去时(did)
表过去某个具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态,与现在无关,有明确过去时间标志。
本次练习对应例题:Kung fu was originally brought to Africa in the 1970s...(in 1970s纯过去时间);Miss Fifty Yuan authored a beginner’s guide...previously(previously过去时间);Taijiquan was listed in 2020...(in 2020过去时间)。
标志词:last month/year、yesterday、in+过去年份(2020、1970s)、previously、ago、just now。
易错点:① 明确过去时间误用现在完成时(如authored误写为has authored);② 规则动词过去式漏加-ed(如authored误写为author);③ 不规则动词过去式拼写错误(如go→went、write→wrote)。
(3)现在完成时(have/has done)
表动作从过去开始,持续到现在,或对现在造成影响,有明确持续/影响标志词。
本次练习对应例题:they have gone mainstream so far(so far,持续到现在);Nollywood has produced numerous low-budget kung fu movies(since then,持续到现在);Master Mfaume has become a social-media sensation(动作对现在造成影响,成为网红)。
标志词:so far、up to now、recently、since+过去时间、since then、by now。
易错点:① 现在完成时与具体过去时间连用(如has produced误写为has produced in 1970s,需去掉has,改为produced);② 主谓不一致(单数主语用has,复数主语用have,如Nollywood has、they have);③ 过去分词拼写错误(produce→produced、go→gone)。
(4)过去完成时(had done)
表过去的过去,动作发生在另一个过去动作之前,有明确标志词。
本次练习对应例题:By the end of last week, Xiaohongshu had been downloaded the most(by the end of+过去时间,动作发生在“上周末”之前)。
标志词:by the end of+过去时间、before+过去时间、when/after引导的过去时从句。
易错点:① 误写为现在完成时(如had been downloaded误写为has been downloaded);② 漏用been(被动语态);③ 与一般过去时混淆(过去完成时表“过去的过去”,一般过去时表“过去的某个时间点”)。
2. 高考高频语态(被动语态,核心重点)
核心结构:被动语态=be动词(am/is/are/was/were/have been/has been/had been)+ 过去分词,时态变化只变be动词,过去分词永远不变。
本次练习对应例题:
① 一般现在时被动:These tiny plastic beads are arranged...;
② 一般过去时被动:Kung fu was originally brought...、Taijiquan was listed...;
③ 过去完成时被动:Xiaohongshu had been downloaded...。
解题思维:① 先判断主被动:人作主语,多为主动;物作主语,多为被动(如beads、kung fu、Taijiquan、Xiaohongshu均为物,用被动);② 再判断时态:根据时间标志词,确定be动词的形式;③ 确保过去分词拼写正确(规则动词加-ed,不规则动词需牢记)。
易错点:① 主动与被动逻辑混淆(如误写arrange代替are arranged,珠子是被摆放,不是主动摆放);② 漏用be动词(如downloaded误写为had downloaded,缺been,无被动含义);③ 时态与be动词不匹配(如一般过去时被动用was/were,误写为is/are)。
三、非谓语动词万能解题口诀(长难句核心难点·高考必攻克)
非谓语动词是语法填空难点,占比约20%-25%,核心逻辑:一句一谓语,无连词必非谓语;主动doing,被动done,目的未来to do。结合本次练习长难句,详细拆解非谓语动词的三种形式(现在分词、过去分词、不定式)的用法、场景、易错点,补充高考高频固定搭配,适配长难句解题。
1. 现在分词(doing):主动、进行
表动作正在进行或与主句动作同时发生,可作定语、状语、宾语补足语。
本次练习对应例题:
① 作状语(伴随/原因):Originating in Sweden...(主动起源,作原因状语);referring to a playful exchange...(主动指代,作伴随状语);screening films in shabby cinemas...(主动放映,作伴随状语);
② 作后置定语:the movie Taiji Zhang Sanfeng, starring Jet Li...(主动主演,作后置定语)。
解题思维:① 主句已有谓语,无连词连接,空格动词必用非谓语;② 空格动词与逻辑主语是主动关系,用doing;③ 表结果/伴随状语(逗号后,前面动作导致的自然结果或同时发生),用doing;表原因状语(句首,主动发生),用doing。
易错点:① 主动关系误写为过去分词(如Originating误写为Originated、starring误写为starred);② 误写为谓语动词,导致句子双谓语(如referring误写为refers,主句已有have nicknamed);③ 拼写错误(starring误写为staring、referring误写为refering、screening误写为screenning)。
2. 过去分词(done):被动、完成
表动作被执行或已完成,可作定语、状语、宾语补足语。
本次练习对应例题:
① 作状语:Rooted in the traditions of Chinese culture...(被动扎根,作状语,省略be);
② 作后置定语:无直接例题,补充:The book written by Lu Xun is very popular among teenagers.(鲁迅写的那本书在青少年中很受欢迎,written与book是被动关系,作后置定语);
③ 作宾语补足语(补充):We keep the door locked.(我们让门一直锁着,locked与door是被动关系,作宾语补足语)。
解题思维:① 主句已有谓语,无连词连接,空格动词必用非谓语;② 空格动词与逻辑主语是被动关系,用done;③ 表被动完成(动作已完成且被执行),用done;固定搭配(如be rooted in、be written by)省略be动词时,直接用done作状语/定语。
易错点:① 被动关系误写为现在分词(如Rooted误写为Rooting、written误写为writing);② 省略be动词时,误加be(如Rooted in误写为Be rooted in,作状语时无需be动词);③ 混淆done与to be done(to be done表“将要被做”,done表“已经被做”,如The task to be done tomorrow is very important. 明天要做的任务很重要;The task done yesterday is very important. 昨天做完的任务很重要)。
3. 不定式(to do):目的、未来,表动作的目的、未发生的动作,可作状语、定语、宾语、宾语补足语。
本次练习对应例题:
① 作目的状语:Some Chinese users are going to the extra miles to guide international newcomers...(为了指导国际新用户,表目的);
② 作后置定语:He hoped the occasion would provide a platform for Belgian Taiji enthusiasts to display and communicate.(给比利时太极爱好者展示和交流的平台,表“做某事的平台”,作后置定语)。
补充例题(高考高频):
① 作宾语:He decided to learn English well.(他决定学好英语,decide后接不定式作宾语);
② 作宾语补足语:My mother asked me to finish my homework on time.(我妈妈让我按时完成作业,ask sb to do sth,不定式作宾语补足语)。
解题思维:① 表“为了做某事”(目的),用to do,多置于句末,可置于句首(To achieve the goal, we need to work hard.);② 名词后接to do,表“做某事的……”(如a platform to display、a chance to succeed),作后置定语;③ 某些动词后固定接to do作宾语(decide、hope、want、plan、try等),牢记固定搭配。
易错点:① 表目的误写为doing(如to guide误写为guiding);② 动词后固定接to do,误写为doing(如decide to do误写为decide doing);③ 不定式符号to遗漏(如ask me finish误写为ask me to finish);④ 被动语态中,不定式符号to不可省略(如He was asked to come early. 他被要求早点来,不可写为He was asked come early.)。
4. 非谓语动词高考高频固定搭配(必背,结合本次练习)
① 接doing作宾语的动词(高考必考):enjoy、finish、practice、avoid、mind、suggest、keep、miss、admit、consider(如She enjoys reading books. 她喜欢看书);
② 接to do作宾语的动词(高考必考):want、hope、decide、plan、try、manage、refuse、promise、afford、expect(如He hopes to go to college. 他希望上大学);
③ 接to do作宾语补足语的动词:ask、tell、want、order、teach、advise、encourage(如The teacher advised us to study hard. 老师建议我们努力学习);
④ 固定短语中的非谓语:be busy doing(忙于做某事)、spend time doing(花费时间做某事)、be worth doing(值得做某事)、look forward to doing(期待做某事)、devote...to doing(致力于做某事)(本次练习中He spent his free time reading books. 对应spend time doing)。
四、复合句核心考点体系(长难句灵魂·高考拉分关键)
复合句是语法填空长难句的核心载体,占比约20%-25%,主要考查定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句,核心逻辑:先判断复合句类型,再分析从句成分,最后确定引导词/连词。结合本次练习长难句,详细拆解每种复合句的考点、解题思维、易错点,补充高考高频拓展,适配长难句解题。
1. 定语从句(高考最高频,本次练习重点考查)
核心定义:修饰名词或代词(先行词)的从句,分为限制性定语从句(无逗号,不可省略)和非限制性定语从句(有逗号,可省略,不可用that)。
(1)限制性定语从句(本次练习对应例题):TikTok videos that/which display them whizzing along walls or fighting bullies have won 184,000 likes.(先行词TikTok videos,指物,从句缺主语,用that/which)。
(2)非限制性定语从句(本次练习对应例题):On March 30, a “Taiji for All” event was held in Brussels, where five Belgian Taiji associations took turns to take the stage.(先行词Brussels,地点名词,从句不缺成分,用where)。
核心考点:引导词的选择(结合先行词和从句成分)
① 先行词指人:
- 从句缺主语/宾语:who(主语)、whom(宾语,可省略);
- 从句缺定语(表“……的”):whose(如The girl whose mother is a teacher is my classmate. 妈妈是老师的那个女孩是我的同学)。
② 先行词指物:
- 从句缺主语/宾语:that/which(可互换,无特殊限制);
- 从句缺定语(表“……的”):whose(如The book whose cover is red is mine. 封面是红色的那本书是我的)。
③ 先行词指地点:
- 从句缺地点状语:where(=in which,如本次练习中的Brussels where...=Brussels in which...);
- 从句缺主语/宾语:that/which(如The city that/which we visited last year is very beautiful. 我们去年参观的那个城市很美,从句缺宾语)。
④ 先行词指时间:
- 从句缺时间状语:when(=on which,如I still remember the day when I met her. 我还记得遇见她的那一天);
- 从句缺主语/宾语:that/which(如I still remember the day that/which we spent together. 我还记得我们一起度过的那一天,从句缺宾语)。
解题思维:① 找先行词(被修饰的名词/代词);② 分析从句成分(缺主语、宾语、定语还是状语);③ 根据先行词类型和从句成分,确定引导词。
易错点:① 非限制性定语从句用that(错误,非限制性定语从句不可用that,如Brussels where...不可写为Brussels that...);② 先行词指地点/时间,从句缺成分却用where/when(如The city where we visited last year...错误,从句缺宾语,应用that/which);③ 漏用引导词(从句缺主语/宾语时,引导词不可省略,如TikTok videos display them...错误,漏用that/which);④ whose的用法混淆(whose可指人也可指物,表“……的”,不可误写为who’s)。
2. 宾语从句(本次练习重点考查)
核心定义:作动词、介词或形容词宾语的从句,常用引导词:that、whether/if、what、who、which、how、when、where等。
本次练习对应例题:
① 表“是否”:The US Supreme Court is expected to decide whether/if TikTok can continue operating in the country...(decide后接宾语从句,表“是否”,用whether/if);
② 时态一致:He explained that this set of saber techniques was gentle within toughness.(主句explained是过去时,从句用相应的过去时was)。
核心考点:
① 引导词选择:
- 从句完整、无含义:用that(可省略,如He said (that) he was busy.);
- 从句完整、表“是否”:用whether/if(可互换,但若与or not连用,只能用whether,如I don’t know whether or not he will come.);
- 从句缺成分(主语、宾语、表语):用what(缺主语/宾语/表语,指物)、who(缺主语,指人)、which(缺主语/宾语,表“哪一个”)、how(缺方式状语)、when(缺时间状语)、where(缺地点状语)。
② 时态一致(高考必考):
- 主句是一般现在时,从句用任意时态(根据语境);
- 主句是一般过去时,从句用相应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时);
- 从句是客观事实、普遍真理,无论主句时态如何,从句都用一般现在时(如He said that the earth goes around the sun. 他说地球绕着太阳转,从句用一般现在时)。
解题思维:① 确定主句中的谓语动词(如decide、explain、say、know等),判断是否接宾语从句;② 分析从句成分,确定引导词;③ 根据主句时态,确定从句时态。
易错点:① 时态不一致(如explained后从句用is,错误,需用was);② whether与if混淆(与or not连用只能用whether);③ 从句语序错误(宾语从句需用陈述语序,如I don’t know what is he doing. 错误,应为I don’t know what he is doing.)。
3. 状语从句(本次练习重点考查让步状语从句)
核心定义:修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的从句,根据含义分为:时间、地点、原因、让步、条件、目的、结果等状语从句,本次练习重点考查让步状语从句,补充其他高频类型。
(1)让步状语从句(本次练习对应例题):This resurgence of a “retro” craft shows that though/although trends may change, the human desire to create and connect remains the same.(表“虽然、尽管”,用though/although)。
核心考点:让步状语从句连词(高考高频):
- though/although:表“虽然、尽管”,可互换,不能与but连用(如Though he is tired, he still works hard. 不可写为Though he is tired, but he still works hard.);
- even if/even though:表“即使、纵然”(语气比though/although强,如Even if it rains, we will go out. 即使下雨,我们也要出去);
- no matter what/how/who等:表“无论……”(如No matter what difficulties we meet, we should never give up. 无论我们遇到什么困难,都不应该放弃,对应本次练习举一反三第7题)。
(2)其他高频状语从句(补充,高考必考):
① 时间状语从句:when(当……时)、while(当……时,从句用进行时)、as(一边……一边……)、until(直到……)、since(自从……)(如Since he came to this city, he has made a lot of friends. 自从他来到这座城市,已经交了很多朋友,对应本次练习第二组第14题);
② 目的状语从句:so that(为了,以便)、in order that(为了)(如He studies hard so that he can pass the exam. 他努力学习是为了能通过考试);
③ 条件状语从句:if(如果)、unless(除非)(如If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will have a picnic. 如果明天不下雨,我们就去野餐)。
解题思维:① 根据句子语义,判断状语从句类型(让步、时间、目的等);② 结合语境,选择合适的连词;③ 注意连词的固定用法(如though/although不与but连用)。
易错点:① though/although与but连用(错误,两者只能用一个);② while的用法错误(while引导时间状语从句,从句主语与主句主语一致且有be动词,可省略主语和be动词,如While (he was) working, he listened to music.);③ since的时态混淆(since引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时)。
五、冠词、介词、代词核心考点(基础送分点·零失误必备)
冠词、介词、代词是语法填空基础送分点,占比约10%-15%,知识点简单、规律明确,结合本次练习例题,梳理高考高频考点、固定搭配、易错点,确保基础分不丢失。
1. 冠词(本次练习重点考查a/an/the)
核心考点:
① 不定冠词a/an:表泛指,修饰可数名词单数;a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前(如a Chinese social media platform、an apple);
② 定冠词the:表特指(前文提到的人/物、独一无二的事物、序数词/最高级前、普通名词构成的专有名词前)(如the related topics、the event、the earth);
③ 零冠词:不可数名词、复数名词表泛指、专有名词(人名、地名、节日)前(如Taiji、kung fu、China)。
本次练习对应例题:
- a:Thousands of self-named “TikTok refugees” are flooding to Xiaohongshu, a Chinese social media platform.(表泛指,一个中国社交平台);
- the:Social media platforms are flooded with creative works... and the related topics have gained billions of views.(特指前文提到的创意作品的相关话题)。
易错点:① a与an混淆(Chinese以辅音音素开头,用a,不用an;apple以元音音素开头,用an);② 泛指与特指混淆(首次提到用a/an,再次提到用the);③ 不可数名词前加a/an(错误,如a harmony错误,harmony是不可数名词,无冠词)。
2. 介词(本次练习重点考查as、to、from等)
核心考点:固定搭配(高考必考,记忆为主),结合本次练习高频介词:
① as:作为(be launched as...、be thought of as...);
② to:到、向(from...to...、contribute...to...);
③ from:从(from...to...、originate from...);
④ for:为了、因为(provide sth for sb、be famous for...);
⑤ with:和……一起、带有(with friends gathering、with short films)。
解题思维:牢记介词固定搭配,结合语境判断,无需复杂分析,记忆即可得分。
易错点:① 固定搭配记忆错误(如be thought of as误写为be thought of for);② from...to...混淆(误写为from...and...);③ as与like混淆(as表“作为”,like表“像”)。
3. 代词(本次练习重点考查形容词性物主代词)
核心考点:
① 形容词性物主代词(my、your、his、her、its、our、their):修饰名词,表“……的”(如their lightning moves、their new house);
② 人称代词(主格I/you/he/she/it/we/they,宾格me/you/him/her/it/us/them):主格作主语,宾格作宾语;
③ 名词性物主代词(mine、yours、his、hers、its、ours、theirs):后面不接名词,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”(如This book is mine. = This book is my book.)。
本次练习对应例题:Master Mfaume... with short films of himself and his students showing off their lightning moves.(their修饰lightning moves,形容词性物主代词)。
易错点:① 形容词性物主代词与人称代词混淆(如their误写为they/them);② 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词混淆(如their误写为theirs,后面接名词时用their)。
六、名词单复数、并列连词核心考点(基础送分点·细节突破)
1. 名词单复数(本次练习重点考查)
核心考点:
① 可数名词单复数规则:
- 一般情况加-s(studio→studios、shop→shops、instruction→instructions);
- 以s、x、ch、sh结尾加-es(box→boxes、watch→watches);
- 以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i加-es(city→cities、family→families);
- 以f/fe结尾,变f/fe为v加-es(knife→knives、leaf→leaves);
- 不规则变化(child→children、man→men、woman→women、sheep→sheep)。
② 不可数名词:无复数形式(harmony、knowledge、water、air),前面不能加a/an,可用some、much修饰。
本次练习对应例题:It has also become a social activity, with friends gathering at DIY studios to create together.(studios复数,表多个工作室);others have posted instructions to make the app more accessible.(instructions复数,表多份指南)。
易错点:① 可数名词单数漏变复数(如studio误写为studio,结合friends复数,应用studios);② 不可数名词变复数(如harmony误写为harmonies);③ 拼写错误(studios误写为studioes)。
2. 并列连词(补充,高考高频)
核心考点:连接两个并列的单词、短语或句子,常用并列连词:and(表并列、顺承)、but(表转折)、or(表选择)、so(表结果)。
本次练习对应例题:In China, they were once an uncommon hobby, but have gone mainstream so far.(but表转折,连接两个并列谓语);Social media platforms are flooded with creative works... and the related topics have gained billions of views.(and表并列,连接两个句子)。
易错点:① but与though/although连用(错误,两者只能用一个);② and与or混淆(and表并列,or表选择,如I like apples and bananas. 我喜欢苹果和香蕉;I like apples or bananas. 我喜欢苹果或香蕉);③ 并列结构不一致(如He likes to read and writing. 错误,应为He likes to read and to write. 或He likes reading and writing.)。
七、高考语法填空解题万能步骤(必背·刷题提速必备)
结合本次练习所有考点,总结高考语法填空单句长难句解题万能步骤,适配所有题型,帮助学生快速锁定考点、减少失误,形成解题思维惯性:
1. 通读句子,判断句子类型(简单句/复合句):若句子有两个或多个谓语动词,且无连词连接,必是非谓语动词;若有连词连接,必是复合句(定语、宾语、状语从句)。
2. 分析句子成分(主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语):确定空格在句子中作什么成分,从而判断所需词性(如作定语→形容词/形容词性物主代词/名词所有格;作状语→副词/非谓语动词;作宾语→名词/代词/动名词)。
3. 锁定考点,逐一排除:
- 若空格后是动词,且句子已有谓语,考虑非谓语动词(主动doing、被动done、目的to do);
- 若空格前后是名词,考虑冠词(a/an/the)、介词、形容词、形容词性物主代词;
- 若空格是连词,考虑复合句引导词(定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句)或并列连词;
- 若空格是动词,考虑时态语态(先看时间标志词,再看主被动);
- 若空格是名词,考虑单复数;
- 若空格是形容词/副词,考虑词性转换。
4. 验证答案,检查易错点:
- 时态语态是否一致、主谓是否一致;
- 非谓语动词逻辑主被动是否正确;
- 冠词a/an/the使用是否正确;
- 词性转换拼写是否正确;
- 复合句引导词是否符合从句成分;
- 名词单复数、固定搭配是否正确。
八、高考高频易错点汇总(必背·避雷指南)
结合本次练习所有错题类型,汇总高考语法填空高频易错点,精准避雷,避免重复犯错,适配学生背诵记忆:
1. 时态类:
- 现在完成时与具体过去时间连用(如has produced in 1970s错误);
- 过去完成时与现在完成时混淆(by the end of+过去时间用过去完成时,by now用现在完成时);
- 宾语从句时态与主句不一致(主句过去时,从句用过去时态)。
2. 语态类:
- 物作主语误用主动语态(如beads arrange错误,应为are arranged);
- 被动语态漏用be动词(如downloaded误写为had downloaded);
- 时态与be动词不匹配(一般过去时被动用was/were,误写为is/are)。
3. 非谓语动词类:
- 主动关系误写为done,被动关系误写为doing(如Originating误写为Originated);
- 表目的误写为doing(如to guide误写为guiding);
- 拼写错误(referring误写为refering、starring误写为starring)。
4. 复合句类:
- 非限制性定语从句用that;
- 宾语从句语序错误(疑问句语序误写为陈述语序);
- though/although与but连用。
5. 词性转换类:
- 形容词修饰动词、副词修饰名词(如enthusiastic sharing错误,应为enthusiastically sharing);
- 拼写错误(enthusiastically误写为enthusiasticly、originally误写为originaly);
- 不可数名词变复数(如harmony误写为harmonies)。
6. 基础类:
- a与an混淆(Chinese前用a,不用an);
- 形容词性物主代词与人称代词混淆(their误写为they);
- 名词单复数拼写错误(studios误写为studioes);
- 固定搭配记忆错误(be thought of as误写为be thought of for)。
1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$