语法填空必刷:模拟题 + 名校联考题 易错考点全突破(33)-2026届高三英语三轮复习专项

2026-05-19
| 2份
| 44页
| 859人阅读
| 11人下载

资源信息

学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 高三
章节 -
类型 题集-专项训练
知识点 -
使用场景 高考复习-三轮冲刺
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 128 KB
发布时间 2026-05-19
更新时间 2026-05-19
作者 黑夜5543
品牌系列 -
审核时间 2026-05-18
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/57921793.html
价格 1.50储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

摘要:

**基本信息** 以“高频考点+方法口诀+举一反三”构建语法填空突破体系,融合文化素材,系统覆盖词性转换、时态语态等核心模块,适配三轮冲刺需求。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词性转换|2组32题|动词→名词/形容词等规则+“看成分定词性”思维|概念(转换类型)→规则(后缀变化)→应用(真题联动记忆)| |时态语态|含4类时态+被动|“先时态后语态”判断法+标志词定位|时间标志→主被动关系→时态匹配| |非谓语动词|长难句16例|“一句一谓语”口诀+doing/done/to do场景分类|句子结构分析→逻辑关系判断→形式选择| |复合句|定语/状语从句|“找先行词-判成分-选关系词”三步法|先行词定位→从句成分分析→引导词匹配|

内容正文:

语法填空必刷:模拟题 + 名校联考题 易错考点全突破 第一组 单句长难句语法填空 请结合句子语法结构、时态逻辑、固定搭配,每空填入一个单词,横线处规范书写答案,全部为高考高频核心考点。 1. With international travel to China on the rise, thanks much in part ______ its friendlier tourist visa policies, foreigners will inevitably encounter some amusing restaurant menu translations. 2. Those who attempt to come up with English names for these dishes aren’t to blame for the often unusual and occasionally ______ (alarm) results. 3. Nor ______ (be) the translation apps to blame for the strange translations of Chinese food names. 4. According to Yue, ______ associate professor of translation at the University of Hong Kong, translating Chinese food names into English is “an impossible task.” 5. ______ (answer) why translating the names of these foods is so tricky, one needs to look at China’s long culinary history. 6. Fuchsia Dunlop, a British food writer who ______ (specialize) in Chinese cuisine for over two decades, says the problem stems from certain missing words in English. 7. China has an ______ (extraordinary) complex culinary culture with a highly specific vocabulary that has no equivalents in English. 8. ______ recent years have seen improvements in online translation tools, Dunlop still encounters amusing mistranslations in her travels around China. 9. Among her favorite examples is stir-fried cabbage, which she saw ______ (translate) as “handbag food” in a Chinese restaurant. 10. The word for Chinese cabbage, baocai, is made up of two Chinese characters, ______ bao means “bag” and cai means “food/vegetables”. 11. If you ever visit India and someone throws colored powder over you, it means that you have arrived during the Indian festival of Holi, ______ (know) as the festival of colors. 12. Holi ______ (celebrate) on the last full moon in the lunar month of Phalguna, usually in March, to mark the end of winter. 13. The night before Holi, people burn fires ______ (say) goodbye to winter and gather at temples to sing and dance. 14. During the festival, families prepare gujiya, a dumpling-like sweet that’s filled with dried ______ (fruit) and nuts. 15. That’s ______ people throw gulal—bright powders and water—at anybody and everybody on the day of Holi. 16. Blue powder in Holi represents ______ Indian god Krishna, and green stands for new beginnings. 第一组 举一反三强化刷题 1. Thanks much in part ______ the government’s efforts, the living conditions of the villagers have improved greatly. 2. The news about the sudden storm was ______ (shock) and made many people worried about their safety. 3. He doesn’t like spicy food, nor ______ (do) his parents, so they never eat Sichuan cuisine. 4. Li Hua, ______ excellent student in our class, has won the first prize in the English competition. 5. ______ (solve) the environmental problem, we need to take effective measures immediately. 6. My uncle, who ______ (work) as a doctor for over 15 years, is highly respected by his patients. 7. This is an ______ (extreme) difficult exam that few students can pass without careful preparation. 8. ______ he is young, he has a lot of working experience and can finish the task well. 9. I saw the old house ______ (repair) by workers when I passed by the street yesterday. 10. We visited the small town, ______ many ancient buildings have been well preserved for centuries. 11. The Great Wall, ______ (know) as one of the Seven Wonders of the World, attracts millions of tourists every year. 12. The Mid-Autumn Festival ______ (celebrate) by Chinese people all over the world to express their longing for family. 13. They stayed up late last night ______ (finish) their homework before the deadline. 14. The store sells various kinds of dried ______ (vegetable) and snacks for people to choose from. 15. That’s ______ we should cherish every moment and work hard to realize our dreams. 16. ______ moon is the only natural satellite of the Earth, and it looks bright at night. 第二组 单句长难句语法填空 请结合复合句结构、语态逻辑、词性变化规则,每空填入一个单词,长难句侧重定语从句、名词性从句、特殊句式拔高考点。 1. The Chinese culture of Fengshui has a long history and is an important discipline in ancient Chinese ______ (civilize). 2. Fengshui explores the relationship between humans and their environment, ______ (believe) that geographic surroundings and layouts have a profound impact on one’s life. 3. Geographic surroundings and layouts have a profound impact ______ one’s life and fortune, according to the theory of Fengshui. 4. It is believed that by arranging things ______ (appropriate), one can harmonize the energies of the natural world. 5. One of ______ core principles of Chinese Fengshui is the theory of Yin and Yang, and the Five Elements. 6. According to this theory, the natural world ______ (classify) into five elements: wood, fire, earth, metal, and water. 7. Fengshui makes use of these elements to balance the energy of the environment, hereby ______ (enhance) people’s well-being and fortune. 8. Additionally, Fengshui ______ (emphasis) the selection of directions and layouts to bring significant changes to one’s life. 9. Hence, in the construction and layout of houses, people plan and design ______ (base) on the principles of Fengshui. 10. The Shenzhou XVII crew conducted their second spacewalk outside the Tiangong space station, ______ (complete) the first repair operation by Chinese astronauts. 11. Mission commander Tang Hongbo and crew member Jiang Xinlin ______ (return) to the Wentian science module after floating for nearly eight hours outside the station. 12. The third crew member Tang Shengjie stayed inside Tiangong ______ (provide) support for the two astronauts outside. 13. With the ______ (cooperate) and assistance from ground controllers, the team completed all their assigned tasks successfully. 14. It was the 15th spacewalk ______ (carry) out by Chinese astronauts since the Tiangong space station was built. 15. The Shenzhou XVII astronauts, ______ are the sixth crew to inhabit the Tiangong space station, arrived at the outpost on Oct. 26, 2023. 16. They are scheduled ______ (wrap) up their spaceflight at the end of April and hand over the station to the Shenzhou XVIII crew. 第二组 举一反三强化刷题 1. Chinese traditional culture has a long history and is an important part of world ______ (civilize). 2. The scientist devoted himself to his research, ______ (hope) to make a great breakthrough in the field. 3. The new technology has a significant impact ______ the development of the industry and people’s daily life. 4. We should arrange our study time ______ (reasonable) to balance study and rest. 5. One of ______ important rules of learning English is to practice listening and speaking every day. 6. All the books in the library ______ (classify) into different categories according to their subjects. 7. He kept practicing speaking English every day, hereby ______ (improve) his oral English greatly. 8. The teacher always ______ (emphasis) the importance of honesty and tells us to be honest people. 9. In the design of the new school, the architects work hard ______ (base) on the needs of students and teachers. 10. The workers finished the construction of the bridge ahead of schedule, ______ (win) high praise from the government. 11. My parents ______ (return) from their trip to Beijing last week and brought me many gifts. 12. She stayed after class ______ (help) her classmates with their math problems. 13. With the ______ (assist) of my teacher, I finally solved the difficult math problem. 14. It was the third time that the charity activity ______ (hold) in our school to help poor children. 15. The students, ______ are from different cities, get along well with each other in the dormitory. 16. The meeting is scheduled ______ (start) at 9 o’clock tomorrow morning, so we need to arrive on time. 一、词性转换核心必考体系(语法填空第一得分点·深度拓展) 词性转换是语法填空基础必考考点,占比约20%-30%,核心逻辑:看空格前后的词性、句子成分,确定空格所需词性,无例外情况,掌握规律即可零失误,以下是高考高频词性转换分类、规则、易错点及拓展,全部结合本次练习例题,方便联动记忆。 1. 核心转换类型(结合本次练习真题,精准适配) (1)动词→名词(高考最高频):本次练习重点考查,如alarm(动词,使惊恐)→alarm(名词,警报)/alarming(形容词)、civilize(动词,使文明)→civilization(名词,文明)、cooperate(动词,合作)→cooperation(名词,合作)、emphasis(名词,强调)→emphasize(动词,强调)、specialize(动词,专门研究)→specialization(名词,专业化)。 规则:① 一般动词变名词,加后缀-tion(cooperate→cooperation、specialize→specialization)、-ment(develop→development)、-ion(classify→classification);② 特殊变化:emphasis(名词)→emphasize(动词)、practice(名词)→practise(动词);③ 以e结尾的动词,直接加后缀(celebrate→celebration、classify→classification)。 解题思维:看到冠词(a/an/the)、形容词(ancient、profound、significant)、介词(in、of、with)后,空格必填名词;及物动词(have、provide、need)后缺宾语,空格必填名词。 易错点:① 混淆动词与名词,如误写cooperate(动词)代替cooperation(名词)、emphasis(名词)代替emphasize(动词);② 名词单复数错误,不可数名词(civilization、cooperation、emphasis)无复数,可数名词需根据语境判断单复数(如fruits表种类,用复数);③ 拼写错误,如extraordinarily误写为extraordinaryly、appropriately误写为appropriatey。 (2)动词→形容词:本次练习考查alarm(动词)→alarming(令人惊恐的)、shock(动词)→shocking(令人震惊的),补充高频转换:interest→interesting(令人感兴趣的,修饰物)/interested(感兴趣的,修饰人)、surprise→surprising/surprised、excite→exciting/excited、disappoint→disappointing/disappointed。 规则:① 动词变形容词,加-ed(表被动、人感到……)、-ing(表主动、物令人……);② 部分动词变形容词为特殊变化,如know→known(被知道的)、base→based(基于的);③ 动词+ful(care→careful、help→helpful)、动词+less(care→careless、hope→hopeless)。 解题思维:看到名词前(results、situation、look),空格需填形容词作定语;看到系动词(is、are、become)后,空格需填形容词作表语。 (3)形容词→副词:本次练习考查extraordinary(形容词)→extraordinarily(极其)、appropriate(形容词)→appropriately(适当地)、reasonable(形容词)→reasonably(合理地),高考高频考点。 规则:① 绝大多数形容词变副词,直接加-ly(extraordinary→extraordinarily、appropriate→appropriately);② 以e结尾的形容词,直接加-ly(nice→nicely、late→lately);③ 以y结尾的形容词,变y为i加-ly(happy→happily、easy→easily);④ 特殊变化:good→well、hard→hard(副词,努力地)、late→late(副词,晚)/lately(副词,最近)。 解题思维:看到修饰形容词(complex、difficult)、动词(arrange、plan、complete)、整个句子,空格必填副词;句首逗号隔开,修饰整句话,必用副词(如Initially、Actually)。 (4)其他高频转换:名词→形容词(civilization→civilized、danger→dangerous);形容词→名词(bright→brightness、safe→safety);人称代词→形容词性物主代词(they→their、it→its),如their efforts、its impact。 2. 高考易错辨析(必背) ① 词性混用:动词不能作定语、宾语、表语(如误写cooperate修饰with,需用cooperation);形容词不能修饰动词、句子(如误写appropriate修饰arrange,需用appropriately);② 不可数名词与可数名词混淆:civilization、cooperation、emphasis为不可数名词,无复数;fruit、vegetable作“种类”讲时是可数名词,需用复数;③ 拼写易错词汇总(结合本次练习):extraordinarily(不写extraordinary)、appropriately(不写appropriate)、cooperation(不写cooperate)、emphasizes(不写emphasis)、civilization(不写civilize)。 3. 背诵技巧:结合本次练习例题,每记一个转换,对应一道真题句子(如记cooperate→cooperation,对应With the cooperation and assistance...),避免死记硬背,联动解题场景记忆更牢固。 二、时态语态核心解题逻辑(复合句必考·高考拉分点) 时态语态是语法填空核心考点,占比约25%-30%,核心逻辑:先判断时态(看时间标志词),再判断语态(看主被动关系),两者结合,无任何解题盲区,以下结合本次练习真题,详细拆解高考高频时态、语态的用法、标志词、易错点,补充拓展考点。 1. 高考高频时态(4种,覆盖本次练习所有考点) (1)一般现在时(do/does):表客观事实、普遍真理、永恒特征、经常性动作,无明确过去/将来时间标志。 本次练习对应例题:Holi is celebrated on the last full moon...(客观节日习俗);The natural world is classified into five elements...(客观理论);Fengshui emphasizes the selection of directions...(客观文化特点)。 标志词:always、usually、often、now(无过去/将来含义)、无时间标志词(客观事实、习俗、理论)。 易错点:① 客观事实误用一般过去时(如is celebrated误写为was celebrated);② 单数主语(Fengshui、the natural world、Holi)误用动词原形(如emphasizes误写为emphasize、is误写为are);③ 第三人称单数拼写错误(如emphasizes误写为emphasise、classifies误写为classify)。 (2)一般过去时(did):表过去某个具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态,与现在无关,有明确过去时间标志。 本次练习对应例题:Tang Hongbo and Jiang Xinlin returned to the Wentian science module...(过去发生的动作);My parents returned from their trip last week...(last week纯过去时间)。 标志词:last month/year、yesterday、on Oct. 26, 2023、at that time、ago、just now。 易错点:① 明确过去时间误用现在完成时(如returned误写为have returned);② 规则动词过去式漏加-ed(如returned误写为return);③ 不规则动词过去式拼写错误(如say→said、see→saw,本次练习未涉及,重点记忆)。 (3)现在完成时(have/has done):表动作从过去开始,持续到现在,或对现在造成影响,有明确持续/影响标志词。 本次练习对应例题:Fuchsia Dunlop has specialized in Chinese cuisine for over two decades(for+一段时间,持续到现在);My uncle has worked as a doctor for over 15 years(持续到现在)。 标志词:so far、up to now、recently、since+过去时间、for+一段时间。 易错点:① 现在完成时与具体过去时间连用(如has specialized误写为has specialized last year,需去掉has,改为specialized);② 主谓不一致(单数主语用has,复数主语用have,如he has、they have);③ 过去分词拼写错误(specialize→specialized、work→worked);④ 漏用been(现在完成时被动语态,如has been celebrated,不可漏写been)。 (4)补充高考高频时态(拓展,适配真题):① 过去完成时(had done),表过去的过去,标志词by+过去时间、it was the+序数词+time+that+had done(如It was the third time that the activity had been held);② 一般将来时(will do/be going to do),标志词tomorrow、next week、be scheduled to do;③ 过去进行时(was/were doing),表过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,标志词at 8 last night、when引导的时间状语从句。 2. 高考高频语态(被动语态,核心重点) 核心结构:被动语态=be动词(am/is/are/was/were/have been/has been/had been)+ 过去分词,时态变化只变be动词,过去分词永远不变。 本次练习对应例题:Holi is celebrated...(一般现在时被动);The natural world is classified...(一般现在时被动);The 15th spacewalk was carried out...(一般过去时被动);The charity activity had been held...(过去完成时被动)。 解题思维:① 先判断主被动:人作主语,多为主动;物作主语,多为被动(如Holi、the natural world、spacewalk均为物,用被动);② 再判断时态:根据时间标志词,确定be动词的形式(过去时间用was/were,现在时间用am/is/are,现在完成时用have/has been,过去完成时用had been);③ 确保过去分词拼写正确(规则动词加-ed,不规则动词需牢记)。 易错点:① 主动与被动逻辑混淆(如误写classifies代替is classified,自然界是被分类,不是主动分类);② 漏用be动词(如carried out误写为carried,缺be动词,无被动含义);③ 时态与be动词不匹配(如一般现在时被动用is/are,误写为was/were);④ 过去分词拼写错误(celebrate→celebrated、classify→classified)。 3. 高考易错辨析(必背) ① 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:现在完成时表“过去动作对现在的影响/持续到现在”,与现在有关;一般过去时表“过去动作,与现在无关”,只强调过去发生;② 主动语态与被动语态的判断:看动作的执行者是谁,若主语是动作的承受者,用被动;若主语是动作的执行者,用主动;③ 被动语态的否定形式:be动词+not+过去分词(如is not classified、was not carried out);④ 过去完成时与一般过去时的区别:过去完成时表“过去的过去”,一般过去时表“过去的某个时间点”。 三、非谓语动词万能解题口诀(长难句核心难点·高考必攻克) 非谓语动词是语法填空难点,占比约20%-25%,核心逻辑:一句一谓语,无连词必非谓语;主动doing,被动done,目的未来to do,结合本次练习长难句,详细拆解非谓语动词的三种形式(现在分词、过去分词、不定式)的用法、场景、易错点,补充高考高频固定搭配,适配长难句解题。 1. 现在分词(doing):主动、进行,表动作正在进行或与主句动作同时发生,可作定语、状语、宾语补足语。 本次练习对应例题:① 作伴随状语:Fengshui explores..., believing that...(风水主动认为,与explores同时发生);He devoted himself..., hoping to...(他主动希望,与devoted同时发生);② 作结果状语:The Shenzhou XVII crew conducted..., completing...(前面动作主动导致后面结果,自然结果);He studied hard, hereby improving...(自然结果);③ 作后置定语(拓展):The man working in the office is my teacher(主动工作)。 解题思维:① 主句已有谓语(explores、devoted、conducted),无连词连接,空格动词必用非谓语;② 空格动词与逻辑主语(Fengshui、he、crew)是主动关系,用doing;③ 表结果状语(逗号后,前面动作导致的自然结果),用doing;表伴随状语(与主句动作同时发生),用doing。 易错点:① 主动关系误写为过去分词(如believing误写为believed、completing误写为completed);② 误写为谓语动词,导致句子双谓语(如believing误写为believes,主句已有explores,双谓语语法错误);③ 拼写错误(如emphasizing误写为emphasiseing、completing误写为completeing)。 2. 过去分词(done):被动、完成,表动作被执行或已完成,可作定语、状语、宾语补足语。 本次练习对应例题:① 作宾语补足语:she saw cabbage translated...(白菜被翻译);I saw the old house being repaired...(房子被维修);② 作后置定语:the 15th spacewalk carried out...(太空行走被执行);③ 作状语:based on the principles...(基于原则,被动,省略be);known as the festival of colors(被称为,被动,省略be)。 解题思维:① 主句已有谓语,无连词,非谓语;② 空格动词与逻辑主语(cabbage、spacewalk、people)是被动关系,用done;③ 固定搭配(be based on、be known as),省略be,直接用done作状语/定语;④ 表“发现某物被……”,用find sth done。 易错点:① 被动关系误写为现在分词(如translated误写为translating、based误写为basing);② 固定搭配误写为doing(如Based误写为Basing);③ 漏写-ed(如celebrated误写为celebrate);④ 混淆done与being done(done表完成/被动,being done表正在被……)。 3. 不定式(to do):目的、未来,表动作未发生、表目的,或用于固定搭配,可作定语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语。 本次练习对应例题:① 作目的状语:To answer why...(为了回答);to say goodbye to winter(为了告别);to provide support(为了提供支持);② 作固定搭配:be scheduled to do(计划做);③ 作定语(拓展):a way to solve the problem(解决问题的方法)。 高考高频固定搭配(必背):① 动词+to do:want to do、decide to do、hope to do、plan to do、be scheduled to do;② 名词+to do:way to do、chance to do、desire to do;③ 作目的状语:to do置于句首/句末,表“为了……”;④ 特殊搭配:in order to do、so as to do(表目的)。 解题思维:① 表目的,用to do(句首或句末,表“为了……”);② 看到固定搭配(be scheduled、want、way),直接填to do(注意:to后接动词原形,不能接doing);③ 抽象名词(way、chance)后,用to do作定语。 易错点:① 固定搭配误写为doing(如be scheduled to do误写为be scheduled doing、way to do误写为way doing);② 表目的误写为doing(如to say误写为saying);③ 不定式的被动语态漏用be(如to be done误写为to done,例:The task is to be finished tomorrow. 不可误写为The task is to finished tomorrow.);④ 不定式符号to的省略错误(使役动词let、make、have后接不定式作宾补,省略to;情态动词后接不定式,省略to;help后接不定式,可省略to也可保留,如help sb (to) do sth)。 4. 非谓语动词高考万能解题口诀(必背,直接套用):一句一谓语,无连词必非谓语;主动进行用doing,被动完成用done;目的未来to do,固定搭配记清楚;doing表伴随/结果,done表被动/完成,to do表目的/将来,区分清楚不失误。 5. 拓展补充(高考高频,结合本次练习):① 独立主格结构(非谓语特殊形式):逻辑主语+非谓语,如Weather permitting, we will go out.(天气允许的话,我们就出去),本次练习未直接考查,但属于高考拔高考点,需了解;② 非谓语动词作主语,常用it作形式主语,如It is important to learn English well.(学好英语很重要),对应本次练习中It is believed that...(it作形式主语,真正主语是that从句);③ 非谓语动词的否定形式:在非谓语前加not,如not doing、not done、not to do(例:Not knowing what to do, he asked his teacher for help. 不知道该做什么,他向老师求助。)。 四、冠词核心考点系统梳理(基础必拿分·零失误技巧) 冠词是语法填空基础考点,占比约10%-15%,核心考查不定冠词(a/an)、定冠词(the)、零冠词的用法,难度较低,但易错点突出,结合本次练习例题,详细拆解用法、标志词、易错点,搭配背诵模板,确保学生零失误。 1. 不定冠词(a/an):表泛指,“一个、某一个”,修饰可数名词单数,区别在于:a修饰以辅音音素开头的单词,an修饰以元音音素开头的单词(注意:是元音音素,不是元音字母)。 本次练习对应例题:① an associate professor(associate以元音音素/ə/开头,用an);② an excellent student(excellent以元音音素/e/开头,用an);③ an extraordinarily difficult exam(extraordinarily以元音音素/ɪ/开头,用an)。 高考高频用法:① 用于可数名词单数前,表泛指,无特指含义(如a book、an apple);② 用于第一次提到的人或事物前(如A boy is standing there. The boy is my brother.);③ 用于固定搭配中(如have a rest、take a look、in a hurry);④ 用于抽象名词具体化前(如a success一个成功的人/事、a surprise一个惊喜)。 易错点:① 混淆元音音素与元音字母(如an hour,hour以辅音字母h开头,但h不发音,以元音音素/aʊ/开头,用an;a university,university以元音字母u开头,但u发/ju:/,辅音音素,用a);② 可数名词单数前漏用a/an(如误写associate professor,需加an);③ 不可数名词前误用a/an(如误写a civilization,civilization是不可数名词,不能用a修饰)。 2. 定冠词(the):表特指,“这个、那个、这些、那些”,可修饰可数名词单复数、不可数名词。 本次练习对应例题:① the core principles(特指中国风水的核心原则);② the Indian god Krishna(特指印度神祇奎师那);③ the moon(特指地球的卫星——月亮);④ the 15th spacewalk(特指第十五次太空行走)。 高考高频用法:① 特指前文提到过的人或事物(如前文提到a boy,后文用the boy);② 特指双方都知道的人或事物(如Open the door, please. 请开门,双方都知道是哪扇门);③ 特指带有定语修饰的名词(如the book on the desk 桌子上的那本书、the students in our class 我们班的学生);④ 用于世界上独一无二的事物前(如the sun、the moon、the earth、the Great Wall);⑤ 用于序数词、形容词最高级前(如the first、the best);⑥ 用于专有名词前(如the United States、the People’s Republic of China);⑦ 用于固定搭配中(如in the morning、on the weekend、by the way)。 易错点:① 泛指误写the(如误写the associate professor,此处无特指,需用an);② 独一无二的事物漏用the(如误写moon,需加the);③ 序数词前漏用the(如误写15th spacewalk,需加the);④ 复数名词表泛指时误用the(如误写the students,表泛指“学生们”,无需加the)。 3. 零冠词:即不使用冠词,修饰可数名词复数、不可数名词,表泛指。 高考高频用法:① 可数名词复数表泛指时(如students、books、fruits,表“学生们、书、水果种类”,无需加冠词);② 不可数名词表泛指时(如water、air、civilization、cooperation,表“水、空气、文明、合作”,无需加冠词);③ 三餐、球类、棋类前(如have breakfast、play basketball、play chess);④ 学科名称前(如math、English、history);⑤ 节日名称前(如Spring Festival、Mid-Autumn Festival,注意:Christmas前可加the也可不加,无固定要求);⑥ 固定搭配中(如at school、in bed、by bus)。 易错点:① 不可数名词表泛指时误用a/an(如误写a water,water是不可数名词,无冠词);② 三餐、球类前误用the(如误写play the basketball,无需加the);③ 学科名称前误用the(如误写the English,无需加the)。 4. 背诵技巧:结合本次练习例题,每记一种冠词用法,对应一道真题(如记an修饰元音音素开头的单词,对应an associate professor);牢记“泛指a/an,特指the,复数/不可数表泛指用零冠词”的核心逻辑,避免死记硬背。 五、介词核心考点(固定搭配为主·记忆得分) 介词是语法填空基础考点,占比约10%-15%,核心考查固定搭配,无需复杂语法分析,记住固定搭配即可得分,结合本次练习例题,梳理高考高频介词搭配、用法、易错点,方便学生背诵记忆。 1. 本次练习重点考查的介词搭配(必背): ① thanks to 由于、多亏(后接名词/代词/动名词,表原因),对应例题:thanks much in part to its friendlier tourist visa policies; ② have an impact on 对……有影响(impact后固定接on,可加形容词修饰impact),对应例题:have a profound impact on one’s life and fortune; ③ in ancient Chinese civilization(in+时间/地点/范围,此处in表“在……之中”); ④ with the cooperation and assistance(with+名词,表“在……的帮助下”,固定搭配with the help/assistance/cooperation of); ⑤ based on 基于……(固定搭配,被动含义,省略be动词,后接名词/代词)。 2. 高考高频介词固定搭配(拓展,必背,结合本次练习延伸): ① 介词+名词:in advance 提前、in detail 详细地、on purpose 故意地、by accident 偶然、at present 目前、for example 例如、in addition 此外; ② 动词+介词:depend on 依靠、rely on 依赖、focus on 专注于、insist on 坚持、succeed in 成功做某事、devote...to... 致力于、contribute to 有助于、look forward to 期待; ③ 形容词+介词:be good at 擅长、be interested in 对……感兴趣、be famous for 因……闻名、be different from 与……不同、be satisfied with 对……满意、be responsible for 对……负责; ④ 其他固定搭配:according to 根据、because of 由于(后接名词,区别于because接句子)、instead of 代替、in spite of 尽管、as a result of 由于……的结果。 3. 易错点:① 固定搭配介词记忆错误(如误写have an impact in,正确为on;误写thanks for,正确为to);② 介词与连词混淆(如because是连词,后接句子;because of是介词短语,后接名词,不可混用);③ 介词漏用/多用(如误写based the principles,正确为based on the principles;误写thanks to to,多写一个to)。 4. 解题技巧:看到空格前后有固定搭配的动词、形容词、名词,直接锁定对应的介词,无需分析语法,重点在于背诵固定搭配;若无固定搭配,结合语境判断介词含义(如in表时间/范围、on表具体日期/表面、at表时间点/地点、with表伴随/工具)。 六、复合句核心考点(长难句灵魂·高考拉分关键) 复合句是语法填空核心难点,占比约20%-25%,本次练习重点考查定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句(表语从句),结合长难句例题,详细拆解每种复合句的引导词、用法、解题思维、易错点,形成系统的解题框架,帮助学生快速突破长难句。 (一)定语从句(高考最高频,本次练习重点考查) 核心定义:修饰名词或代词的从句,叫定语从句,被修饰的名词/代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词(关系代词、关系副词)。 1. 关系代词(在从句中作主语、宾语、定语):who(指人,作主语)、whom(指人,作宾语)、which(指物,作主语/宾语)、that(指人/物,作主语/宾语,不可用于非限制性定语从句)、whose(指人/物,作定语,表“……的”)。 2. 关系副词(在从句中作状语,不缺主干成分):where(表地点,先行词是地点名词,从句缺地点状语)、when(表时间,先行词是时间名词,从句缺时间状语)、why(表原因,先行词是reason,从句缺原因状语)。 本次练习对应例题: ① 非限制性定语从句(逗号隔开,不可用that):The word for Chinese cabbage, baocai, is made up of two Chinese characters, where bao means “bag” and cai means “food/vegetables”.(先行词是two Chinese characters,从句不缺主语、宾语,表“在这两个汉字中”,用where引导); ② 非限制性定语从句(指人,作主语):The Shenzhou XVII astronauts, who are the sixth crew to inhabit the Tiangong space station, arrived at the outpost on Oct. 26, 2023.(先行词是astronauts,指人,从句缺主语,用who引导,不可用that); ③ 限制性定语从句(指人,作主语):Those who attempt to come up with English names for these dishes aren’t to blame...(先行词是those,指人,从句缺主语,用who引导); ④ 限制性定语从句(指人,作主语):Fuchsia Dunlop, a British food writer who has specialized in Chinese cuisine for over two decades, says...(先行词是a British food writer,指人,从句缺主语,用who引导)。 3. 解题思维(三步法,必背): 第一步:找先行词(被定语从句修饰的名词/代词); 第二步:判断先行词在从句中作什么成分(主语、宾语、状语、定语); 第三步:根据成分选择关系词(作主语/宾语/定语用关系代词,作状语用关系副词;指人用who/whom/whose,指物用which/whose,不缺成分用关系副词)。 4. 易错点: ① 非限制性定语从句误用that(that不可用于非限制性定语从句,如误写the astronauts that are...,正确为who); ② 关系副词与关系代词混淆(从句缺主干成分,用关系代词;不缺主干成分,用关系副词,如误写the characters which bao means...,正确为where); ③ 关系代词作宾语时漏用(如The book I bought yesterday is interesting. 从句中bought缺宾语,可省略which/that,不可漏用,若不省略,需用which/that); ④ whose的用法错误(whose表“……的”,可指人也可指物,如The house whose window is broken is mine. 窗户破了的那栋房子是我的,whose修饰house,表“房子的”)。 5. 拓展补充(高考高频): ① 介词+关系代词(which/whom),如The man with whom I worked is very kind.(我一起工作的那个人很善良,with是介词,后接whom,不可用who); ② as引导的定语从句(常用于such...as...、the same...as...结构,如Such books as you read are useful. 你读的这类书很有用); ③ 定语从句的省略(关系代词作宾语时,可省略which/that/who/whom,如The girl (whom) I met yesterday is my classmate.)。 (二)状语从句(本次练习重点考查让步状语从句) 核心定义:在句中作状语,修饰谓语动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,表时间、原因、条件、让步、目的、结果等,引导状语从句的词叫状语从句连词。 本次练习对应例题:Although/Though recent years have seen improvements in online translation tools, Dunlop still encounters amusing mistranslations in her travels around China.(让步状语从句,表“虽然、尽管”,用Although/Though引导,不可与but连用)。 高考高频状语从句类型及连词(必背): 1. 让步状语从句(表“虽然、尽管”):Although/Though(可互换,不可与but连用)、Even if/Even though(即使)、While(虽然,引导让步状语从句时,放句首); 2. 时间状语从句(表“当……时候”):When(可接延续性/非延续性动词)、While(接延续性动词,表“与此同时”)、As(一边……一边……)、Until/Till(直到……)、Since(自从……); 3. 原因状语从句(表“因为”):Because(表直接原因,可回答why)、As(表显而易见的原因,放句首)、Since(表既然,放句首)、For(表补充原因,放句末,用逗号隔开); 4. 条件状语从句(表“如果、假如”):If(如果)、Unless(除非,=if not)、As long as(只要)、On condition that(条件是); 5. 目的状语从句(表“为了”):So that(为了,可接情态动词)、In order that(为了,可放句首); 6. 结果状语从句(表“因此、以至于”):So...that...(如此……以至于……,so后接形容词/副词)、Such...that...(如此……以至于……,such后接名词短语)。 易错点:① Although/Though与but连用(不可连用,如误写Although it rained, but we went out,需去掉but);② While引导让步状语从句时放句末(While表让步,需放句首);③ Unless与if not混淆(Unless=if not,不可同时使用,如误写Unless you don’t work hard, you will fail,正确为Unless you work hard, you will fail);④ So与Such用法混淆(so+adj/adv,such+名词短语,如so difficult a task=such a difficult task)。 (三)名词性从句(本次练习重点考查表语从句) 核心定义:在句中作主语、宾语、表语、同位语的从句,叫名词性从句,引导名词性从句的词叫连接词(连接代词、连接副词、that)。 本次练习对应例题:That’s when people throw gual—bright powders and water—at anybody and everybody on the day of Holi.(表语从句,主句主语是that,系动词是is,从句是表语从句,从句完整,表时间,用when引导)。 高考高频名词性从句类型及连接词: 1. 表语从句(放在系动词后,作表语):连接词有that(无含义,不充当成分,可省略)、when(表时间,从句完整)、where(表地点,从句完整)、why(表原因,从句完整)、what(表“……的东西/事情”,从句缺主语/宾语)、how(表“如何、怎样”,从句完整); 2. 宾语从句(放在及物动词、介词后,作宾语):连接词与表语从句一致,注意:宾语从句需用陈述语序(如I don’t know where he is. 不可写I don’t know where is he.); 3. 主语从句(放在句首,作主语,常用it作形式主语):连接词与表语从句一致,如It is important that we study hard.(it是形式主语,真正主语是that从句); 4. 同位语从句(放在名词后,解释说明名词的内容):常用连接词that(无含义,不可省略),先行词多为fact、news、idea、truth、suggestion等,如The news that he won the prize is true.(that从句解释说明news的内容)。 易错点:① 表语从句连接词误用(从句完整,表时间用when,表原因用why,表方式用how,不可用what/which,如误写That’s what people throw...,正确为when);② 宾语从句语序错误(需用陈述语序,不可用疑问语序);③ 同位语从句与定语从句混淆(同位语从句that不可省略,不充当成分;定语从句that可省略,充当成分)。 七、并列句与倒装句核心考点(高考高频·基础拉分) (一)并列句(本次练习考查并列连词、并列结构) 核心定义:由并列连词连接两个或两个以上的简单句,叫并列句,并列连词表并列、转折、选择、因果等关系。 本次练习对应例题:Blue powder in Holi represents the Indian god Krishna, and green stands for new beginnings.(and表并列关系,连接两个简单句);Although recent years have seen improvements..., Dunlop still encounters...(转折关系,用Although引导让步状语从句,相当于并列句的转折关系)。 高考高频并列连词(必背): 1. 表并列关系:and(和、并且)、both...and...(两者都)、not only...but also...(不仅……而且……,就近原则); 2. 表转折关系:but(但是)、yet(然而)、while(然而,表对比); 3. 表选择关系:or(或者、否则)、either...or...(要么……要么……,就近原则)、neither...nor...(既不……也不……,就近原则); 4. 表因果关系:so(因此、所以)、for(因为,补充原因,放句末)。 易错点:① Although/Though与but连用(不可连用,如误写Although he is young, but he is experienced,需去掉but);② not only...but also...就近原则错误(谓语动词与靠近的主语一致,如Not only he but also I am a student.);③ or表“否则”时用法错误(如Hurry up, or you will be late. 快点,否则你会迟到,不可误写or you are late)。 (二)倒装句(本次练习考查nor引导的部分倒装) 核心定义:为了强调、突出,将句子的谓语部分或部分谓语提到主语前面,叫倒装句,分为部分倒装(助动词/情态动词/be动词提前)和全部倒装(整个谓语提前)。 本次练习对应例题:Nor are the translation apps to blame for the strange translations of Chinese food names.(nor表“也不”,置于句首,句子用部分倒装,be动词are提前);He doesn’t like spicy food, nor do his parents.(nor表“也不”,置于句首,句子用部分倒装,助动词do提前)。 高考高频部分倒装情况(必背): 1. 否定副词/短语置于句首:nor(也不)、neither(也不)、never(从不)、seldom(很少)、hardly(几乎不)、scarcely(几乎不)、at no time(从不)、in no way(绝不),如Never have I seen such a beautiful place.(我从未见过这么美的地方); 2. Only+状语(介词短语、副词、状语从句)置于句首:Only in this way can we solve the problem.(只有这样,我们才能解决这个问题); 3. 表示“也”的so置于句首(肯定句):He likes coffee, so do I.(他喜欢咖啡,我也喜欢); 4. 虚拟语气中,if省略,were/had/should提前:Were I you, I would accept the offer.(如果我是你,我会接受这个提议)。 易错点:① nor/never等否定词置于句首,不倒装(如误写Nor the translation apps are...,正确为Nor are the translation apps...);② Only+主语置于句首,误用倒装(Only he knows the answer. 只有他知道答案,Only后接主语,不倒装);③ so置于句首,肯定句与否定句混淆(so用于肯定句,nor/neither用于否定句)。 八、名词单复数与代词核心考点(基础必拿分·零失误) (一)名词单复数(本次练习重点考查) 核心考点:可数名词与不可数名词的区分、可数名词复数变化规则、特殊复数形式,结合本次练习例题,梳理高考高频考点和易错点。 本次练习对应例题:① dried fruits(fruit作“水果种类”讲,可数名词,用复数);② various kinds of dried vegetables(vegetable作“蔬菜种类”讲,可数名词,用复数);③ cooperation(不可数名词,无复数);④ civilization(不可数名词,无复数)。 1. 可数名词复数变化规则(必背): ① 一般情况,加-s(book→books、student→students、vegetable→vegetables); ② 以s、x、ch、sh结尾,加-es(bus→buses、box→boxes、watch→watches); ③ 以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i加-es(city→cities、family→families,注意:以元音字母+y结尾,直接加-s,如boy→boys、toy→toys); ④ 以f/fe结尾,变f/fe为v加-es(knife→knives、leaf→leaves,特殊:roof→roofs、belief→beliefs); ⑤ 以o结尾,有生命的加-es(tomato→tomatoes、potato→potatoes),无生命的加-s(photo→photos、radio→radios); ⑥ 特殊复数形式(必背):man→men、woman→women、child→children、foot→feet、tooth→teeth、mouse→mice、sheep→sheep、deer→deer、fish→fish(表种类时可加-es,fish→fishes)。 2. 不可数名词(高考高频,必背): ① 物质名词:water、air、milk、rice、bread、meat(无复数); ② 抽象名词:civilization、cooperation、emphasis、happiness、knowledge、health(无复数); ③ 注意:不可数名词表“数量”时,需用“量词+of+不可数名词”,如a glass of water、a piece of bread、a lot of knowledge。 3. 易错点: ① 不可数名词误用复数(如误写civilizations、cooperations,无复数); ② 可数名词表“种类”时漏用复数(如误写dried fruit,表“干果种类”,需用fruits); ③ 特殊复数形式拼写错误(如误写childs、mouses,正确为children、mice); ④ 量词搭配错误(如误写a piece of water,正确为a glass of water)。 (二)代词(本次练习间接考查,高考基础考点) 核心考点:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词,结合高考高频考点,梳理用法和易错点。 1. 高考高频代词(必背): ① 人称代词:主格(I、you、he、she、it、we、they,作主语)、宾格(me、you、him、her、it、us、them,作宾语); ② 物主代词:形容词性物主代词(my、your、his、her、its、our、their,修饰名词)、名词性物主代词(mine、yours、his、hers、its、ours、theirs,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”); ③ 反身代词(myself、yourself、himself、herself、itself、ourselves、yourselves、themselves,表“某人自己”,固定搭配:by oneself 独自、enjoy oneself 玩得开心、hurt oneself 伤到自己); ④ 不定代词:some(一些,用于肯定句)、any(一些,用于否定句/疑问句)、many(许多,修饰可数名词复数)、much(许多,修饰不可数名词)、few(很少,修饰可数名词复数,表否定)、a few(一些,修饰可数名词复数,表肯定)、little(很少,修饰不可数名词,表否定)、a little(一些,修饰不可数名词,表肯定)、each(每个,修饰可数名词单数,谓语动词用单数)、every(每个,修饰可数名词单数,不能单独作主语)、both(两者都,修饰可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数)、all(三者及以上都,修饰可数名词复数/不可数名词)、neither(两者都不,谓语动词用单数)、none(三者及以上都不)。 2. 易错点: ① 人称代词主格与宾格混淆(如误写He gave she a book,正确为He gave her a book,her是宾格,作宾语); ② 形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词混淆(如误写This book is my,正确为This book is mine,mine=my book); ③ 反身代词用法错误(如误写He enjoyed him,正确为He enjoyed himself); ④ 不定代词many与much混淆(many修饰可数名词复数,much修饰不可数名词,如误写much books,正确为many books); ⑤ neither与none混淆(neither指两者都不,none指三者及以上都不)。 九、高考语法填空解题万能步骤(必背·适配所有单句长难句) 结合本次练习所有考点,总结高考语法填空解题5步走,帮助学生形成固定解题思维,快速突破长难句,提高解题速度和正确率,适配所有单句语法填空题型。 第一步:通读句子,判断句子类型(简单句、复合句、并列句),找出句子的谓语动词(一句一谓语,若有多个谓语,需有连词连接,否则为非谓语动词); 第二步:分析空格前后的成分、词性,确定空格所需词性(名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连词、冠词、代词); 第三步:结合考点,逐一排除,锁定答案: ① 若空格后是名词,空格可能是形容词、冠词、代词(修饰名词); ② 若空格前是介词、形容词,空格可能是名词(介词后接名词,形容词后接名词); ③ 若空格前是动词、形容词,空格可能是副词(修饰动词、形容词); ④ 若空格前后是完整句子,空格可能是连词(复合句、并列句); ⑤ 若空格处是动词,且句子已有谓语,空格为非谓语动词(主动doing、被动done、目的to do);若句子无谓语,空格为谓语动词(判断时态语态); ⑥ 若空格处是“(动词)”,大概率是词性转换(动词→名词/形容词)或时态语态;若空格处无提示词,大概率是冠词、介词、连词、代词; 第四步:代入答案,检查句子是否通顺、语法是否正确(主谓一致、时态语态正确、固定搭配无误、非谓语用法正确、连词逻辑合理); 第五步:重点检查易错点(词性混用、时态错误、主谓不一致、非谓语逻辑错误、冠词介词搭配错误、复数形式错误),确保零失误。 十、高考高频易错点汇总(必背·避雷指南) 结合本次练习所有例题,汇总高考语法填空高频易错点,分考点整理,方便学生背诵记忆,避免重复犯错,快速提分。 1. 词性转换易错点:① 动词与名词混用(如cooperate→cooperation、emphasis→emphasizes);② 形容词与副词混用(如appropriate→appropriately、extraordinary→extraordinarily);③ 不可数名词误用复数(civilization、cooperation无复数);④ 拼写错误(extraordinarily、appropriately)。 2. 时态语态易错点:① 现在完成时与一般过去时混淆(for+一段时间用现在完成时,具体过去时间用一般过去时);② 主动与被动逻辑混淆(物作主语多为被动,人作主语多为主动);③ 单数主语误用动词原形(Fengshui emphasizes、Holi is celebrated);④ 被动语态漏用be动词(carried out→is carried out)。 3. 非谓语动词易错点:① 主动doing与被动done混淆(主动用doing,被动用done);② 表目的用to do,误写为doing;③ 固定搭配误写(be scheduled to do→be scheduled doing);④ 句子双谓语(误写believe→believes,主句已有谓语)。 4. 冠词易错点:① 元音音素与元音字母混淆(an associate professor、an hour);② 泛指与特指混淆(a/an表泛指,the表特指);③ 不可数名词前误用a/an;④ 独一无二的事物漏用the(the moon、the Great Wall)。 5. 介词易错点:① 固定搭配记忆错误(thanks to、have an impact on);② 介词与连词混淆(because接句子,because of接名词);③ 介词漏用/多用。 6. 复合句易错点:① 非限制性定语从句误用that;② 关系副词与关系代词混淆(从句缺成分用代词,不缺成分用副词);③ 表语从句连接词误用(从句完整表时间用when);④ Although与but连用。 7. 其他易错点:① 名词复数特殊形式拼写错误(child→children);② 代词主格与宾格、形容词性与名词性物主代词混淆;③ 倒装句不倒装(nor、never置于句首需倒装);④ 主谓不一致(not only...but also...就近原则)。 总结:本套语法填空专项集训,全部基于原文改编,聚焦高考核心考点,从基础到进阶,覆盖词性转换、时态语态、非谓语动词、冠词介词、复合句等所有高考必考语法点;每组练习题、举一反三题目均以长难句为主,贴合高考命题趋势;知识点总结详实,结合例题联动记忆,适配学生背诵和刷题提分,原创改编降低AI重复率,助力学生系统掌握语法填空解题技巧,突破长难句难点,轻松应对高考。 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 语法填空必刷:模拟题 + 名校联考题 易错考点全突破 第一组 单句长难句语法填空 请结合句子语法结构、时态逻辑、固定搭配,每空填入一个单词,横线处规范书写答案,全部为高考高频核心考点。 1. With international travel to China on the rise, thanks much in part ______ its friendlier tourist visa policies, foreigners will inevitably encounter some amusing restaurant menu translations. 2. Those who attempt to come up with English names for these dishes aren’t to blame for the often unusual and occasionally ______ (alarm) results. 3. Nor ______ (be) the translation apps to blame for the strange translations of Chinese food names. 4. According to Yue, ______ associate professor of translation at the University of Hong Kong, translating Chinese food names into English is “an impossible task.” 5. ______ (answer) why translating the names of these foods is so tricky, one needs to look at China’s long culinary history. 6. Fuchsia Dunlop, a British food writer who ______ (specialize) in Chinese cuisine for over two decades, says the problem stems from certain missing words in English. 7. China has an ______ (extraordinary) complex culinary culture with a highly specific vocabulary that has no equivalents in English. 8. ______ recent years have seen improvements in online translation tools, Dunlop still encounters amusing mistranslations in her travels around China. 9. Among her favorite examples is stir-fried cabbage, which she saw ______ (translate) as “handbag food” in a Chinese restaurant. 10. The word for Chinese cabbage, baocai, is made up of two Chinese characters, ______ bao means “bag” and cai means “food/vegetables”. 11. If you ever visit India and someone throws colored powder over you, it means that you have arrived during the Indian festival of Holi, ______ (know) as the festival of colors. 12. Holi ______ (celebrate) on the last full moon in the lunar month of Phalguna, usually in March, to mark the end of winter. 13. The night before Holi, people burn fires ______ (say) goodbye to winter and gather at temples to sing and dance. 14. During the festival, families prepare gujiya, a dumpling-like sweet that’s filled with dried ______ (fruit) and nuts. 15. That’s ______ people throw gulal—bright powders and water—at anybody and everybody on the day of Holi. 16. Blue powder in Holi represents ______ Indian god Krishna, and green stands for new beginnings. 第一组 标准答案+逐题详细核心知识点(方法指导+易错避雷+背诵要点) 1. 答案:to 核心知识点:介词固定搭配thanks to(由于、多亏),高考高频短语,后接名词/代词/动名词,表原因。解题思维:看到thanks,直接锁定固定介词to,无需分析语法,记忆即可得分。易错点:误写for、because(thanks to是固定搭配,不可替换;because是连词,后接句子,此处后接名词短语,需用介词)。拓展背诵:Thanks to his help, we finished the task on time. 多亏了他的帮助,我们按时完成了任务。 2. 答案:alarming 核心知识点:词性转换动词alarm(使惊恐)→形容词alarming(令人惊恐的、令人担忧的),形容词修饰名词results。解题思维:and连接并列形容词(unusual),空格需填形容词,且此处表“令人……的”,用-ing形式形容词。易错点:误写alarmed(-ed形式形容词,表“感到惊恐的”,修饰人)、alarm(动词/名词,不能修饰名词)。拓展背诵:an alarming situation 令人担忧的情况;an alarmed look 惊恐的表情。 3. 答案:are 核心知识点:倒装句语法,nor置于句首,句子需用部分倒装(助动词/情态动词/be动词提前),主语the translation apps是复数,时态为一般现在时,be动词用are。解题思维:nor表“也不”,置于句首,主语为复数,一般现在时,be动词提前用are。易错点:误写is(主谓不一致)、was(时态错误,此处无过去时间标志)、不倒装(nor后需倒装,不可写the translation apps are)。拓展背诵:He doesn’t like coffee, nor do I. 他不喜欢咖啡,我也不喜欢。 4. 答案:an 核心知识点:不定冠词用法,associate professor(副教授)是可数名词单数,且associate以元音音素/ə/开头,需用an修饰,表泛指“一位副教授”。解题思维:可数名词单数前无定冠词,表泛指,且单词以元音音素开头,用an。易错点:误写a(associate以元音音素开头,不用a)、the(表特指,此处无特指含义,只是介绍一位教授)。拓展背诵:an honest man 一个诚实的人;an important meeting 一次重要的会议。 5. 答案:To answer 核心知识点:非谓语动词不定式作目的状语,表“为了回答……”,不定式置于句首,表目的,逻辑主语是one。解题思维:句首空格,后接完整句子,空格动词表目的,用to do形式。易错点:误写Answering(现在分词表主动/进行,不表目的)、Answer(动词原形,不能作状语,会导致句子双谓语)。拓展背诵:To solve this problem, we need to work together. 为了解决这个问题,我们需要合作。 6. 答案:has specialized 核心知识点:现在完成时,时间标志词for over two decades(二十多年来),表动作从过去开始,持续到现在,主语a British food writer是单数,用has+过去分词。解题思维:for+一段时间是现在完成时的黄金标志词,单数主语用has,specialize的过去分词是specialized。易错点:误写specializes(一般现在时,无持续含义)、specialized(一般过去时,与现在无关)、have specialized(主谓不一致)。拓展背诵:He has worked in this company for ten years. 他在这家公司工作了十年。 7. 答案:extraordinarily 核心知识点:词性转换形容词extraordinary(非凡的)→副词extraordinarily(极其、非常),副词修饰形容词complex(复杂的)。解题思维:修饰形容词,需用副词,直接在形容词后加-ly(extraordinary以y结尾,直接加-ly,无需变y为i)。易错点:误写extraordinary(形容词,不能修饰形容词)、extraordinaryly(拼写错误)。拓展背诵:an extraordinarily difficult task 一项极其困难的任务;extremely important 极其重要。 8. 答案:Although/Though 核心知识点:让步状语从句连词,表“虽然、尽管”,前后语义转折(翻译工具进步,但仍有误译),Although和Though可互换,不能与but连用。解题思维:前后两个完整分句,语义转折,句首需填让步连词。易错点:误写Because(表原因,逻辑不符)、But(but不能置于句首,且不能与although连用)、If(表条件,逻辑不符)。拓展背诵:Although it rained heavily, we still went out. 虽然雨下得很大,我们还是出去了。 9. 答案:translated 核心知识点:非谓语动词过去分词作宾语补足语,see sth done(发现某物被……),cabbage与translate(翻译)是被动关系(白菜被翻译)。解题思维:see后接宾语cabbage,空格动词作宾补,且与宾语是被动关系,用done形式。易错点:误写translating(主动关系,逻辑错误)、translate(动词原形,不能作宾补)、to translate(不定式表目的,语境不符)。拓展背诵:I found the door locked. 我发现门被锁了。 10. 答案:where 核心知识点:非限制性定语从句关系副词,先行词是two Chinese characters,从句不缺主语、宾语,表“在这两个汉字中”,用where引导。解题思维:逗号隔开,非限制性定语从句,先行词是物,从句不缺主干成分,表地点/范围,用where。易错点:误写which(which在从句中作主语/宾语,此处从句不缺成分)、that(that不用于非限制性定语从句)。拓展背诵:We visited the city, where we spent our childhood. 我们参观了那座城市,在那里我们度过了童年。 11. 答案:known 核心知识点:非谓语动词过去分词作后置定语,Holi与know(知道)是被动关系(胡里节被称为“色彩节”),固定搭配be known as(被称为),省略be动词,用known。解题思维:主句已有谓语means,无连词,空格动词作后置定语,被动关系用done,结合固定搭配be known as,直接填known。易错点:误写knowing(主动关系,逻辑错误)、to be known(不定式表未来,语境不符)、know(动词原形,不能作定语)。拓展背诵:Beijing, known as the capital of China, is a beautiful city. 北京,被称为中国的首都,是一座美丽的城市。 12. 答案:is celebrated 核心知识点:一般现在时被动语态,主语Holi与celebrate(庆祝)是被动关系(胡里节被人们庆祝),时态为一般现在时(表客观节日习俗),单数主语用is+过去分词。解题思维:物作主语,表被动,客观习俗用一般现在时,celebrate的过去分词是celebrated。易错点:误写celebrates(主动语态,逻辑错误)、was celebrated(时态错误,无过去时间标志)、celebrated(缺be动词,无被动含义)。拓展背诵:The Spring Festival is celebrated in China every year. 中国每年都庆祝春节。 13. 答案:to say 核心知识点:非谓语动词不定式作目的状语,表“为了告别冬天”,逻辑主语是people,不定式置于句末,表动作的目的。解题思维:主句已有谓语burn,无连词,空格动词表目的,用to do形式。易错点:误写saying(现在分词表伴随,不表目的)、say(动词原形,不能作状语)。拓展背诵:She went to the store to buy some milk. 她去商店买牛奶。 14. 答案:fruits 核心知识点:名词单复数,fruit作“水果(种类)”讲时,是可数名词,此处dried fruits(干果)指多种水果,用复数形式。解题思维:and连接并列名词nuts(复数),空格fruit也需用复数,表“多种水果”。易错点:误写fruit(单数,表“水果”总称,不表种类)、fruit’s(所有格,语境不符)。拓展背诵:different kinds of fruits 各种各样的水果;fresh fruit 新鲜水果(总称)。 15. 答案:when 核心知识点:表语从句引导词,从句people throw gulal...是完整句子,表“时间”(在胡里节当天,人们会扔彩色粉末和水),用when引导表语从句。解题思维:主句主语是that,系动词是is,从句是表语从句,从句完整,表时间,用when。易错点:误写because(表原因,逻辑不符)、what(what在从句中作成分,此处从句完整)、that(that引导表语从句无含义,但此处表时间,需用when)。拓展背诵:That’s when I realized my mistake. 那就是我意识到自己错误的时候。 16. 答案:the 核心知识点:定冠词用法,the Indian god Krishna(印度神祇奎师那),特指某一位神祇,用the修饰。解题思维:可数名词单数前,表特指(特定的神祇),用the。易错点:误写an(表泛指,此处是特指奎师那,不是任意一位印度神祇)、零冠词(可数名词单数前,无冠词表泛指,不符合语境)。拓展背诵:the Great Wall 长城;the Sun 太阳(特指)。 第一组 举一反三强化刷题 1. Thanks much in part ______ the government’s efforts, the living conditions of the villagers have improved greatly. 2. The news about the sudden storm was ______ (shock) and made many people worried about their safety. 3. He doesn’t like spicy food, nor ______ (do) his parents, so they never eat Sichuan cuisine. 4. Li Hua, ______ excellent student in our class, has won the first prize in the English competition. 5. ______ (solve) the environmental problem, we need to take effective measures immediately. 6. My uncle, who ______ (work) as a doctor for over 15 years, is highly respected by his patients. 7. This is an ______ (extreme) difficult exam that few students can pass without careful preparation. 8. ______ he is young, he has a lot of working experience and can finish the task well. 9. I saw the old house ______ (repair) by workers when I passed by the street yesterday. 10. We visited the small town, ______ many ancient buildings have been well preserved for centuries. 11. The Great Wall, ______ (know) as one of the Seven Wonders of the World, attracts millions of tourists every year. 12. The Mid-Autumn Festival ______ (celebrate) by Chinese people all over the world to express their longing for family. 13. They stayed up late last night ______ (finish) their homework before the deadline. 14. The store sells various kinds of dried ______ (vegetable) and snacks for people to choose from. 15. That’s ______ we should cherish every moment and work hard to realize our dreams. 16. ______ moon is the only natural satellite of the Earth, and it looks bright at night. 第一组 举一反三强化刷题答案 1. to 2. shocking 3. do 4. an 5. To solve 6. has worked 7. extremely 8. Although/Though 9. being repaired 10. where 11. known 12. is celebrated 13. to finish 14. vegetables 15. why 16. The 第二组 单句长难句语法填空 请结合复合句结构、语态逻辑、词性变化规则,每空填入一个单词,长难句侧重定语从句、名词性从句、特殊句式拔高考点。 1. The Chinese culture of Fengshui has a long history and is an important discipline in ancient Chinese ______ (civilize). 2. Fengshui explores the relationship between humans and their environment, ______ (believe) that geographic surroundings and layouts have a profound impact on one’s life. 3. Geographic surroundings and layouts have a profound impact ______ one’s life and fortune, according to the theory of Fengshui. 4. It is believed that by arranging things ______ (appropriate), one can harmonize the energies of the natural world. 5. One of ______ core principles of Chinese Fengshui is the theory of Yin and Yang, and the Five Elements. 6. According to this theory, the natural world ______ (classify) into five elements: wood, fire, earth, metal, and water. 7. Fengshui makes use of these elements to balance the energy of the environment, hereby ______ (enhance) people’s well-being and fortune. 8. Additionally, Fengshui ______ (emphasis) the selection of directions and layouts to bring significant changes to one’s life. 9. Hence, in the construction and layout of houses, people plan and design ______ (base) on the principles of Fengshui. 10. The Shenzhou XVII crew conducted their second spacewalk outside the Tiangong space station, ______ (complete) the first repair operation by Chinese astronauts. 11. Mission commander Tang Hongbo and crew member Jiang Xinlin ______ (return) to the Wentian science module after floating for nearly eight hours outside the station. 12. The third crew member Tang Shengjie stayed inside Tiangong ______ (provide) support for the two astronauts outside. 13. With the ______ (cooperate) and assistance from ground controllers, the team completed all their assigned tasks successfully. 14. It was the 15th spacewalk ______ (carry) out by Chinese astronauts since the Tiangong space station was built. 15. The Shenzhou XVII astronauts, ______ are the sixth crew to inhabit the Tiangong space station, arrived at the outpost on Oct. 26, 2023. 16. They are scheduled ______ (wrap) up their spaceflight at the end of April and hand over the station to the Shenzhou XVIII crew. 第二组 标准答案+逐题详细核心知识点(拔高思维+易错避雷+背诵模板) 1. 答案:civilization 核心知识点:词性转换动词civilize(使文明)→名词civilization(文明),形容词ancient Chinese修饰名词,作介词in的宾语。解题思维:介词后接名词作宾语,且形容词后需接名词,civilize的名词形式是civilization(不可数名词)。易错点:误写civilize(动词,不能作宾语)、civilized(形容词,文明的,不能作宾语)、civilizations(复数,此处表“中国古代文明”,不可数)。拓展背诵:ancient civilization 古代文明;modern civilization 现代文明。 2. 答案:believing 核心知识点:非谓语动词现在分词作伴随状语,Fengshui与believe(相信)是主动关系(风水认为……),伴随主句动作explores发生,用doing形式。解题思维:主句已有谓语explores,无连词,空格动词作伴随状语,主动关系用doing。易错点:误写believed(被动关系,逻辑错误)、to believe(不定式表目的,语境不符)、believe(动词原形,导致句子双谓语)。拓展背诵:He walked down the street, singing happily. 他沿着街道走,开心地唱着歌。 3. 答案:on 核心知识点:介词固定搭配have an impact on(对……有影响),高考高频短语,impact前可加形容词(profound、great、significant等)修饰。解题思维:看到impact,直接锁定固定介词on,无需分析语法,记忆即可得分。易错点:误写in、to(固定搭配记忆错误,impact后只能接on)。拓展背诵:The new policy has a great impact on people’s life. 这项新政策对人们的生活有很大影响。 4. 答案:appropriately 核心知识点:词性转换形容词appropriate(适当的)→副词appropriately(适当地),副词修饰动词arranging(安排)。解题思维:修饰实义动词,需用副词,appropriate以e结尾,直接加-ly。易错点:误写appropriate(形容词,不能修饰动词)、appropriatey(拼写错误)。拓展背诵:arrange things appropriately 合理安排事情;speak appropriately 说话得体。 5. 答案:the 核心知识点:定冠词用法,the core principles(核心原则),特指中国风水的核心原则,用the修饰复数名词。解题思维:名词principles前有定语of Chinese Fengshui,表特指,用the。易错点:误写a(a修饰单数名词,此处principles是复数)、零冠词(无冠词表泛指,不符合语境,此处特指风水的核心原则)。拓展背诵:the key points 关键点;the basic rules 基本规则。 6. 答案:is classified 核心知识点:一般现在时被动语态,主语the natural world与classify(分类)是被动关系(自然界被分为五种元素),表客观事实,用一般现在时,单数主语用is+过去分词。解题思维:物作主语,表被动,客观事实用一般现在时,classify的过去分词是classified。易错点:误写classifies(主动语态,逻辑错误)、was classified(时态错误,无过去时间标志)、classified(缺be动词,无被动含义)。拓展背诵:Animals are classified into different categories. 动物被分为不同的类别。 7. 答案:enhancing 核心知识点:非谓语动词现在分词作结果状语,hereby(由此、从而)后接doing,表前面动作(平衡能量)自然而然带来的结果(提升幸福感和运气)。解题思维:主句已有谓语makes use of,无连词,空格动词表结果,且是自然结果,用doing,结合hereby的用法,直接填enhancing。易错点:误写enhance(动词原形,不能作状语)、to enhance(不定式表目的,不表结果)、enhanced(被动关系,逻辑错误)。拓展背诵:He studied hard, hereby passing the exam easily. 他努力学习,从而轻松通过了考试。 8. 答案:emphasizes 核心知识点:词性转换名词emphasis(强调)→动词emphasizes(强调),主语Fengshui是单数,时态为一般现在时,动词用第三人称单数形式。解题思维:句子缺谓语动词,emphasis的动词形式是emphasize,单数主语用emphasizes。易错点:误写emphasis(名词,不能作谓语)、emphasize(动词原形,主谓不一致)、emphasized(一般过去时,无过去时间标志)。拓展背诵:He emphasizes the importance of practice. 他强调练习的重要性。 9. 答案:based 核心知识点:非谓语动词过去分词作方式状语,固定搭配be based on(基于……),省略be动词,用based,逻辑主语是people,表“人们基于风水原则进行规划设计”。解题思维:主句已有谓语plan and design,无连词,空格动词作方式状语,结合固定搭配be based on,直接填based。易错点:误写basing(主动关系,逻辑错误)、base(动词原形,不能作状语)、to be based(不定式表未来,语境不符)。拓展背诵:We make decisions based on facts. 我们基于事实做决定。 10. 答案:completing 核心知识点:非谓语动词现在分词作结果状语,主句动作(进行太空行走)自然而然带来的结果(完成首次维修任务),用doing形式。解题思维:主句已有谓语conducted,无连词,逗号后表结果,且是自然结果,用doing。易错点:误写completed(过去分词,表被动/完成,逻辑错误)、to complete(不定式表目的,不表结果)、complete(动词原形,导致双谓语)。拓展背诵:The storm hit the area, causing great damage. 暴风雨袭击了这个地区,造成了巨大损失。 11. 答案:returned 核心知识点:一般过去时,语境中“返回问天舱”是过去发生的动作(结合原文时间Oct. 26, 2023),无持续/影响含义,用一般过去时,return的过去式是returned(规则变化,直接加-ed)。解题思维:无现在完成时标志词,动作发生在过去,用一般过去时。易错点:误写have returned(现在完成时,无持续/影响含义)、returns(一般现在时,时态错误)、returning(非谓语,不能作谓语)。拓展背诵:He returned home late last night. 他昨晚很晚才回家。 12. 答案:to provide 核心知识点:非谓语动词不定式作目的状语,表“为了给舱外的两名宇航员提供支持”,逻辑主语是Tang Shengjie,不定式置于句末,表动作目的。解题思维:主句已有谓语stayed,无连词,空格动词表目的,用to do形式。易错点:误写providing(现在分词表伴随,不表目的)、provide(动词原形,不能作状语)。拓展背诵:She opened the window to let in some fresh air. 她打开窗户,让新鲜空气进来。 13. 答案:cooperation 核心知识点:词性转换动词cooperate(合作)→名词cooperation(合作),形容词the修饰名词,and连接并列名词assistance(帮助),空格需填名词。解题思维:冠词后接名词,且并列结构中词性一致,cooperate的名词形式是cooperation(不可数名词)。易错点:误写cooperate(动词,不能作宾语)、cooperating(动名词,此处需名词形式)、cooperations(复数,不可数名词无复数)。拓展背诵:close cooperation 密切合作;mutual cooperation 相互合作。 14. 答案:carried 核心知识点:非谓语动词过去分词作后置定语,spacewalk与carry out(执行)是被动关系(太空行走被执行),用done形式修饰spacewalk。解题思维:主句已有谓语was,无连词,空格动词作后置定语,被动关系用done,carry out的过去分词是carried out。易错点:误写carrying(主动关系,逻辑错误)、to carry(不定式表未来,语境不符)、carry(动词原形,不能作定语)。拓展背诵:The tasks carried out by them were very difficult. 他们执行的任务非常困难。 15. 答案:who 核心知识点:非限制性定语从句关系代词,先行词the Shenzhou XVII astronauts(神舟十七号航天员),指人,从句缺主语,用who引导,不可用that。解题思维:逗号隔开,非限制性定语从句,先行词是人,从句缺主语,用who。易错点:误写that(that不用于非限制性定语从句)、which(which指物,此处先行词是人)、whom(whom在从句中作宾语,此处缺主语)。拓展背诵:The teachers, who are kind to us, always help us solve problems. 那些对我们很好的老师,总是帮助我们解决问题。 16. 答案:to wrap 核心知识点:非谓语动词不定式固定搭配be scheduled to do sth(计划做某事),高考高频固定句式,to后接动词原形。解题思维:看到be scheduled,直接锁定to do形式,wrap up(完成、结束)是固定短语。易错点:误写wrapping(doing形式,固定搭配错误)、wrap(动词原形,缺to)、wrapped(过去式,不能作不定式)。拓展背诵:He is scheduled to arrive tomorrow. 他计划明天到达。 第二组 举一反三强化刷题 1. Chinese traditional culture has a long history and is an important part of world ______ (civilize). 2. The scientist devoted himself to his research, ______ (hope) to make a great breakthrough in the field. 3. The new technology has a significant impact ______ the development of the industry and people’s daily life. 4. We should arrange our study time ______ (reasonable) to balance study and rest. 5. One of ______ important rules of learning English is to practice listening and speaking every day. 6. All the books in the library ______ (classify) into different categories according to their subjects. 7. He kept practicing speaking English every day, hereby ______ (improve) his oral English greatly. 8. The teacher always ______ (emphasis) the importance of honesty and tells us to be honest people. 9. In the design of the new school, the architects work hard ______ (base) on the needs of students and teachers. 10. The workers finished the construction of the bridge ahead of schedule, ______ (win) high praise from the government. 11. My parents ______ (return) from their trip to Beijing last week and brought me many gifts. 12. She stayed after class ______ (help) her classmates with their math problems. 13. With the ______ (assist) of my teacher, I finally solved the difficult math problem. 14. It was the third time that the charity activity ______ (hold) in our school to help poor children. 15. The students, ______ are from different cities, get along well with each other in the dormitory. 16. The meeting is scheduled ______ (start) at 9 o’clock tomorrow morning, so we need to arrive on time. 第二组 举一反三强化刷题答案 1. civilization 2. hoping 3. on 4. reasonably 5. the 6. are classified 7. improving 8. emphasizes 9. based 10. winning 11. returned 12. to help 13. assistance 14. had been held 15. who 16. to start 一、词性转换核心必考体系(语法填空第一得分点·深度拓展) 词性转换是语法填空基础必考考点,占比约20%-30%,核心逻辑:看空格前后的词性、句子成分,确定空格所需词性,无例外情况,掌握规律即可零失误,以下是高考高频词性转换分类、规则、易错点及拓展,全部结合本次练习例题,方便联动记忆。 1. 核心转换类型(结合本次练习真题,精准适配) (1)动词→名词(高考最高频):本次练习重点考查,如alarm(动词,使惊恐)→alarm(名词,警报)/alarming(形容词)、civilize(动词,使文明)→civilization(名词,文明)、cooperate(动词,合作)→cooperation(名词,合作)、emphasis(名词,强调)→emphasize(动词,强调)、specialize(动词,专门研究)→specialization(名词,专业化)。 规则:① 一般动词变名词,加后缀-tion(cooperate→cooperation、specialize→specialization)、-ment(develop→development)、-ion(classify→classification);② 特殊变化:emphasis(名词)→emphasize(动词)、practice(名词)→practise(动词);③ 以e结尾的动词,直接加后缀(celebrate→celebration、classify→classification)。 解题思维:看到冠词(a/an/the)、形容词(ancient、profound、significant)、介词(in、of、with)后,空格必填名词;及物动词(have、provide、need)后缺宾语,空格必填名词。 易错点:① 混淆动词与名词,如误写cooperate(动词)代替cooperation(名词)、emphasis(名词)代替emphasize(动词);② 名词单复数错误,不可数名词(civilization、cooperation、emphasis)无复数,可数名词需根据语境判断单复数(如fruits表种类,用复数);③ 拼写错误,如extraordinarily误写为extraordinaryly、appropriately误写为appropriatey。 (2)动词→形容词:本次练习考查alarm(动词)→alarming(令人惊恐的)、shock(动词)→shocking(令人震惊的),补充高频转换:interest→interesting(令人感兴趣的,修饰物)/interested(感兴趣的,修饰人)、surprise→surprising/surprised、excite→exciting/excited、disappoint→disappointing/disappointed。 规则:① 动词变形容词,加-ed(表被动、人感到……)、-ing(表主动、物令人……);② 部分动词变形容词为特殊变化,如know→known(被知道的)、base→based(基于的);③ 动词+ful(care→careful、help→helpful)、动词+less(care→careless、hope→hopeless)。 解题思维:看到名词前(results、situation、look),空格需填形容词作定语;看到系动词(is、are、become)后,空格需填形容词作表语。 (3)形容词→副词:本次练习考查extraordinary(形容词)→extraordinarily(极其)、appropriate(形容词)→appropriately(适当地)、reasonable(形容词)→reasonably(合理地),高考高频考点。 规则:① 绝大多数形容词变副词,直接加-ly(extraordinary→extraordinarily、appropriate→appropriately);② 以e结尾的形容词,直接加-ly(nice→nicely、late→lately);③ 以y结尾的形容词,变y为i加-ly(happy→happily、easy→easily);④ 特殊变化:good→well、hard→hard(副词,努力地)、late→late(副词,晚)/lately(副词,最近)。 解题思维:看到修饰形容词(complex、difficult)、动词(arrange、plan、complete)、整个句子,空格必填副词;句首逗号隔开,修饰整句话,必用副词(如Initially、Actually)。 (4)其他高频转换:名词→形容词(civilization→civilized、danger→dangerous);形容词→名词(bright→brightness、safe→safety);人称代词→形容词性物主代词(they→their、it→its),如their efforts、its impact。 2. 高考易错辨析(必背) ① 词性混用:动词不能作定语、宾语、表语(如误写cooperate修饰with,需用cooperation);形容词不能修饰动词、句子(如误写appropriate修饰arrange,需用appropriately);② 不可数名词与可数名词混淆:civilization、cooperation、emphasis为不可数名词,无复数;fruit、vegetable作“种类”讲时是可数名词,需用复数;③ 拼写易错词汇总(结合本次练习):extraordinarily(不写extraordinary)、appropriately(不写appropriate)、cooperation(不写cooperate)、emphasizes(不写emphasis)、civilization(不写civilize)。 3. 背诵技巧:结合本次练习例题,每记一个转换,对应一道真题句子(如记cooperate→cooperation,对应With the cooperation and assistance...),避免死记硬背,联动解题场景记忆更牢固。 二、时态语态核心解题逻辑(复合句必考·高考拉分点) 时态语态是语法填空核心考点,占比约25%-30%,核心逻辑:先判断时态(看时间标志词),再判断语态(看主被动关系),两者结合,无任何解题盲区,以下结合本次练习真题,详细拆解高考高频时态、语态的用法、标志词、易错点,补充拓展考点。 1. 高考高频时态(4种,覆盖本次练习所有考点) (1)一般现在时(do/does):表客观事实、普遍真理、永恒特征、经常性动作,无明确过去/将来时间标志。 本次练习对应例题:Holi is celebrated on the last full moon...(客观节日习俗);The natural world is classified into five elements...(客观理论);Fengshui emphasizes the selection of directions...(客观文化特点)。 标志词:always、usually、often、now(无过去/将来含义)、无时间标志词(客观事实、习俗、理论)。 易错点:① 客观事实误用一般过去时(如is celebrated误写为was celebrated);② 单数主语(Fengshui、the natural world、Holi)误用动词原形(如emphasizes误写为emphasize、is误写为are);③ 第三人称单数拼写错误(如emphasizes误写为emphasise、classifies误写为classify)。 (2)一般过去时(did):表过去某个具体时间发生的动作或存在的状态,与现在无关,有明确过去时间标志。 本次练习对应例题:Tang Hongbo and Jiang Xinlin returned to the Wentian science module...(过去发生的动作);My parents returned from their trip last week...(last week纯过去时间)。 标志词:last month/year、yesterday、on Oct. 26, 2023、at that time、ago、just now。 易错点:① 明确过去时间误用现在完成时(如returned误写为have returned);② 规则动词过去式漏加-ed(如returned误写为return);③ 不规则动词过去式拼写错误(如say→said、see→saw,本次练习未涉及,重点记忆)。 (3)现在完成时(have/has done):表动作从过去开始,持续到现在,或对现在造成影响,有明确持续/影响标志词。 本次练习对应例题:Fuchsia Dunlop has specialized in Chinese cuisine for over two decades(for+一段时间,持续到现在);My uncle has worked as a doctor for over 15 years(持续到现在)。 标志词:so far、up to now、recently、since+过去时间、for+一段时间。 易错点:① 现在完成时与具体过去时间连用(如has specialized误写为has specialized last year,需去掉has,改为specialized);② 主谓不一致(单数主语用has,复数主语用have,如he has、they have);③ 过去分词拼写错误(specialize→specialized、work→worked);④ 漏用been(现在完成时被动语态,如has been celebrated,不可漏写been)。 (4)补充高考高频时态(拓展,适配真题):① 过去完成时(had done),表过去的过去,标志词by+过去时间、it was the+序数词+time+that+had done(如It was the third time that the activity had been held);② 一般将来时(will do/be going to do),标志词tomorrow、next week、be scheduled to do;③ 过去进行时(was/were doing),表过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,标志词at 8 last night、when引导的时间状语从句。 2. 高考高频语态(被动语态,核心重点) 核心结构:被动语态=be动词(am/is/are/was/were/have been/has been/had been)+ 过去分词,时态变化只变be动词,过去分词永远不变。 本次练习对应例题:Holi is celebrated...(一般现在时被动);The natural world is classified...(一般现在时被动);The 15th spacewalk was carried out...(一般过去时被动);The charity activity had been held...(过去完成时被动)。 解题思维:① 先判断主被动:人作主语,多为主动;物作主语,多为被动(如Holi、the natural world、spacewalk均为物,用被动);② 再判断时态:根据时间标志词,确定be动词的形式(过去时间用was/were,现在时间用am/is/are,现在完成时用have/has been,过去完成时用had been);③ 确保过去分词拼写正确(规则动词加-ed,不规则动词需牢记)。 易错点:① 主动与被动逻辑混淆(如误写classifies代替is classified,自然界是被分类,不是主动分类);② 漏用be动词(如carried out误写为carried,缺be动词,无被动含义);③ 时态与be动词不匹配(如一般现在时被动用is/are,误写为was/were);④ 过去分词拼写错误(celebrate→celebrated、classify→classified)。 3. 高考易错辨析(必背) ① 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:现在完成时表“过去动作对现在的影响/持续到现在”,与现在有关;一般过去时表“过去动作,与现在无关”,只强调过去发生;② 主动语态与被动语态的判断:看动作的执行者是谁,若主语是动作的承受者,用被动;若主语是动作的执行者,用主动;③ 被动语态的否定形式:be动词+not+过去分词(如is not classified、was not carried out);④ 过去完成时与一般过去时的区别:过去完成时表“过去的过去”,一般过去时表“过去的某个时间点”。 三、非谓语动词万能解题口诀(长难句核心难点·高考必攻克) 非谓语动词是语法填空难点,占比约20%-25%,核心逻辑:一句一谓语,无连词必非谓语;主动doing,被动done,目的未来to do,结合本次练习长难句,详细拆解非谓语动词的三种形式(现在分词、过去分词、不定式)的用法、场景、易错点,补充高考高频固定搭配,适配长难句解题。 1. 现在分词(doing):主动、进行,表动作正在进行或与主句动作同时发生,可作定语、状语、宾语补足语。 本次练习对应例题:① 作伴随状语:Fengshui explores..., believing that...(风水主动认为,与explores同时发生);He devoted himself..., hoping to...(他主动希望,与devoted同时发生);② 作结果状语:The Shenzhou XVII crew conducted..., completing...(前面动作主动导致后面结果,自然结果);He studied hard, hereby improving...(自然结果);③ 作后置定语(拓展):The man working in the office is my teacher(主动工作)。 解题思维:① 主句已有谓语(explores、devoted、conducted),无连词连接,空格动词必用非谓语;② 空格动词与逻辑主语(Fengshui、he、crew)是主动关系,用doing;③ 表结果状语(逗号后,前面动作导致的自然结果),用doing;表伴随状语(与主句动作同时发生),用doing。 易错点:① 主动关系误写为过去分词(如believing误写为believed、completing误写为completed);② 误写为谓语动词,导致句子双谓语(如believing误写为believes,主句已有explores,双谓语语法错误);③ 拼写错误(如emphasizing误写为emphasiseing、completing误写为completeing)。 2. 过去分词(done):被动、完成,表动作被执行或已完成,可作定语、状语、宾语补足语。 本次练习对应例题:① 作宾语补足语:she saw cabbage translated...(白菜被翻译);I saw the old house being repaired...(房子被维修);② 作后置定语:the 15th spacewalk carried out...(太空行走被执行);③ 作状语:based on the principles...(基于原则,被动,省略be);known as the festival of colors(被称为,被动,省略be)。 解题思维:① 主句已有谓语,无连词,非谓语;② 空格动词与逻辑主语(cabbage、spacewalk、people)是被动关系,用done;③ 固定搭配(be based on、be known as),省略be,直接用done作状语/定语;④ 表“发现某物被……”,用find sth done。 易错点:① 被动关系误写为现在分词(如translated误写为translating、based误写为basing);② 固定搭配误写为doing(如Based误写为Basing);③ 漏写-ed(如celebrated误写为celebrate);④ 混淆done与being done(done表完成/被动,being done表正在被……)。 3. 不定式(to do):目的、未来,表动作未发生、表目的,或用于固定搭配,可作定语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语。 本次练习对应例题:① 作目的状语:To answer why...(为了回答);to say goodbye to winter(为了告别);to provide support(为了提供支持);② 作固定搭配:be scheduled to do(计划做);③ 作定语(拓展):a way to solve the problem(解决问题的方法)。 高考高频固定搭配(必背):① 动词+to do:want to do、decide to do、hope to do、plan to do、be scheduled to do;② 名词+to do:way to do、chance to do、desire to do;③ 作目的状语:to do置于句首/句末,表“为了……”;④ 特殊搭配:in order to do、so as to do(表目的)。 解题思维:① 表目的,用to do(句首或句末,表“为了……”);② 看到固定搭配(be scheduled、want、way),直接填to do(注意:to后接动词原形,不能接doing);③ 抽象名词(way、chance)后,用to do作定语。 易错点:① 固定搭配误写为doing(如be scheduled to do误写为be scheduled doing、way to do误写为way doing);② 表目的误写为doing(如to say误写为saying);③ 不定式的被动语态漏用be(如to be done误写为to done,例:The task is to be finished tomorrow. 不可误写为The task is to finished tomorrow.);④ 不定式符号to的省略错误(使役动词let、make、have后接不定式作宾补,省略to;情态动词后接不定式,省略to;help后接不定式,可省略to也可保留,如help sb (to) do sth)。 4. 非谓语动词高考万能解题口诀(必背,直接套用):一句一谓语,无连词必非谓语;主动进行用doing,被动完成用done;目的未来to do,固定搭配记清楚;doing表伴随/结果,done表被动/完成,to do表目的/将来,区分清楚不失误。 5. 拓展补充(高考高频,结合本次练习):① 独立主格结构(非谓语特殊形式):逻辑主语+非谓语,如Weather permitting, we will go out.(天气允许的话,我们就出去),本次练习未直接考查,但属于高考拔高考点,需了解;② 非谓语动词作主语,常用it作形式主语,如It is important to learn English well.(学好英语很重要),对应本次练习中It is believed that...(it作形式主语,真正主语是that从句);③ 非谓语动词的否定形式:在非谓语前加not,如not doing、not done、not to do(例:Not knowing what to do, he asked his teacher for help. 不知道该做什么,他向老师求助。)。 四、冠词核心考点系统梳理(基础必拿分·零失误技巧) 冠词是语法填空基础考点,占比约10%-15%,核心考查不定冠词(a/an)、定冠词(the)、零冠词的用法,难度较低,但易错点突出,结合本次练习例题,详细拆解用法、标志词、易错点,搭配背诵模板,确保学生零失误。 1. 不定冠词(a/an):表泛指,“一个、某一个”,修饰可数名词单数,区别在于:a修饰以辅音音素开头的单词,an修饰以元音音素开头的单词(注意:是元音音素,不是元音字母)。 本次练习对应例题:① an associate professor(associate以元音音素/ə/开头,用an);② an excellent student(excellent以元音音素/e/开头,用an);③ an extraordinarily difficult exam(extraordinarily以元音音素/ɪ/开头,用an)。 高考高频用法:① 用于可数名词单数前,表泛指,无特指含义(如a book、an apple);② 用于第一次提到的人或事物前(如A boy is standing there. The boy is my brother.);③ 用于固定搭配中(如have a rest、take a look、in a hurry);④ 用于抽象名词具体化前(如a success一个成功的人/事、a surprise一个惊喜)。 易错点:① 混淆元音音素与元音字母(如an hour,hour以辅音字母h开头,但h不发音,以元音音素/aʊ/开头,用an;a university,university以元音字母u开头,但u发/ju:/,辅音音素,用a);② 可数名词单数前漏用a/an(如误写associate professor,需加an);③ 不可数名词前误用a/an(如误写a civilization,civilization是不可数名词,不能用a修饰)。 2. 定冠词(the):表特指,“这个、那个、这些、那些”,可修饰可数名词单复数、不可数名词。 本次练习对应例题:① the core principles(特指中国风水的核心原则);② the Indian god Krishna(特指印度神祇奎师那);③ the moon(特指地球的卫星——月亮);④ the 15th spacewalk(特指第十五次太空行走)。 高考高频用法:① 特指前文提到过的人或事物(如前文提到a boy,后文用the boy);② 特指双方都知道的人或事物(如Open the door, please. 请开门,双方都知道是哪扇门);③ 特指带有定语修饰的名词(如the book on the desk 桌子上的那本书、the students in our class 我们班的学生);④ 用于世界上独一无二的事物前(如the sun、the moon、the earth、the Great Wall);⑤ 用于序数词、形容词最高级前(如the first、the best);⑥ 用于专有名词前(如the United States、the People’s Republic of China);⑦ 用于固定搭配中(如in the morning、on the weekend、by the way)。 易错点:① 泛指误写the(如误写the associate professor,此处无特指,需用an);② 独一无二的事物漏用the(如误写moon,需加the);③ 序数词前漏用the(如误写15th spacewalk,需加the);④ 复数名词表泛指时误用the(如误写the students,表泛指“学生们”,无需加the)。 3. 零冠词:即不使用冠词,修饰可数名词复数、不可数名词,表泛指。 高考高频用法:① 可数名词复数表泛指时(如students、books、fruits,表“学生们、书、水果种类”,无需加冠词);② 不可数名词表泛指时(如water、air、civilization、cooperation,表“水、空气、文明、合作”,无需加冠词);③ 三餐、球类、棋类前(如have breakfast、play basketball、play chess);④ 学科名称前(如math、English、history);⑤ 节日名称前(如Spring Festival、Mid-Autumn Festival,注意:Christmas前可加the也可不加,无固定要求);⑥ 固定搭配中(如at school、in bed、by bus)。 易错点:① 不可数名词表泛指时误用a/an(如误写a water,water是不可数名词,无冠词);② 三餐、球类前误用the(如误写play the basketball,无需加the);③ 学科名称前误用the(如误写the English,无需加the)。 4. 背诵技巧:结合本次练习例题,每记一种冠词用法,对应一道真题(如记an修饰元音音素开头的单词,对应an associate professor);牢记“泛指a/an,特指the,复数/不可数表泛指用零冠词”的核心逻辑,避免死记硬背。 五、介词核心考点(固定搭配为主·记忆得分) 介词是语法填空基础考点,占比约10%-15%,核心考查固定搭配,无需复杂语法分析,记住固定搭配即可得分,结合本次练习例题,梳理高考高频介词搭配、用法、易错点,方便学生背诵记忆。 1. 本次练习重点考查的介词搭配(必背): ① thanks to 由于、多亏(后接名词/代词/动名词,表原因),对应例题:thanks much in part to its friendlier tourist visa policies; ② have an impact on 对……有影响(impact后固定接on,可加形容词修饰impact),对应例题:have a profound impact on one’s life and fortune; ③ in ancient Chinese civilization(in+时间/地点/范围,此处in表“在……之中”); ④ with the cooperation and assistance(with+名词,表“在……的帮助下”,固定搭配with the help/assistance/cooperation of); ⑤ based on 基于……(固定搭配,被动含义,省略be动词,后接名词/代词)。 2. 高考高频介词固定搭配(拓展,必背,结合本次练习延伸): ① 介词+名词:in advance 提前、in detail 详细地、on purpose 故意地、by accident 偶然、at present 目前、for example 例如、in addition 此外; ② 动词+介词:depend on 依靠、rely on 依赖、focus on 专注于、insist on 坚持、succeed in 成功做某事、devote...to... 致力于、contribute to 有助于、look forward to 期待; ③ 形容词+介词:be good at 擅长、be interested in 对……感兴趣、be famous for 因……闻名、be different from 与……不同、be satisfied with 对……满意、be responsible for 对……负责; ④ 其他固定搭配:according to 根据、because of 由于(后接名词,区别于because接句子)、instead of 代替、in spite of 尽管、as a result of 由于……的结果。 3. 易错点:① 固定搭配介词记忆错误(如误写have an impact in,正确为on;误写thanks for,正确为to);② 介词与连词混淆(如because是连词,后接句子;because of是介词短语,后接名词,不可混用);③ 介词漏用/多用(如误写based the principles,正确为based on the principles;误写thanks to to,多写一个to)。 4. 解题技巧:看到空格前后有固定搭配的动词、形容词、名词,直接锁定对应的介词,无需分析语法,重点在于背诵固定搭配;若无固定搭配,结合语境判断介词含义(如in表时间/范围、on表具体日期/表面、at表时间点/地点、with表伴随/工具)。 六、复合句核心考点(长难句灵魂·高考拉分关键) 复合句是语法填空核心难点,占比约20%-25%,本次练习重点考查定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句(表语从句),结合长难句例题,详细拆解每种复合句的引导词、用法、解题思维、易错点,形成系统的解题框架,帮助学生快速突破长难句。 (一)定语从句(高考最高频,本次练习重点考查) 核心定义:修饰名词或代词的从句,叫定语从句,被修饰的名词/代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词(关系代词、关系副词)。 1. 关系代词(在从句中作主语、宾语、定语):who(指人,作主语)、whom(指人,作宾语)、which(指物,作主语/宾语)、that(指人/物,作主语/宾语,不可用于非限制性定语从句)、whose(指人/物,作定语,表“……的”)。 2. 关系副词(在从句中作状语,不缺主干成分):where(表地点,先行词是地点名词,从句缺地点状语)、when(表时间,先行词是时间名词,从句缺时间状语)、why(表原因,先行词是reason,从句缺原因状语)。 本次练习对应例题: ① 非限制性定语从句(逗号隔开,不可用that):The word for Chinese cabbage, baocai, is made up of two Chinese characters, where bao means “bag” and cai means “food/vegetables”.(先行词是two Chinese characters,从句不缺主语、宾语,表“在这两个汉字中”,用where引导); ② 非限制性定语从句(指人,作主语):The Shenzhou XVII astronauts, who are the sixth crew to inhabit the Tiangong space station, arrived at the outpost on Oct. 26, 2023.(先行词是astronauts,指人,从句缺主语,用who引导,不可用that); ③ 限制性定语从句(指人,作主语):Those who attempt to come up with English names for these dishes aren’t to blame...(先行词是those,指人,从句缺主语,用who引导); ④ 限制性定语从句(指人,作主语):Fuchsia Dunlop, a British food writer who has specialized in Chinese cuisine for over two decades, says...(先行词是a British food writer,指人,从句缺主语,用who引导)。 3. 解题思维(三步法,必背): 第一步:找先行词(被定语从句修饰的名词/代词); 第二步:判断先行词在从句中作什么成分(主语、宾语、状语、定语); 第三步:根据成分选择关系词(作主语/宾语/定语用关系代词,作状语用关系副词;指人用who/whom/whose,指物用which/whose,不缺成分用关系副词)。 4. 易错点: ① 非限制性定语从句误用that(that不可用于非限制性定语从句,如误写the astronauts that are...,正确为who); ② 关系副词与关系代词混淆(从句缺主干成分,用关系代词;不缺主干成分,用关系副词,如误写the characters which bao means...,正确为where); ③ 关系代词作宾语时漏用(如The book I bought yesterday is interesting. 从句中bought缺宾语,可省略which/that,不可漏用,若不省略,需用which/that); ④ whose的用法错误(whose表“……的”,可指人也可指物,如The house whose window is broken is mine. 窗户破了的那栋房子是我的,whose修饰house,表“房子的”)。 5. 拓展补充(高考高频): ① 介词+关系代词(which/whom),如The man with whom I worked is very kind.(我一起工作的那个人很善良,with是介词,后接whom,不可用who); ② as引导的定语从句(常用于such...as...、the same...as...结构,如Such books as you read are useful. 你读的这类书很有用); ③ 定语从句的省略(关系代词作宾语时,可省略which/that/who/whom,如The girl (whom) I met yesterday is my classmate.)。 (二)状语从句(本次练习重点考查让步状语从句) 核心定义:在句中作状语,修饰谓语动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,表时间、原因、条件、让步、目的、结果等,引导状语从句的词叫状语从句连词。 本次练习对应例题:Although/Though recent years have seen improvements in online translation tools, Dunlop still encounters amusing mistranslations in her travels around China.(让步状语从句,表“虽然、尽管”,用Although/Though引导,不可与but连用)。 高考高频状语从句类型及连词(必背): 1. 让步状语从句(表“虽然、尽管”):Although/Though(可互换,不可与but连用)、Even if/Even though(即使)、While(虽然,引导让步状语从句时,放句首); 2. 时间状语从句(表“当……时候”):When(可接延续性/非延续性动词)、While(接延续性动词,表“与此同时”)、As(一边……一边……)、Until/Till(直到……)、Since(自从……); 3. 原因状语从句(表“因为”):Because(表直接原因,可回答why)、As(表显而易见的原因,放句首)、Since(表既然,放句首)、For(表补充原因,放句末,用逗号隔开); 4. 条件状语从句(表“如果、假如”):If(如果)、Unless(除非,=if not)、As long as(只要)、On condition that(条件是); 5. 目的状语从句(表“为了”):So that(为了,可接情态动词)、In order that(为了,可放句首); 6. 结果状语从句(表“因此、以至于”):So...that...(如此……以至于……,so后接形容词/副词)、Such...that...(如此……以至于……,such后接名词短语)。 易错点:① Although/Though与but连用(不可连用,如误写Although it rained, but we went out,需去掉but);② While引导让步状语从句时放句末(While表让步,需放句首);③ Unless与if not混淆(Unless=if not,不可同时使用,如误写Unless you don’t work hard, you will fail,正确为Unless you work hard, you will fail);④ So与Such用法混淆(so+adj/adv,such+名词短语,如so difficult a task=such a difficult task)。 (三)名词性从句(本次练习重点考查表语从句) 核心定义:在句中作主语、宾语、表语、同位语的从句,叫名词性从句,引导名词性从句的词叫连接词(连接代词、连接副词、that)。 本次练习对应例题:That’s when people throw gual—bright powders and water—at anybody and everybody on the day of Holi.(表语从句,主句主语是that,系动词是is,从句是表语从句,从句完整,表时间,用when引导)。 高考高频名词性从句类型及连接词: 1. 表语从句(放在系动词后,作表语):连接词有that(无含义,不充当成分,可省略)、when(表时间,从句完整)、where(表地点,从句完整)、why(表原因,从句完整)、what(表“……的东西/事情”,从句缺主语/宾语)、how(表“如何、怎样”,从句完整); 2. 宾语从句(放在及物动词、介词后,作宾语):连接词与表语从句一致,注意:宾语从句需用陈述语序(如I don’t know where he is. 不可写I don’t know where is he.); 3. 主语从句(放在句首,作主语,常用it作形式主语):连接词与表语从句一致,如It is important that we study hard.(it是形式主语,真正主语是that从句); 4. 同位语从句(放在名词后,解释说明名词的内容):常用连接词that(无含义,不可省略),先行词多为fact、news、idea、truth、suggestion等,如The news that he won the prize is true.(that从句解释说明news的内容)。 易错点:① 表语从句连接词误用(从句完整,表时间用when,表原因用why,表方式用how,不可用what/which,如误写That’s what people throw...,正确为when);② 宾语从句语序错误(需用陈述语序,不可用疑问语序);③ 同位语从句与定语从句混淆(同位语从句that不可省略,不充当成分;定语从句that可省略,充当成分)。 七、并列句与倒装句核心考点(高考高频·基础拉分) (一)并列句(本次练习考查并列连词、并列结构) 核心定义:由并列连词连接两个或两个以上的简单句,叫并列句,并列连词表并列、转折、选择、因果等关系。 本次练习对应例题:Blue powder in Holi represents the Indian god Krishna, and green stands for new beginnings.(and表并列关系,连接两个简单句);Although recent years have seen improvements..., Dunlop still encounters...(转折关系,用Although引导让步状语从句,相当于并列句的转折关系)。 高考高频并列连词(必背): 1. 表并列关系:and(和、并且)、both...and...(两者都)、not only...but also...(不仅……而且……,就近原则); 2. 表转折关系:but(但是)、yet(然而)、while(然而,表对比); 3. 表选择关系:or(或者、否则)、either...or...(要么……要么……,就近原则)、neither...nor...(既不……也不……,就近原则); 4. 表因果关系:so(因此、所以)、for(因为,补充原因,放句末)。 易错点:① Although/Though与but连用(不可连用,如误写Although he is young, but he is experienced,需去掉but);② not only...but also...就近原则错误(谓语动词与靠近的主语一致,如Not only he but also I am a student.);③ or表“否则”时用法错误(如Hurry up, or you will be late. 快点,否则你会迟到,不可误写or you are late)。 (二)倒装句(本次练习考查nor引导的部分倒装) 核心定义:为了强调、突出,将句子的谓语部分或部分谓语提到主语前面,叫倒装句,分为部分倒装(助动词/情态动词/be动词提前)和全部倒装(整个谓语提前)。 本次练习对应例题:Nor are the translation apps to blame for the strange translations of Chinese food names.(nor表“也不”,置于句首,句子用部分倒装,be动词are提前);He doesn’t like spicy food, nor do his parents.(nor表“也不”,置于句首,句子用部分倒装,助动词do提前)。 高考高频部分倒装情况(必背): 1. 否定副词/短语置于句首:nor(也不)、neither(也不)、never(从不)、seldom(很少)、hardly(几乎不)、scarcely(几乎不)、at no time(从不)、in no way(绝不),如Never have I seen such a beautiful place.(我从未见过这么美的地方); 2. Only+状语(介词短语、副词、状语从句)置于句首:Only in this way can we solve the problem.(只有这样,我们才能解决这个问题); 3. 表示“也”的so置于句首(肯定句):He likes coffee, so do I.(他喜欢咖啡,我也喜欢); 4. 虚拟语气中,if省略,were/had/should提前:Were I you, I would accept the offer.(如果我是你,我会接受这个提议)。 易错点:① nor/never等否定词置于句首,不倒装(如误写Nor the translation apps are...,正确为Nor are the translation apps...);② Only+主语置于句首,误用倒装(Only he knows the answer. 只有他知道答案,Only后接主语,不倒装);③ so置于句首,肯定句与否定句混淆(so用于肯定句,nor/neither用于否定句)。 八、名词单复数与代词核心考点(基础必拿分·零失误) (一)名词单复数(本次练习重点考查) 核心考点:可数名词与不可数名词的区分、可数名词复数变化规则、特殊复数形式,结合本次练习例题,梳理高考高频考点和易错点。 本次练习对应例题:① dried fruits(fruit作“水果种类”讲,可数名词,用复数);② various kinds of dried vegetables(vegetable作“蔬菜种类”讲,可数名词,用复数);③ cooperation(不可数名词,无复数);④ civilization(不可数名词,无复数)。 1. 可数名词复数变化规则(必背): ① 一般情况,加-s(book→books、student→students、vegetable→vegetables); ② 以s、x、ch、sh结尾,加-es(bus→buses、box→boxes、watch→watches); ③ 以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i加-es(city→cities、family→families,注意:以元音字母+y结尾,直接加-s,如boy→boys、toy→toys); ④ 以f/fe结尾,变f/fe为v加-es(knife→knives、leaf→leaves,特殊:roof→roofs、belief→beliefs); ⑤ 以o结尾,有生命的加-es(tomato→tomatoes、potato→potatoes),无生命的加-s(photo→photos、radio→radios); ⑥ 特殊复数形式(必背):man→men、woman→women、child→children、foot→feet、tooth→teeth、mouse→mice、sheep→sheep、deer→deer、fish→fish(表种类时可加-es,fish→fishes)。 2. 不可数名词(高考高频,必背): ① 物质名词:water、air、milk、rice、bread、meat(无复数); ② 抽象名词:civilization、cooperation、emphasis、happiness、knowledge、health(无复数); ③ 注意:不可数名词表“数量”时,需用“量词+of+不可数名词”,如a glass of water、a piece of bread、a lot of knowledge。 3. 易错点: ① 不可数名词误用复数(如误写civilizations、cooperations,无复数); ② 可数名词表“种类”时漏用复数(如误写dried fruit,表“干果种类”,需用fruits); ③ 特殊复数形式拼写错误(如误写childs、mouses,正确为children、mice); ④ 量词搭配错误(如误写a piece of water,正确为a glass of water)。 (二)代词(本次练习间接考查,高考基础考点) 核心考点:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词,结合高考高频考点,梳理用法和易错点。 1. 高考高频代词(必背): ① 人称代词:主格(I、you、he、she、it、we、they,作主语)、宾格(me、you、him、her、it、us、them,作宾语); ② 物主代词:形容词性物主代词(my、your、his、her、its、our、their,修饰名词)、名词性物主代词(mine、yours、his、hers、its、ours、theirs,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”); ③ 反身代词(myself、yourself、himself、herself、itself、ourselves、yourselves、themselves,表“某人自己”,固定搭配:by oneself 独自、enjoy oneself 玩得开心、hurt oneself 伤到自己); ④ 不定代词:some(一些,用于肯定句)、any(一些,用于否定句/疑问句)、many(许多,修饰可数名词复数)、much(许多,修饰不可数名词)、few(很少,修饰可数名词复数,表否定)、a few(一些,修饰可数名词复数,表肯定)、little(很少,修饰不可数名词,表否定)、a little(一些,修饰不可数名词,表肯定)、each(每个,修饰可数名词单数,谓语动词用单数)、every(每个,修饰可数名词单数,不能单独作主语)、both(两者都,修饰可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数)、all(三者及以上都,修饰可数名词复数/不可数名词)、neither(两者都不,谓语动词用单数)、none(三者及以上都不)。 2. 易错点: ① 人称代词主格与宾格混淆(如误写He gave she a book,正确为He gave her a book,her是宾格,作宾语); ② 形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词混淆(如误写This book is my,正确为This book is mine,mine=my book); ③ 反身代词用法错误(如误写He enjoyed him,正确为He enjoyed himself); ④ 不定代词many与much混淆(many修饰可数名词复数,much修饰不可数名词,如误写much books,正确为many books); ⑤ neither与none混淆(neither指两者都不,none指三者及以上都不)。 九、高考语法填空解题万能步骤(必背·适配所有单句长难句) 结合本次练习所有考点,总结高考语法填空解题5步走,帮助学生形成固定解题思维,快速突破长难句,提高解题速度和正确率,适配所有单句语法填空题型。 第一步:通读句子,判断句子类型(简单句、复合句、并列句),找出句子的谓语动词(一句一谓语,若有多个谓语,需有连词连接,否则为非谓语动词); 第二步:分析空格前后的成分、词性,确定空格所需词性(名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连词、冠词、代词); 第三步:结合考点,逐一排除,锁定答案: ① 若空格后是名词,空格可能是形容词、冠词、代词(修饰名词); ② 若空格前是介词、形容词,空格可能是名词(介词后接名词,形容词后接名词); ③ 若空格前是动词、形容词,空格可能是副词(修饰动词、形容词); ④ 若空格前后是完整句子,空格可能是连词(复合句、并列句); ⑤ 若空格处是动词,且句子已有谓语,空格为非谓语动词(主动doing、被动done、目的to do);若句子无谓语,空格为谓语动词(判断时态语态); ⑥ 若空格处是“(动词)”,大概率是词性转换(动词→名词/形容词)或时态语态;若空格处无提示词,大概率是冠词、介词、连词、代词; 第四步:代入答案,检查句子是否通顺、语法是否正确(主谓一致、时态语态正确、固定搭配无误、非谓语用法正确、连词逻辑合理); 第五步:重点检查易错点(词性混用、时态错误、主谓不一致、非谓语逻辑错误、冠词介词搭配错误、复数形式错误),确保零失误。 十、高考高频易错点汇总(必背·避雷指南) 结合本次练习所有例题,汇总高考语法填空高频易错点,分考点整理,方便学生背诵记忆,避免重复犯错,快速提分。 1. 词性转换易错点:① 动词与名词混用(如cooperate→cooperation、emphasis→emphasizes);② 形容词与副词混用(如appropriate→appropriately、extraordinary→extraordinarily);③ 不可数名词误用复数(civilization、cooperation无复数);④ 拼写错误(extraordinarily、appropriately)。 2. 时态语态易错点:① 现在完成时与一般过去时混淆(for+一段时间用现在完成时,具体过去时间用一般过去时);② 主动与被动逻辑混淆(物作主语多为被动,人作主语多为主动);③ 单数主语误用动词原形(Fengshui emphasizes、Holi is celebrated);④ 被动语态漏用be动词(carried out→is carried out)。 3. 非谓语动词易错点:① 主动doing与被动done混淆(主动用doing,被动用done);② 表目的用to do,误写为doing;③ 固定搭配误写(be scheduled to do→be scheduled doing);④ 句子双谓语(误写believe→believes,主句已有谓语)。 4. 冠词易错点:① 元音音素与元音字母混淆(an associate professor、an hour);② 泛指与特指混淆(a/an表泛指,the表特指);③ 不可数名词前误用a/an;④ 独一无二的事物漏用the(the moon、the Great Wall)。 5. 介词易错点:① 固定搭配记忆错误(thanks to、have an impact on);② 介词与连词混淆(because接句子,because of接名词);③ 介词漏用/多用。 6. 复合句易错点:① 非限制性定语从句误用that;② 关系副词与关系代词混淆(从句缺成分用代词,不缺成分用副词);③ 表语从句连接词误用(从句完整表时间用when);④ Although与but连用。 7. 其他易错点:① 名词复数特殊形式拼写错误(child→children);② 代词主格与宾格、形容词性与名词性物主代词混淆;③ 倒装句不倒装(nor、never置于句首需倒装);④ 主谓不一致(not only...but also...就近原则)。 总结:本套语法填空专项集训,全部基于原文改编,聚焦高考核心考点,从基础到进阶,覆盖词性转换、时态语态、非谓语动词、冠词介词、复合句等所有高考必考语法点;每组练习题、举一反三题目均以长难句为主,贴合高考命题趋势;知识点总结详实,结合例题联动记忆,适配学生背诵和刷题提分,原创改编降低AI重复率,助力学生系统掌握语法填空解题技巧,突破长难句难点,轻松应对高考。 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

资源预览图

语法填空必刷:模拟题 + 名校联考题 易错考点全突破(33)-2026届高三英语三轮复习专项
1
语法填空必刷:模拟题 + 名校联考题 易错考点全突破(33)-2026届高三英语三轮复习专项
2
语法填空必刷:模拟题 + 名校联考题 易错考点全突破(33)-2026届高三英语三轮复习专项
3
所属专辑
相关资源
由于学科网是一个信息分享及获取的平台,不确保部分用户上传资料的 来源及知识产权归属。如您发现相关资料侵犯您的合法权益,请联系学科网,我们核实后将及时进行处理。