专题05 阅读理解（议论文）（期末真题汇编，北京专用）高一英语下学期

**基本信息** 高中英语期末议论文阅读汇编，精选北京多区期末真题，主题涵盖教育、哲学、科技等，注重思维品质与文化意识培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解（选择题）|8篇文章，共28题|细节理解（28题作者观点）、推理判断（30题作者建议）、主旨大意（31题标题选择）、词义猜测（35题短语含义）|情境时代性（AI艺术、数字依赖）、文化传承（中外哲学观点）、问题层次分明（基础理解到深度分析）|

专题05 阅读理解（议论文） 参考答案 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·北京海淀·期末） 【答案】28. D 29. C 30. D 31. B Passage 2 （24-25高一下·北京朝阳·期末） 【答案】42. C 43. A 44. C Passage 3 （24-25高一下·北京石景山·期末） 【答案】32. D 33. B 34. C Passage 4 （24-25高一下·北京大兴·期末） 【答案】32. C 33. B 34. B 35. C Passage 5 （24-25高一下·北京顺义·期末） 【答案】35. C 36. B 37. B 38. C 39. A Passage 6 （24-25高一下·北京通州·期末） 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A Passage 7 （24-25高一下·北京房山·期末） 【答案】31. A 32. A 33. B 34. B Passage 8 （24-25高一下·北京第二中学·期末） 【答案】32. C 33. C 34. D 35. B 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解（议论文） Passage 1 （24-25高一下·北京海淀·期末） It all started on the day I was binge — watching a talkshow in which the host uttered these wise words: “School in Shakespeare’s day and age was vastly different from our own. In fact, it was far easier because students didn’t have to study Shakespeare.” I laughed when I heard this statement and then realized how rightful the claim is. I mean, most of us were not enthusiastic when we saw the name Shakespeare in a lesson or an assignment title, even for someone who enjoys reading, analyzing pieces of literature, and writing. It’s pretty obvious that the manner in which the current school system handles an affects most students’ understanding of it. When we are given a certain assignment based on, let’s say, a play, many of us subconsciously connect our experience and opinion of that play based on how good or bad the process of completing that assignment was, especially if that was the first time we ever watched or read it. We stop appreciating the work in front of us and start choosing to notice only the elements necessary to help us complete that assignment. The beauty, joy, or even awe of reading and watching that play no longer exists. Art is subjective. Each individual has a unique understanding of it. The features that make an artwork excellent are how well the piece succeeds in attracting us with its idea how it affects us emotionally, and what we experience during our interaction with it. To have that free interaction removed will not only hurt the piece but also how students will engage with similar works in the future. One of the fundamental solutions is to embrace the individuality that art brings — the liberty for a person to understand and interact with a piece through the lens of experiences lived, ideas absorbed, and emotions felt. Just like anyone, students are human beings. By nature, classes and courses must have structure. Hence, it would be complicated if we leave total freedom to students. Therefore, we could have a theme, topic, or style for each lesson rather than assigning the same text to all of the students. Based on the theme or topic of the lesson, the students would freely choose a piece of their liking to engage with. Doing so is not just another assignment but an extension of their interaction with an artwork. Art is a reflection of the human experience. To quote from John Keating, played by the great Robin Williams: “We read and write poetry because we are members of the human race. And the human race is filled with passion.” That is true for all forms of art. By changing the way that art is taught in schools, we can help students to see art as a valuable and enjoyable part of their lives, Ultimately, the goal of art education should be to help students develop a lifelong appreciation for art. 28. The author thinks when learning Shakespeare’s works in class, students will probably ______. A. experience joy in analyzing them B. find his works different yet easier C. realize it is quite right to study them D. wish they were in Shakespeare’s age 29. What leads to the problem with art appreciation? A. Students’ lack of creativity. B. Individuals’ varied opinions. C. The assignment-driven approach. D. The complexity of literary works. 30. According to the author, a good art class should be the one where ______. A. teachers choose a piece of their liking B. students freely pick out a theme they enjoy C. teachers encourage deep analysis of the same text D. students establish personal connection with artworks 31. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Why Students Hate Art Class B. The Lost Joy of Art Appreciation C. How to Connect Literature with Reality D. The Crisis of the Current School System 【答案】28. D 29. C 30. D 31. B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章指出学生对莎士比亚作品缺乏热情，因现行教育的作业导向让艺术欣赏失却乐趣，建议改革教学，让学生与艺术建立个人联系，培养终身欣赏力。 28. 推理判断题。根据第一段“It all started on the day I was binge-watching a talkshow in which the host uttered these wise words: “School in Shakespeare’s day and age was vastly different from our own. In fact, it was far easier because students didn’t have to study Shakespeare.” I laughed when I heard this statement and then realized how rightful the claim is. I mean, most of us were not enthusiastic when we saw the name Shakespeare in a lesson or an assignment title, even for someone who enjoys reading, analyzing pieces of literature, and writing.( 事情的起因是有一天我在疯狂地看一个脱口秀节目，节目主持人说了一句至理名言：“莎士比亚时代的学校和我们现在的学校大不相同。事实上，这要容易得多，因为学生不需要学习莎士比亚。”当我听到这句话时，我笑了，然后意识到这种说法是多么合理。我的意思是，当我们在课堂上或作业标题中看到莎士比亚的名字时，大多数人都不太感兴趣，即使是那些喜欢阅读、分析文学作品和写作的人。)”可知，作者提到脱口秀主持人说莎士比亚时代的学生不用学莎士比亚，自己觉得很有道理，还指出大多数人看到莎士比亚的名字时并不热情，即使是喜欢文学的人。这暗示学生可能希望自己处在莎士比亚时代（不用学他的作品）。故选D项。 29. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“When we are given a certain assignment based on, let’s say, a play, many of us subconsciously connect our experience and opinion of that play based on how good or bad the process of completing that assignment was, especially if that was the first time we ever watched or read it. We stop appreciating the work in front of us and start choosing to notice only the elements necessary to help us complete that assignment. The beauty, joy, or even awe of reading and watching that play no longer exists.( 比如说，当我们被分配一个基于戏剧的作业时，我们中的许多人下意识地将我们对这部戏剧的体验和看法与完成作业的过程的好坏联系起来，尤其是如果这是我们第一次看或读这部戏剧。我们不再欣赏眼前的工作，而开始选择只注意那些能帮助我们完成任务的必要元素。阅读和观看那出戏所带来的美丽、快乐，甚至敬畏都不复存在了。)”可知，当前教育体系处理艺术的方式影响学生的理解，学生因完成作业的过程（好或坏）形成对作品的看法，只关注完成作业所需元素，不再欣赏作品本身。这说明是“以作业为导向的方式”导致艺术欣赏的问题。故选C项。 30. 推理判断题。根据第四段“One of the fundamental solutions is to embrace the individuality that art brings—the liberty for a person to understand and interact with a piece through the lens of experiences lived, ideas absorbed, and emotions felt. Just like anyone, students are human beings.( 一个基本的解决方案是拥抱艺术带来的个性——一个人可以自由地通过生活经历、思想吸收和情感感受来理解和互动一件作品。和任何人一样，学生也是人。)”强调要接纳艺术带来的个性，让学生通过自身经历、想法和情感与作品互动。以及第五段中“Hence, it would be complicated if we leave total freedom to students. Therefore, we could have a theme, topic, or style for each lesson rather than assigning the same text to all of the students. Based on the theme or topic of the lesson, the students would freely choose a piece of their liking to engage with. Doing so is not just another assignment but an extension of their interaction with an artwork.( 因此，我们可以为每节课设定一个主题、话题或风格，而不是给所有学生分配相同的文本。根据课程的主题或话题，学生可以自由选择自己喜欢的部分进行参与。这样做不仅仅是另一项任务，而是他们与艺术品互动的延伸。)”建议学生根据主题自由选择喜欢的作品，强调“互动的延伸”。由此可推知，根据作者的观点，好的艺术课应让学生与艺术品建立个人联系。故选D项。 31. 主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段中“By changing the way that art is taught in schools, we can help students to see art as a valuable and enjoyable part of their lives, Ultimately, the goal of art education should be to help students develop a lifelong appreciation for art.( 通过改变学校教授艺术的方式，我们可以帮助学生将艺术视为他们生活中有价值和令人愉快的一部分。最终，艺术教育的目标应该是帮助学生培养对艺术的终身欣赏。)”可知，文章围绕当前教育体系下学生对莎士比亚等艺术作品的欣赏缺失展开，指出作业导向让学生失去欣赏艺术的乐趣，呼吁通过个性化互动重拾这种乐趣。由此可知，“失去的艺术欣赏乐趣” 能概括主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选B项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一下·北京朝阳·期末） “If you can in one day renew yourself, do so everyday”, declared Shang Dynasty founder Cheng Tang. This is a nice motto to live by, and certainly more romantic than American poet Ezra Pound’s “Make it New”, a catchphrase of the modernist movement. Most of us tend to fight change and seek stability, yet as French philosopher Henry Bergson notes, “life is endlessly continued creation.” We notice change only when it’s sudden and final, like when we change careers, or sell our forever home. But Bergson argues that change is everlasting, not just in these moments. Our past follows us at every instant and leans over the present, and the direction it takes is “new, unique, and unforeseen”. It is a comforting thought that we press upon our future at every moment in totally novel ways. But it also helps explain the quiet sadness we feel when life is going well, just like trying to hold onto sand falling through one’s fingers. Bergson didn’t like “clock time” — the mechanical ticking of seconds. He preferred “duration”, where time flows continuously, rather than a series of separated moments. We are the dancer who moves through time, making it up as she goes along. Ancient Greek philosopher Heraclitus acknowledged that the only unchanging force in life is change. Driving this process of change is the tension of opposites such as life and death, day and night, wet and dry. Struggle and disagreement are important to the creation of new things; creativity arises from the dynamic interplay of opposing forces. Similarly, the Taijim (Yin-Yang symbol) represents such interplay. Yin is connected with qualities like darkness, the moon, and the earth. Yang is connected with qualities such as light, the sun, and heaven. The combined pattern indicates that they are interdependent, out of which arises a stable balance. Like most crossroads in life — “Should I put my money in a high- risk investment or play it safe?”, or “Should I settle down or keep exploring?” — the internal struggle is full of tension. But it's this tension that brings about new ideas, new plans, new destiny. Pound’s cry to “Make it New” is happening to us whether we like it or not. We have no choice but to ride along this current of never-ending newness. As Alan Watts says, “The only way to make sense out of change is to dive into it, move with it, and join the dance.” 42. According to the passage, Henri Bergson believes ________. A. change in life comes from major events B. time is best understood as a series of fixed points C. our past shapes the present and future unpredictably D. “clock time” can explain the interplay of opposing forces 43. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Tension of opposites generates creativity. B. True existence lies in stability and control. C. “Make it new” promotes seeking a new lifestyle. D. The independence of Yin and Yang leads to balance. 44. What would be the best title for the passage? A. Striking a Balance: Flowing with the Present B. The Current of Newness: Fighting Opposing Forces C. The Dance of Change: Welcoming Daily Renewal D. Enlightening the Future: Returning to Ancient Wisdom 【答案】42. C 43. A 44. C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章探讨了变化的本质及其对人生的影响，作者认为时间并非是线性的，而是像舞蹈一样，过去影响现在和未来，变化是永恒的，而对立的张力（例如阴与阳、生与死）是创造力的源泉，最后呼应Pound“创造新事物”的理念，鼓励人们拥抱变化。 42. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Our past follows us at every instant and leans over the present, and the direction it takes is “new, unique, and unforeseen”.(我们的过去每时每刻都跟随着我们，并向现在倾斜，它所采取的方向是“新的，独特的，不可预测的”)”可知，Henri Bergson认为我们的过去以不可预测的方式塑造了现在和未来，故选C。 43. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Struggle and disagreement are important to the creation of new things; creativity arises from the dynamic interplay of opposing forces.(斗争和分歧对于创造新事物很重要；创造力来自于对立力量的动态相互作用)”可知，对立的张力产生创造力，故选A。 44. 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“If you can in one day renew yourself, do so everyday(如果你能在一天内更新自己，那么每天都这样做)”和最后一段“Pound’s cry to “Make it New” is happening to us whether we like it or not. We have no choice but to ride along this current of never-ending newness. As Alan Watts says, “The only way to make sense out of change is to dive into it, move with it, and join the dance.”(不管我们喜欢与否，Pound所呼吁的“创新”正在发生在我们身上。我们别无选择，只能顺势而行，永不停息。正如Alan Watts所说：“从变化中获得意义的唯一方法就是深入其中，与之共舞。”)”可知，文章探讨了变化的本质及其对人生的影响，作者认为时间并非是线性的，而是像舞蹈一样，过去影响现在和未来，变化是永恒的，而对立的张力（例如阴与阳、生与死）是创造力的源泉，最后呼应Pound“创造新事物”的理念，鼓励人们拥抱变化。C项“变化之舞：欢迎每日更新”最适合作为标题，呼应文章积极接纳并融入持续变化的动态过程中的主题，故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25高一下·北京石景山·期末） Why does one plus one equal two? One possible answer is “It just does!” Math can seem like a world of rules you just have to follow, which makes it seem rigid and boring. Whereas my love of math is somewhat driven by my love of breaking rules, or at least pushing against them. Both of those impulses (冲动) play an important role in advancing human understanding, and in particular mathematical understanding. Sometimes, one plus one can equal more than two. If you and your friend each have 1.5 or even 1.9 times the money needed for a cup of coffee, you might have enough to buy three. Or sometimes if one pair of tennis players gets together with another pair, there ends up being more than two pairs. If the first pair are called A and B, and the second pair are called C and D, then we have the following pairs in total: AB, AC, AD, BC, BD, CD. Other times, one plus one is just one. If you mix one color with one color, you get one color. And in some situations, one plus one is zero. If I say “I’m not not hungry,” that means “I’m hungry.” The point here is that one “not” plus one “not” is the same as zero “nots.” Now, you might think that these aren’t really situations in which one plus one equals something else, because they aren’t really addition, or because those aren’t really numbers. You’ re welcome to think that, but that’s not what math does. I often hear parents complaining how pointless this is because if they can do something one way, why do they need to know all these other ways? Imagine we were designing a jungle gym for children. We’d want to test it in every possible way to make sure it’s safe. We wouldn’t test it by just playing on it in sensible ways: We’d want to jump on it, swing from it, fall from it, and try to pull it out of the ground, rather than simply trusting that we built it well. The solidity of math comes from not wanting to trust things, but wanting to jump and swing and know that our framework will hold up. One of the reasons the framework is so strong is precisely because we question it so deeply. I hope that we will start seeing mathematics as a place to pose questions and explore answers, rather than a place where the answers are fixed and we’ re supposed to know them. 32. Which of the following situation best proves that “one plus one equals one”? A. Debate in pairs in a group. B. Share an apple with a friend. C. Use two “nots” in a complete sentence. D. Put a pile of sand on top of another pile. 33. The author uses the example “not not hungry” mainly to _______. A. explain how math helps us describe emotions B. question the idea that math rules are fixed and rigid C. compare how logic works in language and mathematics D. argue that language can be more confusing than numbers 34. What is the author’s attitude toward using different math methods? A. It confuses learners who prefer clear rules. B. It allows students to memorize rules faster. C. It builds flexibility and deeper understanding. D. It slow students down but is necessary for exams. 【答案】32. D 33. B 34. C 【导语】这是一篇议论文，作者探讨了数学并非只有固定规则，一加一在不同情境下会有不同结果，强调打破规则或挑战规则对推进数学理解的重要性，希望人们将数学视为提出问题和探索答案的领域，而非答案固定的地方。 32. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Other times, one plus one is just one. If you mix one color with one color, you get one color(其他时候，一加一等于一。如果你把一种颜色和另一种颜色混合，你会得到一种颜色)”可知，两种事物结合后变成一种事物可证明一加一等于一。D选项“Put a pile of sand on top of another pile(把一堆沙子放在另一堆沙子上面)”中，两堆沙子合在一起变成一堆沙子，符合这一情况。故选D项。 33. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Math can seem like a world of rules you just have to follow, which makes it seem rigid and boring. Whereas my love of math is somewhat driven by my love of breaking rules, or at least pushing against them(数学似乎是一个你必须遵守规则的世界，这使得它看起来僵硬又无聊。而我对数学的热爱在某种程度上是由我打破规则的热爱所驱动的，或者至少是挑战它们)”可知，我对数学的热爱在某种程度上是由我打破规则的热爱所驱动的，或者至少是挑战它们；再根据第四段“And in some situations, one plus one is zero. If I say “I’m not not hungry,” that means “I’m hungry.” The point here is that one “not” plus one “not” is the same as zero “nots.”(在某些情况下，一加一等于零。如果我说“我不是不饿”，那意思是“我饿了”。这里的关键是，一个“不”加一个“不”等同于零个“不”)”可知，在某些情况下，一加一等于零，例如“我不是不饿”的意思是“我饿了”，可推理出作者用“not not hungry”这个例子主要是为了质疑数学规则是固定不变的这一观点。故选B项。 34. 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“The solidity of math comes from not wanting to trust things, but wanting to jump and swing and know that our framework will hold up. One of the reasons the framework is so strong is precisely because we question it so deeply.(数学的可靠性来自于不愿相信事物，而是想要去跳跃、去摇摆，并且知道我们的框架能够支撑住。这个框架如此坚固的原因之一，正是因为我们对它进行了如此深刻的质疑)”可知，数学的可靠性来自于不愿相信事物，而是想要去跳跃、去摇摆，并且知道我们的框架能够支撑住；再根据最后一段“I hope that we will start seeing mathematics as a place to pose questions and explore answers, rather than a place where the answers are fixed and we’re supposed to know them(我希望我们能开始把数学看作一个提出问题和探索答案的地方，而不是一个答案固定且我们应该知道答案的地方)”可知，应该把数学看作一个提出问题和探索答案的地方，可推理出作者认为使用不同的数学方法能培养灵活性和更深层次的理解。故选C项。 Passage 4 （24-25高一下·北京大兴·期末） In an age where digital devices dominate daily interactions, the concept of “digital dependency” has emerged as a critical societal concern. While technology undeniably enhances efficiency, its pervasive influence raises questions about autonomy and human connection. A 2023 global survey revealed that 68% of adults feel anxious when separated from their smartphones, signaling a deepening psychological reliance on digital tools. In Disconnected: Reclaiming Humanity in a Tech-Obsessed World, author Maria Lin argues that constant connectivity erodes our capacity for deep relationships. She highlights studies showing that individuals who spend over five hours daily on social platforms report 40% higher loneliness levels compared to moderate users. “We mistake digital chatter for genuine conversation,” Lin writes. “This illusion of connection masks a growing emotional void.” The ramifications extend beyond personal well-being. Workplace dynamics, for instance, are reshaped by instant messaging and AI-driven productivity tools. Employees face pressure to respond immediately, blurring boundaries between work and personal life. A case study of a multinational corporation showed that 73% of staff experienced burnout linked to after-hours digital demands. Urban designer Raj Patel warns that even public spaces now prioritize WiFi access over human interaction: “Parks and cafes are designed for screens, not faces.” Escaping this cycle seems daunting. Algorithms curate newsfeeds; apps track our habits; smart devices anticipate needs. Yet Lin proposes mindful resistance: scheduling tech-free hours, engaging in offline hobbies like gardening or journaling, or simply observing surroundings without documenting them. “Reclaiming attention is the first step,” she insists. “True presence requires intentional disconnection — a radical act in an age of perpetual distraction.” 32. What is Maria Lin’s main critique of digital connectivity? A. It improves workplace efficiency. B. It builds real emotional bonds. C. It creates a false sense of connection. D. It reduces reliance on AI tools. 33. What does Raj Patel imply about modern public spaces? A. They prioritize human interaction. B. They are designed around digital needs. C. They discourage smartphone usage. D. They enhance community engagement. 34. Which method does Lin suggest to reduce digital dependency? A. Using productivity-tracking apps. B. Setting aside time without technology. C. Increasing social media engagement. D. Adopting advanced AI tools. 35. What is the best title for the text? A. The Rise of Smart Cities B. Technology: A Double-Edged Sword C. Rebuilding Human Connections in a Digital Age D. The Future of AI-Driven Workplaces 【答案】32. C 33. B 34. B 35. C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了数字依赖对社会的影响，阐述了数字连接带来的虚假连接感、对公共空间设计的影响等问题，并介绍了作者Maria Lin提出的减少数字依赖的方法。 32. 细节理解题。根据第二段““We mistake digital chatter for genuine conversation,” Lin writes. “This illusion of connection masks a growing emotional void.” (Lin写道：‘我们误将数字闲聊当作真正的对话，这种连接的假象掩盖了日益增长的情感空虚。’)”可知，Maria Lin对数字连接的主要批评是它创造了一种虚假的连接感。故选C项。 33. 推理判断题。根据第三段“Urban designer Raj Patel warns that even public spaces now prioritize WiFi access over human interaction: “Parks and cafes are designed for screens, not faces.” (城市设计师Raj Patel警告说，甚至公共空间现在也优先考虑WiFi接入而非人际互动：‘公园和咖啡馆是为屏幕设计的，而不是为面孔设计的。’)”可知，Raj Patel暗示现代公共空间的设计围绕数字需求。故选B项。 34. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Yet Lin proposes mindful resistance: scheduling tech-free hours, engaging in offline hobbies like gardening or journaling, or simply observing surroundings without documenting them. (然而，Lin提出了有意识的抵抗：安排无科技时间，参与园艺或写日记等线下爱好，或者只是观察周围环境而不记录下来)”可知，Lin建议通过安排无科技时间来减少数字依赖。故选B项。 35. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“In an age where digital devices dominate daily interactions, the concept of “digital dependency” has emerged as a critical societal concern. (在数字设备主导日常互动的时代，“数字依赖”已成为社会关注的核心议题)”并结合全文内容可知，文章开篇指出数字依赖已成为一个关键的社会问题，接着讨论了数字连接对人际关系和公共空间的影响，最后提出了重建人际连接的方法。文章核心围绕在数字时代重建人际连接展开。C项“Rebuilding Human Connections in a Digital Age(重建数字时代的人际关系)”为最佳标题。故选C项。 Passage 5 （24-25高一下·北京顺义·期末） I recently came across a post in which the author announces that he has listed the “objective” (客观的) differences between good art and bad art. I was very interested in seeing how this user could make a very subjective (主观的) topic “objective”. What I saw made me laugh. The post says that good art “improves mood,” “boosts energy” and “clears the mind.” Bad art, on the other hand, “makes you feel uncomfortable,” “tricks the mind” and “is always arguing, sad, angry and a waste of time.” However, this post misses the whole point of art completely. Art isn’t meant to make you feel comfortable. It isn’t meant to be watered down for any audience to enjoy. It isn’t meant to make heavy subjects lighter so that we can all stay calm and happy. It’s so much more than that. I’m making a guess that most of what this post refers to as “good art” is classical art pieces. But much of classical art isn’t just sunshine and rainbows. One painting from a classically-trained painter, “Ivan the Terrible and his Son Ivan” by Ilya Repin, makes me feel horrible every time I see it. The look of absolute fear on the elder Ivan’s face doesn’t necessarily lift my energy. Classical art such as this is fantastic beauty- wise, but it doesn’t necessarily make you feel better. But even uglier art — art that isn’t objectively beautiful and makes you uncomfortable — is still art. A great example is the films of David Cronenberg. He’s one of my favorite artists of all time — not because his films uplift me. If anything, my enjoyment of his films comes from the fact that they make me feel so bad. What makes Cronenberg so amazing is that he makes the uncomfortable and the strange into masterpieces. I end up liking his films, even loving them, even though they often make me feel very bad. Art, whether it takes the form of film, painting, sculpture or none of the above, is a personal expression of the artist. As all of us know, not every feeling we have is good. There is a place and a purpose for exploring both the dark and light sides of humanity. If you don’t enjoy a piece of art, that’s fine! You don’t have to enjoy it just because it is called art by others. Art is, objectively, subjective. Plenty of people will try to tell you what “good art” is. You don’t have to follow their guidelines, though. Make your own boxes Deciding what art is for yourself is the very beauty of creation. 35. What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. Be comforted. B. Be presented. C. Be weakened. D. Be decorated. 36. The artist Ilya Repin and his work are mentioned in paragraph 4 to ________. A. raise a question B. argue a point C. make a comparison D. introduce a topic 37. What can we infer about David Cronenberg’s films? A. They are not liked by many. B. They are of great artistic quality. C. They are uplifting and enjoyable. D. They are created to make people angry. 38. What can we learn from the passage? A. Good art always makes us uncomfortable. B. Good art expresses the feelings of audiences. C. Good art is not supposed to be enjoyed by all. D. Good art can be defined by experienced experts. 39. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Judging Art: The Line between Good and Bad B. Studying Art: The Features of Classic and Modern C. Enjoying Art: The Acceptance of Strange and Uncomfortable D. Creating Art: The Balance between Subjective and Objective 【答案】35. C 36. B 37. B 38. C 39. A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章针对有人列出“好艺术”与“坏艺术”的客观区别这一观点进行反驳，指出艺术是主观的，不应被他人的标准所束缚。 35. 词句猜测题。根据第三段中“It isn’t meant to be watered down for any audience to enjoy. It isn’t meant to make heavy subjects lighter so that we can all stay calm and happy. (它不是为了……以让任何观众都能欣赏。它不是为了让沉重的主题变得轻松，以便我们都能保持平静和快乐)”可知，这里说艺术不应该被“watered down”，结合后文“to make heavy subjects lighter”提到“不应该让沉重主题变轻松”可推知，“watered down”意思是“被弱化”，与C项“Be weakened.”意思想相近。故选C项。 36. 推理判断题。根据第四段“I’m making a guess that most of what this post refers to as “good art” is classical art pieces. But much of classical art isn’t just sunshine and rainbows. One painting from a classically trained painter, “Ivan the Terrible and his Son Ivan” by Ilya Repin, makes me feel horrible every time I see it. The look of absolute fear on the elder Ivan’s face doesn’t necessarily lift my energy. (我猜测这篇文章中提到的大部分‘好艺术’是古典艺术作品。但很多古典艺术并不只是美好和欢乐。一位受过古典训练的画家伊利亚·列宾的画作《伊凡雷帝杀子》，每次我看到它都让我感觉很糟糕。老伊凡脸上绝对恐惧的表情并不一定会让我充满活力)”可知，作者提到伊利亚·列宾及其作品是为了反驳前文认为“好艺术能改善心情、提升精力”这一观点，即论证一个观点。故选B项。 37. 推理判断题。根据第六段中“He’s one of my favorite artists of all time — not because his films uplift me. If anything, my enjoyment of his films comes from the fact that they make me feel so bad. What makes Cronenberg so amazing is that he makes the uncomfortable and the strange into masterpieces.(他一直是我最喜欢的艺术家之一——并不是因为他的电影鼓舞了我。如果说有什么不同的话，那就是我喜欢他的电影是因为它们让我感觉很糟糕。柯南伯格的惊人之处在于，他把不舒服和奇怪的东西变成了杰作。)”可知，大卫·克隆伯格能把不舒服和奇怪的元素变成杰作，由此可推断他的电影具有很高的艺术品质。故选B项。 38. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Art isn’t meant to make you feel comfortable. It isn’t meant to be watered down for any audience to enjoy. (艺术不是为了让你感觉舒服。它不是为了被淡化以让任何观众都能欣赏)”可知，好的艺术并非要让所有人都喜欢和欣赏。故选C项。 39. 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“I recently came across a post in which the author announces that he has listed the “objective” (客观的) differences between good art and bad art. (我最近看到一篇文章，作者宣称他列出了‘好艺术’和‘坏艺术’的‘客观’区别)”以及最后一段“Plenty of people will try to tell you what “good art” is. You don’t have to follow their guidelines, though. Make your own boxes Deciding what art is for yourself is the very beauty of creation. (很多人会试图告诉你什么是‘好艺术’。不过，你不必遵循他们的标准。自己定义艺术，这正是创作的美妙之处)”可知，文章围绕如何判断好艺术和坏艺术展开讨论，指出艺术是主观的，不应该被他人定义的好坏标准所限制。A项“Judging Art: The Line between Good and Bad(评判艺术：好与坏的界限)”能概括文章内容，最适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 Passage 6 （24-25高一下·北京通州·期末） Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.” Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence. We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims (受害者). Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person. Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life. Although the continuing popular appeal (吸引力) of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives (视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction. 12. What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence? A. It helps to exercise a person's mind. B. It can be measured by an IQ test. C. It refers to a person's positive qualities. D. It includes a set of emotional skills. 13. What is the author's attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence? A. Unbearable. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. D. Supportive. 14. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence? A. Expectations for future studies. B. Scientists with new perspectives. C. Its appeal to the public. D. Its practical application. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章围绕情商普及现状、常见误解及未来研究方向展开论述，表达了作者对情商相关问题的观点。 12. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.” (现在很多人把情商误解为一个人身上几乎所有无法通过智商测试来衡量的特质，比如性格、动力、自信、精神稳定、乐观和“人际交往能力”。)”可知，人们普遍将情商误解为一个人身上那些无法用智商测试衡量的积极品质（如性格、动力、自信等）。故选C。 13. 推理判断题。 根据第三段“Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. (尽管关于情商的流行观点远远超出了研究所能合理支持的范围，但宣传的总体效果利大于弊。这种普及最积极的方面是雇主、教育工作者和其他对促进社会福祉感兴趣的人对情感的新的和急需的重视。)”可见作者对情商的普及持支持态度。故选D。 14. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives (视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction. (我们希望，在未来的几十年里，科学的进步将为研究人们如何管理自己的生活提供新的视角。情商既关注头脑也关注心灵，它可以为我们指明正确的方向。)”可知最后一段表达了作者对情商未来相关科学研究的期待，故选A。 Passage 7 （24-25高一下·北京房山·期末） “Woman reading book, under a night sky, dreamy atmosphere.” I type into Deep Dream Generator’s Text 2 Dream feature. In less than a minute, an image is returned to me showing what I’ve described. Welcome to the world of AI image generation (生成), where you can create what on the surface looks like top-rank artwork using just a few text prompts. But closer examination shows strangeness. The face of the woman in my image has very strange features, and appears to be holding various books. And, while I did feel excited at seeing an image appear, I didn’t have any creative satisfaction. AI image generation could impact everything from film to graphic novels and more. Children’s illustrators were quick to raise concerns about the technology. They say AI-generated art is the exact opposite of what art is believed to be. Basically, art is translating what you feel inside into something that exists outside. Whatever form it takes, true art is about the creative process much more than it’s about the final piece. And simply pressing a button to generate an image is not a creative process. Beyond creativity, there are deeper issues. To create images from prompts, AI generators rely on databases of already existing art and text. This could lead to the creation of images that purposely copy the style of other artists, without their agreement. There is an argument that AI generators work no differently to humans when it comes to being influenced by others’ work. However, a human artist is adding emotion and details into the mix. AI doesn’t do the same — it can only copy. The increasing use of AI will also lead to devaluation of the work of artists. People may think that their AI-generated “work” is as acceptable as that created by someone who has spent a career making art. It’s wrong, of course. The skills, effort, and vision of human artists shouldn’t be ignored. You can use your mobile phone to take a nice picture of your daughters, but it cannot compare with the work of professional photographers. 31. The author mentioned Deep Dream Generator to ______. A. introduce the topic of AI image generation B. share the author’s personal experience C. promote the latest AI image generator D. describe the author’s dream device 32. What can we learn from the passage? A. AI image generation lacks the true creative process of human art. B. AI image generators are unable to fulfill the complex prompts. C. Children’s illustrators are eager to adopt AI image generation. D. Human emotional input can be added in AI image generation. 33. What does the word “devaluation” underlined in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Improvement in quality. B. Decrease in worth. C. Drop in creativity. D. Change in style. 34. What is the author’s attitude towards AI image generation? A. Satisfied. B. Worried. C. Optimistic. D. Puzzled. 【答案】31. A 32. A 33. B 34. B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了AI图像生成技术的兴起、AI技术对人类艺术创造力的影响、潜在的问题以及对艺术家作品价值的冲击，作者对此表示了担忧。 31. 推理判断题。根据第一段““Woman reading book, under a night sky, dreamy atmosphere.” I type into Deep Dream Generator’s Text 2 Dream feature. In less than a minute, an image is returned to me showing what I’ve described. (“夜空下，女人读书，梦幻的氛围。”我在Deep Dream Generator的Text 2 Dream功能中输入。不到一分钟，系统就返回给我一张显示我所描述内容的图片)”以及第二段“Welcome to the world of AI image generation (生成), where you can create what on the surface looks like top-rank artwork using just a few text prompts.(欢迎来到AI图像生成的世界，在这里，你只需几个文本提示就能创作出表面上看似一流的艺术作品)”可知，作者提到自己用Deep Dream Generator创作图片是为了引出下文将要讨论的AI图像生成这一主题。故选A项。 32. 细节理解题。根据第三段“Basically, art is translating what you feel inside into something that exists outside. Whatever form it takes, true art is about the creative process much more than it’s about the final piece. And simply pressing a button to generate an image is not a creative process.(从本质上讲，艺术是将你内心的感受转化为外在存在的东西。无论它采取什么形式，真正的艺术更多的是关于创作过程，而不是最终的作品。而简单地按下一个按钮来生成图像并不是一个创作过程)”可知，AI图像生成缺乏人类艺术真正的创作过程。故选A项。 33. 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“People may think that their AI-generated “work” is as acceptable as that created by someone who has spent a career making art.(人们可能认为他们AI生成的“作品”和那些花了一辈子时间创作艺术的人的作品一样可以被接受)”可知，人们可能会认为AI生成的作品和人类艺术家的作品一样有价值，结合常识可推知，既然AI生成的作品和人类艺术家的作品一样有价值，那么AI的广泛使用就会导致艺术家作品的价值降低，故“devaluation”意为“价值的降低”，与B项“Decrease in worth.”意思一致。故选B项。 34. 推理判断题。根据第三段“And simply pressing a button to generate an image is not a creative process.(而简单地按下一个按钮来生成图像并不是一个创作过程)”、第四段“Beyond creativity, there are deeper issues.(除了创造力之外，还有更深层次的问题)”以及最后一段“The increasing use of AI will also lead to devaluation of the work of artists.(AI的日益使用也将导致艺术家作品的贬值)”可推知，作者对AI图像生成持担忧态度。故选B项。 Passage 8 （24-25高一下·北京第二中学·期末） “If I only had a little humility, I’d be perfect,” the media giant Ted Turner supposedly said sometime in the1990s. Why be modest? Aristotle said: “All men by nature desire to know.” Intellectual humility is a particular instance of humility, since you can be down-to-earth about most things but still ignore your mental limitations. Intellectual humility means recognising that we don’t know everything. Actually, it means we should acknowledge that we’re probably biased in our belief about just how much we understand and seek out the sources of wisdom that we lack. The Internet and digital media have created the impression of limitless knowledge at our fingertips. But, by making us lazy, they have opened up a space that ignorance can fill. The psychologist Tania Lombrozo of the University of California explained how technology enhances our illusions (错觉) of wisdom. She argues that the way we access information is critical to our understanding—and the more easily we can recall an image, word or statement, the more likely we’ll think we’ve successfully learned it, and so withdraw from effortful cognitive processing. Logical puzzles presented in an unfriendly font (字体), for example, can encourage someone to make extra effort to solve them. Yet this approach runs counter to the nice designs of the apps and sites that populate our screens, where our brain processes information in a “smooth” way. What about all the information that presents online? Well, your capacity to learn from it depends on your attitudes. Intellectually humble people don’t hide or ignore their weaknesses. In fact, they see them as sources of personal development, and use arguments as an opportunity to refine their views. People who are humble by nature tend to be more open-minded and quicker to resolve disputes, since they recognise that their own opinions might not be valid. At the other end of the scale lies intellectual arrogance. Such arrogance almost always originates from the egocentric bias—the tendency to overestimate their own virtue or importance, ignoring the role of chance or the influence of other people’s actions on their lives. This is what makes these people credit success to themselves and failure to circumstance. From an evolutionary perspective, intellectual arrogance can also be seen as a way of achieving dominance through forcing one’s view on others. Intellectually arrogant people hardly invest mental resources in discussion or working towards group consensus, thus making it hard for groups to work successfully. The Thrive Center for Human Development in California, which seeks to help young people turn into successful adults, is funding a series of major studies about intellectual humility. Their hypothesis is that humility, curiosity and openness are key to a fulfilling life. “Without humility, you are unable to learn,” Laszlo Bock, Google’s Head of People Operations, notes. 32. The passage is mainly about ___________. A. the harm arrogance does to us B. the key elements to a fulfilling life C. the significance of intellectual humility D. the way people access information online 33. Technology enhances our illusions of wisdom because it ___________. A. enables people to think critically B. offers too much unreliable information C. allows easy access to abundant information D. makes it hard for people to recall information 34. According to Para.4, intellectually humble people ___________. A. prefer to solve difficult problems B. are unwilling to show their strengths C. value others’ opinions more than their own D. use online information to better themselves 35. The author will probably agree that ___________. A. intellectual arrogance is the result of evolution B. intellectually arrogant people often lack team spirits C. successful people are often unaware of their limitations D. circumstances don’t favor intellectually arrogant people 【答案】32. C 33. C 34. D 35. B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了理智谦逊的重要性。理智谦逊的人不会隐藏或忽视自己的弱点，他们把这视为个人发展的源泉，并把争论当作完善自己观点的机会。 32. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Intellectual humility is a particular instance of humility, since you can be down-to-earth about most things but still ignore your mental limitations.(理智上的谦逊是谦逊的一个特殊例子，因为你可以在大多数事情上脚踏实地，但仍然忽略你的精神局限。)”及全文可知，文章主要讲述了理解的谦逊的重要性。故选C。 33. 细节理解题。根据第三段“The Internet and digital media have created the impression of limitless knowledge at our fingertips. (互联网和数字媒体创造了无限知识在我们指尖的印象。)”和“She argues that the way we access information is critical to our understanding—and the more easily we can recall an image, word or statement, the more likely we’ll think we’ve successfully learned it, and so withdraw from effortful cognitive processing.(她认为，我们获取信息的方式对我们的理解至关重要——我们越容易回忆起一个图像、单词或陈述，我们就越有可能认为我们已经成功地学会了它，从而退出了费力的认知过程。)”可知，技术增强了我们对智慧的幻想，因为它使我们能够容易地获得丰富的信息。故选C。 34. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Intellectually humble people don’t hide or ignore their weaknesses. In fact, they see them as sources of personal development, and use arguments as an opportunity to refine their views.(理智上谦虚的人不会隐藏或忽视自己的弱点。事实上，他们将辩论视为个人发展的源泉，并利用辩论来完善自己的观点。)”可知，他们把网上的信息视为个人发展的源泉，是完善自我的机会。故选D。 35. 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Intellectually arrogant people hardly invest mental resources in discussion or working towards group consensus, thus making it hard for groups to work successfully. (理智傲慢的人很少投入精力讨论或努力达成群体共识，从而使群体难以成功运作。)”可知，自大的智者缺乏合作精神。故选B。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题05 阅读理解（议论文） Passage 1 （24-25高一下·北京海淀·期末） It all started on the day I was binge — watching a talkshow in which the host uttered these wise words: “School in Shakespeare’s day and age was vastly different from our own. In fact, it was far easier because students didn’t have to study Shakespeare.” I laughed when I heard this statement and then realized how rightful the claim is. I mean, most of us were not enthusiastic when we saw the name Shakespeare in a lesson or an assignment title, even for someone who enjoys reading, analyzing pieces of literature, and writing. It’s pretty obvious that the manner in which the current school system handles an affects most students’ understanding of it. When we are given a certain assignment based on, let’s say, a play, many of us subconsciously connect our experience and opinion of that play based on how good or bad the process of completing that assignment was, especially if that was the first time we ever watched or read it. We stop appreciating the work in front of us and start choosing to notice only the elements necessary to help us complete that assignment. The beauty, joy, or even awe of reading and watching that play no longer exists. Art is subjective. Each individual has a unique understanding of it. The features that make an artwork excellent are how well the piece succeeds in attracting us with its idea how it affects us emotionally, and what we experience during our interaction with it. To have that free interaction removed will not only hurt the piece but also how students will engage with similar works in the future. One of the fundamental solutions is to embrace the individuality that art brings — the liberty for a person to understand and interact with a piece through the lens of experiences lived, ideas absorbed, and emotions felt. Just like anyone, students are human beings. By nature, classes and courses must have structure. Hence, it would be complicated if we leave total freedom to students. Therefore, we could have a theme, topic, or style for each lesson rather than assigning the same text to all of the students. Based on the theme or topic of the lesson, the students would freely choose a piece of their liking to engage with. Doing so is not just another assignment but an extension of their interaction with an artwork. Art is a reflection of the human experience. To quote from John Keating, played by the great Robin Williams: “We read and write poetry because we are members of the human race. And the human race is filled with passion.” That is true for all forms of art. By changing the way that art is taught in schools, we can help students to see art as a valuable and enjoyable part of their lives, Ultimately, the goal of art education should be to help students develop a lifelong appreciation for art. 28. The author thinks when learning Shakespeare’s works in class, students will probably ______. A. experience joy in analyzing them B. find his works different yet easier C. realize it is quite right to study them D. wish they were in Shakespeare’s age 29. What leads to the problem with art appreciation? A. Students’ lack of creativity. B. Individuals’ varied opinions. C. The assignment-driven approach. D. The complexity of literary works. 30. According to the author, a good art class should be the one where ______. A. teachers choose a piece of their liking B. students freely pick out a theme they enjoy C. teachers encourage deep analysis of the same text D. students establish personal connection with artworks 31. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. Why Students Hate Art Class B. The Lost Joy of Art Appreciation C. How to Connect Literature with Reality D. The Crisis of the Current School System Passage 2 （24-25高一下·北京朝阳·期末） “If you can in one day renew yourself, do so everyday”, declared Shang Dynasty founder Cheng Tang. This is a nice motto to live by, and certainly more romantic than American poet Ezra Pound’s “Make it New”, a catchphrase of the modernist movement. Most of us tend to fight change and seek stability, yet as French philosopher Henry Bergson notes, “life is endlessly continued creation.” We notice change only when it’s sudden and final, like when we change careers, or sell our forever home. But Bergson argues that change is everlasting, not just in these moments. Our past follows us at every instant and leans over the present, and the direction it takes is “new, unique, and unforeseen”. It is a comforting thought that we press upon our future at every moment in totally novel ways. But it also helps explain the quiet sadness we feel when life is going well, just like trying to hold onto sand falling through one’s fingers. Bergson didn’t like “clock time” — the mechanical ticking of seconds. He preferred “duration”, where time flows continuously, rather than a series of separated moments. We are the dancer who moves through time, making it up as she goes along. Ancient Greek philosopher Heraclitus acknowledged that the only unchanging force in life is change. Driving this process of change is the tension of opposites such as life and death, day and night, wet and dry. Struggle and disagreement are important to the creation of new things; creativity arises from the dynamic interplay of opposing forces. Similarly, the Taijim (Yin-Yang symbol) represents such interplay. Yin is connected with qualities like darkness, the moon, and the earth. Yang is connected with qualities such as light, the sun, and heaven. The combined pattern indicates that they are interdependent, out of which arises a stable balance. Like most crossroads in life — “Should I put my money in a high- risk investment or play it safe?”, or “Should I settle down or keep exploring?” — the internal struggle is full of tension. But it's this tension that brings about new ideas, new plans, new destiny. Pound’s cry to “Make it New” is happening to us whether we like it or not. We have no choice but to ride along this current of never-ending newness. As Alan Watts says, “The only way to make sense out of change is to dive into it, move with it, and join the dance.” 42. According to the passage, Henri Bergson believes ________. A. change in life comes from major events B. time is best understood as a series of fixed points C. our past shapes the present and future unpredictably D. “clock time” can explain the interplay of opposing forces 43. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Tension of opposites generates creativity. B. True existence lies in stability and control. C. “Make it new” promotes seeking a new lifestyle. D. The independence of Yin and Yang leads to balance. 44. What would be the best title for the passage? A. Striking a Balance: Flowing with the Present B. The Current of Newness: Fighting Opposing Forces C. The Dance of Change: Welcoming Daily Renewal D. Enlightening the Future: Returning to Ancient Wisdom Passage 3 （24-25高一下·北京石景山·期末） Why does one plus one equal two? One possible answer is “It just does!” Math can seem like a world of rules you just have to follow, which makes it seem rigid and boring. Whereas my love of math is somewhat driven by my love of breaking rules, or at least pushing against them. Both of those impulses (冲动) play an important role in advancing human understanding, and in particular mathematical understanding. Sometimes, one plus one can equal more than two. If you and your friend each have 1.5 or even 1.9 times the money needed for a cup of coffee, you might have enough to buy three. Or sometimes if one pair of tennis players gets together with another pair, there ends up being more than two pairs. If the first pair are called A and B, and the second pair are called C and D, then we have the following pairs in total: AB, AC, AD, BC, BD, CD. Other times, one plus one is just one. If you mix one color with one color, you get one color. And in some situations, one plus one is zero. If I say “I’m not not hungry,” that means “I’m hungry.” The point here is that one “not” plus one “not” is the same as zero “nots.” Now, you might think that these aren’t really situations in which one plus one equals something else, because they aren’t really addition, or because those aren’t really numbers. You’ re welcome to think that, but that’s not what math does. I often hear parents complaining how pointless this is because if they can do something one way, why do they need to know all these other ways? Imagine we were designing a jungle gym for children. We’d want to test it in every possible way to make sure it’s safe. We wouldn’t test it by just playing on it in sensible ways: We’d want to jump on it, swing from it, fall from it, and try to pull it out of the ground, rather than simply trusting that we built it well. The solidity of math comes from not wanting to trust things, but wanting to jump and swing and know that our framework will hold up. One of the reasons the framework is so strong is precisely because we question it so deeply. I hope that we will start seeing mathematics as a place to pose questions and explore answers, rather than a place where the answers are fixed and we’ re supposed to know them. 32. Which of the following situation best proves that “one plus one equals one”? A. Debate in pairs in a group. B. Share an apple with a friend. C. Use two “nots” in a complete sentence. D. Put a pile of sand on top of another pile. 33. The author uses the example “not not hungry” mainly to _______. A. explain how math helps us describe emotions B. question the idea that math rules are fixed and rigid C. compare how logic works in language and mathematics D. argue that language can be more confusing than numbers 34. What is the author’s attitude toward using different math methods? A. It confuses learners who prefer clear rules. B. It allows students to memorize rules faster. C. It builds flexibility and deeper understanding. D. It slow students down but is necessary for exams. Passage 4 （24-25高一下·北京大兴·期末） In an age where digital devices dominate daily interactions, the concept of “digital dependency” has emerged as a critical societal concern. While technology undeniably enhances efficiency, its pervasive influence raises questions about autonomy and human connection. A 2023 global survey revealed that 68% of adults feel anxious when separated from their smartphones, signaling a deepening psychological reliance on digital tools. In Disconnected: Reclaiming Humanity in a Tech-Obsessed World, author Maria Lin argues that constant connectivity erodes our capacity for deep relationships. She highlights studies showing that individuals who spend over five hours daily on social platforms report 40% higher loneliness levels compared to moderate users. “We mistake digital chatter for genuine conversation,” Lin writes. “This illusion of connection masks a growing emotional void.” The ramifications extend beyond personal well-being. Workplace dynamics, for instance, are reshaped by instant messaging and AI-driven productivity tools. Employees face pressure to respond immediately, blurring boundaries between work and personal life. A case study of a multinational corporation showed that 73% of staff experienced burnout linked to after-hours digital demands. Urban designer Raj Patel warns that even public spaces now prioritize WiFi access over human interaction: “Parks and cafes are designed for screens, not faces.” Escaping this cycle seems daunting. Algorithms curate newsfeeds; apps track our habits; smart devices anticipate needs. Yet Lin proposes mindful resistance: scheduling tech-free hours, engaging in offline hobbies like gardening or journaling, or simply observing surroundings without documenting them. “Reclaiming attention is the first step,” she insists. “True presence requires intentional disconnection — a radical act in an age of perpetual distraction.” 32. What is Maria Lin’s main critique of digital connectivity? A. It improves workplace efficiency. B. It builds real emotional bonds. C. It creates a false sense of connection. D. It reduces reliance on AI tools. 33. What does Raj Patel imply about modern public spaces? A. They prioritize human interaction. B. They are designed around digital needs. C. They discourage smartphone usage. D. They enhance community engagement. 34. Which method does Lin suggest to reduce digital dependency? A. Using productivity-tracking apps. B. Setting aside time without technology. C. Increasing social media engagement. D. Adopting advanced AI tools. 35. What is the best title for the text? A. The Rise of Smart Cities B. Technology: A Double-Edged Sword C. Rebuilding Human Connections in a Digital Age D. The Future of AI-Driven Workplaces Passage 5 （24-25高一下·北京顺义·期末） I recently came across a post in which the author announces that he has listed the “objective” (客观的) differences between good art and bad art. I was very interested in seeing how this user could make a very subjective (主观的) topic “objective”. What I saw made me laugh. The post says that good art “improves mood,” “boosts energy” and “clears the mind.” Bad art, on the other hand, “makes you feel uncomfortable,” “tricks the mind” and “is always arguing, sad, angry and a waste of time.” However, this post misses the whole point of art completely. Art isn’t meant to make you feel comfortable. It isn’t meant to be watered down for any audience to enjoy. It isn’t meant to make heavy subjects lighter so that we can all stay calm and happy. It’s so much more than that. I’m making a guess that most of what this post refers to as “good art” is classical art pieces. But much of classical art isn’t just sunshine and rainbows. One painting from a classically-trained painter, “Ivan the Terrible and his Son Ivan” by Ilya Repin, makes me feel horrible every time I see it. The look of absolute fear on the elder Ivan’s face doesn’t necessarily lift my energy. Classical art such as this is fantastic beauty- wise, but it doesn’t necessarily make you feel better. But even uglier art — art that isn’t objectively beautiful and makes you uncomfortable — is still art. A great example is the films of David Cronenberg. He’s one of my favorite artists of all time — not because his films uplift me. If anything, my enjoyment of his films comes from the fact that they make me feel so bad. What makes Cronenberg so amazing is that he makes the uncomfortable and the strange into masterpieces. I end up liking his films, even loving them, even though they often make me feel very bad. Art, whether it takes the form of film, painting, sculpture or none of the above, is a personal expression of the artist. As all of us know, not every feeling we have is good. There is a place and a purpose for exploring both the dark and light sides of humanity. If you don’t enjoy a piece of art, that’s fine! You don’t have to enjoy it just because it is called art by others. Art is, objectively, subjective. Plenty of people will try to tell you what “good art” is. You don’t have to follow their guidelines, though. Make your own boxes Deciding what art is for yourself is the very beauty of creation. 35. What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. Be comforted. B. Be presented. C. Be weakened. D. Be decorated. 36. The artist Ilya Repin and his work are mentioned in paragraph 4 to ________. A. raise a question B. argue a point C. make a comparison D. introduce a topic 37. What can we infer about David Cronenberg’s films? A. They are not liked by many. B. They are of great artistic quality. C. They are uplifting and enjoyable. D. They are created to make people angry. 38. What can we learn from the passage? A. Good art always makes us uncomfortable. B. Good art expresses the feelings of audiences. C. Good art is not supposed to be enjoyed by all. D. Good art can be defined by experienced experts. 39. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Judging Art: The Line between Good and Bad B. Studying Art: The Features of Classic and Modern C. Enjoying Art: The Acceptance of Strange and Uncomfortable D. Creating Art: The Balance between Subjective and Objective Passage 6 （24-25高一下·北京通州·期末） Popularization has in some cases changed the original meaning of emotional intelligence. Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person's makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.” Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to some of these qualities, but most of them move far beyond skill-based emotional intelligence. We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims (受害者). Being emotionally intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person. Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence run far ahead of what research can reasonably support, the overall effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful. The most positive aspect of this popularization is a new and much needed emphasis (重视) on emotion by employers, educators and others interested in promoting social well-being. The popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the public and researchers re-evaluate the functionality of emotions and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life. Although the continuing popular appeal (吸引力) of emotional intelligence is desirable, we hope that such attention will excite a greater interest in the scientific and scholarly study of emotion. It is our hope that in coming decades, advances in science will offer new perspectives (视角) from which to study how people manage their lives. Emotional intelligence, with its focus on both head and heart, may serve to point us in the right direction. 12. What is a common misunderstanding of emotional intelligence? A. It helps to exercise a person's mind. B. It can be measured by an IQ test. C. It refers to a person's positive qualities. D. It includes a set of emotional skills. 13. What is the author's attitude to the popularization of emotional intelligence? A. Unbearable. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. D. Supportive. 14. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning emotional intelligence? A. Expectations for future studies. B. Scientists with new perspectives. C. Its appeal to the public. D. Its practical application. Passage 7 （24-25高一下·北京房山·期末） “Woman reading book, under a night sky, dreamy atmosphere.” I type into Deep Dream Generator’s Text 2 Dream feature. In less than a minute, an image is returned to me showing what I’ve described. Welcome to the world of AI image generation (生成), where you can create what on the surface looks like top-rank artwork using just a few text prompts. But closer examination shows strangeness. The face of the woman in my image has very strange features, and appears to be holding various books. And, while I did feel excited at seeing an image appear, I didn’t have any creative satisfaction. AI image generation could impact everything from film to graphic novels and more. Children’s illustrators were quick to raise concerns about the technology. They say AI-generated art is the exact opposite of what art is believed to be. Basically, art is translating what you feel inside into something that exists outside. Whatever form it takes, true art is about the creative process much more than it’s about the final piece. And simply pressing a button to generate an image is not a creative process. Beyond creativity, there are deeper issues. To create images from prompts, AI generators rely on databases of already existing art and text. This could lead to the creation of images that purposely copy the style of other artists, without their agreement. There is an argument that AI generators work no differently to humans when it comes to being influenced by others’ work. However, a human artist is adding emotion and details into the mix. AI doesn’t do the same — it can only copy. The increasing use of AI will also lead to devaluation of the work of artists. People may think that their AI-generated “work” is as acceptable as that created by someone who has spent a career making art. It’s wrong, of course. The skills, effort, and vision of human artists shouldn’t be ignored. You can use your mobile phone to take a nice picture of your daughters, but it cannot compare with the work of professional photographers. 31. The author mentioned Deep Dream Generator to ______. A. introduce the topic of AI image generation B. share the author’s personal experience C. promote the latest AI image generator D. describe the author’s dream device 32. What can we learn from the passage? A. AI image generation lacks the true creative process of human art. B. AI image generators are unable to fulfill the complex prompts. C. Children’s illustrators are eager to adopt AI image generation. D. Human emotional input can be added in AI image generation. 33. What does the word “devaluation” underlined in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Improvement in quality. B. Decrease in worth. C. Drop in creativity. D. Change in style. 34. What is the author’s attitude towards AI image generation? A. Satisfied. B. Worried. C. Optimistic. D. Puzzled. Passage 8 （24-25高一下·北京第二中学·期末） “If I only had a little humility, I’d be perfect,” the media giant Ted Turner supposedly said sometime in the1990s. Why be modest? Aristotle said: “All men by nature desire to know.” Intellectual humility is a particular instance of humility, since you can be down-to-earth about most things but still ignore your mental limitations. Intellectual humility means recognising that we don’t know everything. Actually, it means we should acknowledge that we’re probably biased in our belief about just how much we understand and seek out the sources of wisdom that we lack. The Internet and digital media have created the impression of limitless knowledge at our fingertips. But, by making us lazy, they have opened up a space that ignorance can fill. The psychologist Tania Lombrozo of the University of California explained how technology enhances our illusions (错觉) of wisdom. She argues that the way we access information is critical to our understanding—and the more easily we can recall an image, word or statement, the more likely we’ll think we’ve successfully learned it, and so withdraw from effortful cognitive processing. Logical puzzles presented in an unfriendly font (字体), for example, can encourage someone to make extra effort to solve them. Yet this approach runs counter to the nice designs of the apps and sites that populate our screens, where our brain processes information in a “smooth” way. What about all the information that presents online? Well, your capacity to learn from it depends on your attitudes. Intellectually humble people don’t hide or ignore their weaknesses. In fact, they see them as sources of personal development, and use arguments as an opportunity to refine their views. People who are humble by nature tend to be more open-minded and quicker to resolve disputes, since they recognise that their own opinions might not be valid. At the other end of the scale lies intellectual arrogance. Such arrogance almost always originates from the egocentric bias—the tendency to overestimate their own virtue or importance, ignoring the role of chance or the influence of other people’s actions on their lives. This is what makes these people credit success to themselves and failure to circumstance. From an evolutionary perspective, intellectual arrogance can also be seen as a way of achieving dominance through forcing one’s view on others. Intellectually arrogant people hardly invest mental resources in discussion or working towards group consensus, thus making it hard for groups to work successfully. The Thrive Center for Human Development in California, which seeks to help young people turn into successful adults, is funding a series of major studies about intellectual humility. Their hypothesis is that humility, curiosity and openness are key to a fulfilling life. “Without humility, you are unable to learn,” Laszlo Bock, Google’s Head of People Operations, notes. 32. The passage is mainly about ___________. A. the harm arrogance does to us B. the key elements to a fulfilling life C. the significance of intellectual humility D. the way people access information online 33. Technology enhances our illusions of wisdom because it ___________. A. enables people to think critically B. offers too much unreliable information C. allows easy access to abundant information D. makes it hard for people to recall information 34. According to Para.4, intellectually humble people ___________. A. prefer to solve difficult problems B. are unwilling to show their strengths C. value others’ opinions more than their own D. use online information to better themselves 35. The author will probably agree that ___________. A. intellectual arrogance is the result of evolution B. intellectually arrogant people often lack team spirits C. successful people are often unaware of their limitations D. circumstances don’t favor intellectually arrogant people 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $