专题10 阅读与表达（期末真题汇编，北京专用）高一英语下学期

**基本信息** 汇集北京多区及重点中学高一下期末阅读真题，聚焦个人成长、科技环保、社会现象等现实主题，融合细节理解与开放表达，适配高中英语核心素养培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |细节理解|每篇2-3题|信息定位、语言解码|如“作者属于什么团体”，考查文本信息提取| |推理判断|每篇1题|逻辑分析、深层理解|如“微学习为何适合现代学习者”，需整合文本要点| |正误判断|每篇1题|批判性思维|如辨析“导演认为合唱团部分之和即整体”，检测信息比对能力| |开放表达|每篇1题|语言输出、生活关联|如“你的经历如何让你成为更好的人”，链接个人体验|

专题10 阅读与表达 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·北京东城·期末） Two choir rehearsals (排练) this week, two next, and a concert on Sunday; our new director reminds us to practise at home; I belong to a community choir with a range of talent. Until I was in my mid-40s, my singing was limited to the shower and the car. But then I moved to Scotland, to live in a New Age community where some people sang daily Monday to Friday for 20 minutes before breakfast. I was attracted by the beautiful songs. They opened my heart enough to allow me to listen and not react to people. I also took weekly singing lessons and began to enjoy singing. The reward for singing is great. My habit, from childhood on, has been holding back my emotions. But singing bursts through old habits and uplifts my heart, especially when I’m part of creating it. I left Scotland unwillingly when my visa expired (过期) and returned to Canada. My music teacher said,‌ “Find a choir there and sing. Do not stop.” In Vancouver, I joined the community choir. We practise weekly and sing in two concerts a year. The directors admit that perfection is an illusion (幻想) but push us as far as they possibly can. As they often say, in a choir the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. And I feel the ‌“ whole” can be been so moved by the beauty of the blended (混合的) voices that tears streamed silently down my cheeks — not from sadness, but from witnessing how imperfect voices could create perfect harmony. The choir is my family now. It is what moves me to try to accept everyone as they are without judgment, to develop patience, charity and love, and to live in active hope regarding world problems and the environment. When I think of all that, the hard work I put in to reach an average level in my singing feels like an investment in becoming a better person. 44. What group does the author belong to? _________________________________________________________________________________ 45. How does singing benefit the author? _________________________________________________________________________________ 46. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The directors encourage the choir to practise hard and they think the sum of a choir’s parts is the whole of it. _________________________________________________________________________________ 47. What is one of your experiences that has made you a better person? (In about 40 words) _________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】44 A community choir. 45. Singing bursts through old habits, uplifts her heart and helps her accept others, develop good qualities and have active hope for the world and environment. 46. The directors encourage the choir to practise hard and they think the sum of a choir’s parts is the whole of it. Because the directors think in a choir the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. 47. I once joined a volunteer activity to help the elderly. It taught me to care for others and be more responsible, making me a better person. 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者加入社区合唱团的经历，阐述了唱歌对自己的益处，还提到合唱团让自己成为更好的人。 44. 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“I belong to a community choir with a range of talent. (我属于一个人才济济的社区合唱团)”可知，作者属于社区合唱团。故答案为：A community choir. 45. 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“But singing bursts through old habits and uplifts my heart, especially when I’m part of creating it. (但唱歌能冲破旧习惯，振奋我的心灵，尤其是当我参与其中时)”以及最后一段中“It is what moves me to try to accept everyone as they are without judgment, to develop patience, charity and love, and to live in active hope regarding world problems and the environment. (它促使我试着不加评判地接受每个人，培养耐心、仁爱和爱心，并对世界问题和环境抱有积极的希望)”可知，唱歌能冲破作者压抑情感的旧习惯，振奋心灵，还能让作者学会接纳他人、培养良好品质以及对世界和环境抱有积极希望。故答案为：Singing bursts through old habits, uplifts her heart and helps her accept others, develop good qualities and have active hope for the world and environment. 46. 考查推理判断。根据第四段中“As they often say, in a choir the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. (正如他们常说的，在一个合唱团里，整体大于部分之和)”可知，合唱团导演认为整体大于部分之和，而不是部分之和等于整体。所以“they think the sum of a choir’s parts is the whole of it”表述错误。故答案为：The directors encourage the choir to practise hard and they think the sum of a choir’s parts is the whole of it. Because the directors think in a choir the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. 47. 考查开放性问题。比如参加志愿者活动，在帮助他人的过程中，学会了关爱他人，变得更有责任感，这让自己成为了更好的人。故答案为：I once joined a volunteer activity to help the elderly. It taught me to care for others and be more responsible, making me a better person. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·北京西城·期末） Cave exploration is an exciting activity where people go to explore an unknown cave. When it comes to exploring caves, “spelunking” and “caving” are always used. In 1940, an American caver named Clay Perry wrote about a group of cave explorers who called themselves spelunkers. It was the first time that the word had been heard in cave exploration circles. The word spelunker comes from the Latin word spelunca, which means cavern, cave, or den in English. Also, the word spelunca itself comes from the Greek word Spelynk which simply means cave. On the other hand, the word caving comes from the Latin word cavea or cavern. This word means to cave. Caving and spelunking are actually the same, but very different in some ways. The difference between these two terms began to surface in the 1960s when real cave explorers referred to spelunkers as inexperienced and ill-equipped. Spelunkers are cave tourists, wanting to appreciate a cave’s natural features and beauty. Basically, spelunking is like a hobby. On the other hand, caving has a totally different purpose. Cavers explore a cave to study all of the things that are happening inside it. Some cavers are professionals who study cave phenomenon (现象). You can also tell the difference between caving and spelunking by experience level. Caving requires individuals to be knowledgeable and experienced, since their purpose is often to work and do research in caves. But for spelunkers, it’s not necessary to be experienced to explore a cave, especially if the objective is to enjoy the view as a tourist. Cave exploration is sure to bring excitement and fun. Give it a try when you have a chance. 53. What is cave exploration? (不多于14个单词) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. When did the word “spelunker” first appear in cave exploration circles? (不多于2个单词) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 55. Why do spelunkers explore caves? (不多于11个单词) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 56. What quality should you have if you want to be a caver? Explain why. (单词数不限) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】53. Cave exploration is an exciting activity where people go to explore an unknown cave. 54. In 1940. 55. Spelunkers explore caves to appreciate a cave’s natural features and beauty 56. You should be knowledgeable and experienced because caving requires individuals to work and do research in caves. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了洞穴探险及相关术语的区别。 53. 考查细节理解。由文章第一段中“Cave exploration is an exciting activity where people go to explore an unknown cave. (洞穴探险是一项令人兴奋的活动，人们去探索未知的洞穴。)”可知，洞穴探险是人们去探索未知洞穴的一项令人兴奋的活动。故答案为Cave exploration is an exciting activity where people go to explore an unknown cave. 54. 考查细节理解。由文章第二段中“In 1940, an American caver named Clay Perry wrote about a group of cave explorers who called themselves spelunkers. It was the first time that the word had been heard in cave exploration circles. (1940年，一位名叫克莱·佩里的美国洞穴探险家写了一群自称洞穴探险家的人。这是洞穴探险界第一次听到这个词。)”可知，spelunker这个词在1940年首次出现在洞穴探险圈中。故答案为In 1940. 55. 考查细节理解。由文章第四段中“Spelunkers are cave tourists, wanting to appreciate a cave’s natural features and beauty. (洞穴探险者是洞穴游客，想要欣赏洞穴的自然特征和美丽。)”可知，洞穴探险者探索洞穴是为了欣赏洞穴的自然特征和美丽。故答案为Spelunkers explore caves to appreciate a cave’s natural features and beauty. 56. 考查细节理解。由文章倒数第二段中“Caving requires individuals to be knowledgeable and experienced, since their purpose is often to work and do research in caves. (洞穴探险要求个人具备丰富的知识和经验，因为他们的目的通常是在洞穴中工作和进行研究。)”可知，如果你想成为一名洞穴探险家，你应该具备的一个品质是知识渊博和经验丰富，因为洞穴探险的目的通常是在洞穴中工作和进行研究。故答案为You should be knowledgeable and experienced because caving requires individuals to work and do research in caves. Passage 3 （24-25高一下·北京海淀·期末） As we move further into the digital age, the human attention span is decreasing rapidly. Now the average attention span lasts just eight seconds. We’re struggling to focus on single tasks for long periods of time. We have a tendency to get distra… oh, look at that dog! We need an approach that makes information easier to consume and absorb. Enter microlearning. As the name implies, microlearning is a way of gaining knowledge that breaks information into bite-sized pieces, typically five to ten minutes long. Actually, microlearning has been around for as long as human beings have been learning. However, the use of the term “microlearning” and is rise in popularity is a relatively new thing with the increased spread of the Internet and the popularization of e-learning. Microlearning is perfect for today’s learners because they’re always on the go. Furthermore, they always have access to a device for learning. This means they can learn on their commute, lunch break and more. The neuroscience behind microlearning partly explains why it works so well. It uses the cognitive skills learning system in our brain, the main system for learning skills and helping with short-term memory. The use of spaced repetition also plays a part. Research suggests we learn better when content is spaced out, rather than delivered in one go. It helps to fight against the Forgetting Curve, which suggests we forget 90% of the information we learn within a week. After all, each repetition provides a new opportunity to practice active recall and to build upon a foundation that we’ve already established. Think of those flashcards you made for an exam. You created small pieces of content and looked at them over and over again until they were ingrained in your memory! With its bite-sized knowledge, microlearning allows you to learn at your own pace, offering more flexibility. Content can be tailored to meet your specific needs, preferences, and learning styles, thus allowing for personalized learning experiences. Also, it reduces stress, and increases productivity. When you have a lot of things to do, you may feel stressed. In turn, your brain releases a hormone called cortisol, which can negatively impact your memory. By breaking content down into short and easy units, it makes learning feel less challenging. Nice! Microlearning may be small but it sure is mighty. It’s easy to find, quick to complete and super effective. What’s not to love? 32. Why is microlearning a perfect choice for today’s learners? __________________________________________________________________ 33. How does spaced repetition help fight against the Forgetting Curve? __________________________________________________________________ 34. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➢ Microlearning makes learning feel less challenging by helping our brain release cortisol __________________________________________________________________ 35. How can you apply microlearning in your daily study? (In about 40 words) __________________________________________________________________ 【答案】32. Because they’re always on the go. Furthermore, they always have access to a device for learning. 33. Each repetition provides a new opportunity to practice active recall and to build upon a foundation that we’ve already established. 34. Microlearning makes learning feel less challenging by helping our brain release cortisol. Microlearning makes learning feel less challenging by breaking content down into short and easy units. 35. 参考1：I can apply microlearning in my daily study in many ways. I review class notes between classes. I memorize one vocabulary list before bed and review it on the bus ride to school the next morning. By studying little but often, I achieve more with less stress. 参考2：I can integrate microlearning into my busy schedule. I squeeze in short study sessions between classes, like referring to notebooks for quick reviews. On my commute to and from school, I watch brief educational videos to grasp key concepts. This approach boosts my learning efficiency. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了数字时代人类注意力缩短，微学习将知识碎片化，适合忙碌学习者，符合神经科学原理，能灵活个性化学习，减少压力，高效实用。 32. 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Microlearning is perfect for today’s learners because they’re always on the go. Furthermore, they always have access to a device for learning. This means they can learn on their commute, lunch break and more.( 微学习非常适合今天的学习者，因为他们总是在忙碌中。此外，他们总是可以使用学习设备。这意味着他们可以在上下班、午休等时间学习。)”可知，微学习是当今学习者的完美选择是因为他们总是忙个不停。此外，他们总是可以使用学习设备。故答案是：Because they’re always on the go. Furthermore, they always have access to a device for learning. 33. 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“It helps to fight against the Forgetting Curve, which suggests we forget 90% of the information we learn within a week. After all, each repetition provides a new opportunity to practice active recall and to build upon a foundation that we’ve already established.( 它有助于对抗遗忘曲线，即我们会在一周内忘记90%所学的信息。毕竟，每次重复都提供了一个练习主动回忆的新机会，并在我们已经建立的基础上进行构建。)”可知，间隔重复帮助对抗遗忘曲线是通过每次重复都提供了一个新的机会来练习主动回忆，并在我们已经建立的基础上建立新的记忆。故答案是：Each repetition provides a new opportunity to practice active recall and to build upon a foundation that we’ve already established. 34. 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中“By breaking content down into short and easy units, it makes learning feel less challenging.( 通过将内容分解成短而简单的单元，它使学习感觉不那么具有挑战性。)”可知，微学习通过将内容分解为短而简单的单元，使学习感觉不那么具有挑战性。由此可知，“Microlearning makes learning feel less challenging by helping our brain release cortisol.”这句话中错误的部分是“Microlearning makes learning feel less challenging by helping our brain release cortisol.”。故答案是：Microlearning makes learning feel less challenging by helping our brain release cortisol.；Microlearning makes learning feel less challenging by breaking content down into short and easy units. 35. 考查主观评价。根据文章大意以及题干中的问题“如何将微学习应用到日常学习中？”结合自身情况可知，答一：我可以在很多方面将微学习应用到我的日常学习中。我在课间复习课堂笔记。我在睡觉前背了一张词汇表，第二天早上在坐公交车上学的路上复习。通过少学而勤学，我用更少的压力获得了更多。答二：我可以把微学习融入到我繁忙的日程中。我在课间挤出了一些短暂的学习时间，比如查阅笔记本快速复习。在上学和放学的路上，我看一些简短的教育视频来掌握关键概念。这种方法提高了我的学习效率。故答案是：参考1：I can apply microlearning in my daily study in many ways. I review class notes between classes. I memorize one vocabulary list before bed and review it on the bus ride to school the next morning. By studying little but often, I achieve more with less stress.参考2：I can integrate microlearning into my busy schedule. I squeeze in short study sessions between classes, like referring to notebooks for quick reviews. On my commute to and from school, I watch brief educational videos to grasp key concepts. This approach boosts my learning efficiency. Passage 4 （24-25高一下·北京朝阳·期末） We all have secrets, whether we want them or not. What makes up a secret is quite personal — some people hold certain information close to their hearts that others are very open about. Sometimes whether something is a secret to us or not is determined by our cultural and environmental experiences, and our relationships. Simply, a secret is something that you don’t want other people to know. Imagine a common situation where your friend approach and whisper to you, “Can you keep a secret?” Naturally, you respond with a “yes”. There’s something about telling secrets that feels close, as it connects you to another person through shared knowledge. However, secrets are tricky things. Whether they’re our own or they’ve been shared with us by someone else, they can start to get heavy over time and could become an unwanted weight on our minds. One study, The Benefits and Burdens of Keeping Others’ secrets, says, “The closer one is to the secret-sharer, the more one’s mind wanders toward the secret, predicting increased feelings of closeness, but also burden. The more a secret has connection with one's own social network, the more one keeps the secret on the other’s behalf, predicting increased feelings of burden.” Given that, before you start sharing secrets, whether yours or someone else’s, take a moment to think about the potential consequences. Are you handing over a burden to someone else, who might not want it? How will you feel about someone else knowing one of your deepest secrets? What will happen if you share a friend’s secret with someone else, and how will they react? Sometimes all you need is to take a moment and think before you speak; your inner voice will drive you in deciding whether to tell others your secrets or keep them locked inside. 50. What determines whether something is a secret to us? ________________________________________________________________________________ 51. Why can sharing secrets make people feel close? ________________________________________________________________________________ 52. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➢The closer you are with someone who has a secret, the more your thoughts wander toward the secret, which may increase the sense of closeness without adding to the burden. ________________________________________________________________________________ 53. Do you think keeping secrets for others is a burden or a joy? Give your reasons. (In about 40 words) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】50. It is determined by a mix of personal, cultural, environmental and relational factors. 51. Because it connects people through shared knowledge. 52. The closer you are with someone who has a secret, the more your thoughts wander toward the secret, which may increase the sense of closeness without adding to the burden. The closer you are with someone who has a secret, the more your thoughts wander toward the secret, predicting increased feelings of closeness, but also burden. 53. 1) Keeping secrets for others is a joy for me. When close friends confide in me about personal challenges, keeping their secrets can show my support and respect for them. It also gives me the opportunity to offer help and understanding, which in turn deepens our friendships. 2) It's a burden for me. The pressure of withholding information can weigh heavily on my mind and it often requires constant attention to avoid accidental slips, which cause much stress and anxiety. Besides, if secrets are difficult to manage, they may damage my relationships with my friends. 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了分享秘密的好处以及后果，并建议在分享秘密之前想想潜在的后果。 50. 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Sometimes whether something is a secret to us or not is determined by our cultural and environmental experiences, and our relationships.(有时候，某件事对我们来说是不是秘密，是由我们的文化和环境经历以及我们的关系决定的)”可知，一件事是否是秘密是由个人、文化、环境和相关因素共同决定的，故答案是It is determined by a mix of personal, cultural, environmental and relational factors. 51. 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“There’s something about telling secrets that feels close, as it connects you to another person through shared knowledge.(讲秘密会让人感觉很亲密，因为它通过分享知识把你和另一个人联系在一起)”可知，分享秘密让人感觉亲近是因为它通过共同知道某事将人们联系在一起，故答案是Because it connects people through shared knowledge. 52. 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“The closer one is to the secret-sharer, the more one’s mind wanders toward the secret, predicting increased feelings of closeness, but also burden.(一个人与秘密分享者越亲近，他的思想就越倾向于秘密，这预示着亲密感的增加，但也预示着负担的增加)”可知，题干中“不会增加负担”表述错误，故答案是The closer you are with someone who has a secret, the more your thoughts wander toward the secret, which may increase the sense of closeness without adding to the burden. The closer you are with someone who has a secret, the more your thoughts wander toward the secret, predicting increased feelings of closeness, but also burden. 53. 考查开放题型。本题是开放题型，观点合理即可，例如1)为别人保守秘密对我来说是一种乐趣。当亲密的朋友向我倾诉个人的挑战时，保守他们的秘密可以表明我对他们的支持和尊重。它也给了我提供帮助和理解的机会，这反过来加深了我们的友谊；2)这对我来说是个负担。隐瞒信息的压力会给我的头脑带来沉重的负担，而且经常需要持续的注意，以避免意外的口误，这会造成很大的压力和焦虑。此外，如果秘密很难管理，它们可能会损害我和朋友的关系，故答案为1) Keeping secrets for others is a joy for me. When close friends confide in me about personal challenges, keeping their secrets can show my support and respect for them. It also gives me the opportunity to offer help and understanding, which in turn deepens our friendships. 2) It’s a burden for me. The pressure of withholding information can weigh heavily on my mind and it often requires constant attention to avoid accidental slips, which cause much stress and anxiety. Besides, if secrets are difficult to manage, they may damage my relationships with my friends. Passage 5 （24-25高一下·北京丰台·期末） When I was a youngster, my mother would say, “Go outside and play.” And I would, with all the other kids in the neighborhood. We learned a lot about nature and ourselves playing outside. For one thing, we quickly learned to recognize poison ivy. A few years ago I was fortunate to be asked to join the advisory committee of Children and Nature Network (C&NN). This is a growing organization created by author Richard Louv. His book, Last Child in the Woods, became a best-seller as people realized we have a generation of children so connected to electronics that they are losing their connection to nature. As Louv writes, “We are fast approaching a generation of children where no child will have played outdoors.” Nature is more than plants and animals we observe each day. Nature is a shared spirit of being with all things. Through nature we learn that everything is cyclical, that life begins and life passes, and that every life is in balance with all other life forms, and each one helps the other fulfill its essential purpose. My neighbors embody the actions and nature philosophy that Louv suggests in his book. They plant, they play, and they teach their children that nature has her purpose. They live out the philosophy that we are part of nature, and when we abuse (滥用) her, we abuse ourselves. Spending time outdoors both in loneliness and at play is an important education for children. The outdoors encourages an inner connection to nature, and if you stay there for a little while in silence, you will see all the natural connections. You will connect to the chlorophyll (叶绿素) of plants, the flight of insects and birds, the awareness of mammals (哺乳动物), and especially the knowing of the earth herself. In Shakespeare’s As You Like It, the Duke in the Forest of Arden says: “... there are tongues in trees, books in running brooks, sermons (诉说) in stones, and good in everything.” 27 How did the author learn about nature and herself when she was young? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 28. What problem does Richard Louv point out in his book? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 29. How do you understand the underlined sentence “when we abuse her, we abuse ourselves” in Paragraph 4? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 30. What benefits can we get from spending time outdoors? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 31. What can you learn from the Duke’s words in Shakespeare’s book? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】27. By playing outside with other kids in the neighborhood. 28. A generation of children is so connected to electronics that they are losing their connection to nature. 29. We are part of nature, so abusing nature means harming ourselves. 30. It encourages an inner connection to nature and helps us see all the natural connections. 31. Everything in nature has its value and meaning. 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述作者幼时户外玩耍学自然，提及儿童与自然脱节问题，强调亲近自然的好处及自然万物皆有价值。 27. 细节理解题。根据第一段“And I would, with all the other kids in the neighborhood. We learned a lot about nature and ourselves playing outside.(我会和邻居家的其他孩子一起去。我们在户外玩耍时，学到了很多关于大自然和我们自己的东西。)”可知，作者小时候通过和邻居家的其他孩子在户外玩耍了解自然和自己。故填By playing outside with other kids in the neighborhood. 28. 细节理解题。根据第二段“His book, Last Child in the Woods, became a best-seller as people realized we have a generation of children so connected to electronics that they are losing their connection to nature.(他的书《Last Child in the Woods》成了畅销书，因为人们意识到，我们这一代的孩子与电子产品的联系如此紧密，以至于他们正在失去与自然的联系。)”可知，Richard Louv在他的书中指出一代孩子与电子产品联系过于紧密，正在失去与自然的联系。故填A generation of children is so connected to electronics that they are losing their connection to nature. 29. 词句猜测题。根据第四段“They live out the philosophy that we are part of nature, and when we abuse (滥用) her, we abuse ourselves.(他们践行着这样一种哲学：我们是自然的一部分，当我们滥用自然时，我们就是在滥用自己。)” 可知，因为我们是自然的一部分，所以当我们滥用自然时，就是在伤害自己。故填We are part of nature, so abusing nature means harming ourselves. 30. 细节理解题。根据第五段“The outdoors encourages an inner connection to nature, and if you stay there for a little while in silence, you will see all the natural connections.(户外鼓励与自然的内在联系，如果你在那里安静地待一会儿，你会看到所有自然的联系。)”可知，花时间在户外能鼓励我们与自然建立内在联系，让我们看到所有自然的联系。故填It encourages an inner connection to nature and helps us see all the natural connections. 31. 推理判断题。根据最后一段引语“... there are tongues in trees, books in running brooks, sermons (诉说) in stones, and good in everything.(……树木有言语，溪流有书籍，石头有诉说，万物皆有善。)”可知，公爵的话表明自然界的一切都有其价值和意义。故填Everything in nature has its value and meaning. Passage 6 （24-25高一下·北京石景山·期末） Emma, a 14-year-old student, loved animals and spent much of her free time volunteering at a local-animal shelter. One day, she noticed that many shelter animals lacked proper beds and had to sleep on hard, cold floors. She felt that they deserved better. Determined to help, Emma started collecting old blankets and soft fabrics (布料) from her neighborhood. She asked friends and family to donate materials, and soon she had enough to make beds for the shelter animals. With the help of her mother, she learned basic sewing skills and turned the donated fabrics into small, comfortable beds. The first time she brought the handmade beds to the shelter, the staff and animals were delighted. Seeing the animals sleep peacefully on the soft beds made Emma realize that small efforts could make a big difference. Encouraged by her success, Emma decided to expand her project. She created a social media page to share her idea and encourage others to help. Soon, more people joined her cause. Some donated fabrics, while others helped sew the beds. Even a local store agreed to support her by providing free materials. Today, Emma’s project has spread to other shelters in different cities. She hopes to inspire more young people to take action and help animals in need. 40. How did Emma spend much of her free time? _________________________________________________________________________ 41. What did Emma learn with the help of her mother? _________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Emma created a social media page to ask people online to donate money for more materials. _________________________________________________________________________ 43. Among Emma’s qualities, which one(s) do you think will be important for us? Why? (In about 40 words) _________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40 She spent much of her free time volunteering at a local animal shelter. 41. With the help of her mother, she learned basic sewing skills. 42. Emma created a social media page to ask people online to donate money for more materials. 或者Emma created a social media page to ask people online to donate money for more materials. 理由：The purpose was to share her idea and encourage others to help. （类似答案都可以接受）。 43. One Possible version: Emma’ s kindness and determination are important qualities. She saw a problem, took action, and inspired others. Her story teaches us that small efforts can make a big difference if we are willing to help those in need. 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了14岁的艾玛通过收集布料为动物收容所的动物制作舒适小床，并将项目推广，鼓励更多人帮助动物的故事。 40. 考查细节理解。根据第一段“Emma, a 14-year-old student, loved animals and spent much of her free time volunteering at a local animal shelter. (14岁的学生艾玛喜爱动物，她的大部分空闲时间都在当地的动物收容所做志愿者)”可知，艾玛的大部分空闲时间都在当地的动物收容所做志愿者。故答案为She spent much of her free time volunteering at a local animal shelter. 41. 考查细节理解。根据第二段“With the help of her mother, she learned basic sewing skills and turned the donated fabrics into small, comfortable beds. (在妈妈的帮助下，她学会了基本的缝纫技巧，把捐赠的布料变成了小巧舒适的床)”可知，在妈妈的帮助下，艾玛学会了基本的缝纫技巧。故答案为With the help of her mother, she learned basic sewing skills. 42. 考查推理判断。根据第四段“She created a social media page to share her idea and encourage others to help. Soon, more people joined her cause. Some donated fabrics, while others helped sew the beds. (她创建了一个社交媒体页面来分享自己的想法，并鼓励其他人提供帮助。很快，更多的人加入了她的事业。一些人捐赠布料，另一些人帮忙缝制床。”)可知，艾玛创建社交媒体页面是为了分享想法、鼓励他人帮忙，而非要求网上的人捐钱买更多材料。故Emma created a social media page to ask people online to donate money for more materials. 中“to ask people online to donate money for more materials”错误，应改为“to share her idea and encourage others to help”。故答案为Emma created a social media page to ask people online to donate money for more materials. 或者Emma created a social media page to ask people online to donate money for more materials. 理由：The purpose was to share her idea and encourage others to help. 43. 考查开放性试题。结合艾玛乐于助人、有决心并能带动他人的品质，可阐述其重要性。故答案为Emma’s kindness and determination are important qualities. She saw a problem, took action, and inspired others. Her story teaches us that small efforts can make a big difference if we are willing to help those in need.（开放性试题，答案合理即可）。 Passage 7 （24-25高一下·北京大兴·期末） The Impact of Plastic Pollution on Marine Life Plastic pollution has become one of the most pressing environmental issues of our time. Over 8 million tons of plastic waste enter the oceans each year, threatening marine ecosystems. Marine animals, such as turtles, seabirds, and whales, often mistake plastic debris for food. For example, sea turtles confuse floating plastic bags with jellyfish, which can block their digestive systems and lead to starvation. Similarly, seabirds feed plastic fragments to their chicks, causing long-term health issues. Microplastics — tiny plastic particles from the breakdown of larger items — have spread even to the deepest parts of the ocean. These particles are swallowed by small marine organisms, such as plankton, and eventually reaching humans through seafood. Efforts to deal with this crisis are growing worldwide. Many countries have introduced bans on single-use plastics like straws and bags. Innovations in biodegradable materials, such as plant-based packaging, offer eco-friendly alternatives to traditional plastics. Community initiatives, including beach cleanups and educational campaigns, raise awareness about responsible waste management. However, experts stress that systemic changes are essential. Improving recycling systems, investing in technologies to collect ocean plastics, and holding companies responsible for excessive plastic production are key steps. Together, these actions can reduce the flow of plastic into our oceans and protect marine life for future generations. 41. What is the estimated amount of plastic waste entering oceans yearly? ______________________________________________________ 42. How do microplastics affect the food chain? ______________________________________________________ 43. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Although plastic pollution affects various marine animals, innovations in biodegradable materials have solved the plastic waste problem. ______________________________________________________ 44. What measures do you think individuals could take to further reduce plastic pollution? (Provide at least two suggestions.) (About 40 words) ______________________________________________________ 【答案】41. Over 8 million tons of plastic waste enter the oceans each year. 42. Microplastics are swallowed by small marine organisms, such as plankton, and eventually reaching humans through seafood. 43. 划线部分：Although plastic pollution affects various marine animals, innovations in biodegradable materials have solved the plastic waste problem. 原因：Innovations in biodegradable materials such as plant-based packaging, offer eco-friendly alternatives to traditional plastics. 44. Individuals can contribute by adopting simple habits: carrying reusable bottles, avoiding products with unnecessary plastic packaging, and supporting policies that promote sustainability. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕塑料污染这一环境难题展开，阐述其对海洋生物的危害，如海洋动物误食塑料致病、微塑料经食物链影响人类等，还提及全球应对举措与关键解决方向，凸显守护海洋生态的重要性。 41. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Over 8 million tons of plastic waste enter the oceans each year, threatening marine ecosystems. (每年有超过800万吨的塑料垃圾进入海洋，威胁着海洋生态系统)”可知，每年进入海洋的塑料垃圾估计超过800万吨。故答案为：Over 8 million tons of plastic waste enter the oceans each year. 42. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Microplastics — tiny plastic particles from the breakdown of larger items — have spread even to the deepest parts of the ocean. These particles are swallowed by small marine organisms, such as plankton, and eventually reaching humans through seafood. (微塑料——由较大物品分解而成的微小塑料颗粒——甚至已经扩散到海洋最深处。这些颗粒被浮游生物等小型海洋生物吞食，最终通过海鲜进入人体)”可知，微塑料被浮游生物等小型海洋生物吞下，最终通过海产品到达人类体内，从而影响食物链。故答案为：Microplastics are swallowed by small marine organisms, such as plankton, and eventually reaching humans through seafood. 43. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Innovations in biodegradable materials, such as plant-based packaging, offer eco-friendly alternatives to traditional plastics. Community initiatives, including beach cleanups and educational campaigns, raise awareness about responsible waste management. However, experts stress that systemic changes are essential. (生物可降解材料的创新，如植物基包装，为传统塑料提供了环保替代品。社区倡议，包括海滩清理和教育活动，提高了对负责任的废物管理的认识。然而，专家强调系统性变革至关重要)”可知，生物可降解材料创新只是提供了替代方案，并没有解决塑料垃圾问题。“Although plastic pollution affects various marine animals, innovations in biodegradable materials have solved the plastic waste problem.(尽管塑料污染影响着各种海洋动物，但生物可降解材料的创新解决了塑料垃圾问题。)”这一表述中have solved the plastic waste problem这部分错误；故答案为：Although plastic pollution affects various marine animals, innovations in biodegradable materials have solved the plastic waste problem.。Innovations in biodegradable materials, such as plant-based packaging, offer eco-friendly alternatives to traditional plastics. 44. 开放性试题。要言之有理，注意词数限制。如，根据第二段“Innovations in biodegradable materials, such as plant-based packaging, offer eco-friendly alternatives to traditional plastics. Community initiatives, including beach cleanups and educational campaigns, raise awareness about responsible waste management. (生物可降解材料（如植物基包装）方面的创新，为传统塑料提供了环保型替代物。包括海滩清理和教育活动在内的社区倡议，提高了人们对负责任的废物管理的认识)”等可知，从文中应对塑料污染的举措，如减少使用一次性塑料、做好垃圾分类等方面思考个人可采取的行动，比如根据文中提到的减少一次性塑料使用、参与社区环保行动等内容书写，个人可以通过自带环保袋购物、减少使用一次性塑料制品、参与海滩清理等方式减少塑料污染。故答案可以为：Individuals can contribute by adopting simple habits: carrying reusable bottles, avoiding products with unnecessary plastic packaging, and supporting policies that promote sustainability. Passage 8 （24-25高一下·北京顺义·期末） Social media apps are quick and easy to use, but it’s important to question the cost of this convenience. Privacy is too often lost in the search for convenience, but there are several ways to protect yourself when using social media. Make passwords long and strong As the Gateway to your account, a password should be long and strong to keep your personal information safe. Be sure to use different passwords for each account to prevent criminals (犯罪分子) from accessing all the accounts at the same time. You should also change your password often. Keep your personal information off the Internet When posting online, try not to include too much personal information, such as addresses, phone numbers, and photos with clear faces. With less personal information online, there’s less to worry about protecting. You could also block social media companies from collecting your personal information when possible, because this data is often sold to other companies for advertising. Read and understand what you’ve agreed to It is important to take time to regularly read and understand privacy policies and user agreements to know what information is stored by apps and websites (网站). You are advised to clear cookies (本地数据) and searches from your search engine every few months to prevent your personal information from getting stolen. Get out of the spotlight Another suggestion is to change your account settings from public to private. This will keep accounts from being targeted by scams (诈骗). You can protect your privacy on social media by limiting the information you put online, using stronger passwords, and choosing more private security settings. With these efforts, your account will be much safer in the online world. 40. What should a password be like to keep your personal information safe? (不多于3个单词) ________________________________________________________________________________ 41. When posting online, what kinds of personal information should users not include? (不多于8个单词) ________________________________________________________________________________ 42. How often is it advised to clear cookies and searches from a search engine? (不多于3个单词) ________________________________________________________________________________ 43. Why should we change account settings from public to private? (不多于10个单词) ________________________________________________________________________________ 44. What is the passage mainly about? (不多于10个单词) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. Long and strong. 41. Addresses, phone numbers, and photos with clear faces. 42. Every few months. 43. Because it will keep accounts from being targeted by scams. /To keep accounts from being targeted by scams. 44. Ways to protect yourself when using social media. /Tips for protecting your privacy on social media. /How to keep your accounts safer when using social media. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何在社交媒体上保护个人隐私。 40. 考查细节理解。由文章Make passwords long and strong部分中“As the Gateway to your account, a password should be long and strong to keep your personal information safe. (作为账户的门户，密码应该既长又强，以保护您的个人信息的安全。)”可知，为了保护个人信息的安全，密码应该既长又强。故答案为：Long and strong. 41. 考查细节理解。由文章Keep your personal information off the Internet部分中“When posting online, try not to include too much personal information, such as addresses, phone numbers, and photos with clear faces. (在网上发布信息时，尽量不要包含太多个人信息，如地址、电话号码和面部清晰的照片。)”可知，在网上发布信息时，用户不应包含地址、电话号码和面部清晰的照片等个人信息。故答案为：Addresses, phone numbers, and photos with clear faces. 42. 考查细节理解。由文章Read and understand what you’ve agreed to部分中“You are advised to clear cookies and searches from your search engine every few months to prevent your personal information from getting stolen. (建议您每隔几个月从搜索引擎中清除本地数据和搜索记录，以防止您的个人信息被盗。)”可知，建议您每隔几个月从搜索引擎中清除本地数据和搜索记录。故答案为：Every few months. 43. 考查细节理解。由文章Get out of the spotlight部分中“Another suggestion is to change your account settings from public to private. This will keep accounts from being targeted by scams. (另一个建议是将您的账户设置从公开更改为私人。这将防止账户成为诈骗的目标。)”可知，将账户设置从公开更改为私人是为了防止账户成为诈骗的目标。故答案为：Because it will keep accounts from being targeted by scams. /To keep accounts from being targeted by scams. 44. 考查主旨大意。通读全文，尤其是由文章最后一段中“You can protect your privacy on social media by limiting the information you put online, using stronger passwords, and choosing more private security settings. (您可以通过限制在线发布的信息、使用更强的密码和选择更私密的安全设置来保护社交媒体上的隐私。)”可知，本文主要介绍了如何在社交媒体上保护个人隐私。故答案为：How to protect your privacy on social media. Passage 9 （24-25高一下·北京延庆·期末） Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people. It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety. The mental health benefits from music can’t be argued. Music could also be helping you with many other health problems behind the scenes. Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud. However, for the same reason, music can be very beneficial if one is in pain. By distracting (分心) the mind from the pain, music, people say. can lower stress and anxiety levels. This, of course, can lead to less pain. Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed. They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep. While the validity of the idea is still being assessed, the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure. Similarly, according to researchers, listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels, through the lowering of stress and anxiety. When it comes to heart health, there is speculation (推测) that it’s not the style of music, but rather the tempo (节奏) that makes it so good for your heart health. In one European study, participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure. Interestingly, the more cheerful the music was, the faster their heart rates were. On the other hand, when the music slowed, the participants’ stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit. The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive. But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for, which is what makes music so valuable. 22. How can music help reduce pain according to some people? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 23. What are the possible effects of listening to relaxing music before bed? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 24. In the European study, what was the relationship between music tempo and participants’ heart rates? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 25. In your daily life, what benefits can music bring you? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】22. Because music can distract the mind from the pain, lower stress and anxiety levels, which can lead to less pain. 23. It can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep. 24. In the European study, the relationship between music tempo and participants' heart rates was that the more cheerful (faster tempo) the music was, the faster their heart rates were. Conversely, when the music slowed down, participants' stress and anxiety levels decreased, and this seemed to be reflected in their heart rates as well. 25. In my daily life, music brings many benefits. It relieves stress by calming my mind with soft melodies after study. It also helps me focus on tasks through instrumental tunes, and lifts my mood with upbeat songs when I’m tired. What’s more, it also creates a relaxing atmosphere for better sleep at night. making each day more balanced and enjoyable. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了音乐对人们健康的多方面益处，包括缓解疼痛、帮助睡眠、影响心脏健康等，同时提及音乐在其他健康问题上也可能有积极作用。 22. 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“However, for the same reason, music can be very beneficial if one is in pain. By distracting (分心) the mind from the pain, music, people say, can lower stress and anxiety levels. This, of course, can lead to less pain(然而，出于同样的原因，当一个人处于痛苦中时，音乐可能是非常有益的。人们说，通过将注意力从痛苦中转移开，音乐可以降低压力和焦虑水平。当然，这可以减少痛苦)”可知，音乐通过转移人们对疼痛的注意力，降低压力和焦虑水平，从而帮助减轻疼痛，故答案为Because music can distract the mind from the pain, lower stress and anxiety levels, which can lead to less pain。 23. 考查细节理解。根据文章第三段“Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed. They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep(许多人喜欢在晚上睡前听舒缓的音乐。他们说，这在让大脑平静下来足以入睡方面能起到很大作用)”可知，睡前听舒缓的音乐有助于平静大脑，帮助入睡，故答案为It can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep。 24. 考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“In one European study, participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure. Interestingly, the more cheerful the music was, the faster their heart rates were. On the other hand, when the music slowed, the participants’ stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit(在一项欧洲研究中，参与者听音乐，研究人员监测他们的心率和血压。有趣的是，音乐越欢快，他们的心率就越快。另一方面，当音乐放慢时，参与者的压力和焦虑水平降低，对心率的影响似乎也随之降低)”可知，在欧洲的研究中，音乐节奏与参与者心率之间的关系是：音乐越欢快（节奏越快），他们的心率就越快。相反，当音乐节奏放慢时，参与者的压力和焦虑水平会降低，这似乎也反映在了他们的心率上，故答案为In the European study, the relationship between music tempo and participants’ heart rates was that the more cheerful (faster tempo) the music was, the faster their heart rates were. Conversely, when the music slowed down, participants’ stress and anxiety levels decreased, and this seemed to be reflected in their heart rates as well。 25. 考查阅读表达。根据文章第二段“However, for the same reason, music can be very beneficial if one is in pain. By distracting (分心) the mind from the pain, music, people say, can lower stress and anxiety levels. This, of course, can lead to less pain(然而，出于同样的原因，当一个人处于痛苦中时，音乐可能是非常有益的。人们说，通过将注意力从痛苦中转移开，音乐可以降低压力和焦虑水平。当然，这可以减少痛苦)”、第三段“Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed. They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep(许多人喜欢在晚上睡前听舒缓的音乐。他们说，这在让大脑平静下来足以入睡方面能起到很大作用)”以及第四段“In one European study, participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure. Interestingly, the more cheerful the music was, the faster their heart rates were. On the other hand, when the music slowed, the participants’ stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit(在一项欧洲研究中，参与者听音乐，研究人员监测他们的心率和血压。有趣的是，音乐越欢快，他们的心率就越快。另一方面，当音乐放慢时，参与者的压力和焦虑水平降低，对心率的影响似乎也随之降低)”可知，音乐有许多益处。它通过在学习后用柔和的旋律平静心灵来缓解压力。它还通过器乐旋律帮助专注于任务，当疲惫时，欢快的歌曲能提升情绪。此外，它还能在夜晚营造出放松的氛围，使睡眠更好，每一天都更加平衡和愉快，故答案为In my daily life, music brings many benefits. It relieves stress by calming my mind with soft melodies after study. It also helps me focus on tasks through instrumental tunes, and lifts my mood with upbeat songs when I’m tired. What’s more, it also creates a relaxing atmosphere for better sleep at night, making each day more balanced and enjoyable。 Passage 10 （24-25高一下·北京昌平·期末） There are countless metaphors for memory. It’s a leaky bucket, a steel trap, a paper container, and words written in sand. But have you ever thought that our memories are a lot like a Lego Tower: It’s built from the ground up, then broken down, put away in bins and rebuilt in a slightly different form each time it’s taken out. Psychologists Ciara Greene and Gillian Murphy explain this metaphor in their new book, Memory Lane. Perhaps the comparison speaks to me because I have watched my kids create amazing villages of Lego bricks, only to be taken apart, put away and reconstructed, always with a similar overall structure but with little and occasionally major changes. Memory works this way, too, Greene and Murphy think. “As we walk down Memory road, the buildings we pass — our memories of individual events — are under repeated reconstruction,” Greene and Murphy write. In easy-to-understand writing, the book covers a lot of ground, from how we form memories to how delicate (精致的) those memories really are. Readers may find it interesting to learn how bad we all are at remembering why we did something, from small choices, like buying an album, to important ones. People change their reasoning — or at least, their memories of their reasoning — on these sorts of events all the time. Modern difficult situations also come up, such as whether fake news and AI videos have particular influence our memories or even create false ones. Don’t panic, the authors write. Digital fakes can influence memories, sure. Greene and Murphy offer another comforting message again and again: Our memories can be wrong and imperfect, but these are features, not problems. These imperfections are a product of a flexible memory system that allows us to learn from the past, plan for the future and respond to unexpected events. Forgetting may make our brains more efficient by removing unnecessary details so we can focus on the important memories. It may even keep us happier by allowing time to ease the painful experiences, the authors write. “We suggest accepting it just the way it is — imperfections and all.” 40. What are memories like according to psychologists Greene and Murphy? _________________________________________________________________ 41. What affects our memories in modem times? _________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. We all can make mistakes when we remember things, and it is the problem of our memory. _________________________________________________________________ 43. What can people do to avoid influences on memories in modern times? (In about 40 words) _________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. They are like a Lego Tower: built from the ground up, broken down, put away, and rebuilt in a slightly different form each time. 41. Fake news and AI videos. 42. We all can make mistakes when we remember things, and it is the problem of our memory. The authors say that memories being wrong and imperfect are features, not problems, as they result from a flexible memory system helpful for learning, planning and coping. 43. To avoid influences, people can develop critical thinking skills, verify information from reliable sources carefully, and be cautious about digital content like fake news and AI videos. Accepting memory’s imperfections also helps reduce unnecessary worry. 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了格林和墨菲将记忆比作乐高塔，阐述其特性，提及现代虚假信息的影响，指出记忆的不完美是特点，建议人们接受它。 40. 考查细节理解。根据第一段“But have you ever thought that our memories are a lot like a Lego Tower: It’s built from the ground up, then broken down, put away in bins and rebuilt in a slightly different form each time it’s taken out. Psychologists Ciara Greene and Gillian Murphy explain this metaphor in their new book, Memory Lane. (但你可曾想过，我们的记忆就像一座乐高积木塔：它是从底部开始搭建起来的，然后被拆解、收进箱子里，每次取出时又会以略微不同的形式重新搭建起来。心理学家奇亚拉·格林和吉莉安·墨菲在他们的新书《记忆长廊》中阐释了这一比喻。)”可知，根据格林和墨菲两位心理学家的观点，记忆就像乐高积木塔：从底部开始搭建，然后拆解、收起，每次都会以略微不同的形式重新搭建起来。故答案为They are like a Lego Tower: built from the ground up, broken down, put away, and rebuilt in a slightly different form each time. 41. 考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“Modern difficult situations also come up, such as whether fake news and AI videos have particular influence our memories or even create false ones. (现代也出现了一些棘手的问题，比如假新闻和人工智能视频是否对我们的记忆有特殊影响，甚至制造虚假记忆。)”可知，假新闻和人工智能视频会影响我们的记忆。故答案为Fake news and AI videos. 42. 考查细节理解。根据最后一段“Greene and Murphy offer another comforting message again and again: Our memories can be wrong and imperfect, but these are features, not problems. These imperfections are a product of a flexible memory system that allows us to learn from the past, plan for the future and respond to unexpected events. (格林和墨菲反复传递出这样一种令人宽慰的信息：我们的记忆可能会有错误和不完整之处，但这些只是特点，并非问题所在。这些不完美之处是灵活的记忆系统所产生的结果，这种系统使我们能够从过去吸取经验、规划未来并应对意外事件。)”可知，错误部分为“and it is the problem of our memory”，我们在记忆事物时都会犯错，这是我们的记忆所存在的问题。作者们表示，记忆的错误和不完美是其特征，并非问题所在，因为它们是由有助于学习、规划和应对的灵活记忆系统所导致的。故答案为We all can make mistakes when we remember things, and it is the problem of our memory. The authors say that memories being wrong and imperfect are features, not problems, as they result from a flexible memory system helpful for learning, planning and coping. 43. 考查开放题。根据“在当今社会，人们可以采取哪些措施来避免记忆受到不良影响呢？”可回答：为避免受骗，人们可以培养批判性思维能力，仔细核实可靠来源的信息，并对假新闻和AI视频等数字内容保持警惕。接受记忆的不完美也有助于减少不必要的担忧。故答案为To avoid influences, people can develop critical thinking skills, verify information from reliable sources carefully, and be cautious about digital content like fake news and AI videos. Accepting memory’s imperfections also helps reduce unnecessary worry. Passage 11 （24-25高一下·北京通州·期末） Herman Cruse, a school bus driver from New Jersey, has been with Middle Township Public Schools for the past nine years. He believes bus drivers are the eyes and ears of students when they’re away from home and they have a gift to know what kids are feeling. During one morning ride, Cruse noticed a kindergartner seemed a little sad. When Cruse asked him what was wrong, the boy explained that he wasn’t able to complete his reading assignment (任务) because his parents were busy with his four siblings (兄弟姐妹). An idea suddenly crossed Cruse's mind. “Listen, if you don't mind, I'd like to come to the school and read with you,” he said. After receiving permission from the boy’s teacher, Alex Bakley, Cruse showed up at her classroom the following week. When he walked in, the boy shouted proudly, “Hey, that’s my bus driver!” They went into a quiet corner and began reading together. Later, a second student wanted to read with him, then a third. All the kids went to the teacher asking, “Can I read with Mr. Herman?” Cruse now volunteers to help kindergarten students with reading two days a week, and on a third day, he instructs the school’s first-and second-graders, after dropping the kids off at school, of course. Every child looks up to Cruse, both on and off the school bus. “Herman is super positive and he's a bright light at our school who makes every child feel loved and heard,” said Bakley. For Cruse, what started out as a way to kill time has now developed into a way to make a difference in the heart of a child. He used to go to the gym or library after delivering students to schools. It wasn’t until he offered to help the boy on the bus that he realized there was something more rewarding (值得的) he could be doing. It’s a joy for him to see the kids get excited when they learn to sound out words. He loves how reading opens up a new world for them. 45. Why did the boy on the bus look a little upset? ________________________________________________________________________________ 46. Why does Cruse think his voluntary work is rewarding according to the last paragraph? ________________________________________________________________________________ 47. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.  Cruse came into the classroom to read with the boy after receiving the teacher’s permission, but the other children didn’t seem to welcome it. ________________________________________________________________________________ 48. Who’s “a bright light” in your life? Please explain in your own words. (In about 40 words) ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】45. Because he wasn’t able to complete his reading assignment. 46. Because the kids get excited when they learn to sound out words and reading opens up a new world for them. 47. Cruse came into the classroom to read with the boy after receiving the teacher’s permission, but the other children didn’t seem to welcome it. The other children welcomed it because all the kids went to the teacher asking, “Can I read with Mr. Herman?” 48. My English teacher is a beacon in my life. Whenever I encounter difficulties, he is always here to understand me, laugh with me, cry with me, plan with me, talk with me, and think with me. He is always here to love me. 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了新泽西州的一名校车司机赫尔曼·克鲁斯，过去九年里一直在中部乡镇公立学校工作，引领孩子们阅读的故事。 45. 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“During one morning ride, Cruse noticed a kindergartner seemed a little sad. When Cruse asked him what was wrong, the boy explained that he wasn’t able to complete his reading assignment (任务) because his parents were busy with his four siblings (兄弟姐妹). (一天早上，克鲁斯在骑车的时候，注意到一个幼儿园小朋友看起来有点伤心。克鲁斯问他怎么了，男孩解释说他没能完成阅读作业，因为他的父母忙于照顾他的四个兄弟姐妹。)”可知，因为他没能完成阅读作业，所以他有点儿伤心。故答案为Because he wasn’t able to complete his reading assignment. 46. 考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“It wasn’t until he offered to help the boy on the bus that he realized there was something more rewarding (值得的) he could be doing. It’s a joy for him to see the kids get excited when they learn to sound out words. He loves how reading opens up a new world for them. (直到他主动提出在公共汽车上帮助那个男孩，他才意识到自己可以做一些更有意义的事情。对他来说，看到孩子们在学习念单词时变得兴奋是一件乐事。他喜欢阅读为他们打开一个新世界。)”可知，因为当孩子们学会念单词时，他们会感到兴奋，而阅读为他们打开了一个新的世界，所以克鲁斯为什么认为他的志愿工作是有收获的。故答案为Because the kids get excited when they learn to sound out words and reading opens up a new world for them. 47. 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“All the kids went to the teacher asking, “Can I read with Mr. Herman?”(所有的孩子都去问老师：“我能和赫尔曼先生一起读书吗？”)”可知，其他孩子都很欢迎，因为所有的孩子都去问老师：“我能和赫尔曼先生一起读书吗？”。故答案为Cruse came into the classroom to read with the boy after receiving the teacher’s permission, but the other children didn’t seem to welcome it. The other children welcomed it because all the kids went to the teacher asking, “Can I read with Mr. Herman?” 48. 考查阅读表达。通读全文，尤其根据倒数第二段中““Herman is super positive and he's a bright light at our school who makes every child feel loved and heard,” said Bakley. (巴克利说：“赫尔曼非常积极，他是我们学校的一盏明灯，让每个孩子都感到被爱和被倾听。”)”可知，“我生活中的一盏明灯”表示一个对自己有无私的爱的人，参考答案如下：我的英语老师是我生活中的一盏明灯，每当我遇到困难，他总是在这里理解我，和我一起笑，和我一起哭，和我一起计划，和我一起谈心，和我一起思考，他总是在这里爱着我。故答案为My English teacher is a beacon in my life. Whenever I encounter difficulties, he is always here to understand me, laugh with me, cry with me, plan with me, talk with me, and think with me. He is always here to love me. Passage 12 （24-25高一下·北京房山·期末） I’ll admit it — when someone asks me how I’m doing, the first word that usually comes out of my mouth is “busy”. It seems that “busy” has become the new normal. The desire to keep busy is an essential part of being human. People love feeling important and needed, which is what “busy” provides. So they make packed schedules to keep themselves busy. But are you really as busy as you think you are? Most career-driven people would probably guess they spend most of their time at work. But author Laura Vanderkam argues that that’s probably not the case. In her new book, I Know How She Does It, 143 mothers with six-figure jobs recorded what they did for every hour of one week. Surprisingly, these “busy” women worked only 44 hours a week on average and slept nearly eight hours a night, leaving 70 hours per week for other things. The result apparently reveals that people think they are busy, but in fact their time is not highly occupied by work. Why? The reason lies in the fact that negative events tend to stand out in the mind more than positive events. People overestimate (高估) the things they don’t want to do — work, housework — and underestimate the things they do want to do. Simply tracking how you spend your time is the first step in breaking free of the “busy” trap. It’s a lot harder to lie to ourselves when we see where the time goes, right there in black and white. It is also necessary to recognize that you’re responsible for your time management, and stop telling people how busy you are. Ask yourself: “Am I truly overworking?” Pause when someone asks “How are you?” — truly reflect instead of saying “busy”. 40. Why do people like to keep themselves busy? __________________________________________________________________________________ 41. What does the result of the record show? __________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➢To break free of your “busy” trap, you should record how you spend your time, realize your responsibility in time management and stop overworking. __________________________________________________________________________________ 43. How will you manage your time for the coming summer holiday to avoid the “busy” trap?(In about 40 words) __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. Because they love feeling important and needed. 41. The “busy” women didn’t spend as much time on work as they thought, with 44 hours of work per week on average and 70 hours left for other things. 42. 错误部分：“stop overworking”。解释：文章强调的是要正确认识自己的时间分配，并非停止过度工作，而是要反思自己是否真的过度工作，合理安排时间。 43. 示例：I’ll make a detailed schedule for the summer holiday, including study, exercise and entertainment time, and stick to it to avoid being too busy. 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人们为何总感觉自己很忙，并通过研究揭示了人们实际的时间分配情况，最后提出了如何摆脱“忙碌”陷阱的建议。 40. 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“The desire to keep busy is an essential part of being human. People love feeling important and needed, which is what “busy” provides.(保持忙碌的欲望是人类本质的一部分。人们喜欢感觉自己很重要，被需要，而“忙碌”正能提供这种感觉)”可知，人们喜欢让自己忙碌是因为他们喜欢感觉自己很重要，被需要。故答案为：Because they love feeling important and needed. 41. 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“In her new book, I Know How She Does It, 143 mothers with six-figure jobs recorded what they did for every hour of one week. Surprisingly, these “busy” women worked only 44 hours a week on average and slept nearly eight hours a night, leaving 70 hours per week for other things.(在她的新书《我知道她是怎么做到的》中，143位年薪六位数的母亲记录了一周中每个小时的活动。令人惊讶的是，这些“忙碌”的女性平均每周只工作44小时，每晚睡近8小时，每周剩下70小时做其他事情)”可知，记录结果显示这些“忙碌”的女性并没有像她们想象的那样把大部分时间花在工作上，而是平均每周只工作44小时，每晚睡近8小时，每周剩下70小时做其他事情。故答案为：The “busy” women didn’t spend as much time on work as they thought, with 44 hours of work per week on average and 70 hours left for other things. 42. 考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“Simply tracking how you spend your time is the first step in breaking free of the “busy” trap. (简单地追踪你如何分配时间是摆脱“忙碌”陷阱的第一步)”和“It is also necessary to recognize that you’re responsible for your time management, and stop telling people how busy you are. Ask yourself: “Am I truly overworking?”(同样有必要认识到，你要对自己的时间管理负责，并且不要告诉别人你有多忙。问问自己：“我真的工作过度了吗？”)”可知，摆脱“忙碌”陷阱的第一步是追踪你如何分配时间，认识到你要对自己的时间管理负责，并且不要告诉别人你有多忙，反思自己是否真的工作过度了，而不是停止过度工作，即“stop overworking”。故答案为：错误部分：“stop overworking”。解释：文章强调的是要正确认识自己的时间分配，并非停止过度工作，而是要反思自己是否真的过度工作，合理安排时间。 43. 考查推理判断。根据最后一段中“Simply tracking how you spend your time is the first step in breaking free of the “busy” trap. It’s a lot harder to lie to ourselves when we see where the time goes, right there in black and white. It is also necessary to recognize that you’re responsible for your time management, and stop telling people how busy you are. Ask yourself: “Am I truly overworking?”(简单地追踪你如何分配时间是摆脱“忙碌”陷阱的第一步。当我们看到时间都花在了哪里，明明白白地摆在那里时，我们就很难对自己撒谎了。同样有必要认识到，你要对自己的时间管理负责，并且不要告诉别人你有多忙。问问自己：“我真的工作过度了吗？”)”可推知，为了摆脱“忙碌”陷阱，我们应该制定一个详细的时间表，包括学习、锻炼和娱乐时间，并坚持下去。故答案为：I’ll make a detailed schedule for the summer holiday, including study, exercise and entertainment time, and stick to it to avoid being too busy. Passage 13 （24-25高一下·北京第二中学·期末） Why are people interested in eating raw foods or whole foods? One reason is that eating these types of food reduces the risk of acid accumulation in your body. Raw and whole foods are usually digested more efficiently than cooked and refined foods. When we cook foods, we destroy the natural enzymes (酶) that are part of the food in its raw form. These enzymes were intended by nature to help us digest the food. When we consume food without these natural enzymes, our bodies either digest the food improperly or allow too many nutrients to be absorbed into the bloodstream. In both instances, the result is obesity. When too many nutrients are absorbed at once, the body grows fat. Improperly digested food moves slowly through the digestive tract, where it becomes increasingly acidic. To protect its vital organs from this acidic waste, the body changes the acid into fat and stores it safely away from the organs. Processed foods contain chemical elements, which might confuse the appetite mechanism that tells us when we’ve had enough to eat, as a result, people often overeat. Processed foods also upset the digestive cycle. The body will either identify these foods as allergic and then store them safely away from the organs as fat, or the remains of undigested food will become acidic and enter the bloodstream as acid waste, which will stick to the blood vessel walls and block the passage of vital oxygen and nutrients heading for the body’s cells. The body’s metabolism (新陈代谢) becomes inactive, and the result is weight gain and obesity. The accumulation of acid in the digestive tract makes digestion increasingly inefficient. When that happens, even healthy foods can become acidic and the food allergies will become more common. To stop this vicious circle in its tracks, people need to consume food and supplements that will neutralize the acid already accumulated in body. Eating the right types of raw and whole foods can help. It’s also important to restore your enzyme balance. You need to identify and avoid the foods that cause acid accumulation and consume the foods that increase enzyme production. If you truly want to change and help your body heal itself, you need to take an active approach. 41. What’s the function of the natural enzymes? _____________________________________________________________ 42. How does the body protect its vital organs from acidic waste? _____________________________________________________________ 43. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Eating the right types of processed foods can help neutralize the acid accumulated in body. _____________________________________________________________ 44. In your daily life, what active approaches can you take in choosing food if you truly want to stay healthy? (In about 40 words) _____________________________________________________________ 【答案】41. To help digest the food. 42. The body changes the acid into fat and stores it safely away from the organs. 43. Eating the right types of processed foods can help neutralize the acid accumulated in body. According to the passage, eating the right types of raw and whole foods can help neutralize the acid accumulated in body. 44. I will choose more raw and whole foods like fresh fruits and vegetables, and avoid processed foods with chemicals to keep my body healthy. Reduce the intake of processed foods high in salt, sugar and fat, such as potato chips, biscuits. 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述人们对生食或天然食物感兴趣的原因，介绍了生食和天然食物相较于加工食品在消化、减少体内酸积累等方面的优势，以及酸积累对身体的不良影响，强调食用合适的生食和天然食物对中和体内酸、恢复酶平衡的重要性。 41. 考查细节理解。根据第二段“These enzymes were intended by nature to help us digest the food .(这些酶天生就是用来帮助我们消化食物的。)” 可知，天然酶的功能是帮助消化食物。故填To help digest the food. 42. 考查细节理解。根据第二段“To protect its vital organs from this acidic waste, the body changes the acid into fat and stores it safely away from the organs. (为了保护重要器官免受这种酸性废物的侵害，身体将酸转化为脂肪，并将其安全地储存在远离器官的地方。)” 可知，身体通过将酸转化为脂肪并将其储存在远离器官的地方来保护重要器官免受酸性废物的侵害。故填The body changes the acid into fat and stores it safely away from the organs. 43. 考查细节理解。根据第五段 “Eating the right types of raw and whole foods can help. (食用合适种类的生食和天然食物会有帮助。)” 可知，能够帮助中和体内积累的酸的是合适种类的生食和天然食物，而不是加工食品。所以错误部分为 “Eating the right types of processed foods can help neutralize the acid accumulated in body.”，理由为 According to the passage, eating the right types of raw and whole foods can help neutralize the acid accumulated in body. 44. 开放性题。可以表述为“I will choose more raw and whole foods like fresh fruits and vegetables, and avoid processed foods with chemicals to keep my body healthy.Reduce the intake of processed foods high in salt, sugar and fat, such as potato chips, biscuits. (我会选择更多像新鲜水果和蔬菜这样的生食及天然食物，避免食用含化学物质的加工食品，以保持身体健康。减少高盐、高糖、高脂肪加工食品的摄入，比如薯片、饼干)”。故填I will choose more raw and whole foods like fresh fruits and vegetables, and avoid processed foods with chemicals to keep my body healthy. Reduce the intake of processed foods high in salt, sugar and fat, such as potato chips, biscuits. Passage 14 （24-25高一下·北京师范大学附属中学·期末） The Power of Determination Your quest for success and happiness begins with right intentions. It culminates (达到顶点) when you reach your chosen goals. What sustains your effort in between is your determination. What carries you towards your goals is your determination. It means the firmness of purpose or intention. If there is one gift that you can give to yourself in your life to be what you want to be, it is the power of determination. Without it you are a mere passive spectator in the drama of your life. If there is one quality that makes a difference between a winner and a loser or a leader and a follower, it is the power of determination. Without it, you may dream wild dreams, but you will not accomplish much in life. If you have determination, nothing can stop you and deter you from following your course of action to achieve your goals or realize your dreams. Obstacles may arise and obstruct your progress. They may delay your success, disturb you temporarily, and may even mislead you, but they cannot withstand the power of determination. It is the power that you generate within yourself to remain committed to your path and beliefs, and march towards your cherished goals. Before you take up any project or goal, you should know whether you have the determination to stick to your plans and reach your goals. Your determination has to arise from within and obtain its reinforcement from your thinking and beliefs rather than circumstances. Only then will you be able to sustain your effort, even when the going gets tough. Determination is your inner strength. Like the hardwood inside a tree, it gives you the power to stand tall and face the strong winds. With determination, you can remove the mountains of fear and doubts in you. You can find your way through the most difficult situations. Determination does not mean you will be insensitive to the reality of the situation. A determined person is also an adaptable and flexible person. He is not interested in being tough for toughness sake, but to overcome obstacles and reach his goals. Hence, he remains open-minded about possibilities and opportunities, but firm in his commitment and convictions. Self-control and determination go together. If you have them, you become unstoppable. 64. According to the passage, what is determination? _____________________________________________________ 65. What will happen if one does not have determination? _____________________________________________________ 66. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. With determination, you can remove the mountains of fear and doubts in you, and you will not make changes. _____________________________________________________ 【答案】64. Determination means the firmness of purpose or intention. 65. Without determination one might be a mere passive spectator in the drama of their life.或Without determination, one may dream wild dreams, but he/she will not accomplish much in life. 66. With determination, you can crush the mountains of fear and doubts in you, and you will not make changes. According to the passage, determination does not mean you will be insensitive to the reality of the situation. A determined person is also an adaptable and flexible person. 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是决心的力量。 64. 细节理解题。根据第一段的“What sustains your effort in between is your determination. What carries you towards your goals is your determination. It means the firmness of purpose or intention.(在这中间支撑你努力的是你的决心。带你走向目标的是你的决心。它意味着目的或意图的坚定。)”可知，决心意味着目的或意图的坚定，故答案为Determination means the firmness of purpose or intention. 65. 细节理解题。根据第二段的“Without it you are a mere passive spectator in the drama of your life.(没有它，你只是生活戏剧中的一个被动的旁观者。)”和“Without it, you may dream wild dreams, but you will not accomplish much in life.(没有它，你可能会做一些疯狂的梦，但你不会在生活中取得多少成就。)”可知，没有决心，一个人可能只是生活戏剧中的一个被动的旁观者或者一个人可能会有疯狂的梦想，但这些梦想在生活中不会有多大成就。故答案为Without determination one might be a mere passive spectator in the drama of their life./Without determination, one may dream wild dreams, but he/she will not accomplish much in life. 66. 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Determination does not mean you will be insensitive to the reality of the situation. A determined person is also an adaptable and flexible person. (决心并不意味着你对现实情况不敏感。一个有决心的人也是一个适应性强、灵活的人。)”，因此错误的部分是“you will not make changes”，因为决心并不意味着你对现实情况不敏感，一个意志坚定的人也是一个适应能力强、灵活多变的人。故答案为With determination, you can crush the mountains of fear and doubts in you, and you will not make changes. According to the passage, determination does not mean you will be insensitive to the reality of the situation. A determined person is also an adaptable and flexible person. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题10 阅读与表达 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·北京东城·期末） Two choir rehearsals (排练) this week, two next, and a concert on Sunday; our new director reminds us to practise at home; I belong to a community choir with a range of talent. Until I was in my mid-40s, my singing was limited to the shower and the car. But then I moved to Scotland, to live in a New Age community where some people sang daily Monday to Friday for 20 minutes before breakfast. I was attracted by the beautiful songs. They opened my heart enough to allow me to listen and not react to people. I also took weekly singing lessons and began to enjoy singing. The reward for singing is great. My habit, from childhood on, has been holding back my emotions. But singing bursts through old habits and uplifts my heart, especially when I’m part of creating it. I left Scotland unwillingly when my visa expired (过期) and returned to Canada. My music teacher said,‌ “Find a choir there and sing. Do not stop.” In Vancouver, I joined the community choir. We practise weekly and sing in two concerts a year. The directors admit that perfection is an illusion (幻想) but push us as far as they possibly can. As they often say, in a choir the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. And I feel the ‌“ whole” can be been so moved by the beauty of the blended (混合的) voices that tears streamed silently down my cheeks — not from sadness, but from witnessing how imperfect voices could create perfect harmony. The choir is my family now. It is what moves me to try to accept everyone as they are without judgment, to develop patience, charity and love, and to live in active hope regarding world problems and the environment. When I think of all that, the hard work I put in to reach an average level in my singing feels like an investment in becoming a better person. 44. What group does the author belong to? _________________________________________________________________________________ 45. How does singing benefit the author? _________________________________________________________________________________ 46. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. The directors encourage the choir to practise hard and they think the sum of a choir’s parts is the whole of it. _________________________________________________________________________________ 47. What is one of your experiences that has made you a better person? (In about 40 words) _________________________________________________________________________________ Passage 2 （24-25高一下·北京西城·期末） Cave exploration is an exciting activity where people go to explore an unknown cave. When it comes to exploring caves, “spelunking” and “caving” are always used. In 1940, an American caver named Clay Perry wrote about a group of cave explorers who called themselves spelunkers. It was the first time that the word had been heard in cave exploration circles. The word spelunker comes from the Latin word spelunca, which means cavern, cave, or den in English. Also, the word spelunca itself comes from the Greek word Spelynk which simply means cave. On the other hand, the word caving comes from the Latin word cavea or cavern. This word means to cave. Caving and spelunking are actually the same, but very different in some ways. The difference between these two terms began to surface in the 1960s when real cave explorers referred to spelunkers as inexperienced and ill-equipped. Spelunkers are cave tourists, wanting to appreciate a cave’s natural features and beauty. Basically, spelunking is like a hobby. On the other hand, caving has a totally different purpose. Cavers explore a cave to study all of the things that are happening inside it. Some cavers are professionals who study cave phenomenon (现象). You can also tell the difference between caving and spelunking by experience level. Caving requires individuals to be knowledgeable and experienced, since their purpose is often to work and do research in caves. But for spelunkers, it’s not necessary to be experienced to explore a cave, especially if the objective is to enjoy the view as a tourist. Cave exploration is sure to bring excitement and fun. Give it a try when you have a chance. 53. What is cave exploration? (不多于14个单词) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 54. When did the word “spelunker” first appear in cave exploration circles? (不多于2个单词) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 55. Why do spelunkers explore caves? (不多于11个单词) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 56. What quality should you have if you want to be a caver? Explain why. (单词数不限) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Passage 3 （24-25高一下·北京海淀·期末） As we move further into the digital age, the human attention span is decreasing rapidly. Now the average attention span lasts just eight seconds. We’re struggling to focus on single tasks for long periods of time. We have a tendency to get distra… oh, look at that dog! We need an approach that makes information easier to consume and absorb. Enter microlearning. As the name implies, microlearning is a way of gaining knowledge that breaks information into bite-sized pieces, typically five to ten minutes long. Actually, microlearning has been around for as long as human beings have been learning. However, the use of the term “microlearning” and is rise in popularity is a relatively new thing with the increased spread of the Internet and the popularization of e-learning. Microlearning is perfect for today’s learners because they’re always on the go. Furthermore, they always have access to a device for learning. This means they can learn on their commute, lunch break and more. The neuroscience behind microlearning partly explains why it works so well. It uses the cognitive skills learning system in our brain, the main system for learning skills and helping with short-term memory. The use of spaced repetition also plays a part. Research suggests we learn better when content is spaced out, rather than delivered in one go. It helps to fight against the Forgetting Curve, which suggests we forget 90% of the information we learn within a week. After all, each repetition provides a new opportunity to practice active recall and to build upon a foundation that we’ve already established. Think of those flashcards you made for an exam. You created small pieces of content and looked at them over and over again until they were ingrained in your memory! With its bite-sized knowledge, microlearning allows you to learn at your own pace, offering more flexibility. Content can be tailored to meet your specific needs, preferences, and learning styles, thus allowing for personalized learning experiences. Also, it reduces stress, and increases productivity. When you have a lot of things to do, you may feel stressed. In turn, your brain releases a hormone called cortisol, which can negatively impact your memory. By breaking content down into short and easy units, it makes learning feel less challenging. Nice! Microlearning may be small but it sure is mighty. It’s easy to find, quick to complete and super effective. What’s not to love? 32. Why is microlearning a perfect choice for today’s learners? __________________________________________________________________ 33. How does spaced repetition help fight against the Forgetting Curve? __________________________________________________________________ 34. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➢ Microlearning makes learning feel less challenging by helping our brain release cortisol __________________________________________________________________ 35. How can you apply microlearning in your daily study? (In about 40 words) __________________________________________________________________ Passage 4 （24-25高一下·北京朝阳·期末） We all have secrets, whether we want them or not. What makes up a secret is quite personal — some people hold certain information close to their hearts that others are very open about. Sometimes whether something is a secret to us or not is determined by our cultural and environmental experiences, and our relationships. Simply, a secret is something that you don’t want other people to know. Imagine a common situation where your friend approach and whisper to you, “Can you keep a secret?” Naturally, you respond with a “yes”. There’s something about telling secrets that feels close, as it connects you to another person through shared knowledge. However, secrets are tricky things. Whether they’re our own or they’ve been shared with us by someone else, they can start to get heavy over time and could become an unwanted weight on our minds. One study, The Benefits and Burdens of Keeping Others’ secrets, says, “The closer one is to the secret-sharer, the more one’s mind wanders toward the secret, predicting increased feelings of closeness, but also burden. The more a secret has connection with one's own social network, the more one keeps the secret on the other’s behalf, predicting increased feelings of burden.” Given that, before you start sharing secrets, whether yours or someone else’s, take a moment to think about the potential consequences. Are you handing over a burden to someone else, who might not want it? How will you feel about someone else knowing one of your deepest secrets? What will happen if you share a friend’s secret with someone else, and how will they react? Sometimes all you need is to take a moment and think before you speak; your inner voice will drive you in deciding whether to tell others your secrets or keep them locked inside. 50. What determines whether something is a secret to us? ________________________________________________________________________________ 51. Why can sharing secrets make people feel close? ________________________________________________________________________________ 52. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➢The closer you are with someone who has a secret, the more your thoughts wander toward the secret, which may increase the sense of closeness without adding to the burden. ________________________________________________________________________________ 53. Do you think keeping secrets for others is a burden or a joy? Give your reasons. (In about 40 words) ________________________________________________________________________________ Passage 5 （24-25高一下·北京丰台·期末） When I was a youngster, my mother would say, “Go outside and play.” And I would, with all the other kids in the neighborhood. We learned a lot about nature and ourselves playing outside. For one thing, we quickly learned to recognize poison ivy. A few years ago I was fortunate to be asked to join the advisory committee of Children and Nature Network (C&NN). This is a growing organization created by author Richard Louv. His book, Last Child in the Woods, became a best-seller as people realized we have a generation of children so connected to electronics that they are losing their connection to nature. As Louv writes, “We are fast approaching a generation of children where no child will have played outdoors.” Nature is more than plants and animals we observe each day. Nature is a shared spirit of being with all things. Through nature we learn that everything is cyclical, that life begins and life passes, and that every life is in balance with all other life forms, and each one helps the other fulfill its essential purpose. My neighbors embody the actions and nature philosophy that Louv suggests in his book. They plant, they play, and they teach their children that nature has her purpose. They live out the philosophy that we are part of nature, and when we abuse (滥用) her, we abuse ourselves. Spending time outdoors both in loneliness and at play is an important education for children. The outdoors encourages an inner connection to nature, and if you stay there for a little while in silence, you will see all the natural connections. You will connect to the chlorophyll (叶绿素) of plants, the flight of insects and birds, the awareness of mammals (哺乳动物), and especially the knowing of the earth herself. In Shakespeare’s As You Like It, the Duke in the Forest of Arden says: “... there are tongues in trees, books in running brooks, sermons (诉说) in stones, and good in everything.” 27 How did the author learn about nature and herself when she was young? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 28. What problem does Richard Louv point out in his book? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 29. How do you understand the underlined sentence “when we abuse her, we abuse ourselves” in Paragraph 4? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 30. What benefits can we get from spending time outdoors? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 31. What can you learn from the Duke’s words in Shakespeare’s book? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Passage 6 （24-25高一下·北京石景山·期末） Emma, a 14-year-old student, loved animals and spent much of her free time volunteering at a local-animal shelter. One day, she noticed that many shelter animals lacked proper beds and had to sleep on hard, cold floors. She felt that they deserved better. Determined to help, Emma started collecting old blankets and soft fabrics (布料) from her neighborhood. She asked friends and family to donate materials, and soon she had enough to make beds for the shelter animals. With the help of her mother, she learned basic sewing skills and turned the donated fabrics into small, comfortable beds. The first time she brought the handmade beds to the shelter, the staff and animals were delighted. Seeing the animals sleep peacefully on the soft beds made Emma realize that small efforts could make a big difference. Encouraged by her success, Emma decided to expand her project. She created a social media page to share her idea and encourage others to help. Soon, more people joined her cause. Some donated fabrics, while others helped sew the beds. Even a local store agreed to support her by providing free materials. Today, Emma’s project has spread to other shelters in different cities. She hopes to inspire more young people to take action and help animals in need. 40. How did Emma spend much of her free time? _________________________________________________________________________ 41. What did Emma learn with the help of her mother? _________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Emma created a social media page to ask people online to donate money for more materials. _________________________________________________________________________ 43. Among Emma’s qualities, which one(s) do you think will be important for us? Why? (In about 40 words) _________________________________________________________________________ Passage 7 （24-25高一下·北京大兴·期末） The Impact of Plastic Pollution on Marine Life Plastic pollution has become one of the most pressing environmental issues of our time. Over 8 million tons of plastic waste enter the oceans each year, threatening marine ecosystems. Marine animals, such as turtles, seabirds, and whales, often mistake plastic debris for food. For example, sea turtles confuse floating plastic bags with jellyfish, which can block their digestive systems and lead to starvation. Similarly, seabirds feed plastic fragments to their chicks, causing long-term health issues. Microplastics — tiny plastic particles from the breakdown of larger items — have spread even to the deepest parts of the ocean. These particles are swallowed by small marine organisms, such as plankton, and eventually reaching humans through seafood. Efforts to deal with this crisis are growing worldwide. Many countries have introduced bans on single-use plastics like straws and bags. Innovations in biodegradable materials, such as plant-based packaging, offer eco-friendly alternatives to traditional plastics. Community initiatives, including beach cleanups and educational campaigns, raise awareness about responsible waste management. However, experts stress that systemic changes are essential. Improving recycling systems, investing in technologies to collect ocean plastics, and holding companies responsible for excessive plastic production are key steps. Together, these actions can reduce the flow of plastic into our oceans and protect marine life for future generations. 41. What is the estimated amount of plastic waste entering oceans yearly? ______________________________________________________ 42. How do microplastics affect the food chain? ______________________________________________________ 43. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Although plastic pollution affects various marine animals, innovations in biodegradable materials have solved the plastic waste problem. ______________________________________________________ 44. What measures do you think individuals could take to further reduce plastic pollution? (Provide at least two suggestions.) (About 40 words) ______________________________________________________ Passage 8 （24-25高一下·北京顺义·期末） Social media apps are quick and easy to use, but it’s important to question the cost of this convenience. Privacy is too often lost in the search for convenience, but there are several ways to protect yourself when using social media. Make passwords long and strong As the Gateway to your account, a password should be long and strong to keep your personal information safe. Be sure to use different passwords for each account to prevent criminals (犯罪分子) from accessing all the accounts at the same time. You should also change your password often. Keep your personal information off the Internet When posting online, try not to include too much personal information, such as addresses, phone numbers, and photos with clear faces. With less personal information online, there’s less to worry about protecting. You could also block social media companies from collecting your personal information when possible, because this data is often sold to other companies for advertising. Read and understand what you’ve agreed to It is important to take time to regularly read and understand privacy policies and user agreements to know what information is stored by apps and websites (网站). You are advised to clear cookies (本地数据) and searches from your search engine every few months to prevent your personal information from getting stolen. Get out of the spotlight Another suggestion is to change your account settings from public to private. This will keep accounts from being targeted by scams (诈骗). You can protect your privacy on social media by limiting the information you put online, using stronger passwords, and choosing more private security settings. With these efforts, your account will be much safer in the online world. 40. What should a password be like to keep your personal information safe? (不多于3个单词) ________________________________________________________________________________ 41. When posting online, what kinds of personal information should users not include? (不多于8个单词) ________________________________________________________________________________ 42. How often is it advised to clear cookies and searches from a search engine? (不多于3个单词) ________________________________________________________________________________ 43. Why should we change account settings from public to private? (不多于10个单词) ________________________________________________________________________________ 44. What is the passage mainly about? (不多于10个单词) ________________________________________________________________________________ Passage 9 （24-25高一下·北京延庆·期末） Music has long been considered to be an enjoyable pastime for many people. It is also highly popular due to the individualized effects on stress and anxiety. The mental health benefits from music can’t be argued. Music could also be helping you with many other health problems behind the scenes. Some experts say that music can be harmful if it is too loud. However, for the same reason, music can be very beneficial if one is in pain. By distracting (分心) the mind from the pain, music, people say. can lower stress and anxiety levels. This, of course, can lead to less pain. Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed. They say it can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep. While the validity of the idea is still being assessed, the lowered stress can even be tied back to blood pressure. Similarly, according to researchers, listening to just 30 minutes of soft music every day may help with healthy blood sugar levels, through the lowering of stress and anxiety. When it comes to heart health, there is speculation (推测) that it’s not the style of music, but rather the tempo (节奏) that makes it so good for your heart health. In one European study, participants listened to music as the researchers monitored their heart rates and blood pressure. Interestingly, the more cheerful the music was, the faster their heart rates were. On the other hand, when the music slowed, the participants’ stress and anxiety levels became lower and the effects on heart rates appeared to follow suit. The implications of music on overall well-being are really impressive. But there is a whole range of other health issues that turning up the radio could be beneficial for, which is what makes music so valuable. 22. How can music help reduce pain according to some people? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 23. What are the possible effects of listening to relaxing music before bed? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 24. In the European study, what was the relationship between music tempo and participants’ heart rates? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 25. In your daily life, what benefits can music bring you? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Passage 10 （24-25高一下·北京昌平·期末） There are countless metaphors for memory. It’s a leaky bucket, a steel trap, a paper container, and words written in sand. But have you ever thought that our memories are a lot like a Lego Tower: It’s built from the ground up, then broken down, put away in bins and rebuilt in a slightly different form each time it’s taken out. Psychologists Ciara Greene and Gillian Murphy explain this metaphor in their new book, Memory Lane. Perhaps the comparison speaks to me because I have watched my kids create amazing villages of Lego bricks, only to be taken apart, put away and reconstructed, always with a similar overall structure but with little and occasionally major changes. Memory works this way, too, Greene and Murphy think. “As we walk down Memory road, the buildings we pass — our memories of individual events — are under repeated reconstruction,” Greene and Murphy write. In easy-to-understand writing, the book covers a lot of ground, from how we form memories to how delicate (精致的) those memories really are. Readers may find it interesting to learn how bad we all are at remembering why we did something, from small choices, like buying an album, to important ones. People change their reasoning — or at least, their memories of their reasoning — on these sorts of events all the time. Modern difficult situations also come up, such as whether fake news and AI videos have particular influence our memories or even create false ones. Don’t panic, the authors write. Digital fakes can influence memories, sure. Greene and Murphy offer another comforting message again and again: Our memories can be wrong and imperfect, but these are features, not problems. These imperfections are a product of a flexible memory system that allows us to learn from the past, plan for the future and respond to unexpected events. Forgetting may make our brains more efficient by removing unnecessary details so we can focus on the important memories. It may even keep us happier by allowing time to ease the painful experiences, the authors write. “We suggest accepting it just the way it is — imperfections and all.” 40. What are memories like according to psychologists Greene and Murphy? _________________________________________________________________ 41. What affects our memories in modem times? _________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. We all can make mistakes when we remember things, and it is the problem of our memory. _________________________________________________________________ 43. What can people do to avoid influences on memories in modern times? (In about 40 words) _________________________________________________________________ Passage 11 （24-25高一下·北京通州·期末） Herman Cruse, a school bus driver from New Jersey, has been with Middle Township Public Schools for the past nine years. He believes bus drivers are the eyes and ears of students when they’re away from home and they have a gift to know what kids are feeling. During one morning ride, Cruse noticed a kindergartner seemed a little sad. When Cruse asked him what was wrong, the boy explained that he wasn’t able to complete his reading assignment (任务) because his parents were busy with his four siblings (兄弟姐妹). An idea suddenly crossed Cruse's mind. “Listen, if you don't mind, I'd like to come to the school and read with you,” he said. After receiving permission from the boy’s teacher, Alex Bakley, Cruse showed up at her classroom the following week. When he walked in, the boy shouted proudly, “Hey, that’s my bus driver!” They went into a quiet corner and began reading together. Later, a second student wanted to read with him, then a third. All the kids went to the teacher asking, “Can I read with Mr. Herman?” Cruse now volunteers to help kindergarten students with reading two days a week, and on a third day, he instructs the school’s first-and second-graders, after dropping the kids off at school, of course. Every child looks up to Cruse, both on and off the school bus. “Herman is super positive and he's a bright light at our school who makes every child feel loved and heard,” said Bakley. For Cruse, what started out as a way to kill time has now developed into a way to make a difference in the heart of a child. He used to go to the gym or library after delivering students to schools. It wasn’t until he offered to help the boy on the bus that he realized there was something more rewarding (值得的) he could be doing. It’s a joy for him to see the kids get excited when they learn to sound out words. He loves how reading opens up a new world for them. 45. Why did the boy on the bus look a little upset? ________________________________________________________________________________ 46. Why does Cruse think his voluntary work is rewarding according to the last paragraph? ________________________________________________________________________________ 47. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.  Cruse came into the classroom to read with the boy after receiving the teacher’s permission, but the other children didn’t seem to welcome it. ________________________________________________________________________________ 48. Who’s “a bright light” in your life? Please explain in your own words. (In about 40 words) ________________________________________________________________________________ Passage 12 （24-25高一下·北京房山·期末） I’ll admit it — when someone asks me how I’m doing, the first word that usually comes out of my mouth is “busy”. It seems that “busy” has become the new normal. The desire to keep busy is an essential part of being human. People love feeling important and needed, which is what “busy” provides. So they make packed schedules to keep themselves busy. But are you really as busy as you think you are? Most career-driven people would probably guess they spend most of their time at work. But author Laura Vanderkam argues that that’s probably not the case. In her new book, I Know How She Does It, 143 mothers with six-figure jobs recorded what they did for every hour of one week. Surprisingly, these “busy” women worked only 44 hours a week on average and slept nearly eight hours a night, leaving 70 hours per week for other things. The result apparently reveals that people think they are busy, but in fact their time is not highly occupied by work. Why? The reason lies in the fact that negative events tend to stand out in the mind more than positive events. People overestimate (高估) the things they don’t want to do — work, housework — and underestimate the things they do want to do. Simply tracking how you spend your time is the first step in breaking free of the “busy” trap. It’s a lot harder to lie to ourselves when we see where the time goes, right there in black and white. It is also necessary to recognize that you’re responsible for your time management, and stop telling people how busy you are. Ask yourself: “Am I truly overworking?” Pause when someone asks “How are you?” — truly reflect instead of saying “busy”. 40. Why do people like to keep themselves busy? __________________________________________________________________________________ 41. What does the result of the record show? __________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ➢To break free of your “busy” trap, you should record how you spend your time, realize your responsibility in time management and stop overworking. __________________________________________________________________________________ 43. How will you manage your time for the coming summer holiday to avoid the “busy” trap?(In about 40 words) __________________________________________________________________________________ Passage 13 （24-25高一下·北京第二中学·期末） Why are people interested in eating raw foods or whole foods? One reason is that eating these types of food reduces the risk of acid accumulation in your body. Raw and whole foods are usually digested more efficiently than cooked and refined foods. When we cook foods, we destroy the natural enzymes (酶) that are part of the food in its raw form. These enzymes were intended by nature to help us digest the food. When we consume food without these natural enzymes, our bodies either digest the food improperly or allow too many nutrients to be absorbed into the bloodstream. In both instances, the result is obesity. When too many nutrients are absorbed at once, the body grows fat. Improperly digested food moves slowly through the digestive tract, where it becomes increasingly acidic. To protect its vital organs from this acidic waste, the body changes the acid into fat and stores it safely away from the organs. Processed foods contain chemical elements, which might confuse the appetite mechanism that tells us when we’ve had enough to eat, as a result, people often overeat. Processed foods also upset the digestive cycle. The body will either identify these foods as allergic and then store them safely away from the organs as fat, or the remains of undigested food will become acidic and enter the bloodstream as acid waste, which will stick to the blood vessel walls and block the passage of vital oxygen and nutrients heading for the body’s cells. The body’s metabolism (新陈代谢) becomes inactive, and the result is weight gain and obesity. The accumulation of acid in the digestive tract makes digestion increasingly inefficient. When that happens, even healthy foods can become acidic and the food allergies will become more common. To stop this vicious circle in its tracks, people need to consume food and supplements that will neutralize the acid already accumulated in body. Eating the right types of raw and whole foods can help. It’s also important to restore your enzyme balance. You need to identify and avoid the foods that cause acid accumulation and consume the foods that increase enzyme production. If you truly want to change and help your body heal itself, you need to take an active approach. 41. What’s the function of the natural enzymes? _____________________________________________________________ 42. How does the body protect its vital organs from acidic waste? _____________________________________________________________ 43. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Eating the right types of processed foods can help neutralize the acid accumulated in body. _____________________________________________________________ 44. In your daily life, what active approaches can you take in choosing food if you truly want to stay healthy? (In about 40 words) _____________________________________________________________ Passage 14 （24-25高一下·北京师范大学附属中学·期末） The Power of Determination Your quest for success and happiness begins with right intentions. It culminates (达到顶点) when you reach your chosen goals. What sustains your effort in between is your determination. What carries you towards your goals is your determination. It means the firmness of purpose or intention. If there is one gift that you can give to yourself in your life to be what you want to be, it is the power of determination. Without it you are a mere passive spectator in the drama of your life. If there is one quality that makes a difference between a winner and a loser or a leader and a follower, it is the power of determination. Without it, you may dream wild dreams, but you will not accomplish much in life. If you have determination, nothing can stop you and deter you from following your course of action to achieve your goals or realize your dreams. Obstacles may arise and obstruct your progress. They may delay your success, disturb you temporarily, and may even mislead you, but they cannot withstand the power of determination. It is the power that you generate within yourself to remain committed to your path and beliefs, and march towards your cherished goals. Before you take up any project or goal, you should know whether you have the determination to stick to your plans and reach your goals. Your determination has to arise from within and obtain its reinforcement from your thinking and beliefs rather than circumstances. Only then will you be able to sustain your effort, even when the going gets tough. Determination is your inner strength. Like the hardwood inside a tree, it gives you the power to stand tall and face the strong winds. With determination, you can remove the mountains of fear and doubts in you. You can find your way through the most difficult situations. Determination does not mean you will be insensitive to the reality of the situation. A determined person is also an adaptable and flexible person. He is not interested in being tough for toughness sake, but to overcome obstacles and reach his goals. Hence, he remains open-minded about possibilities and opportunities, but firm in his commitment and convictions. Self-control and determination go together. If you have them, you become unstoppable. 64. According to the passage, what is determination? _____________________________________________________ 65. What will happen if one does not have determination? _____________________________________________________ 66. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. With determination, you can remove the mountains of fear and doubts in you, and you will not make changes. _____________________________________________________ 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题10 阅读与表达 参考答案 Passage 1 （24-25高一下·北京东城·期末） 【答案】44 A community choir. 45. Singing bursts through old habits, uplifts her heart and helps her accept others, develop good qualities and have active hope for the world and environment. 46. The directors encourage the choir to practise hard and they think the sum of a choir’s parts is the whole of it. Because the directors think in a choir the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. 47. I once joined a volunteer activity to help the elderly. It taught me to care for others and be more responsible, making me a better person. Passage 2 （24-25高一下·北京西城·期末） 【答案】53. Cave exploration is an exciting activity where people go to explore an unknown cave. 54. In 1940. 55. Spelunkers explore caves to appreciate a cave’s natural features and beauty 56. You should be knowledgeable and experienced because caving requires individuals to work and do research in caves. Passage 3 （24-25高一下·北京海淀·期末） 【答案】32. Because they’re always on the go. Furthermore, they always have access to a device for learning. 33. Each repetition provides a new opportunity to practice active recall and to build upon a foundation that we’ve already established. 34. Microlearning makes learning feel less challenging by helping our brain release cortisol. Microlearning makes learning feel less challenging by breaking content down into short and easy units. 35. 参考1：I can apply microlearning in my daily study in many ways. I review class notes between classes. I memorize one vocabulary list before bed and review it on the bus ride to school the next morning. By studying little but often, I achieve more with less stress. 参考2：I can integrate microlearning into my busy schedule. I squeeze in short study sessions between classes, like referring to notebooks for quick reviews. On my commute to and from school, I watch brief educational videos to grasp key concepts. This approach boosts my learning efficiency. Passage 4 （24-25高一下·北京朝阳·期末） 【答案】50. It is determined by a mix of personal, cultural, environmental and relational factors. 51. Because it connects people through shared knowledge. 52. The closer you are with someone who has a secret, the more your thoughts wander toward the secret, which may increase the sense of closeness without adding to the burden. The closer you are with someone who has a secret, the more your thoughts wander toward the secret, predicting increased feelings of closeness, but also burden. 53. 1) Keeping secrets for others is a joy for me. When close friends confide in me about personal challenges, keeping their secrets can show my support and respect for them. It also gives me the opportunity to offer help and understanding, which in turn deepens our friendships. 2) It's a burden for me. The pressure of withholding information can weigh heavily on my mind and it often requires constant attention to avoid accidental slips, which cause much stress and anxiety. Besides, if secrets are difficult to manage, they may damage my relationships with my friends. Passage 5 （24-25高一下·北京丰台·期末） 【答案】27. By playing outside with other kids in the neighborhood. 28. A generation of children is so connected to electronics that they are losing their connection to nature. 29. We are part of nature, so abusing nature means harming ourselves. 30. It encourages an inner connection to nature and helps us see all the natural connections. 31. Everything in nature has its value and meaning. Passage 6 （24-25高一下·北京石景山·期末） 【答案】40 She spent much of her free time volunteering at a local animal shelter. 41. With the help of her mother, she learned basic sewing skills. 42. Emma created a social media page to ask people online to donate money for more materials. 或者Emma created a social media page to ask people online to donate money for more materials. 理由：The purpose was to share her idea and encourage others to help. （类似答案都可以接受）。 43. One Possible version: Emma’ s kindness and determination are important qualities. She saw a problem, took action, and inspired others. Her story teaches us that small efforts can make a big difference if we are willing to help those in need. Passage 7 （24-25高一下·北京大兴·期末） 【答案】41. Over 8 million tons of plastic waste enter the oceans each year. 42. Microplastics are swallowed by small marine organisms, such as plankton, and eventually reaching humans through seafood. 43. 划线部分：Although plastic pollution affects various marine animals, innovations in biodegradable materials have solved the plastic waste problem. 原因：Innovations in biodegradable materials such as plant-based packaging, offer eco-friendly alternatives to traditional plastics. 44. Individuals can contribute by adopting simple habits: carrying reusable bottles, avoiding products with unnecessary plastic packaging, and supporting policies that promote sustainability. Passage 8 （24-25高一下·北京顺义·期末） 【答案】40. Long and strong. 41. Addresses, phone numbers, and photos with clear faces. 42. Every few months. 43. Because it will keep accounts from being targeted by scams. /To keep accounts from being targeted by scams. 44. Ways to protect yourself when using social media. /Tips for protecting your privacy on social media. /How to keep your accounts safer when using social media. Passage 9 （24-25高一下·北京延庆·期末） 【答案】22. Because music can distract the mind from the pain, lower stress and anxiety levels, which can lead to less pain. 23. It can play a big role in calming the brain enough to sleep. 24. In the European study, the relationship between music tempo and participants' heart rates was that the more cheerful (faster tempo) the music was, the faster their heart rates were. Conversely, when the music slowed down, participants' stress and anxiety levels decreased, and this seemed to be reflected in their heart rates as well. 25. In my daily life, music brings many benefits. It relieves stress by calming my mind with soft melodies after study. It also helps me focus on tasks through instrumental tunes, and lifts my mood with upbeat songs when I’m tired. What’s more, it also creates a relaxing atmosphere for better sleep at night. making each day more balanced and enjoyable. Passage 10 （24-25高一下·北京昌平·期末） 【答案】40. They are like a Lego Tower: built from the ground up, broken down, put away, and rebuilt in a slightly different form each time. 41. Fake news and AI videos. 42. We all can make mistakes when we remember things, and it is the problem of our memory. The authors say that memories being wrong and imperfect are features, not problems, as they result from a flexible memory system helpful for learning, planning and coping. 43. To avoid influences, people can develop critical thinking skills, verify information from reliable sources carefully, and be cautious about digital content like fake news and AI videos. Accepting memory’s imperfections also helps reduce unnecessary worry. Passage 11 （24-25高一下·北京通州·期末） 【答案】45. Because he wasn’t able to complete his reading assignment. 46. Because the kids get excited when they learn to sound out words and reading opens up a new world for them. 47. Cruse came into the classroom to read with the boy after receiving the teacher’s permission, but the other children didn’t seem to welcome it. The other children welcomed it because all the kids went to the teacher asking, “Can I read with Mr. Herman?” 48. My English teacher is a beacon in my life. Whenever I encounter difficulties, he is always here to understand me, laugh with me, cry with me, plan with me, talk with me, and think with me. He is always here to love me. Passage 12 （24-25高一下·北京房山·期末） 【答案】40. Because they love feeling important and needed. 41. The “busy” women didn’t spend as much time on work as they thought, with 44 hours of work per week on average and 70 hours left for other things. 42. 错误部分：“stop overworking”。解释：文章强调的是要正确认识自己的时间分配，并非停止过度工作，而是要反思自己是否真的过度工作，合理安排时间。 43. 示例：I’ll make a detailed schedule for the summer holiday, including study, exercise and entertainment time, and stick to it to avoid being too busy. Passage 13 （24-25高一下·北京第二中学·期末） 【答案】41. To help digest the food. 42. The body changes the acid into fat and stores it safely away from the organs. 43. Eating the right types of processed foods can help neutralize the acid accumulated in body. According to the passage, eating the right types of raw and whole foods can help neutralize the acid accumulated in body. 44. I will choose more raw and whole foods like fresh fruits and vegetables, and avoid processed foods with chemicals to keep my body healthy. Reduce the intake of processed foods high in salt, sugar and fat, such as potato chips, biscuits. Passage 14 （24-25高一下·北京师范大学附属中学·期末） 【答案】64. Determination means the firmness of purpose or intention. 65. Without determination one might be a mere passive spectator in the drama of their life.或Without determination, one may dream wild dreams, but he/she will not accomplish much in life. 66. With determination, you can crush the mountains of fear and doubts in you, and you will not make changes. According to the passage, determination does not mean you will be insensitive to the reality of the situation. A determined person is also an adaptable and flexible person. 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $