专题9 被动语态-【中考对策】2026年中考总复习英语（外研版）

专题九 考点①常考的被动语态 在被动语态中，谓语动词必须是及物动词。 基本结构是“be+及物动词的过去分词”，时态 的变化由be动词的变化体现出来。 类型 构成 例句 The room is cleaned every 一般现在时 am/is/are+ day 的被动语态 过去分词 这个房间每天都被打扫。 The lost ring was found 一般过去时 was/were+ yesterday. 的被动语态 过去分词 丢失的那枚戒指昨天找 到了。 The 34th Summer Olympic will/shall+ Games will be held in Los 般将来时 be+过去 的被动语态 Angeles in 2028. 分词 2028年，第34届夏季奥运 会将在洛杉矶举办。 have/has+ Our classroom has been 现在完成时 been+过去 cleaned. 的被动语态 分词 我们的教室已经打扫了。 含有情态 情态动词+ The medicine must be 动词的被 be+过去 taken three times a day. 动语态 分词 这种药必须每天服用三次。 考点2被动语态的用法 1.不知道动作的执行者是谁 The window in the classroom was broken yesterday. 昨天，教室的窗户被打破了。 2.没有必要指出动作的执行者 Finally,the thief was caught. 最后，小偷被抓住了。 3.需要强调动作的承受者 These books are written especially for children. 这些书是专门为孩子们写的。 4.被动语态的特殊结构 It is said/reported/believed/known that... 据说/据报道/人们相信/众所周知… 160 被动语态 考点3主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况 1.带双宾语的主动语态变被动语态 谓语动词带双宾语时，既可以将间接宾语 转化成主语，也可以将直接宾语转化成主语。 如果将直接宾语转化成主语，要在间接宾语前 加上介词to或for。 Mike gave me a pen.→ I was given a pen by Mike. (间接宾语me变为主语I) A pen was given to me by Mike. (直接宾语apen变为主语) 拓展》常见的跟双宾语的动词有：give,tell, buy,pass,lend,offer等。 2.感官动词和使役动词的主动语态变被动语态 主动语态中感官动词(see,hear,watch 等)和使役动词(make,let,have等)后跟省略 to的动词不定式，变为被动语态时，要加上to。 The boss makes John work for 12 hours every day. John is made to work for 12 hours every day. 3.动词短语的主动语态变为被动语态 句中谓语动词是动词短语，变为被动语态 时，要注意其完整性。 Jack turned on the TV just now. The TV was turned on by Jack just now. 考点④主动语态表示被动意义 1.look,sound,smel,taste,feel等系动词用 主动结构表示被动意义 This skirt feels soft..这条裙子摸上去很柔软。 2.be worth doing意为“值得做”，表示被动意义 The way is worth trying.这个办法值得尝试。 3.“need/want/require+doing”表示被动意义， 相当于“need/want/require+to be done' My clothes need washing.我的衣服需要洗了。 =My clothes need to be washed. 4.sell,wash,write,cook等词作不及物动词 且其主语是物时，用主动结构表示被动意义 These books sell well..这些书很畅销。 专题精练 I.用所给词的适当形式填空 hen,I 1. move)greatly by your 1.(2025·达州)-World Animal Day is on beauty. Will you be my wife?” October 4th every year. The hen 2. scare)by what the -Many activities (hold)to improve eagle said because the eagle was so strong.Her the relationship between humans and animals husband,the cock had gone out to look for food this day. and her kids had gone away somewhere to play 2.(2025·龙东地区)AI tools (use)in with other children.The hen quickly answered, more fields in the future. "Of course,I will.You 3.admire)by 3.(2025·江西)-I hear that Jingdezhen me for a long time.But let me first grow wings like Porcelain(瓷器) show)in Paris yours,so I can fly as high as you.The eagle last month replied,“OK！This ring4. (send)to -Wow！Good news. you as a sign of our betrothal(订婚)if you can 4.(2025·成都青羊区一模改编)More mistakes marry me."After a short while,the eagle added, can (find)if you go over the paper “The ring should5. (tie)around your carefully for a second time. neck till I return.” 5.The boy take)care of by his The hen 6. (agree)to do so,and grandmother so far. the eagle flew away. 6.（2025·上海奉贤区二模改编)Hamlet When the cock met the hen the next day,he write)by Shakespeare over 400 was surprised to see the ring around her neck.He years ago,yet it remains famous today. said. “Where did you get that ring'？It must 7.(2025·江苏连云港二模)一Would you mind 7 (throw）away.” telling me if he will attend the meeting The hen did this and the cock was cheerful tomorrow? again.But at the weekend,the eagle came again. -He won't,unless he (invite). The frightened hen hid herself behind her door but 8.(2024·达州)一Bob,your room is so dirty.It soon she 8.(find)out.Suddenly the must (clean)every day. eagle cried,"Where is the ring that I gave you? -OK.Mom,I'll do it right now. Why aren't you wearing it?" 9.(2025·南京建邺区二模改编)Time The hen was very scared and said,"Forgive management needs (train）since it me!I lost it yesterday.I was walking in the doesn't happen naturally in the workplace or garden when I met a large snake.I was so school. frightened that I ran fast.When I got home,I 10.（2025·连云港新海实验中学二模)A couldn't find it.” modern sports center (build)in the The eagle looked at the hen angrily and said, city central area.I'm looking forward to it. "I don't believe you.You 9. (hurt)me 11.The English song is well worth (listen) already.I will punish you if you don't marry me.I to again. will catch all your chickens from you.But I 12.John was made wash)the truck for 10. promise)to forgive you only if you a week as a punishment. find my ring.Goodbye!" Ⅱ.语法填空 Ever since,all the hens in the world have Once upon a time,an eagle(老鹰)was been scratching(轻刨)the ground to find the playing when he suddenly saw a beautiful hen. eagle's ring. The eagle came near the hen and said,"My pretty 161专题精练 I.1.can 2.needn't 3.can't 4.may 5.must 6.should 7.must 8.may 9.mustn't 10.could 11.needn't II.1.look through 2.look up 3.looking forward to 4.look after 5.look for 6.put up 7.give up 8.stayed up 9.shown up 10.picked up 11.make up II.1.to cut down 2.fell asleep 3.give away 4.pay attention to protecting 5.You'd better list IV. A 1.introduce 2.started 3.practice 4.improve 5.laughed at 6.giving up 7.have 8.received 9.teaches 10.wishing B 1.ask 2.searching 3.managed 4.wait 5.filled 6.looked through 7.described 8.keeping 9.forget 10.reminded ◆专题八谓语动词的时态◆ 11.finishes 2.plant 3.travels 4.feels 5.sent 6.leaves 7.wakes 考点2I.l.held2.have seen3.has given 3 4.have impressed 5.sent;haven't received 6.has broken 7.has written 8.fell 9.have eaten 10.saw 11.has changed 12.has read II.1.My uncle has been away from his hometown for two years. 2.How long have you had the house? 3.My son has been in the army for two years. 4.Her husband has been dead for three months. 5.The movie has been on for ten minutes. 4 1.is ringing 2.is performing 3.were;doing 5 4.were having 5.didn't answer;was driving 6.was studying 7.packing;is leaving 8.would come;was helping 9.were drinking 10.is singing 考点61.will rain2.will die3.would give 考点74.will know5.would lend6.will be put 7.will go 考点81.had rung2.had known3.has taught 4.have lost 5.had left 6.have prepared 专颧精练 I.1.made 2.have;regretted 3.is raining 4.was cooking 5.will wash 6.hurt 7.has become 8.flew 9.will take 10.is driving 2 11.has won;was put 12.will go;don't have 13.was visiting 14.have made 15.finishes 16.has taken Ⅱ. A 1.was doing 2.are;shouting 3.is 4.decided 5.had finished 6.have done 7.will leave 8.to put B 1.can/will do 2.brought 3.have designed 4.are walking 5.will eat 6.happens 7.was encouraged 8.was showing ◆专题九被动语态◆ 专题精练 I.1.are held 2.will be used 3.was shown 4.be found 5.has been taken 6.was written 7.is invited 8.be cleaned 9.training/to be trained 10.will be built 11.listening 12.to wash II.1.am moved 2.was scared 3.have been admired 4.will be sent 5.be tied 6.agreed 7.be thrown 8.was found 9.have hurt 10.will promise ◆专题十动词的非谓语形式◆ 专题精练 I.1.to volunteer;to join 2.growing 3.to protect 4.going 5.crying 6.to buy 7.eating 8.wasting 9.to arrive 10.Taking 11.attending 12.to visit 13.write;showing 14.running 15.closing 16.to take 17.laugh 18.written;reading 19.to turn 20.to serve 21.seeing 22.to join 23.to finish 24.waiting II.1.To check 2.hearing 3.to have 4.to put 5.to join 6.to save 7.working 8.realizing 9.to make 10.to take ◆专题十一主谓一致◆ 专题精练 I.1.are 2.is 3.is 4.is 5.were invited 6.are killed:has fallen 7.is;have been planted 8.has visited 9.is;are 10.is played 11.were searching 12.was visiting 13.is;come 14.is15.is II.1.Two thirds of the housework is often done by my mother. 2.The number of tourists was over 20,000 yesterday. 3.Neither you nor he has ever written a novel before. 4.There is a kite and two birds in the tree. 5.The Smiths go out for a walk every day.