专题7 动词和动词短语-【中考对策】2026年中考总复习英语（外研版）

专题七 动 考点①系动词助动词和实义动词 1.系动词 系动词后接形容词作表语。 You should keep quiet.你应当保持安静。 类别 例词 表示状态be(是)，seem(似乎，好像)等 表示持续 keep(保持)，stay(保持)，remain(保持不变) look(看起来)，sound(听起来)，smelle(闻 表示感官 起来)，taste(尝起来)，feel(摸起来) 表示状 态变化 become,get,tum,go等 2.助动词 用法 例句 构成否定句或 He doesn't go to school on Sunday. 疑问句 Did you go home last week? 构成时态或被 They have learned English for four years. 动语态 The classroom is cleaned every day. 加强语气 I do hope you will stay for supper. 3.实义动词 分类 例句 They built a house last 及物动词：后面可以直接 跟宾语的动词 year. 去年他们建了一所房子。 The boy is running on the 不及物动词：后面不能直 playground. 接跟宾语，需要先加上介 那个男孩正在操场上 词才能跟宾语的动词 跑步。 注意不及物动词不能用于被动语态。 What happened to the boy? 那个男孩发生了什么事？ 即学即练 I.选词填空 look,sound,taste,feel,smell 1.(2025·上海闵行区二模改编)Is this a photo 146 司和动词短语 of your daughter?She lovely in the pink dress. 2.(2025·甘肃定西诊断模拟)一Welcome to our dinner party.Help yourself to some food, Lucy. —Thanks.It delicious.I want more. 3.-Dad,what's for dinner?It nice! -I'm cooking chicken soup. 4.This piece of music very wonderful. Can you play it again? 5.The scarf soft.I like it very much. Ⅱ.词义辨析 1.(2025·江西景德镇二模)-More and more families can sell/provide/support/ afford)a car now -That's true.But I'm afraid there will be more crowded roads. 2.(2025·上海奉贤区二模)一Song of Autumn by Liu Yuxi describes autumn in a different way. -I agree.Most poets describe this season to excuse/express/expect/explain )a feeling of sadness,but in Liu's eyes autumn is full of life and hope. 3.(2025·安徽马鞍山第七中学一模改编)My left foot was badly hurt in the accident,and the pain rose/raised/increased/added until I couldn't walk any longer. 4.(2025·南京秦淮区二模)Scientists have used energy from the sun to check/ invent/produce/control )drinking water from seawater,helping many people without enough clean water. 5.(2025·厦门同安区二模改编)一Have you watched the show Joy on the Branches(《喜上 枝头》)？ -Sure.The dancers performed/ painted/promised/praised)beautifully like real flying birds. 6.(2025·江西上饶二模)一Don't be so rude. You should (behave/perform/consider/ provide)like a gentleman. -Sorry.I will be more polite. 考点2情态动词 情态动词后跟动词原形一起作谓语，无人 称和数的变化(have to除外)。 表示能力，意为“能；会”。一→ She can swim.她会游泳。 表示许可，意为“可以”。一→ Can I use your pen?我可以用你的钢笔吗？ .can can'表示否定的推测，意为“不可能”。→ That person can't be Mary-she's in hospital. 那个人不可能是玛丽一 她住院了。 拓展》表示“能；会”时，can可与be able to相 互转化，但是can只能用于一般现在时和一般 过去时，而be able to可以用于各种时态。 He can play the piano. =He is able to play the piano.他会弹钢琴。 He will be able to come here tomorrow. 他明天能来这里。 在疑问句中，表示委婉的请求。→ Could you pass me the book? 2.could 请你递给我那本书好吗？ 表推测，意为“可能”。→ I think the train to Jinan could be late. 我认为去济南的火车可能会晚点。 表示主观意愿，意为“必须”。→ You must finish the report by Friday. 你必须周五之前完成这个报告。 mustn't意为“禁止”。 You mustn't drive after drinking wine 酒后禁止开车。 3.must must表示肯定的推测，意为“一定”。 They must be very tired after a long walk. 走了那么长的路，他们一定很累。 一般疑问句的否定回答用needn't或 don't have to。→ -Must I attend the meeting? -No,you needn't/don't have to. 拓展》have to意为“不得不；必须”，表示客观 需要，有人称、时态和数的变化。 -Why is Tom in such a hurry? 汤姆为什么匆匆忙忙的？ -Because he has to catch the last bus home. 因为他不得不乘最后一班公共汽车回家。 表示请求或许可，意为“可以”。 May I go out now?现在我可以出去吗？ 4.may may表示推测，意为“可能”。→ It may rain tomorrow.明天可能会下雨。 注意might意为“可能”时，可能性比may低。 He might be at home.他可能在家。 意为“需要”，常用在否定句或疑问句中。→ You needn't get up early tomorrow. 明天你不必早起。 5.need 般疑问句的肯定回答常用must。→ Need I fill in the form now? -Yes,you must. 拓展》need作实义动词时，有人称、数和时态 的变化。 (1)need后接名词或动词不定式，构成否定句 或疑问句时要借助do,does或did。 He needs to pass the exam. 他需要通过这次考试。 He doesn't need to buy such an expensive gift. =He needn't buy such an expensive gift. 他不必买这么贵重的礼物。 (2)sth.needs doing表示“某事需要被做”，主动 形式表示被动含义，相当于sth.needs to be done。 Your car needs washing. =Your car needs to be washed. 你的车需要洗了。 意为“应当；应该”，表示建议。→ 6.should You should see the doctor at once. 你应当立刻去看医生。 意为“最好”，表示建议或忠告。 You'd better tell me earlier. 你最好早点告诉我。 (7.had better 否定形式：had better not do sth. 最好不要做某事 147 。即学即练选词填空 can,must,should,could,might 1.(2025·上海常明区二模)All passengers wear seat belts during take-off and landing. 2.(2025·南京秦淮区二模)At that time people not see the night sky as clearly as we do now. 3.(2025·成都青羊区一模)一The paper cutting is pretty lively.Who made it? 一t be Amy,but I'm not sure about that. 4.(2024·连云港)Modern medicine is developing quickly and now most eye problems be cured. 5.（2024·上海宝山区一模)We know something about the Youth Protection Law so that we can protect ourselves must,may,can't,needn't,shouldn't,mustn't 6.(2025·天津)You tell Jim the good news because I've told him already. 7.(2025·龙东地区)Chen Li is a friend who I trust all the time.He lie to me. 8.(2025·上海闵行区二模)According to the law,children under the age of 12 ride bicycles in the city. 9.(2025·连云港新海实验中学二模)一MayI go to the cinema,Mom? -Certainly,but you be back by 10 o'clock. 10.(2025·上海长宁区二模)Mary will need a translator when she visits Spain.She speak a single Spanish word. 11.(2024·泸州)-Rebecca,have you decided what to do this Saturday? -Not yet.I volunteer at the old people's home. 12.（2024·西藏)You eat too much food before you go to bed,or it's bad for you. 148 考点3动词短语 1.同一动词型 (1)take短语 take off脱下；起飞 take away拿走 take after长得像 take place发生 take up开始做；占据 take out取出 take care of照顾 take part in参加 take action采取行动 take in吸入 take pride in take down 以…为傲 拆除：往下拽：记录 take sb's place take turns 代替：替换 依次；轮流 (2)look短语 look for寻找 look after照顾 look through浏览 look forward to盼望 look like看起来像 look up查阅；抬头看 look at看着 look out小心 look back回顾 look out of从…向外看 look up to钦佩；仰慕 look down on轻视；瞧不起 (3)put短语 put off推迟 put up举起；张贴；搭建 put out熄灭 put on穿上；上演；增加（体重） put down放下 put away放好 (4)give短语 give up放弃 give away捐赠；赠送 give out分发 give in屈服；让步 (5)get短语 get on上车 get off下车 get up起床；站起 get to到达 get through度过 get used to习惯于 get on with和…相处 get in trouble遇到麻烦 get in the way of get ready for 挡…路；妨碍 为…做准备 get dressed穿好衣服 get lost迷路 (6)turn短语 turn on打开 turn off关闭（电源） turn up调高；出现 turn down调低；拒绝 turn into变成 turn left/ight向左/右转 (7)fa短语 fall asleep fall down 进入梦乡：睡着 突然倒下；跌倒；倒塌 fall in love with爱上；喜欢上 fall over绊倒 (8)make短语 make sure确保；查明 make up组成；编造 make friends结交朋友 make a decision做决定 make a mistake犯错误 make a living谋生 make a difference make one's way 影响：有作用 前往；费力地前进 make progress取得进步 make an effort作出努力 make...feel at home make a wish许愿 使…感到宾至如归 (9)come短语 come true实现 come up with想出 come out出来；出版 come across偶然遇见 come over顺便来访 come back回来 (10)cut短语 cut down砍倒；削减 cut up切碎 cut off切除；切断 cut out删除；删去 (11)go短语 goby(时间)逝去 g0of(闹钟)发出响声 go over仔细检查 go through经历；遭受 g0out外出；熄灭 go ahead继续；干吧 g0on继续 go back回去 (12)keep短语 keep..to oneself保守秘密keep out留在外面 keep...away from keep one's cool 避免接近；远离 沉住气：保持冷静 2.同一介词/副词型 (1)up短语 wake up醒来 fiup修理 cheer up振奋起来 pick up捡起；用车接 set up建立 stay up熬夜 show up出现；露面 grow up长大 dress up装扮；乔装打扮 hurry up赶快 clean up打扫干净 eat up吃光 end up最终成为；最后处于caup打电话：征召 (2)out短语 find out查明；弄清 run out用完；用尽 hand/give out分发 blow out吹灭 work out算出；解决 clear out清理 check out查看 lay out摆开；布置 set out开始；出发 hang out闲逛 leave out不包括；忽略 sell out卖光 bring out使显现；使表现出 point out指出 (3)off短语 kick sb.off开除某人 fall off从…掉下来 set off点燃；使.…爆炸 show off炫耀 shut off关闭；停止运转 clean..of把…擦掉 (4)for短语 pay for为…付钱 wait for等待 leave for动身去 stand for代表 ask for请求 care for照顾；非常喜欢 search for寻找 prepare for为…做准备 provide...for... thanks for 为…提供… 因为…而感谢 (5)from短语 hear from收到…的来信 learn from向.学习 separate from stop/keep/prevent... 与…分离 om..阻止…做… (6)away短语 run away逃走；逃跑 pass away去世 keep..away from远离 throw away扔掉；抛弃 149 (7)down短语 -No,it doesn't fit me any more.I've lie down躺下 die down逐渐变弱 3 kilos this year. count down倒计时 write down写下 5.-Have you heard of the big fire that broke out in a big supermarket? pull down拆下；摧毁 let..down使失望 -Yes.Luckily,some firemen went there in 3.混合型 time and the fire. belong to属于 think over认真考虑 6. your sports shoes.Let's go depend on依靠；依赖 feel like想要 and play basketball now. fall asleep睡着 regard..as把…当作 get off,turn off,take off,go off,cut off laugh at嘲笑 pay attention to注意 7.(2025·上海长宁区二模改编)The boy has to 。即学即练选短语填空 his shoes before getting into the lab. put on,put off,put away,put up,put out 8.(2025·扬州仪征市二模改编)Please 1.（2025·扬州仪征市二模改编)If it rains the lights to save energy tomorrow,the sports meeting will be when you leave the room. 9.Timmy and Andy the bus 2.(2024·蚌埠蚌山区一模)It is bad for your and walked towards the sports center directly. health to look at the screen for a long time. 10.The electricity supply was your phones,and do sports because of the snowstorm. every day! 11.The minute the alarm clock 3.(2024·扬州广陵区一模)The volunteers I got up and took a quick shower. many signs to remind people to 12.-Would you please drive faster?My flight is protect the environment. 4.(2024·毫州谯城区二模)一Are you going to OK.I will do my best,but I must obey the wear the pink dress to the party? traffic rules first. 专题精练 I.选词填空 3.(2025·成都)-I've heard Lucy will join the must,can,should,may,could,can't, art club. mustn't,needn't -It be true.She's already in the basketball club.We can only choose one. 1.(2025·连云港)From April8,pet owners in 4.(2025·哈尔滨虹桥中学二模)一What will China bring their cats or dogs on the weather be like tomorrow? some high-speed trains. 一It 2.(2025·遂宁)-I have no time to buy things be rainy or cloudy,I guess. You'd better take an umbrella. in the supermarket. 5.(2024·乐山)-People wear helmets -Don't worry.You can shop online instead. That way,you waste a lot of time (头盔)when they ride e-bikes according to the traffic rules. going from shop to shop. -Yes.Or they will be punished. 150 6.(2024·无锡)Shh..！This is a library.You keep your voice down. 7.(2024·白银)一You be very tired after finishing all of those hard jobs. -Yes.I'll take a deep rest and make myself comfortable. 8.(2024·南京建邺区一模)一Have you taken the MBTI test to know your personality type? -Not yet.I bean“E”person because I love sharing my thoughts,but I am not sure. 9.(2025·福建莆田二模)To keep safe,you touch the equipment in the lab without permission(允许). 10.The lovely boy ride the bike at the age of six. 11.(2024·马鞍山花山区一模)一Mrs.White, must I return the book tomorrow? -No,you You can keep it for five days. Ⅱ.选短语填空 look after,look through,look up,look forward to,look for 1.(2025·龙东地区改编)I often the weather report on the mobile phone.It shows how the weather will be. 2.(2024·达州)一Coco,Ican't understand the meaning of this word. -You'd better the word in your dictionary. 3.(2024·福建)一Xiao Hai won first prize in our school art festival. -Wonderful！Iam his next performance. 4.（2024·江苏淮安一模)My neighbor often helps me my cat when I am out. 5.It's useless to any excuse for mistakes.Instead,use some ways to correct them. show up,put up,make up,pick up,stay up, give up 6.(2025·连云港)Our class went on a camping trip last Sunday.We our tent near a lake. 7.(2025·重庆)We should never in the face of difficulties. 8.-Last night,I late doing some exercise to keep fit. -Really?If you don't sleep for at least 8 hours,you may put on weight. 9.Lucy promised to come at 8:00,but she has not yet. 10.At the corner the bus stopped and three people. 11.(2025·扬州邗江区二模)一Our teacher asked us to a poem about our school. -I think it's easy for you.You are always good at writing. Ⅲ.根据汉语意思完成句子 1.（2025·徐州铜山区二模改编)新能源汽车的 发明是为了减少空气污染。 New energy cars have been invented air pollution. 2.她太累了，以至于很快就睡着了。 She was so tired that she s00n. 3.（2024·西藏改编)这位老教师将把自己所有 的钱捐给需要帮助的孩子们。 The old teacher will all of his money to the children in need. 4.我们应当注意保护环境。 We should the environment. 5.(2025·上海长宁区二模改编)在我们投票之 前，你最好先列出申请人的名单。 the names of the applicants before we vote. 151 Ⅳ.选词填空 started,improve,received,teaches,giving up, wishing,practice,have,introduce,laughed at 【传统文化】Liu Wenwen holds the first doctorate(博士学位）in suona performance in China.She is using her knowledge to 1. the musical instrument to the world. Liu was born in Jining,Shandong Province. Both of her parents are suona performers.Liu 2. to learn to play the suona at the age of 3 or 4.The sound of the instrument was so loud that it made the neighbors angry when she practiced at home.So her mother woke her up at 4:30 a.m.every day and took her to a nearby park to 3. During summer and winter vacations,her mother took her to Beijing and Shanghai to visit great suona players to take lessons and 4. her skills.She worked very hard. However,some of her classmates 5. her,saying suona was old-fashioned.Liu felt very sad about that.She once considered 6. playing the suona.But her parents,whose families both 7. a long history of playing the suona,insisted(坚持)that their only daughter should carry on the tradition."For my parents,suona is not just a musical instrument. It's about family and history and it runs in their blood,”Liu says. Luckily,Liu didn't give up.Through years of hard work,she went to Shanghai Conservatory of Music(上海音乐学院).In2023she 8. her doctorate in suona performance. Now she understands her parents."I am doing the same thing now and I am proud to tell people that I play the suona,"Liu says. Liu 9. suona at Shanghai Conservatory of Music.She likes talking about suona-playing skills with her students."It's wonderful to see the 152 young people carrying on the cultural heritage( 化遗产).”Also,she often travels to other countries to play the suona,10. foreign people to know more about the traditional Chinese instrument. B managed,looked through,described,reminded, filled,keeping,searching,ask,wait,forget It was a hot summer day and Lily was in her grandmother's old house.As she was exploring the atic(阁楼)，she found a key in a box. Lily quickly went downstairs(顺楼梯而下) to 1. her grandmother about the key. Her grandmother had no idea where the key came from.However,she did tell Lily about a secret room in the house.Nobody had been able to find it.It was a complete mystery. Lily spent the rest of the day 2. for a hidden door.She wanted to be the first to find the secret room.Before the sun went down,she found a loose floorboard(松动的地板)in the corner of the living room.She 3. to open it and discovered stairs leading down to a room. Feeling excited Lily couldn't 4. to use the key to unlock the door at the foot of the stairs.What she found inside took her breath away.The room was 5. with ancient treasures.Among them,she found a diary of her great-great-grandmother.She 6. the diary.It 7. how her ancestors had collected these treasures and kept them safe. In the following days,Lily and her grandmother spent a lot of time 8. these treasures in order.And they had a deeper understanding of their family's past. Lily would never 9. that day.The key led her to a hidden world of treasures and secrets and 10. her that the history matters a lot in the present.专题精练 I.1.hers 2.him 3.her 4.himself 5.nobody 6.yourself 7.Nothing 8.them 9.mine 10.themselves 11.its 12.ourselves 13.their 14.herself 15.yours 16.anything II.1.Neither 2.both 3.Either 4.None 5.All 6.the other 7.another 8.the others 9.others 10.it 11.one 12.it 13.that 14.those 15.ones III.1.heard 2.was hiding 3.him 4.it 5.my 6.his 7.Finally 8.us 9.friends 10.ourselves IV.1-3 DBC ◆专题四数词◆ 专题精练 I.1.first 2.second 3.thousands 4.third 5.20/twenty 6.twelve;twelfth 7.hundreds;hundred 8.sixties 9.ninth 10.One fifth;are 11.three fourths/quarters;is covered 12.fortieth;forty 13.eighth 14.fourth 15.two fifths 16.two thirds 17.650 II.1.the third 2.brother's twelfth 3.Thousands of 4.Seventy/70 percent;ride 5.in the 1990s 6.two-week 7.three meters deep 8.another ten/ten more IlI.1.forties 2.ninth 3.third 4.hundred 5.Thousands 6.fifths ·专题五介词和介词短语◆ 考点11.in2.at3.for4.on5.until6.in7.on 8.during 考点21.in2.across3.through4.between5,in 考点31.by2.with3.by4.in5.on 4 1.except 2.with 3.without 4.for 5.Besides 6.like 考点5I.1.in2.from3.for4.with5.To;in II.1.at first 2.instead of 3.as usual 4.by mistake 5.in silence 专题精练 I.1.In 2.of 3.in 4.without 5.except 6.across 7.With 8.on 9.since 10.to 11.for 12.to 13.for;of 14.for 15.In 16.by 17.in 18.against 19.Besides 20.until 21.for II.1.share;with 2.strict with 3.in public 4.didn't;until 5.by practicing lI.1.among/with 2.of 3.of 4.by 5.as 6.with 7.of 8.At 9.for 10.in 11.with 12.of 13.by 14.for 15.in ◆专题六形容词和副词◆ 考点1I.1.friendly2.noisy3.surprised 4.dangerous 5.impolite 6.creative 7.natural 8.worried 9.asleep 10.unusual II.1.honest 2.private 3.brave 4.alive 5.silent 2 I.1.wisely 2.politely 3.truly 4.good;well 5.Luckily II.1.especially 2.even 3.never 4.easily 5.nearly 考点31.easier2.more convenient3.clearly 4.cheaper 5.largest 6.more;healthier 7.funniest 8.most famous 9.worse;worse 10.thinner 专题精练 I.1.traditional 2.easily 3.widely 4.wooden 5.comfortably 6.valuable 7.impossible 8.dangerous 9.exciting 10.sadly 11.friendly 12.proud 13.luckily 14.careless 15.unfair 16.thankful 17.natural 18.lazier 19.the most famous 20.hotter 21.good 22.the most expensive 23.less;more 24.farther 25.more careful;more easily 26.more carefully II.1.worried 2.finally 3.practical 4.quickly 5.polite 6.popular 7.thirsty 8.smooth 9.hardly 10.especially Ⅲ. A 1.traditional 2.disappointed 3.harder 4.best 5.final 6.beautiful 7.sunny 8.including 9.more 10.really B 1.silent 2.afraid 3.terrible 4.best 5.worried 6.clear 7.well 8.asleep 9.tired 10.more hard-working ◆专题七动词和动词短语◆ 考点1I.1.looks2.tastes3.smells4.sounds 5.feels II.1.afford 2.express 3.increased 4.produce 5.performed 6.behave 考点21.must2.could3.might4.can5.should 6.needn't 7.can't 8.mustn't 9.must 10.can't 11.may 12.shouldn't 考点31.put off2.Put away3.put up4.put on 5.put out 6.Put on 7.take off 8.turn off 9.got off 10.cut off 11.went off 12.taking off 专题精练 I.1.can 2.needn't 3.can't 4.may 5.must 6.should 7.must 8.may 9.mustn't 10.could 11.needn't II.1.look through 2.look up 3.looking forward to 4.look after 5.look for 6.put up 7.give up 8.stayed up 9.shown up 10.picked up 11.make up II.1.to cut down 2.fell asleep 3.give away 4.pay attention to protecting 5.You'd better list IV. A 1.introduce 2.started 3.practice 4.improve 5.laughed at 6.giving up 7.have 8.received 9.teaches 10.wishing B 1.ask 2.searching 3.managed 4.wait 5.filled 6.looked through 7.described 8.keeping 9.forget 10.reminded ◆专题八谓语动词的时态◆ 11.finishes 2.plant 3.travels 4.feels 5.sent 6.leaves 7.wakes 考点2I.l.held2.have seen3.has given 3 4.have impressed 5.sent;haven't received 6.has broken 7.has written 8.fell 9.have eaten 10.saw 11.has changed 12.has read II.1.My uncle has been away from his hometown for two years. 2.How long have you had the house? 3.My son has been in the army for two years. 4.Her husband has been dead for three months. 5.The movie has been on for ten minutes. 4 1.is ringing 2.is performing 3.were;doing 5 4.were having 5.didn't answer;was driving 6.was studying 7.packing;is leaving 8.would come;was helping 9.were drinking 10.is singing 考点61.will rain2.will die3.would give 考点74.will know5.would lend6.will be put 7.will go 考点81.had rung2.had known3.has taught 4.have lost 5.had left 6.have prepared 专颧精练 I.1.made 2.have;regretted 3.is raining 4.was cooking 5.will wash 6.hurt 7.has become 8.flew 9.will take 10.is driving 2 11.has won;was put 12.will go;don't have 13.was visiting 14.have made 15.finishes 16.has taken Ⅱ. A 1.was doing 2.are;shouting 3.is 4.decided 5.had finished 6.have done 7.will leave 8.to put B 1.can/will do 2.brought 3.have designed 4.are walking 5.will eat 6.happens 7.was encouraged 8.was showing ◆专题九被动语态◆ 专题精练 I.1.are held 2.will be used 3.was shown 4.be found 5.has been taken 6.was written 7.is invited 8.be cleaned 9.training/to be trained 10.will be built 11.listening 12.to wash II.1.am moved 2.was scared 3.have been admired 4.will be sent 5.be tied 6.agreed 7.be thrown 8.was found 9.have hurt 10.will promise ◆专题十动词的非谓语形式◆ 专题精练 I.1.to volunteer;to join 2.growing 3.to protect 4.going 5.crying 6.to buy 7.eating 8.wasting 9.to arrive 10.Taking 11.attending 12.to visit 13.write;showing 14.running 15.closing 16.to take 17.laugh 18.written;reading 19.to turn 20.to serve 21.seeing 22.to join 23.to finish 24.waiting II.1.To check 2.hearing 3.to have 4.to put 5.to join 6.to save 7.working 8.realizing 9.to make 10.to take ◆专题十一主谓一致◆ 专题精练 I.1.are 2.is 3.is 4.is 5.were invited 6.are killed:has fallen 7.is;have been planted 8.has visited 9.is;are 10.is played 11.were searching 12.was visiting 13.is;come 14.is15.is II.1.Two thirds of the housework is often done by my mother. 2.The number of tourists was over 20,000 yesterday. 3.Neither you nor he has ever written a novel before. 4.There is a kite and two birds in the tree. 5.The Smiths go out for a walk every day.