专题5 介词和介词短语-【中考对策】2026年中考总复习英语（外研版）

专题五 介i 考点①时间介词 1.in,on与at 词汇 用法 例子 用于世纪、年、季节、 in 月份或泛指在上午、 in 2023,in summer, in March,in the morning 下午、晚上之前 用于具体的某一天on June2nd, on 或某一天的上午、下on Sunday, 午、晚上之前 on a cold morning 用于具体的时间点 at seven,at noon, at 之前或在黎明、正 at night 午、黄昏或午夜 2.since与for 词汇 用法 例句 Mr.Black has taught in our 后接过去某一时间， school since 2019. since 常用于现在完成时 布莱克先生从2019年起 就在我们学校教书。 后接一段时间，表示I have lived here for nearly for 动作持续多久，常用twenty years..我已经在这 于现在完成时 里住了将近20年。 3.in,after与before 词汇 用法 例句 “in+一段时间”与 I'll go abroad in two in 将来时连用，表示 years.两年后我要出国。 “…之后” “after+一段时间/ He went to Beijing after after 时间点”表示 three days. “…之后” 三天后他去了北京 Wash hands before meals. before “在…之前” 饭前要洗手。 4.untl,by与during 词汇 用法 例句 用于肯定句中，意为 I will wait until tomorrow until “直到…为止”，谓 我会一直等到明天。 语动词用延续性动词 司和介词短语 The war didn't come to 用于否定句中，意为 an end until 1945. until “直到…才”，谓语 直到1945年战争才 动词用非延续性动词 结束。 We must arrive at the “by+时间点”意为 airport by 8:00 a.m. by “到…为止；不迟tomorrow.. 于；在…前” 我们必须在明天早上8 点之前到达机场。 The phone rang three times during the during意为“在…期间” meeting.会议期间电话 响了三次。 ·即学即练用介词填空 1.(2025·云南改编)Kunming in Yunnan becomes a sea of flowers spring. 2.(2025·扬州仪征市二模改编)The exam will start 9:00 a.m.Don't be late! 3.(2025·徐州铜山区二模改编)When we got to the cinema out of breath,the film had been on about 10 minutes. 4.（2025·福建莆田二模)The9 th Asian Winter Games Harbin 2025 opened February 7th. 5.(2025·成都武侯区一模改编)一Is that boy over there Andy? -No,it can't be him.He won't be back from a study tour next Friday. 6.(2024·河北)Hurry up,Nancy！The meeting will start ten minutes. 7.(2025·佳木斯桦川县二模改编)一Can you come to my party Saturday evening? -Sure,I'd love to. 8.(2025·南京建邺区二模)We can learn a lot about the present situation of animals the Animals Week. 133 考点2方位介词 1.in,on,at与to 词汇 用法 例子 后接大地点 in China在中国； (国家、省、城 in Nanjing在南京 in 市等) 表示在某一范China is in the east of Asia. 围之内 中国在亚洲东部。 两个不同的个 Russia is on the north of China on 体相邻或接壤 俄罗斯在中国的北边。 后接小地点 at the station在车站； at (车站、电影 at home在家 院、家等) 两个个体之间Shandong is to the east of to 有一定距离 Shanxi..山东在山西的东边。 图解助记 ® A in on to 2.on,over, under,above与below 词汇 图示 含义 例句 在…上面 The keys are on on the table. (有接触) 钥匙在桌子上。 There are several 在…（正）上 over bridges over the river 方（无接触） 河上有几座桥。 The boat sailed under 在…（正） under the bridge. 下方 船在桥下行驶 在…上方 The plane flew above O above (在某个标 the clouds..飞机在云 准线以上) 层上方飞行。 The 在…下方 temperature dropped below zero below (在某个标 yesterday.昨天温度 准线以下) 降到了零度以下。 3.between与among(见本书第一编) 4.across, through,over与past(见本书第一编)》 134 5.in front of,in the front of behind 词汇 用法 例句 There's a tree in front in front “在…（外部）的前 of the house.房子的 of 面”，反义词是behind 前面有一棵树。 “在…（内部）的前 I sit in the front of in the 面”，反义词是at thet the classroom. front of back of 我坐在教室的前面。 There's a garden behind “在…的后面” behind the house. 在房子的后面有 个花园。 ·即学即练用介词填空 1.On the map we can see that Taiwan lies the southeast of China. 2.Can you swim the river in 10 minutes? 3.（2025·南京建邺区二模)Nanjing Metro Line 7 passes key areas such as Qixia District,Gulou District,and Jianye District. 4.Look!The Greens are taking a family photo and the little boy is standing his father and his uncle. 5.-Do I need to recite the speech? -Not really.These AR(增强现实)glasses will show every word front of you. 考点3方式介词 by,in,on与with 词汇 用法 例子 “通过”，后接抽象的 动作 learn by listening “乘”，后接交通工具 by plane “用”，后接语言、原材in Chinese, in 料、声音、方法等 in this way “通过”，后接通讯工具 on work on the computer 或电子产品 “用”，后接工具或身体cut with a knife, with 部位 see with my eyes 。即学即练用介词填空 1.(2025·云南)Most students in our school go home bus on weekends. 2.(2025·成都武侯区一模改编)To make paper cutting,we need to fold the paper before it is cut ScIssors. 3.(2025·扬州仪征市二模改编)一Did you draw this picture yourself? -Yes,I learned it watching videos. 4.This story is written simple English. My little sister can read it. 5.My father took a photo of the sunset his mobile phone. 考点④其他常考介词 1.with 含义 例句 拥有：带有 I'd like a house with a garden. 我想要一个带有花园的房子。 和…一起 He went to the museum with Tom. 他跟汤姆一起去了博物馆。 With the development of the society, people pay more attention to their 随着；由于 health.随着社会的发展，人们更加关 注自身的健康。 2.for 含义 例句 “给”， Here is a letter for you. 后接对象 这是给你的一封信。 “为了”， They went out for a walk. 表示目的 他们出去散步了。 “因为”， Thanks for your help. 表示原因 谢谢你的帮助。 I've lived here for ten years. (时间、距 离、数量 我住在这儿10年了。 He walked for 3 miles. 等)达；计 他走了3英里路。 Reading in bed is bad for your eyes. 对：对于 在床上看书对你的眼睛有害。 支持 Are you for the plan?你支持这个计划吗？ 3.except,besides与except for(见本书第一编) 4.against 含义 例句 表示“反对”，与“支持He voted against the (or)”相对，指不赞同某 plan.他投票反对这个 人/某事 计划。 表示“靠着”，指物体接触 The ladder is against the 并依靠在另一物体表面 wall.梯子靠着墙。 We need warm clothes 表示“防备”，指为应对可 能的危险、困难等做准备 against the cold.我们需 要暖和的衣服御寒。 Our team will play 表示“与…竞争”，指在 against theirs tomorrow. 比赛、竞争中对抗另一方 我们队明天将和他们队 比赛。 5.without 表示否定，意为“没有；不”。 My father went to work without having breakfast today.今天我爸爸没有吃早饭就去上班了。 6.like 作介词时，意为“像；如同”。 I think a friend is like a mirror. 我认为朋友就像一面镜子。 ·即学即练用介词填空 1.(2024·眉山)Everyone is here Alan, because he is still ill in hospital. 2.(2025·上海青浦区二模)n Chenghuang Miao area,there is a lake a pavilion (亭)in its middle. 3.(2024·赣州大余县南安中学一模)一She practiced running so hard every day that she finally became a professional runner. -A dream can't come true hard work! 4.Wild animals are our friends.We shouldn't kill them food or clothes. 5. apples,the fruit shop also sells oranges and bananas. 6.My teacher is a friend to me.She likes to play chess with me after class. 135 考点⑤介词短语 1.介词+名词 in silence沉默地 in public当众 in class在课堂上 in fact事实上 in trouble处于困境中 in surprise惊奇地 in total总共 in person亲自 in the end最后 in danger处于危险中 in the future在未来 in the daytime在白天 in general通常 on show展出 on foot步行 on vacation在度假 on business出差 on duty值班；值日 on sale打折销售 on the left/ight在左边/右边 at night在晚上 at birth出生时 by mistake错误地 by accident偶然地 2.be+形容词+介词 be angry with sb. be busy with sth. 生某人的气 忙于某事 be interested in be surprised at 对…感兴趣 对…感到惊讶 be famous for/as be good for 因/作为…而出名 对…有好处 be different from be proud of 与…不同 对…感到骄傲 be good at擅长 be late for迟到 be similar to be strict with 与…相似 对…要求严格 be afraid of害怕 be full of充满 3.动词+介词 agree with同意 ask for请求 look after照顾 look for寻找 think about思考；考虑 worry about担心 wait for等待 laugh at嘲笑 hear of听说 hear from收到…的信 136 4.其他短语 to one's surprise to one's joy 令某人惊讶的是 令某人高兴的是 at last最后；终于 with one's help 在某人的帮助下 at least至少 at once立刻；马上 thanks to由于；多亏 according to根据；按照 because of因为；由于 instead of代替；而不是 as usual像往常一样 at first首先；最初 。即学即练 I.用介词填空 1.(2025·成都金牛区一模改编)一No more e- mails.We need to discuss this event person. -I agree.Compared to e-mails,it's more direct and convenient for communication. 2.(2025·厦门二模改编)一My history teacher always listens to our ideas,even when they're different hers. -That's great!She really deserves respect for treating students equally(平等地). 3.(2025·江西新余二模改编)-I'm not sure how I can work out the problem. -You can ask your teacher help. 4.(2024·齐齐哈尔)-It's time to graduate.We should say“Thanks'”to our teachers. -I think so.We have made great progress the teachers'help. 5 my surprise,the twins have nothing common. Ⅱ.选短语填空 instead of,as usual,in silence,at first,by mistake 1.（2024·阜阳临泉县一模)It's difficult to learn a new language but if you practice more,you will finally speak it well. 2.Miss Wang is ill.I'll teach you her. 3.(2024·淮北五校联考二模)一Jack is always the first to arrive at school every day. taken it -Yes,but he didn't do it 5.All the students listened today,and he was late when the teacher was telling the news about the 4.I can't find my umbrella.Someone must have flight accident. 专题精练 I.用介词填空 10.（2025·阜阳重，点中学大联考改编)Thanks 1.（2024·南京) 2016,the AI program trees,we can avoid the sun damage Alphago beat a human at the ancient game greatly,especially in hot summer. of Go. 11.(2025·南京建邺区二模改编)Wolves are 2.(2025·达州改编)-What kind of music do known their team spirit because they you like? often work as a group. -I like music that I can dance to.When I hear 12.(2025·成都金牛区二模改编)In Chinese the songs,I'm full energy. culture,it's polite to offer a cup of tea 3.(2025·天津改编)When you are guests when they visit the home. danger,you should keep calm and try to find 13.(2024·滨州)-I miss Bill very much as we some help. haven't seen each other two years. 4.(2025·齐齐哈尔改编)Music is part of my -Me,too.Whenever I see the photo,it life.In my opinion,life music could reminds me the happy days we spent be empty and meaningless. together. 5.(2025·泸州改编)Maddie liked everything 14.(2024·临夏州)The health website provides about her new house the little smelly a lot of useful advice teenagers. pond(水池)in the back garden.“Terrible,” 15.-How soon will the bridge be finished? she said,holding her nose. a few months. 6.(2025·眉山改编)For the first time,the son 16.(2024·滁州二模)Each of us is amazing. carries his father a cold river to the For example,my cousin can make a living other side. writing. 7.（2025·山西改编) this“translator”, 17.(2025·山西改编)Many think good manners the machine can understand the thoughts from stop them from doing what they want,but the brain and act. fact they give you a social advantage. 8.(2025·上海长宁区二模)We all know 18.-It's raining heavily outside.May I push my Thanksgiving Day is celebrated the bicycle into your house? fourth Thursday of each November. -Sure.But please put it the wall 9.(2025·宿迁泗洪县一模改编)一Mike,you so that it won't take up too much space. are late.The talk show has been over 19. milk and cheese,we also need an hour ago. some vegetables and fruit for our salad. -What a pity!No wonder all the students have 20.Jack's mother didn't wake him up left. nine this morning. 137 21.(2025·云南)Please don't be late school.It's a rule Ⅱ.根据汉语意思完成句子 1.(2025·连云港改编)一位老师发起了一个 “每日一诗”的项目，旨在与世界分享中国 文化。 A teacher started an“A Poem A Day”program to Chinese culture the world. 2.(2025·扬州江都区二模改编)我不能理解为 什么他们对孩子们如此严格。 I can't understand why they are so the children. 3.公共场合禁止吸烟。 Smoking isn't allowed 4.直到昨天，他们才知道考试的结果。 They know the result of the exam yesterday. 5.他通过每天练习提高了钢琴技巧。 He improved his piano skills every day. Ⅲ.用介词填空 If you're looking for a classic pizza,the Hawaiian pizza will be your best choice. The Hawaiian pizza is very popular 1. customers,especially those from the Western countries.The pizza is made 2. thin bread,with tomato sauce ()cheese and pineapple(菠萝)on the top,so it tastes sour and sweet. Nearly all people think the Hawaiian pizza was invented in Hawaii because 3. its 138 name.However,it was actually invented in Ontario,Canada 4. a Canadian named Sam Panopoulos in the 1960s.Lots of pizza lovers consider Sam Panopoulos 5. their hero because he created the most delicious pizza. Sam Panopoulos created the Hawaiian pizza at the Satellite Restaurant.Sam Panopoulos was born in1934 in a small town of Greece(希腊). When he was young,his dream was to be a professional cook.To achieve his dream,he opened several restaurants 6. his brothers after his family moved from Greece to Canada. In 1962,Sam Panopoulos decided to add canned(罐装的)pineapple to a pizza at one 7. his restaurants.8. that time,he was the first person to put pineapple on a pizza."We just did that 9. fun to see how it was going to taste,"Sam Panopoulos told the BBC 10. February,2017. After Sam Panopoulos came up 11. the idea,he did lots 12. experiments (实验)to develop the new product.Soon,the number of people who loved their new product increased quickly,so Sam Panopoulos put it on the menu.As we see,the Hawaiian pizza wasn't invented 13. mistake.Sam Panopoulos' restaurant has served the Hawaiian pizza 14. a long time. Not only the local people but also those from other countries have fallen 15. love with the taste of the Hawaiian pizza.专题精练 I.1.hers 2.him 3.her 4.himself 5.nobody 6.yourself 7.Nothing 8.them 9.mine 10.themselves 11.its 12.ourselves 13.their 14.herself 15.yours 16.anything II.1.Neither 2.both 3.Either 4.None 5.All 6.the other 7.another 8.the others 9.others 10.it 11.one 12.it 13.that 14.those 15.ones III.1.heard 2.was hiding 3.him 4.it 5.my 6.his 7.Finally 8.us 9.friends 10.ourselves IV.1-3 DBC ◆专题四数词◆ 专题精练 I.1.first 2.second 3.thousands 4.third 5.20/twenty 6.twelve;twelfth 7.hundreds;hundred 8.sixties 9.ninth 10.One fifth;are 11.three fourths/quarters;is covered 12.fortieth;forty 13.eighth 14.fourth 15.two fifths 16.two thirds 17.650 II.1.the third 2.brother's twelfth 3.Thousands of 4.Seventy/70 percent;ride 5.in the 1990s 6.two-week 7.three meters deep 8.another ten/ten more IlI.1.forties 2.ninth 3.third 4.hundred 5.Thousands 6.fifths ·专题五介词和介词短语◆ 考点11.in2.at3.for4.on5.until6.in7.on 8.during 考点21.in2.across3.through4.between5,in 考点31.by2.with3.by4.in5.on 4 1.except 2.with 3.without 4.for 5.Besides 6.like 考点5I.1.in2.from3.for4.with5.To;in II.1.at first 2.instead of 3.as usual 4.by mistake 5.in silence 专题精练 I.1.In 2.of 3.in 4.without 5.except 6.across 7.With 8.on 9.since 10.to 11.for 12.to 13.for;of 14.for 15.In 16.by 17.in 18.against 19.Besides 20.until 21.for II.1.share;with 2.strict with 3.in public 4.didn't;until 5.by practicing lI.1.among/with 2.of 3.of 4.by 5.as 6.with 7.of 8.At 9.for 10.in 11.with 12.of 13.by 14.for 15.in ·专题六形容词和副词· 考点1 I.1.friendly 2.noisy 3. surprised 4.dangerous 5.impolite 6.creative 7.natural 8.worried 9.asleep 10.unusual Ⅱ.1.honest 2. private 3. brave 4. alive 5.silent 考点2 I.1.wisely 2.politely 3. truly 4.good； well 5.Luckily Ⅱ.1.especially 2.even 3.never 4.easily 5.nearly 考点3 1.easier 2.more convenient 3.clearly 4.cheaper 5.largest 6.more； healthier 7.funniest 8.most famous 9.worse； worse 10.thinner 专题精练 I.1.traditional 2.easily 3.widely 4.wooden 5.comfort ably 6.valuable 7. impossible 8.dangerous 9.exciting 10.sadly 11.friendly 12.proud 13.luckily 14.careless 15. unfair 16.thankful 17.natural 18.lazier 19.the most famous 20.hotter 21.good 22.the most expensive 23.less； more 24.farther 25.more careful； more easily 26.more carefully Ⅱ.1.worried 2.finally 3. practical 4. quickly 5.polite 6.popular 7.thirsty 8.smooth 9.hardly 10.especially A 1.traditional 2.disappointed 3.harder 4.best 5.final 6.beautiful 7.sunny 8.including 9.more 10.really B 1.silent 2.afraid 3.terrible 4.best 5.worried 6.clear 7.well 8.asleep 9. tired 10.more hard-working ·专题七动词和动词短语 考点1 I.1.looks 2. tastes 3.smells 4.sounds 5.feels Ⅱ.1.afford 2.express 3.increased 4.produce 5.performed 6.be have 考点2 1.must 2.could 3.might 4.can 5.should 6.need nt 7.can't 8.must nt 9.must 10.cant 11.may 12.should n't 考点3 1.put off 2.Put away 3.put up 4. put on 5.put out 6.Put on 7. take off 8.turn off 9.got off 10.cut off 11.went off 12. taking off