内容正文:
2025年高考全国II卷
语法填空
I was born and raised in Cleveland, Ohio in the United States. Yet now, I live in the countryside of Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____56____ bamboo and tea bushes (灌木) grow wild in the mountains, chickens are always free-range, and ____57____ (center) heating doesn’t exist.
Nothing in my life before prepared me ____58____ this one—and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area. But it’s amazing how you can adapt ____59____ learn in a new environment. Over time, I’ve found ____60____ (I) feeling extremely at home here. And in the process, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” of freshly sunned clothes ____61____ (be) one of them.
Growing up,my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance ____62____ (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the ____63____ (absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky ____64____ (afternoon) with lots of fresh air.
If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt ____65____ (leave) to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
一、语篇分析
教育部教育考试院在《2025年高考英语全国卷试题评析》中明确指出:全国二卷语法填空语篇通过一名定居中国的美籍女士对其在浙江乡间晾衣后感受到“阳光的味道”的经历和充满感情的描述,展现中国人善用自然之力创造诗意栖居的生活智慧。
(一)文体与结构分析
文体:记叙文
结构特点:由外到内(环境 → 感受),由过去到现在(对比 → 适应 → 新发现),层层递进,结尾有升华。
段落
功能
内容概要
第1段
背景介绍
+ 对比
作者从美国克利夫兰搬到中国浙江农村,描述当地自然与生活差异(竹子、茶、散养鸡、无集中供暖)。
第2段
适应过程
+ 主题引入
虽初来不适,但逐渐适应,引出“阳光晒衣的香味”这一惊喜体验。
第3段
过去经历对比
童年时美国家庭不用晾衣绳,错过晒衣香,如今在中国因无雾霾、蓝天多而享受到这种香味。
第4段
总结与呼吁
如果没体验过晒衣香,就错过了生活的一大奇迹。
(二)语言特点
1.词汇:简洁、地道、生活化。如日常用词:free-range, heating, clothesline, smog, fresh air;文化词:central heating (集中供暖), sunshine scent(阳光的味道)。
2.句式:长短结合,口语化叙事。如短句“Nothing in my life before prepared me for this one”;长句“ ...Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, where bamboo and tea bushes grow wild... ”
3.修辞表达:如对比(contrast):Cleveland(城市) vs. the countryside of Zhejiang(乡村);烘干机vs.自然晾晒(sun-dried);never imagined→feel at home
4.感官描写:sunshine scent, sweet, smell especially pleasant等,侧重描写嗅觉细节。
二、教考衔接
该语篇与外研版(2019)教材的多个单元存在紧密关联,体现了“教考衔接”的命题原则。
1. 话题契合
必修第一册Unit 6 At One with Nature 该单元的主题语境为“人与自然——人与自然和谐相处”,从因纽特人生活方式的介绍切入,引导学生辩证地思考人与环境的关系,了解世界不同地区人们的生活、传统与文化。这与该语篇中美籍作者适应浙江乡村生活的主题高度吻合。
必修第二册Unit 6 Earth First 该单元涉及的主题包括“环保从我做起”“关爱地球、保护环境”等。该语篇的核心意象“阳光的味道”(sunshine scent)背后蕴含着深刻的生态意识:
“the absence of smog” 与Earth First单元倡导的环保理念一脉相承;“plenty of blue sky afternoons with lots of fresh air” 与中国美丽乡村建设、生态文明建设相呼应;“sunning clothes for an entire day“ (利用阳光晾晒衣物)体现利用自然能源的智慧,与单元倡导的低碳环保生活理念高度一致。
必修第二册Unit 4 Stage and Screen 本单元借助《哈姆雷特》、京剧等艺术形式让学生感受文化差异与融合。此语篇则把这一主题延伸到日常生活——美籍作者对比中美晾衣方式(烘干机 vs. 自然晾晒),讲述自己从不适到适应、最终欣赏中国乡村生活的过程。两者都经历了“从差异到理解、从陌生到欣赏”的心理变化,培养学生的跨文化包容意识。
必修第三册 Unit1 Knowing me, knowing you 本单元和此语篇都指向“认识并完善自我、学会与环境和谐共处”的内核,教材聚焦常规人际交往,语篇则呈现与陌生文化环境相处的跨文化适应过程;语篇中作者从“never imagined I would ever feel comfortable”到“adapt and learn”再到“find myself feeling at home here”的情感转变曲线,正是教材所倡导的情绪管理与自我调节策略在真实跨文化情境中的实践;最终,语篇作者完成从陌生不适到欣赏的自我成长闭环,与单元“认识自我、尊重文化差异”的育人目标高度一致。
2. 语法匹配
语法点
教材
定语从句
必修一Unit4&Unit5&Unit6 定语从句
非谓语动词
必修二 Unit3--Unit5&必修三 Unit1-Unit2 非谓语动词作主宾表定状补成分
词性转换
必修一 Unit2 构词法
主谓一致
选择性必修三 Unit3&Unit4 主谓一致
3. 能力衔接
语篇理解能力:外研版教材大量使用真实语境语篇(博客、日记、信件等),本文即为第一人称叙事博客风格。
文化意识:教材中有多篇“中外生活对比”文章(如住宿、饮食、节日),本文对比了城市/乡村、中美生活习惯,属于典型跨文化理解素材。
三、答案详解
56.答案:where
【解析】 考查定语从句。空格前是地点名词 the countryside of Zhejiang,空格后是一个完整句子(bamboo... grow wild)。定语从句中,先行词表示“地点”,从句中缺少地点状语(在那里……生长),因此用关系副词 where。
【方法指导】定语从句解题三步:①找先行词(人/物/时间/地点/原因);②看从句:缺主宾表→关系代词;不缺主宾表且作状语→关系副词;③先行词表地点+作地点状语→where。
57.答案:central
【解析】 考查词性转换。修饰名词 heating 需用形容词;名词center/centre 变为形容词central; central heating 为固定搭配“集中供暖”。
【方法指导】词性转换(名词→形容词)思路:① 空格后为名词,优先考虑用形容词作定语;
② 熟记常见后缀:n.→adj:-al、-ful、-ive。
58.答案:for
【解析】考查固定介词搭配。固定短语 prepare sb. for sth. 使某人为……做好准备,故填 for。
【方法指导】介词填空题通用思路:①熟记高中高频固定搭配、动词短语;②前后都是名词/动词,无连词,优先考虑固定搭配介词;③ 重点记忆:prepare for、account for、thanks to、contribute to 等常考搭配。
59.答案:and
【解析】考查并列连词。前后两个谓语动词 adapt 与 learn 为并列顺承关系,用并列连词 and。
【方法指导】前后词性/结构对称、无主从关系→并列连词;递进/顺承用and,转折用but,选择用or。
60.答案:myself
【解析】考查反身代词。主语为 I,宾语与主语指代同一人;固定结构 find oneself doing,填 myself。
【方法指导】代词解题技巧:①主语宾语指代同一主体,用反身代词;②熟记搭配:enjoy oneself、find oneself doing、devote oneself to;③根据主语人称对应变换。
61.答案:is
【解析】考查时态与主谓一致。主语 The “sunshine scent” 为不可数名词,视作单数;全文主体为一般现在时,谓语用 is。
【方法指导】谓语动词解题四步:①判断是不是谓语(有无连词,有无主句);②确定时态:看全文基调、客观事实多用一般现在时;③找准主语(去掉修饰成分),判断单复数;④主谓一致,匹配形式。
62.答案:to discover
【解析】考查非谓语动词。固定结构 the chance to do sth. 不定式作后置定语,填 to discover。
【方法指导】名词后无连词 → 非谓语作定语;表示机会、能力、权利等 “未来可能性” 的抽象名词,后多用 to do。
63.答案:absence
【解析】考查词性转换。定冠词 the 后接名词;形容词absent转换为名词 absence,the absence of ……的缺乏。
【方法指导】熟记词形变换:adj.→n.
absent→absence(注意拼写:-t 变 -ce);present→presence;different→difference
64.答案:afternoons
【解析】考查名词单复数。表泛指多个美好的午后,可数名词 afternoon 变复数 afternoons。
【方法指导】可数名词无限定词表泛指,或表示 “多个、经常性”,用复数。
65.答案:left
【解析】考查非谓语动词。a sheet or shirt和leave(被放置晾晒)是被动关系,用过去分词 left 作后置定语。
【方法指导】逻辑主语与动词为被动 / 完成关系 → 用过去分词作定语
四、语言积累
(一)重点单词
1. 核心名词
countryside:乡村(理解城乡对比类文章高频词)
scent:香味,宜人气味(是描写感官体验的高级词汇,如the sweet scent of flowers;注意区分smell/odor 中性/难闻)
clothesline:晾衣绳(文化差异类文章中可能出现的生活细节词汇)
smog:雾霾(环保话题作文高频词,如fight against smog)
wonder:奇迹,奇观(一词多义:v. ①想知道 ②觉得惊奇 n.①惊讶 ②奇观 ③奇才)
absence:缺失,缺乏(反义词为presence; 其形容词形式是absent)
2. 核心动词
adapt:适应(一词多义:v. ①(使)适应 ②改编,改写;派生词:adaptation,adaptable;可用于“适应新环境”话题,如adapt to a new culture/environment)
sun:晒太阳(熟词生义:名词作动词用,意为“使……晒太阳”)
deny:拒绝给予(一词多义:①否认,否定;②拒绝承认,拒绝接受;③拒绝给予)
3. 核心形容词/副词
free-range:放养的(与生态养殖相关,与cage-raised形成对比)
sun-dried:太阳晒干的(复合形容词,n.-v.-ed结构,如hand-made,home-grown)
extremely: 极其,非常(程度副词,增强语气,表达强烈情感)
freshly:刚刚(晒过)(时间副词,增加细节真实感,如freshly baked/cut/sunned)
(二)重点短语
be born and raised in...:在……出生长大(自我介绍或者人物介绍模板,写作可迁移)
prepare sb. for sth.:使某人做好准备(在完形填空中,常与ready,equipped等词形成语境线索; “Nothing in my life prepared me for this one.” 适用于经历对比类作文开头,写作可迁移)
feel at home:感到自在/宾至如归(熟词生义,非字面义。是描写融入新环境的高级表达,写作可迁移)
thanks to: 多亏,由于(因果连接词,表积极原因,写作可迁移)
plenty of:许多,大量(描述数量,修饰可数/不可数名词均可)
miss out on:错过(机会/体验)(可用于建议类作文,如Don’t miss out on this wonderful experience.)
(三)长难句分析
1.原句
Nothing in my life before prepared me for this one—and to be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area.
句子结构:第一分句:主语(Nothing in my life before) + 谓语(prepared) + 宾语(me) + 状语(for this one)
第二分句:插入语(to be sure) + 时间状语从句(the first time I came here) + 主句主语(I) + 主句谓语(never imagined) + 宾语从句(I would ever feel comfortable in this area)
宾语从句内部:主语(I) + 谓语(would ever feel) + 表语(comfortable) + 地点状语(in this area)
语法点:nothing...prepared me for...表强调;to be sure为插入语;the first time名词短语作连词引导时间状语从句;imagined后跟宾语从句;过去将来时would feel
翻译:此前生命中的一切都未曾让我为眼下的生活做好准备——说实话,我第一次来时,从没想过自己会在这地方感到自在。
写作迁移:
(1)用“Nothing in my...prepared me for...”这一结构可以用来强调新环境或新挑战带来的巨大冲击感。如
Nothing in my previous life prepared me for such a challenge—and to be sure, when I first faced it I never imagined I would ever overcome it bravely.
在此之前,我的人生经历从未让我为这样的挑战做好准备——诚然,当我初次面对它时,我从未想过自己竟能勇敢地战胜它。
(2)用 “the first time I came here, I never imagined I would ever...”这一结构也非常适合用于成长感悟类作文,表达从不适到适应的转变过程。如
The first time I joined the debate team, I never imagined I would ever feel confident speaking in public. But now, I truly enjoy it.
加入辩论队时,我从未想过自己能从容自信地当众发言,而如今,我已然乐在其中。
2.原句
Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing, denying me the chance to discover one of the great wonders of sunshine—the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day.
句子结构:时间状语(Growing up) + 主语(my family and our neighbors) + 谓语(never used) + 宾语(clotheslines) + 目的状语(to dry clothing) + 结果状语(denying me the chance to discover one of the great wonders of sunshine)
同位语部分:主语(the sweet “sunshine scent”) + 后置定语(after sunning clothes for an entire day)
语法点:Growing up现在分词短语作时间状语;denying现在分词短语作结果状语;deny sb. sth.双宾语结构;不定式to discover作后置定语;破折号引出同位语。
翻译:成长过程中,我的家人和邻居从不用晾衣绳晒衣服,这让我错失了发现阳光最伟大奇迹之一的机会——把衣服晒一整天后那甜甜的“阳光香味”。
写作迁移:“Growing up, my...never..., denying me the chance to...”这一结构非常适合用于反思类作文,表达童年某种缺失带来的遗憾。如:
Growing up, I seldom communicated with others, denying me the chance to feel the warmth of friendship and the beauty of life.
在我的成长过程中,我很少与人交流,这让我错失了感受友谊温暖与生活美好的机会。
3.原句
If you’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” from a sheet or shirt left to sun for a day, well, you’re missing out on one of life’s wonders.
句子结构:条件状语从句:If + 主语(you) + 谓语(’ve never experienced) + 宾语(the “sunshine scent”) + 定语(from a sheet or shirt) + 后置定语(left to sun for a day)。
主句:插入语(well) + 主语(you) + 谓语(’re missing out on) + 宾语(one of life’s wonders)
语法点: If引导真实条件句;现在完成时have never experienced;left to sun for a day过去分词短语作后置定语;sun名词作动词用;well为插入语气词。
翻译:如果你从未体验过床单或衬衫晒一天后的“阳光香味”,那么你正在错过生命中的一大奇迹。
写作迁移: 用“If you’ve never experienced..., well, you’re missing out on...” 这一结构可以用来强烈推荐某种体验或活动,语气既有说服力又富有感染力。如:
If you have never tried this activity, well, you are missing out on a really wonderful experience.
如果你从未尝试过这项活动,你将错过一段非常美妙的经历。
2025年高考全国II卷·语法填空
语言积累检测卷
班级:_________ 姓名:_________
1、 单词填空
(一)语境选词(从方框中选择合适的词填入句子,注意形式变化)
deny, wonder, adapt, sun, extremely, freshly, scent, countryside
1. Many people move to the quiet __________ to stay away from heavy smog in big cities.
2. The sweet __________ of wild flowers makes us relaxed when we walk in the forest.
3. It is really a __________ that living things can __________ themselves to changing natural conditions.
4. Farmers usually __________ their grain in the open air, and the __________ dried food tastes much better.
5. The air in the mountains is __________ clean after the rain.
6. Many foreign students__________ the chance to join in local cultural activities, which made it harder for them to adapt to the new environment.
(二)句子填空(根据首字母或中文提示填空)
1. We can see clothes hanging on the c___________(晾衣绳) outside houses in many European villages.
2. Thick s___________(雾霾) stops people from enjoying the bright sunshine in winter.
3. F___________(放养的) chickens are healthier than those raised in narrow cages.
4. These s___________(太阳晒干的) fruits are local gifts for international cultural exchange.
5. The a___________(缺乏) of green space influences people’s mood in modern cities.
二、短语翻译(英译汉)
1. feel at home____________________
2. prepare sb. for sth.________________
3. miss out on________________
4. plenty of _______________
5. be born and raised in_______________
6. thanks to_______________
三、同义转换(用本课所学短语替换划线部分)
1. Because of the local people’s kindness, he quickly got used to the life in the countryside.
→__________ _________the local people’s kindness, he quickly got used to the life in the countryside.
2. If you stay indoors all day, you will fail to enjoy the beautiful natural views outside.
→ If you stay indoors all day, you will__________ __________ __________ the beautiful natural views outside.
3. Growing up in foreign countries helps students get comfortable easily in a new culture.
→ Growing up in foreign countries helps students__________ __________ __________ in a new culture.
4. The teacher gives daily training to get students ready for the cross-cultural exchange.
→The teacher gives daily training to __________ students __________the cross-cultural exchange.
5. He has a large number of chances to learn traditional rural skills.
→He has __________ __________ chances to learn traditional rural skills.
6. The old farmer grew up from birth in the quiet village and loves nature deeply.
→The old farmer __________ __________ __________ __________ in the quiet village and loves nature deeply.
四、汉译英
1. 如若从未体会过慢生活,你便错过了生活本真的美好。
2. 我过往的人生从未让我为这个挑战做好准备——可以肯定的是,第一次尝试时,我从未想过自己会成功。
3. 成长过程中,我的胆怯从未消散,使我失去了走出舒适区的机会。
2025年高考全国II卷·语法填空
语言积累检测卷 参考答案
一、单词填空
(一)语境选词
1. countryside 2.scent 3.wonder;adapt 4.sun;freshly 5.extremely 6. were denied
(二)句子填空
1.clothesline 2.smog 3.Free-range 4.sun-dried 5.absence
二、短语翻译
1.感到自在/宾至如归 2.使某人做好准备 3.错过(机会/体验)
4.许多,大量 5. 在……出生长大 6.多亏,由于
三、同义转换
1. Thanks to the local people’s kindness, he quickly got used to the life in the countryside.
2. If you stay indoors all day, you will miss out on the beautiful natural views outside.
3. Growing up in foreign countries helps students feel at home in a new culture.
4. The teacher gives daily training to prepare students for the cross-cultural exchange.
5. He has plenty of chances to learn traditional rural skills.
6. The old farmer was born and raised in the quiet village and loves nature deeply.
四、汉译英
1.If you’ve never experienced slow living, well, you’re missing out on the simple beauty of life.
2.Nothing in my life before prepared me for this challenge—and to be sure, the first time I tried it I never imagined I would succeed.
3.Growing up, my fear never faded, denying me the chance to step out of my comfort zone.
1
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
$