专题06 语法填空（期末真题汇编，山东专用）高一英语下学期

**基本信息** 高中英语语法填空试题汇编，涵盖“人与社会”“人与自我”“人与自然”三大主题，精选山东多地高一下期末真题，通过真实情境考查语法应用，兼具基础巩固与能力提升价值。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法填空|15篇短文，每篇10空（共150空）|动词时态语态（如discover→was discovered）、形容词（amaze→amazing）、代词（they→their）、连词（where/which）、非谓语动词（include→including）|情境贴近时代与文化，如上海地铁儿童免费政策、机器人护理项目、雪豹保护等，问题设计梯度分明，基础语法与语境理解结合|

专题06 语言知识 语法填空 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·山东菏泽·期末） 21 June was Li Lan’s first day back in San Francisco after camping in the Redwood Forest and visiting Napa Valley. She ____1____ (admit) that it definitely felt good to come back to the city again. The fact that the city rebuilt itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906 is ____2____ (amaze). Located on the top of big hills, many beautiful old buildings offer great ____3____ (view) of the city, the oceans and the Golden Gate Bridge. Li Lan walked around, looked at the street art for a few hours ____4____ ate some delicious Mexican-Chinese noodles for lunch. In the afternoon, she headed to a local museum ____5____ she learnt a lot about the history of California. In 1848, gold ____61____ (discover) near the city, which made over 300,000 people from all over the world rush here to seek ____7____ (they) fortune. In fact, few achieved their dreams of becoming rich. Some died or returned home, but most remained to earn ____8____ living despite great hardship. It was immigrants from different cultures that built up California very ____8____ (rapid) and led to its becoming a state of the United States in 1850. In the evening, Li Lan went to Chinatown, where there ____10____ (be) many cafes and restaurants to choose from. After selecting a restaurant, she enjoyed Chinese food with china plates. Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·山东临沂·期末） During the Duanwu Festival, ____1____ falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, people in China hang mugwort (艾草) on their doors. This tradition ____2____ (pass) down for centuries because mugwort is believed to protect against diseases. ____3____ (hang) mugwort on the door was a common practice. The strong smell of mugwort acts ____4____ a natural repellent (驱虫剂), effectively driving away mosquitoes, flies, and other insects, thus reducing the risk of diseases ____5____ (carry) by these pests. People also boiled mugwort in water and used ____6____ for bathing. The water had antibacterial effects, helping to clean the skin and remove harmful substances. This was ____7____ (especial) useful during the hot and humid season when skin diseases were common. Additionally, burning mugwort ____8____ (leaf) was a method to purify the air. The smoke produced a special smell that helped purify the air. People believed this could make them physically stronger and keep their homes ____9____ (safe). These practices reflect the ____10____ (wise) of the ancients in using natural resources for health preservation. Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·山东青岛·期末） Shanghai Metro (地铁) Eases Family Travel with New Child-Free-Ride Policy Shanghai is making its metro system more family-friendly by allowing parents ____1____ (bring) more than two children for free, as part of the city’s broader efforts to build a child-friendly society. According to the ____2____ (update) guidelines for Shanghai metro passengers, ____3____ will take effect on March 1, adults will be permitted to bring more than two children under 1.3 meters in height onto the metro for free, ____4____ (relax) the previous limit. The change is meant to make it easier for parents ____5____ several kids to use public transportation. It’s part of Shanghai’s efforts to stay in step with national ____6____ (policy) that support raising children ____7____ creating a society that’s good for families. In addition, ____8____ top weight for carry-on items has been raised from 23 kilograms to 30 kg. The revised guidelines also introduce stricter rules to ensure a ____9____ (safe) and more comfortable travel environment. Smoking, including the use of e-cigarettes, ____10____ (ban) within metro sites. Behaviors such as distracting drivers or damaging safety equipment are also unacceptable. Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·山东滨州·期末） China plans to launch a program that will allow companies to provide robotic nursing products on trial basis to homes, communities and nursing facilities for the elderly from 2025 to 2027. The program aims ____1____ (improve) the quality of life for elderly residents, case family caregiving burdens and increase additional staffing capabilities to nursing homes. Companies and research institutes will be able to apply to the program, ____2____ requires trial periods of at least six months in families, communities or nursing homes. They are also required to develop evaluation standards for robotic nursing services. These standards will be based ____3___ safety, adaptability, efficiency and cost analysis. Nursing homes that don’t have any record of incidents of safety ____4____ illegal behaviors in the past three years are ____5___ (qualify) to apply. Companies must have mature solutions ____6____ (target) elderly care, mass production capabilities for robots and assistive devices and ___7____ strong talent and technology base. Companies and research institutes must ensure that their products are tested and certified. They also must have the capacity to manage risks and respond to ____8____ (emergency). Maintenance staff members must be stationed at the trial sites and are required to be trained ____9____ (regular). Local authorities _____10_____ (encourage) to provide supportive policies and offer financial and resource incentives to participants. Qualifications will be canceled if safety risks, accidents or legal violations occur. Passage 5 （24-25学年高一下·山东德州·期末） It can be expanded with air like balloons, turned into various shapes like clay sculptures, or put into the mouth like candies. It is “blown candy”, ___1___ unique Chinese folk art. Although the Chinese name for “blown candy” ___2___ (include) the character “ren”, animals, especially the 12 zodiac (生肖) animals, are ___3___ (undoubted) the most common shapes. It’s no surprise ___4___ the most popular shape is the “Monkey King” in the ancient classic novel Journey to the West. Blown candy is said ___5___ (date) from the Ming Dynasty, when it first became a popular street art across China. Since sugar figures are mostly made ___6___ the spot, the raw material must remain melted. Craftsmen need to blow the “balloon” into a proper size and make shapes tailored depending on people’s preferences as quickly as possible before the sugar cools down, which is a game against time. Today, despite the great changes ___7___ (bring) by technological modernization, the craft of blown candy has not been lost. On June 7, 2008, sugar sculpture art- represented by sugar- figure blowing and sugar painting — ___8___ (list) as part of China’s National Intangible Cultural Heritage. With official ___9___ (recognise), blown candy will continue to keep ____10____ (it) strong life and ever-lasting artistic charm. 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·山东郯城·期末） The Chinese language is one of the ___1___ (old) writing systems in the world, with a history spanning over 3,000 years. Unlike alphabetic systems, Chinese uses characters ___2___ represent words or ideas. There are approximately 50,000 characters, though a well-educated person may know about 8,000. Learning Chinese can be ___3___ (challenge) for non-native speakers because of the tone system. Mandarin, the most widely spoken dialect, has four tones that change a word’s meaning. For example, “ma” can mean “mother,” “hemp,” “horse,” or “scold,” ___4___ (depend) on the tone. Despite its difficulty, interest in learning Chinese ___5___ (grow) rapidly worldwide. Many schools now offer Chinese classes, and the number of students taking the HSK exam ___6___ (increase) each year. Technology has made learning ___7___ (easy) than before, too, with apps allowing learners to practice characters and tones. The Chinese government has established Confucius Institutes around the world ___8___ (promote) language and cultural exchange. These institutes provide ___9___ (resource) for those who want to learn about Chinese culture along with the language. As China’s global influence expands, proficiency in Chinese is becoming ___10___ increasingly valuable skill in business and diplomacy. Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·山东潍坊·期末） Albert Einstein, who is the greatest scientist in modern physics, ____1____ (consider) one of the smartest men. He made numerous contributions to the world. Einstein was not only a genius; he was a courageous and kind figure ____2____ (love) by many people. At 16, Einstein tried to enter university in Switzerland, ____3____ failed due to his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam. One year later, he managed ____4____ (pass) the exam, entering university in 1896 and graduating in 1900. In 1902, Einstein took a job in the Swiss patent office, where he continued to study, earning ____5____ doctor’s degree in physics. In 1905, he published four extraordinary physics papers. Following this, he ____6____ (gradual) became famous throughout the world ____7____ the new Isaac Newton. In 1922, he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics. When Hitler came to power, Einstein, ____8____ was Jewish, found the doors of academic institutions closed to him. As a consequence, he had to flee Germany. To the public, he was seen as a kind and funny man. Einstein often encountered people on the street who would stop him and ask him to help explain things. After many such ____9____ (occasion), he finally started saying, “Pardon me! Sorry! Always I am mistaken for Professor Einstein!” On 18 April 1955, Einstein passed away, _____10_____ (leave) the world mourning the loss of a brilliant scientist. Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·山东枣庄·期末） Xu Beihong (1895 — 1953) was primarily known for his Chinese ink-and-wash painting of horses and birds. He was also regarded as one of ____1____ first to create oil paintings with epic Chinese themes. Xu began studying Chinese painting when he was nine. In 1917, he traveled to Tokyo ____2____ (study) arts. Beginning in 1919, Xu studied oil painting and drawing in Paris. He travelled around West Europe, ____3____ allowed him to observe and imitate Western art techniques. He came back to China in 1927 and gained a number of ____4____ (post) at institutions in China, including ____5____ (teach) at National Central University in Nanjing. Most of his works were ____6____ the Chinese traditional style. In his efforts to create a new form of national art, he combined Chinese brush and ink techniques with Western perspective and methods of composition. He emphasized the ____7____ ( important) of the artist’s experiences in life. In 1933, Xu organized exhibitions of modern Chinese painting in Europe. During World War Ⅱ, he ____8____ (hold) solo exhibitions in Singapore, India ____9____ Malaysia to help raise funds for the war relief effort in China. Xu died of a stroke in 1953. After his death, a Xu Beihong Museum ____10____ (establish) at his house in Beijing. Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·山东邹城·期末） March 21 is World Sleep Day, an international annual event, which ____1____ (intend) to be a celebration of sleep and a call to pay attention to sleep, for sleepiness and sleeplessness are a global problem that ____2____(threat) health and the quality of people’s life. It is a day ____3____ people around the world care about their sleep and also ask them a ____4____(vary) of questions about sleep. Why do we need sleep? Nobody can give a perfect answer to this question. However, recently tests ____5____(show) that lack of sleep over about four weeks _____6_____ (contribute) to a strong drop in body temperature, great weight _____7_____ (lose) and finally sickness. Different people need different amounts of sleep. Eight hours a night is considered the average amount of sleep. The least number of sleeping hours _____8_____ (recommend) by doctors is ten hours for primary school students, nine for junior high school students and eight for senior high school students. We find it quite _____9_____ (surprise) that some people seem to get along well with very little sleep at night. For example, Thomas Edison said that sleep was a waste of time. He did, however, take naps during the day. And Albert Einstein said that he needed ten hours’ sleep a night. Do you have some of the most useful suggestions for_____10_____ good night’s sleep? 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·山东青岛·期末） A unique food trend has recently gained ____1____ (popular) among young people in China. Known as “leftover food blind boxes”, these innovative meal options provide a convenient and ____2____ (afford) way to enjoy delicious food while also reducing food waste. So far this concept ____3____ (attract) the attention of many curious young individuals. The concept of “leftover food blind boxes” originated abroad, ____4____ (specific) from an app called Too Good To Go that started in Denmark in 2015. Its goal is ____5____ (fight) against food waste by offering surprisingly (剩余的) unsold food from nearby stores and restaurants at a ____6____ (reduce) price. Inspired by videos posted by Chinese creators living abroad ____7____ shared their experience. Chinese consumers and businesses have quickly accepted the idea, ____8____ (lead) to similar operations in major Chinese cities like Beijing, Shanghai, and Chengdu. The optional methods of the “leftover food blind box” model can vary between stores. Some boxes contain pre-packaged meals based on a store’s sales before the evening, while others allow customers to choose from ____9____ still remains in the store around closing time. However, the latter option is less common. The contents of the blind boxes are often only revealed upon opening, adding an element of surprise _____10_____ the dining experience. Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·山东威海·期末） Deng Wei, a 31-year-old hearing-impaired (听力受损的) man, works at Shengyousheng, a self-service hotpot restaurant where about half of the staff have similar impairments. The name, which combines sheng (more) with yousheng (sound), ____1____ (reflect) its founder’s belief: communication is about more than just speech. Shengyousheng’s self-service model reduces the need for verbal (口头的) communication, ____2____ (allow) people like Deng to succeed. It features many thoughtful design elements ____3____ (improve) the communication experience between customers and hearing-impaired ____4____ (employ). Large posters clearly display commonly ____5____(use) gestures (手势)，paired with simple text explanations. Every table also has cards to help customers communicate. Deng values his job much because it gives him confidence and respect. His last job was at ____6____ electronics factory where people sometimes were ____7____ (friendly) and made fun of him. According to some customers, they barely notice the difference — “It’s just a normal restaurant with great food. ____8____ (honest), it’s fun — like passing notes in class.” In China, as many as 70 million people have a certain degree of hearing loss, ____9____ is about 5% of the population. Authorities, nongovernmental organizations, and individuals have actively worked to increase acceptance and support ____10____ those with hearing loss. As Li Duo, the founder of Shengyousheng, puts it, “Hearing-impaired staff don’t need charity — they’re talented workers. This isn’t just about business; it’s about changing mindsets.” Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·山东烟台·期末） Three documentary heritage collections submitted (提交) by China ____1____ (list) in the UNESCO Memory of the World Register up to now. Among the 74 newly added ____2____ (entry), China contributed two single submissions — the Bianzhong of Marquis Yi of Zeng and the Steles(石碑) of Shaolin Temple — as well as a joint submission with Sri Lanka: the Trilingual Inscription(铭文). The Bianzhong of Marquis Yi of Zeng, which ____3____ (discover) in 1978 from the Tombs of Marquis Yi in Suizhou, Hubei Province, is a remarkable set of ancient bells. These uniquely-designed and time-honored bells not only offer insights into early Chinese musical traditions but also contain inscriptions that are considered as ____4____ earliest surviving archaeological records illustrating mathematical relationships in music. The Steles of Shaolin Temple contains 499 surviving steles of the symbolic temple, presenting a ____5____ (relative) complete historical document in the form of stone inscriptions. The third entry ____6____ (carve) by Zheng He on Feb. 15,1409 features texts ____7____ Chinese, Persian, and Tamil. UNESCO describes it as the only known trilingual text ____8____ (combine) these three languages. “Documentary heritage is an essential yet weak element of the Memory of the World. This is ____8____ UNESCO spends so much funds in safeguarding it, shares best practices, ____10____ maintains this register that records the broad threads of human history,” said UNESCO Director-General Audrey Azoulay. Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·山东东营·期末） Sichuan dish and Hunan dish are both known for their hot flavors, which might appear similar ___1___ first sight. That’s why Americans are pretty confused about how they are different. This ___2___(confuse) results from how Hunan food ___3___(introduce) to the American public. According to Kian Lam Kho, the author of Chinese food blog Red Cook, a group of Chinese chefs are said to have been trained in both Hunan and Sichuan dishes in 1945. When they later ___4___(seek) opportunities in the United States, they brought Hunan and Sichuan dishes to New York, ___5___ these two cooking styles were adapted to suit local tastes. ___6___ Kho puts it, these two dishes offer different flavors. Sichuan dish is characterized by the use of Sichuan peppercorns, which provide ___7___ unique numbing (麻木的) feeling. Hunan dish, on the other hand, is famous for its bold and burning flavors, ___8___(feature) the mixture of fresh chilies (辣椒) and garlic (大蒜) to create a powerful spicy taste. Unlike Sichuan dish, Hunan dish does not typically include the numbing feeling of Sichuan peppercorns. “It is amazing how different Hunan cooking is, ___9___ (compare) to its confusing Sichuan cousin. It is ___10___(true) worthwhile to seek out restaurants or cookbooks that faithfully recreate Hunan flavors in their menus.” Kho notes. 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·山东日照·期末） There is a real move towards clothing hire quality and sustainability, ____1____ has loads of benefits for us all. Like it or not, we are all guilty(内疚) of wanting the newest and latest in clothing trends. As we grow and change, it makes sense for our clothing needs ____2____(adjust) and reflect these changes. We are neither the person we were yesterday, ____3____ the person we will be tomorrow. Our moods change, and our clothing is a ____4____(reflect) of how we feel. So the solution to our constant consumerism is to look at ways to be resourceful while satisfying our ____5____(desire). Clothing rental is both a solution to our constant consumerism and a way to be more mindful of the waste the fashion industry produces. So far, we all ____6____(hear) about the impact of fashion on the environment; however, it feels so ____7____(remove) when we go shopping and happen upon racks of beautiful clothes. But it’s important to recognize that as ____8____ individual, the smallest of choices can have a butterfly effect across the world. Clothing rental is about fashion, experimenting with your style, saving money, and ____9____(be) mindful of our impact on the earth. Are you ready to try _____10_____ out and rent a dress for your next event? Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·山东宁阳·期末） The most successful way to teach your children about purpose is through modeling. Children are keen observers — they don’t just hear what we say; they see what we do. If you want to teach your children about purpose, the most ____1____ (power) way is by living it out yourself. When you pursue (追求) activities and hobbies ____2____ light you up — things that feel purposeful to you — your children will notice. They’ll see you deeply engaged in something that brings you joy and fulfillment, and that can spark their own ____3____ (curious). Your example might not lead them ____4____ the exact same passions you have, but it will give them the courage ____5____ (seek) out their own. It will show them that it’s not just okay but necessary to pursue what is meaningful to them. This is what I like to call generational growth. Instead of passing down limiting ____6____ (belief), you’re passing down the idea that purpose is something you ____7____ (active) create. By being ____8____ example of a purposeful life, you give your children permission to do the same when they grow ____8____ (old). This approach is incredibly effective because it’s not just about telling your kids how to live — it’s about showing them how. And even if their path _____10_____ (look) different from yours, they’ll have the confidence to pursue their own journey with purpose. Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·山东滨州·期末） And now, how can I look back upon the impression left upon me by that walk under the waters? Words are not enough ____1____ (relate) such wonders. Captain Nemo walked in front, one of his men following some steps behind. Conseil and I remained near each other, as if an exchange of words had been possible through our metal cases. I no longer felt the ____2____ (weigh) of my clothes, or of my shoes, of my air supply, or my thick helmet, inside which my head ____3____ (shake) like a nut in its shell. The light, which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean, ____4____ (astonish) me by its power. The solar rays shone through the watery mass easily, and consumed all colour, and I clearly distinguished objects at a ____5____ (距离) or a hundred and fifty yards. Beyond that the colours ____6____ (dark) into fine shades of deep blue, and ____7____ (gradual) disappeared. Truly this water which ____8____ (surround) me was but another air heavier than the Earth’s atmosphere, but almost as clear. Above me was the calm surface of the sea. We were walking on fine, even sand, not wrinkled as on a flat shore, which keeps the impression of the waves. This dazzling carpet, really a reflector, drove away the rays of the sun with wonderful intensity which a ____9____ (解释；是……的原因) for the vibration which passed through every atom of liquid. Shall I be believed when I say that, at the _____10_____ (deep) of thirty feet, I could see as if it was in broad daylight? 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·山东寿光·期末） The snow leopard, a rare large cat which has pale grey fur patterned with dark blotches and rings, is native ____1____ the high-altitude regions of central Asia. They are solitary (独 居的) animals known for their incredible ability ____2____ (climb) steep cliffs. Due to habitat loss and climate change, the species ____3____ (list) as endangered in 1972 and reclassified as vulnerable (脆弱的) in 2017, and is still considered to be in decline. Conservation efforts are ____4____ (current) being carried out to protect them. But snow leopards range across vast ____5____ (area) of remote, mountainous landscapes, making them one of the most difficult to study in the wild. India’s first-ever survey of snow leopards has estimated that there are more than seven hundred of the big cats ____6____ (live) in the country’s six mountainous regions. The survey was conducted between 2019 and 2023 and led by the Wildlife Trust of India, ____7____ set up 1971 camera traps covering 120, 000 square kilometers of habitat. These regular assessments offer valuable insights for identifying challenges, addressing threats and formulating ____8____ (effect) conservation strategies. “The snow leopard is a beautiful and mysterious animal, but it’s far more than that,” says George Schaller, the biologist who took ____9____ first photo of a snow leopard in Pakistan in 1971. “It tends to _____10_____ (symbol) an area, so if you protect it, you protect an area for the benefit of all the wildlife and local communities.” Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·山东青州·期末） The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). ___1___ (cover)an area about three times ___2___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___3___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___4___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___5___ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___6___ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___7___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and ___8___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. Giant pandas also serve ___9___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _____10_____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 语言知识 语法填空 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·山东菏泽·期末） 21 June was Li Lan’s first day back in San Francisco after camping in the Redwood Forest and visiting Napa Valley. She ____1____ (admit) that it definitely felt good to come back to the city again. The fact that the city rebuilt itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906 is ____2____ (amaze). Located on the top of big hills, many beautiful old buildings offer great ____3____ (view) of the city, the oceans and the Golden Gate Bridge. Li Lan walked around, looked at the street art for a few hours ____4____ ate some delicious Mexican-Chinese noodles for lunch. In the afternoon, she headed to a local museum ____5____ she learnt a lot about the history of California. In 1848, gold ____61____ (discover) near the city, which made over 300,000 people from all over the world rush here to seek ____7____ (they) fortune. In fact, few achieved their dreams of becoming rich. Some died or returned home, but most remained to earn ____8____ living despite great hardship. It was immigrants from different cultures that built up California very ____8____ (rapid) and led to its becoming a state of the United States in 1850. In the evening, Li Lan went to Chinatown, where there ____10____ (be) many cafes and restaurants to choose from. After selecting a restaurant, she enjoyed Chinese food with china plates. 【答案】1. admitted 2. amazing 3. views 3. and 5. where 6. was discovered 7. their 8. a 8. rapidly 10. were 【解析】 【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了李兰在红杉林露营和游览纳帕谷之后回到旧金山第一天的体验和感受。 【1题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：她承认再次回到这座城市确实让她感觉很愉快。admit为动词，表示“承认”，作谓语；根据句中“felt”和句意可知，该句表达过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时。故填admitted。 【2题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这座城市在 1906 年发生的地震后得以重建这一事实令人惊叹。空处应用形容词，作表语；amazing为形容词，表示“令人惊叹的”，符合句意。故填amazing。 【3题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：这些美丽的古老建筑坐落在高高的山丘之上，从那里可以饱览城市、海洋以及金门大桥的壮丽景色。空处应为名词，作宾语；view表示“景色”，为可数名词，这里泛指城市中的壮丽景色，故应用复数形式。故填views。 【3题详解】 考查连词。句意：李兰四处走动，花了几个小时欣赏街头艺术，然后午餐吃了些美味的墨西哥中式面条。句中“walked”、“looked”和“ate”并列作谓语，结合句意，空处应用并列连词and连接。故填and。 【5题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：下午，她前往了一家当地的博物馆，在那里她深入了解了加利福尼亚州的历史。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“local museum”，在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where。故填where。 【6题详解】 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：1848 年，在这座城市附近发现了黄金，这使得来自世界各地的超过 30 万人纷纷赶来此地寻找财富。discover为动词，表示“发现”，在句中作谓语；根据“In 1848”可知，该句为一般过去时，discover与“gold”之间为被动关系，表示“黄金被发现”，谓语为单数。故填was discovered。 【7题详解】 考查人称代词。句意：1848 年，在这座城市附近发现了黄金，这使得来自世界各地的超过 30 万人纷纷赶来此地寻找财富。空处作定语，修饰名词“fortune”，表示“他们的财富”，故应用形容词性的物主代词。故填their。 【8题详解】 考查冠词。句意：有些人去世了或者返回了家乡，但大多数人还是留在那里努力谋生，尽管面临着极大的困难。动词短语earn a living表示“谋生”，符合句意。故填a。 【8题详解】 考查副词。句意：正是来自不同文化背景的移民们使加利福尼亚迅速发展起来，并于 1850 年成为了美国的一个州。空处应用副词，修饰动词短语“built up”，作状语；rapidly为副词，表示“迅速地”，符合句意。故填rapidly。 【10题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：傍晚时分，李兰去了唐人街。那里有许多咖啡馆和餐馆可供选择。空处在句中作谓语；根据“went”和全文内容可知，该句表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时；主语是“many cafes and restaurants”，故谓语为复数。故填were。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·山东临沂·期末） During the Duanwu Festival, ____1____ falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, people in China hang mugwort (艾草) on their doors. This tradition ____2____ (pass) down for centuries because mugwort is believed to protect against diseases. ____3____ (hang) mugwort on the door was a common practice. The strong smell of mugwort acts ____4____ a natural repellent (驱虫剂), effectively driving away mosquitoes, flies, and other insects, thus reducing the risk of diseases ____5____ (carry) by these pests. People also boiled mugwort in water and used ____6____ for bathing. The water had antibacterial effects, helping to clean the skin and remove harmful substances. This was ____7____ (especial) useful during the hot and humid season when skin diseases were common. Additionally, burning mugwort ____8____ (leaf) was a method to purify the air. The smoke produced a special smell that helped purify the air. People believed this could make them physically stronger and keep their homes ____9____ (safe). These practices reflect the ____10____ (wise) of the ancients in using natural resources for health preservation. 【答案】1. which 2. has been passed 3. Hanging 4. as 5. carried 6. it 7. especially 8. leaves 9. safer 10. wisdom 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国端午节人们挂艾草、用艾草煮水洗澡、燃烧艾草叶等习俗及其背后的原因和意义。 【1题详解】 考查非限定性定语从句。句意：在农历五月初五的端午节期间，中国人会在门上挂艾草。“____ falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month”是非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词the Duanwu Festival，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 【2题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：这个传统已经流传了几个世纪，因为人们相信艾草可以预防疾病。pass down(流传)是谓语动词，与主语“This tradition”之间是被动关系，且根据时间状语“for centuries”可知，该动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语是单数，助动词用has。故填has been passed。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在门上挂艾草是一种常见的做法。“(hang) mugwort on the door”在句中作主语，应用动名词形式hanging；句首单词首字母大写。故填Hanging。 【4题详解】 考查介词。句意：艾草强烈的气味起到天然驱虫剂的作用，能有效地驱赶蚊子、苍蝇和其他昆虫，从而降低这些害虫传播疾病的风险。act as是固定短语，意为“充当，起……作用”。故填as。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：艾草强烈的气味起到天然驱虫剂的作用，能有效地驱赶蚊子、苍蝇和其他昆虫，从而降低这些害虫传播疾病的风险。“(carry) by these pests”作后置定语，carry(携带)用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语diseases之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动。故填carried。 【6题详解】 考查代词。句意：人们还把艾草放在水里煮，然后用它来洗澡。此处指代前面提到的“煮艾草的水”，不可数名词，应用代词it作宾语。故填it。 【7题详解】 考查副词。句意：这在炎热潮湿、皮肤病常见的季节特别有用。修饰形容词useful，应用副词especially作状语，意为“尤其，特别”。故填especially。 【8题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：此外，燃烧艾叶是一种净化空气的方法。leaf是可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用复数形式。故填leaves。 【9题详解】 考查形容词的比较级。句意：人们相信这可以使他们身体更强壮，让他们的家更安全。“keep sth. + adj.”是固定结构，意为“使……处于某种状态”，用形容词作宾语补足语，结合“make them physically stronger”可推知，燃烧艾叶能让家更安全，应用比较级形式safer。故填safer。 【10题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些做法反映了古人利用自然资源进行养生的智慧。提示词作宾语，用名词wisdom，意为“智慧”，是不可数名词。故填wisdom。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·山东青岛·期末） Shanghai Metro (地铁) Eases Family Travel with New Child-Free-Ride Policy Shanghai is making its metro system more family-friendly by allowing parents ____1____ (bring) more than two children for free, as part of the city’s broader efforts to build a child-friendly society. According to the ____2____ (update) guidelines for Shanghai metro passengers, ____3____ will take effect on March 1, adults will be permitted to bring more than two children under 1.3 meters in height onto the metro for free, ____4____ (relax) the previous limit. The change is meant to make it easier for parents ____5____ several kids to use public transportation. It’s part of Shanghai’s efforts to stay in step with national ____6____ (policy) that support raising children ____7____ creating a society that’s good for families. In addition, ____8____ top weight for carry-on items has been raised from 23 kilograms to 30 kg. The revised guidelines also introduce stricter rules to ensure a ____9____ (safe) and more comfortable travel environment. Smoking, including the use of e-cigarettes, ____10____ (ban) within metro sites. Behaviors such as distracting drivers or damaging safety equipment are also unacceptable. 【答案】1. to bring 2. updated 3. which 4. relaxing 5. with 6. policies 7. and 8. the 9. safer 10. is banned 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了上海地铁实施新儿童免票政策，助力家庭出行。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：作为上海建设儿童友好型社会更广泛努力的一部分，上海正在使其地铁系统更加适合家庭出行，允许家长免费携带两名以上儿童。allow sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，本空用bring“带来”的动词不定式，作宾补。故填to bring。 【2题详解】 考查形容词。句意：根据更新的《上海地铁乘客指南》，该指南将于3月1日生效，成年人将被允许免费携带两名以上身高1.3米以下的儿童乘坐地铁，放宽了之前的限制。本空修饰名词guidelines，用update“更新”的形容词updated“更新的”，作定语。故填updated。 【3题详解】 考查定语从句。句意同上。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词guidelines，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。句中已有谓语will be permitted，本空用relax“放宽”的非谓语形式，此处表示自然而然的结果，用relax“放松”的现在分词，作结果状语。故填relaxing。 【5题详解】 考查介词。句意：这一改变是为了让有几个孩子的父母更容易使用公共交通工具。此处是指有几个孩子的父母，介词with“有”符合题意。故填with。 【6题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：这是上海努力跟上国家支持养育子女和创建一个有利于家庭的社会政策的一部分。policy“政策”是可数名词，此处指不止一项政策，因此空格处用复数policies，作with的宾语。故填policies。 【7题详解】 考查连词。句意同上。raising children和creating a society that’s good for families是并列关系，因此空格处用and表并列，故填and。 【8题详解】 考查冠词。句意：此外，随身携带物品的最高重量已从23公斤提高到30公斤。the top weight表示“最高重量”，用定冠词the表特指，故填the。 【9题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：修订后的指南还引入了更严格的规定，以确保更安全、更舒适的旅行环境。根据并列的形容词比较级more comfortable可知，空格处用形容词比较级safer“更安全的”，一起作定语修饰名词短语travel environment。故填safer。 【10题详解】 考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：地铁内禁止吸烟，包括使用电子烟。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语Smoking与谓语动词ban“禁止”为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语smoking是不可数名词，be动词用is。故填is banned。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·山东滨州·期末） China plans to launch a program that will allow companies to provide robotic nursing products on trial basis to homes, communities and nursing facilities for the elderly from 2025 to 2027. The program aims ____1____ (improve) the quality of life for elderly residents, case family caregiving burdens and increase additional staffing capabilities to nursing homes. Companies and research institutes will be able to apply to the program, ____2____ requires trial periods of at least six months in families, communities or nursing homes. They are also required to develop evaluation standards for robotic nursing services. These standards will be based ____3___ safety, adaptability, efficiency and cost analysis. Nursing homes that don’t have any record of incidents of safety ____4____ illegal behaviors in the past three years are ____5___ (qualify) to apply. Companies must have mature solutions ____6____ (target) elderly care, mass production capabilities for robots and assistive devices and ___7____ strong talent and technology base. Companies and research institutes must ensure that their products are tested and certified. They also must have the capacity to manage risks and respond to ____8____ (emergency). Maintenance staff members must be stationed at the trial sites and are required to be trained ____9____ (regular). Local authorities _____10_____ (encourage) to provide supportive policies and offer financial and resource incentives to participants. Qualifications will be canceled if safety risks, accidents or legal violations occur. 【答案】1. to improve 2. which 3. on 4. or 5. qualified 6.targeting 7. a 8. emergencies 9. regularly 10. are encouraged 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍中国计划在2025年至2027年推出一项计划，允许公司向家庭、社区和养老机构试行提供机器人护理产品。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划旨在提高老年居民的生活质量，减轻家庭护理负担，并增加养老院的额外人员配备能力。“aim to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“旨在做某事”。故填to improve。 【2题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：公司和研究机构将能够申请该计划，该计划要求在家庭、社区或养老院进行至少六个月的试验期。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“the program”，指物，词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导该定语从句。故填which。 【3题详解】 考查介词。句意：这些标准将基于安全性、适应性、效率和成本分析。“be based on”为固定短语，意为“基于，以……为依据”，所以此处填on。故填on。 【4题详解】 考查连词。句意：在过去三年中没有任何安全事故或违法行为记录的养老院有资格申请。“safety incidents”（安全事故）和“illegal behaviors”（违法行为）是并列关系，且此句为否定句，所以用连词or连接，表示“或者”的意思。故填or。 【5题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在过去三年中没有任何安全事故或违法行为记录的养老院有资格申请。“be qualified to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“有资格做某事”，这里用形容词qualified作表语，表示“有资格的”。故填qualified。 【6题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：公司必须有针对养老护理的成熟解决方案、机器人和辅助设备的大规模生产能力以及强大的人才和技术基础。句中已有谓语“must have”，target需用非谓语形式。“target”与“solutions”之间是主动关系，即“解决方案针对养老护理”，所以用现在分词targeting作后置定语，修饰“solutions”。故填targeting。 【7题详解】 考查冠词。句意：公司必须有针对养老护理的成熟解决方案、机器人和辅助设备的大规模生产能力以及强大的人才和技术基础。表示“一个强大的人才和技术基础”，此处表示泛指，且“strong”是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 【8题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：他们还必须有管理风险和应对紧急情况的能力。“respond to”后接名词作宾语，“emergency”意为“紧急情况”，是可数名词，此处表示泛指多种紧急情况，所以用复数形式emergencies。故填emergencies。 【9题详解】 考查副词。句意：维护人员必须驻扎在试验地点，并要求定期接受培训。此处修饰动词“be trained”，应用副词regularly，意为“定期地”。故填regularly。 【10题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：鼓励地方当局为参与者提供支持性政策，并提供财政和资源激励措施。“Local authorities”与“encourage”之间是被动关系，即“地方当局被鼓励”，且此处描述一般情况，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为“am/is/are +过去分词”，主语“Local authorities”是复数，所以用are encouraged。故填are encouraged。 Passage 5 （24-25学年高一下·山东德州·期末） It can be expanded with air like balloons, turned into various shapes like clay sculptures, or put into the mouth like candies. It is “blown candy”, ___1___ unique Chinese folk art. Although the Chinese name for “blown candy” ___2___ (include) the character “ren”, animals, especially the 12 zodiac (生肖) animals, are ___3___ (undoubted) the most common shapes. It’s no surprise ___4___ the most popular shape is the “Monkey King” in the ancient classic novel Journey to the West. Blown candy is said ___5___ (date) from the Ming Dynasty, when it first became a popular street art across China. Since sugar figures are mostly made ___6___ the spot, the raw material must remain melted. Craftsmen need to blow the “balloon” into a proper size and make shapes tailored depending on people’s preferences as quickly as possible before the sugar cools down, which is a game against time. Today, despite the great changes ___7___ (bring) by technological modernization, the craft of blown candy has not been lost. On June 7, 2008, sugar sculpture art- represented by sugar- figure blowing and sugar painting — ___8___ (list) as part of China’s National Intangible Cultural Heritage. With official ___9___ (recognise), blown candy will continue to keep ____10____ (it) strong life and ever-lasting artistic charm. 【答案】1. a 2. includes 3. undoubtedly 4. that 5. to date 6. on 7. brought 8. was listed 9. recognition 10. its 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了吹糖是中国独特民间艺术，多塑生肖等形象，介绍了其历史以及制作特点。吹糖于2008年入选国家级非遗，将延续生命力与艺术魅力。 【1题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这就是“吹糖人”，这是一种独具特色的中国民间艺术。此处泛指“一种独特的中国民间艺术”，且unique发音以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 【2题详解】 考查时态。句意：尽管“吹糖人”的中文名称中有“人”这个字，但动物，尤其是十二生肖中的动物形象，无疑是最常见的造型。主语the Chinese name为单数，且描述客观事实，用一般现在时，故填includes。 【3题详解】 考查副词。句意：尽管“吹糖人”的中文名称中有“人”这个字，但动物，尤其是十二生肖中的动物形象，无疑是最常见的造型。修饰形容词最高级the most common用副词undoubtedly，故填undoubtedly。 【4题详解】 考查固定句型。句意：难怪最受欢迎的造型就是那部古代经典小说《西游记》中的“美猴王”形象了。It’s no surprise that…表示“难怪……”，that引导主语从句，故填that。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：据说吹糖艺术起源于明朝时期，当时它开始在中国各地流行起来，成为一种街头艺术。短语be said to do sth.表示“据说……”。故填to date。 【6题详解】 考查介词。句意：由于糖的计量通常是即时进行的，所以原料必须保持熔化状态。短语on the spot表示“当场”。故填on。 【7题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，尽管科技现代化带来了诸多变革，但吹糖这一技艺并未失传。changes与bring为被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，故填brought。 【8题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：2008年6月7日，以糖雕吹塑和糖画为代表的糖雕艺术被列入了中国国家级非物质文化遗产名录。主语sugar sculpture art与list为被动关系，结合时间On June 7, 2008可知用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was listed。 【9题详解】 考查名词。句意：有了官方的认可，吹制糖果将继续保持其旺盛的生命力和永恒的艺术魅力。作介词的宾语，用不可数名词recognition。故填recognition。 【10题详解】 考查代词。句意：有了官方的认可，吹制糖果将继续保持其旺盛的生命力和永恒的艺术魅力。修饰名词短语“strong life and ever-lasting artistic charm”，用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·山东郯城·期末） The Chinese language is one of the ___1___ (old) writing systems in the world, with a history spanning over 3,000 years. Unlike alphabetic systems, Chinese uses characters ___2___ represent words or ideas. There are approximately 50,000 characters, though a well-educated person may know about 8,000. Learning Chinese can be ___3___ (challenge) for non-native speakers because of the tone system. Mandarin, the most widely spoken dialect, has four tones that change a word’s meaning. For example, “ma” can mean “mother,” “hemp,” “horse,” or “scold,” ___4___ (depend) on the tone. Despite its difficulty, interest in learning Chinese ___5___ (grow) rapidly worldwide. Many schools now offer Chinese classes, and the number of students taking the HSK exam ___6___ (increase) each year. Technology has made learning ___7___ (easy) than before, too, with apps allowing learners to practice characters and tones. The Chinese government has established Confucius Institutes around the world ___8___ (promote) language and cultural exchange. These institutes provide ___9___ (resource) for those who want to learn about Chinese culture along with the language. As China’s global influence expands, proficiency in Chinese is becoming ___10___ increasingly valuable skill in business and diplomacy. 【答案】1. oldest 2. that##which 3. challenging##challengeable 4. depending 5. is growing 6. increases 7. easier 8. to promote 9. resources 10. an 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了汉语的历史、特点、学习现状及其在全球范围内日益增长的重要性。 【1题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：汉语是世界上最古老的书写系统之一，有3000多年的历史。此处为固定结构“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……之一”，所以空处需用形容词old的最高级oldest。故填oldest。 【2题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：与字母系统不同，汉语使用字符来表示单词或思想。空处需用关系词引导定语从句，先行词是characters，指物，在定语从句中作主语，所以空处需用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 【3题详解】 考查形容词。句意：由于声调系统，学习汉语对非母语者来说可能具有挑战性。空处需用形容词作表语，challenge的形容词为challenging“有挑战性的”或challengeable“可挑战的”。故填challenging/challengeable。 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，“ma”可以表示“妈妈”、“麻”、“马”或“骂”，具体取决于声调。本句已有谓语动词can mean，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词作状语，depend与逻辑主语““ma” can mean “mother,” “hemp,” “horse,” or “scold,””是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词depending作状语。故填depending。 【5题详解】 考查时态。句意：尽管困难重重，但全球对学习汉语的兴趣正在迅速增长。根据句意可知，此处表示现在正在进行的动作，需用现在进行时，主语interest为不可数名词，所以be动词需用is。故填is growing。 【6题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：许多学校现在开设中文课程，参加汉语水平考试（HSK）的学生人数每年都在增加。根据时间状语each year可知，此处表示经常性、习惯性的动作，需用一般现在时，主语the number of students为单数概念，所以谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式increases。故填increases。 【7题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：科技也使学习比以前更容易了，有应用程序可以让学习者练习汉字和声调。根据than before可知，此处表示比较，空处需用形容词easy的比较级easier。故填easier。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国政府在世界各地设立了孔子学院，以促进语言和文化交流。本句已有谓语动词has established，且空处没有连词，空处需用非谓语动词作目的状语，需用动词不定式to promote。故填to promote。 【9题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些机构为那些想学习汉语和中国文化的人提供资源。provide是及物动词，后需接名词作宾语，resource为可数名词，此处表示的是各类资源，并非单一资源，应用复数形式。故填resources。 【10题详解】 考查冠词。句意：随着中国全球影响力的扩大，精通汉语正成为商业和外交领域一项越来越有价值的技能。空处泛指一项技能，需用不定冠词，increasingly是元音音素开头的单词，需用不定冠词an。故填an。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·山东潍坊·期末） Albert Einstein, who is the greatest scientist in modern physics, ____1____ (consider) one of the smartest men. He made numerous contributions to the world. Einstein was not only a genius; he was a courageous and kind figure ____2____ (love) by many people. At 16, Einstein tried to enter university in Switzerland, ____3____ failed due to his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam. One year later, he managed ____4____ (pass) the exam, entering university in 1896 and graduating in 1900. In 1902, Einstein took a job in the Swiss patent office, where he continued to study, earning ____5____ doctor’s degree in physics. In 1905, he published four extraordinary physics papers. Following this, he ____6____ (gradual) became famous throughout the world ____7____ the new Isaac Newton. In 1922, he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics. When Hitler came to power, Einstein, ____8____ was Jewish, found the doors of academic institutions closed to him. As a consequence, he had to flee Germany. To the public, he was seen as a kind and funny man. Einstein often encountered people on the street who would stop him and ask him to help explain things. After many such ____9____ (occasion), he finally started saying, “Pardon me! Sorry! Always I am mistaken for Professor Einstein!” On 18 April 1955, Einstein passed away, _____10_____ (leave) the world mourning the loss of a brilliant scientist. 【答案】1. is considered 2. loved 3. but 4. to pass 5. a 6. gradually 7. as 8. who 9. occasions 10. leaving 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了爱因斯坦的生平成就与人格魅力，并强调了他从考试失败到科学巨匠的奋斗历程，以及纳粹时期作为犹太人的遭遇。 【1题详解】 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦是现代物理学中最伟大的科学家，他被认为是最聪明的人之一。空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，consider“认为”和主语Albert Einstein之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是单数，be动词应用is。故填is considered。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：爱因斯坦不仅是天才，还是一个勇敢而善良、深受爱戴的人物。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作figure的后置定语，love“喜爱”和figure逻辑上是被动关系，因此用love的过去分词形式。故填loved。 【3题详解】 考查连词。句意：16岁时，爱因斯坦试图进入瑞士大学，但因入学考试综合部分的分数太低而失败。根据“tried to enter”和“failed”可知，前后存在转折关系，需用并列连词but“但是”连接谓语。故填but。 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一年后，他成功通过考试，于1896年入学，1900年毕业。 manage to do为固定短语，意为“成功做到某事”，因此用pass“通过”的不定式形式。故填to pass。 【5题详解】 考查冠词。句意：1902年，爱因斯坦在瑞士专利局工作，期间继续学习，并获得了一个物理学博士学位。空处表示泛指，意为“一个物理学博士学位”，应用不定冠词，且doctor的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 【6题详解】 考查副词。句意：此后，他逐渐闻名世界，被誉为新一代的艾萨克·牛顿。空处修饰动词became，副词gradually符合题意，意为“逐渐地”。故填gradually。 【7题详解】 考查介词。句意：此后，他逐渐闻名世界，被誉为新一代的艾萨克·牛顿。结合“the new Isaac Newton”可知，固定搭配become famous as“作为……而出名”符合题意。故填as。 【8题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：希特勒上台后，爱因斯坦作为犹太人发现学术机构对他关闭了大门。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词Einstein作补充说明，先行词指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who作引导词。故填who。 【9题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：经历多次这样的场合后，他终于开始说：“抱歉！对不起！大家总是把我误认为爱因斯坦教授！”空处作After的宾语，many后可数名词occasion“场合”应用复数形式。故填occasions。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：1955年4月18日，爱因斯坦逝世，让世界为失去这位卓越的科学家而哀悼。空处句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果，作结果状语，应用leave的现在分词形式。故填leaving。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·山东枣庄·期末） Xu Beihong (1895 — 1953) was primarily known for his Chinese ink-and-wash painting of horses and birds. He was also regarded as one of ____1____ first to create oil paintings with epic Chinese themes. Xu began studying Chinese painting when he was nine. In 1917, he traveled to Tokyo ____2____ (study) arts. Beginning in 1919, Xu studied oil painting and drawing in Paris. He travelled around West Europe, ____3____ allowed him to observe and imitate Western art techniques. He came back to China in 1927 and gained a number of ____4____ (post) at institutions in China, including ____5____ (teach) at National Central University in Nanjing. Most of his works were ____6____ the Chinese traditional style. In his efforts to create a new form of national art, he combined Chinese brush and ink techniques with Western perspective and methods of composition. He emphasized the ____7____ ( important) of the artist’s experiences in life. In 1933, Xu organized exhibitions of modern Chinese painting in Europe. During World War Ⅱ, he ____8____ (hold) solo exhibitions in Singapore, India ____9____ Malaysia to help raise funds for the war relief effort in China. Xu died of a stroke in 1953. After his death, a Xu Beihong Museum ____10____ (establish) at his house in Beijing. 【答案】1. the 2. to study 3. which 4. posts 5. teaching 6. in 7. importance 8. held 9. and 10. was established 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国现代绘画大师徐悲鸿（1895—1953）的生平与艺术成就。 【1题详解】 考查定冠词。句意：他也被认为是最早创作中国史诗题材油画的人之一。first是序数词，空格处用定冠词the，故填the。 【2题详解】 考查不定式。句意：1917年，他前往东京学习艺术。根据语境可知，“他前往东京”的目的是“学习艺术”，空格处用不定式表目的，故填to study。 【3题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他游历了西欧，这使他能够观察和模仿西方的艺术技巧。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，主语是前面整个主句的内容，因此用which引导定语从句，故填which。 【4题详解】 考查名词的复数。句意：1927年，他回到中国，并在中国的一些机构获得了多个职位，包括在南京国立中央大学任教。空前有a number of，空格处用复数，故填posts。 【5题详解】 考查动名词。句意：1927年，他回到中国，并在中国的一些机构获得了多个职位，包括在南京国立中央大学任教。空格处用动名词teaching作宾语，故填teaching。 【6题详解】 考查介词。句意：他的大部分作品都是中国传统风格的。in the...style是固定用法，意为“以……风格”，因此空格处用介词in，故填in。 【7题详解】 考查名词。句意：他强调了艺术家生活经历的重要性。由the和of可知，空格处用名词，important的名词是importance，是不可数名词，意为“重要性”，故填importance。 【8题详解】 考查时态。句意：在第二次世界大战期间，他在新加坡、印度和马来西亚举办了个人展览，为中国的战争救济工作筹集资金。由During World War Ⅱ可知，句子时态是一般过去时，空格处用过去式held，故填held。 【9题详解】 考查连词。句意：在第二次世界大战期间，他在新加坡、印度和马来西亚举办了个人展览，为中国的战争救济工作筹集资金。Singapore, India和Malaysia是并列关系，句子是肯定句，因此用and表并列，故填and。 【10题详解】 考查时态，被动语态和主谓一致。句意：徐悲鸿去世后，在他位于北京的家中建立了徐悲鸿博物馆。由After his death可知，句子描述过去的事情，且博物馆是被建立，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语a Xu Beihong Museum是单数，因此空格处是was established，故填was established。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·山东邹城·期末） March 21 is World Sleep Day, an international annual event, which ____1____ (intend) to be a celebration of sleep and a call to pay attention to sleep, for sleepiness and sleeplessness are a global problem that ____2____(threat) health and the quality of people’s life. It is a day ____3____ people around the world care about their sleep and also ask them a ____4____(vary) of questions about sleep. Why do we need sleep? Nobody can give a perfect answer to this question. However, recently tests ____5____(show) that lack of sleep over about four weeks _____6_____ (contribute) to a strong drop in body temperature, great weight _____7_____ (lose) and finally sickness. Different people need different amounts of sleep. Eight hours a night is considered the average amount of sleep. The least number of sleeping hours _____8_____ (recommend) by doctors is ten hours for primary school students, nine for junior high school students and eight for senior high school students. We find it quite _____9_____ (surprise) that some people seem to get along well with very little sleep at night. For example, Thomas Edison said that sleep was a waste of time. He did, however, take naps during the day. And Albert Einstein said that he needed ten hours’ sleep a night. Do you have some of the most useful suggestions for_____10_____ good night’s sleep? 【答案】1. is intended 2. threatens 3. when 4. variety 5. have shown 6. contributes 7. loss 8. recommended 9. surprising 10. a##per 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了睡眠的重要性以及适当的睡眠时间。 【1题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：3月21日是世界睡眠日，这是一个国际性的年度活动，旨在庆祝睡眠，并呼吁人们关注睡眠，因为嗜睡和失眠是一个威胁着人们健康和生活质量的全球性问题。考查从句谓语动词，根据上文可知，从句时态为一般现在时；主语为which，即“an international annual event”，单数，和动词“intend”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is intended。 【2题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：3月21日是世界睡眠日，这是一个国际性的年度活动，旨在庆祝睡眠，并呼吁人们关注睡眠，因为嗜睡和失眠是一个威胁着人们健康和生活质量的全球性问题。这里为从句谓语动词，用名词“threat”的动词“threaten”的适当形式。根据上文可知，从句时态为一般现在时；主语为that，即“a global problem”，单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填threatens。 【3题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在这一天，世界各地的人们都会关心他们的睡眠，也会问他们各种关于睡眠的问题。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“a day”，在定语从句中担当时间状语，用关系副词when引导。故填when。 【4题详解】 考查名词。句意：在这一天，世界各地的人们都会关心他们的睡眠，也会问他们各种关于睡眠的问题。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式，构成短语：a variety of，意为“各种各样的……”。故填variety。 【5题详解】 考查时态。句意：然而，最近的测试表明，超过四周的睡眠不足会导致体温急剧下降，体重急剧下降，最后生病。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“recently”可知，本句为现在完成时；主语为tests，复数，谓语动词用复数形式。故填have shown。 【6题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：然而，最近的测试表明，超过四周的睡眠不足会导致体温急剧下降，体重急剧下降，最后生病。这里为从句的谓语动词，根据上下文可知，从句时态为一般现在时；主语为“lack of sleep over about four weeks”，单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填contributes。 【7题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，最近的测试表明，超过四周的睡眠不足会导致体温急剧下降，体重急剧下降，最后生病。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式，构成短语“weight loss”，意为“体重下降”。故填loss。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：医生建议的最低睡眠时间是小学生10小时，初中生9小时，高中生8小时。这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，和被修饰词“the least number of sleeping hours”之间存在被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填recommended。 【9题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我们发现有些人晚上睡得很少却过得很好，这很令人惊讶。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词担当宾语补足语，surprise的形容词为：surprised，意为“感到惊讶的”，修饰人；surprising，意为“令人惊讶的”，修饰物。根据句意可知，空处用surprising。故填surprising。 【10题详解】 考查冠词或介词。句意：你有什么最有用的建议可以让你拥有一个美好夜晚的睡眠吗？修饰可数名词单数，表泛指，用不定冠词，因此可以填a。也可以是考查介词，表示“每个”，用介词“per”。故填a/per。 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·山东青岛·期末） A unique food trend has recently gained ____1____ (popular) among young people in China. Known as “leftover food blind boxes”, these innovative meal options provide a convenient and ____2____ (afford) way to enjoy delicious food while also reducing food waste. So far this concept ____3____ (attract) the attention of many curious young individuals. The concept of “leftover food blind boxes” originated abroad, ____4____ (specific) from an app called Too Good To Go that started in Denmark in 2015. Its goal is ____5____ (fight) against food waste by offering surprisingly (剩余的) unsold food from nearby stores and restaurants at a ____6____ (reduce) price. Inspired by videos posted by Chinese creators living abroad ____7____ shared their experience. Chinese consumers and businesses have quickly accepted the idea, ____8____ (lead) to similar operations in major Chinese cities like Beijing, Shanghai, and Chengdu. The optional methods of the “leftover food blind box” model can vary between stores. Some boxes contain pre-packaged meals based on a store’s sales before the evening, while others allow customers to choose from ____9____ still remains in the store around closing time. However, the latter option is less common. The contents of the blind boxes are often only revealed upon opening, adding an element of surprise _____10_____ the dining experience. 【答案】1. popularity 2. affordable 3. has attracted 4. specifically 5. to fight 6. reduced 7. who##that 8. leading 9. what 10. to 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了关于中国年轻人中流行的“剩菜盲盒”这一独特食品的趋势。这种创新的餐饮选择既方便又实惠，同时还有助于减少食物浪费。 【1题详解】 考查名词。句意：最近，一种独特的饮食潮流在中国的年轻人中逐渐流行起来。gain是及物动词，后面需跟名词作宾语，popular的名词形式是popularity“欢迎”，不可数，故填popularity。 【2题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些被称为“剩菜盲盒”的创新餐品，为人们提供了一种既便捷又经济的享受美味佳肴的方式，同时还能减少食物浪费。修饰名词way用形容词affordable“支付得起的”，作定语。故填affordable。 【3题详解】 考查时态。句意：到目前为止，这一概念已经吸引了众多好奇的年轻人的关注。根据时间状语so far可知本句表示的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，谓语动词使用现在完成时，主语this concept是单数，谓语动词用has attracted，故填has attracted。 【4题详解】 考查副词。句意：“剩菜盲盒”这一概念源自国外，具体来说是源自一款名为“Too Good To Go”的应用程序，该应用于2015年在丹麦推出。修饰后文介词短语，用副词specifically“具体地，特别地”。故填specifically。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：其目标是通过以较低价格提供附近商店和餐馆中那些意外剩余的食品来对抗食物浪费现象。此处用动词不定式作表语，说明主语goal的具体内容，故填to fight。 【6题详解】 考查形容词。句意：其目标是通过以较低价格提供附近商店和餐馆中那些意外剩余的食品来对抗食物浪费现象。修饰名词price表示“低价”，用形容词reduced“减价的”。故填reduced。 【7题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：受到那些生活在国外的中国创作者所发布的视频的启发，他们分享了自己的经历。定语从句修饰先行词Chinese creators，指人，在从句中作主语，关系词可用who或者that，故填who/that。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国消费者和企业很快就接受了这一理念，从而在像北京、上海和成都这样的中国主要城市也出现了类似的经营模式。此处用现在分词作结果状语，表示一种自然而然的结果，故填leading。 【9题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：有些盒子装的是根据商店当天下午销售情况预先包装好的食品，而其他一些盒子则允许顾客在商店临近打烊时根据剩余库存进行选择。from后面是一个宾语从句，从句缺少主语，且指物，用what引导，故填what。 【10题详解】 考查介词。句意：盲盒内的物品通常只有在打开后才会被揭晓，这为用餐体验增添了一丝惊喜的元素。短语add…to…表示“增添……”。故填to。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·山东威海·期末） Deng Wei, a 31-year-old hearing-impaired (听力受损的) man, works at Shengyousheng, a self-service hotpot restaurant where about half of the staff have similar impairments. The name, which combines sheng (more) with yousheng (sound), ____1____ (reflect) its founder’s belief: communication is about more than just speech. Shengyousheng’s self-service model reduces the need for verbal (口头的) communication, ____2____ (allow) people like Deng to succeed. It features many thoughtful design elements ____3____ (improve) the communication experience between customers and hearing-impaired ____4____ (employ). Large posters clearly display commonly ____5____(use) gestures (手势)，paired with simple text explanations. Every table also has cards to help customers communicate. Deng values his job much because it gives him confidence and respect. His last job was at ____6____ electronics factory where people sometimes were ____7____ (friendly) and made fun of him. According to some customers, they barely notice the difference — “It’s just a normal restaurant with great food. ____8____ (honest), it’s fun — like passing notes in class.” In China, as many as 70 million people have a certain degree of hearing loss, ____9____ is about 5% of the population. Authorities, nongovernmental organizations, and individuals have actively worked to increase acceptance and support ____10____ those with hearing loss. As Li Duo, the founder of Shengyousheng, puts it, “Hearing-impaired staff don’t need charity — they’re talented workers. This isn’t just about business; it’s about changing mindsets.” 【答案】1. reflects 2. allowing 3. to improve 4. employees 5. used 6. an 7. unfriendly 8. Honestly 9. which 10. for 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章聚焦于听力受损的31岁男子邓伟及其所在的自助火锅餐厅“盛有声”，通过讲述他的个人经历、餐厅的特色经营模式以及这一模式对听力受损员工的积极影响，展现了社会对听力受损人群接纳与支持的提升。 【1题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：“盛有声”这个名字将“盛”（更多声音之意）与“有声”结合，体现了其创始人的信念：沟通不仅仅局限于言语。空处为本句谓语动词；根据从句的时态可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“the name”，单数，和动词“reflect”之间为主动关系。故填reflects。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：“盛有声”的自助服务模式减少了对口头交流的需求，使得像邓伟这样的人也能取得成功。空处为非谓语动词形式担当状语，表示主句所产生的自然而然的结果，用现在分词形式。故填allowing。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：店内设计了许多贴心的细节，以改善顾客与听力受损员工之间的沟通体验。空处为非谓语动词形式担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to improve。 【4题详解】 考查名词。句意：店内设计了许多贴心的细节，以改善顾客与听力受损员工之间的沟通体验。空处为名词形式担当宾语；根据空前的“customers”可推测，空处意为“员工”，且为名词的复数形式。故填employees。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：大幅海报清晰地展示了常用手势，并配有简单的文字说明。空处为非谓语动词担当定语，意为“使用的”，用过去分词形式。故填used。 【6题详解】 考查冠词。句意：他上一份工作是在一家电子厂，那里的人有时对他不友好，甚至取笑他。空处为修饰名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词；空后单词为元音音素开头，用an。故填an。 【7题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他上一份工作是在一家电子厂，那里的人有时对他不友好，甚至取笑他。空处为形容词形式担当表语，意为“不友好的”。故填unfriendly。 【8题详解】 考查副词。句意：据一些顾客说，他们几乎感觉不到有什么不同——“这只是一家食物很棒的普通餐厅。说实话，这很有趣——就像在课堂上传纸条一样。” 空处担当状语用副词形式；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Honestly。 【9题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在中国，有多达7000万人有不同程度的听力损失，约占人口的5%。空处为定语从句的引导词；代指主句，关系词在非限制性定语从句担当主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【10题详解】 考查介词。句意：政府、非政府组织和个人都在积极努力，提高社会对听力受损者的接纳和支持程度。空处为介词形式，意为“为了……”，用介词for。故填for。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·山东烟台·期末） Three documentary heritage collections submitted (提交) by China ____1____ (list) in the UNESCO Memory of the World Register up to now. Among the 74 newly added ____2____ (entry), China contributed two single submissions — the Bianzhong of Marquis Yi of Zeng and the Steles(石碑) of Shaolin Temple — as well as a joint submission with Sri Lanka: the Trilingual Inscription(铭文). The Bianzhong of Marquis Yi of Zeng, which ____3____ (discover) in 1978 from the Tombs of Marquis Yi in Suizhou, Hubei Province, is a remarkable set of ancient bells. These uniquely-designed and time-honored bells not only offer insights into early Chinese musical traditions but also contain inscriptions that are considered as ____4____ earliest surviving archaeological records illustrating mathematical relationships in music. The Steles of Shaolin Temple contains 499 surviving steles of the symbolic temple, presenting a ____5____ (relative) complete historical document in the form of stone inscriptions. The third entry ____6____ (carve) by Zheng He on Feb. 15,1409 features texts ____7____ Chinese, Persian, and Tamil. UNESCO describes it as the only known trilingual text ____8____ (combine) these three languages. “Documentary heritage is an essential yet weak element of the Memory of the World. This is ____8____ UNESCO spends so much funds in safeguarding it, shares best practices, ____10____ maintains this register that records the broad threads of human history,” said UNESCO Director-General Audrey Azoulay. 【答案】1. have been listed 2. entries 3. was discovered 3. the 5. relatively 6. carved 7. in 8. combining 8. why 10. and 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国三项文献遗产入选世界记忆名录的情况。 【1题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：截至目前，中国提交的三项文献遗产已被列入联合国教科文组织《世界记忆名录》。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语up to now可知，空处需用现在完成时；主语collections与动词list之间是被动关系，所以空处需用现在完成时的被动语态：have/has been done，主语是复数，所以空处助动词需用have。故填have been listed。 【2题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：在新增的74个条目中，中国提交了两个单独的项目——曾侯乙编钟和少林寺石碑——以及与斯里兰卡的联合提交项目：三语铭文。entry为可数名词“条目”， 74后接可数名词复数形式。故填entries。 【3题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：曾侯乙编钟是1978年在湖北省随州市曾侯乙墓中出土的一套非凡的古代编钟。空处为定语从句的谓语动词。根据时间状语in 1978可知，空处需用一般过去时；从句主语which指代先行词The Bianzhong of Marquis Yi of Zeng，与动词discover之间是被动关系，所以空处需用一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done，主语是单数，所以空处be动词需用was。故填was discovered。 【3题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这些设计独特、历史悠久的编钟不仅为了解中国早期音乐传统提供了洞见，还包含了被认为是最早的现存考古记录，展示了音乐中的数学关系。形容词最高级earliest前必须加定冠词the，表示“最早的现存考古记录”。故填the。 【5题详解】 考查副词。句意：少林寺石碑包含了这座象征性寺庙现存的499块石碑，以石刻的形式呈现了一份相对完整的历史文献。 此处修饰形容词complete，需用副词relatively“相对地”作状语。故填relatively。 【6题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：第三个条目是郑和于1409年2月15日刻制的，包含中文、波斯文和泰米尔文的文本。本句已有谓语动词features，所以空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词entry，动词carve与名词entry之间是逻辑被动关系，所以空处需用过去分词作后置定语。故填carved。 【7题详解】 考查介词。 句意：同上。 in+语言，表示使用某种语言，固定搭配。故填in。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。 句意：联合国教科文组织将其描述为已知的唯一结合这三种语言的三语文本。本句已有谓语动词describes，所以空处需用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词text，动词combine与名词text之间是逻辑主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词作后置定语。故填combining。 【8题详解】 考查表语从句。 句意：这就是为什么联合国教科文组织花费大量资金保护它，分享最佳实践，并维护这一记录人类历史广泛脉络的登记册。空处引导表语从句，从句结构完整，结合句意可知，空处需用连接副词why引导表语从句（从句表示结果）。故填why。 【10题详解】 考查连词。 句意：同上。 根据空前“spends so much funds in safeguarding it, shares best practices”和空后 “maintains this register”可知，空处需用连词and连接三个并列的谓语。故填and。 Passage 4 （24-25学年高一下·山东东营·期末） Sichuan dish and Hunan dish are both known for their hot flavors, which might appear similar ___1___ first sight. That’s why Americans are pretty confused about how they are different. This ___2___(confuse) results from how Hunan food ___3___(introduce) to the American public. According to Kian Lam Kho, the author of Chinese food blog Red Cook, a group of Chinese chefs are said to have been trained in both Hunan and Sichuan dishes in 1945. When they later ___4___(seek) opportunities in the United States, they brought Hunan and Sichuan dishes to New York, ___5___ these two cooking styles were adapted to suit local tastes. ___6___ Kho puts it, these two dishes offer different flavors. Sichuan dish is characterized by the use of Sichuan peppercorns, which provide ___7___ unique numbing (麻木的) feeling. Hunan dish, on the other hand, is famous for its bold and burning flavors, ___8___(feature) the mixture of fresh chilies (辣椒) and garlic (大蒜) to create a powerful spicy taste. Unlike Sichuan dish, Hunan dish does not typically include the numbing feeling of Sichuan peppercorns. “It is amazing how different Hunan cooking is, ___9___ (compare) to its confusing Sichuan cousin. It is ___10___(true) worthwhile to seek out restaurants or cookbooks that faithfully recreate Hunan flavors in their menus.” Kho notes. 【答案】1. at 2. confusion 3. was introduced 4. sought 5. where##and 6. As 7. a 8. featuring 9. compared 10. truly 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了湘菜和川菜的不同，以及怎样被介绍到美国的。 【1题详解】 考查介词。句意：川菜和湘菜都以辣著称，乍一看可能很相似。at first sight“乍一看”，固定短语，故填at。 【2题详解】 考查名词。句意：这种困惑源于湘菜是如何被介绍给美国公众的。空处应填名词作主语，confusion为不可数名词，故填confusion。 【3题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：同上。句子是描述过去发生的事情，且主语Hunan food和谓语动词introduce之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，谓语用单数形式，故填was introduced。 【4题详解】 考查一般过去时。句意：当他们后来在美国寻找机会时，他们把湖南菜和四川菜带到纽约，并对这两种烹饪风格进行了调整，以适应当地的口味。seek是从句谓语动词，结合上下文以及主句中brought可知，此处是描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，故填sought。 【5题详解】 考查定语从句或连词。句意：同上。此处可看作引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是New York，关系词在从句中作地点状语，使用关系副词where引导；也可看作并列句，空前后是并列顺承关系，使用and连接，故填where/and。 【6题详解】 考查固定句型。句意：正如Kho所说，这两道菜的味道不同。as sb puts it“正如某人所说”，是固定句型，首字母应大写，故填As。 【7题详解】 考查冠词。句意：川菜的特点是使用花椒，它提供了一种独特的麻的感觉。feeling表示“一种感觉”，泛指，使用不定冠词，且unique发音是以辅音音素开头，故填a。 【8题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：另一方面，湘菜以其大胆和辛辣的口味而闻名，其特点是将新鲜的辣椒和大蒜混合在一起，创造出强烈的辛辣味道。feature和逻辑主语flavors之间是主谓关系，使用现在分词作伴随状语，故填featuring。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：与令人困惑的四川菜相比，湖南菜的烹饪方式是如此的不同。compare和逻辑主语Hunan cooking之间是动宾关系，使用过去分词作状语，故填compared。 【10题详解】 考查副词。句意：“寻找那些在菜单上忠实再现湖南风味的餐馆或食谱确实值得一试，” Kho指出。修饰形容词worthwhile应用副词形式，故填truly。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·山东日照·期末） There is a real move towards clothing hire quality and sustainability, ____1____ has loads of benefits for us all. Like it or not, we are all guilty(内疚) of wanting the newest and latest in clothing trends. As we grow and change, it makes sense for our clothing needs ____2____(adjust) and reflect these changes. We are neither the person we were yesterday, ____3____ the person we will be tomorrow. Our moods change, and our clothing is a ____4____(reflect) of how we feel. So the solution to our constant consumerism is to look at ways to be resourceful while satisfying our ____5____(desire). Clothing rental is both a solution to our constant consumerism and a way to be more mindful of the waste the fashion industry produces. So far, we all ____6____(hear) about the impact of fashion on the environment; however, it feels so ____7____(remove) when we go shopping and happen upon racks of beautiful clothes. But it’s important to recognize that as ____8____ individual, the smallest of choices can have a butterfly effect across the world. Clothing rental is about fashion, experimenting with your style, saving money, and ____9____(be) mindful of our impact on the earth. Are you ready to try _____10_____ out and rent a dress for your next event? 【答案】1. which 2. to adjust 3. nor 4. reflection 5. desires 6. have heard 7. removed 8. an 9. being 10. it 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要论述了服装租赁行业兴起的现象及其背后的原因并鼓励租赁衣服。 【1题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：目前在服装租赁、品质和可持续性方面有一个切实的发展趋势，这对我们所有人都有诸多益处。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子 “There is a real move towards clothing hire, quality and sustainability”，关系词在从句中作主语，指代前面整个句子所描述的情况，所以用关系代词which引导该定语从句。故填which。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着我们的成长和变化，我们的服装需求做出调整并反映这些变化是有意义的。“it makes sense for sb./sth. to do sth.”是固定句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，所以此处用to adjust，表示“我们的服装需求做出调整”。故填to adjust。 【3题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：我们既不是昨天的自己，也不是明天的自己。“neither... nor...”是固定搭配，意为“既不……也不……”，所以此处填nor。故填nor。 【4题详解】 考查名词。句意：我们的心情会改变，而我们的穿着是我们感受的一种反映。根据空前的不定冠词“a”可知，此处应用名词reflection，意为“反映”作表语。故填reflection。 【5题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：所以，解决我们持续消费主义的办法是，在满足我们欲望的同时，寻找足智多谋的方式。desire作“欲望”讲时是可数名词，根据语境，这里指多种欲望，所以用复数形式desires。故填desires。 【6题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，我们都已经听说过时尚对环境的影响。根据时间状语“So far（到目前为止）”可知，此处强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has +过去分词”，主语“we”是复数，所以用have heard。故填have heard。 【7题详解】 考查形容词。句意：然而，当我们去购物，偶然看到一排排漂亮的衣服时，（时尚对环境的影响）感觉如此遥远。feel是系动词，此处应用形容词removed作表语，意为“遥远的；远离的”。故填removed。 【8题详解】 考查冠词。句意：但重要的是要认识到，作为一个个体，最小的选择都可能在全球产生蝴蝶效应。individual意为“个人”，是可数名词，此处表示泛指“一个个体”，且individual是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：服装租赁关乎时尚、尝试你的风格、省钱，以及关注我们对地球的影响。and连接并列成分，此处与“fashion, experimenting with your style, saving money”并列，作介词“about”的宾语，所以用动名词being。故填being。 【10题详解】 考查代词。句意：你准备好尝试一下，为你的下一个活动租一件衣服了吗？此处指代上文提到的“Clothing rental（服装租赁）”，用代词it。故填it。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·山东宁阳·期末） The most successful way to teach your children about purpose is through modeling. Children are keen observers — they don’t just hear what we say; they see what we do. If you want to teach your children about purpose, the most ____1____ (power) way is by living it out yourself. When you pursue (追求) activities and hobbies ____2____ light you up — things that feel purposeful to you — your children will notice. They’ll see you deeply engaged in something that brings you joy and fulfillment, and that can spark their own ____3____ (curious). Your example might not lead them ____4____ the exact same passions you have, but it will give them the courage ____5____ (seek) out their own. It will show them that it’s not just okay but necessary to pursue what is meaningful to them. This is what I like to call generational growth. Instead of passing down limiting ____6____ (belief), you’re passing down the idea that purpose is something you ____7____ (active) create. By being ____8____ example of a purposeful life, you give your children permission to do the same when they grow ____8____ (old). This approach is incredibly effective because it’s not just about telling your kids how to live — it’s about showing them how. And even if their path _____10_____ (look) different from yours, they’ll have the confidence to pursue their own journey with purpose. 【答案】1. powerful 2. that##which 3. curiosity 4. to 5. to seek 6. beliefs 7. actively 8. an 8. older 10. looks 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍教导孩子目标感最有效的方式是以身作则。父母践行有意义的事。 【1题详解】 考查形容词。句意：如果你想教导孩子树立目标，那么最有效的方式就是自己以身作则，践行目标。修饰名词way用形容词powerful。故填powerful。 【2题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：当你投身于那些能让你感到快乐、让你觉得有意义的活动和爱好时——那些对你而言具有明确目的的事情——你的孩子是会注意到的。定语从句修饰先行词activities and hobbies，在从句作主语，指物，故填that/which。 【3题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们会看到你全身心地投入到一件能给你带来快乐和满足感的事情当中，而这也会激发他们自身的探索欲。作动词的宾语，用名词curiosity，是不可数名词。故填curiosity。 【4题详解】 考查介词。句意：你的例子或许无法让他们完全拥有与你相同的热情，但会让他们有足够的勇气去探寻属于自己的热情所在。短语lead sb. to sth.表示“让某人……”。故填to。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：你的例子或许无法让他们完全拥有与你相同的热情，但会让他们有足够的勇气去探寻属于自己的热情所在。名词courage后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to seek。 【6题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：与其传递那些限制性的观念，不如传递这样一个理念：目标并非是被动形成的，而是需要你积极去创造的。此处需要名词作宾语，数量大于一用复数形式。故填beliefs。 【7题详解】 考查副词。句意：与其传递那些限制性的观念，不如传递这样一个理念：目标并非是被动形成的，而是需要你积极去创造的。修饰动词create用副词actively。故填actively。 【8题详解】 考查冠词。句意：通过以积极向上的态度过着有意义的生活，你为孩子们树立了榜样，让他们在长大后也能如此行事。此处example为泛指，且是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 【8题详解】 考查比较级。句意：通过以积极向上的态度过着有意义的生活，你为孩子们树立了榜样，让他们在长大后也能如此行事。此处表示长大后，与现在进行比较，应用比较级形式，故填older。 【10题详解】 考查时态。句意：即便他们的道路与你的不同，他们也会有足够的信心去坚定地踏上自己的征程，朝着目标前行。从句用一般现在时表将来，主语为path，谓语用三单形式。故填looks。 Passage 3 （24-25学年高一下·山东滨州·期末） And now, how can I look back upon the impression left upon me by that walk under the waters? Words are not enough ____1____ (relate) such wonders. Captain Nemo walked in front, one of his men following some steps behind. Conseil and I remained near each other, as if an exchange of words had been possible through our metal cases. I no longer felt the ____2____ (weigh) of my clothes, or of my shoes, of my air supply, or my thick helmet, inside which my head ____3____ (shake) like a nut in its shell. The light, which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean, ____4____ (astonish) me by its power. The solar rays shone through the watery mass easily, and consumed all colour, and I clearly distinguished objects at a ____5____ (距离) or a hundred and fifty yards. Beyond that the colours ____6____ (dark) into fine shades of deep blue, and ____7____ (gradual) disappeared. Truly this water which ____8____ (surround) me was but another air heavier than the Earth’s atmosphere, but almost as clear. Above me was the calm surface of the sea. We were walking on fine, even sand, not wrinkled as on a flat shore, which keeps the impression of the waves. This dazzling carpet, really a reflector, drove away the rays of the sun with wonderful intensity which a ____9____ (解释；是……的原因) for the vibration which passed through every atom of liquid. Shall I be believed when I say that, at the _____10_____ (deep) of thirty feet, I could see as if it was in broad daylight? 【答案】1. to relate 2. weight 3. shook 4. astonished 5. distance 6. darkened 7. gradually 8. surrounded 9. accounted 10. depth 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文简单介绍了作者在海底漫步时所见的奇妙景象与独特感受。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，我该如何回顾那次水下漫步给我留下的印象呢？言语不足以描述这样的奇迹。be enough to do为固定短语，意为“足够做某事”。故填to relate。 【2题详解】 考查名词。句意：我不再感觉到我衣服、鞋子、供气设备或厚重头盔的重量，我的头在里面就像坚果在壳里一样摇晃。作动词felt的宾语，空处应用名词weight，表示“重量”。故填weight。 【3题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：同上。设空处使用动词作which引导的定语从句中的谓语动词，句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填shook。 【4题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：光线照亮了海底三十英尺处的土壤，它的威力让我惊叹。设空处使用动词作谓语，句子描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填astonished。 【5题详解】 考查名词。句意：我能清楚地分辨出一百五十码左右的物体。空处作介词at的宾语，应用名词；根据汉语提示，表示“距离”用distance。故填distance。 【6题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：除此之外，颜色变暗成深蓝色的细微色调，并逐渐消失。设空处使用动词作谓语，dark的动词为darken，意为“使变暗”，根据后文的disappeared可知，句子描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时，设空处使用动词过去式与后文disappeared构成并列。故填darkened。 【7题详解】 考查副词。句意：同上。修饰动词disappeared应用副词gradually作状语，表示“逐渐地”。故填gradually。 【8题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：确，包围我的水不过是比地球大气层更重的另一种空气，但几乎一样清澈。设空处使用动词作which引导定语从句的谓语动词，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。故填surrounded。 【9题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：这张耀眼的地毯真是一个反射器，它以奇妙的强度驱散了太阳的光线，这解释了穿过液体每个原子的振动。设空处使用动词作which引导定语从句的谓语动词，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时；表示“解释……；是……的原因”应用动词短语account。故填accounted。 【10题详解】 考查名词。句意：当我说在三十英尺深的地方，我能够像在白天一样看得清楚，你会相信我吗？作介词at的宾语，空处应用名词depth，表示“深度”。故填depth。 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25学年高一下·山东寿光·期末） The snow leopard, a rare large cat which has pale grey fur patterned with dark blotches and rings, is native ____1____ the high-altitude regions of central Asia. They are solitary (独 居的) animals known for their incredible ability ____2____ (climb) steep cliffs. Due to habitat loss and climate change, the species ____3____ (list) as endangered in 1972 and reclassified as vulnerable (脆弱的) in 2017, and is still considered to be in decline. Conservation efforts are ____4____ (current) being carried out to protect them. But snow leopards range across vast ____5____ (area) of remote, mountainous landscapes, making them one of the most difficult to study in the wild. India’s first-ever survey of snow leopards has estimated that there are more than seven hundred of the big cats ____6____ (live) in the country’s six mountainous regions. The survey was conducted between 2019 and 2023 and led by the Wildlife Trust of India, ____7____ set up 1971 camera traps covering 120, 000 square kilometers of habitat. These regular assessments offer valuable insights for identifying challenges, addressing threats and formulating ____8____ (effect) conservation strategies. “The snow leopard is a beautiful and mysterious animal, but it’s far more than that,” says George Schaller, the biologist who took ____9____ first photo of a snow leopard in Pakistan in 1971. “It tends to _____10_____ (symbol) an area, so if you protect it, you protect an area for the benefit of all the wildlife and local communities.” 【答案】1. to 2. to climb 3. was listed 4. currently 5. areas 6. living 7. which 8. effective 9. the 10. symbolise##symbolize 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了雪豹的生存状况及保护措施。 【1题详解】 考查介词。句意：雪豹是一种罕见的大型猫科动物，皮毛呈浅灰色，带有深色斑点和环纹，原产于中亚的高海拔地区。be native to“原产于”是固定搭配，其中to为介词。故填to。 【2题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它们是独居动物，以其惊人的攀爬陡峭悬崖的能力而闻名。本句谓语为examined，此处为非谓语动词，ability后常接不定式作后置定语，表示“做某事的能力”，本空用climb“攀爬”的不定式。故填to climb。 【3题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：由于栖息地丧失和气候变化，该物种于1972年被列为濒危物种，并于2017年重新归类为脆弱物种，目前仍被认为处于下降状态。根据时间状语in 1972可知，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，且主语the species与list“把……列入一览表”之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was listed。 【4题详解】 考查副词。句意：目前正在进行保护工作以保护它们。本空修饰动词短语being carried out，作状语，用副词currently“目前”。故填currently。 【5题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：但雪豹的活动范围横跨了广阔、偏远、多山的景观区域，这使得它们成为野外最难研究的动物之一。area“区域”是可数名词，此处指不止一个地区，用复数形式，作across的宾语。故填areas。 【6题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：印度首次对雪豹进行的调查估计，在该国的六个山区有超过700只这种大型猫科动物生活。本句已有谓语动词are，所以live“生活”用非谓语形式，逻辑主语seven hundred of the big cats与live之间是主动关系，用现在分词，作后置定语。故填living。 【7题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这项调查于2019年至2023年进行，由印度野生动物信托基金领导，该基金设置了1971个相机陷阱，覆盖了12万平方公里的栖息地。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the Wildlife Trust of India，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 【8题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这些定期评估为识别挑战、应对威胁和制定有效的保护策略提供了宝贵的见解。本空修饰名词conservation strategies，用形容词effective“有效的”，作定语。故填effective。 【9题详解】 考查冠词。句意：“雪豹是一种美丽而神秘的动物，但它的意义远不止于此，”1971年在巴基斯坦拍摄到第一张雪豹照片的生物学家乔治·夏勒说。序数词first前需加定冠词the。故填the。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它往往象征着一个地区，所以如果你保护它，你就为保护所有野生动物和当地社区的利益而保护了一个地区。tend to do sth.“倾向于做某事”是固定用法，所以此处用动词原形symbolize或symbolise“象征”，to symbolize/symbolise作tends的宾语。故填symbolize/symbolise。 Passage 2 （24-25学年高一下·山东青州·期末） The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). ___1___ (cover)an area about three times ___2___ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that ___3___ (be)previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___4___ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP ___5___ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ___6___ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___7___ (population)and homes of giant pandas, and ___8___ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild. Giant pandas also serve ___9___ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _____10_____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 【答案】1. Covering 2. the 3. were 4. to increase 5. is designed 6. and 7. populations 8. eventually 9. as 10. that 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国政府决定建立的大熊猫国家公园(GPNP)的计划。 【1题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。分析句子可知，空处应填动词非谓语形式作状语，空处和逻辑主语the GPNP为主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语，首字母大写。故填Covering。 【2题详解】 考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。分析句子可知，此处考查倍数表达法，即为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份，因此此处应填定冠词the。故填the。 【3题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知，空处在that引导的定语从句中作谓语，先行词为a significant number of areas，先行词在从句中作主语，根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时，根据主谓一致，从句主语复数，从句谓语要用复数形式。故填were。 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。分析句子可知，空处应填动词非谓语形式作目的状语，故空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to increase。 【5题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。分析句子可知，空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语应用单数形式。故填is designed。 【6题详解】 考查连词。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。分析句子可知，空处前后为并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。 【7题详解】 考查名词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。分析句子可知，空处和and后的复数名词homes并列，且在句中作宾语，应用可数名词population ，意为“种群”，且应用复数形式。故填populations。 【8题详解】 考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。分析句子可知，空处后为动词achieve，空处应用副词作状语修饰动词achieve，结合语意可知，此处意为“最终”，应用副词eventually。故填eventually。 【9题详解】 考查介词。句意：大熊猫还扮演着保护伞的角色，为中国西南和西北地区的许多动植物带来保护。分析句子可知，此处考查固定短语serve as，意为“充当”，故空处应填介词as。故填as。 【10题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。分析句子可知，空处考查引导限制性定语从句的关系词，指代先行词species，指物，在从句中作主语，且先行词前有all修饰，故只能用关系代词that。故填that。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 语言知识 语法填空 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1【答案】1. admitted 2. amazing 3. views 3. and 5. where 6. was discovered 7. their 8. a 8. rapidly 10. were Passage 2【答案】1. which 2. has been passed 3. Hanging 4. as 5. carried 6. it 7. especially 8. leaves 9. safer 10. wisdom Passage 3【答案】1. to bring 2. updated 3. which 4. relaxing 5. with 6. policies 7. and 8. the 9. safer 10. is banned Passage 4【答案】1. to improve 2. which 3. on 4. or 5. qualified 6.targeting 7. a 8. emergencies 9. regularly 10. are encouraged Passage 5【答案】1. a 2. includes 3. undoubtedly 4. that 5. to date 6. on 7. brought 8. was listed 9. recognition 10. its 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1【答案】1. oldest 2. that##which 3. challenging##challengeable 4. depending 5. is growing 6. increases 7. easier 8. to promote 9. resources 10. an Passage 2【答案】1. is considered 2. loved 3. but 4. to pass 5. a 6. gradually 7. as 8. who 9. occasions 10. leaving Passage 3【答案】1. the 2. to study 3. which 4. posts 5. teaching 6. in 7. importance 8. held 9. and 10. was established Passage 4【答案】1. is intended 2. threatens 3. when 4. variety 5. have shown 6. contributes 7. loss 8. recommended 9. surprising 10. a##per 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1【答案】1. popularity 2. affordable 3. has attracted 4. specifically 5. to fight 6. reduced 7. who##that 8. leading 9. what 10. to Passage 2【答案】1. reflects 2. allowing 3. to improve 4. employees 5. used 6. an 7. unfriendly 8. Honestly 9. which 10. for Passage 3【答案】1. have been listed 2. entries 3. was discovered 3. the 5. relatively 6. carved 7. in 8. combining 8. why 10. and Passage 4【答案】1. at 2. confusion 3. was introduced 4. sought 5. where##and 6. As 7. a 8. featuring 9. compared 10. truly 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1【答案】1. which 2. to adjust 3. nor 4. reflection 5. desires 6. have heard 7. removed 8. an 9. being 10. it Passage 2【答案】1. powerful 2. that##which 3. curiosity 4. to 5. to seek 6. beliefs 7. actively 8. an 8. older 10. looks Passage 3【答案】1. to relate 2. weight 3. shook 4. astonished 5. distance 6. darkened 7. gradually 8. surrounded 9. accounted 10. depth 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1【答案】1. to 2. to climb 3. was listed 4. currently 5. areas 6. living 7. which 8. effective 9. the 10. symbolise##symbolize Passage 2【答案】1. Covering 2. the 3. were 4. to increase 5. is designed 6. and 7. populations 8. eventually 9. as 10. that / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $