精品解析：北京市西城区2025-2026学年度第二学期北京育才学校高一英语期中考试试卷

2025-2026学年度第二学期北京育才学校高一英语 期中考试试卷 (考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 第Ⅰ卷(共100分) I．听力理解(共三节，30分) 第一节：(共4小题;每小题2分，共8分) 听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. What will the man do on Saturday morning? A. Go swimming. B. Work extra hours. C Take Grandma to hospital. 2. What does the woman like about the movie? A. The storyline. B. The music. C. The characters. 3. When should the speakers arrive at the airport? A. Before 4:00. B. Before 3:30. C. Before 3:15. 4. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Stay focused on the class B. Do more difficult math questions. C. Turn to her math teacher for help. 第二节：(共6小题;每小题2分，共12分) 听下面三段对话，每段对话后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。 听第5段材料，回答第5至第6小题。 5. Where are the man’s keys? A. On the sofa. B. In his father’s bag. C. On the table. 6. What will the woman do in the afternoon? A. Stay at home. B. Play badminton. C. Repair the keys. 听第6段材料，回答第7至第8小题。 7 What was the main reason the man quit his job? A. He felt stressed B. His salary was low. C. The job was boring. 8. What is the possible relationship between the two speakers? A. Couple. B. Cousins. C. Friends. 听第7段材料，回答第9至第10小题。 9. How did the man practice English pronunciation? A. By speaking to foreign teachers. B. By repeating after a recording. C. By using an app on his phone. 10. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Learning English with educational apps. B. Improving English pronunciation. C. Choosing apps carefully. 第三节：(共5小题：每小题2分，共10分) 听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第11题至第15题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。 The Model Z A new product to change people’s minds about electric cars Features ◇Focus on how 11 a vehicle is. The Model Z has industry-leading body and battery technology to reduce 12 during accidents. ◇Charging options have been upgraded. Travel up to 13 miles on a single charge. The number of charging stations has been increased by 50% 14 . ◇Provide the best interior experience. It can seat up to 7 adults. It has an expansive 20-inch touchscreen TV, 15 seats with soft touch materials and a system that keeps inside air fresh and clean. II．完形填空(共15小题;每小题2分，共30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I never understood my grandmother’s deep love for her old wooden box until the day she handed it to me. The box, carved with delicate patterns, had accompanied her through sixty years of life. “Some things take time to reveal their true ____1____,” she said softly. When I first opened the box, I felt ____2____. It contained nothing but broken clay pieces, faded photographs, and some yellowed letters. ____3____ my disappointment, Grandma simply smiled and said, “Patience, my child.” Over the following weeks, I ____4____ studied each item. The clay pieces, when ____5____ fitted together, formed a beautiful vase her mother had made. The photographs told stories of our family’s history, while the letters ____6____ my grandfather’s love during the war. One rainy afternoon, as I was carefully ____7____ the last piece of the vase, I suddenly understood. This wasn’t just a collection of ____8____ objects; it was the story of a life, patiently waiting to be ____9____. The process taught me more than just family history. It taught me about the ____10____ of patience and attention. In our fast-paced world, we often ____11____ the beauty that requires time to discover. We expect instant results and immediate understanding, ____12____ some treasures only reveal themselves to those willing to wait. Now, when I feel ____13____ or frustrated by life’s challenges, I remember that wooden box. I remember that some understanding cannot be ____14____; it must be earned through patient exploration. And like my grandmother’s wisdom, the most valuable lessons often come ____15____, wrapped in simplicity and waiting for the right moment to be discovered. 1. A. value B. purpose C. secret D. origin 2. A. excited B. disappointed C. curious D. amazed 3. A. Noticing B. Showing C. Hiding D. Expressing 4. A. carelessly B. nervously C. patiently D. potentially 5. A. constantly B. perfectly C. finally D. properly 6. A. studied B. revealed C. created D. discussed 7. A. cleaning B. painting C. placing D. holding 8. A. expensive B. ancient C. ordinary D. rare 9. A. discovered B. created C. changed D. analyzed 10. A. lesson B. cost C. power D. result 11. A. forget B. miss C. see D. destroy 12. A. while B. because C. unless D. though 13. A. pleased B. lost C. hurt D. afraid 14. A. taught B. rushed C. bought D. explained 15. A. quietly B. obviously C. directly D. frequently 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. C 9. A 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. B 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者起初不理解祖母对旧木盒的喜爱，在祖母将木盒交给作者后，作者起初打开看到破碎陶片、褪色照片和泛黄信件时感到失望，但随后几周耐心研究这些物品，发现它们背后蕴含着家族故事、祖母母亲的爱以及祖父在战争中的爱，从而领悟到这木盒不只是物品集合，更是一个生命的故事，需要耐心去发现。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些东西需要时间来揭示它们的真正价值。A. value价值；B. purpose目的；C. secret秘密；D. origin起源。根据第二段的“It contained nothing but broken clay pieces, faded photographs, and some yellowed letters”和“Patience, my child”以及下文提到作者研究盒子里这些物品，发现它们背后蕴含着家族故事、祖母母亲的爱以及祖父在战争中的爱可知，盒子里的东西是有价值的。故选A。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次打开盒子时，我感到失望。A. excited兴奋的；B. disappointed失望的；C. curious好奇的；D. amazed惊讶的。根据后文“It contained nothing but broken clay pieces, faded photographs, and some yellowed letters.”可知盒子里只有破碎的陶片、褪色的照片和泛黄的信件，所以作者感到失望，故选B。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：注意到我的失望，奶奶只是微笑着说：“孩子，要有耐心。”A. Noticing注意到；B. Showing展示；C. Hiding隐藏；D. Expressing表达。根据下文“my disappointment, Grandma simply smiled and said, “Patience, my child.””可知，奶奶是注意到了作者的失望，所以才说要有耐心，故选A。 【4题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几周里，我耐心地研究每一件物品。A. carelessly粗心地；B. nervously紧张地；C. patiently耐心地；D. potentially潜在地。根据上文“Patience, my child”可知，作者耐心地研究每一件物品，故选C。 【5题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这些陶片，当恰当地拼合在一起时，形成了一个她母亲制作的美丽花瓶。A. constantly不断地；B. perfectly完美地；C. finally最后；D. properly合适地。根据下文“formed a beautiful vase”可知，要把陶片拼成花瓶，应该是恰当地拼合，故选D。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些照片讲述了我们家族的历史，而这些信件揭示了爷爷在战争期间的爱。A. studied学习；B. revealed揭示；C. created创造；D. discussed讨论。根据上文letters和下文“my grandfather’s love during the war”可知，信件能揭示爷爷的爱，故选B。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个下雨的下午，当我小心翼翼地放置花瓶的最后一块碎片时，我突然明白了。A. cleaning清理；B. painting绘画；C. placing放置；D. holding握住。根据第5空后的“fitted together”和下文“last piece of the vase”可知，作者把陶片拼起来，所以此处是指放置花瓶的最后一块碎片，故选C。 【8题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这不仅仅是一堆普通物品的集合；它是一个生命的故事，耐心地等待着被发现。A. expensive昂贵的；B. ancient古老的；C. ordinary普通的；D. rare稀有的。根据第二段“clay pieces, faded photographs, and some yellowed letters”可知，盒子里的东西看上去是普通的物品。故选C。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不仅仅是一堆普通物品的集合；它是一个生命的故事，耐心地等待着被发现。A. discovered发现；B. created创造；C. changed改变；D. analyzed分析。根据上文“reveal their true”可知，此处是指发现这些故事。故选A。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它教会了我耐心和专注的力量。A. lesson课程；B. cost成本；C. power力量；D. result结果。根据下文“patience and attention”和下文“some treasures only reveal themselves to those willing to wait”可知，此处是指耐心和专注是有力量的。故选C。 【11题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们这个快节奏的世界里，我们常常错过需要时间才能发现的美。A. forget忘记；B. miss错过；C. see看见；D. destroy破坏。根据上文“In our fast-paced world”和下文“We expect instant results and immediate understanding”可知，在快节奏的世界里，我们会错过需要时间才能发现的美。故选B。 【12题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：我们期望立刻得到结果，立刻理解，而有些珍宝只向愿意等待的人展现自己。A. while然而；B. because因为；C. unless除非；D. though虽然。根据上文“We expect instant results and immediate understanding”和下文“some treasures only reveal themselves to those willing to wait”可知，我们期望立刻得到结果，而有些宝贵的东西只有愿意等待的人才能看见。故选A。 【13题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，当我对生活的挑战感到迷茫或沮丧时，我会想起那个木盒子。A. pleased高兴的；B. lost迷茫的；C. hurt受伤的；D. afraid害怕的。根据下文“or frustrated by life’s challenges”可知，此处是指对生活中的挑战感到迷茫。故选B。 【14题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得有些理解不能急于求成；它必须通过耐心的探索来获得。A. taught教；B. rushed匆忙；C. bought买；D. explained解释。根据下文“it must be earned through patient exploration”可知，有些理解不能匆忙获得。故选B。 【15题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：就像我祖母的智慧一样，最有价值的教训往往是默不作声地，包裹在简单之中，等待着合适的时机被发现。A. quietly悄悄地；B. obviously明显地；C. directly直接地；D. frequently频繁地。根据下文“wrapped in simplicity and waiting for the right moment to be discovered”可知，此处指最有价值的教训会默不作声地出现。故选A。 III．阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，共30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A What is PayQuick? PayQuick is a fast payment service for shopping in the biggest supermarket in the UK — Tesco. It allows you to add your credit or debit card details to the app so you can use your smartphone to pay for your shopping with just one scan, which means you can go wallet-free in all UK Tesco stores. What are the benefits? ●Collect your Tesco points automatically ●Pay for your weekly shopping up to £250 ●Use PayQuick offline, even with no signal ●Track your spending in Tesco However, only one qualifying deal per week will collect the extra Tesco points. Additional payments in the same week won’t receive extra points. Tesco points will be added to your future Tesco points statement. How to get your PayQuick? Available to new customers who sign up by 3rd May 2024, the PayQuick app can be downloaded from the App Store or our official website. Once you have the app on your phone, register your personal details on the app to get an account. Note that for each customer, only one account is allowed and a family shared account will not be acknowledged. Finally, with all the preparation work done, you’ll be ready to shop using just your phone. Plus, there’s no need to worry about your bank details being stored on your phone — they’re all securely protected in our data centers. So not only is it quicker and easier, it’s safer than going shopping with your wallet as well. 16. If customers use PayQuick in UK Tesco stores, they can ________. A. get their Tesco points automatically B. purchase things only offline C. keep track of their daily spending D. pay for their shopping without limit 17. PayQuick users are NOT allowed to ________. A. register by 3rd May 2024 B. download the PayQuick app C. share the account with their family D. bring their phones with them 18. What is the author’s intention in writing this passage? A. To ensure the safety of PayQuick. B. To popularize the use of PayQuick. C. To stress the importance of PayQuick. D. To introduce the application of PayQuick. 【答案】16. A 17. C 18. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了英国最大超市Tesco推出的快速支付服务PayQuick的相关信息、优势及使用方法。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据What are the benefits?部分中的“Collect your Tesco points automatically (自动收集你的Tesco积分)”可知，如果顾客使用PayQuick，他们可以自动获得Tesco积分。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据How to get your PayQuick?部分的“Note that for each customer, only one account is allowed and a family shared account will not be acknowledged.(每位用户仅可注册一个账号，不认可家庭共用账号。)”可知，用户不可以和家人共用同一个账号。 【18题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段“PayQuick is a fast payment service for shopping in the biggest supermarket in the UK — Tesco. It allows you to add your credit or debit card details to the app so you can use your smartphone to pay for your shopping with just one scan, which means you can go wallet-free in all UK Tesco stores. (PayQuick是英国最大的超市Tesco购物的快速支付服务。它允许您将信用卡或借记卡详细信息添加到应用程序中，这样您就可以使用智能手机只需扫描一次即可支付购物费用，这意味着您可以在所有英国乐购商店无需携带钱包。)”可知，文章主要介绍了英国最大超市Tesco推出的快速支付服务PayQuick，包括其优势、使用方法以及安全性等信息，旨在推广PayQuick的使用，因此，本文的目的是推广PayQuick的使用。 B “Are you all right?” the student asked as she passed me in the hallway. I was in the final stretch of last work before writing my essay. The student, who was 4 years behind me in the same Ph. D. program, went on to say, “I see people from your group working so much, putting in extra hours, even at night.” It set me thinking a lot. As a first-year Ph. D. student, I was lucky to have kind and understanding advisers. But I felt overwhelming pressure to become a perfect student. I kept finding a million reasons why I was coming into graduate school at a disadvantage compared with my peers. As a student from Colombia, I had been educated at institutions my professors and colleagues had never heard of. I spoke with an accent that was hard to understand, and I was older than most of the people in my cohort. I noticed that most of the people around me seemed to be working all the time. I began to spend many weekday nights and weekends in the lab. But my strategy didn’t work. I crashed from burnout. The tiredness took a toll on my productivity and motivation. During one of many mindless Sundays in the office, I realized I’d fallen into the trap of assuming my colleagues’ work habits were the standard for belonging and being worthy of respect — and it wasn’t sustainable. From then on, I stopped counting the number of work hours I was putting in, leaving space every day for exercising and doing activities that I enjoyed. Finally, I realized nobody was keeping track of the amount of time I spent in the lab anyway and it wasn’t something I needed to worry about. I noticed that having more time for myself made me more rested and motivated when I went back to work. I continued quietly along this path for years, until that conversation in the hallway. So, when I ran into her again, weeks later, I told her that even though I was feeling a lot of pressure in the final year of my Ph. D., I was putting my mental and physical health first and wasn’t working overtime. I also began to talk with other students about how quality sleep, physical activity, healthy eating, and reasonable work hours were a daily part of my routine. 19. What can we learn about the student who talked to the author in the hallway? A. She spent much time on lab work. B. She had finished the Ph. D. program. C. She was putting in extra hours at night. D. She was concerned about the author. 20. How does the author feel about his work at first? A. Ambitious. B. Anxious. C. Disappointed. D. Enthusiastic. 21. Which can replace the underlined phrase “took a toll on” in Para. 3? A. added fuel to B. cast new light on C. had a negative impact on D. depended too much on 22. What does the author intend to tell us? A. Nothing is difficult to the man who will try. B. Every dog has his day. C. Fitting in doesn’t mean working overtime. D. A healthy work-life balance counts. 【答案】19. D 20. B 21. C 22. D 【解析】 【导语】作者通过讲述自己博士生的经历，讨论了在研究生院时，如何避免过度工作和压力，保持身心健康，提高个人工作效率。 【19题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的““Are you all right?” the student asked as she passed me in the hallway. I was in the final stretch of last work before writing my essay. The student, who was 4 years behind me in the same Ph. D. program, went on to say, “I see people from your group working so much, putting in extra hours, even at night.”(“你没事吧?”那个学生在走廊里从我身边经过时问道。在写论文之前，我正处于最后一项工作的最后阶段。那个比我晚4年读博士的学生接着说：“我看到你们组的人工作很努力，加班加点，甚至在晚上也加班。”)”可知，这个学生关注作者的情况，询问作者身体状况，所以是很关心作者。 【20题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“As a first-year Ph. D. student, I was lucky to have kind and understanding advisers. But I felt overwhelming pressure to become a perfect student. I kept finding a million reasons why I was coming into graduate school at a disadvantage compared with my peers. As a student from Colombia, I had been educated at institutions my professors and colleagues had never heard of. I spoke with an accent that was hard to understand, and I was older than most of the people in my cohort. (作为一名一年级的博士生，我很幸运有善良、善解人意的导师。但我感到了成为一个完美学生的巨大压力。我一直在找无数个理由，为什么我进入研究生院时，与同龄人相比处于劣势。作为一名来自哥伦比亚的学生，我在教授和同事们从未听说过的机构接受教育，我说话的口音让人听不懂，而且我比同龄人中的大多数人都年长)”可知，作者在刚开始的时候感到压力很大，担心自己的口音和年龄，所以，起初作者是感觉焦虑的。 【21题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线短语前的“I crashed from burnout.(我精疲力竭了)”以及后文“During one of many mindless Sundays in the office, I realized I’d fallen into the trap of assuming my colleagues’ work habits were the standard for belonging and being worthy of respect — and it wasn’t sustainable.(在办公室里度过的无所事事的星期天里，我意识到自己掉进了一个陷阱，以为同事的工作习惯就是归属感和值得尊重的标准——而这是不可持续的)”可知，作者精疲力竭，在办公室工作时，毫无头绪，所以疲劳影响了他的工作效率，由此推知took a toll on是“对……有负面影响”之意，和C项意思相近。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“From then on, I stopped counting the number of work hours I was putting in, leaving space every day for exercising and doing activities that I enjoyed. Finally, I realized nobody was keeping track of the amount of time I spent in the lab anyway and it wasn’t something I needed to worry about. (从那以后，我不再计算自己的工作时长，每天留出时间锻炼身体、做自己喜欢的事。最终我明白，本来就没人在意我在实验室待了多久，这件事根本没必要忧心)”以及最后一段“So, when I ran into her again, weeks later, I told her that even though I was feeling a lot of pressure in the final year of my Ph. D., I was putting my mental and physical health first and wasn’t working overtime. I also began to talk with other students about how quality sleep, physical activity, healthy eating, and reasonable work hours were a daily part of my routine. (所以，几周后，当我再次遇到她时，我告诉她，尽管我在博士学位的最后一年感到压力很大，但我还是把心理和身体健康放在第一位，没有加班。我也开始和其他学生谈论高质量的睡眠、体育锻炼、健康的饮食和合理的工作时间是我日常生活的一部分)”可知，作者主要想要告诉读者健康的工作与生活平衡很重要。 C Living in a city is a well-known risk factor for developing a mental disorder, while living close to nature is largely beneficial for mental health and the brain. A central brain region, the amygdala (杏仁核) involved in stress processing, has been shown to be less activated during stress in people living in rural areas, compared to those who live in cities, hinting at the potential benefits of nature. “But so far the hen-and-egg problem could not be resolved, namely whether nature actually caused the effects in the brain or whether the particular individuals chose to live in rural or urban regions,” says Sonja Sudimac. To achieve causal evidence, the researchers from the group examined brain activity in regions involved in stress processing in 63 healthy volunteers before and after a one-hour walk in Grunewald forest or a shopping street with traffic in Berlin. The results revealed that activity in the amygdala decreased after the walk in nature, suggesting that nature elicits beneficial effects on brain regions related to stress. “The results support the previously assumed positive relationship between nature and brain health, but this is the first study to prove the causal link. Interestingly, the brain activity after the urban walk in these regions remained stable and showed no increases, which argues against a commonly held view that urban exposure causes additional stress,” explains Simone Kühn, head of the group. The authors show that nature has a positive impact on brain regions involved in stress processing and that it can already be observed after a one-hour walk. This contributes to the understanding of how our physical living environment affects brain and mental health. Even a short exposure to nature decreases amygdala activity, suggesting that a walk in nature could serve as a preventive measure against developing mental health problems and reducing the potentially disadvantageous impact of the city on the brain. In order to investigate beneficial effects of nature in different populations and age groups, the researchers are currently working on a study examining how a one-hour walk in natural versus urban environments impacts stress in mothers and their babies. 23. What does the hen-and-egg problem mean by Sonja Sudimac? A. Living in rural areas actually affects brain activity. B. People in cities tend to have a higher risk of mental problems. C. It’s unnecessary to work out the complex issue of stress and health. D. It’s hard to clarify the impact of living environment on mental health. 24. How did researchers collect evidence for the study? A. By quoting authoritative experts. B. By interviewing healthy volunteers. C. By researching on a previous theory. D. By comparing volunteers’ amygdala activities. 25. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A. Benefits of a regular walk in nature. B. The focus of the follow-up research. C. An appeal for living in urban regions. D. Nature’s positive effects on women and children. 26. Which of the following best serves as the title of the passage? A. Nature Exposure: Benefits for Brain Stress B. Urban-Rural Living: Mental Impact Debates C. Amygdala Activity: Key to Stress Relief D. Urban Environment: Brain Health Risks 【答案】23. D 24. D 25. B 26. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于自然对人大脑产生的影响的研究结果。研究发现，接近自然环境会使与压力相关的大脑区域杏仁核的活动减少，因此对大脑和心理健康有益。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“But so far the hen-and-egg problem could not be resolved, namely whether nature actually caused the effects in the brain or whether the particular individuals chose to live in rural or urban regions(但到目前为止，‘先有鸡还是先有蛋’的问题仍未得到解决，即，究竟是自然真的对大脑产生了这些影响，还是特定个体选择了在农村或城市地区居住)”可知，Sonja Sudimac的“母鸡和鸡蛋的问题”意味着生活环境对精神健康的影响很难说清楚。故选D。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“To achieve causal evidence, the researchers from the group examined brain activity in regions involved in stress processing in 63 healthy volunteers before and after a one-hour walk in Grunewald forest or a shopping street with traffic in Berlin. The results revealed that activity in the amygdala decreased after the walk in nature, suggesting that nature elicits beneficial effects on brain regions related to stress.(为了获取因果关系的证据，该研究小组的科研人员对63名健康志愿者在柏林格鲁内瓦尔德森林或一条车水马龙的商业街散步一小时前后，大脑中参与压力处理的区域的活动情况进行了检测。结果显示，在自然环境中散步后，杏仁核的活动减少，这表明自然对与压力相关的大脑区域产生了有益影响。)”可知，研究人员通过比较志愿者的杏仁核活动来为这项研究收集证据。故选D。 【25题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“In order to investigate beneficial effects of nature in different populations and age groups, the researchers are currently working on a study examining how a one-hour walk in natural versus urban environments impacts stress in mothers and their babies.(为了探究自然对不同人群和年龄段的益处，研究人员目前正在进行一项研究，考察在自然与城市环境中散步一小时对母亲及其婴儿压力的影响。)”可知，最后一段主要讲的是后续研究的重点。故选B。 【26题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“The results revealed that activity in the amygdala decreased after the walk in nature, suggesting that nature elicits beneficial effects on brain regions related to stress.(结果显示，在自然环境中散步后，杏仁核的活动减少，这表明自然对与压力相关的大脑区域产生了有益影响。)”可知，本文主要讲的是研究发现，接近自然环境会使与压力相关的大脑区域杏仁核的活动减少，因此对大脑和心理健康有益，因此最好的标题是A选项“Nature Exposure: Benefits for Brain Stress(接触自然：对大脑压力的益处)”。故选A。 D You spend a third of your life asleep, a certain part of which involves dreaming. But most often, you don’t remember any of your dreams. While the exact reason of why we can hardly recall our dreams is not fully known, scientists have gotten some insight into memory processes during sleep, leading to several ideas that may explain our forgetfulness. You are awake, but is your hippocampus (海马体) awake? When we fall asleep, not all the brain’s regions go offline at the same time. Researchers have found one of the last regions to go to sleep is the hippocampus, a structure in brain that is important for moving information from short-term memory into long-term memory. “If the hippocampus is the last to go to sleep, it could very well be the last to wake up, ” said Thomas Andrillon, a neuroscientist at Monash University in Melbourne, Australia. “So, you could have this window where you wake up with a dream in your short-term memory, but since the hippocampus is not fully awake yet, your brain is not able to keep that memory,” Andrillon told Live Science. While this might explain why dream memories are so fleeting, it doesn’t mean that your hippocampus has been inactive throughout the night. In fact, this region is quite active during sleep, and appears to be storing and caring for existing memories to strengthen them, instead of listening for incoming new experiences. Sometimes your dreams are just not memorable? Do you remember what you were thinking about this morning when brushing your teeth? Our minds wander all the time, but we get rid of most of those thoughts as unimportant information. Dreams, especially ordinary ones, may be just like daydreaming thoughts and believed by the brain to be too useless to remember. But dreams that are more vivid, emotional and coherent(连贯的)seem to be better remembered-perhaps because they cause more awakening, and their organized story makes them easier to store. If you are interested in improving your dream recall, there are a few tricks to try. One is drinking water before bed, because it will make you wake up at night to use the bathroom. These middle-of-the-night awakenings are frequently accompanied by dream recall. Repeatedly reminding yourself that you want to remember your dreams may increase your chances, and so does keeping a dream journal, some studies have suggested. Upon waking up, hang on to that fragile(脆弱的)dream memory: keep your eyes closed, stay still and replay the dream memory, until your hippocampus catches up and properly stores the memory. 27. What can we learn about dreams from the passage? A. Dreaming means processing memory during sleeping. B. Dreams come from your hippocampus. C. Dreams are sometimes useless for us to remember. D. We need special trainings to recall our dreams. 28. You can’t remember your dreams when you wake up probably because ________. A. you are forgetful and poor in remembering things B. your dreams are vivid, emotional and coherent C. your hippocampus is active in receiving new information D. your brain needs to start up to move dreams into long-term memory 29. Which of the following CANNOT help you to recall a dream? A. Improve the ability of your hippocampus to catch up information. B. Keep reminding yourself of the need to remember your dreams. C. Record what you can remember in your dreams upon awakening. D. Think back on the things in your dreams directly after you wake up. 30. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To tell the importance of dreams. B. To explain our forgetfulness in dreams. C. To present some methods to recall dreams. D. To analyze how our brain deal with information. 【答案】27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了人们难以回忆起梦境的原因，并介绍了一些有助于提高梦境回忆能力的方法。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段“Dreams, especially ordinary ones, may be just like daydreaming thoughts and believed by the brain to be too useless to remember.(梦，尤其是普通的梦，可能就像白日梦的想法一样，大脑认为它们太无用而无需记住)” 可知，有些梦对我们来说可能没有记住的价值。故选C。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Researchers have found one of the last regions to go to sleep is the hippocampus, a structure in brain that is important for moving information from short - term memory into long - term memory.(研究人员发现，最后进入睡眠状态的区域之一是海马体，这是大脑中的一个结构，对于将信息从短期记忆转移到长期记忆至关重要)” 以及第四段““If the hippocampus is the last to go to sleep, it could very well be the last to wake up, ” said Thomas Andrillon, a neuroscientist at Monash University in Melbourne, Australia. “So, you could have this window where you wake up with a dream in your short-term memory, but since the hippocampus is not fully awake yet, your brain is not able to keep that memory,” Andrillon told Live Science.(“如果海马体是最后进入睡眠的，那它很可能也是最后醒来的，” 澳大利亚墨尔本莫纳什大学的神经科学家托马斯・安德里隆说。“所以，你可能会有这样一个阶段，醒来时梦还在你的短期记忆中，但由于海马体还没有完全清醒，你的大脑无法保留这段记忆。” 安德里隆告诉《生活科学》杂志)” 可知，当我们醒来时，梦处于短期记忆中，但因为海马体未完全苏醒，大脑无法将梦的记忆从短期转为长期，即大脑需要启动海马体来将梦转化为长期记忆，否则就记不住梦。所以，你醒来时记不住梦可能是因为大脑需要启动来将梦转化为长期记忆，故选D。 【29题详解】 细节理解题题。根据最后一段 “Repeatedly reminding yourself that you want to remember your dreams may increase your chances, and so does keeping a dream journal, some studies have suggested. Upon waking up, hang on to that fragile (脆弱的) dream memory: keep your eyes closed, stay still and replay the dream memory, until your hippocampus catches up and properly stores the memory.(一些研究表明，反复提醒自己想要记住梦可能会增加记住梦的机会，写梦的日记也是如此。醒来后，抓住那脆弱的梦的记忆：闭上眼睛，保持静止，重放梦的记忆，直到你的海马体跟上并正确存储记忆)” 可知，选项 B（不断提醒自己需要记住梦）、选项 C（醒来后记录你能记住的梦中内容）和选项 D（醒来后直接回想梦中的事情）都有助于回忆梦，而选项 A（提高海马体捕捉信息的能力）文中未提及能帮助回忆梦，故选A。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“You spend a third of your life asleep, a certain part of which involves dreaming. But most often, you don’t remember any of your dreams.(你一生中有三分之一的时间在睡觉，其中一部分时间会做梦。但大多数时候，你什么梦都不记得)”，提出人们记不住梦这一现象。接着第二段 “While the exact reason of why we can hardly recall our dreams is not fully known, scientists have gotten some insight into memory processes during sleep, leading to several ideas that may explain our forgetfulness.(虽然我们几乎记不起梦的确切原因尚未完全明了，但科学家们对睡眠期间的记忆过程有了一些了解，从而产生了一些可以解释我们遗忘现象的观点)” 表明文章要解释记不住梦的原因，后文从海马体的状态、梦本身特点等方面展开解释。所以文章主要目的是解释我们在梦中的遗忘现象，故选B。 IV．阅读表达(46—48题，每题2分;49题4分。共10分) 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 The world is becoming less livable because of climate change and the loss of nature. What do you think would help you and your friends change your lifestyles and do something to make a healthier planet? How can we empower young people to help protect the Earth? Education might help. For years, experts have developed environmental education programs with the goal of helping people understand the natural environment and what we can do to protect it. Many environmental education programs are developed for young people like you. You have more power to make a difference than you might think. Why? You have a long future ahead of you. This means that how you choose to live now will make a big difference over the course of your life. Your lifestyle choices can even inspire (激励) your parents and grandparents’ generations. Environmental education programs seem like a very good thing. But do they really work? The short answer is yes. By searching large online databases (数据库) of scientific studies, we found that environmental education programs deeply influence people’s knowledge: Young people who take part in environmental education learn a lot about nature, the climate, and what they can do to protect the environment. We also found that environmental education has meaningful effects on attitudes: Young people feel positive about the environment and motivated (有动力的) to protect it. Finally, environmental education encourages environmental behavior: Young people who have taken part in environmental education are more likely to do things to protect the environment, such as recycling waste or taking shorter showers to save water, carrying a reusable water bottle, or turning off the lights when leaving a room. Overall, we found the benefits of environmental education programs can be very broad (广泛的). They help young people know about, care about, and do things to protect the environment. Environmental education can be a powerful way to prepare young people for the future. It does not only help young people understand what environmental problems we face — it also encourages them to act. But still, some important questions remain. For example, what is the best way for teachers to teach environmental education? Which activities (for example, learning in class or going to a camp) work best for children of different age groups? There is no right answer — the most important thing is to learn from each other’s perspectives. 31. Why is the world becoming less livable? ____________________________________________________ 32. What is the goal of environmental education programs? ____________________________________________________ 33. What are the benefits of environmental education programs? ____________________________________________________ 34. According to the passage, what activity can you design for an environmental education program to influence young people? What are the influences? ____________________________________________________ 【答案】31. Because of climate change and the loss of nature. 32. To help people understand the natural environment and what we can do to protect it. 33. Helping young people know about, care about, and do things to protect the environment. 34. I can design a tree-planting activity. It can help young people understand the importance of trees, care more about nature, and take actions to protect the environment.(开放性试题，回答合理即可。) 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了环境教育对年轻人的重要性及影响。 【31题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第一段中“The world is becoming less livable because of climate change and the loss of nature.(由于气候变化和自然环境的丧失，世界变得越来越不适宜居住。)”可知，世界变得越来越不适宜居住是因为气候变化和自然环境的丧失。 【32题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第二段中“For years, experts have developed environmental education programs with the goal of helping people understand the natural environment and what we can do to protect it.(多年来，专家们开发了环境教育项目，目的是帮助人们了解自然环境以及我们可以做些什么来保护它。)”可知，环境教育项目的目标是帮助人们了解自然环境以及我们可以做些什么来保护它。 【33题详解】 考查细节理解。由文章第四段中“They help young people know about, care about, and do things to protect the environment.(它们帮助年轻人了解、关心和做事情来保护环境。)”可知，环境教育项目的好处是帮助年轻人了解、关心和做事情来保护环境。 【34题详解】 开放性题目，此题要求回答：根据文章，你可以为环境教育项目设计什么活动来影响年轻人？有什么影响？答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：我可以设计一个植树活动。它可以帮助年轻人了解树木的重要性，更加关心自然，并采取行动保护环境。 第Ⅱ卷(共50分) Ⅰ．选词填空(共10小题;每小题2分，共20分) 用方框中所给的词或词组的适当形式填空 promise recognize passion impress depress come across break down be regarded as... benefit from... fight for 35. She delivered a(n) ________ speech at the conference, clearly presenting her innovative ideas. 36. After years of hard work, she finally received the ________ she deserved for her research in the medical field. 37. She is a ________ actress who has already caught the attention of several major directors. 38. My teacher’s ________ teaching style inspires his students to take a greater interest in the subject. 39. He felt ________ when hearing the disappointing result of the exam. 40. At present, some people around the world are still ________ equality and justice. 41. I ________ an interesting article about climate change while reading online yesterday. 42. After days of hard work, she ________ and cried at the meeting. 43. This painting ________ a masterpiece of modern art. 44. We can ________ regular exercise and a balanced diet. 【答案】35. impressive 36. recognition 37. promising 38. passionate 39. depressed 40. fighting for 41. came across 42. broke down 43. is regarded as 44. benefit from 【解析】 【35题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她在会议上发表了一场令人印象深刻的演讲，清晰阐述了自己创新的想法。依据空后名词speech，需用形容词作定语修饰名词；结合“clearly presenting her innovative ideas”可知，此处表示“令人印象深刻的”，选用impress对应的形容词impressive。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：经过多年努力，她终于获得了自己在医学领域研究理应得到的认可。依据空前定冠词the，其后必须接名词；结合“she deserved for her research”可知，此处表达“认可、赏识”，选用recognize对应的名词形式recognition。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她是一名前途光明的女演员，已经吸引了多位知名导演的关注。依据空后名词actress，需用形容词作定语修饰名词；结合“caught the attention of several major directors”可知，此处表示“有前途的”，选用promise对应的形容词promising。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：我的老师充满热忱的教学方式激励学生们对这门学科产生更大兴趣。依据空后名词teaching style，需用形容词作定语修饰名词；结合“inspires his students”可知，此处表示“热情的”，选用passion对应的形容词passionate。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：听到令人失望的考试成绩时，他感到情绪低落。依据系动词felt后接形容词作表语；结合“the disappointing result”可知，此处表示“沮丧的”，选用depress对应的形容词depressed。 【40题详解】 考查动词短语与时态。句意：如今，世界上仍有一部分人在为公平与正义奋斗。结合空后“equality and justice”表达“为……奋斗”，选用动词短语fight for，依据空前are可知句子为现在进行时，所以谓语短语为fighting for。 【41题详解】 考查动词短语与时态。句意：昨天上网浏览时，我偶然看到一篇有关气候变化的趣味文章。结合“an interesting article”可知此处表达“偶遇、偶然发现”，选用动词短语come across，依据时间状语yesterday可知用一般过去时，所以谓语短语为came across。 【42题详解】 考查动词短语与时态。句意：连日辛苦操劳后，她在会议上情绪崩溃，哭起来。结合语境可知此处表达“情绪崩溃”，选用动词短语break down，句子描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，所以谓语短语为broke down。 【43题详解】 考查动词短语与时态语态。句意：这幅画作被视作现代艺术的杰作。结合句意可知此处表达“被看作”，选用短语be regarded as，主语This painting为单数，表述客观事实用一般现在时，be动词选用is，所以填is regarded as。 【44题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：我们能够从规律运动与均衡饮食中获益。依据空前情态动词can，其后接动词原形；结合“regular exercise and a balanced diet”可知，此处表达“从……中获益”，选用动词短语benefit from。 II．语法填空(共10小题：每小题1分，共10分) 45. More expressways will be built soon ________ (promote) the local economy. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】to promote 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：不久将修建更多的高速公路，以促进当地经济发展。句中用不定式作目的状语。根据句意，故填to promote。 46. Tu Youyou is the scientist ________ discovery has led to the development of new drugs which have saved millions of lives. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】whose 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：屠呦呦是一位科学家，他的发现导致了新药物的开发，拯救了数百万人的生命。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的是定语从句，先行词是the scientist，从句部分缺少定语，所以应是whose引导。故填whose。 47. We all know that there are various types of pollution around us, ________ may cause different kinds of environmental problems. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】which 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们都知道，我们周围有各种各样的污染，这些污染可能会导致各种各样的环境问题。句中先行词为 types of pollution，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 48. ________(land) on the moon’s far side is extremely challenging. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Landing 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词。句意：在月球背面着陆极具挑战性。空格处用动名词作主语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Landing。 49. Luckily, we took a map, with ________ we found a way out. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】which 【解析】 【详解】句意：幸好我们带了地图，凭借它我们找到了出路。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为map，介词with后只能用关系代词which指代事物。 50. The restaurant is a perfect place ________ we can hold a birthday party for him. （用适当的词填空） 【答案】where 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这家餐厅是为他举办生日聚会的好地方。此处为定语从句修饰先行词place，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 51. Jack stood there, ________ (think) about when to join his classmates in the game. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】thinking 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：杰克站在那里，想着什么时候和同学们一起玩游戏。分析句子结构可知think在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语Jack构成主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填thinking。 52. It is reported that the project conducted by his research team ________ (complete) next month. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will be completed 【解析】 【详解】句意：据报道，他的研究团队开展的这项项目将于下月完工。此处为谓语动词，主语project与complete为被动关系，结合时间状语“next month”可知，此处用一般将来时的被动语态，所以谓语动词为will be completed。 53. Because the flight was delayed, I ________ (wait) for two hours for my grandparents at the arrival hall yesterday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】waited 【解析】 【详解】句意：由于航班延误，昨天我在到达大厅等祖父母等了两个小时。此处为谓语动词，结合时间状语“yesterday”可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词使用wait的过去式waited。 54. The house ________ (paint) at the moment. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】is being painted 【解析】 【详解】句意：此刻这栋房子正在被粉刷。此处为谓语动词，at the moment表此刻，用现在进行时，主语house和paint是被动关系，所以此处用现在进行时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为is being painted。 III．书面表达(共20分) 55. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，近期你校将要组织学生观看一个关于中国文化的展览。请你写一封邮件，邀请你的外国好友Jim参加。邮件内容包括： 1．介绍该展览的相关信息（时间、地点、内容等）； 2．说明你邀请他的原因。 注意：1．词数100左右。 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, Knowing you want to see an exhibition about Chinese culture, I’d like to recommend one to you. Our school will organize students to watch an exhibition about Chinese culture whose theme is “The exhibition of Chinese folk arts and crafts”. It will be held on 5th at the National Museum. Artists from all over the country bring their masterpieces: Nianhua paintings from Tianjin, kites from Weifang, paper-cuts from Shanxi, and so on. I strongly invite you to visit this exhibition, for it will totally immerse you in Chinese culture. You will have a great chance to watch the artists create their works up close. Moreover, there is even a hands-on area for you to make your own art. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以红星中学高一学生李华的身份，给外国好友Jim写邮件，邀请他参加学校组织的中国文化展览，介绍展览的时间、地点、内容等相关信息，并说明邀请他的原因。 【详解】1.词汇积累 举行：be held → take place 完全地：totally → entirely 此外：moreover → furthermore 实践：hands-on → practice 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Artists from all over the country bring their masterpieces: Nianhua paintings from Tianjin, kites from Weifang, paper-cuts from Shanxi, and so on. 拓展句：Artists from all over the country bring their masterpieces, which include Nianhua paintings from Tianjin, kites from Weifang, paper-cuts from Shanxi, and so on. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing you want to see an exhibition about Chinese culture, I’d like to recommend one to you.（运用了现在分词短语Knowing...作状语） 【高分句型2】Our school will organize students to watch an exhibition about Chinese culture whose theme is “The exhibition of Chinese folk arts and crafts”.（运用了whose引导的定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025-2026学年度第二学期北京育才学校高一英语 期中考试试卷 (考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 第Ⅰ卷(共100分) I．听力理解(共三节，30分) 第一节：(共4小题;每小题2分，共8分) 听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。 1. What will the man do on Saturday morning? A. Go swimming. B. Work extra hours. C Take Grandma to hospital. 2. What does the woman like about the movie? A. The storyline. B. The music. C. The characters. 3. When should the speakers arrive at the airport? A. Before 4:00. B. Before 3:30. C. Before 3:15. 4. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Stay focused on the class B. Do more difficult math questions. C. Turn to her math teacher for help. 第二节：(共6小题;每小题2分，共12分) 听下面三段对话，每段对话后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。 听第5段材料，回答第5至第6小题。 5. Where are the man’s keys? A. On the sofa. B. In his father’s bag. C. On the table. 6. What will the woman do in the afternoon? A. Stay at home. B. Play badminton. C. Repair the keys. 听第6段材料，回答第7至第8小题。 7 What was the main reason the man quit his job? A. He felt stressed B. His salary was low. C. The job was boring. 8. What is the possible relationship between the two speakers? A. Couple. B. Cousins. C. Friends. 听第7段材料，回答第9至第10小题。 9. How did the man practice English pronunciation? A. By speaking to foreign teachers. B. By repeating after a recording. C. By using an app on his phone. 10. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Learning English with educational apps. B. Improving English pronunciation. C. Choosing apps carefully. 第三节：(共5小题：每小题2分，共10分) 听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第11题至第15题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。 The Model Z A new product to change people’s minds about electric cars Features ◇Focus on how 11 a vehicle is. The Model Z has industry-leading body and battery technology to reduce 12 during accidents. ◇Charging options have been upgraded. Travel up to 13 miles on a single charge. The number of charging stations has been increased by 50% 14 . ◇Provide the best interior experience. It can seat up to 7 adults. It has an expansive 20-inch touchscreen TV, 15 seats with soft touch materials and a system that keeps inside air fresh and clean. II．完形填空(共15小题;每小题2分，共30分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I never understood my grandmother’s deep love for her old wooden box until the day she handed it to me. The box, carved with delicate patterns, had accompanied her through sixty years of life. “Some things take time to reveal their true ____1____,” she said softly. When I first opened the box, I felt ____2____. It contained nothing but broken clay pieces, faded photographs, and some yellowed letters. ____3____ my disappointment, Grandma simply smiled and said, “Patience, my child.” Over the following weeks, I ____4____ studied each item. The clay pieces, when ____5____ fitted together, formed a beautiful vase her mother had made. The photographs told stories of our family’s history, while the letters ____6____ my grandfather’s love during the war. One rainy afternoon, as I was carefully ____7____ the last piece of the vase, I suddenly understood. This wasn’t just a collection of ____8____ objects; it was the story of a life, patiently waiting to be ____9____. The process taught me more than just family history. It taught me about the ____10____ of patience and attention. In our fast-paced world, we often ____11____ the beauty that requires time to discover. We expect instant results and immediate understanding, ____12____ some treasures only reveal themselves to those willing to wait. Now, when I feel ____13____ or frustrated by life’s challenges, I remember that wooden box. I remember that some understanding cannot be ____14____; it must be earned through patient exploration. And like my grandmother’s wisdom, the most valuable lessons often come ____15____, wrapped in simplicity and waiting for the right moment to be discovered. 1. A. value B. purpose C. secret D. origin 2. A. excited B. disappointed C. curious D. amazed 3. A. Noticing B. Showing C. Hiding D. Expressing 4. A. carelessly B. nervously C. patiently D. potentially 5. A. constantly B. perfectly C. finally D. properly 6. A. studied B. revealed C. created D. discussed 7. A. cleaning B. painting C. placing D. holding 8. A. expensive B. ancient C. ordinary D. rare 9. A. discovered B. created C. changed D. analyzed 10. A. lesson B. cost C. power D. result 11. A. forget B. miss C. see D. destroy 12. A. while B. because C. unless D. though 13. A. pleased B. lost C. hurt D. afraid 14. A. taught B. rushed C. bought D. explained 15. A. quietly B. obviously C. directly D. frequently III．阅读理解(共15小题;每小题2分，共30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A What is PayQuick? PayQuick is a fast payment service for shopping in the biggest supermarket in the UK — Tesco. It allows you to add your credit or debit card details to the app so you can use your smartphone to pay for your shopping with just one scan, which means you can go wallet-free in all UK Tesco stores. What are the benefits? ●Collect your Tesco points automatically ●Pay for your weekly shopping up to £250 ●Use PayQuick offline, even with no signal ●Track your spending in Tesco However, only one qualifying deal per week will collect the extra Tesco points. Additional payments in the same week won’t receive extra points. Tesco points will be added to your future Tesco points statement. How to get your PayQuick? Available to new customers who sign up by 3rd May 2024, the PayQuick app can be downloaded from the App Store or our official website. Once you have the app on your phone, register your personal details on the app to get an account. Note that for each customer, only one account is allowed and a family shared account will not be acknowledged. Finally, with all the preparation work done, you’ll be ready to shop using just your phone. Plus, there’s no need to worry about your bank details being stored on your phone — they’re all securely protected in our data centers. So not only is it quicker and easier, it’s safer than going shopping with your wallet as well. 16. If customers use PayQuick in UK Tesco stores, they can ________. A. get their Tesco points automatically B. purchase things only offline C. keep track of their daily spending D. pay for their shopping without limit 17. PayQuick users are NOT allowed to ________. A. register by 3rd May 2024 B. download the PayQuick app C. share the account with their family D. bring their phones with them 18. What is the author’s intention in writing this passage? A. To ensure the safety of PayQuick. B. To popularize the use of PayQuick. C. To stress the importance of PayQuick. D. To introduce the application of PayQuick. B “Are you all right?” the student asked as she passed me in the hallway. I was in the final stretch of last work before writing my essay. The student, who was 4 years behind me in the same Ph. D. program, went on to say, “I see people from your group working so much, putting in extra hours, even at night.” It set me thinking a lot. As a first-year Ph. D. student, I was lucky to have kind and understanding advisers. But I felt overwhelming pressure to become a perfect student. I kept finding a million reasons why I was coming into graduate school at a disadvantage compared with my peers. As a student from Colombia, I had been educated at institutions my professors and colleagues had never heard of. I spoke with an accent that was hard to understand, and I was older than most of the people in my cohort. I noticed that most of the people around me seemed to be working all the time. I began to spend many weekday nights and weekends in the lab. But my strategy didn’t work. I crashed from burnout. The tiredness took a toll on my productivity and motivation. During one of many mindless Sundays in the office, I realized I’d fallen into the trap of assuming my colleagues’ work habits were the standard for belonging and being worthy of respect — and it wasn’t sustainable. From then on, I stopped counting the number of work hours I was putting in, leaving space every day for exercising and doing activities that I enjoyed. Finally, I realized nobody was keeping track of the amount of time I spent in the lab anyway and it wasn’t something I needed to worry about. I noticed that having more time for myself made me more rested and motivated when I went back to work. I continued quietly along this path for years, until that conversation in the hallway. So, when I ran into her again, weeks later, I told her that even though I was feeling a lot of pressure in the final year of my Ph. D., I was putting my mental and physical health first and wasn’t working overtime. I also began to talk with other students about how quality sleep, physical activity, healthy eating, and reasonable work hours were a daily part of my routine. 19. What can we learn about the student who talked to the author in the hallway? A. She spent much time on lab work. B. She had finished the Ph. D. program. C. She was putting in extra hours at night. D. She was concerned about the author. 20. How does the author feel about his work at first? A. Ambitious. B. Anxious. C. Disappointed. D. Enthusiastic. 21. Which can replace the underlined phrase “took a toll on” in Para. 3? A. added fuel to B. cast new light on C. had a negative impact on D. depended too much on 22. What does the author intend to tell us? A. Nothing is difficult to the man who will try. B. Every dog has his day. C. Fitting in doesn’t mean working overtime. D. A healthy work-life balance counts. C Living in a city is a well-known risk factor for developing a mental disorder, while living close to nature is largely beneficial for mental health and the brain. A central brain region, the amygdala (杏仁核) involved in stress processing, has been shown to be less activated during stress in people living in rural areas, compared to those who live in cities, hinting at the potential benefits of nature. “But so far the hen-and-egg problem could not be resolved, namely whether nature actually caused the effects in the brain or whether the particular individuals chose to live in rural or urban regions,” says Sonja Sudimac. To achieve causal evidence, the researchers from the group examined brain activity in regions involved in stress processing in 63 healthy volunteers before and after a one-hour walk in Grunewald forest or a shopping street with traffic in Berlin. The results revealed that activity in the amygdala decreased after the walk in nature, suggesting that nature elicits beneficial effects on brain regions related to stress. “The results support the previously assumed positive relationship between nature and brain health, but this is the first study to prove the causal link. Interestingly, the brain activity after the urban walk in these regions remained stable and showed no increases, which argues against a commonly held view that urban exposure causes additional stress,” explains Simone Kühn, head of the group. The authors show that nature has a positive impact on brain regions involved in stress processing and that it can already be observed after a one-hour walk. This contributes to the understanding of how our physical living environment affects brain and mental health. Even a short exposure to nature decreases amygdala activity, suggesting that a walk in nature could serve as a preventive measure against developing mental health problems and reducing the potentially disadvantageous impact of the city on the brain. In order to investigate beneficial effects of nature in different populations and age groups, the researchers are currently working on a study examining how a one-hour walk in natural versus urban environments impacts stress in mothers and their babies. 23. What does the hen-and-egg problem mean by Sonja Sudimac? A. Living in rural areas actually affects brain activity. B. People in cities tend to have a higher risk of mental problems. C. It’s unnecessary to work out the complex issue of stress and health. D. It’s hard to clarify the impact of living environment on mental health. 24. How did researchers collect evidence for the study? A. By quoting authoritative experts. B. By interviewing healthy volunteers. C. By researching on a previous theory. D. By comparing volunteers’ amygdala activities. 25. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A. Benefits of a regular walk in nature. B. The focus of the follow-up research. C. An appeal for living in urban regions. D. Nature’s positive effects on women and children. 26. Which of the following best serves as the title of the passage? A. Nature Exposure: Benefits for Brain Stress B. Urban-Rural Living: Mental Impact Debates C. Amygdala Activity: Key to Stress Relief D. Urban Environment: Brain Health Risks D You spend a third of your life asleep, a certain part of which involves dreaming. But most often, you don’t remember any of your dreams. While the exact reason of why we can hardly recall our dreams is not fully known, scientists have gotten some insight into memory processes during sleep, leading to several ideas that may explain our forgetfulness. You are awake, but is your hippocampus (海马体) awake? When we fall asleep, not all the brain’s regions go offline at the same time. Researchers have found one of the last regions to go to sleep is the hippocampus, a structure in brain that is important for moving information from short-term memory into long-term memory. “If the hippocampus is the last to go to sleep, it could very well be the last to wake up, ” said Thomas Andrillon, a neuroscientist at Monash University in Melbourne, Australia. “So, you could have this window where you wake up with a dream in your short-term memory, but since the hippocampus is not fully awake yet, your brain is not able to keep that memory,” Andrillon told Live Science. While this might explain why dream memories are so fleeting, it doesn’t mean that your hippocampus has been inactive throughout the night. In fact, this region is quite active during sleep, and appears to be storing and caring for existing memories to strengthen them, instead of listening for incoming new experiences. Sometimes your dreams are just not memorable? Do you remember what you were thinking about this morning when brushing your teeth? Our minds wander all the time, but we get rid of most of those thoughts as unimportant information. Dreams, especially ordinary ones, may be just like daydreaming thoughts and believed by the brain to be too useless to remember. But dreams that are more vivid, emotional and coherent(连贯的)seem to be better remembered-perhaps because they cause more awakening, and their organized story makes them easier to store. If you are interested in improving your dream recall, there are a few tricks to try. One is drinking water before bed, because it will make you wake up at night to use the bathroom. These middle-of-the-night awakenings are frequently accompanied by dream recall. Repeatedly reminding yourself that you want to remember your dreams may increase your chances, and so does keeping a dream journal, some studies have suggested. Upon waking up, hang on to that fragile(脆弱的)dream memory: keep your eyes closed, stay still and replay the dream memory, until your hippocampus catches up and properly stores the memory. 27. What can we learn about dreams from the passage? A. Dreaming means processing memory during sleeping. B. Dreams come from your hippocampus. C. Dreams are sometimes useless for us to remember. D. We need special trainings to recall our dreams. 28. You can’t remember your dreams when you wake up probably because ________. A. you are forgetful and poor in remembering things B. your dreams are vivid, emotional and coherent C. your hippocampus is active in receiving new information D. your brain needs to start up to move dreams into long-term memory 29. Which of the following CANNOT help you to recall a dream? A. Improve the ability of your hippocampus to catch up information. B. Keep reminding yourself of the need to remember your dreams. C. Record what you can remember in your dreams upon awakening. D. Think back on the things in your dreams directly after you wake up. 30. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To tell the importance of dreams. B. To explain our forgetfulness in dreams. C. To present some methods to recall dreams. D. To analyze how our brain deal with information. IV．阅读表达(46—48题，每题2分;49题4分。共10分) 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 The world is becoming less livable because of climate change and the loss of nature. What do you think would help you and your friends change your lifestyles and do something to make a healthier planet? How can we empower young people to help protect the Earth? Education might help. For years, experts have developed environmental education programs with the goal of helping people understand the natural environment and what we can do to protect it. Many environmental education programs are developed for young people like you. You have more power to make a difference than you might think. Why? You have a long future ahead of you. This means that how you choose to live now will make a big difference over the course of your life. Your lifestyle choices can even inspire (激励) your parents and grandparents’ generations. Environmental education programs seem like a very good thing. But do they really work? The short answer is yes. By searching large online databases (数据库) of scientific studies, we found that environmental education programs deeply influence people’s knowledge: Young people who take part in environmental education learn a lot about nature, the climate, and what they can do to protect the environment. We also found that environmental education has meaningful effects on attitudes: Young people feel positive about the environment and motivated (有动力的) to protect it. Finally, environmental education encourages environmental behavior: Young people who have taken part in environmental education are more likely to do things to protect the environment, such as recycling waste or taking shorter showers to save water, carrying a reusable water bottle, or turning off the lights when leaving a room. Overall, we found the benefits of environmental education programs can be very broad (广泛的). They help young people know about, care about, and do things to protect the environment. Environmental education can be a powerful way to prepare young people for the future. It does not only help young people understand what environmental problems we face — it also encourages them to act. But still, some important questions remain. For example, what is the best way for teachers to teach environmental education? Which activities (for example, learning in class or going to a camp) work best for children of different age groups? There is no right answer — the most important thing is to learn from each other’s perspectives. 31. Why is the world becoming less livable? ____________________________________________________ 32. What is the goal of environmental education programs? ____________________________________________________ 33. What are the benefits of environmental education programs? ____________________________________________________ 34. According to the passage, what activity can you design for an environmental education program to influence young people? What are the influences? ____________________________________________________ 第Ⅱ卷(共50分) Ⅰ．选词填空(共10小题;每小题2分，共20分) 用方框中所给的词或词组的适当形式填空 promise recognize passion impress depress come across break down be regarded as... benefit from... fight for 35. She delivered a(n) ________ speech at the conference, clearly presenting her innovative ideas. 36. After years of hard work, she finally received the ________ she deserved for her research in the medical field. 37. She is a ________ actress who has already caught the attention of several major directors. 38. My teacher’s ________ teaching style inspires his students to take a greater interest in the subject. 39. He felt ________ when hearing the disappointing result of the exam. 40. At present, some people around the world are still ________ equality and justice. 41. I ________ an interesting article about climate change while reading online yesterday. 42. After days of hard work, she ________ and cried at the meeting. 43. This painting ________ a masterpiece of modern art. 44. We can ________ regular exercise and a balanced diet. II．语法填空(共10小题：每小题1分，共10分) 45. More expressways will be built soon ________ (promote) the local economy. （所给词的适当形式填空） 46. Tu Youyou is the scientist ________ discovery has led to the development of new drugs which have saved millions of lives. （用适当的词填空） 47. We all know that there are various types of pollution around us, ________ may cause different kinds of environmental problems. （用适当的词填空） 48. ________(land) on the moon’s far side is extremely challenging. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. Luckily, we took a map, with ________ we found a way out. (用适当的词填空) 50. The restaurant is a perfect place ________ we can hold a birthday party for him. （用适当的词填空） 51. Jack stood there, ________ (think) about when to join his classmates in the game. （所给词的适当形式填空） 52. It is reported that the project conducted by his research team ________ (complete) next month. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. Because the flight was delayed, I ________ (wait) for two hours for my grandparents at the arrival hall yesterday. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54. The house ________ (paint) at the moment. (所给词的适当形式填空) III．书面表达(共20分) 55. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，近期你校将要组织学生观看一个关于中国文化的展览。请你写一封邮件，邀请你的外国好友Jim参加。邮件内容包括： 1．介绍该展览的相关信息（时间、地点、内容等）； 2．说明你邀请他的原因。 注意：1．词数100左右。 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $