内容正文:
考前特训
八年级下册期末考之核心语法综合练习(新教材外研版)
内容提要
单项选择题
单句语法填空题
完成句子填空题
班级 姓名 学号 分数
(时间:60分钟,满分:120分)
单元名称
核心语法知识点
Unit 1 Career talks
一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态
Unit 2 Growing pains and gains
一般过去时的被动语态
Unit 3 What makes a great team?
情态动词
Unit 4 Helping out
表示 “可能性与推测” 的常用情态动词
Unit 5 Looking into nature
由 that、if、whether 引导的宾语从句
Unit 6 Living with nature
宾语从句
一、单项选择(本大题共50小题,每小题1分,共50分)
1.When waiting for the bus, you________ push your way onto the bus.
A.must B.mustn’t C.can D.may
【答案】B
【详解】句意:等公交车时,你不可以挤上公交车。
must必须;mustn’t禁止、不允许;can可以、能够;may可以。根据常识和公共秩序,等车时不应推挤,此处表示“禁止、不允许”做某事。
2.—Just tell me ________.
—I had eggs and some milk.
A.what you had for breakfast B.what did you have for breakfast
C.when you had breakfast D.when did you have breakfast
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——告诉我你早餐吃了什么。——我吃了鸡蛋和牛奶。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序,故排除B和D;根据答语 I had eggs and some milk.可知,应该用连接词what。故排除C;故选A。
3.—Your dress looks nice on you. Could you please tell me ________?
—On Tmall. It’s very convenient.
A.when did you buy it B.where did you buy it
C.when you bought it D.where you bought it
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你穿这件裙子很好看。你能告诉我你在哪里买的吗?——在天猫上。它非常方便。
考查宾语从句。when did you buy it你什么时候买的,疑问句语序;where did you buy it你在哪里买的,疑问句语序;when you bought it你什么时候买的,陈述句语序;where you bought it你在哪里买的,陈述句语序。根据语境可知,此处是在询问对方在哪里买的裙子,所以应该用where引导宾语从句,并且宾语从句应该用陈述句语序。故选D。
4.You’d better ________ now if you want to take the bus.
A.go B.to go C.going D.to going
【答案】A
【详解】句意:如果你想赶上公交车,现在最好走。
考查非谓语动词。You’d better是You had better的缩写,had better do sth.“最好做某事”,故选A。
5.—Could you tell me ________ “the Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines”?
—Because he dedicated his life to China’s nuclear submarines (核潜艇).
A.when was Huang Xuhua called B.why is Huang Xuhua called
C.when Huang Xuhua was called D.why Huang Xuhua is called
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你能告诉我为什么黄旭华被称为“中国核潜艇之父”吗?——因为他把一生都奉献给了中国的核潜艇。
考查why引导宾语从句及陈述句语序。when was Huang Xuhua called黄旭华是什么时候被称为;why is Huang Xuhua called为什么黄旭华被称为;when Huang Xuhua was called黄旭华是什么时候被称为;why Huang Xuhua is called为什么黄旭华被称为。根据答语“Because...”可知,问句是询问原因,用“why”引导宾语从句,且宾语从句要用陈述句语序,故选D。
6.—Lily, Why is the saying “You cannot please everyone” so true?
—Because it tells us ________.
A.how to make everyone happy
B.that it’s impossible to satisfy all people
C.why should we never care about others’ opinions
D.when we should stop trying to help others
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——莉莉,为什么“你不可能让每个人都满意”这句谚语如此正确?——因为它告诉我们不可能让所有人都满意。
how to make everyone happy如何让每个人都开心;that it’s impossible to satisfy all people不可能让所有人都满意;why should we never care about others’ opinions为什么我们从不关心别人的意见;when we should stop trying to help others我们什么时候应该停止帮助别人。根据“You cannot please everyone”可知,此处表示“不可能让所有人都满意”,应填that it’s impossible to satisfy all people。
7.Dr Bethune ________ still________ in both China and Canada today
A.is; remembered B.is; remembering
C.will; remember D.has; remembered
【答案】A
【详解】句意:如今白求恩医生仍然被中国和加拿大的人民纪念。 Dr Bethune是动作的承受者,故使用被动语态,又因句中有时间状语 today(今天),故使用一般现在时被动语态,故选A。
8.Look at the “No parking” sign. You ________ park your car here.
A.should B.must C.needn’t D.mustn’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意:看那个“禁止停车”的标志。你禁止把车停在这里。
考查动词辨析。should应该;must一定;needn’t不需要;mustn’t禁止。“No parking”是禁止停车的标志,用mustn’t,表示“不可以,禁止”,故选D。
9.This morning my mother asked me __________.
A.why he is not here
B.where Julia went last weekend
C.what time is it
D.how did my brother do it
【答案】B
【详解】句意:今天早上我妈妈问我朱莉娅上周末去哪儿了。宾语从句的考查。 宾语从句的语序应为陈述语序,故D不正确;当主语是过去时时,从句要改成相对应的过去的某种时态,故A、C不正确。答案选B。
10.---Must I come before 6: 30 tomorrow?
---No. You______ There will be plenty of time.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.couldn’t D.needn’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意:明天我必须六点半前到吗?
——不,你不必,将有足够的时间。本题考查情态动词的用法。Must是“必须”的意思,当其变为一般疑问句时,否定回答要用needn’t“不必”;肯定回答用must“必须”,mustn’t不是“不必”的意思,而是一种禁止,一定不能做的意思。所以本题选D。
11.—Excuse me, could you tell me ?
—In five minutes.
A.how soon will the film begin B.how soon the film will begin
C.how long the film has been on D.how long has the film been on
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——打扰一下,请你告诉我电影什么时候开始?——五分钟之后。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句语序是陈述语序,A和D是疑问句语序,可知排除;How long就“for+一段时间”提问。“in+一段时间” 提问用how soon。根据回答“In five minutes”可知选B。
12.You’d better ________ an umbrella with you. It seems like it’s going to rain soon.
A.to take B.taking C.taken D.take
【答案】D
【详解】句意:你最好带把伞。看来马上要下雨了。
考查had better的用法。根据“You’d better”可知,考查had better do sth“最好做某事”,因此填动词原形。故选D。
13.Students ________ improve their language skills by watching English films.
A.must B.can C.should D.need
【答案】B
【详解】句意:学生可以通过看英语电影来提高他们的语言技能。
考查情态动词。must必须;can可以、能够;should应该;need需要。根据“improve their language skills by watching English films”可知,能够通过看英语电影来提高学生们的语言技能,结合选项,“can”符合句意。故选B。
14.Someone has called 120. The little girl ________ to hospital in a few minutes.
A.takes B.is taking C.was taken D.will be taken
【答案】D
【详解】句意:有人拨打了120。小女孩几分钟后将被送往医院。
根据时间状语“in a few minutes”可知句子时态为一般将来时,且主语The little girl与动词take之间为被动关系,因此使用一般将来时的被动语态,应填will be taken。
15.You ________ swim here. The river is very deep and dirty.
A.mustn’t B.can C.needn’t D.may
【答案】A
【详解】句意:你不能在这里游泳。这条河很深而且脏。
考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t不能;can能;needn’t不必;may可以。根据“The river is very deep and dirty”可知,游泳危险,应表示禁止。故选A。
16.—Must I be home before eight o’clock, Mum?
—No, you ________. But you have to come back before ten o’clock.
A.mustn’t B.can’t
C.needn’t D.couldn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意:——妈妈,我必须在八点之前回家吗?——不,你不必。但是你必须在十点之前回来。
考查情态动词的辨析。mustn’t禁止;can’t不能;needn’t不必;couldn’t不能。must引导的一般疑问句,否定回答使用needn’t。故选C。
17.According to the traffic law, people under 18 ________ drive cars on the road.
A.may not B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.don’t have to
【答案】C
【详解】句意:根据交通法,18岁以下的人禁止在路上开车。
考查情态动词的用法。may not可能不;needn’t不必;mustn’t禁止;don’t have to不必。根据“the traffic law”,可知表示禁止的内容,需用mustn’t。故选C。
18.The problem _______ about at the meeting tomorrow.
A.is talking B.is talked C.is going to talk D.will be talked
【答案】D
【详解】句意:这个问题将在明天的会议上讨论。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。结合选项分析句子可知,主语The problem是谓语动词talk的承受者,应使用被动语态;由时间状语“tomorrow”可知,时态为一般将来时,即一般将来时的被动语态,结构为:will be+动词的过去分词;talk“讨论”,过去分词是talked。故选D。
19.—It’s said that a new kind of robot ________ soon. It can take care of the old.
—That’s amazing!
A.is invent B.will invent C.invents D.will be invented
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——据说一种新型机器人很快将被发明出来。它可以照顾老人。——太神奇了!
考查被动语态和时态。根据“soon”可知动作发生在将来,且主语“a new kind of robot”与动词“invent”之间是被动关系(机器人被发明),需用一般将来时的被动语态“will be invented”。故选D。
20.Body language ________ by people to express ideas. Many people use it to communicate.
A.will be used B.was used C.is used D.uses
【答案】C
【详解】句意:身体语言被人们用来表达思想。很多人用它来交流。
考查动词的时态和语态。句子是一般现在时,主语“Body language”是单数概念,主语和动词“use”之间是被动关系,表达“被使用”用一般现在时的被动结构“is used”。故选C。
21.It _________ be the only way to work out the problem. There are other choices.
A.mustn’t B.may not C.need D.should
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这可能不是解决问题的唯一方法。还有其他选择。
考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止;may not可能不;need需要;should应该。根据“There are other choices.”可知,还有其他解决问题的方式,故此处指这可能不是解决问题的唯一方法,应用may not。故选B。
22.—Isn’t that Susan’s husband over there?
—No, it ________ be him. He doesn’t wear glasses.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.needn’t D.may not
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——那边那个不是苏珊的丈夫吗?——不,不可能是他。他不戴眼镜。
考查情态动词辨析。mustn’t禁止;can’t不可能;needn’t不必;may not可能不。根据语境“他不戴眼镜”可知,此处是在对“那边那个是苏珊的丈夫”这一说法进行否定推测,即“不可能是他”,所以应该用can’t。故选B。
23.—Do you have any plans for the coming summer holiday?
—I’m not sure. I ________ go to Qingdao.
A.should B.must C.can D.may
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你对即将到来的暑假有什么计划吗? ——我不确定。我可能去青岛。
考查情态动词的用法。should应该;must必须;can能;may可能。根据“I’m not sure.”可知,我不确定,只能用may表示不确定的推测。故选D。
24.Tu Youyou ________ one of the greatest scientists in the world.
A.considers B.considered C.is considered D.is considering
【答案】C
【详解】句意:屠呦呦被认为是世界上最伟大的科学家之一。
主语“Tu Youyou”与动词“consider”之间是被动关系,且陈述客观事实应用一般现在时,此处需用一般现在时的被动语态,结构为“be动词+过去分词”。
25.—Tom, do you know ________?
—In Beijing.
A.where will the 24th Winter Olympics be held
B.where the 24th Winter Olympics will hold
C.where will the 24th Winter Olympics hold
D.where the 24th Winter Olympics will be held
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——Tom,你知道第24届冬季奥运会将会在哪里举办?——在北京。
考查宾语从句。where the 24th Winter Olympics will be held 第24届冬季奥运会将会在哪里举办。首先宾语从句是陈述语序,故排除AC;主语是“第24届奥运会”,和谓语“hold”的关系是被动,即“被举办”,故排除B。因此选D。
26.---Fifty dollars for such a T-shirt! You _______ be joking!
---I’m serious.It’s made of silk.
A.must B.need C.may D.can
【答案】A
【详解】试题分析:A.must肯定,必须 B. need 需要 C. may 可能 D. can能够;句意:这样一件T恤需要50美元。你肯定在开玩笑!我是认真的,它是丝质的。故选A
考点:情态动词表推测
点评:情态动词是中考的热点,情态动词除了表推测外,还可以表达另外的意思,如must理解为必须,由这个词所开头的问句,肯定回答用Yes,you must.否定回答用No,you needn’t或者是No,you don’t have to.注意不用mustn’t,因为mustn’t表示例行禁止的含义。
27.The winter holiday is coming. Do you know ________ during the holiday?
A.what will Tom do B.what did Tom do
C.what Tom will do D.what Tom did
【答案】C
【详解】句意:冬天来了。你知道在假期里汤姆将要做些什么呢?
考查宾语从句的用法。分析句子,可知这是一个宾语从句。在英语中,在宾语从句中,从句的语序要用陈述句语序,又由于题目询问的是将来的事情,根据句意,故选C。
28.If you see the cartoon films, you will __________ laugh.
A.be made B.make
C.make to D.be made to
【答案】D
【详解】句意:如果你看卡通电影,你会被逗乐的。短语make sb. do sth.表示使某人做某事;被动语态是sb. be made to do sth.表示被使得去做某事。根据题意,故选D。
29.—Hi, Jim! Avatar: The Way of Water(阿凡达2) is on the way! Do you know ________?
—On December 16, 2022.
A.when it will be on in China B.how long it will be on in China
C.when will it be on in China D.how long will it be on in China
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——你好吉姆!《阿凡达2》即将开始。你知道在中国它将什么时候开始吗?——在2022年的12月16号。
考查宾语从句。根据答语“On December 16, 2022.”可知,应是询问时间,应是疑问词when,宾语从句应是陈述句语序。故选A。
30.A talk on Chinese history ________ in the school hall tomorrow. I’m looking forward to it.
A.will be given B.will give C.is given D.gives
【答案】A
【详解】句意:明天将在学校礼堂举行一个关于中国历史的讲座。我很期待。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“I’m looking forward to it.”可知这个讲座是将要举行,故要用一般将来时,且主语A talk与动词之间应是被动关系,故要用一般将来时的被动语态,故选A。
31.I don’t know________ computer games so much.
A.why do they like B.what they like
C.how do they like D.why they like
【答案】D
【详解】句意:我不知道为什么他们这么喜欢电脑游戏。此句考查宾语从句的引导词及语序,宾语从句要用陈述句的语序,排除A,C;结合句意可知,答案选D。
【点睛】宾语从句是中考必考的语法项目,主要考查三个方面的内容:语序,连接词和时态。
1. 语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序,即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+……)”句式。
2. 连接词 1)当由陈述句充当宾语从句时,用that引导,that无词义,在口语或非正式文体中常省略。
2)当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用if或whether引导,意为“是否”。
3)如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句,只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。
3. 时态 含宾语从句的复合句,主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点内容:
1)如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时,从句的谓语动词可根据需要,选用相应的任何时态。
2)如果主句的谓语动词是过去时,宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要,选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。
3)如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等,不管主句用什么时态,从句时态都用一般现在时。
32.—Need I report it to the police?
—Yes, you ________. It’s really important to them.
A.need B.must C.can D.might
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我需要报警吗?——是的,你必须。这对他们真的很重要。
考查动词辨析。need需要;must必须;can可以;might可能。根据“It’s really important to them.”可知,很重要,所以必须报警,故选B。
33.I don’t know_______________.
A.where can we buy the tickets
B.how much it costs to fly to Hainan
C.what is he waiting for
D.why was he late for school this morning
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我不知道乘飞机去海南要多少钱。
本题考查宾语从句,宾语从句只能使用陈述句语序,不能使用疑问句语序,ACD三选项均为疑问语序,只有B是陈述语序。所以选B。
34.Our team lost! We ____________ by the other team.
A.were beaten B.are beaten C.will be beaten D.beat
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我们队输了!我们被另一个队打败了。
考查一般过去时被动语态。we与动词beat之间是被动关系,结合lost可知,描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时被动语态,故选A。
35.Usually a lot of flowers ________ indoors in winter.
A.were stored B.are stored C.stored D.have stored
【答案】B
【详解】句意:冬天通常会有很多花存放在室内。
考查一般现在时的被动语态。主语a lot of flowers与谓语store之间是动宾关系,因此用被动语态;由“Usually”可知,时态是一般现在时,因此空处用一般现在时的被动语态am/is/are done,主语是复数,be用are。故选B。
36.-May I take this magazine out of reading room?
-No, you________. That’s against the rule.
A.mightn’t B.won’t
C.needn’t D.mustn’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意:–我能把这本杂志带出?–不行,你不能。规定是不允许的。
考查情态动词用法和辨析 在英语中,当may提问的时候,如果是否定回答,就要用mustn’t,意思是“禁止”。根据句意,故选D。
37.I believe _________we shall become good friends.
A.which B.what C.that D.when
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我相信我们会成为好朋友。此句考查宾语从句的引导词。that引导宾语从句时,无词义,不充当句子成分,多数情况下可以省略。而which, what, when等连接代词或连接副词引导宾语从句时,在句子中充当句子成分。从句we shall become good friends.是一个完整的句子,并不缺少句子成分,故答案为C。
38.—What did the teacher say just now?
—She said that the earth ________ round the sun.
A.go B.goes C.going D.will go
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——老师刚才说什么了?——她说地球绕着太阳转。
考查一般现在时。分析句子结构可知,是宾语从句,从句陈述的是事实真理,用一般现在时,主语是三单,因此goes符合句意;故选B。
39.– Mum, ______ I see the film My People, My country?
— Sure, but you ______ finish your homework first.
A.may; could B.can: must C.can;: mustn’t D.may; can’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——妈妈,我能看电影《我和我的祖国》吗?——当然,但你必须先完成作业。
考查情态动词。may可以;could能;can能;must必须;mustn’t不允许;can’t不能;根据句意可知,第一空表示请求,可以用may或者can;第二空表示“必须”,应该用must。句中的first强调“必须先完成家庭作业”。故选B。
40.My model plane ________. Do you want to see it?
A.is done B.does C.did D.was doing
【答案】A
【详解】句意:我的飞机模型做好了。你想看吗?
考查被动语态。主语model plane与动词do之间是被动关系,所以此处用被动语态be done的结构,故选A。
41.— Can you ________ up your right hand?
— ________, of course.
A.put; No B.putting; Yes C.to put; Sorry D.put; Yes
【答案】D
【详解】句意:——你能举起你的右手吗?——是的,当然可以。
考查情态动词用法及一般疑问句。根据“Can you”可知,是“can”引导的一般疑问句,句型为“Can+主语+动词原形+其他”,所以第一空填动词原形;根据“of course”可知,是肯定回答,所以第二空填Yes。故选D。
42.Nowadays, some robots are very humanlike. They even dance.
A.can B.must C.need D.have to
【答案】A
【详解】句意“如今,一些机器人非常像人类,他们甚至能跳舞”。A.能(表示现在的能力);B.一定(表示肯定推测);C.需要;D.不得不。根据句意可知,译为“他们甚至能跳舞”,故选A。
43.If everyone starts to do something for the earth, the world ________.
A.will save B.will be saved C.is saving D.is saved
【答案】B
【详解】句意:如果每个人都开始为地球做点什么,世界就会被拯救。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。分析句子可知,这是一个由if引导的条件状语从句。从句使用一般现在时,主句使用一般将来时,主将从现;主语 world 是动作的承受者,应使用被动语态,即一般将来时的被动语态,其构成为:will be+过去分词,save的过去分词是saved。故选 B。
44.Millions of tourists _______ to travel to Mount Tai every year.
A.attract B.have attracted
C.are attracting D.are attracted
【答案】D
【详解】句意:每年数以百万计的游客被吸引到泰山旅游。
考查被动语态。主语和动词attract之间是被动关系,应用被动语态结构“be done”。故选D。
45.A new library and a new dining hall ________ in our school next year.
A.will build B.will be built C.build D.are built
【答案】B
【详解】句意:明年我们学校将建一个新图书馆和一个新食堂。
考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“A new library and a new dining hall ... in our school next year.”可知,该句是一般将来时的被动语态,其谓语结构是:will be+动词的过去分词,“build”的过去分词是built。故选B。
46.In most museums, there is no shouting and no running, and you ________ touch anything.
A.must B.should C.needn’t D.mustn’t
【答案】D
【详解】本题考查:情态动词。选项分析:A. must必须,一定。 B. should应该。 C. needn’t没必要。D. mustn’t禁止,千万不能。依据博物馆常识及后面的touch anything,综合分析前后句, 可知此处填mustn’t最合适,完整句意为:In most museums, there is no shouting and no running, and you mustn't touch anything.在大多数博物馆里,没有喊叫和奔跑,你不能触摸任何东西。正确答案为:D
47.Do you know __________ Tianjin or not the day after tomorrow?
A.whether are they leaving for B.whether they are leaving for
C.why they are leaving for D.if are they leaving for
【答案】B
【详解】句意:你知道后天他们是否要去天津吗?这里是宾语从句,注意用陈述语序,排除AD;根据or not可知这里是whether引导的宾语从句,表示是否。根据题意,故选B。
48.— I heard there would be the COP15(联合国《生物多样性公约》大会) in Kunming. Do you know ________?
— Yes, of course. It will be held in October.
A.when the COP15 will be held B.when will the COP15 be held
C.why the COP15 will be held D.why will the COP15 be held
【答案】A
【详解】句意:—— 我听说联合国《生物多样性公约》大会将在昆明召开。你知道第15届联合国《生物多样性公约》大会将于何时举行吗?—— 是的,当然。会议将于10月举行。
考查宾语从句。根据“It will be held in October”可知,是询问何时举行;再者根据宾语从句的语序可知,需要用陈述语气,结合选项,“when the COP15 will be held”符合句意。故选A。
49.The Hong Kong—Zhuhai—Macao Bridge in 2018. We are proud of it.
A.is completed B.is completing C.was completed D.completes
【答案】C
【详解】句意:“港珠澳”大桥于2018竣工。我们为此感到骄傲。A为一般现在时的被动句;B为现在进行时;C为一般过去时的被动句;D为一般现在时。我们知道“港珠澳”大桥与动词complete之间存在着被动关系,因此应该用被动句,排除B/D;再根据in 2018可知,本题的时态为一般过去时,所以本题应该用一般过去时的被动句来填。故选C。
50.—Is that cap Bob’s?
—No, it________be his. His cap is blue.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.may not
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——那个帽子是Bob的吗?——不,不可能是他的。他的帽子是蓝色的。
考查情态动词表示推测的用法。can’t不可能;mustn’t禁止,不要;needn’t没有必要;may not可能不。根据句意“His cap is blue”可知,这里表示比较肯定的否定的推测,故选A。
二、单句语法填空:在空格处填入一个适当的词或用所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共30小题,每小题1分,共30分)
51.She can ________ fruit and vegetables here. (buy)
【答案】buy
【详解】句意:她可以在这里买蔬菜和水果。情态动词can后加动词原形。故填buy。
52.She hears that we_________(have) an English test next week.
【答案】will have
【详解】句意:她听说我们下周要举行一次英语考试。根据“next week”可知,从句要用一般将来时will do的结构,故填will have。
53.The teacher told us that the earth ________ (go) around the sun.
【答案】goes
【详解】句意:老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。根据“the earth … around the sun.”可知,地球绕着太阳转是客观真理,要用一般现在时;主语“the earth”是第三人称单数,对应的动词也要用单数形式。故填goes。
54.At last, the police came and the thieves were ________ (take) away.
【答案】taken
【详解】句意:最后,警察来了,小偷被带走了。take away是动词短语,意为“带走”,与主语the thieves小偷是被动关系,被动语态的结构是“be+动词的过去分词”。故填taken。
55.Chinese is ________ (speak) by a large number of people in the world.
【答案】spoken
【详解】句意:汉语被世界上很多人说。speak“说”。根据“Chinese”和“by a large number of people”可知,汉语是被许多人说,表被动应用“be+过去分词”的结构,由“is”可知,空格处应用speak的过去分词spoken。故填spoken。
56.—I think the mutton _______ (be) very delicious.
—I agree with you.
【答案】is
【详解】句意:——我觉得羊肉很好吃。——我同意你的看法。根据“think”可知,从句时态不受限制,陈述事实用一般现在时,主语是不可数名词“mutton”,be动词用单数is,故填is。
57.If it rains tomorrow, the football match ________ (cancel).
【答案】will be cancelled
【详解】句意:如果明天下雨,足球赛将被取消。
该句为含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句,根据句中的时间状语为tomorrow,结合“主将从现”原则可知,该句的主句为一般将来时态,从句为一般现在时态表将来,又知主句的主语the football match 是谓语动词cancel的承受者,二者形成被动关系,故确定为被动语态;因此主句的谓语动词用一般将来时态的被动语态,其结构为:will+be+及物动词的过去分词,故填will be cancelled。
58.The exciting game is ________ (make) up of some small games.
【答案】made
【详解】句意:这个令人激动的游戏是有几个小游戏组成的。根据句意可知,这里表示“由……组成”be made up of,故填made。
59.His mother is ill, so he has to ________ (cook) by himself.
【答案】cook
【详解】句意:他母亲病了,所以他不得不自己做饭。句中空前has to“不得不”为情态动词,其后应接动词原形,故此处应为所给动词cook“做饭”的原形。故填cook。
60.When Kobe Bryant ___________ (ask) why he was so successful, he replied, “Have you ever seen the view in Los Angeles at four o’clock in the morning?”
【答案】was asked
【详解】句意:当科比被问到他为何如此成功时,他回答说:“你见过洛杉矶凌晨四点钟的景色吗?”根据句意以及所给英文提示可知,句子是一般过去时的被动语态,主语是“Kobe Bryant”,be动词用“was”,ask的过去分词为“asked”。故填was asked。
61.We must ________ (protect) the animals.
【答案】protect
【详解】句意:我们必须保护动物。protect“保护”,情态动词must后用动词原形。
62.You’d better ________ (finish) your homework on time.
【答案】finish
【详解】句意:你最好准时完成你的家庭作业。句中“You’d better”是“You had better”的缩写,had better是情态动词,后接动词原形,had better do sth.“最好做某事”;finish“完成”,动词。故填finish。
63.We can ________ (reuse) the old clothes.
【答案】reuse
【详解】句意:我们可以重新利用旧衣服。 句中情态动词can后需接动词原形,括号内提示词reuse本身就是动词原形,符合语法规则。
64.(2019宿迁中考)My hometown is greener now. More and more trees ____________(plant) every spring.
【答案】are planted
【详解】句意:我的家乡现在更绿了。每年春天种的树越来越多。根据“every spring”可知,时态用一般现在时,由“trees”与“plant”之间是被动关系,所以用一般现在时的被动语态,主语“More and more trees”是复数,be动词用are,plant“种植”过去分词是planted,故填are planted。
65.She has a sore throat, she can’t _________ (talk) loudly.
【答案】talk
【详解】句意:她喉咙痛,不能大声说话。talk“说话”,动词,位于情态动词can之后,保持其动词原形不变。故填talk。
66.Not only Peter but also I ____________ (offer) a well-paid job because of our hard work last month.
【答案】was offered
【详解】句意:由于我们上个月的努力工作,不仅彼得而且我也得到了一份报酬优厚的工作。分析句子可知,句中主语和谓语动词offer是被动关系,又根据时间状语last month可知,该句应用一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为was/were+动词过去分词;因为not only… but also…连接两个主语时,使用就近原则,所以be动词应用was,offer过去分词为offered,故填was offered。
67.—Can you ________ (dance)? —Sorry, I can't.
【答案】dance
【详解】句意:——你会跳舞吗?——对不起,我不会。dance“跳舞”,动词;情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填dance。
68.We should ________ (believe) in ourselves and our teammates at any time.
【答案】believe
【详解】句意:我们应该在任何时候相信自己和队友。believe“相信”,动词,情态动词should后接动词原形。
69.Neither of them ___________ (choose) to become a pilot because of their carelessness.
【答案】was chosen
【详解】句意:他们两个因为他们的粗心,没有一个被选为宇航员。根据语境可知时态应用一般过去时;主语neither of them与谓语choose是逻辑上的动宾关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态,其谓语结构是“was/were+动词过去分词”,主语是第三人单数,be动词用was。故填was chosen。
70.Everyone must not __________ (smoke) in the library.
【答案】smoke
【详解】句意:每个人都禁止在图书馆里抽烟。somke“抽烟”,must为情态动词,后跟动词原形。故填smoke。
71.The fashion show is going to ________ (hold) next Friday.
【答案】be held
【详解】句意:时尚秀将在下周五被举行。根据“The fashion show is going to…next Friday.”和单词提示可知, fashion show与hold之间构成被动关系,be going to后接动词原形。故填be held。
72.The students didn’t understand the sentence until it ______________ (explain) again.
【答案】was explained
【详解】句意:直到这个句子再次被解释,学生们才理解它。“it”指的是“sentence”,与所给词“explain”之间是被动关系,要用被动语态;根据“didn’t”可知,句子的时态为一般过去时;再根据主语 “it”是第三人称单数,故填was explained。
73.Do you know what the boy ___________ (look) for over there?
【答案】is looking
【详解】句意:你知道那个男孩在那边找什么吗?根据“what the boy...for”推测,应是问那个男孩正在找什么,句子应该使用现在进行时,用be doing的结构,主语是“the boy”,be动词用is。故填is looking。
74.The comic books you are looking forward to ______________ (sell) out in a few days.
【答案】will be sold
【详解】句意:你期待的连环画几天后就要卖完了。本句主语是The comic books you are looking forward to,you are looking forward to是定语从句,修饰The comic books;本句时间状语in a few days(几天以后),可知此句时态是一般将来时,结合句意可知此句是一般将来时的被动语态,其构成will be done.;结合所给词可知填will be sold。
75.English ___________ (speak) here.
【答案】is spoken
【详解】句意:这里讲英语。句子主语“English”与动词“speak”之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,陈述事实用一般现在时,被动结构是“am/is/are+过去分词”,主语是单数,be动词用is,故填is spoken。
76.Can you _______ (come) to my birthday party tomorrow?
【答案】come
【详解】句意:你明天能来参加我的生日聚会吗?本句是情态动词开头的一般疑问句,英语中情态动词后要接动词原形,所以空格应用动词原形,故填come。
77.Can we ___________ (wear) hats in school?
【答案】wear
【详解】句意:我们能在学校戴帽子吗?情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填wear。
78.We should speak and ________ (behave) politely.
【答案】behave
【详解】句意:我们应该说话得体、举止礼貌。根据“speak and”可知,and连接两个并列的动词,speak为动词原形,因此横线处也需填动词原形,与speak并列作谓语。behave“表现,举止”,动词,符合语境。故填behave。
79.They can’t ________ (leave) school before they are 16 years old.
【答案】leave
【详解】句意:在16岁之前他们不能离开学校。“can’t”是情态动词,后面接动词原形,leave“离开”,故填leave。
80.The whole earth ______________ (cover) with white snow in winter in the north of China.
【答案】is covered
【详解】句意:在中国的北方,冬天的时候整个大地都覆盖着白雪。cover覆盖,是一个动词。这里考查了固定短语be covered with…覆盖着…,句子叙述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时态,主语是单数,故填is covered。
三、完成句子:根据汉语提示完成下列句子(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
81.当遇到网络欺凌时,你可以向父母求助。
When you meet cyberbullying, you can ________ ________ your parents for help.
【答案】 turn to
【详解】由中英文对照可知,英文句子缺少“向……求助”的表达,英文短语为“turn to sb. for help”,其中“can”为情态动词,后接动词原形,所以“turn”用原形。故填turn;to。
82.某种食物的味道和气味经常能唤起过往的回忆。
The taste and smell of a certain food can often ________ ________ memories.
【答案】 bring back
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“唤起”。bring back表示“唤起”;根据“can often”可知,此处用动词原形,故填bring;back。
83.我们应该尽我们最大努力学习。
We should ________ our ________ and work hard.
【答案】 try best
【详解】try one’s best“尽某人最大努力”,为固定短语,should接动词原形。故填try;best。
84.失败可能会在我们生命的任何阶段降临。
Failure may ________ ________ us at any stage in our lives.
【答案】 happen to
【详解】原句中“降临”是关键词,表示“(不幸等)降临到某人身上”的短语是happen to。本句中情态动词may后接动词原形。故填happen;to。
85.天太热了。我们不能去观光游览。
It’s too hot. We can’t ___________ ____________ .
【答案】 go sightseeing
【详解】go sightseeing“去观光游览”,can’t后接动词原形,故填go;sightseeing。
86.遇到困难时,我们应该寻求帮助。
We should ________ ________ help when we are in trouble.
【答案】 ask for
【详解】根据中英文对比可知,空格处应填意为“寻求”的短语。ask for为固定搭配,意为“寻求”,空格前为情态动词“should”,故动词ask应用原形,故填ask;for。
87.看手机信息会占去你的很多时间。
Reading messages on phone may __________ __________ much of your time.
【答案】 take up
【详解】take up“占用”,动词短语,情态动词may后跟动词原形。故填take;up。
88.你有困难时,可以找她帮忙。
When you are in difficulty, you may ________ ________ her help.
【答案】 ask for
【详解】may是情态动词,表示“可以”,后接动词原形。固定搭配:ask for help“寻求帮助”,所以空格处填动词原形ask for。故答案为ask for。
89.时间到了,我们等不及了。
Time is up. We ________ ________.
【答案】 can’t wait
【详解】根据汉语提示可知,这里表示“等不及”,“等待”wait,“等不及”can’t wait,句子是一般现在时。故填can’t;wait。
90.我外出时,能请你照顾我的猫吗?
Could you please ________ ________ my cat while I’m away?
【答案】 look after
【详解】照顾:look after,情态动词could后加动词原形。故填look;after。
91.给你照片。你能把它贴墙上吗?
Here is the picture. Can you ________ it ________ on the wall?
【答案】 put up
【详解】由英汉对照可知,空格处填“把……贴上”, put…up“贴上,把……贴上”符合题意,情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填put;up。
92.鞋上有一些泥。你可以用刷子把它刷掉。
There is some mud on the shoes. You can ________ it ________ with the brush.
【答案】 brush off
【详解】据所给中英文可知,要翻译的是“用刷子把……刷掉”。对应的短语是brush...off。can后接动词原形。故填brush;off。
93.很多名医被召来给国王诊治。
Many famous doctors were ______ ______ to examine the king.
【答案】 called in
【详解】根据语境可知,时态为一般过去时,且结合语意可知,“名医”和“国王”之间是被动关系,应用一般过去时被动语态,“被召来”即be called in。故填called;in。
94.我们应该保持健康。
We should ________ ________.
【答案】 keep/stay/be healthy
【详解】分析句子可知,空处需要翻译的是“保持健康”,保持健康:keep/stay/be healthy,固定词组,should是情态动词,其后跟动词原形。故填keep/stay/be;healthy。
95.它可能在我们生命的任何阶段降临。
It may ________ ________ us at any stage in our lives.
【答案】 come upon
【详解】原句中“降临”是关键词,“降临(到某人身上)”常见的英文表达是“come upon sb” ,在情态动词“may”后用动词原形,所以此处应填come upon。
96.不管有多困难你都不要放弃。
No matter how hard it is, you shouldn’t ________ ________.
【答案】 give up
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,give up表示“放弃”,空前是情态动词,后跟动词原形。故填give;up。
97.你最好脱掉湿衣服,否则你会感冒的。
You’d better ________ ________ your wet clothes, or you’ll catch a cold.
【答案】 take off
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,空处应填“脱掉”。take off“脱掉”,是固定短语。had better do sth“最好做某事”。故填take;off。
98.老师们希望我们所有人每天都能按时交作业。
The teachers hope all of us can ________ ________ our homework on time every day.
【答案】 hand in
【详解】hand in“上交”,动词短语,情态动词can后跟动词原形。故填hand;in。
99.作为学生,我们应该认真复习功课,认真做作业。
As students, we should ________ ________ lessons and do our homework carefully.
【答案】 go over
【详解】句意:根据中英文对照,缺少“复习”,其英文表达为go over;情态动词should后面接动词原形。故填go;over。
100.我们应该在社区里伸出援手,帮助他人。
We should ________ ________ in the community and help others.
【答案】 help out
【详解】根据中英文对照可知,此处缺少“伸出援手”。“伸出援手、帮忙”在英文中常用动词短语“help out”表达。情态动词should后接动词原形。故填help;out。
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八年级下册期末考之核心语法综合练习(新教材外研版)
内容提要
单项选择题
单句语法填空题
完成句子填空题
班级 姓名 学号 分数
(时间:60分钟,满分:120分)
单元名称
核心语法知识点
Unit 1 Career talks
一般现在时和一般将来时的被动语态
Unit 2 Growing pains and gains
一般过去时的被动语态
Unit 3 What makes a great team?
情态动词
Unit 4 Helping out
表示 “可能性与推测” 的常用情态动词
Unit 5 Looking into nature
由 that、if、whether 引导的宾语从句
Unit 6 Living with nature
宾语从句
一、单项选择(本大题共50小题,每小题1分,共50分)
1.When waiting for the bus, you________ push your way onto the bus.
A.must B.mustn’t C.can D.may
2.—Just tell me ________.
—I had eggs and some milk.
A.what you had for breakfast B.what did you have for breakfast
C.when you had breakfast D.when did you have breakfast
3.—Your dress looks nice on you. Could you please tell me ________?
—On Tmall. It’s very convenient.
A.when did you buy it B.where did you buy it
C.when you bought it D.where you bought it
4.You’d better ________ now if you want to take the bus.
A.go B.to go C.going D.to going
5.—Could you tell me ________ “the Father of China’s Nuclear Submarines”?
—Because he dedicated his life to China’s nuclear submarines (核潜艇).
A.when was Huang Xuhua called B.why is Huang Xuhua called
C.when Huang Xuhua was called D.why Huang Xuhua is called
6.—Lily, Why is the saying “You cannot please everyone” so true?
—Because it tells us ________.
A.how to make everyone happy
B.that it’s impossible to satisfy all people
C.why should we never care about others’ opinions
D.when we should stop trying to help others
7.Dr Bethune ________ still________ in both China and Canada today
A.is; remembered B.is; remembering C.will; remember D.has; remembered
8.Look at the “No parking” sign. You ________ park your car here.
A.should B.must C.needn’t D.mustn’t
9.This morning my mother asked me __________.
A.why he is not here
B.where Julia went last weekend
C.what time is it
D.how did my brother do it
10.---Must I come before 6: 30 tomorrow?
---No. You______ There will be plenty of time.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.couldn’t D.needn’t
11.—Excuse me, could you tell me ?
—In five minutes.
A.how soon will the film begin B.how soon the film will begin
C.how long the film has been on D.how long has the film been on
12.You’d better ________ an umbrella with you. It seems like it’s going to rain soon.
A.to take B.taking C.taken D.take
13.Students ________ improve their language skills by watching English films.
A.must B.can C.should D.need
14.Someone has called 120. The little girl ________ to hospital in a few minutes.
A.takes B.is taking C.was taken D.will be taken
15.You ________ swim here. The river is very deep and dirty.
A.mustn’t B.can C.needn’t D.may
16.—Must I be home before eight o’clock, Mum?
—No, you ________. But you have to come back before ten o’clock.
A.mustn’t B.can’t
C.needn’t D.couldn’t
17.According to the traffic law, people under 18 ________ drive cars on the road.
A.may not B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.don’t have to
18.The problem _______ about at the meeting tomorrow.
A.is talking B.is talked
C.is going to talk D.will be talked
19.—It’s said that a new kind of robot ________ soon. It can take care of the old.
—That’s amazing!
A.is invent B.will invent C.invents D.will be invented
20.Body language ________ by people to express ideas. Many people use it to communicate.
A.will be used B.was used C.is used D.uses
21.It _________ be the only way to work out the problem. There are other choices.
A.mustn’t B.may not C.need D.should
22.—Isn’t that Susan’s husband over there?
—No, it ________ be him. He doesn’t wear glasses.
A.mustn’t B.can’t C.needn’t D.may not
23.—Do you have any plans for the coming summer holiday?
—I’m not sure. I ________ go to Qingdao.
A.should B.must C.can D.may
24.Tu Youyou ________ one of the greatest scientists in the world.
A.considers B.considered
C.is considered D.is considering
25.—Tom, do you know ________?
—In Beijing.
A.where will the 24th Winter Olympics be held
B.where the 24th Winter Olympics will hold
C.where will the 24th Winter Olympics hold
D.where the 24th Winter Olympics will be held
26.---Fifty dollars for such a T-shirt! You _______ be joking!
---I’m serious.It’s made of silk.
A.must B.need C.may D.can
27.The winter holiday is coming. Do you know ________ during the holiday?
A.what will Tom do B.what did Tom do
C.what Tom will do D.what Tom did
28.If you see the cartoon films, you will __________ laugh.
A.be made B.make
C.make to D.be made to
29.—Hi, Jim! Avatar: The Way of Water(阿凡达2) is on the way! Do you know ________?
—On December 16, 2022.
A.when it will be on in China B.how long it will be on in China
C.when will it be on in China D.how long will it be on in China
30.A talk on Chinese history ________ in the school hall tomorrow. I’m looking forward to it.
A.will be given B.will give C.is given D.gives
31.I don’t know________ computer games so much.
A.why do they like B.what they like
C.how do they like D.why they like
32.—Need I report it to the police?
—Yes, you ________. It’s really important to them.
A.need B.must C.can D.might
33.I don’t know_______________.
A.where can we buy the tickets
B.how much it costs to fly to Hainan
C.what is he waiting for
D.why was he late for school this morning
34.Our team lost! We ____________ by the other team.
A.were beaten B.are beaten C.will be beaten D.beat
35.Usually a lot of flowers ________ indoors in winter.
A.were stored B.are stored C.stored D.have stored
36.-May I take this magazine out of reading room?
-No, you________. That’s against the rule.
A.mightn’t B.won’t
C.needn’t D.mustn’t
37.I believe _________we shall become good friends.
A.which B.what C.that D.when
38.—What did the teacher say just now?
—She said that the earth ________ round the sun.
A.go B.goes C.going D.will go
39.– Mum, ______ I see the film My People, My country?
— Sure, but you ______ finish your homework first.
A.may; could B.can: must C.can;: mustn’t D.may; can’t
40.My model plane ________. Do you want to see it?
A.is done B.does C.did D.was doing
41.— Can you ________ up your right hand?
— ________, of course.
A.put; No B.putting; Yes C.to put; Sorry D.put; Yes
42.Nowadays, some robots are very humanlike. They even dance.
A.can B.must C.need D.have to
43.If everyone starts to do something for the earth, the world ________.
A.will save B.will be saved C.is saving D.is saved
44.Millions of tourists _______ to travel to Mount Tai every year.
A.attract B.have attracted
C.are attracting D.are attracted
45.A new library and a new dining hall ________ in our school next year.
A.will build B.will be built C.build D.are built
46.In most museums, there is no shouting and no running, and you ________ touch anything.
A.must B.should C.needn’t D.mustn’t
47.Do you know __________ Tianjin or not the day after tomorrow?
A.whether are they leaving for B.whether they are leaving for
C.why they are leaving for D.if are they leaving for
48.— I heard there would be the COP15(联合国《生物多样性公约》大会) in Kunming. Do you know ________?
— Yes, of course. It will be held in October.
A.when the COP15 will be held B.when will the COP15 be held
C.why the COP15 will be held D.why will the COP15 be held
49.The Hong Kong—Zhuhai—Macao Bridge in 2018. We are proud of it.
A.is completed B.is completing C.was completed D.completes
50.—Is that cap Bob’s?
—No, it________be his. His cap is blue.
A.can’t B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.may not
二、单句语法填空:在空格处填入一个适当的词或用所给单词的适当形式填空(本大题共30小题,每小题1分,共30分)
51.She can ________ fruit and vegetables here. (buy)
52.She hears that we_________(have) an English test next week.
53.The teacher told us that the earth ________ (go) around the sun.
54.At last, the police came and the thieves were ________ (take) away.
55.Chinese is ________ (speak) by a large number of people in the world.
56.—I think the mutton _______ (be) very delicious.
—I agree with you.
57.If it rains tomorrow, the football match ________ (cancel).
58.The exciting game is ________ (make) up of some small games.
59.His mother is ill, so he has to ________ (cook) by himself.
60.When Kobe Bryant ___________ (ask) why he was so successful, he replied, “Have you ever seen the view in Los Angeles at four o’clock in the morning?”
61.We must ________ (protect) the animals.
62.You’d better ________ (finish) your homework on time.
63.We can ________ (reuse) the old clothes.
64.(2019宿迁中考)My hometown is greener now. More and more trees ____________(plant) every spring.
65.She has a sore throat, she can’t _________ (talk) loudly.
66.Not only Peter but also I ____________ (offer) a well-paid job because of our hard work last month.
67.—Can you ________ (dance)? —Sorry, I can't.
68.We should ________ (believe) in ourselves and our teammates at any time.
69.Neither of them ___________ (choose) to become a pilot because of their carelessness.
70.Everyone must not __________ (smoke) in the library.
71.The fashion show is going to ________ (hold) next Friday.
72.The students didn’t understand the sentence until it ______________ (explain) again.
73.Do you know what the boy ___________ (look) for over there?
74.The comic books you are looking forward to ______________ (sell) out in a few days.
75.English ___________ (speak) here.
76.Can you _______ (come) to my birthday party tomorrow?
77.Can we ___________ (wear) hats in school?
78.We should speak and ________ (behave) politely.
79.They can’t ________ (leave) school before they are 16 years old.
80.The whole earth ______________ (cover) with white snow in winter in the north of China.
三、完成句子:根据汉语提示完成下列句子(本大题共20小题,每小题2分,共40分)
81.当遇到网络欺凌时,你可以向父母求助。
When you meet cyberbullying, you can ________ ________ your parents for help.
82.某种食物的味道和气味经常能唤起过往的回忆。
The taste and smell of a certain food can often ________ ________ memories.
83.我们应该尽我们最大努力学习。
We should ________ our ________ and work hard.
84.失败可能会在我们生命的任何阶段降临。
Failure may ________ ________ us at any stage in our lives.
85.天太热了。我们不能去观光游览。
It’s too hot. We can’t ___________ ____________ .
86.遇到困难时,我们应该寻求帮助。
We should ________ ________ help when we are in trouble.
87.看手机信息会占去你的很多时间。
Reading messages on phone may __________ __________ much of your time.
88.你有困难时,可以找她帮忙。
When you are in difficulty, you may ________ ________ her help.
89.时间到了,我们等不及了。
Time is up. We ________ ________.
90.我外出时,能请你照顾我的猫吗?
Could you please ________ ________ my cat while I’m away?
91.给你照片。你能把它贴墙上吗?
Here is the picture. Can you ________ it ________ on the wall?
92.鞋上有一些泥。你可以用刷子把它刷掉。
There is some mud on the shoes. You can ________ it ________ with the brush.
93.很多名医被召来给国王诊治。
Many famous doctors were ______ ______ to examine the king.
94.我们应该保持健康。
We should ________ ________.
95.它可能在我们生命的任何阶段降临。
It may ________ ________ us at any stage in our lives.
96.不管有多困难你都不要放弃。
No matter how hard it is, you shouldn’t ________ ________.
97.你最好脱掉湿衣服,否则你会感冒的。
You’d better ________ ________ your wet clothes, or you’ll catch a cold.
98.老师们希望我们所有人每天都能按时交作业。
The teachers hope all of us can ________ ________ our homework on time every day.
99.作为学生,我们应该认真复习功课,认真做作业。
As students, we should ________ ________ lessons and do our homework carefully.
100.我们应该在社区里伸出援手,帮助他人。
We should ________ ________ in the community and help others.
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