Unit 6学霸必背知识清单2 2025-2026学年译林版英语八年级下册

该初中英语知识清单聚焦译林版牛津英语八下Unit 6“Sunshine for all”，涵盖核心语法句型（如It is+adj.+to do sth.等）和重点词汇（如voluntary、suffer from等），搭建从“句型结构解析”到“词汇用法拓展”的递进式学习支架。 清单通过“句型分类标注+词汇关联拓展”呈现知识体系，对易混句型（如for/of sb.结构）明确形容词使用差异，词汇部分附词性转换（如west→western）和近义词辨析（如disease/illness），培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设计例句辅助理解，便于学生自主复习，也为教师教学提供精准素材支持。

Read and recite it one more time, and you'll really get the hang of it. --- Allan 2025译林版牛津英语八下学霸必背知识清单 Unit 6 Sunshine for all Grammar 1. It is+adj. +to do sth. 做某事是……的 此句型中的It为形式主语，无实际意义，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，句中的形容词表示动词不定式所具备的特征或客观情况。这种句型也可以将动词不定式或动名词放在句首直接作主语。 It is wrong to look down on the disabled. = To look down on the disabled is wrong. 看不起残疾人是不对的。 It is necessary to train for the coming game. = To train/Training for the coming game is necessary. 为即将到来的比赛训练是有必要的。 2. It is+adj. +for sb.+to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是……的 此句型中的形容词表示不定式所具备的特征或客观情况，如：convenient、cheap、interesting、necessary、normal、possible、important、useful、dangerous 等。其中，for 用来引出逻辑主语。 It is necessary for students to wear uniforms at school. 对于学生来说，在学校穿校服是必要的。 It is very easy for her to solve this problem. 对她来说，解决这个问题很容易。 3. It is+adj. +of sb.+to do sth. 某人做某事真是…… 此句型中的形容词用于描述人的性格、品质、行为特征，如：polite、silly、brave、careless、nice、wrong、kind、stupid、clever 等。句子可以转换为 sb is+adj. +to do sth 的形式。 It is brave of him to save the child from the fire. = He is brave to save the child from the fire. 他从火灾中救出那个孩子，真是勇敢。 It is patient of the teacher to explain the problem again and again until the students understand. = The teacher is patient to explain the problem again and again until the students understand. 老师一遍又一遍地解释这道难题，直到学生们理解，真是有耐心。 4. Right now, I am doing some voluntary work at a school for blind children. 现在我在一所盲童学校做志愿工作。 · voluntary adj. 义务性的；自愿的 voluntary work/activity/service 志愿工作/活动/服务 She does voluntary work at the community center. 她在社区中心做志愿者工作。 · volunteer n. 志愿者 v. 自愿做；义务做 volunteer to do sth 自愿做某事 Many students are volunteers in the community. 许多学生是社区里的志愿者。 I volunteer to clean the classroom. 我自愿打扫教室。 5. cross the road 过马路 · cross vt. 穿越，横过（指从物体表面穿过，相当于go across） cross the road/river 过马路/河 We can't play with mobile phones when we cross the road. 我们过马路时不能玩手机。 · crossing n. 人行横道；十字路口 We met at the crossing near the school. 我们在学校附近的十字路口见面了。 · across prep. 从…一边到另一边（前面加动词）；在…对面 Many children like to go across the river to play on the grassland. 许多孩子喜欢渡过小河去草地上玩耍。 There is a big supermarket across our school. 就在我们学校对面有一家大型超市。 Integration 1. It asks college students to volunteer in China's western areas. 该项目号召大学生到中国西部地区开展志愿服务。 · western adj. 西部的；西方国家的（通常要大写首字母W） Western countries/culture西方国家/文化 Western food西餐 Pu'er Tea is usually planted in some western areas of Yunnan. 普洱茶通常种植于云南省西部的部分地区。 Western people eat with knives and forks while Chinese people use chopsticks. 西方人用刀叉吃饭，而中国人用筷子。 · west (西部)→western (西部的)； east (东部)→eastern (东部的) south (南部)→southern (南部的)； north (北部)→northern (北部的) 2. This programme began in 2003 and has grown in popularity. 这个项目始于2003年，且越来越受欢迎。 · popularity n. 受欢迎，普及 grow/increase in popularity 越来越受欢迎 Online classes have won great popularity among students. 网课在学生中大受欢迎。 Short videos are growing in popularity these days. 如今短视频越来越受欢迎。 · popular adj. 受欢迎的 be popular among .... 在......中受欢迎 This song is popular among young people. 这首歌在年轻人中很受欢迎。 She is popular among her classmates. 她在同学中人缘很好。 3. He suffers from a serious blood disease. 他患有严重的血液疾病。 · suffer vi. 受折磨；变差 suffer from... 患有（疾病）；遭受（痛苦、问题等） My grandmother is suffering from a cold these days. 我奶奶这些天患感冒了。 His school work is suffering because of family problems. 由于家庭问题，他的学业日渐 退步。 · suffer vt. 遭受（后直接跟表示负面意义的的名词作为宾语，如pain、loss） He suffered much sadness after losing his close friend. 失去挚友之后，他内心承受了无尽的悲伤。 Lots of businesses suffered heavy losses during the difficult period. 在这段艰难的时期里，许多企业都遭受了惨重的损失。 · blood un. 血，血液 fresh blood 新鲜血液 lose blood失血 blood type 血型 give/donate blood 献血 He lost a lot of blood in the accident. 他在那场事故中流了很多血。 What blood type are you? 你是什么血型？ Many warm-hearted people come here to donate blood. 许多热心人士前来这里无偿献血。 · disease n. 病，疾病（指较严重的身体疾病，尤其是影响身体器官的疾病）→ illness n. 病，疾病（指重病或小病均可，也可指精神上的疾病） → sickness n. 不适、恶心、小病 Many people die from serious heart disease every year. 每年有许多人死于严重的心脏疾病。 He can't come because of illness. 他因病不能来。 She felt sickness after taking the cold medicine. 吃完感冒药后她感到一阵恶心不适。 4. ... has been absent from school since last month. ...自从上个月起就一直没来上学。 · absent adj. 缺席，不在 be absent from ... 缺席...... There is no absent student in our class today. 我们班今天没有缺席的学生。 Tom was absent from school because he was ill. 汤姆因为生病缺课了。 5. They cannot afford such an expensive operation. 他们负担不起如此昂贵的手术费用。 · afford v. 买得起；承担得起 afford sth. 买得起某物 afford + 金钱 付得起多少钱 can afford to do sth. 有能力做某事 I can afford a new bike. 我买得起一辆新自行车。 They can’t afford to travel abroad. 他们没钱出国旅行。 We can’t afford to waste time. 我们经不起浪费时间。 I can afford 500 yuan. 我拿得出500 元。 · operation n. 手术 do an operation on... 给......做手术 Doctors have decided to do an operation on him to save his life. 医生们决定为他做手术来挽救他的生命。 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $