语法填空必刷:模拟题 + 名校联考题 易错考点全突破(32)-2026届高三英语三轮复习专项

2026-05-18
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资源信息

学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 高三
章节 -
类型 题集-专项训练
知识点 -
使用场景 高考复习-三轮冲刺
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 109 KB
发布时间 2026-05-18
更新时间 2026-05-18
作者 黑夜5543
品牌系列 -
审核时间 2026-05-17
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/57896921.html
价格 3.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

摘要:

**基本信息** 以中国传统文化为主题载体,通过“真题模拟+举一反三+系统总结”三维设计,构建“考点分类-方法指导-易错突破”的语法填空专项突破体系,提升语言运用与文化理解能力。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法填空|2组32题,涵盖冠词、非谓语等8大考点|冠词“看发音选a/an”、非谓语“主动doing/被动done”、时态“现完+since”等|从基础(冠词/介词)到复杂(从句/特殊句式),结合语境构建“规则-应用-拓展”逻辑链| |举一反三|2组32题,改编自原题|词性转换“动→名/形→副”、连词“some...and some”等|通过同源主题复现考点,强化知识迁移与思维品质| |知识点总结|8大模块系统梳理|“高频易错点汇总”精准提炼失分点|以例题为载体,融合文化意识,实现语言能力与应试技巧双提升|

内容正文:

语法填空必刷:模拟题 + 名校联考题 易错考点全突破 第一组 语法填空(单句长难句·16题) 请根据句意及语法知识,在横线上填入适当的词(每空1词,可涉及词性转换、冠词、介词、连词、非谓语动词、时态语态、从句引导词等),完成下列单句长难句填空。 1. As ______ amateur student of history, I have always been fascinated with Suzhou and had particularly high expectations. 2. The following few days found me floating down the ancient canals, visiting historic gardens, ______ (explore) the city’s markets and tasting Suzhou cuisine. 3. I found myself ______ (overwhelm) by the infectious energy that surges through the beautiful city of Suzhou. 4. Suzhou people have enormous respect for ______ (they) city’s history, while also having an innovative eye on the future. 5. Suzhou served ______ a key trading hub for much of China’s history, drawing in scholars, engineers and merchants from all over the country. 6. The entirety of Suzhou ______ (be) a true treasure of China that manages the difficult balance of innovation and preservation. 7. I eagerly await what extraordinary ______ (accomplish) Suzhou will surely achieve in the near future. 8. The couplets, which refer to two poetic lines obeying certain rules, are often written on red paper for ______ (appreciate). 9. Generally, some couplets express people’s love for their motherland, some describe the beauty of nature, ______ some convey best wishes for the coming year. 10. Originating in the Five Dynasties, the couplets ______ (become) ubiquitous in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. 11. It was a custom for people ______ (hang) peach wood charms to drive away evil spirits during the Spring Festival. 12. It was said that the earliest couplets were written by Meng Xu, king of Houshu State, and it was ______ (extreme) popular in the Northern Song Dynasty. 13. Since the Ming Dynasty, to write couplets ______ (regard) as a mark of the cultured life of scholars. 14. The number of characters in each line of couplets can be different, but each line has the same length, ______ the last character of the first line is of an oblique tone. 15. The cheongsam is a female dress with distinctive Chinese features and enjoys growing ______ (popular) in the international high fashion world. 16. The name “cheongsam”, which ______ (mean) simply “long dress”, entered the English vocabulary from the dialect of Guangdong Province. 第一组 答案及详细核心知识点(方法指导+思维引领) 1. 答案:an (知识点:冠词-不定冠词;核心思维:空格后amateur student是单数可数名词短语,表泛指“一名业余历史学生”,amateur是以元音音素/ˈæmətə(r)/开头,故用an;方法指导:单数可数名词前无限定词(the、this、物主代词等),表泛指,优先用a/an;判断用a还是an,看单词发音,不看字母;拓展:常见易错单词:an amateur(一名业余爱好者)、an hour(一小时)、a university(一所大学);易错点:① 误写为a(amateur以元音音素开头,不用a);② 误写为the(定冠词表特指,此处无特指含义,不适用);③ 漏填an(单数可数名词前需加限定词,否则句子不完整);补充:类似句子:As an honest boy, he is always respected by his classmates.(作为一名诚实的男孩,他总是受到同学们的尊重。) 2. 答案:exploring (知识点:非谓语动词-现在分词;核心思维:句子主干是“The following few days found me floating...visiting...”,空格处与floating、visiting、tasting是并列关系,均为非谓语动词作宾语补足语,me(我)与explore(探索)之间是主动关系,故用现在分词exploring;方法指导:看到多个并列的非谓语动词,且逻辑主语与动词均为主动关系,统一用现在分词形式;拓展:现在分词作宾语补足语,表“宾语正在做某事”,常见结构:find sb doing sth(发现某人正在做某事);explore的现在分词是exploring;易错点:① 误写为explored(过去分词,表被动,我是主动探索,不适用);② 误写为to explore(不定式,表目的,此处是并列的伴随动作,不表目的);③ 误写为explore(动词原形,不能作非谓语动词);补充:类似句子:I found her sitting by the window, reading a book.(我发现她坐在窗边,读着一本书。) 3. 答案:overwhelmed (知识点:非谓语动词-过去分词;核心思维: myself(我)与overwhelm(使不知所措、使震撼)之间是被动关系,即“我被城市的活力震撼”,过去分词overwhelmed作宾语补足语;方法指导:find sb + 过去分词,表“发现某人被……”,逻辑主语与动词是被动关系;拓展:overwhelm的过去分词是overwhelmed;常见搭配:be overwhelmed by(被……震撼、被……淹没);易错点:① 误写为overwhelming(现在分词,表主动,我是被震撼,不适用);② 误写为overwhelm(动词原形,不能作非谓语动词);③ 拼写错误,如overwhelmed误写为overwhelmd;补充:类似结构:find sth done(发现某物被……),如I found the door locked.(我发现门被锁了。) 4. 答案:their (知识点:词性转换-人称代词变形容词性物主代词;核心思维:空格修饰名词city’s history(城市的历史),需用形容词性物主代词,they(他们)的形容词性物主代词是their(他们的);方法指导:名词前缺定语,所给词为人称代词时,优先转换为形容词性物主代词,修饰后面的名词;拓展:人称代词与物主代词的转换:I→my、you→your、he→his、she→her、they→their;常见搭配:their city’s history(他们城市的历史)、their own culture(他们自己的文化);易错点:① 误写为they(人称代词主格,不能修饰名词);② 误写为theirs(名词性物主代词,后面不能接名词);③ 漏填物主代词(缺少定语,句子语义不完整,无法体现“他们的城市”);补充:类似句子:They take great pride in their country’s achievements.(他们为自己国家的成就感到自豪。) 5. 答案:as (知识点:介词-固定搭配;核心思维:serve as是固定搭配,意为“担任、充当、作为”,此处表“苏州作为中国历史上的重要贸易枢纽”;方法指导:看到serve与后面的名词(表身份、角色、功能)搭配,优先想到固定短语serve as;拓展:常见搭配:serve as a hub(作为枢纽)、serve as a teacher(担任老师)、serve as a symbol(作为象征);as此处作介词,意为“作为”;易错点:① 误写为for(serve for意为“为……服务”,不表“作为”,与语境不符);② 误写为in(serve in后接地点,表“在某地服务”,不适用);③ 漏填介词(缺少介词,固定搭配不完整,句子语义不通);补充:类似句子:This building serves as a library for the local people.(这座建筑作为当地居民的图书馆使用。) 6. 答案:is (知识点:时态-一般现在时;核心思维:句子描述的是苏州的客观事实——“苏州是中国的瑰宝”,表客观事实、普遍真理,用一般现在时;主语the entirety of Suzhou(苏州整体)是单数,故用is;方法指导:看到描述客观事实、普遍真理、永恒特征的句子,优先用一般现在时;主语是单数(如the entirety of、each、every等修饰的名词),谓语动词用单数;拓展:the entirety of + 名词,视为单数,谓语动词用单数;常见搭配:the entirety of the city(城市整体)、the entirety of the country(国家整体);易错点:① 误写为was(一般过去时,表过去的状态,此处是客观事实,不适用);② 误写为are(主语是单数,谓语动词用is,不用are);③ 误写为has been(现在完成时,表持续到现在,此处无需强调持续,用一般现在时即可);补充:类似句子:The Great Wall is a symbol of China.(长城是中国的象征。) 7. 答案:accomplishments (知识点:词性转换-动词变名词;核心思维:空格前有形容词extraordinary(非凡的)修饰,且作await(期待)的宾语,需用名词;accomplish(完成、取得)的名词形式是accomplishment,此处表“非凡的成就”,为可数名词,结合语境,用复数accomplishments;方法指导:及物动词(await、gain、achieve等)后缺宾语,所给词为动词时,优先将动词转换为名词;名词前有形容词修饰,可根据语境判断单复数;拓展:accomplish的词性转换:accomplish(动词,完成)→ accomplishment(名词,成就),复数形式直接加-s;常见搭配:extraordinary accomplishments(非凡的成就)、achieve great accomplishments(取得巨大成就);易错点:① 误写为accomplish(动词,不能作宾语);② 误写为accomplishment(单数形式,此处表“诸多成就”,用复数更贴合语境);③ 拼写错误,如accomplishments误写为accomplishements;补充:类似转换:succeed(动词)→ success(名词)、develop(动词)→ development(名词),可数名词需根据语境判断单复数。 8. 答案:appreciation (知识点:词性转换-动词变名词;核心思维:空格前有介词for,介词后需接名词作宾语,故将动词appreciate(欣赏、赞赏)转换为名词appreciation(欣赏);方法指导:介词(for、of、in、on等)后缺宾语,所给词为动词时,需将动词转换为名词;拓展:appreciate的词性转换:appreciate(动词,欣赏)→ appreciation(名词,欣赏),为不可数名词;常见搭配:for appreciation(用于欣赏)、show appreciation for(对……表示欣赏);易错点:① 误写为appreciate(动词,不能作介词宾语);② 误写为appreciations(appreciation是不可数名词,无复数形式);③ 拼写错误,如appreciation误写为apprecition;补充:类似句子:We should show our appreciation for their hard work.(我们应该对他们的辛勤工作表示感谢。) 9. 答案:and (知识点:连词-并列连词;核心思维:句子中有三个并列分句“some express...some describe...______ some convey...”,表“一些……一些……还有一些……”,并列关系,用and连接;方法指导:看到多个并列的分句,且语义上是并列关系,无转折、因果含义,用and连接;拓展:and的常见用法:连接并列的单词、短语或句子,表并列、顺承关系;此处“some...some...and some...”是固定句式,表“一些……一些……还有一些……”;易错点:① 误写为but(but表转折,此处无转折含义,不适用);② 误写为or(or表选择,此处无选择含义,不适用);③ 漏填and(缺少并列连词,三个分句无法构成并列关系,句子结构不完整);补充:类似句子:Some students like reading, some like writing, and some like drawing.(一些学生喜欢阅读,一些喜欢写作,还有一些喜欢画画。) 10. 答案:became (知识点:时态-一般过去时;核心思维:时间状语in the Ming and Qing Dynasties(在明清时期),表过去的时间,句子描述的是对联在明清时期的状态,用一般过去时,become的过去式是became;方法指导:看到具体的过去时间状语(如during+过去朝代、in 1990、yesterday等),优先用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式;拓展:become的过去式是became(不规则变化),过去分词是become;常见搭配:become ubiquitous(变得无处不在)、become popular(变得流行);易错点:① 误写为become(动词原形,不能作一般过去时的谓语);② 误写为becomes(一般现在时,表客观事实,此处是过去的情况,不适用);③ 误写为has become(现在完成时,表持续到现在,明清时期是过去,不适用);补充:不规则动词变化:become→became→become,需重点记忆。 11. 答案:to hang (知识点:非谓语动词-不定式;核心思维:it is a custom for sb to do sth是固定句型,意为“对某人来说,做某事是一种习俗”,it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式to hang;方法指导:看到“it is a custom/habit/duty for sb ______ ”,直接填不定式to do;拓展:常见类似句型:it is a habit for sb to do sth(对某人来说,做某事是一种习惯)、it is a duty for sb to do sth(对某人来说,做某事是一种责任);hang的含义:悬挂;易错点:① 误写为hang(动词原形,不能作真正主语);② 误写为hanging(现在分词,不符合固定句型);③ 误写为hung(过去式/过去分词,不能作非谓语动词);补充:it作形式主语的目的是避免句子结构失衡,真正的主语后置,使句子更通顺。 12. 答案:extremely (知识点:词性转换-形容词变副词;核心思维:空格修饰形容词popular(流行的),副词修饰形容词,故将形容词extreme(极端的、非常的)转换为副词extremely(非常、极其);方法指导:形容词前/后缺修饰成分,所给词为形容词时,优先将形容词转换为副词(一般加-ly后缀);拓展:extreme的词性转换:extreme(形容词,极端的)→ extremely(副词,非常);常见搭配:extremely popular(非常流行)、extremely important(极其重要);易错点:① 误写为extreme(形容词,不能修饰形容词);② 拼写错误,如extremely误写为extremly;③ 误写为extremeness(名词,不能修饰形容词);补充:以“e”结尾的形容词变副词,直接加-ly,如nice→nicely、large→largely,extreme也遵循此规则。 13. 答案:has been regarded (知识点:时态语态-现在完成时的被动语态;核心思维:时间状语since the Ming Dynasty(自明朝以来),表“从过去持续到现在的动作”,用现在完成时;主语to write couplets(写对联)与regard(认为、视为)之间是被动关系,即“写对联被视为学者有修养生活的标志”,用被动语态;结构为have/has been + 过去分词,主语是不定式短语,视为单数,故用has been regarded;方法指导:看到since引导的过去时间状语,优先用现在完成时;判断主语与动词的关系,若为被动关系,用被动语态;拓展:regard的过去分词是regarded;常见搭配:be regarded as(被视为……、被认为是……);易错点:① 误写为regarded(一般过去时,不表持续含义,since短语表持续到现在,不适用);② 误写为has regarded(主动语态,主语与regard是被动关系,不适用);③ 漏用been(现在完成时的被动语态需用have/has been + 过去分词,不能漏用been);④ 误写为have been regarded(主语是单数,用has,不用have);补充:类似句子:Since then, this tradition has been regarded as a symbol of friendship.(从那以后,这个传统就被视为友谊的象征。) 14. 答案:and (知识点:连词-并列连词;核心思维:句子中有两个并列分句“each line has the same length”和“the last character of the first line is of an oblique tone”,语义上是顺承关系,用and连接;方法指导:看到两个完整的分句,语义上无转折、因果、条件等关系,仅为顺承、并列,用and连接;拓展:and连接两个并列分句时,可表示“并且、而且”,使句子逻辑更连贯;易错点:① 误写为but(but表转折,此处无转折含义,不适用);② 误写为so(so表因果,此处无因果含义,不适用);③ 漏填and(缺少并列连词,两个分句无法构成完整句子,结构混乱);补充:类似句子:He is tall, and he is good at playing basketball.(他很高,而且他擅长打篮球。) 15. 答案:popularity (知识点:词性转换-形容词变名词;核心思维:空格前有及物动词enjoys(享有)和形容词growing(不断增长的),后面需接名词作宾语,故将形容词popular(受欢迎的)转换为名词popularity(受欢迎程度、流行);方法指导:及物动词(enjoy、gain、get等)后缺宾语,所给词为形容词时,优先将形容词转换为名词;形容词growing修饰名词,表“不断增长的……”;拓展:popular的词性转换:popular(形容词,受欢迎的)→ popularity(名词,受欢迎程度)→ popularly(副词,普遍地);常见搭配:enjoy growing popularity(享有越来越高的人气、越来越受欢迎);易错点:① 误写为popular(形容词,不能作宾语);② 拼写错误,如popularity误写为popularty;③ 误写为popularities(popularity是不可数名词,无复数形式);补充:类似词性转换:important→importance、different→difference、happy→happiness,均为形容词变名词,用于动词后作宾语。 16. 答案:means (知识点:时态-一般现在时;核心思维:句子描述的是“cheongsam”这个名字的含义,表客观事实,用一般现在时;主语which指代the name “cheongsam”,是单数,故谓语动词用means(mean的第三人称单数形式);方法指导:看到描述事物的含义、特征、功能等客观事实的句子,优先用一般现在时;主语是单数(如which指代单数名词),谓语动词用第三人称单数;拓展:mean的含义:意思是、意味着;第三人称单数形式:means(规则变化,直接加-s);常见搭配:mean simply(意思就是、仅仅是);易错点:① 误写为meant(一般过去时,表过去的含义,此处是客观事实,不适用);② 误写为mean(动词原形,主语是单数,谓语动词需用第三人称单数);③ 误写为meaning(现在分词,不能作谓语);补充:类似句子:The word “love” means care and kindness.(“爱”这个词的意思是关心和善良。) 第一组 举一反三题目(16题,长难句为主) 请根据第一组考点,完成下列举一反三题目,每空1词,巩固高频知识点(均改编自原文,贴合长难句、复合句考点)。 1. As ______ young lover of traditional culture, she has always been interested in Kunqu Opera and attended many performances. 2. On weekends, we spent our time visiting ancient gardens, taking photos of cultural relics, ______ (experience) local customs and enjoying traditional food. 3. Many visitors find themselves ______ (attract) by the unique charm of Xuan paper and its excellent ink-wetting ability. 4. Kunqu Opera performers have great respect for ______ (they) art form and always try their best to inherit and develop it. 5. Xuan paper has served ______ an ideal carrier for Chinese calligraphy and painting for thousands of years. 6. The beauty of Kunqu Opera ______ (be) a precious part of Chinese traditional culture that combines elegance and emotion. 7. We all look forward to what amazing ______ (achieve) Chinese traditional art will make in the future. 8. Xuan paper is known as the “Paper of Ages” and is highly valued for its ______ (durable) and excellent quality. 9. Some Kunqu Opera works tell historical stories, some express true feelings, ______ some convey the beauty of Chinese poetry. 10. Originating in Suzhou, Kunqu Opera ______ (become) widely popular during the Ming Dynasty and influenced many other operas. 11. It was a tradition for ancient scholars ______ (write) couplets to celebrate festivals and express their aspirations. 12. The craft of making Xuan paper is ______ (extreme) complex and requires 108 procedures over three years. 13. Since the Tang Dynasty, Xuan paper ______ (regard) as the best paper for calligraphy and painting by artists. 14. The cheongsam fits well the Chinese female figure, ______ its collar is high and closed, showing elegance and neatness. 15. Kunqu Opera enjoys growing ______ (popular) among young people as more people begin to understand traditional art. 16. The term “Xuan paper”, which ______ (refer) to a special kind of paper, first appeared in a Tang Dynasty book. 第一组 举一反三题目答案 1. a 2. experiencing 3. attracted 4. their 5. as 6. is 7. achievements 8. durability 9. and 10. became 11. to write 12. extremely 13. has been regarded 14. and 15. popularity 16. refers 第二组 语法填空(单句长难句·16题) 请根据句意及语法知识,在横线上填入适当的词(每空1词,可涉及词性转换、冠词、介词、连词、非谓语动词、时态语态、从句引导词等),完成下列单句长难句填空。 1. The cheongsam, ______ neck is high and collar closed, fits well the Chinese female figure and shows unique charm. 2. After the early Manchu rulers came to China, Manchu women wore normally a one-piece dress which came ______ (call) “qipao”. 3. Although the 1911 Revolution ended the rule of the Qing Dynasty, the female dress ______ (survive) the political change and developed into the traditional dress for Chinese women. 4. The cheongsam is not too complicated to make, ______ does it need too much material. 5. The cheongsam can be worn either on casual or formal occasions, creating ______ impression of simple and quiet charm. 6. Xuan paper is known as the “Paper of Ages” for its many unique ______ (quality), such as excellent ink-wetting ability. 7. The term Xuan paper first appeared in a book written by Tang Dynasty scholar Zhang Yanyuan, in ______ he described Xuan paper as an ideal carrier for calligraphy. 8. The traditional craft of making Xuan paper is extremely demanding, and sandalwood bark goes through 108 procedures ______ it can become fine Xuan paper. 9. The entire procedure of making Xuan paper is so complex that even skilled craftsmen can only master ______ (limit) steps. 10. The flow of ink, both guided and resisted by water, ______ (determine) the output of Chinese art. 11. Xuan paper outshines others with ______ (it) excellent ability to give full play to ink and show the beauty of Chinese painting. 12. Xuan paper ______ (accompany) the passionate brushstrokes of Chinese artists for thousands of years. 13. Unlike other forms of paper, Xuan paper is very resistant to damage brought by time, making ______ possible to preserve many ancient valuable works. 14. Kunqu Opera, ______ was born in Suzhou, distinguishes itself by its rhythmic patterns and graceful body movements. 15. Combining tunes in Suzhou dialect, martial arts and dance, Kunqu Opera uses a variety of movements to express specific ______ (emotion). 16. Tang Xianzu, who ______ (compare) to Shakespeare, wrote The Peony Pavilion, which is still loved by fans around the world. 第二组 答案及详细核心知识点(方法指导+思维引领) 1. 答案:whose (知识点:定语从句-关系代词;核心思维:先行词是the cheongsam(旗袍),空格后neck(领口)与the cheongsam之间是“所属关系”,即“旗袍的领口”,引导定语从句,表所属关系,用关系代词whose;方法指导:看到先行词与从句中的名词存在“所属关系”(谁的、某物的),用whose引导定语从句,whose可修饰人或物;拓展:whose引导定语从句,可还原为“the + 名词 + of which/whom”,此处可还原为“the neck of which”;常见搭配:the cheongsam whose neck is high(领口很高的旗袍);易错点:① 误写为which(which指代物,表“哪一个”,不表所属关系,不适用);② 误写为that(that不能引导非限制性定语从句,且不表所属关系);③ 误写为who(who指代人,不能指代物);补充:类似句子:This is the house whose windows face south.(这是一栋窗户朝南的房子。) 2. 答案:to be called (知识点:非谓语动词-不定式的被动语态;核心思维:which指代a one-piece dress(连身裙),与call(称为、叫做)之间是被动关系,即“连身裙被叫做旗袍”;come to be done是固定结构,意为“逐渐被……、变得被……”,故用to be called;方法指导:看到come + ______ + 动词,且逻辑主语与动词是被动关系,用to be done;拓展:come to be called(被称为)、come to be known(被熟知);call的过去分词是called;易错点:① 误写为called(过去分词,不能与come搭配,come后需接不定式);② 误写为calling(现在分词,表主动,连身裙是被称为,不适用);③ 漏写be(不定式的被动语态需用to be + 过去分词,不能漏写be);补充:类似句子:The place came to be known as a “Paradise on Earth”.(这个地方逐渐被称为“人间天堂”。) 3. 答案:survived (知识点:时态-一般过去时;核心思维:时间状语after the 1911 Revolution(辛亥革命后),表过去的时间,句子描述的是辛亥革命后旗袍的命运,用一般过去时,survive的过去式是survived;方法指导:看到明确的过去时间状语(如after+过去事件、yesterday、last year等),优先用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式;拓展:survive的含义:幸存、存活;过去式是survived(规则变化,直接加-ed);常见搭配:survive the change(在变革中幸存)、survive the disaster(在灾难中幸存);易错点:① 误写为survives(一般现在时,表客观事实,此处是过去的情况,不适用);② 误写为has survived(现在完成时,表持续到现在,此处仅表示过去发生的动作,不表持续);③ 拼写错误,如survived误写为surviveed;补充:一般过去时的核心含义:描述过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,与现在无关。 4. 答案:nor (知识点:倒装句-部分倒装;核心思维:前面句子是否定句“The cheongsam is not too complicated to make”(旗袍制作不复杂),后面句子用nor引导,表“也不”,且句子需部分倒装(助动词does提到主语it前);方法指导:看到前面是否定句,后面表“也不”,用nor + 助动词/情态动词/be动词 + 主语,构成部分倒装;拓展:nor的常见用法:nor用于否定句后,表“也不”,倒装结构与前面句子的助动词/情态动词/be动词一致;此处前面句子用is,后面用does,因后面句子的谓语动词是need(实义动词),需用助动词does;易错点:① 误写为and(and表并列,不能表“也不”,且不构成倒装);② 误写为or(or表选择,无“也不”含义,不适用);③ 不倒装(误写为nor it does need,需将does提到主语前);补充:类似句子:He doesn’t like coffee, nor does he like tea.(他不喜欢咖啡,也不喜欢茶。) 5. 答案:an (知识点:冠词-不定冠词;核心思维:impression(印象)是单数可数名词短语,表泛指“一种印象”,且impression是以元音音素/ɪmˈpreʃn/开头,故用an;方法指导:单数可数名词前无限定词,表泛指“一种、一个”,优先用a/an;判断用a还是an,看单词发音,不看字母;拓展:常见搭配:create an impression of(给人一种……的印象)、leave an impression on(给……留下印象);易错点:① 误写为a(impression以元音音素开头,不用a);② 误写为the(定冠词表特指,此处无特指含义,不适用);③ 漏填an(单数可数名词前需加限定词,否则句子不完整);补充:类似句子:Her smile created an impression of kindness.(她的微笑给人一种善良的印象。) 6. 答案:qualities (知识点:词性转换-名词单复数;核心思维:空格前有many(许多)修饰,many后接可数名词复数,quality(品质、特性)的复数形式是qualities;方法指导:看到many、some、several等词修饰名词,且名词是可数名词,需用复数形式;拓展:quality的含义:品质、特性,可数名词;复数形式:qualities(规则变化,变y为i加-es);常见搭配:many unique qualities(许多独特的品质)、good qualities(良好的品质);易错点:① 误写为quality(单数形式,many后需接复数);② 拼写错误,如qualities误写为qualitys;③ 误写为quality’s(名词所有格,此处无需所有格,需用复数);补充:类似名词复数变化:city→cities、family→families、baby→babies,均为以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i加-es。 7. 答案:which (知识点:定语从句-非限制性定语从句;核心思维:先行词是a book(一本书),指物,在从句中作介词in的宾语,引导非限制性定语从句(前面有逗号),故用关系代词which;方法指导:先行词指物,引导非限制性定语从句,且在从句中作介词宾语,用which,不能用that;介词可提前至which前(in which),也可置于从句末尾;拓展:此处可还原为“in the book he described Xuan paper...”,which指代the book;常见搭配:a book in which...(一本……的书);易错点:① 误写为that(that不能用于非限制性定语从句,也不能作介词宾语);② 误写为it(it不能引导定语从句,会导致句子结构混乱);③ 误写为who(who指人,不能指物);补充:类似句子:I bought a book, in which there are many beautiful pictures.(我买了一本书,里面有许多漂亮的图片。) 8. 答案:before (知识点:连词-时间状语从句引导词;核心思维:句子前后是“檀香树皮经过108道工序”和“它能变成优质宣纸”,语义上是“在……之前”,即“经过108道工序之后,才能变成宣纸”,用before引导时间状语从句;方法指导:看到两个动作,前面的动作是后面动作的前提,表“在……之前(才……)”,用before;拓展:before的常见用法:引导时间状语从句,表“在……之前”,可译为“……之后,才……”,强调动作的先后顺序;常见搭配:go through procedures before...(经过工序之后,才……);易错点:① 误写为after(after表“在……之后”,与语境相反,经过工序之后才能变成宣纸,不是之前);② 误写为so(so表因果,此处无因果含义,不适用);③ 误写为and(and表并列,不能体现动作的先后顺序);补充:类似句子:We need to work hard before we can achieve our goals.(我们需要努力工作,才能实现我们的目标。) 9. 答案:limited (知识点:词性转换-动词变形容词;核心思维:空格修饰名词steps(步骤),需用形容词,故将动词limit(限制)转换为形容词limited(有限的);方法指导:名词前缺定语,所给词为动词时,优先将动词转换为形容词;拓展:limit的词性转换:limit(动词/名词,限制)→ limited(形容词,有限的)→ limitless(形容词,无限的);常见搭配:limited steps(有限的步骤)、limited time(有限的时间);易错点:① 误写为limit(动词/名词,不能修饰名词);② 误写为limiting(现在分词,表主动,此处需形容词表“有限的”,不适用);③ 拼写错误,如limited误写为limitted;补充:类似转换:interest(动词/名词)→ interesting(形容词,有趣的)、surprise(动词/名词)→ surprising(形容词,令人惊讶的)。 10. 答案:determines (知识点:时态-一般现在时;核心思维:句子描述的是墨的流动与中国艺术作品之间的客观关系,表客观事实,用一般现在时;主语the flow of ink(墨的流动)是单数,故谓语动词用determines(determine的第三人称单数形式);方法指导:看到描述客观事实、普遍规律的句子,优先用一般现在时;主语是单数(如the flow of、the number of等修饰的名词),谓语动词用第三人称单数;拓展:determine的含义:决定、确定;第三人称单数形式:determines(规则变化,直接加-s);常见搭配:determine the output(决定产出)、determine the result(决定结果);易错点:① 误写为determined(一般过去时,表过去的动作,此处是客观事实,不适用);② 误写为determine(动词原形,主语是单数,谓语动词需用第三人称单数);③ 误写为is determining(现在进行时,表正在进行的动作,此处无需强调进行,用一般现在时即可);补充:类似句子:The weather determines our outdoor activities.(天气决定我们的户外活动。) 11. 答案:its (知识点:词性转换-人称代词变形容词性物主代词;核心思维:空格修饰名词ability(能力),需用形容词性物主代词,it(它)的形容词性物主代词是its(它的);方法指导:名词前缺定语,所给词为人称代词it时,转换为形容词性物主代词its,修饰后面的名词;拓展:its与it’s的区别:its(形容词性物主代词,它的),it’s = it is(它是);常见搭配:its excellent ability(它卓越的能力)、its unique feature(它独特的特征);易错点:① 误写为it(人称代词主格/宾格,不能修饰名词);② 误写为it’s(it’s是it is的缩写,不能修饰名词);③ 漏填its(缺少定语,无法体现“宣纸的能力”);补充:类似句子:The cat licked its paw gently.(小猫轻轻地舔着它的爪子。) 12. 答案:has accompanied (知识点:时态-现在完成时;核心思维:时间状语for thousands of years(数千年来),表“从过去持续到现在的动作”,用现在完成时;主语Xuan paper(宣纸)是单数,结构为has + 过去分词,accompany的过去分词是accompanied;方法指导:看到for + 一段时间(表持续)、since + 过去时间,优先用现在完成时;主语是单数,用has + 过去分词;拓展:accompany的含义:陪伴、伴随;过去分词是accompanied(规则变化,直接加-ed);常见搭配:accompany sb for a long time(陪伴某人很长时间);易错点:① 误写为accompanied(一般过去时,不表持续含义,for thousands of years表持续到现在,不适用);② 误写为have accompanied(主语是单数,用has,不用have);③ 过去分词拼写错误,如accompanied误写为accompaned;补充:现在完成时的核心:动作从过去开始,持续到现在,或对现在造成影响,此处“宣纸陪伴中国艺术家”从过去开始,持续至今。 13. 答案:it (知识点:形式宾语it;核心思维:句子中make ______ possible to preserve...,it作形式宾语,真正的宾语是后面的不定式to preserve many ancient valuable works,make it possible to do sth是固定句型,意为“使做某事成为可能”;方法指导:看到make + ______ + possible + to do sth,直接填it,it作形式宾语,避免句子结构失衡;拓展:常见类似句型:find it possible to do sth(发现做某事可能)、think it important to do sth(认为做某事重要);易错点:① 误写为this/that(this/that不能作形式宾语,形式宾语只能用it);② 漏填it(缺少形式宾语,句子结构混乱,无法体现“使……成为可能”);③ 误写为them(them指代复数,此处真正宾语是不定式短语,视为单数,用it);补充:类似句子:Technology makes it possible for us to communicate with people far away.(科技使我们与远方的人交流成为可能。) 14. 答案:which (知识点:定语从句-非限制性定语从句;核心思维:先行词是Kunqu Opera(昆曲),指物,在从句中作主语,引导非限制性定语从句(前面有逗号),故用关系代词which;方法指导:先行词指物,引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语,用which,不能用that;非限制性定语从句与主句之间用逗号隔开,可省略,不影响主句语义;拓展:which引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面的先行词Kunqu Opera,说明昆曲的起源地;常见搭配:Kunqu Opera which was born in Suzhou(诞生于苏州的昆曲);易错点:① 误写为that(that不能用于非限制性定语从句);② 误写为it(it不能引导定语从句,会导致句子结构混乱);③ 误写为who(who指人,不能指物);补充:类似句子:Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city.(北京,中国的首都,是一座美丽的城市。) 15. 答案:emotions (知识点:词性转换-名词单复数;核心思维:空格前有形容词specific(具体的)修饰,且表“多种具体的情感”,emotion(情感)是可数名词,故用复数emotions;方法指导:看到形容词修饰名词,且语境表“多种、多个”,可数名词需用复数形式;拓展:emotion的含义:情感、情绪,可数名词;复数形式:emotions(规则变化,直接加-s);常见搭配:specific emotions(具体的情感)、mixed emotions(复杂的情感);易错点:① 误写为emotion(单数形式,此处表“多种情感”,用复数);② 拼写错误,如emotions误写为emotiongs;③ 误写为emotional(形容词,不能作宾语);补充:类似名词复数:feeling→feelings(情感)、idea→ideas(想法)、dream→dreams(梦想)。 16. 答案:is compared (知识点:时态语态-一般现在时的被动语态;核心思维:主语Tang Xianzu(汤显祖)与compare(比较)之间是被动关系,即“汤显祖被比作莎士比亚”,表客观事实,用一般现在时的被动语态,结构为am/is/are + 过去分词,主语是单数,故用is compared;方法指导:判断主语与动词的关系,若为被动关系,用被动语态;表客观事实、人物评价,用一般现在时的被动语态;拓展:compare的过去分词是compared;常见搭配:be compared to(被比作……);易错点:① 误写为compares(主动语态,主语与compare是被动关系,不适用);② 误写为was compared(一般过去时的被动语态,此处表客观事实,用一般现在时);③ 过去分词拼写错误,如compared误写为compareed;④ 误写为is comparing(现在进行时,表主动,不适用);补充:类似句子:Li Bai is compared to a poet immortal in Chinese history.(李白被比作中国历史上的诗仙。) 第二组 举一反三题目(16题,长难句为主) 请根据第二组考点,完成下列举一反三题目,每空1词,巩固高频知识点(均改编自原文,贴合长难句、复合句考点)。 1. The ancient garden, ______ flowers are in full bloom in spring, attracts thousands of visitors every year. 2. After the new policy was carried out, the old tradition came ______ (accept) by more and more young people. 3. Although there were many difficulties, the traditional craft of making couplets ______ (survive) and was passed down from generation to generation. 4. This kind of traditional food is not too expensive to buy, ______ does it take too much time to cook. 5. His polite behavior created ______ good impression on everyone who met him at the party. 6. Kunqu Opera has many unique ______ (feature), such as graceful body movements and beautiful tunes. 7. I read a report written by a famous scholar, in ______ he introduced the history and development of Xuan paper. 8. We need to practice thousands of times ______ we can master the skill of writing calligraphy well. 9. The time we spend on traditional culture is ______ (limit), so we should cherish every chance to learn it. 10. The quality of Xuan paper ______ (decide) the effect of Chinese calligraphy and painting works. 11. The Shenzhou spaceship shows ______ (it) strong ability to carry astronauts and complete space tasks. 12. Chinese traditional culture ______ (accompany) the Chinese nation for thousands of years and becomes an important part of our life. 13. The development of technology makes ______ possible for us to learn traditional art in a more convenient way. 14. The Peony Pavilion, ______ was written by Tang Xianzu, is one of the most famous works of Kunqu Opera. 15. The astronauts expressed their sincere ______ (emotion) when they successfully completed the space mission. 16. Xuan paper, which ______ (praise) by artists all over the world, is a precious treasure of Chinese culture. 第二组 举一反三题目答案 1. whose 2. to be accepted 3. survived 4. nor 5. a 6. features 7. which 8. before 9. limited 10. decides 11. its 12. has accompanied 13. it 14. which 15. emotions 16. is praised 语法知识点系统总结(详细全面,方便背诵记忆) 本总结整合两组题目所有高频考点,结合本次改编原文的主题(苏州旅游、对联、旗袍、宣纸、昆曲、神舟十五号),按“考点分类+核心用法+方法指导+易错点+拓展延伸”的结构整理,构建系统知识网络,贴合学生背诵记忆需求,覆盖语法填空常考知识点,降低AI痕迹,注重实用性和针对性,所有知识点均结合本次练习例题,避免空洞理论,让学生能结合题目快速理解、熟练运用。 一、冠词(高频基础考点) 1. 不定冠词a/an(表泛指) 核心用法:修饰单数可数名词,表“泛指一个”或“一类事物”;a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前(重点:看发音,不看字母)。 方法指导:看到单数可数名词前无限定词(the、this、my等),表“一个、一种”,优先用a/an;判断用a还是an,朗读单词,看开头的发音是辅音还是元音;常见易错单词:an amateur(/ˈæmətə(r)/)、an impression(/ɪmˈpreʃn/)、a university(/ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəti/)、an hour(/ˈaʊə/)。 易错点:① 元音字母开头但辅音音素发音,误用an(如a useful book误写为an useful book);② 辅音字母开头但元音音素发音,误用a(如an amateur误写为a amateur);③ 单数可数名词前漏用a/an(如an impression误写为impression);④ 不可数名词前误用a/an(如popularity、quality等不可数名词,不能用a/an修饰)。 拓展延伸:常见固定搭配(含a/an):an amateur student(一名业余学生)、create an impression of(给人一种……的印象)、a key trading hub(一个重要的贸易枢纽)、an experimental device(一个实验性装置);注意:a/an后接单数可数名词,即使名词前有形容词修饰,也需根据形容词的发音判断a/an(如an extraordinary achievement、a good impression)。 2. 定冠词the(表特指) 核心用法:修饰名词(单数、复数、不可数),表“特指”,即双方都知道的事物、有后置定语修饰的事物、独一无二的事物、序数词/形容词最高级前、专有名词(江河湖海、机构等)前。 方法指导:看到以下情况,优先用the:① 名词后有后置定语(of短语、定语从句、过去分词短语等,如the data released by Trip.com Group、the part of the brain that controls intent of movement);② 特指前文提到过的事物(如the cheongsam,前文提到过的旗袍);③ 独一无二的事物(如the sun、the moon、the Great Wall);④ 序数词、形容词最高级前(如the first day、the most important thing);⑤ 专有名词前(如the Yangtze River、the Forbidden City);⑥ 复数名词表泛指一类事物时(如the cheongsam和the couplets,此处特指前文提到的旗袍和对联)。 易错点:① 泛指一类事物时,误用the(如“旗袍是中国传统服饰”,应为Cheongsams are traditional Chinese dresses,不用the);② 专有名词前漏用the(如the Yellow River误写为Yellow River);③ 形容词最高级前漏用the(如the most beautiful误写为most beautiful);④ 普通名词表泛指时,误用the(如an amateur student误写为the amateur student);⑤ 不可数名词表泛指时,误用the(如“纸是有用的材料”,应为Paper is a useful material,不用the)。 拓展延伸:常见固定搭配(含the):the Great Wall(长城)、the Forbidden City(故宫)、the Yangtze River(长江)、the part of...(……的部分)、the data released by...(由……发布的数据);注意:复数名词表泛指一类事物时,可加the(特指前文提到的类别),也可不加the(泛指整个类别),如“The cheongsam is a traditional dress.”(特指旗袍这类服饰)和“Cheongsams are traditional dresses.”(泛指所有旗袍)均可,结合语境判断即可。 3. 零冠词(不用冠词) 核心用法:不可数名词(如popularity、quality、paper、culture)表泛指时,不用冠词;复数名词表泛指一类事物时,不用冠词;专有名词(人名、地名、节日等,如Tang Xianzu、Suzhou、Spring Festival)前,不用冠词;三餐、球类、学科名词前,不用冠词。 方法指导:看到不可数名词表泛指、复数名词表泛指、普通专有名词(无后置定语),直接不用冠词;注意区分“泛指”与“特指”,若有后置定语修饰,需用the。 易错点:① 不可数名词表泛指时,误用a/an(如popularity误写为a popularity);② 专有名词前误用the(如Suzhou误写为the Suzhou、Tang Xianzu误写为the Tang Xianzu);③ 复数名词表泛指时,误用the(如couplets误写为the couplets,无后置定语时);④ 三餐、球类前误用a/an/the(如have breakfast误写为have a breakfast、play basketball误写为play the basketball)。 拓展延伸:常见零冠词搭配:Spring Festival(春节)、Kunqu Opera(昆曲)、Xuan paper(宣纸)、have dinner(吃晚饭)、play football(踢足球)、learn Chinese(学语文);例外情况:若专有名词有后置定语,需加the,如the Suzhou in the Ming Dynasty(明朝时期的苏州)、the Tang Xianzu who wrote The Peony Pavilion(写《牡丹亭》的汤显祖)。 二、介词(高频考点,含固定搭配) 1. 常用介词用法(结合本次练习) 核心用法:介词用于连接名词、代词或动名词,说明前后成分的关系,常见介词有as、for、in、on、by等,重点掌握固定搭配和语境用法。 (1)as:作介词,意为“作为、充当”,常见固定搭配:serve as(担任、作为),如“Suzhou served as a key trading hub.”(苏州作为重要的贸易枢纽);as a/an + 身份名词(如as an amateur student、as a teacher)。 (2)for:作介词,意为“为了、由于、供……用”,常见搭配:for appreciation(用于欣赏)、show appreciation for(对……表示欣赏)、for thousands of years(持续数千年)、for its unique qualities(由于其独特的品质);介词for后需接名词、代词或动名词,不能接动词原形。 (3)in:作介词,意为“在……里面、在……期间、用……(语言/材料)”,常见搭配:in the Ming and Qing Dynasties(在明清时期)、in Suzhou(在苏州)、in a book(在一本书里)、in Suzhou dialect(用苏州方言);注意区分in与on:表示“在纸张表面”时,用on(如written on red paper),不可误用in。 (4)on:作介词,意为“在……上面、在……场合”,常见搭配:on red paper(在红纸上)、on casual or formal occasions(在休闲或正式场合)、on weekends(在周末);重点易错点:书写在纸张、卡片等表面,用on,不用in,如“couplets written on red paper”(写在红纸上的对联)。 (5)by:作介词,意为“被……、由……”,用于被动语态,后接动作的发出者,如“regarded by artists”(被艺术家们视为)、“written by Tang Xianzu”(由汤显祖所写)。 方法指导:看到固定搭配(如serve as、for appreciation),直接对应填相应介词;看到“在……表面”用on,“在……里面/期间”用in;被动语态中,动作发出者前用by;介词后接动词时,需将动词变为动名词(如for appreciating,本次练习中for后直接接名词appreciation)。 易错点:① 混淆serve as与serve for(serve as表“作为”,serve for表“为……服务”,如“serve for the people”为人民服务,不可混用);② 书写在纸张表面误用in(如written in red paper误写,正确为on);③ 介词for后接动词原形(如for appreciate误写,正确为for appreciation或for appreciating);④ 被动语态中漏用by(如“regarded as”后接动作发出者时,需加by,如“regarded as the best paper by artists”)。 拓展延伸:常见介词固定搭配补充:be overwhelmed by(被……震撼)、be compared to(被比作……)、be regarded as(被视为……)、in the past(在过去)、on time(准时)、by accident(偶然);注意:不同介词搭配同一动词,含义不同,如look for(寻找)、look in(看望)、look on(旁观)。 三、连词(高频考点,含并列、从句引导词) 1. 并列连词(and、but、nor、or) 核心用法:连接并列的单词、短语或分句,体现分句间的逻辑关系。 (1)and:表并列、顺承关系,意为“并且、而且”,常见句式:some...some...and some...(一些……一些……还有一些……),如“some express...some describe...and some convey...”;连接两个顺承的分句,如“each line has the same length, and the last character of the first line is of an oblique tone”。 (2)but:表转折关系,意为“但是”,连接语义相反或相对的分句,如“Although the 1911 Revolution ended the rule of the Qing Dynasty, the female dress survived the political change”(此处although与but不能同时使用,注意避免重复)。 (3)nor:表否定并列,意为“也不”,用于否定句后,引导部分倒装,句式:nor + 助动词/情态动词/be动词 + 主语,如“The cheongsam is not too complicated to make, nor does it need too much material”。 (4)or:表选择关系,意为“或者、否则”,如“either...or...(要么……要么……)”,如“The cheongsam can be worn either on casual or formal occasions”。 方法指导:看到多个并列分句,语义无转折、否定,用and;语义转折,用but;前面是否定句,后面表“也不”,用nor且倒装;表选择,用or。 易错点:① some...some...some...句式中漏用and(如漏填and,导致三个分句无法构成并列关系);② although与but同时使用(although引导让步状语从句,后面分句不能再用but);③ nor引导的句子不倒装(如nor it does need误写,正确为nor does it need);④ either...or...搭配中误用and(如either on casual and formal occasions误写,正确为or)。 2. 从句引导词(定语从句:whose、which;时间状语从句:before) (1)定语从句引导词:whose、which(本次练习重点) ① whose:表“所属关系”,意为“……的”,可修饰人或物,先行词与从句中的名词存在“谁的、某物的”关系,如“The cheongsam, whose neck is high and collar closed”(旗袍的领口很高、衣领闭合);“The ancient garden, whose flowers are in full bloom”(花园的花盛开)。 ② which:引导非限制性定语从句,指代物,可在从句中作主语或宾语,前面用逗号与主句隔开,不能用that;作宾语时,可省略,如“The term Xuan paper first appeared in a book..., in which he described Xuan paper”(which指代a book,作in的宾语);“Kunqu Opera, which was born in Suzhou”(which指代Kunqu Opera,作从句主语)。 (2)时间状语从句引导词:before,意为“在……之前”,可译为“……之后,才……”,强调动作的先后顺序,如“sandalwood bark goes through 108 procedures before it can become fine Xuan paper”(檀香树皮经过108道工序,才能变成优质宣纸)。 方法指导:看到先行词与从句名词有所属关系,用whose;看到非限制性定语从句,指代物,用which;看到两个动作有先后顺序,前面动作是后面动作的前提,用before。 易错点:① 定语从句中,whose与which混淆(which不表所属关系,如误写为“The cheongsam, which neck is high”);② 非限制性定语从句中用that(如误写为“Kunqu Opera, that was born in Suzhou”);③ before与after混淆(如误写为“goes through 108 procedures after it can become fine Xuan paper”,与语境相反);④ which引导的非限制性定语从句,前面漏加逗号。 四、非谓语动词(高频难点考点) 1. 现在分词(doing) 核心用法:表主动、进行,可作宾语补足语、状语、定语;本次练习重点:作宾语补足语,用于“find sb doing sth”(发现某人正在做某事),逻辑主语与动词是主动关系;并列的非谓语动词,统一用现在分词形式(如floating、visiting、exploring、tasting)。 常见形式:动词后加-ing(如explore→exploring、experience→experiencing),注意拼写规则(如重读闭音节双写尾字母,run→running,但explore、experience不双写)。 易错点:① 逻辑主语与动词是被动关系时,误用现在分词(如“find myself overwhelming”误写,正确为overwhelmed);② 并列非谓语动词形式不统一(如floating、visiting、explore误写,正确为exploring);③ 误将现在分词作谓语(如“the couplets becoming ubiquitous”误写,缺少谓语动词,正确为became)。 2. 过去分词(done) 核心用法:表被动、完成,可作宾语补足语、定语、状语;本次练习重点:作宾语补足语,用于“find sb/sth done”(发现某人/某物被……),逻辑主语与动词是被动关系(如“find myself overwhelmed by...、find themselves attracted by...”);作定语,修饰名词,表被动(如“a book written by Tang Xianzu”)。 常见形式:规则变化(动词后加-ed,如overwhelm→overwhelmed、attract→attracted);不规则变化(如become→become、write→written)。 易错点:① 逻辑主语与动词是主动关系时,误用过去分词(如“find her reading a book”误写为“find her read”);② 过去分词拼写错误(如overwhelmed误写为overwhelmd、accompanied误写为accompaned);③ 误将过去分词作谓语(如“the dress survived”误写为“the dress survived”无错误,但若误写为“the dress surviveded”则错误)。 3. 不定式(to do) 核心用法:表目的、将来,可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语;本次练习重点:固定句型“it is a custom/habit/duty for sb to do sth”(对某人来说,做某事是一种习俗/习惯/责任),it作形式主语,真正主语是to do;“come to be done”(逐渐被……),如“came to be called、came to be accepted”。 常见形式:to + 动词原形(如to hang、to write、to be called),注意:情态动词、使役动词(make、let、have)后接动词原形,不用不定式(如“make it possible to do”中,it是形式宾语,to do是真正宾语,符合规则)。 易错点:① 固定句型中漏用to(如“it is a custom for people hang”误写,正确为to hang);② “come to be done”中漏用be(如“came to called”误写,正确为to be called);③ 使役动词后误用不定式(如“make him to do”误写,正确为make him do)。 五、时态与语态(高频核心考点) 1. 时态(一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时) (1)一般现在时:表客观事实、普遍真理、永恒特征,谓语动词用原形(主语是单数,用第三人称单数);常见标志:描述事物含义、特征、客观规律(如“the name ‘cheongsam’ means...”“the flow of ink determines...”)。 易错点:主语是单数时,谓语动词不用第三人称单数(如“which mean simply”误写,正确为means);客观事实误用一般过去时(如“Li Bai is compared to...”误写为“was compared to”)。 (2)一般过去时:表过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,与现在无关;常见标志:明确的过去时间状语(in the Ming and Qing Dynasties、after the 1911 Revolution、yesterday等),谓语动词用过去式。 易错点:过去式拼写错误(如survive→survived误写为surviveed、become→became误写为become);客观事实误用一般过去时(如“the Great Wall is a symbol”误写为was)。 (3)现在完成时:表从过去持续到现在的动作或对现在造成的影响;常见标志:since + 过去时间(since the Ming Dynasty、since the Tang Dynasty)、for + 一段时间(for thousands of years),结构:have/has + 过去分词(主语是单数,用has)。 易错点:漏用has/have(如“Xuan paper accompanied”误写为“has accompanied”,需根据时间状语判断);主语是单数时,用have(如“has accompanied”误写为“have accompanied”);过去分词拼写错误(如accompanied误写为accompaned)。 2. 语态(被动语态) 核心用法:主语是动作的承受者,结构:am/is/are + 过去分词(一般现在时)、was/were + 过去分词(一般过去时)、have/has been + 过去分词(现在完成时);本次练习重点:一般现在时被动语态(is compared、is praised)、现在完成时被动语态(has been regarded)。 方法指导:判断主语与动词的关系,若主语是动作的承受者(被……),用被动语态;结合时态,选择对应的被动结构;注意:被动语态中,动作的发出者可由by引出。 易错点:① 主动语态与被动语态混淆(如“to write couplets regarded as”误写,正确为has been regarded as);② 被动语态中漏用be动词(如“is compared”误写为“compared”);③ 过去分词拼写错误(如compared误写为compareed);④ 一般现在时被动语态中,主语是单数时用are(如“is compared”误写为“are compared”)。 六、词性转换(高频基础考点) 核心用法:根据句子成分(主语、宾语、定语、状语),将所给词转换为对应词性,常见转换类型:动词→名词、形容词→副词、人称代词→形容词性物主代词、名词→复数。 1. 动词→名词 方法指导:及物动词后缺宾语、介词后缺宾语,将动词转换为名词;常见转换:accomplish→accomplishment、appreciate→appreciation、achieve→achievement、durable→durability、refer→reference。 易错点:① 动词未转换为名词(如“for appreciate”误写,正确为appreciation);② 可数名词单复数错误(如“accomplishment”表“诸多成就”时,误写为单数,正确为accomplishments);③ 不可数名词误用复数(如“appreciation”误写为appreciations);④ 拼写错误(如appreciation误写为apprecition、accomplishments误写为accomplishements)。 2. 形容词→副词 方法指导:修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子,用副词;一般在形容词后加-ly(如extreme→extremely、quick→quickly);以“e”结尾的形容词,直接加-ly(如nice→nicely、extreme→extremely)。 易错点:① 形容词未转换为副词(如“extreme complex”误写,正确为extremely complex);② 拼写错误(如extremely误写为extremly);③ 副词修饰名词(如“extremely quality”误写,正确为extreme quality)。 3. 人称代词→形容词性物主代词 方法指导:修饰名词,用形容词性物主代词;转换规则:I→my、you→your、he→his、she→her、they→their、it→its。 易错点:① 误用人称代词(如“they art form”误写,正确为their art form);② 误用名词性物主代词(如“theirs art form”误写,正确为their art form);③ its与it’s混淆(如“it’s excellent ability”误写,正确为its excellent ability)。 4. 名词→复数 方法指导:many、some、several等词修饰名词,可数名词需用复数;规则变化:① 直接加-s(如emotion→emotions、feature→features);② 以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i加-es(如quality→qualities、city→cities);不规则变化(如child→children,本次练习未涉及)。 易错点:① 可数名词表“多个”时,误用单数(如“many unique quality”误写,正确为qualities);② 拼写错误(如qualities误写为qualitys、emotions误写为emotiongs);③ 不可数名词误用复数(如“popularity”误写为popularities)。 七、特殊句式(形式宾语it、部分倒装) 1. 形式宾语it 核心用法:当不定式、动名词或从句作宾语,且宾语后有补足语(如possible)时,用it作形式宾语,真正宾语后置;固定句型:make it possible to do sth(使做某事成为可能)、find it important to do sth(认为做某事重要),如“making it possible to preserve many ancient valuable works”。 易错点:① 误用this/that作形式宾语(如“making this possible”误写,正确为it);② 漏用it(如“making possible to preserve”误写,正确为making it possible);③ 真正宾语前置(如“making to preserve it possible”误写,正确为making it possible to preserve)。 2. 部分倒装(nor引导) 核心用法:nor用于否定句后,表“也不”,句子需部分倒装,即助动词/情态动词/be动词提到主语前;句式:否定句 + nor + 助动词/情态动词/be动词 + 主语,如“He doesn’t like coffee, nor does he like tea.”。 易错点:① 不倒装(如“nor it does need”误写,正确为nor does it need);② 助动词/情态动词/be动词使用错误(如前面句子用is,后面用do,误写为“nor do it need”,正确为nor does it need);③ 肯定句后用nor(如“He likes coffee, nor does he like tea”误写,nor只能用于否定句后)。 八、高频易错点汇总(重点背诵) 1. 冠词:看发音选a/an,纸张表面用on不用in;不可数名词表泛指不用a/an;非限制性定语从句不用that。 2. 非谓语动词:主动用doing,被动用done;固定句型it is a custom for sb to do sth;come to be done不可漏be。 3. 时态:客观事实用一般现在时,过去时间用一般过去时,since/for短语用现在完成时。 4. 语态:被动语态不可漏be动词,过去分词拼写要准确;主动与被动根据主语与动词关系判断。 5. 词性转换:动词作宾语要变名词,修饰形容词用副词,修饰名词用形容词性物主代词;可数名词复数变化要准确。 6. 特殊句式:形式宾语只用it,nor引导句子要倒装;although与but不能同时使用。 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 语法填空必刷:模拟题 + 名校联考题 易错考点全突破 第一组 语法填空 请根据句意及语法知识,在横线上填入适当的词(每空1词,可涉及词性转换、冠词、介词、连词、非谓语动词、时态语态、从句引导词等),完成下列单句长难句填空。 1. As ______ amateur student of history, I have always been fascinated with Suzhou and had particularly high expectations. 2. The following few days found me floating down the ancient canals, visiting historic gardens, ______ (explore) the city’s markets and tasting Suzhou cuisine. 3. I found myself ______ (overwhelm) by the infectious energy that surges through the beautiful city of Suzhou. 4. Suzhou people have enormous respect for ______ (they) city’s history, while also having an innovative eye on the future. 5. Suzhou served ______ a key trading hub for much of China’s history, drawing in scholars, engineers and merchants from all over the country. 6. The entirety of Suzhou ______ (be) a true treasure of China that manages the difficult balance of innovation and preservation. 7. I eagerly await what extraordinary ______ (accomplish) Suzhou will surely achieve in the near future. 8. The couplets, which refer to two poetic lines obeying certain rules, are often written on red paper for ______ (appreciate). 9. Generally, some couplets express people’s love for their motherland, some describe the beauty of nature, ______ some convey best wishes for the coming year. 10. Originating in the Five Dynasties, the couplets ______ (become) ubiquitous in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. 11. It was a custom for people ______ (hang) peach wood charms to drive away evil spirits during the Spring Festival. 12. It was said that the earliest couplets were written by Meng Xu, king of Houshu State, and it was ______ (extreme) popular in the Northern Song Dynasty. 13. Since the Ming Dynasty, to write couplets ______ (regard) as a mark of the cultured life of scholars. 14. The number of characters in each line of couplets can be different, but each line has the same length, ______ the last character of the first line is of an oblique tone. 15. The cheongsam is a female dress with distinctive Chinese features and enjoys growing ______ (popular) in the international high fashion world. 16. The name “cheongsam”, which ______ (mean) simply “long dress”, entered the English vocabulary from the dialect of Guangdong Province. 第一组 举一反三题目 请根据第一组考点,完成下列举一反三题目,每空1词,巩固高频知识点(均改编自原文,贴合长难句、复合句考点)。 1. As ______ young lover of traditional culture, she has always been interested in Kunqu Opera and attended many performances. 2. On weekends, we spent our time visiting ancient gardens, taking photos of cultural relics, ______ (experience) local customs and enjoying traditional food. 3. Many visitors find themselves ______ (attract) by the unique charm of Xuan paper and its excellent ink-wetting ability. 4. Kunqu Opera performers have great respect for ______ (they) art form and always try their best to inherit and develop it. 5. Xuan paper has served ______ an ideal carrier for Chinese calligraphy and painting for thousands of years. 6. The beauty of Kunqu Opera ______ (be) a precious part of Chinese traditional culture that combines elegance and emotion. 7. We all look forward to what amazing ______ (achieve) Chinese traditional art will make in the future. 8. Xuan paper is known as the “Paper of Ages” and is highly valued for its ______ (durable) and excellent quality. 9. Some Kunqu Opera works tell historical stories, some express true feelings, ______ some convey the beauty of Chinese poetry. 10. Originating in Suzhou, Kunqu Opera ______ (become) widely popular during the Ming Dynasty and influenced many other operas. 11. It was a tradition for ancient scholars ______ (write) couplets to celebrate festivals and express their aspirations. 12. The craft of making Xuan paper is ______ (extreme) complex and requires 108 procedures over three years. 13. Since the Tang Dynasty, Xuan paper ______ (regard) as the best paper for calligraphy and painting by artists. 14. The cheongsam fits well the Chinese female figure, ______ its collar is high and closed, showing elegance and neatness. 15. Kunqu Opera enjoys growing ______ (popular) among young people as more people begin to understand traditional art. 16. The term “Xuan paper”, which ______ (refer) to a special kind of paper, first appeared in a Tang Dynasty book. 第二组 语法填空 请根据句意及语法知识,在横线上填入适当的词(每空1词,可涉及词性转换、冠词、介词、连词、非谓语动词、时态语态、从句引导词等),完成下列单句长难句填空。 1. The cheongsam, ______ neck is high and collar closed, fits well the Chinese female figure and shows unique charm. 2. After the early Manchu rulers came to China, Manchu women wore normally a one-piece dress which came ______ (call) “qipao”. 3. Although the 1911 Revolution ended the rule of the Qing Dynasty, the female dress ______ (survive) the political change and developed into the traditional dress for Chinese women. 4. The cheongsam is not too complicated to make, ______ does it need too much material. 5. The cheongsam can be worn either on casual or formal occasions, creating ______ impression of simple and quiet charm. 6. Xuan paper is known as the “Paper of Ages” for its many unique ______ (quality), such as excellent ink-wetting ability. 7. The term Xuan paper first appeared in a book written by Tang Dynasty scholar Zhang Yanyuan, in ______ he described Xuan paper as an ideal carrier for calligraphy. 8. The traditional craft of making Xuan paper is extremely demanding, and sandalwood bark goes through 108 procedures ______ it can become fine Xuan paper. 9. The entire procedure of making Xuan paper is so complex that even skilled craftsmen can only master ______ (limit) steps. 10. The flow of ink, both guided and resisted by water, ______ (determine) the output of Chinese art. 11. Xuan paper outshines others with ______ (it) excellent ability to give full play to ink and show the beauty of Chinese painting. 12. Xuan paper ______ (accompany) the passionate brushstrokes of Chinese artists for thousands of years. 13. Unlike other forms of paper, Xuan paper is very resistant to damage brought by time, making ______ possible to preserve many ancient valuable works. 14. Kunqu Opera, ______ was born in Suzhou, distinguishes itself by its rhythmic patterns and graceful body movements. 15. Combining tunes in Suzhou dialect, martial arts and dance, Kunqu Opera uses a variety of movements to express specific ______ (emotion). 16. Tang Xianzu, who ______ (compare) to Shakespeare, wrote The Peony Pavilion, which is still loved by fans around the world. 第二组 举一反三题目 请根据第二组考点,完成下列举一反三题目,每空1词,巩固高频知识点(均改编自原文,贴合长难句、复合句考点)。 1. The ancient garden, ______ flowers are in full bloom in spring, attracts thousands of visitors every year. 2. After the new policy was carried out, the old tradition came ______ (accept) by more and more young people. 3. Although there were many difficulties, the traditional craft of making couplets ______ (survive) and was passed down from generation to generation. 4. This kind of traditional food is not too expensive to buy, ______ does it take too much time to cook. 5. His polite behavior created ______ good impression on everyone who met him at the party. 6. Kunqu Opera has many unique ______ (feature), such as graceful body movements and beautiful tunes. 7. I read a report written by a famous scholar, in ______ he introduced the history and development of Xuan paper. 8. We need to practice thousands of times ______ we can master the skill of writing calligraphy well. 9. The time we spend on traditional culture is ______ (limit), so we should cherish every chance to learn it. 10. The quality of Xuan paper ______ (decide) the effect of Chinese calligraphy and painting works. 11. The Shenzhou spaceship shows ______ (it) strong ability to carry astronauts and complete space tasks. 12. Chinese traditional culture ______ (accompany) the Chinese nation for thousands of years and becomes an important part of our life. 13. The development of technology makes ______ possible for us to learn traditional art in a more convenient way. 14. The Peony Pavilion, ______ was written by Tang Xianzu, is one of the most famous works of Kunqu Opera. 15. The astronauts expressed their sincere ______ (emotion) when they successfully completed the space mission. 16. Xuan paper, which ______ (praise) by artists all over the world, is a precious treasure of Chinese culture. 语法知识点系统总结(详细全面,方便背诵记忆) 本总结整合两组题目所有高频考点,结合本次改编原文的主题(苏州旅游、对联、旗袍、宣纸、昆曲、神舟十五号),按“考点分类+核心用法+方法指导+易错点+拓展延伸”的结构整理,构建系统知识网络,贴合学生背诵记忆需求,覆盖语法填空常考知识点,降低AI痕迹,注重实用性和针对性,所有知识点均结合本次练习例题,避免空洞理论,让学生能结合题目快速理解、熟练运用。 一、冠词(高频基础考点) 1. 不定冠词a/an(表泛指) 核心用法:修饰单数可数名词,表“泛指一个”或“一类事物”;a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前(重点:看发音,不看字母)。 方法指导:看到单数可数名词前无限定词(the、this、my等),表“一个、一种”,优先用a/an;判断用a还是an,朗读单词,看开头的发音是辅音还是元音;常见易错单词:an amateur(/ˈæmətə(r)/)、an impression(/ɪmˈpreʃn/)、a university(/ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəti/)、an hour(/ˈaʊə/)。 易错点:① 元音字母开头但辅音音素发音,误用an(如a useful book误写为an useful book);② 辅音字母开头但元音音素发音,误用a(如an amateur误写为a amateur);③ 单数可数名词前漏用a/an(如an impression误写为impression);④ 不可数名词前误用a/an(如popularity、quality等不可数名词,不能用a/an修饰)。 拓展延伸:常见固定搭配(含a/an):an amateur student(一名业余学生)、create an impression of(给人一种……的印象)、a key trading hub(一个重要的贸易枢纽)、an experimental device(一个实验性装置);注意:a/an后接单数可数名词,即使名词前有形容词修饰,也需根据形容词的发音判断a/an(如an extraordinary achievement、a good impression)。 2. 定冠词the(表特指) 核心用法:修饰名词(单数、复数、不可数),表“特指”,即双方都知道的事物、有后置定语修饰的事物、独一无二的事物、序数词/形容词最高级前、专有名词(江河湖海、机构等)前。 方法指导:看到以下情况,优先用the:① 名词后有后置定语(of短语、定语从句、过去分词短语等,如the data released by Trip.com Group、the part of the brain that controls intent of movement);② 特指前文提到过的事物(如the cheongsam,前文提到过的旗袍);③ 独一无二的事物(如the sun、the moon、the Great Wall);④ 序数词、形容词最高级前(如the first day、the most important thing);⑤ 专有名词前(如the Yangtze River、the Forbidden City);⑥ 复数名词表泛指一类事物时(如the cheongsam和the couplets,此处特指前文提到的旗袍和对联)。 易错点:① 泛指一类事物时,误用the(如“旗袍是中国传统服饰”,应为Cheongsams are traditional Chinese dresses,不用the);② 专有名词前漏用the(如the Yellow River误写为Yellow River);③ 形容词最高级前漏用the(如the most beautiful误写为most beautiful);④ 普通名词表泛指时,误用the(如an amateur student误写为the amateur student);⑤ 不可数名词表泛指时,误用the(如“纸是有用的材料”,应为Paper is a useful material,不用the)。 拓展延伸:常见固定搭配(含the):the Great Wall(长城)、the Forbidden City(故宫)、the Yangtze River(长江)、the part of...(……的部分)、the data released by...(由……发布的数据);注意:复数名词表泛指一类事物时,可加the(特指前文提到的类别),也可不加the(泛指整个类别),如“The cheongsam is a traditional dress.”(特指旗袍这类服饰)和“Cheongsams are traditional dresses.”(泛指所有旗袍)均可,结合语境判断即可。 3. 零冠词(不用冠词) 核心用法:不可数名词(如popularity、quality、paper、culture)表泛指时,不用冠词;复数名词表泛指一类事物时,不用冠词;专有名词(人名、地名、节日等,如Tang Xianzu、Suzhou、Spring Festival)前,不用冠词;三餐、球类、学科名词前,不用冠词。 方法指导:看到不可数名词表泛指、复数名词表泛指、普通专有名词(无后置定语),直接不用冠词;注意区分“泛指”与“特指”,若有后置定语修饰,需用the。 易错点:① 不可数名词表泛指时,误用a/an(如popularity误写为a popularity);② 专有名词前误用the(如Suzhou误写为the Suzhou、Tang Xianzu误写为the Tang Xianzu);③ 复数名词表泛指时,误用the(如couplets误写为the couplets,无后置定语时);④ 三餐、球类前误用a/an/the(如have breakfast误写为have a breakfast、play basketball误写为play the basketball)。 拓展延伸:常见零冠词搭配:Spring Festival(春节)、Kunqu Opera(昆曲)、Xuan paper(宣纸)、have dinner(吃晚饭)、play football(踢足球)、learn Chinese(学语文);例外情况:若专有名词有后置定语,需加the,如the Suzhou in the Ming Dynasty(明朝时期的苏州)、the Tang Xianzu who wrote The Peony Pavilion(写《牡丹亭》的汤显祖)。 二、介词(高频考点,含固定搭配) 1. 常用介词用法(结合本次练习) 核心用法:介词用于连接名词、代词或动名词,说明前后成分的关系,常见介词有as、for、in、on、by等,重点掌握固定搭配和语境用法。 (1)as:作介词,意为“作为、充当”,常见固定搭配:serve as(担任、作为),如“Suzhou served as a key trading hub.”(苏州作为重要的贸易枢纽);as a/an + 身份名词(如as an amateur student、as a teacher)。 (2)for:作介词,意为“为了、由于、供……用”,常见搭配:for appreciation(用于欣赏)、show appreciation for(对……表示欣赏)、for thousands of years(持续数千年)、for its unique qualities(由于其独特的品质);介词for后需接名词、代词或动名词,不能接动词原形。 (3)in:作介词,意为“在……里面、在……期间、用……(语言/材料)”,常见搭配:in the Ming and Qing Dynasties(在明清时期)、in Suzhou(在苏州)、in a book(在一本书里)、in Suzhou dialect(用苏州方言);注意区分in与on:表示“在纸张表面”时,用on(如written on red paper),不可误用in。 (4)on:作介词,意为“在……上面、在……场合”,常见搭配:on red paper(在红纸上)、on casual or formal occasions(在休闲或正式场合)、on weekends(在周末);重点易错点:书写在纸张、卡片等表面,用on,不用in,如“couplets written on red paper”(写在红纸上的对联)。 (5)by:作介词,意为“被……、由……”,用于被动语态,后接动作的发出者,如“regarded by artists”(被艺术家们视为)、“written by Tang Xianzu”(由汤显祖所写)。 方法指导:看到固定搭配(如serve as、for appreciation),直接对应填相应介词;看到“在……表面”用on,“在……里面/期间”用in;被动语态中,动作发出者前用by;介词后接动词时,需将动词变为动名词(如for appreciating,本次练习中for后直接接名词appreciation)。 易错点:① 混淆serve as与serve for(serve as表“作为”,serve for表“为……服务”,如“serve for the people”为人民服务,不可混用);② 书写在纸张表面误用in(如written in red paper误写,正确为on);③ 介词for后接动词原形(如for appreciate误写,正确为for appreciation或for appreciating);④ 被动语态中漏用by(如“regarded as”后接动作发出者时,需加by,如“regarded as the best paper by artists”)。 拓展延伸:常见介词固定搭配补充:be overwhelmed by(被……震撼)、be compared to(被比作……)、be regarded as(被视为……)、in the past(在过去)、on time(准时)、by accident(偶然);注意:不同介词搭配同一动词,含义不同,如look for(寻找)、look in(看望)、look on(旁观)。 三、连词(高频考点,含并列、从句引导词) 1. 并列连词(and、but、nor、or) 核心用法:连接并列的单词、短语或分句,体现分句间的逻辑关系。 (1)and:表并列、顺承关系,意为“并且、而且”,常见句式:some...some...and some...(一些……一些……还有一些……),如“some express...some describe...and some convey...”;连接两个顺承的分句,如“each line has the same length, and the last character of the first line is of an oblique tone”。 (2)but:表转折关系,意为“但是”,连接语义相反或相对的分句,如“Although the 1911 Revolution ended the rule of the Qing Dynasty, the female dress survived the political change”(此处although与but不能同时使用,注意避免重复)。 (3)nor:表否定并列,意为“也不”,用于否定句后,引导部分倒装,句式:nor + 助动词/情态动词/be动词 + 主语,如“The cheongsam is not too complicated to make, nor does it need too much material”。 (4)or:表选择关系,意为“或者、否则”,如“either...or...(要么……要么……)”,如“The cheongsam can be worn either on casual or formal occasions”。 方法指导:看到多个并列分句,语义无转折、否定,用and;语义转折,用but;前面是否定句,后面表“也不”,用nor且倒装;表选择,用or。 易错点:① some...some...some...句式中漏用and(如漏填and,导致三个分句无法构成并列关系);② although与but同时使用(although引导让步状语从句,后面分句不能再用but);③ nor引导的句子不倒装(如nor it does need误写,正确为nor does it need);④ either...or...搭配中误用and(如either on casual and formal occasions误写,正确为or)。 2. 从句引导词(定语从句:whose、which;时间状语从句:before) (1)定语从句引导词:whose、which(本次练习重点) ① whose:表“所属关系”,意为“……的”,可修饰人或物,先行词与从句中的名词存在“谁的、某物的”关系,如“The cheongsam, whose neck is high and collar closed”(旗袍的领口很高、衣领闭合);“The ancient garden, whose flowers are in full bloom”(花园的花盛开)。 ② which:引导非限制性定语从句,指代物,可在从句中作主语或宾语,前面用逗号与主句隔开,不能用that;作宾语时,可省略,如“The term Xuan paper first appeared in a book..., in which he described Xuan paper”(which指代a book,作in的宾语);“Kunqu Opera, which was born in Suzhou”(which指代Kunqu Opera,作从句主语)。 (2)时间状语从句引导词:before,意为“在……之前”,可译为“……之后,才……”,强调动作的先后顺序,如“sandalwood bark goes through 108 procedures before it can become fine Xuan paper”(檀香树皮经过108道工序,才能变成优质宣纸)。 方法指导:看到先行词与从句名词有所属关系,用whose;看到非限制性定语从句,指代物,用which;看到两个动作有先后顺序,前面动作是后面动作的前提,用before。 易错点:① 定语从句中,whose与which混淆(which不表所属关系,如误写为“The cheongsam, which neck is high”);② 非限制性定语从句中用that(如误写为“Kunqu Opera, that was born in Suzhou”);③ before与after混淆(如误写为“goes through 108 procedures after it can become fine Xuan paper”,与语境相反);④ which引导的非限制性定语从句,前面漏加逗号。 四、非谓语动词(高频难点考点) 1. 现在分词(doing) 核心用法:表主动、进行,可作宾语补足语、状语、定语;本次练习重点:作宾语补足语,用于“find sb doing sth”(发现某人正在做某事),逻辑主语与动词是主动关系;并列的非谓语动词,统一用现在分词形式(如floating、visiting、exploring、tasting)。 常见形式:动词后加-ing(如explore→exploring、experience→experiencing),注意拼写规则(如重读闭音节双写尾字母,run→running,但explore、experience不双写)。 易错点:① 逻辑主语与动词是被动关系时,误用现在分词(如“find myself overwhelming”误写,正确为overwhelmed);② 并列非谓语动词形式不统一(如floating、visiting、explore误写,正确为exploring);③ 误将现在分词作谓语(如“the couplets becoming ubiquitous”误写,缺少谓语动词,正确为became)。 2. 过去分词(done) 核心用法:表被动、完成,可作宾语补足语、定语、状语;本次练习重点:作宾语补足语,用于“find sb/sth done”(发现某人/某物被……),逻辑主语与动词是被动关系(如“find myself overwhelmed by...、find themselves attracted by...”);作定语,修饰名词,表被动(如“a book written by Tang Xianzu”)。 常见形式:规则变化(动词后加-ed,如overwhelm→overwhelmed、attract→attracted);不规则变化(如become→become、write→written)。 易错点:① 逻辑主语与动词是主动关系时,误用过去分词(如“find her reading a book”误写为“find her read”);② 过去分词拼写错误(如overwhelmed误写为overwhelmd、accompanied误写为accompaned);③ 误将过去分词作谓语(如“the dress survived”误写为“the dress survived”无错误,但若误写为“the dress surviveded”则错误)。 3. 不定式(to do) 核心用法:表目的、将来,可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语;本次练习重点:固定句型“it is a custom/habit/duty for sb to do sth”(对某人来说,做某事是一种习俗/习惯/责任),it作形式主语,真正主语是to do;“come to be done”(逐渐被……),如“came to be called、came to be accepted”。 常见形式:to + 动词原形(如to hang、to write、to be called),注意:情态动词、使役动词(make、let、have)后接动词原形,不用不定式(如“make it possible to do”中,it是形式宾语,to do是真正宾语,符合规则)。 易错点:① 固定句型中漏用to(如“it is a custom for people hang”误写,正确为to hang);② “come to be done”中漏用be(如“came to called”误写,正确为to be called);③ 使役动词后误用不定式(如“make him to do”误写,正确为make him do)。 五、时态与语态(高频核心考点) 1. 时态(一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时) (1)一般现在时:表客观事实、普遍真理、永恒特征,谓语动词用原形(主语是单数,用第三人称单数);常见标志:描述事物含义、特征、客观规律(如“the name ‘cheongsam’ means...”“the flow of ink determines...”)。 易错点:主语是单数时,谓语动词不用第三人称单数(如“which mean simply”误写,正确为means);客观事实误用一般过去时(如“Li Bai is compared to...”误写为“was compared to”)。 (2)一般过去时:表过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,与现在无关;常见标志:明确的过去时间状语(in the Ming and Qing Dynasties、after the 1911 Revolution、yesterday等),谓语动词用过去式。 易错点:过去式拼写错误(如survive→survived误写为surviveed、become→became误写为become);客观事实误用一般过去时(如“the Great Wall is a symbol”误写为was)。 (3)现在完成时:表从过去持续到现在的动作或对现在造成的影响;常见标志:since + 过去时间(since the Ming Dynasty、since the Tang Dynasty)、for + 一段时间(for thousands of years),结构:have/has + 过去分词(主语是单数,用has)。 易错点:漏用has/have(如“Xuan paper accompanied”误写为“has accompanied”,需根据时间状语判断);主语是单数时,用have(如“has accompanied”误写为“have accompanied”);过去分词拼写错误(如accompanied误写为accompaned)。 2. 语态(被动语态) 核心用法:主语是动作的承受者,结构:am/is/are + 过去分词(一般现在时)、was/were + 过去分词(一般过去时)、have/has been + 过去分词(现在完成时);本次练习重点:一般现在时被动语态(is compared、is praised)、现在完成时被动语态(has been regarded)。 方法指导:判断主语与动词的关系,若主语是动作的承受者(被……),用被动语态;结合时态,选择对应的被动结构;注意:被动语态中,动作的发出者可由by引出。 易错点:① 主动语态与被动语态混淆(如“to write couplets regarded as”误写,正确为has been regarded as);② 被动语态中漏用be动词(如“is compared”误写为“compared”);③ 过去分词拼写错误(如compared误写为compareed);④ 一般现在时被动语态中,主语是单数时用are(如“is compared”误写为“are compared”)。 六、词性转换(高频基础考点) 核心用法:根据句子成分(主语、宾语、定语、状语),将所给词转换为对应词性,常见转换类型:动词→名词、形容词→副词、人称代词→形容词性物主代词、名词→复数。 1. 动词→名词 方法指导:及物动词后缺宾语、介词后缺宾语,将动词转换为名词;常见转换:accomplish→accomplishment、appreciate→appreciation、achieve→achievement、durable→durability、refer→reference。 易错点:① 动词未转换为名词(如“for appreciate”误写,正确为appreciation);② 可数名词单复数错误(如“accomplishment”表“诸多成就”时,误写为单数,正确为accomplishments);③ 不可数名词误用复数(如“appreciation”误写为appreciations);④ 拼写错误(如appreciation误写为apprecition、accomplishments误写为accomplishements)。 2. 形容词→副词 方法指导:修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子,用副词;一般在形容词后加-ly(如extreme→extremely、quick→quickly);以“e”结尾的形容词,直接加-ly(如nice→nicely、extreme→extremely)。 易错点:① 形容词未转换为副词(如“extreme complex”误写,正确为extremely complex);② 拼写错误(如extremely误写为extremly);③ 副词修饰名词(如“extremely quality”误写,正确为extreme quality)。 3. 人称代词→形容词性物主代词 方法指导:修饰名词,用形容词性物主代词;转换规则:I→my、you→your、he→his、she→her、they→their、it→its。 易错点:① 误用人称代词(如“they art form”误写,正确为their art form);② 误用名词性物主代词(如“theirs art form”误写,正确为their art form);③ its与it’s混淆(如“it’s excellent ability”误写,正确为its excellent ability)。 4. 名词→复数 方法指导:many、some、several等词修饰名词,可数名词需用复数;规则变化:① 直接加-s(如emotion→emotions、feature→features);② 以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i加-es(如quality→qualities、city→cities);不规则变化(如child→children,本次练习未涉及)。 易错点:① 可数名词表“多个”时,误用单数(如“many unique quality”误写,正确为qualities);② 拼写错误(如qualities误写为qualitys、emotions误写为emotiongs);③ 不可数名词误用复数(如“popularity”误写为popularities)。 七、特殊句式(形式宾语it、部分倒装) 1. 形式宾语it 核心用法:当不定式、动名词或从句作宾语,且宾语后有补足语(如possible)时,用it作形式宾语,真正宾语后置;固定句型:make it possible to do sth(使做某事成为可能)、find it important to do sth(认为做某事重要),如“making it possible to preserve many ancient valuable works”。 易错点:① 误用this/that作形式宾语(如“making this possible”误写,正确为it);② 漏用it(如“making possible to preserve”误写,正确为making it possible);③ 真正宾语前置(如“making to preserve it possible”误写,正确为making it possible to preserve)。 2. 部分倒装(nor引导) 核心用法:nor用于否定句后,表“也不”,句子需部分倒装,即助动词/情态动词/be动词提到主语前;句式:否定句 + nor + 助动词/情态动词/be动词 + 主语,如“He doesn’t like coffee, nor does he like tea.”。 易错点:① 不倒装(如“nor it does need”误写,正确为nor does it need);② 助动词/情态动词/be动词使用错误(如前面句子用is,后面用do,误写为“nor do it need”,正确为nor does it need);③ 肯定句后用nor(如“He likes coffee, nor does he like tea”误写,nor只能用于否定句后)。 八、高频易错点汇总(重点背诵) 1. 冠词:看发音选a/an,纸张表面用on不用in;不可数名词表泛指不用a/an;非限制性定语从句不用that。 2. 非谓语动词:主动用doing,被动用done;固定句型it is a custom for sb to do sth;come to be done不可漏be。 3. 时态:客观事实用一般现在时,过去时间用一般过去时,since/for短语用现在完成时。 4. 语态:被动语态不可漏be动词,过去分词拼写要准确;主动与被动根据主语与动词关系判断。 5. 词性转换:动词作宾语要变名词,修饰形容词用副词,修饰名词用形容词性物主代词;可数名词复数变化要准确。 6. 特殊句式:形式宾语只用it,nor引导句子要倒装;although与but不能同时使用。 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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