语法填空必刷:模拟题 + 名校联考题 易错考点全突破(30)-2026届高三英语三轮复习专项

2026-05-17
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学段 高中
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 高三
章节 -
类型 题集-专项训练
知识点 -
使用场景 高考复习-三轮冲刺
学年 2026-2027
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 113 KB
发布时间 2026-05-17
更新时间 2026-05-17
作者 黑夜5543
品牌系列 -
审核时间 2026-05-17
下载链接 https://m.zxxk.com/soft/57896422.html
价格 2.00储值(1储值=1元)
来源 学科网

摘要:

**基本信息** 以“真题+改编题+系统总结”构建语法填空突破体系,融合考点方法提炼与文化语境,提升语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础训练|2组32题(单句长难句)|考点分类+方法指导+易错点(如非谓语动词主动被动判断、时态标志词识别)|从基础(冠词、名词单复数)到难点(定语从句、名词性从句)递进,概念-用法-拓展链条完整| |变式巩固|2组33题(举一反三改编)|原题改编迁移训练(同考点不同语境,如文化活动、社会现象主题)|同考点多角度变式,强化迁移应用,衔接语言能力与文化意识| |系统总结|11类考点+解题技巧|10大解题步骤(如先找主干判成分、固定搭配直接应用)|语法知识-解题方法-文化语境三维融合,构建“理解-分析-应用”思维路径|

内容正文:

语法填空必刷:模拟题 + 名校联考题 易错考点全突破 第一组 语法填空(单句长难句·16题) 请根据句意及语法知识,在横线上填入适当的词(每空1词,可涉及词性转换、冠词、介词、连词、非谓语动词、时态语态、从句引导词等),完成下列单句长难句填空。 1. ______ (organize) by China International Culture Association and Central Academy of Fine Arts, the Mascot Design Global Competition of “Happy Chinese New Year” kicked off in Beijing on August 19th. 2. “Happy Chinese New Year” ______ (involve) a number of activities held in overseas ______ (country) about the Lunar New Year, so that people can experience the festive atmosphere. 3. The competition collects mascot designs that show the concept of “Happy Chinese New Year” activities and ______ stresses reunion, a festive atmosphere and sharing. 4. With the rabbit as the main image, since next year marks the Year of the Rabbit, designs are supposed to be rich in Lunar New Year ______ (culture) elements. 5. The call for entries began on August 19th and will end on Dec 26th, and the final selected one will be ______ (official) released at the end of this year. 6. The “Happy Chinese New Year” ______ (become) one of the most popular brand events overseas since its launch more than 20 years ago. 7. When the host of the Harbin Ice and Snow World read out the words on the wallpaper of a lost phone to find its owner, ______ (applaud) broke out among the audience. 8. The sentence was from ______ diary of a soldier Chen Xiangrong, who lost his life in a border conflict with Indian troops in June 2020. 9. Since then, Xie ______ (regard) Chen as an example and hoped one day she could also contribute to the country. 10. So she took the patriotic expression ______ (write) by Chen as a motto, and placed it together with the national flag as the background of her cellphone. 11. ______ she didn't expect was the sudden popularity of the wallpaper on the internet, with many netizens ______ (ask) her to share it. 12. We post-2000s generations are not a lost generation, ______ a generation that can contribute to the future of our country. 13. We will ______ (definite) live up to the expectations of the times, and make an effort to create a better future for our country. 14. China has developed a lot of unique and traditional sports and activities, many of ______ reflect the cultures of the minority groups. 15. As the various minorities are separated by vast distances, it is not surprising that they have their own special ways to express their ______ (enthusiastic). 16. Almost all the traditional sports originated from productive activities at the very beginning, and ______ the Mongolians, Tibetans and Kazaks live in vast natural grasslands, horsemanship is vital to their existence. 第一组 答案及详细核心知识点(方法指导+思维引领) 1. 答案:Organized (知识点:非谓语动词-过去分词;核心思维:句子主干是“the Mascot Design Global Competition... kicked off”,空格处是非谓语动词作状语,逻辑主语是competition(比赛),与organize(组织)之间是被动关系,即“比赛被组织”,故用过去分词Organized;方法指导:句子主干完整,空格处作状语,若逻辑主语与动词是被动关系,用过去分词;拓展:过去分词作状语,可置于句首或句末,表被动、完成,此处表“被组织后,比赛启动”;易错点:① 误写为Organizing(现在分词,表主动,比赛是被组织,不适用);② 首字母小写(句首单词首字母需大写);③ 误写为To organize(不定式,表目的,此处不表目的,表伴随状态);补充:类似结构:Seen from the top of the mountain, the city looks beautiful.(从山顶看,这座城市很美。) 2. 答案:involves;countries (知识点:时态-一般现在时、名词单复数;核心思维:第一空,句子主语是“Happy Chinese New Year”(活动名称,单数),表客观事实,用一般现在时,谓语动词用involves;第二空,overseas(海外的)后接可数名词复数,country(国家)的复数是countries,表“多个海外国家”;方法指导:① 表客观事实、经常性动作,用一般现在时,主语单数,谓语动词加-s/-es;② 看到overseas、many、some等词,可数名词用复数;拓展:involve的常见用法:involve sth/sb(涉及某物/某人)、involve doing sth(涉及做某事);country的复数变化:country→countries(以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i加-es);易错点:① 第一空误写为involve(动词原形,主语单数,需加-s);② 第二空误写为country(单数,overseas后需用复数);③ 拼写错误,如countries误写为countrys;补充:类似名词复数:city→cities、family→families。 3. 答案:that (知识点:定语从句-关系代词;核心思维:先行词是mascot designs(吉祥物设计),指物,在从句中作主语,从句是“that show the concept... and that stresses...”,并列定语从句,第二个that可省略,但为了句子结构清晰,保留that;方法指导:先行词指物,在从句中作主语,引导限制性定语从句,用that或which,此处与前面的that并列,优先用that;拓展:并列定语从句中,若先行词相同,第二个引导词可省略,但当从句较长、结构复杂时,保留引导词更清晰;易错点:① 误写为which(虽然可用于指物作主语,但与前面的that并列,用that更连贯);② 漏用引导词(从句缺主语,不能省略引导词);③ 误写为who(who指人,不能指物);补充:类似句子:I have two books that are interesting and that are written by my favorite author.(我有两本有趣且由我最喜欢的作者写的书。) 4. 答案:cultural (知识点:词性转换-名词变形容词;核心思维:空格修饰名词elements(元素),需用形容词,故将名词culture(文化)转换为形容词cultural(文化的);方法指导:名词前缺定语,优先将名词转换为形容词,结合词根词缀(culture→cultural);拓展:culture的词性转换:culture(名词,文化)→ cultural(形容词,文化的)→ culturally(副词,文化上);常见搭配:cultural elements(文化元素)、cultural heritage(文化遗产);易错点:① 误写为culture(名词,不能修饰名词);② 拼写错误,如cultural误写为culturual;补充:类似词性转换:nation→national、education→educational。 5. 答案:officially (知识点:词性转换-形容词变副词;核心思维:空格修饰动词released(发布),副词修饰动词,故将形容词official(官方的)转换为副词officially(官方地);方法指导:动词后缺修饰成分,优先将形容词转换为副词(加-ly后缀);拓展:official的词性转换:official(形容词,官方的)→ officially(副词,官方地)→ official(名词,官员);常见搭配:officially released(官方发布)、officially announced(官方宣布);易错点:① 误写为official(形容词,不能修饰动词);② 拼写错误,如officially误写为officialy;补充:以“l”结尾的形容词变副词,直接加-ly(如careful→carefully、beautiful→beautifully)。 6. 答案:has become (知识点:时态-现在完成时;核心思维:时间状语since its launch more than 20 years ago(自20多年前启动以来),表“从过去持续到现在的动作或状态”,用现在完成时,主语是单数,结构为has+过去分词,become的过去分词是become;方法指导:看到since(自从)、so far(到目前为止)、for+一段时间等时间状语,用现在完成时;拓展:become的动词变化:原形become→过去式became→过去分词become;常见搭配:has become one of the most popular...(已成为最受欢迎的……之一);易错点:① 误写为became(一般过去时,不表持续含义);② 误写为has became(过去分词拼写错误,应为become);③ 误写为have become(主语是单数,用has,不用have);补充:现在完成时的核心含义:动作从过去开始,持续到现在,或对现在造成影响。 7. 答案:applause (知识点:词性转换-动词变名词;核心思维:空格处作主语,需用名词,故将动词applaud(鼓掌)转换为名词applause(掌声),applause是不可数名词,无复数;方法指导:句子缺主语,所给词为动词,优先将动词转换为名词;拓展:applaud的词性转换:applaud(动词,鼓掌、赞赏)→ applause(名词,掌声);常见搭配:break out applause(响起掌声)、a round of applause(一阵掌声);易错点:① 误写为applaud(动词,不能作主语);② 误写为applauds(动词第三人称单数,不能作主语);③ 误写为applauses(applause是不可数名词,无复数);补充:类似不可数名词:advice(建议)、information(信息)、progress(进步)。 8. 答案:the (知识点:冠词-定冠词用法;核心思维:diary(日记)后有后置定语“of a soldier Chen Xiangrong”(一名士兵陈祥榕的),表特指“陈祥榕的那本日记”,故用定冠词the;方法指导:名词后有后置定语(of短语、定语从句等),表特指,用定冠词the;拓展:定冠词the的常见用法:特指双方都知道的事物、有后置定语修饰的事物、独一无二的事物等;常见搭配:the diary of sb(某人的日记)、the book of history(历史书);易错点:① 误写为a(不定冠词,表泛指,此处是特指,不适用);② 漏用the(有后置定语,需用the表特指);补充:类似句子:I found the key of the door that I lost yesterday.(我找到了我昨天丢失的那把门钥匙。) 9. 答案:has regarded (知识点:时态-现在完成时;核心思维:时间状语since then(从那以后),表“从过去某一时间开始,持续到现在的动作”,用现在完成时,主语是Xie(单数),结构为has+过去分词,regard的过去分词是regarded;方法指导:看到since then、since+过去时间点,用现在完成时,强调动作的持续性;拓展:regard的常见用法:regard sb as...(把某人视为……)、regard sth as...(把某物视为……);易错点:① 误写为regarded(一般过去时,不表持续含义);② 误写为have regarded(主语是单数,用has,不用have);③ 过去分词拼写错误,如regarded误写为regard;补充:since then常与现在完成时连用,意为“从那以后,一直……”。 10. 答案:written (知识点:非谓语动词-过去分词;核心思维:expression(表达)与write(写)之间是被动关系,即“被陈祥榕写的爱国表达”,过去分词written作后置定语,修饰expression;方法指导:名词后缺后置定语,若名词与动词是被动关系,用过去分词;拓展:过去分词作后置定语,相当于定语从句,此处可还原为“the patriotic expression which was written by Chen”;易错点:① 误写为writing(现在分词,表主动,表达是被写,不适用);② 误写为to write(不定式,表目的,此处不表目的,表被动);③ 误写为wrote(动词过去式,不能作定语);补充:类似结构:the letter written by my father(我父亲写的信)、the book published last year(去年出版的书)。 11. 答案:What;asking (知识点:名词性从句-主语从句、非谓语动词-现在分词;核心思维:第一空,______ she didn't expect(她没有预料到的事情)作句子主语,构成主语从句,从句缺宾语,表“……的事情”,用what引导;第二空,with复合结构中,netizens(网友)与ask(要求)之间是主动关系,用现在分词asking作宾补;方法指导:① 主语从句缺主语/宾语,用what;缺状语,用how/when/where;语义完整,用that;② with复合结构:with+宾语+现在分词(主动)/过去分词(被动)/不定式(将来);拓展:what引导主语从句的常见结构:What sb did/expected is...(某人做的事/预料的事是……);with+宾语+现在分词,表“宾语正在做某事”;易错点:① 第一空误写为That(that引导主语从句,语义完整,不缺成分,此处缺宾语,不适用);② 第一空误写为Which(which表“哪一个”,此处无选择含义,不适用);③ 第二空误写为asked(过去分词,表被动,网友是主动要求,不适用);补充:类似句子:What I want is a cup of tea.(我想要的是一杯茶。);With the children playing outside, I can't focus on my work.(孩子们在外面玩,我无法集中精力工作。) 12. 答案:but (知识点:连词-转折连词;核心思维:句子前后语义转折,“我们00后不是迷失的一代,而是能为国家未来做贡献的一代”,not...but...(不是……而是……)是固定搭配,表转折;方法指导:看到not...but...结构,直接填but,表转折关系;拓展:but的常见用法:表转折,连接两个语义相反的句子或短语;常见搭配:not A but B(不是A而是B);易错点:① 误写为and(并列连词,表顺承,此处是转折,不适用);② 误写为or(选择连词,表“或者”,不适用);③ 漏填but(not...but...结构不能省略but);补充:类似结构:He is not a teacher but a doctor.(他不是老师,而是医生。) 13. 答案:definitely (知识点:词性转换-形容词变副词;核心思维:空格修饰动词live up to(不辜负),副词修饰动词,故将形容词definite(确定的)转换为副词definitely(肯定地、一定地);方法指导:动词后缺修饰成分,优先将形容词转换为副词,注意特殊变化(definite→definitely);拓展:definite的词性转换:definite(形容词,确定的)→ definitely(副词,肯定地)→ definition(名词,定义);常见搭配:definitely live up to(一定不辜负)、definitely agree(完全同意);易错点:① 误写为definite(形容词,不能修饰动词);② 拼写错误,如definitely误写为definately;补充:以“e”结尾的形容词变副词,一般直接加-ly,但definite需先变y为i再加-ly(definite→definitely)。 14. 答案:which (知识点:定语从句-关系代词;核心思维:先行词是sports and activities(运动和活动),指物,在从句中作of的宾语,引导非限制性定语从句(前面有逗号),故用关系代词which;方法指导:先行词指物,在从句中作介词宾语,引导非限制性定语从句,用which,不能用that;拓展:非限制性定语从句中,“many of which”相当于“many of the sports and activities”,避免重复;易错点:① 误写为that(that不能用于非限制性定语从句,也不能作介词宾语);② 误写为them(them不能引导定语从句,会导致句子结构混乱);③ 误写为who(who指人,不能指物);补充:类似句子:She has many books, many of which are about history.(她有很多书,其中很多是关于历史的。) 15. 答案:enthusiasm (知识点:词性转换-形容词变名词;核心思维:空格前有形容词性物主代词their(他们的)修饰,需用名词,故将形容词enthusiastic(热情的)转换为名词enthusiasm(热情),enthusiasm是不可数名词;方法指导:形容词性物主代词(my、your、their等)后接名词;拓展:enthusiastic的词性转换:enthusiastic(形容词,热情的)→ enthusiasm(名词,热情)→ enthusiastically(副词,热情地);常见搭配:express one's enthusiasm(表达某人的热情)、full of enthusiasm(充满热情);易错点:① 误写为enthusiastic(形容词,不能作宾语);② 拼写错误,如enthusiasm误写为enthusiasim;③ 误写为enthusiasms(enthusiasm是不可数名词,无复数);补充:类似不可数名词:kindness(善良)、patience(耐心)、courage(勇气)。 16. 答案:since (知识点:连词-原因状语从句;核心思维:空格后“蒙古族、藏族和哈萨克族生活在广阔的天然草原上”是空格前“马术对他们的生存至关重要”的原因,since此处作连词,意为“因为、既然”,引导原因状语从句;方法指导:看到前后句子存在因果关系,表“因为”,且从句是已知的原因,用since;拓展:since引导原因状语从句,语气比because弱,常置于句首,表“既然、因为”;易错点:① 误写为because(because表直接原因,语气强,此处是已知原因,用since更合适);② 误写为as(as引导原因状语从句,语气更弱,常置于句中,此处句首用since更自然);③ 误写为so(so表结果,此处表原因,不适用);补充:类似句子:Since he is ill, he can't go to school today.(因为他生病了,所以今天不能去上学。) 第一组 举一反三题目 请根据第一组考点,完成下列举一反三题目,每空1词,巩固高频知识点(均改编自原文,贴合长难句、复合句考点)。 1. ______ (hold) by the local government and cultural departments, the traditional “Mute Festival” of Qixuan village kicked off on the eighth day of the Chinese Lunar New Year. 2. The “Mute Festival” ______ (include) a series of activities held in the village, so that villagers can show respect for their ancestors and seek ______ (bless) for a prosperous year. 3. The villagers prepare a lot of food and decorations that reflect the local customs and ______ carries the memories of their ancestors. 4. With the Yi ethnic group's culture as the core, the “Mute Festival” is supposed to be rich in ethnic ______ (tradition) elements. 5. The parade of the “Mute Festival” began in the morning and will end in the afternoon, and the striking mute dance will be ______ (formal) performed in the square. 6. The “Mute Festival” ______ (exist) for centuries, rooted in local customs and a touching legend of a mute woman. 7. When the mute dance began in the square, cheers and ______ (applaud) broke out among the villagers and visitors. 8. The legend was from ______ story of a mute woman who saved the village from drought and starvation through her sacrifice. 9. Since the legend spread, the villagers ______ (regard) the mute woman as a hero and respected her deeply. 10. So the villagers took the story ______ (tell) by the elders as a precious memory and passed it down from generation to generation. 11. ______ the villagers didn't expect was that the “Mute Festival” would attract so many visitors from all over the country, with many of them ______ (take) photos of the performance. 12. The “Mute Festival” is not just a traditional event, ______ a carrier of the Yi ethnic group's culture and history. 13. The villagers will ______ (definite) pass down the “Mute Festival” and make it known to more people around the world. 14. China has a lot of unique traditional festivals and customs, many of ______ reflect the wisdom and culture of the Chinese nation. 15. As the various ethnic groups live in different regions, it is not surprising that they have their own special ways to show their ______ (enthusiastic) for life. 16. Almost all the traditional festivals originated from ancient people's wishes for a better life, and ______ the Li ethnic group lives in the southern region, the Bamboo Pole Dance is an important part of their festivals. 第一组 举一反三题目答案 1. Held 2. includes;blessings 3. that 4. traditional 5. formally 6. has existed 7. applause 8. the 9. have regarded 10. told 11. What;taking 12. but 13. definitely 14. which 15. enthusiasm 16. since 第二组 语法填空 请根据句意及语法知识,在横线上填入适当的词(每空1词,可涉及词性转换、冠词、介词、连词、非谓语动词、时态语态、从句引导词等),完成下列单句长难句填空。 1. Think of travel in Greece, and your mind may wander to images of ferries ______ (cruise) across the Aegean Sea. 2. Taking to the water is essential if you plan to travel between the Greek islands, but there ______ (be) plenty of other ways to enjoy Greece’s amazing landscapes. 3. Cycling in Greece is growing in ______ (popular), best done in spring and fall rather than high summer. 4. Strong leg muscles are ______ must to tackle the mountains, or you can stick to some of the ______ (flat) coast roads than the mountain roads. 5. Some are bicycle-friendly, but others have such steep roads ______ cycling is not recommended. 6. Bicycle lanes are rare to nonexistent, and there is a real danger from speeding cars — ______ (drive) by locals and tourists alike. 7. Bicycles may be carried for free on some ferries, while on others, there may be a fee, or they may not be allowed at all because of a lack of ______ (space) on board. 8. You can rent bicycles in most tourist hangouts, but they are not as ______ (wide) available as cars and motorcycles. 9. Prices range ______ €10 to €20 per day, ______ (depend) on the type of bicycle. 10. Always make sure the rental cost includes the use of ______ helmet to ensure your safety. 11. Examples of the “tangping”, or “lying flat”, way of life include not getting married, not having children, and ______ (refuse) to work extra hours or to hold a job at all. 12. “I stay at home and sleep and watch television series.” said Zhang, who described herself as “lying flat” for the last two weeks after ______ (leave) her job in the film industry in Wuxi. 13. “Tangping” ______ (emerge) over the last few months, and some compare them to the 1950s Beat Generation in the United States. 14. ______ (other) call their behavior a form of nonviolent resistance, saying that people realize there is no upward mobility. 15. The term developed after ______ April post on the Tieba forum, whose author, unemployed for the last two years, described a low-effort, low-cost lifestyle. 16. He posted a picture of himself lying in bed in the middle of the day with the curtains ______ (draw), and wrote “Lying flat is my movement.” 17. Many people want to lie down because 996 is too ______ (tire), referring to the constant hours common in the tech industry, where the staff are expected to work from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m., six days a week. 第二组 答案及详细核心知识点(方法指导+思维引领) 1. 答案:cruising (知识点:非谓语动词-现在分词;核心思维:ferries(渡轮)与cruise(巡航)之间是主动关系,即“渡轮在爱琴海巡航”,现在分词cruising作后置定语,修饰ferries;方法指导:名词后缺后置定语,若名词与动词是主动关系,用现在分词,表主动、进行;拓展:现在分词作后置定语,相当于定语从句,此处可还原为“ferries which are cruising across the Aegean Sea”;易错点:① 误写为cruise(动词原形,不能作定语);② 误写为cruised(过去分词,表被动,渡轮是主动巡航,不适用);③ 误写为to cruise(不定式,表目的,此处不表目的,表主动);补充:类似结构:the birds flying in the sky(天空中飞翔的鸟)、the people walking on the street(街上行走的人)。 2. 答案:are (知识点:时态-一般现在时、主谓一致;核心思维:句子主语是plenty of other ways(许多其他方式),是复数,表客观事实,用一般现在时,be动词用are;方法指导:plenty of(许多)后接可数名词复数时,谓语动词用复数;表客观事实,用一般现在时;拓展:plenty of的用法:可接可数名词复数或不可数名词,接复数时,谓语动词用复数;接不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数;常见搭配:plenty of ways(许多方式)、plenty of time(许多时间);易错点:① 误写为is(主语是复数,用are,不用is);② 误写为were(一般过去时,表过去,此处表客观事实,用一般现在时);③ 误写为have(there be句型,不能用have);补充:there be句型的主谓一致:be动词的单复数由后面的主语决定。 3. 答案:popularity (知识点:词性转换-形容词变名词;核心思维:空格前有介词in修饰,需用名词,故将形容词popular(受欢迎的)转换为名词popularity(受欢迎程度、流行);方法指导:介词后接名词、代词或动名词,所给词为形容词,需转换为名词;拓展:popular的词性转换:popular(形容词,受欢迎的)→ popularity(名词,受欢迎程度)→ popularly(副词,普遍地);常见搭配:grow in popularity(越来越受欢迎)、gain popularity(获得欢迎);易错点:① 误写为popular(形容词,不能作介词宾语);② 拼写错误,如popularity误写为popularity(正确)、popularty(错误);补充:类似词性转换:important→importance、different→difference、happy→happiness。 4. 答案:a;flatter (知识点:冠词-不定冠词、形容词比较级;核心思维:第一空,must此处作名词,意为“必要的事物”,表泛指“一项必要的事物”,用不定冠词a;第二空,than(比)是比较级的标志,flat(平坦的)的比较级是flatter,表“比山路更平坦的沿海道路”;方法指导:① must作名词表“必要事物”时,是可数名词,表泛指用a;② 看到than,形容词用比较级;拓展:must作名词的常见用法:a must(一项必要的事物)、the must(必不可少的事物);flat的比较级变化:flat→flatter(单音节词,直接加-er);易错点:① 第一空误写为the(定冠词,表特指,此处是泛指,不适用);② 第一空漏填a(must作可数名词表泛指,需加a);③ 第二空误写为flat(原级,than后需用比较级);④ 第二空误写为flattest(最高级,此处是两者比较,用比较级);补充:类似单音节形容词比较级:tall→taller、short→shorter、fast→faster。 5. 答案:that (知识点:连词-结果状语从句;核心思维:such...that...(如此……以至于……)是固定搭配,此处“道路如此陡峭,以至于不建议骑自行车”,that引导结果状语从句;方法指导:看到such+形容词/副词+名词+______,填that,引导结果状语从句;拓展:such...that...与so...that...的区别:such后接“形容词+名词”,so后接形容词/副词;如such steep roads that... = so steep the roads that...;易错点:① 误写为which(which引导定语从句,此处是结果状语从句,不适用);② 误写为as(as引导定语从句,such...as...表“像……这样的”,不表结果);③ 漏填that(such...that...结构不能省略that);补充:类似句子:He is such a kind man that everyone likes him.(他是一个如此善良的人,以至于每个人都喜欢他。) 6. 答案:driven (知识点:非谓语动词-过去分词;核心思维:cars(汽车)与drive(驾驶)之间是被动关系,即“被当地人和游客驾驶的汽车”,过去分词driven作后置定语,修饰cars;方法指导:名词后缺后置定语,若名词与动词是被动关系,用过去分词;拓展:此处可还原为“speeding cars which are driven by locals and tourists alike”;易错点:① 误写为driving(现在分词,表主动,汽车是被驾驶,不适用);② 误写为to drive(不定式,表目的,此处不表目的);③ 误写为drove(动词过去式,不能作定语);补充:过去分词作后置定语,常表被动、完成,此处表“被驾驶的汽车”。 7. 答案:space (知识点:名词单复数;核心思维:space(空间)是不可数名词,表“船上缺少空间”,无复数形式;方法指导:看到a lack of(缺少……),后接不可数名词或可数名词复数,space作“空间”讲时,是不可数名词;拓展:space的常见含义:空间(不可数)、太空(不可数)、房间、空位(可数);常见搭配:a lack of space(缺少空间)、in space(在太空);易错点:① 误写为spaces(space作“空间”讲时,不可数,无复数);② 误写为room(room也可表“空间”,但此处原文用space,且space更侧重“可供使用的空间”);补充:类似不可数名词:time(时间)、money(钱)、water(水)。 8. 答案:widely (知识点:词性转换-形容词变副词;核心思维:空格修饰形容词available(可获得的),副词修饰形容词,故将形容词wide(宽的、广泛的)转换为副词widely(广泛地);方法指导:形容词前缺修饰成分,优先将形容词转换为副词;拓展:wide的词性转换:wide(形容词,宽的、广泛的)→ widely(副词,广泛地)→ width(名词,宽度);常见搭配:widely available(广泛可获得的)、widely known(广为人知的);易错点:① 误写为wide(形容词,不能修饰形容词);② 拼写错误,如widely误写为wideley;补充:wide与widely的区别:wide作副词时,表“宽地、充分地”(如open wide(睁大));widely作副词时,表“广泛地”(如widely available)。 9. 答案:from;depending (知识点:介词-固定搭配、非谓语动词-现在分词;核心思维:第一空,range from...to...(从……到……变化)是固定搭配,表“价格从10欧元到20欧元不等”;第二空,prices(价格)与depend(取决于)之间是主动关系,现在分词depending作伴随状语,表“价格取决于自行车的类型”;方法指导:① 看到range,优先联想到固定搭配range from...to...;② 句子主干完整,后面的动词表伴随状态,主语与动词是主动关系,用现在分词;拓展:depend的常见用法:depend on(取决于、依靠)、depend upon(等同于depend on);易错点:① 第一空误写为of(range from...to...是固定搭配,不用of);② 第一空漏填from(固定搭配不能省略from);③ 第二空误写为depended(过去分词,表被动,价格是主动取决于,不适用);④ 第二空误写为to depend(不定式,表目的,此处不表目的);补充:类似固定搭配:vary from...to...(从……到……变化);现在分词作伴随状语,可置于句末,用逗号与主句隔开。 10. 答案:a (知识点:冠词-不定冠词用法;核心思维:helmet(头盔)是单数可数名词,表泛指“一个头盔”,且helmet是以辅音音素开头,故用a;方法指导:单数可数名词前无限定词,表泛指,优先用a/an,结合发音判断用a还是an;拓展:helmet的发音是/ˈhelmɪt/,辅音音素开头,用a;常见搭配:a helmet(一个头盔)、wear a helmet(戴头盔);易错点:① 误写为an(helmet以辅音音素开头,不用an);② 误写为the(定冠词,表特指,此处无特指含义,不适用);③ 漏填a(单数可数名词前需加限定词);补充:类似单词:hat(帽子)、book(书)、pen(钢笔),均以辅音音素开头,用a修饰。 11. 答案:refusing (知识点:非谓语动词-动名词;核心思维:and连接三个并列的成分,前面是not getting、not having,均为动名词形式,故空格处也用动名词refusing,表“拒绝加班或根本不工作”;方法指导:看到and连接并列成分,需保持形式一致,前面是动名词,后面也用动名词;拓展:动名词作宾语,常见于include、enjoy、avoid、mind等动词后;常见搭配:include doing sth(包括做某事);易错点:① 误写为refuse(动词原形,与前面的动名词形式不一致);② 误写为to refuse(不定式,与前面的动名词形式不一致);③ 误写为refused(动词过去式,不能作宾语);补充:类似并列结构:He likes reading, writing and drawing.(他喜欢阅读、写作和画画。) 12. 答案:leaving (知识点:非谓语动词-动名词;核心思维:after(在……之后)是介词,介词后接名词、代词或动名词,故将动词leave(离开)转换为动名词leaving;方法指导:看到介词(after、before、in、on等),后面的动词需转换为动名词;拓展:leave的常见用法:leave one's job(辞职)、leave a place(离开一个地方);动名词作介词宾语,是常见用法;易错点:① 误写为leave(动词原形,不能作介词宾语);② 误写为left(动词过去式/过去分词,不能作介词宾语);③ 误写为to leave(不定式,不能作介词宾语);补充:类似用法:after finishing homework(完成作业后)、before going to bed(睡觉前)。 13. 答案:has emerged (知识点:时态-现在完成时;核心思维:时间状语over the last few months(在过去的几个月里),表“从过去持续到现在的动作”,用现在完成时,主语是“Tangping”(单数),结构为has+过去分词,emerge的过去分词是emerged;方法指导:看到over the last few years/months、in the past few years等时间状语,用现在完成时;拓展:emerge的常见用法:emerge(出现、兴起)、emerge from(从……中出现);易错点:① 误写为emerged(一般过去时,不表持续含义);② 误写为has emerge(过去分词拼写错误,应为emerged);③ 误写为have emerged(主语是单数,用has,不用have);补充:over the last few months常与现在完成时连用,强调动作从过去开始,持续到现在,且可能还在继续。 14. 答案:Others (知识点:代词-不定代词;核心思维:前面提到“some compare them to...(一些人将他们比作……)”,此处“另一些人将他们的行为称为……”,others(另一些人)是不定代词,表“泛指另一些人”,句首首字母大写;方法指导:看到some...others...(一些人……另一些人……),是固定搭配,表泛指;拓展:others与the others的区别:others表“泛指另一些人/物”,无范围限制;the others表“特指其余的人/物”,有范围限制;易错点:① 误写为Other(other是形容词,不能作主语,需用代词others);② 误写为the others(此处无范围限制,不用the);③ 首字母小写(句首单词首字母需大写);补充:类似搭配:some...some...others...(一些人……一些人……另一些人……)。 15. 答案:an (知识点:冠词-不定冠词用法;核心思维:April post(一篇四月的帖子)是单数可数名词短语,表泛指“一篇帖子”,April是以元音音素开头,故用an;方法指导:单数可数名词前无限定词,表泛指,且单词以元音音素开头,用an;拓展:April的发音是/ˈeɪprəl/,元音音素开头,用an;常见搭配:an April post(一篇四月的帖子)、an important post(一篇重要的帖子);易错点:① 误写为a(April以元音音素开头,不用a);② 误写为the(定冠词,表特指,此处无特指含义,不适用);③ 漏填an(单数可数名词前需加限定词);补充:类似单词:apple(苹果)、egg(鸡蛋)、hour(小时),均以元音音素开头,用an修饰。 16. 答案:drawn (知识点:非谓语动词-过去分词;核心思维:curtains(窗帘)与draw(拉、拉上)之间是被动关系,即“窗帘被拉上”,过去分词drawn作宾补,用于with复合结构中;方法指导:with复合结构中,宾语(curtains)与宾补(draw)是被动关系,用过去分词;拓展:draw的动词变化:原形draw→过去式drew→过去分词drawn;with复合结构:with+宾语+过去分词,表“宾语被……”;易错点:① 误写为drawing(现在分词,表主动,窗帘是被拉上,不适用);② 误写为to draw(不定式,表将来,此处不表将来);③ 误写为drew(动词过去式,不能作宾补);补充:类似句子:With the door closed, he felt safe.(门关上了,他感到安全。) 17. 答案:tiring (知识点:词性转换-动词变形容词;核心思维:空格前有副词too(太)修饰,且主语是996(一种工作制度),需用形容词tiring(令人疲惫的),表“996太令人疲惫了”;方法指导:修饰事物或事件,用-ing结尾的形容词;修饰人,用-ed结尾的形容词;拓展:tire的词性转换:tire(动词,使疲惫)→ tiring(形容词,令人疲惫的)→ tired(形容词,疲惫的);常见搭配:too tiring(太令人疲惫)、feel tired(感到疲惫);易错点:① 误写为tired(tired修饰人,此处修饰996,用tiring);② 误写为tire(动词,不能作表语);③ 拼写错误,如tiring误写为tireing;补充:类似形容词:exciting(令人兴奋的)/excited(兴奋的)、interesting(令人感兴趣的)/interested(感兴趣的)。 第二组 举一反三题目 请根据第二组考点,完成下列举一反三题目,每空1词,巩固高频知识点(均改编自原文,贴合长难句、复合句考点)。 1. Think of travel in China, and your mind may wander to images of tourists ______ (visit) the Great Wall and the Forbidden City. 2. Traveling by train is convenient if you plan to travel between Chinese cities, but there ______ (be) plenty of other ways to enjoy China’s beautiful scenery. 3. Hiking in the mountains is growing in ______ (popular), best done in spring and autumn rather than winter. 4. A pair of comfortable shoes is ______ must to hike in the mountains, or you can stick to some of the ______ (easy) paths than the steep ones. 5. Some hiking paths are smooth, but others have such rough roads ______ hiking is not recommended for the elderly. 6. Hiking signs are rare in some remote mountains, and there is a real danger from wild animals — ______ (live) in the mountains and forests. 7. Backpacks may be carried for free on some buses, while on others, there may be a fee, or they may not be allowed at all because of a lack of ______ (space) on board. 8. You can rent hiking equipment in most scenic spots, but they are not as ______ (wide) available as ordinary outdoor gear. 9. Rental prices range ______ 50 yuan to 100 yuan per day, ______ (depend) on the quality of the equipment. 10. Always make sure the rental equipment includes ______ pair of gloves to protect your hands from injury. 11. Examples of the healthy lifestyle include eating more vegetables, exercising regularly, and ______ (avoid) staying up late or eating junk food. 12. “I get up early and exercise every morning.” said Li, who described herself as a “healthy lover” for the last three months after ______ (quit) her sedentary job in the office. 13. The healthy lifestyle ______ (emerge) over the last few years, and some compare it to the healthy trend in Western countries. 14. ______ (other) call this lifestyle a form of self-care, saying that people realize the importance of health. 15. The term “healthy lifestyle” developed after ______ July post on a social media platform, whose author, a doctor, described a scientific and healthy daily routine. 16. She posted a picture of herself exercising in the morning with the windows ______ (open), and wrote “Health is the most precious wealth.” 17. Many people want to keep a healthy lifestyle because staying up late is too ______ (tire), referring to the bad habit that many young people have of sleeping late. 第二组 举一反三题目答案 1. visiting 2. are 3. popularity 4. a;easier 5. that 6. living 7. space 8. widely 9. from;depending 10. a 11. avoiding 12. quitting 13. has emerged 14. Others 15. an 16. open 17. tiring 语法知识点系统总结(详细全面,方便背诵记忆) 本总结整合两组题目所有高频考点,结合本次改编原文的主题(中国文化、传统节日、社会现象、中外旅游等),按“考点分类+核心用法+方法指导+易错点+拓展延伸”的结构整理,构建系统知识网络,贴合学生背诵记忆需求,覆盖语法填空常考知识点,降低AI痕迹,注重实用性和针对性,所有知识点均结合本次练习例题,避免空洞理论,让学生能结合题目快速理解、熟练运用。 一、冠词(高频基础考点) 1. 定冠词the(表特指) 核心用法:修饰名词(单数、复数、不可数),表“特指”,即双方都知道的事物、有后置定语修饰的事物、独一无二的事物/机构、序数词/形容词最高级前、专有名词(机构、建筑、江河湖海)前。 方法指导:看到以下情况,优先用the:① 名词后有后置定语(of短语、定语从句、过去分词短语等,如the diary of a soldier Chen Xiangrong、the story of a mute woman);② 特指前文提到过的事物(如the “Mute Festival”,前文提到过的节日);③ 某些固定搭配中(如the Great Wall、the Forbidden City)。 易错点:① 泛指时误用the(如a helmet误写为the helmet,无后置定语表泛指,不适用);② 不可数名词前误用the(如space误写为the space,表“空间”时泛指,不用the);③ 固定搭配中漏用/误用the(如the Great Wall不能漏写the);④ 普通名词前无后置定语,误加the(如a post误写为the post,无特指含义,不适用)。 拓展延伸:常见固定搭配(含the):the diary of sb、the story of sb、the Great Wall、the Forbidden City、the Aegean Sea;本练习中高频特指场景:名词后接of短语作后置定语,表“某人/某物的……”。 2. 不定冠词a/an(表泛指) 核心用法:修饰单数可数名词,表“泛指一个”或“一类事物”;a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前(注意:是元音音素,不是元音字母)。 方法指导:看到单数可数名词前无限定词(the、this、物主代词等),表泛指,优先用a/an;判断用a还是an,看单词发音,不看字母;尤其注意以u、h开头的单词(如unique、university用a,hour、April用an)。 易错点:① 元音字母开头但辅音音素发音,误用an(如a helmet误写为an helmet,helmet发音/ˈhelmɪt/,辅音音素);② 辅音字母开头但元音音素发音,误用a(如an hour误写为a hour,hour发音/ˈaʊə/,元音音素);③ 单数可数名词前漏用a/an(如helmet误写为helmet,无任何限定词,需加a);④ 不可数名词前误用a/an(如space误写为a space,space表“空间”时不可数,不能用a/an修饰)。 拓展延伸:常见固定搭配(含a/an):a must、a helmet、a pair of、an April post、an hour;本练习中高频泛指场景:单数可数名词前无限定词,表“一个/一项”,结合发音判断a/an的用法;注意:a pair of后接复数名词(如a pair of shoes、a pair of gloves),但谓语动词需根据pair的单复数判断(a pair用单数,two pairs用复数)。 二、时态(高频核心考点) 1. 一般现在时 核心用法:表客观事实、经常性/习惯性动作、真理、名言警句;主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词需加-s/-es(规则变化:一般加-s,以s/x/ch/sh/o结尾加-es,以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i加-es)。 方法指导:看到以下情况,优先用一般现在时:① 句子表客观事实(如“Happy Chinese New Year involves a number of activities”,活动本身的属性,客观存在);② 有频率副词(always、usually、often、every day等);③ 主语是单数第三人称,且无其他时态标志词。 易错点:① 主语是单数第三人称,谓语动词漏加-s/-es(如involve误写为involve,应为involves);② 表客观事实误用一般过去时(如include误写为included,活动的属性是客观存在,不用过去时);③ 动词第三人称单数拼写错误(如countries误写为countrys,以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i加-es)。 拓展延伸:常见动词第三人称单数变化:involve→involves、include→includes、live→lives、carry→carries;本练习中高频场景:描述活动、节日的客观属性,用一般现在时。 2. 现在完成时 核心用法:表“从过去持续到现在的动作或状态”,或“过去的动作对现在造成的影响”;结构:主语+have/has+过去分词(主语单数用has,复数用have)。 方法指导:看到以下时间状语,优先用现在完成时:① since+过去时间点/过去动作(since its launch more than 20 years ago、since then、since the legend spread);② over the last few years/months(在过去的几年/几个月里);③ in the past few years(在过去的几年里);④ so far(到目前为止)。 易错点:① 误用一般过去时(如has become误写为became,since引导的时间状语,需用现在完成时,不表单纯的过去动作);② 主语单数误用have(如has regarded误写为have regarded,主语Xie是单数,用has);③ 过去分词拼写错误(如become的过去分词是become,误写为became;regard的过去分词是regarded,误写为regard);④ 混淆现在完成时与一般过去时(一般过去时表单纯的过去动作,无持续含义;现在完成时表持续或对现在的影响)。 拓展延伸:常见不规则动词过去分词:become→become、draw→drawn、begin→begun、see→seen;本练习中高频场景:描述从过去开始,持续到现在的活动、趋势(如“Happy Chinese New Year has become one of the most popular brand events”“Tangping has emerged over the last few months”)。 三、非谓语动词(高频难点考点) 1. 过去分词(done) 核心用法:表被动、完成;可作状语、后置定语、宾补(with复合结构中)。 方法指导:① 作状语:句子主干完整,逻辑主语与动词是被动关系,用过去分词(如Organized by...,competition与organize是被动关系);② 作后置定语:名词与动词是被动关系,用过去分词(如the patriotic expression written by Chen,expression与write是被动关系);③ 作宾补(with复合结构):宾语与动词是被动关系,用过去分词(如with the curtains drawn,curtains与draw是被动关系)。 易错点:① 混淆过去分词与现在分词(被动关系用过去分词,主动关系用现在分词,如written误写为writing,expression与write是被动,不用现在分词);② 误用动词原形/过去式作定语/宾补(如written误写为wrote,wrote是过去式,不能作定语);③ 作状语时,逻辑主语与动词关系判断错误(如Organized误写为Organizing,competition是被组织,不是主动组织)。 拓展延伸:过去分词作后置定语,可还原为定语从句(如the letter written by my father = the letter which was written by my father);with复合结构中,过去分词表“宾语被……”,现在分词表“宾语正在做……”。 2. 现在分词(doing) 核心用法:表主动、进行;可作状语、后置定语、宾补(with复合结构中)、动名词(作主语、宾语)。 方法指导:① 作后置定语:名词与动词是主动关系,用现在分词(如ferries cruising across the Aegean Sea,ferries与cruise是主动关系);② 作伴随状语:句子主干完整,主语与动词是主动关系,用现在分词(如depending on the type of bicycle,prices与depend是主动关系);③ 作宾补(with复合结构):宾语与动词是主动关系,用现在分词(如with many netizens asking her to share it,netizens与ask是主动关系);④ 作宾语:介词后、某些动词(include、enjoy、avoid等)后,用动名词(如after leaving her job,after是介词,用leaving;include refusing,include后用动名词)。 易错点:① 混淆现在分词与过去分词(主动关系用现在分词,被动关系用过去分词,如cruising误写为cruised,ferries与cruise是主动,不用过去分词);② 介词后误用动词原形/不定式(如after leaving误写为after leave,介词后需用动名词);③ 并列结构中,动名词形式不一致(如include not getting、not having and refusing,不能误写为refuse)。 拓展延伸:常见接动名词的动词:include、enjoy、avoid、mind、finish、practise、suggest;现在分词作伴随状语,常置于句末,用逗号与主句隔开,表“伴随主句动作发生”。 3. 动名词(doing) 核心用法:兼具动词和名词的性质,可作主语、宾语、表语;常置于介词后、某些动词后。 方法指导:① 介词(after、before、in、on、of等)后,动词需变为动名词(如after leaving、in popularity);② 动词include、enjoy、avoid、mind等后,接动名词作宾语(如include refusing、avoid staying up late);③ 并列结构中,若前面是动名词,后面也需用动名词(如not getting、not having and refusing)。 易错点:① 介词后误用动词原形/不定式(如after leaving误写为after to leave,不定式不能作介词宾语);② 动词后误用不定式(如include refusing误写为include to refuse,include后接动名词);③ 动名词拼写错误(如leaving误写为leaveing,去e加-ing)。 拓展延伸:动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数(如Cycling in Greece is growing in popularity);部分动词后既可接动名词,也可接不定式,但含义不同(如like doing表“习惯性喜欢”,like to do表“具体某次喜欢”)。 四、词性转换(高频基础考点) 1. 名词变形容词(n→adj) 核心用法:名词前缺定语、系动词后缺表语,需将名词转换为形容词;常见后缀:-al(culture→cultural)、-ional(nation→national)、-ful(care→careful)、-less(care→careless)、-y(rain→rainy)。 方法指导:看到名词前有空格,且空格后是名词(如______ elements,elements是名词,空格需用形容词),优先将名词转换为形容词;结合词根词缀记忆转换规则(如culture→cultural,加-al后缀)。 易错点:① 直接用名词修饰名词(如culture elements误写为culture elements,需用cultural修饰elements);② 拼写错误(如cultural误写为culturual,traditional误写为traditionnal);③ 混淆后缀(如culture误写为culturely,应加-al,不是-ly)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频转换:culture→cultural、tradition→traditional、nation→national、education→educational;常见搭配:cultural elements、traditional festivals、national heritage。 2. 形容词变副词(adj→adv) 核心用法:动词后、形容词前、句子开头/结尾,需将形容词转换为副词;常见后缀:-ly(official→officially、wide→widely);特殊变化:definite→definitely(变y为i加-ly)、true→truly(去e加-ly)。 方法指导:看到动词后有空格(如will ______ live up to,live up to是动词短语,空格需用副词)、形容词前有空格(如not as ______ available,available是形容词,空格需用副词),优先将形容词转换为副词;注意特殊变化规则。 易错点:① 直接用形容词修饰动词/形容词(如officially released误写为official released,official是形容词,不能修饰动词released);② 拼写错误(如officially误写为officialy,definitely误写为definately);③ 混淆wide与widely(wide作副词表“宽地”,widely作副词表“广泛地”,如widely available不能误写为wide available)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频转换:official→officially、definite→definitely、wide→widely、formal→formally;常见搭配:officially released、definitely live up to、widely available。 3. 动词变名词(v→n) 核心用法:句子缺主语、介词后缺宾语,需将动词转换为名词;常见后缀:-tion(involve→involvement)、-ment(develop→development)、-ance(applaud→applause)、-ence(differ→difference)。 方法指导:看到句子缺主语(如______ broke out,空格需作主语)、介词后有空格(如in ______,空格需作介词宾语),且所给词是动词,优先将动词转换为名词;注意部分动词变名词是不规则变化(如applaud→applause)。 易错点:① 直接用动词作主语/宾语(如applause broke out误写为applaud broke out,applaud是动词,不能作主语);② 不可数名词误用复数(如applause误写为applauses,applause是不可数名词,无复数);③ 拼写错误(如applause误写为applauce,enthusiasm误写为enthusiasim)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频转换:applaud→applause、refuse→refusal、leave→leave、emerge→emergence;常见不可数名词:applause、enthusiasm、space、advice、information。 4. 动词变形容词(v→adj) 核心用法:修饰人用-ed结尾的形容词(tired、excited、interested),修饰事物/事件用-ing结尾的形容词(tiring、exciting、interesting);常见后缀:-ed(tire→tired)、-ing(tire→tiring)。 方法指导:看到空格前有too、very等副词,且主语是事物/事件(如996 is too ______,996是事件,用tiring),用-ing结尾的形容词;主语是人(如He is ______,用tired),用-ed结尾的形容词。 易错点:① 修饰事物误用-ed结尾的形容词(如tiring误写为tired,996是事物,用tiring);② 修饰人误用-ing结尾的形容词(如tired误写为tiring,He是“感到疲惫的”,用tired);③ 拼写错误(如tiring误写为tireing,去e加-ing)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频转换:tire→tiring/tired、excite→exciting/excited、interest→interesting/interested;常见搭配:too tiring、feel tired、exciting news、be interested in。 五、连词(高频基础考点) 1. 转折连词but 核心用法:表转折关系,连接两个语义相反、相对的句子或短语;常见搭配:not...but...(不是……而是……),表“否定前者,肯定后者”。 方法指导:看到句子前后语义相反(如“我们00后不是迷失的一代,______ 能为国家未来做贡献的一代”),用but;看到not...but...结构,直接填but,不能省略。 易错点:① 混淆转折连词与并列连词(如but误写为and,and表顺承,不表转折);② 漏填but(not...but...结构不能省略but,如not a lost generation, but a generation不能漏填but);③ 误用选择连词or(or表“或者”,不表转折)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频场景:not...but...结构(如not a lost generation, but a generation;not just a traditional event, but a carrier);but还可用于引导并列句,表“但是”,前后句子语义相反。 2. 原因状语从句连词since 核心用法:表“因为、既然”,引导原因状语从句,语气比because弱,常置于句首,从句是已知的原因,主句是结果。 方法指导:看到前后句子存在因果关系,且从句是已知的、显而易见的原因(如“______ 蒙古族、藏族和哈萨克族生活在广阔的天然草原上,马术对他们的生存至关重要”,从句是已知原因),用since;若表直接原因、语气强,用because;若语气最弱、常置于句中,用as。 易错点:① 混淆since与because(since表已知原因,because表直接原因,如since误写为because,此处从句是已知原因,用since更合适);② 混淆since与so(so表结果,since表原因,如since误写为so,此处表原因,不表结果);③ 误用as(as常置于句中,句首用since更自然)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频场景:句首引导原因状语从句(如since the Mongolians...、since the Li ethnic group...);since还可作介词,表“自从”(如since its launch),此时引导时间状语,与现在完成时连用。 3. 结果状语从句连词that(such...that...) 核心用法:such...that...是固定搭配,表“如此……以至于……”,such后接“形容词+名词”,that引导结果状语从句,表“前面的情况导致后面的结果”。 方法指导:看到such+形容词/副词+名词+______(如such steep roads ______),直接填that,引导结果状语从句;注意与so...that...的区别:so后接形容词/副词,such后接“形容词+名词”。 易错点:① 混淆such...that...与such...as...(such...that...表结果,such...as...表“像……这样的”,引导定语从句,如that误写为as,此处表结果,不表举例);② 漏填that(such...that...结构不能省略that);③ 误用which(which引导定语从句,此处是结果状语从句,不适用)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频场景:such+形容词+复数名词+that...(如such steep roads that...、such rough roads that...);同义转换:such steep roads that... = so steep the roads that...。 六、定语从句(高频难点考点) 1. 限制性定语从句(无逗号) 核心用法:修饰先行词(人/物),与先行词关系密切,不可省略;引导词:指人用who/whom/that,指物用that/which;引导词在从句中作主语、宾语、定语。 方法指导:先行词指物,在从句中作主语,用that/which(如mascot designs that show the concept,先行词是物,从句缺主语,用that);先行词指人,在从句中作主语,用who/that;作宾语,用whom/who/that(可省略)。 易错点:① 指物误用who(who指人,不能指物,如that误写为who);② 从句缺主语,漏用引导词(如mascot designs that show...,不能漏填that,从句缺主语);③ 并列定语从句中,第二个引导词漏用(如that show... and that stresses...,第二个that可省略,但为了结构清晰,建议保留)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频场景:先行词指物,在从句中作主语(如mascot designs that show...、food and decorations that reflect...);并列定语从句,先行词相同,引导词可重复,也可省略第二个引导词。 2. 非限制性定语从句(有逗号) 核心用法:修饰先行词,与先行词关系松散,可省略;引导词:指人用who/whom,指物用which,不能用that;可引导“介词+which/whom”结构(如many of which)。 方法指导:先行词指物,引导非限制性定语从句,用which(如sports and activities, many of which reflect...,先行词是物,有逗号,用which);先行词指人,用who/whom;“many of which/whom”表“其中许多”,避免重复先行词。 易错点:① 用that引导非限制性定语从句(that不能用于非限制性定语从句,如which误写为that);② 用them代替引导词(如many of which误写为many of them,them不能引导定语从句,会导致句子结构混乱);③ 指物误用who(who指人,不能指物)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频场景:“many of which”结构(如many of which reflect the cultures、many of which are about history);非限制性定语从句与主句之间用逗号隔开,可还原为一个独立的句子(如sports and activities, many of which reflect... = many of the sports and activities reflect...)。 七、名词性从句(高频难点考点) 主语从句(what引导) 核心用法:______ + 句子(从句)作句子主语,构成主语从句;what引导主语从句时,在从句中作主语/宾语,表“……的事情/东西”,不能省略。 方法指导:看到句子缺主语,且空格后是一个完整的句子(从句),从句缺主语/宾语,用what引导(如______ she didn't expect was...,从句缺宾语,表“她没有预料到的事情”,用what);若从句语义完整、不缺成分,用that引导(that无实际含义,可省略,但句首不能省略)。 易错点:① 误用that引导(that引导主语从句,从句不缺成分,此处从句缺宾语,如what误写为that);② 误用which引导(which表“哪一个”,此处无选择含义,不适用);③ 漏用引导词(主语从句缺宾语,不能省略what)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频场景:what引导主语从句,作句子主语,后接系动词(如What she didn't expect was...、What I want is...);what引导的主语从句,谓语动词用单数(如What she didn't expect is...)。 八、介词(高频基础考点) 1. 固定搭配介词(range from...to...) 核心用法:range from...to...是固定搭配,表“从……到……变化”,用于描述范围、价格、数量等的变化(如prices range from €10 to €20、rental prices range from 50 yuan to 100 yuan)。 方法指导:看到range,优先联想到固定搭配range from...to...,from后接范围起点,to后接范围终点,不能混淆介词(如from误写为of)。 易错点:① 漏填from(range from...to...不能省略from,如range from €10误写为range €10);② 误用介词(如from误写为of、in,range from是固定搭配);③ 混淆from与to(from表起点,to表终点,不能颠倒)。 拓展延伸:类似固定搭配:vary from...to...(从……到……变化)、differ from...to...(从……到……不同);本练习中高频场景:描述价格范围,用range from...to...。 2. 介词in的用法 核心用法:in后接名词,表“在……方面、在……之中”;常见搭配:in popularity(在受欢迎程度方面)、in space(在空间方面)、in spring(在春天)、in the morning(在早上)。 方法指导:看到“grow in ______”“a lack of ______”,结合语境,in后接名词(如grow in popularity,in后接popularity,表“在受欢迎程度方面增长”);注意in后接不可数名词(如space,表“空间”时不可数)。 易错点:① in后误用形容词(如in popularity误写为in popular,in后接名词,需将popular转换为popularity);② 不可数名词误用复数(如in space误写为in spaces,space表“空间”时不可数);③ 混淆in与on(如in the morning误写为on the morning,具体某一天的早上用on,泛指用in)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频搭配:grow in popularity、a lack of space、in the square、in the film industry。 九、名词单复数(高频基础考点) 核心用法:可数名词有单复数变化,不可数名词无复数变化;可数名词复数变化规则:① 一般加-s(book→books);② 以s/x/ch/sh/o结尾加-es(box→boxes、tomato→tomatoes);③ 以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i加-es(country→countries、family→families);④ 不规则变化(child→children、man→men)。 方法指导:看到overseas、many、some、a lot of等词,可数名词用复数(如overseas countries,country用复数countries);看到a、an、the+单数可数名词,用单数;不可数名词(applause、enthusiasm、space、advice等)无复数,不能加-s。 易错点:① 可数名词复数拼写错误(如countries误写为countrys,以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i加-es);② 不可数名词误用复数(如applause误写为applauses、space误写为spaces);③ 单数可数名词前漏用限定词(如helmet误写为helmet,需加a)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频可数名词复数:countries、blessings(bless→blessings)、paths(path→paths);高频不可数名词:applause、enthusiasm、space、advice、information。 十、代词(高频基础考点) 不定代词others 核心用法:others表“泛指另一些人/物”,无范围限制,不能接名词;常见搭配:some...others...(一些人……另一些人……);区别于the others(表“特指其余的人/物”,有范围限制)、other(形容词,“其他的”,后接名词)。 方法指导:看到前面有some(some compare them to...),此处表“另一些人”,无范围限制,用others;句首首字母大写(Others call their behavior...)。 易错点:① 误用other(other是形容词,不能作主语,如Others误写为Other);② 误用the others(此处无范围限制,不用the,如Others误写为The others);③ 首字母小写(句首单词首字母需大写,如Others误写为others)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频场景:some...others...结构(如some compare them to...,Others call their behavior...);类似搭配:some...some...others...(一些人……一些人……另一些人……)。 十一、核心解题技巧总结(贴合语法填空题型) 1. 先找句子主干,判断句子成分(缺主语、谓语、定语、状语等),再确定考点(词性转换、时态、非谓语动词等); 2. 看到时间状语(since、over the last few months、every day等),优先判断时态(现在完成时、一般现在时等); 3. 看到名词前有空格,优先考虑词性转换(名词变形容词)、冠词(a/an/the); 4. 看到动词后有空格,优先考虑词性转换(形容词变副词); 5. 看到句子主干完整,空格处作状语/定语/宾补,优先考虑非谓语动词(过去分词、现在分词); 6. 看到名词后有从句,优先考虑定语从句(判断先行词是人/物,引导词在从句中的成分); 7. 看到句子缺主语,且空格后是从句,优先考虑名词性从句(what引导); 8. 看到固定搭配(not...but...、range from...to...、such...that...等),直接填对应连词/介词,不用纠结; 9. 注意拼写错误(尤其是词性转换、动词过去分词、名词复数的拼写); 10. 注意大小写(句首单词首字母大写、专有名词首字母大写)。 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ 语法填空必刷:模拟题 + 名校联考题 易错考点全突破 第一组 语法填空(单句长难句·16题) 请根据句意及语法知识,在横线上填入适当的词(每空1词,可涉及词性转换、冠词、介词、连词、非谓语动词、时态语态、从句引导词等),完成下列单句长难句填空。 1. ______ (organize) by China International Culture Association and Central Academy of Fine Arts, the Mascot Design Global Competition of “Happy Chinese New Year” kicked off in Beijing on August 19th. 2. “Happy Chinese New Year” ______ (involve) a number of activities held in overseas ______ (country) about the Lunar New Year, so that people can experience the festive atmosphere. 3. The competition collects mascot designs that show the concept of “Happy Chinese New Year” activities and ______ stresses reunion, a festive atmosphere and sharing. 4. With the rabbit as the main image, since next year marks the Year of the Rabbit, designs are supposed to be rich in Lunar New Year ______ (culture) elements. 5. The call for entries began on August 19th and will end on Dec 26th, and the final selected one will be ______ (official) released at the end of this year. 6. The “Happy Chinese New Year” ______ (become) one of the most popular brand events overseas since its launch more than 20 years ago. 7. When the host of the Harbin Ice and Snow World read out the words on the wallpaper of a lost phone to find its owner, ______ (applaud) broke out among the audience. 8. The sentence was from ______ diary of a soldier Chen Xiangrong, who lost his life in a border conflict with Indian troops in June 2020. 9. Since then, Xie ______ (regard) Chen as an example and hoped one day she could also contribute to the country. 10. So she took the patriotic expression ______ (write) by Chen as a motto, and placed it together with the national flag as the background of her cellphone. 11. ______ she didn't expect was the sudden popularity of the wallpaper on the internet, with many netizens ______ (ask) her to share it. 12. We post-2000s generations are not a lost generation, ______ a generation that can contribute to the future of our country. 13. We will ______ (definite) live up to the expectations of the times, and make an effort to create a better future for our country. 14. China has developed a lot of unique and traditional sports and activities, many of ______ reflect the cultures of the minority groups. 15. As the various minorities are separated by vast distances, it is not surprising that they have their own special ways to express their ______ (enthusiastic). 16. Almost all the traditional sports originated from productive activities at the very beginning, and ______ the Mongolians, Tibetans and Kazaks live in vast natural grasslands, horsemanship is vital to their existence. 第一组 举一反三题目 请根据第一组考点,完成下列举一反三题目,每空1词,巩固高频知识点(均改编自原文,贴合长难句、复合句考点)。 1. ______ (hold) by the local government and cultural departments, the traditional “Mute Festival” of Qixuan village kicked off on the eighth day of the Chinese Lunar New Year. 2. The “Mute Festival” ______ (include) a series of activities held in the village, so that villagers can show respect for their ancestors and seek ______ (bless) for a prosperous year. 3. The villagers prepare a lot of food and decorations that reflect the local customs and ______ carries the memories of their ancestors. 4. With the Yi ethnic group's culture as the core, the “Mute Festival” is supposed to be rich in ethnic ______ (tradition) elements. 5. The parade of the “Mute Festival” began in the morning and will end in the afternoon, and the striking mute dance will be ______ (formal) performed in the square. 6. The “Mute Festival” ______ (exist) for centuries, rooted in local customs and a touching legend of a mute woman. 7. When the mute dance began in the square, cheers and ______ (applaud) broke out among the villagers and visitors. 8. The legend was from ______ story of a mute woman who saved the village from drought and starvation through her sacrifice. 9. Since the legend spread, the villagers ______ (regard) the mute woman as a hero and respected her deeply. 10. So the villagers took the story ______ (tell) by the elders as a precious memory and passed it down from generation to generation. 11. ______ the villagers didn't expect was that the “Mute Festival” would attract so many visitors from all over the country, with many of them ______ (take) photos of the performance. 12. The “Mute Festival” is not just a traditional event, ______ a carrier of the Yi ethnic group's culture and history. 13. The villagers will ______ (definite) pass down the “Mute Festival” and make it known to more people around the world. 14. China has a lot of unique traditional festivals and customs, many of ______ reflect the wisdom and culture of the Chinese nation. 15. As the various ethnic groups live in different regions, it is not surprising that they have their own special ways to show their ______ (enthusiastic) for life. 16. Almost all the traditional festivals originated from ancient people's wishes for a better life, and ______ the Li ethnic group lives in the southern region, the Bamboo Pole Dance is an important part of their festivals. 第二组 语法填空 请根据句意及语法知识,在横线上填入适当的词(每空1词,可涉及词性转换、冠词、介词、连词、非谓语动词、时态语态、从句引导词等),完成下列单句长难句填空。 1. Think of travel in Greece, and your mind may wander to images of ferries ______ (cruise) across the Aegean Sea. 2. Taking to the water is essential if you plan to travel between the Greek islands, but there ______ (be) plenty of other ways to enjoy Greece’s amazing landscapes. 3. Cycling in Greece is growing in ______ (popular), best done in spring and fall rather than high summer. 4. Strong leg muscles are ______ must to tackle the mountains, or you can stick to some of the ______ (flat) coast roads than the mountain roads. 5. Some are bicycle-friendly, but others have such steep roads ______ cycling is not recommended. 6. Bicycle lanes are rare to nonexistent, and there is a real danger from speeding cars — ______ (drive) by locals and tourists alike. 7. Bicycles may be carried for free on some ferries, while on others, there may be a fee, or they may not be allowed at all because of a lack of ______ (space) on board. 8. You can rent bicycles in most tourist hangouts, but they are not as ______ (wide) available as cars and motorcycles. 9. Prices range ______ €10 to €20 per day, ______ (depend) on the type of bicycle. 10. Always make sure the rental cost includes the use of ______ helmet to ensure your safety. 11. Examples of the “tangping”, or “lying flat”, way of life include not getting married, not having children, and ______ (refuse) to work extra hours or to hold a job at all. 12. “I stay at home and sleep and watch television series.” said Zhang, who described herself as “lying flat” for the last two weeks after ______ (leave) her job in the film industry in Wuxi. 13. “Tangping” ______ (emerge) over the last few months, and some compare them to the 1950s Beat Generation in the United States. 14. ______ (other) call their behavior a form of nonviolent resistance, saying that people realize there is no upward mobility. 15. The term developed after ______ April post on the Tieba forum, whose author, unemployed for the last two years, described a low-effort, low-cost lifestyle. 16. He posted a picture of himself lying in bed in the middle of the day with the curtains ______ (draw), and wrote “Lying flat is my movement.” 17. Many people want to lie down because 996 is too ______ (tire), referring to the constant hours common in the tech industry, where the staff are expected to work from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m., six days a week. 第二组 举一反三题目 请根据第二组考点,完成下列举一反三题目,每空1词,巩固高频知识点(均改编自原文,贴合长难句、复合句考点)。 1. Think of travel in China, and your mind may wander to images of tourists ______ (visit) the Great Wall and the Forbidden City. 2. Traveling by train is convenient if you plan to travel between Chinese cities, but there ______ (be) plenty of other ways to enjoy China’s beautiful scenery. 3. Hiking in the mountains is growing in ______ (popular), best done in spring and autumn rather than winter. 4. A pair of comfortable shoes is ______ must to hike in the mountains, or you can stick to some of the ______ (easy) paths than the steep ones. 5. Some hiking paths are smooth, but others have such rough roads ______ hiking is not recommended for the elderly. 6. Hiking signs are rare in some remote mountains, and there is a real danger from wild animals — ______ (live) in the mountains and forests. 7. Backpacks may be carried for free on some buses, while on others, there may be a fee, or they may not be allowed at all because of a lack of ______ (space) on board. 8. You can rent hiking equipment in most scenic spots, but they are not as ______ (wide) available as ordinary outdoor gear. 9. Rental prices range ______ 50 yuan to 100 yuan per day, ______ (depend) on the quality of the equipment. 10. Always make sure the rental equipment includes ______ pair of gloves to protect your hands from injury. 11. Examples of the healthy lifestyle include eating more vegetables, exercising regularly, and ______ (avoid) staying up late or eating junk food. 12. “I get up early and exercise every morning.” said Li, who described herself as a “healthy lover” for the last three months after ______ (quit) her sedentary job in the office. 13. The healthy lifestyle ______ (emerge) over the last few years, and some compare it to the healthy trend in Western countries. 14. ______ (other) call this lifestyle a form of self-care, saying that people realize the importance of health. 15. The term “healthy lifestyle” developed after ______ July post on a social media platform, whose author, a doctor, described a scientific and healthy daily routine. 16. She posted a picture of herself exercising in the morning with the windows ______ (open), and wrote “Health is the most precious wealth.” 17. Many people want to keep a healthy lifestyle because staying up late is too ______ (tire), referring to the bad habit that many young people have of sleeping late. 语法知识点系统总结(详细全面,方便背诵记忆) 本总结整合两组题目所有高频考点,结合本次改编原文的主题(中国文化、传统节日、社会现象、中外旅游等),按“考点分类+核心用法+方法指导+易错点+拓展延伸”的结构整理,构建系统知识网络,贴合学生背诵记忆需求,覆盖语法填空常考知识点,降低AI痕迹,注重实用性和针对性,所有知识点均结合本次练习例题,避免空洞理论,让学生能结合题目快速理解、熟练运用。 一、冠词(高频基础考点) 1. 定冠词the(表特指) 核心用法:修饰名词(单数、复数、不可数),表“特指”,即双方都知道的事物、有后置定语修饰的事物、独一无二的事物/机构、序数词/形容词最高级前、专有名词(机构、建筑、江河湖海)前。 方法指导:看到以下情况,优先用the:① 名词后有后置定语(of短语、定语从句、过去分词短语等,如the diary of a soldier Chen Xiangrong、the story of a mute woman);② 特指前文提到过的事物(如the “Mute Festival”,前文提到过的节日);③ 某些固定搭配中(如the Great Wall、the Forbidden City)。 易错点:① 泛指时误用the(如a helmet误写为the helmet,无后置定语表泛指,不适用);② 不可数名词前误用the(如space误写为the space,表“空间”时泛指,不用the);③ 固定搭配中漏用/误用the(如the Great Wall不能漏写the);④ 普通名词前无后置定语,误加the(如a post误写为the post,无特指含义,不适用)。 拓展延伸:常见固定搭配(含the):the diary of sb、the story of sb、the Great Wall、the Forbidden City、the Aegean Sea;本练习中高频特指场景:名词后接of短语作后置定语,表“某人/某物的……”。 2. 不定冠词a/an(表泛指) 核心用法:修饰单数可数名词,表“泛指一个”或“一类事物”;a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,an用于元音音素开头的单词前(注意:是元音音素,不是元音字母)。 方法指导:看到单数可数名词前无限定词(the、this、物主代词等),表泛指,优先用a/an;判断用a还是an,看单词发音,不看字母;尤其注意以u、h开头的单词(如unique、university用a,hour、April用an)。 易错点:① 元音字母开头但辅音音素发音,误用an(如a helmet误写为an helmet,helmet发音/ˈhelmɪt/,辅音音素);② 辅音字母开头但元音音素发音,误用a(如an hour误写为a hour,hour发音/ˈaʊə/,元音音素);③ 单数可数名词前漏用a/an(如helmet误写为helmet,无任何限定词,需加a);④ 不可数名词前误用a/an(如space误写为a space,space表“空间”时不可数,不能用a/an修饰)。 拓展延伸:常见固定搭配(含a/an):a must、a helmet、a pair of、an April post、an hour;本练习中高频泛指场景:单数可数名词前无限定词,表“一个/一项”,结合发音判断a/an的用法;注意:a pair of后接复数名词(如a pair of shoes、a pair of gloves),但谓语动词需根据pair的单复数判断(a pair用单数,two pairs用复数)。 二、时态(高频核心考点) 1. 一般现在时 核心用法:表客观事实、经常性/习惯性动作、真理、名言警句;主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词需加-s/-es(规则变化:一般加-s,以s/x/ch/sh/o结尾加-es,以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i加-es)。 方法指导:看到以下情况,优先用一般现在时:① 句子表客观事实(如“Happy Chinese New Year involves a number of activities”,活动本身的属性,客观存在);② 有频率副词(always、usually、often、every day等);③ 主语是单数第三人称,且无其他时态标志词。 易错点:① 主语是单数第三人称,谓语动词漏加-s/-es(如involve误写为involve,应为involves);② 表客观事实误用一般过去时(如include误写为included,活动的属性是客观存在,不用过去时);③ 动词第三人称单数拼写错误(如countries误写为countrys,以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i加-es)。 拓展延伸:常见动词第三人称单数变化:involve→involves、include→includes、live→lives、carry→carries;本练习中高频场景:描述活动、节日的客观属性,用一般现在时。 2. 现在完成时 核心用法:表“从过去持续到现在的动作或状态”,或“过去的动作对现在造成的影响”;结构:主语+have/has+过去分词(主语单数用has,复数用have)。 方法指导:看到以下时间状语,优先用现在完成时:① since+过去时间点/过去动作(since its launch more than 20 years ago、since then、since the legend spread);② over the last few years/months(在过去的几年/几个月里);③ in the past few years(在过去的几年里);④ so far(到目前为止)。 易错点:① 误用一般过去时(如has become误写为became,since引导的时间状语,需用现在完成时,不表单纯的过去动作);② 主语单数误用have(如has regarded误写为have regarded,主语Xie是单数,用has);③ 过去分词拼写错误(如become的过去分词是become,误写为became;regard的过去分词是regarded,误写为regard);④ 混淆现在完成时与一般过去时(一般过去时表单纯的过去动作,无持续含义;现在完成时表持续或对现在的影响)。 拓展延伸:常见不规则动词过去分词:become→become、draw→drawn、begin→begun、see→seen;本练习中高频场景:描述从过去开始,持续到现在的活动、趋势(如“Happy Chinese New Year has become one of the most popular brand events”“Tangping has emerged over the last few months”)。 三、非谓语动词(高频难点考点) 1. 过去分词(done) 核心用法:表被动、完成;可作状语、后置定语、宾补(with复合结构中)。 方法指导:① 作状语:句子主干完整,逻辑主语与动词是被动关系,用过去分词(如Organized by...,competition与organize是被动关系);② 作后置定语:名词与动词是被动关系,用过去分词(如the patriotic expression written by Chen,expression与write是被动关系);③ 作宾补(with复合结构):宾语与动词是被动关系,用过去分词(如with the curtains drawn,curtains与draw是被动关系)。 易错点:① 混淆过去分词与现在分词(被动关系用过去分词,主动关系用现在分词,如written误写为writing,expression与write是被动,不用现在分词);② 误用动词原形/过去式作定语/宾补(如written误写为wrote,wrote是过去式,不能作定语);③ 作状语时,逻辑主语与动词关系判断错误(如Organized误写为Organizing,competition是被组织,不是主动组织)。 拓展延伸:过去分词作后置定语,可还原为定语从句(如the letter written by my father = the letter which was written by my father);with复合结构中,过去分词表“宾语被……”,现在分词表“宾语正在做……”。 2. 现在分词(doing) 核心用法:表主动、进行;可作状语、后置定语、宾补(with复合结构中)、动名词(作主语、宾语)。 方法指导:① 作后置定语:名词与动词是主动关系,用现在分词(如ferries cruising across the Aegean Sea,ferries与cruise是主动关系);② 作伴随状语:句子主干完整,主语与动词是主动关系,用现在分词(如depending on the type of bicycle,prices与depend是主动关系);③ 作宾补(with复合结构):宾语与动词是主动关系,用现在分词(如with many netizens asking her to share it,netizens与ask是主动关系);④ 作宾语:介词后、某些动词(include、enjoy、avoid等)后,用动名词(如after leaving her job,after是介词,用leaving;include refusing,include后用动名词)。 易错点:① 混淆现在分词与过去分词(主动关系用现在分词,被动关系用过去分词,如cruising误写为cruised,ferries与cruise是主动,不用过去分词);② 介词后误用动词原形/不定式(如after leaving误写为after leave,介词后需用动名词);③ 并列结构中,动名词形式不一致(如include not getting、not having and refusing,不能误写为refuse)。 拓展延伸:常见接动名词的动词:include、enjoy、avoid、mind、finish、practise、suggest;现在分词作伴随状语,常置于句末,用逗号与主句隔开,表“伴随主句动作发生”。 3. 动名词(doing) 核心用法:兼具动词和名词的性质,可作主语、宾语、表语;常置于介词后、某些动词后。 方法指导:① 介词(after、before、in、on、of等)后,动词需变为动名词(如after leaving、in popularity);② 动词include、enjoy、avoid、mind等后,接动名词作宾语(如include refusing、avoid staying up late);③ 并列结构中,若前面是动名词,后面也需用动名词(如not getting、not having and refusing)。 易错点:① 介词后误用动词原形/不定式(如after leaving误写为after to leave,不定式不能作介词宾语);② 动词后误用不定式(如include refusing误写为include to refuse,include后接动名词);③ 动名词拼写错误(如leaving误写为leaveing,去e加-ing)。 拓展延伸:动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数(如Cycling in Greece is growing in popularity);部分动词后既可接动名词,也可接不定式,但含义不同(如like doing表“习惯性喜欢”,like to do表“具体某次喜欢”)。 四、词性转换(高频基础考点) 1. 名词变形容词(n→adj) 核心用法:名词前缺定语、系动词后缺表语,需将名词转换为形容词;常见后缀:-al(culture→cultural)、-ional(nation→national)、-ful(care→careful)、-less(care→careless)、-y(rain→rainy)。 方法指导:看到名词前有空格,且空格后是名词(如______ elements,elements是名词,空格需用形容词),优先将名词转换为形容词;结合词根词缀记忆转换规则(如culture→cultural,加-al后缀)。 易错点:① 直接用名词修饰名词(如culture elements误写为culture elements,需用cultural修饰elements);② 拼写错误(如cultural误写为culturual,traditional误写为traditionnal);③ 混淆后缀(如culture误写为culturely,应加-al,不是-ly)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频转换:culture→cultural、tradition→traditional、nation→national、education→educational;常见搭配:cultural elements、traditional festivals、national heritage。 2. 形容词变副词(adj→adv) 核心用法:动词后、形容词前、句子开头/结尾,需将形容词转换为副词;常见后缀:-ly(official→officially、wide→widely);特殊变化:definite→definitely(变y为i加-ly)、true→truly(去e加-ly)。 方法指导:看到动词后有空格(如will ______ live up to,live up to是动词短语,空格需用副词)、形容词前有空格(如not as ______ available,available是形容词,空格需用副词),优先将形容词转换为副词;注意特殊变化规则。 易错点:① 直接用形容词修饰动词/形容词(如officially released误写为official released,official是形容词,不能修饰动词released);② 拼写错误(如officially误写为officialy,definitely误写为definately);③ 混淆wide与widely(wide作副词表“宽地”,widely作副词表“广泛地”,如widely available不能误写为wide available)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频转换:official→officially、definite→definitely、wide→widely、formal→formally;常见搭配:officially released、definitely live up to、widely available。 3. 动词变名词(v→n) 核心用法:句子缺主语、介词后缺宾语,需将动词转换为名词;常见后缀:-tion(involve→involvement)、-ment(develop→development)、-ance(applaud→applause)、-ence(differ→difference)。 方法指导:看到句子缺主语(如______ broke out,空格需作主语)、介词后有空格(如in ______,空格需作介词宾语),且所给词是动词,优先将动词转换为名词;注意部分动词变名词是不规则变化(如applaud→applause)。 易错点:① 直接用动词作主语/宾语(如applause broke out误写为applaud broke out,applaud是动词,不能作主语);② 不可数名词误用复数(如applause误写为applauses,applause是不可数名词,无复数);③ 拼写错误(如applause误写为applauce,enthusiasm误写为enthusiasim)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频转换:applaud→applause、refuse→refusal、leave→leave、emerge→emergence;常见不可数名词:applause、enthusiasm、space、advice、information。 4. 动词变形容词(v→adj) 核心用法:修饰人用-ed结尾的形容词(tired、excited、interested),修饰事物/事件用-ing结尾的形容词(tiring、exciting、interesting);常见后缀:-ed(tire→tired)、-ing(tire→tiring)。 方法指导:看到空格前有too、very等副词,且主语是事物/事件(如996 is too ______,996是事件,用tiring),用-ing结尾的形容词;主语是人(如He is ______,用tired),用-ed结尾的形容词。 易错点:① 修饰事物误用-ed结尾的形容词(如tiring误写为tired,996是事物,用tiring);② 修饰人误用-ing结尾的形容词(如tired误写为tiring,He是“感到疲惫的”,用tired);③ 拼写错误(如tiring误写为tireing,去e加-ing)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频转换:tire→tiring/tired、excite→exciting/excited、interest→interesting/interested;常见搭配:too tiring、feel tired、exciting news、be interested in。 五、连词(高频基础考点) 1. 转折连词but 核心用法:表转折关系,连接两个语义相反、相对的句子或短语;常见搭配:not...but...(不是……而是……),表“否定前者,肯定后者”。 方法指导:看到句子前后语义相反(如“我们00后不是迷失的一代,______ 能为国家未来做贡献的一代”),用but;看到not...but...结构,直接填but,不能省略。 易错点:① 混淆转折连词与并列连词(如but误写为and,and表顺承,不表转折);② 漏填but(not...but...结构不能省略but,如not a lost generation, but a generation不能漏填but);③ 误用选择连词or(or表“或者”,不表转折)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频场景:not...but...结构(如not a lost generation, but a generation;not just a traditional event, but a carrier);but还可用于引导并列句,表“但是”,前后句子语义相反。 2. 原因状语从句连词since 核心用法:表“因为、既然”,引导原因状语从句,语气比because弱,常置于句首,从句是已知的原因,主句是结果。 方法指导:看到前后句子存在因果关系,且从句是已知的、显而易见的原因(如“______ 蒙古族、藏族和哈萨克族生活在广阔的天然草原上,马术对他们的生存至关重要”,从句是已知原因),用since;若表直接原因、语气强,用because;若语气最弱、常置于句中,用as。 易错点:① 混淆since与because(since表已知原因,because表直接原因,如since误写为because,此处从句是已知原因,用since更合适);② 混淆since与so(so表结果,since表原因,如since误写为so,此处表原因,不表结果);③ 误用as(as常置于句中,句首用since更自然)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频场景:句首引导原因状语从句(如since the Mongolians...、since the Li ethnic group...);since还可作介词,表“自从”(如since its launch),此时引导时间状语,与现在完成时连用。 3. 结果状语从句连词that(such...that...) 核心用法:such...that...是固定搭配,表“如此……以至于……”,such后接“形容词+名词”,that引导结果状语从句,表“前面的情况导致后面的结果”。 方法指导:看到such+形容词/副词+名词+______(如such steep roads ______),直接填that,引导结果状语从句;注意与so...that...的区别:so后接形容词/副词,such后接“形容词+名词”。 易错点:① 混淆such...that...与such...as...(such...that...表结果,such...as...表“像……这样的”,引导定语从句,如that误写为as,此处表结果,不表举例);② 漏填that(such...that...结构不能省略that);③ 误用which(which引导定语从句,此处是结果状语从句,不适用)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频场景:such+形容词+复数名词+that...(如such steep roads that...、such rough roads that...);同义转换:such steep roads that... = so steep the roads that...。 六、定语从句(高频难点考点) 1. 限制性定语从句(无逗号) 核心用法:修饰先行词(人/物),与先行词关系密切,不可省略;引导词:指人用who/whom/that,指物用that/which;引导词在从句中作主语、宾语、定语。 方法指导:先行词指物,在从句中作主语,用that/which(如mascot designs that show the concept,先行词是物,从句缺主语,用that);先行词指人,在从句中作主语,用who/that;作宾语,用whom/who/that(可省略)。 易错点:① 指物误用who(who指人,不能指物,如that误写为who);② 从句缺主语,漏用引导词(如mascot designs that show...,不能漏填that,从句缺主语);③ 并列定语从句中,第二个引导词漏用(如that show... and that stresses...,第二个that可省略,但为了结构清晰,建议保留)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频场景:先行词指物,在从句中作主语(如mascot designs that show...、food and decorations that reflect...);并列定语从句,先行词相同,引导词可重复,也可省略第二个引导词。 2. 非限制性定语从句(有逗号) 核心用法:修饰先行词,与先行词关系松散,可省略;引导词:指人用who/whom,指物用which,不能用that;可引导“介词+which/whom”结构(如many of which)。 方法指导:先行词指物,引导非限制性定语从句,用which(如sports and activities, many of which reflect...,先行词是物,有逗号,用which);先行词指人,用who/whom;“many of which/whom”表“其中许多”,避免重复先行词。 易错点:① 用that引导非限制性定语从句(that不能用于非限制性定语从句,如which误写为that);② 用them代替引导词(如many of which误写为many of them,them不能引导定语从句,会导致句子结构混乱);③ 指物误用who(who指人,不能指物)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频场景:“many of which”结构(如many of which reflect the cultures、many of which are about history);非限制性定语从句与主句之间用逗号隔开,可还原为一个独立的句子(如sports and activities, many of which reflect... = many of the sports and activities reflect...)。 七、名词性从句(高频难点考点) 主语从句(what引导) 核心用法:______ + 句子(从句)作句子主语,构成主语从句;what引导主语从句时,在从句中作主语/宾语,表“……的事情/东西”,不能省略。 方法指导:看到句子缺主语,且空格后是一个完整的句子(从句),从句缺主语/宾语,用what引导(如______ she didn't expect was...,从句缺宾语,表“她没有预料到的事情”,用what);若从句语义完整、不缺成分,用that引导(that无实际含义,可省略,但句首不能省略)。 易错点:① 误用that引导(that引导主语从句,从句不缺成分,此处从句缺宾语,如what误写为that);② 误用which引导(which表“哪一个”,此处无选择含义,不适用);③ 漏用引导词(主语从句缺宾语,不能省略what)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频场景:what引导主语从句,作句子主语,后接系动词(如What she didn't expect was...、What I want is...);what引导的主语从句,谓语动词用单数(如What she didn't expect is...)。 八、介词(高频基础考点) 1. 固定搭配介词(range from...to...) 核心用法:range from...to...是固定搭配,表“从……到……变化”,用于描述范围、价格、数量等的变化(如prices range from €10 to €20、rental prices range from 50 yuan to 100 yuan)。 方法指导:看到range,优先联想到固定搭配range from...to...,from后接范围起点,to后接范围终点,不能混淆介词(如from误写为of)。 易错点:① 漏填from(range from...to...不能省略from,如range from €10误写为range €10);② 误用介词(如from误写为of、in,range from是固定搭配);③ 混淆from与to(from表起点,to表终点,不能颠倒)。 拓展延伸:类似固定搭配:vary from...to...(从……到……变化)、differ from...to...(从……到……不同);本练习中高频场景:描述价格范围,用range from...to...。 2. 介词in的用法 核心用法:in后接名词,表“在……方面、在……之中”;常见搭配:in popularity(在受欢迎程度方面)、in space(在空间方面)、in spring(在春天)、in the morning(在早上)。 方法指导:看到“grow in ______”“a lack of ______”,结合语境,in后接名词(如grow in popularity,in后接popularity,表“在受欢迎程度方面增长”);注意in后接不可数名词(如space,表“空间”时不可数)。 易错点:① in后误用形容词(如in popularity误写为in popular,in后接名词,需将popular转换为popularity);② 不可数名词误用复数(如in space误写为in spaces,space表“空间”时不可数);③ 混淆in与on(如in the morning误写为on the morning,具体某一天的早上用on,泛指用in)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频搭配:grow in popularity、a lack of space、in the square、in the film industry。 九、名词单复数(高频基础考点) 核心用法:可数名词有单复数变化,不可数名词无复数变化;可数名词复数变化规则:① 一般加-s(book→books);② 以s/x/ch/sh/o结尾加-es(box→boxes、tomato→tomatoes);③ 以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i加-es(country→countries、family→families);④ 不规则变化(child→children、man→men)。 方法指导:看到overseas、many、some、a lot of等词,可数名词用复数(如overseas countries,country用复数countries);看到a、an、the+单数可数名词,用单数;不可数名词(applause、enthusiasm、space、advice等)无复数,不能加-s。 易错点:① 可数名词复数拼写错误(如countries误写为countrys,以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i加-es);② 不可数名词误用复数(如applause误写为applauses、space误写为spaces);③ 单数可数名词前漏用限定词(如helmet误写为helmet,需加a)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频可数名词复数:countries、blessings(bless→blessings)、paths(path→paths);高频不可数名词:applause、enthusiasm、space、advice、information。 十、代词(高频基础考点) 不定代词others 核心用法:others表“泛指另一些人/物”,无范围限制,不能接名词;常见搭配:some...others...(一些人……另一些人……);区别于the others(表“特指其余的人/物”,有范围限制)、other(形容词,“其他的”,后接名词)。 方法指导:看到前面有some(some compare them to...),此处表“另一些人”,无范围限制,用others;句首首字母大写(Others call their behavior...)。 易错点:① 误用other(other是形容词,不能作主语,如Others误写为Other);② 误用the others(此处无范围限制,不用the,如Others误写为The others);③ 首字母小写(句首单词首字母需大写,如Others误写为others)。 拓展延伸:本练习中高频场景:some...others...结构(如some compare them to...,Others call their behavior...);类似搭配:some...some...others...(一些人……一些人……另一些人……)。 十一、核心解题技巧总结(贴合语法填空题型) 1. 先找句子主干,判断句子成分(缺主语、谓语、定语、状语等),再确定考点(词性转换、时态、非谓语动词等); 2. 看到时间状语(since、over the last few months、every day等),优先判断时态(现在完成时、一般现在时等); 3. 看到名词前有空格,优先考虑词性转换(名词变形容词)、冠词(a/an/the); 4. 看到动词后有空格,优先考虑词性转换(形容词变副词); 5. 看到句子主干完整,空格处作状语/定语/宾补,优先考虑非谓语动词(过去分词、现在分词); 6. 看到名词后有从句,优先考虑定语从句(判断先行词是人/物,引导词在从句中的成分); 7. 看到句子缺主语,且空格后是从句,优先考虑名词性从句(what引导); 8. 看到固定搭配(not...but...、range from...to...、such...that...等),直接填对应连词/介词,不用纠结; 9. 注意拼写错误(尤其是词性转换、动词过去分词、名词复数的拼写); 10. 注意大小写(句首单词首字母大写、专有名词首字母大写)。 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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语法填空必刷:模拟题 + 名校联考题 易错考点全突破(30)-2026届高三英语三轮复习专项
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语法填空必刷:模拟题 + 名校联考题 易错考点全突破(30)-2026届高三英语三轮复习专项
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