Unit4-Inventions- Section 3-同步练2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语上册

**基本信息** 本同步练以“基础认知-技能应用-语篇综合”分层，通过词汇语法到语篇理解的递进设计，适配新授课语言能力培养与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础认知|核心词汇及语法形式|选词填空（如solar energy）、适当形式填空（如invent→invention）夯实基础| |技能应用|语篇逻辑与信息补全|完形填空（flying car功能描述）、五选四（写作步骤）训练逻辑衔接| |语篇综合|主旨归纳与细节理解|阅读理解（pedal-powered washing machine）考查信息获取与主旨提炼|

Unit 4 Inventions Section 3 同步练 班级：________ 姓名：________ 得分：________ 一、选词填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，计 10 分） 从方框中选择合适的词或短语，并用其正确形式完成句子，每词 / 短语限用一次。 control, convenient, invent, pollution, solar, speed, powered, foot, avoid, benefit 1. The flying car uses ______ energy, so it doesn’t pollute the air. 2. The pedal-powered washing machine is ______ by riding a bicycle. 3. This new invention helps people ______ traffic jams on the way to school. 4. You can ______ the car with your voice by saying “Fly!” or “Stop!”. 5. The top ______ of the flying car is 300 km/h, so you can travel far in less time. 6. The 14-year-old girl ______ the pedal-powered washing machine to make laundry easier. 7. Using solar power can reduce air ______ and make the world cleaner. 8. The invention of the smartphone makes our lives more ______ and connected. 9. One of the main ______ of the flying car is that it can both run on land and fly in the air. 10. The washing machine moves the clothes around when you use your ______ to ride the bicycle. 二、适当形式填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，计 10 分） 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. The ______ (invent) of the flying car will help people avoid traffic jams. 2. The pedal-powered washing machine is a great ______ (invent) by a 14-year-old girl. 3. The car uses ______ (sun) power, so it is green and clean. 4. You can ______ (control) the car with your voice, which is very easy. 5. The flying car has two ______ (wing) and four wheels. 6. It can run on land and fly in the air, so it is very ______ (convenience). 7. The invention will make driving a more ______ (excite) experience for people. 8. The car can turn into a plane in 30 ______ (second). 9. Instead of petrol, the car uses solar power, so it won’t ______ (pollution) the air. 10. The girl invented the machine to make ______ (wash) clothes easier for her family. 三、阅读理解 A（共 4 小题，每小题 2.5 分，计 10 分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 The Pedal-Powered Washing Machine A 14-year-old girl from India invented a special washing machine: the pedal-powered washing machine. She came up with the idea because her family didn’t have electricity, and her mother had to wash clothes by hand every day. The machine looks like a bicycle connected to a washing drum. How does it work? When you ride the bicycle, the movement turns the drum inside the washing machine. The clothes move around in the water, just like they do in an electric washing machine. You don’t need electricity at all. This makes it perfect for places with no power, or for people who want to save energy. The machine is cheap to build and easy to use. It helps people save time and energy. Instead of spending hours washing clothes by hand, people can ride the bicycle and do other things at the same time. It also produces no pollution, so it is good for the environment. Many people around the world are now using this simple but useful invention. 1. Why did the girl invent the pedal-powered washing machine? A. She wanted to sell it to make money. B. Her family didn’t have electricity, and her mother washed clothes by hand. C. She wanted to win a science competition. D. She hated riding bicycles and wanted to make it more useful. 2. What does the pedal-powered washing machine look like? A. A normal washing machine with solar panels. B. A bicycle connected to a washing drum. C. A car with wheels that can wash clothes. D. A small drum that you carry on your back. 3. What is one advantage of the pedal-powered washing machine? A. It uses very little water. B. It works without electricity. C. It can dry clothes automatically. D. It is very fast, finishing in 5 minutes. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Electric washing machines are bad for the environment. B. A girl invented a useful, pollution-free washing machine using bicycle power. C. How to build a pedal-powered washing machine at home. D. Washing clothes by hand is better for people’s health. 四、完形填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，计 10 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 My dream invention is a flying car. I came up with the idea because I hate traffic jams. The flying car has four wheels and two wings. It can 1______ on land and fly in the air. It is very fast, with a top 2______ of 300 km/h. You can travel farther in less time. The car is 3______ by solar power, so it doesn’t pollute the air. You can control it with your 4______ — just shout “Fly!” and it will turn into a plane in 30 seconds. This invention has many 5______. First, it helps people 6______ traffic jams. You don’t have to wait in long lines on the road anymore. Second, it is 7______ and green, using clean energy. Third, it makes travelling more 8______ — you can enjoy the view from the sky. The flying car is not just a dream. With new technology, it might become real one day. I believe this invention will make people’s lives 9______ and easier. Who knows? Maybe I will be the one to 10______ it! 1. A. run B. swim C. climb D. jump 2. A. time B. speed C. price D. weight 3. A. powered B. controlled C. built D. sold 4. A. hands B. eyes C. voice D. feet 5. A. problems B. benefits C. questions D. rules 6. A. meet B. avoid C. make D. join 7. A. expensive B. slow C. convenient D. noisy 8. A. boring B. exciting C. difficult D. dangerous 9. A. busier B. harder C. better D. longer 10. A. invent B. use C. buy D. find 五、五选四（共 4 小题，每小题 2.5 分，计 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 How to Write About Your Invention Writing about your invention is a great way to share your ideas. Here are some steps to help you. 1. ______ Draw a mind map first. Write down what your invention is, what it looks like, what it can do, and its benefits. This helps you organize your ideas clearly. 2. ______ Start by introducing your invention. Say what it is and what it does. For example, “My invention is a flying car. It can run on land and fly in the air.” 3. ______ Describe its features and benefits. Talk about how it works, what power it uses, and how it helps people. For example, “It uses solar power, so it is green and won’t pollute the air. It also helps people avoid traffic jams.” 4. ______ Check your writing for spelling, grammar, and punctuation. Make sure you used the words you learned in class. You can also draw a picture of your invention to make it more interesting. A. Next, write the article. B. Finally, check and revise your work. C. First, plan your ideas. D. Then, draw a picture of your invention. E. Use simple sentences and clear details. 参考答案 一、选词填空 1. solar 2. powered 3. avoid 4. control 5. speed 6.invented 7. pollution 8. convenient 9. benefits 10. feet 二、适当形式填空 1. invention 2. invention 3. solar 4. control 5. wings 6.convenient 7. exciting 8. seconds 9. pollute 10. washing 三、阅读理解 A 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 四、完形填空 1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. B 6.B 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. A 五、五选四 1. C 2. A 3. E 4. B 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $