Unit 4 Inventions Section 1 同步练 2025-2026学年沪教版八年级英语上册

**基本信息** 聚焦“词汇-语法-语篇”三阶分层，通过基础应用与综合理解的梯度设计，巩固Inventions主题语言知识，提升语言能力与思维品质。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层|核心词汇应用|选词填空考查单一名词/动词辨析，如“invention”“transport”| |进阶层|语法规则转换|适当形式填空涉及词形变化（wheels/development）与时态（travelled）| |综合层|语篇理解应用|阅读/完形/五选四整合主题语境，五选四考查语篇衔接逻辑|

Unit 4 Inventions Section 1 同步练 班级：________ 姓名：________ 得分：________ 一、选词填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，计 10 分） 从方框中选择合适的词或短语，并用其正确形式完成句子，每词 / 短语限用一次。 attach, pull, depend on, doubt, invention, transport, increase, path, trade, perfect 1. The farmers used horses to ______ heavy goods to the market in the old days. 2. There is no ______ that the wheel is one of the greatest inventions in history. 3. Before cars were invented, people walked along a narrow ______ through the forest. 4. We need to ______ the label to the package before sending it. 5. The new road system has greatly ______ the speed of traffic in the city. 6. Many small businesses ______ online sales to keep running these days. 7. The steam engine was an important ______ that changed the world. 8. Ancient ______ between China and Europe made different cultures meet. 9. The old car is not ______, but it still works well for daily use. 10. The invention of the wheel made it easier to ______ both people and goods. 二、适当形式填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，计 10 分） 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. The first ______ (wheel) were probably used to make pottery thousands of years ago. 2. The new road ______ (build) techniques made travel much safer in ancient Rome. 3. People ______ (travel) on foot for thousands of years before the wheel was invented. 4. This invention allowed farmers ______ (send) their products to faraway markets. 5. The ______ (develop) of the wheel changed how humans moved and worked. 6. Without wheels, many modern ______ (machine) like cars and trains would not exist. 7. We still use some of the road ______ (invent) from ancient Rome today. 8. The digital world still ______ (use) wheels in devices like 3D printers. 9. The wheel helped ______ (national) trade grow quickly between countries. 10. The early horse-pulled vehicles made it much ______ (easy) to carry heavy things. 三、阅读理解 A（共 4 小题，每小题 2.5 分，计 10 分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 The History of the Wheel The wheel is one of the most important inventions in human history. Before the wheel was invented, people travelled on foot or rode horses. They could not carry large amounts of goods easily. Around 3500 BCE, the first wheel was probably invented in Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq). At first, people used wheels to make pottery. Later, they realized that wheels could be used for transport. By 3200 BCE, people started attaching wheels to horse-pulled carts. This made transporting goods much faster and easier. Farmers could send their crops to markets far away, and trade between villages grew. The wheel also led to the building of better roads. The Romans built stone roads with good surfaces, some of which are still used today. Over time, the wheel changed many things. Windmills, clocks, and later, steam locomotives, cars, and planes all depend on wheels. Even in our modern digital age, we use wheels in 3D printers and other machines. Without the wheel, many of the things we take for granted would not exist. 1. What did people use the first wheels for? A. Pulling carts B. Making pottery C. Building roads D. Travelling on horses 2. When did people start using wheels on horse-pulled carts? A. Around 3500 BCE B. Around 3200 BCE C. In 1783 D. In 1801 3. Why did the wheel lead to better roads? A. People needed roads that could handle wheeled vehicles B. Horses needed better paths to walk on C. The Romans wanted to build roads for tourism D. Steam locomotives required stone roads 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The wheel was only used for transport in ancient times B. The invention of the wheel changed human life in many ways C. The Romans invented the first stone roads D. Modern machines do not depend on wheels anymore 四、完形填空（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，计 10 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Before the wheel was invented, humans travelled 1______ foot for thousands of years. They could only carry small amounts of food and goods, so moving to new places was 2______. Around 6,000 years ago, people in Kazakhstan started riding horses. This made travel faster, but transporting large goods was still 3______. The wheel changed everything. The first wheels were probably used to make pottery, but soon people realized they could use them for 4______. They attached wheels to horse-pulled vehicles, and suddenly farmers could send their goods to markets far away. This helped 5______ national and international trade. At first, roads were just old walking paths. They became hard to use when it rained, so people built the first stone roads. The Romans then invented new road-building 6______, and their roads were so good that some are still used today. The wheel also helped build many machines. Windmills, clocks, and later, steam locomotives and cars all 7______ on wheels. Even in our digital world, we use wheels in devices like 3D printers. There is no 8______ that the wheel is one of the most important inventions of all time. It changed how people travelled, traded, and built things, and it still plays a big 9______ in our lives today. We can hardly imagine a world 10______ wheels. 1. A. on B. by C. with D. at 2. A. easy B. difficult C. fast D. comfortable 3. A. easy B. simple C. hard D. impossible 4. A. fun B. work C. travel D. games 5. A. stop B. reduce C. increase D. control 6. A. problems B. techniques C. tools D. materials 7. A. depend B. live C. work D. move 8. A. question B. doubt C. need D. problem 9. A. part B. place C. role D. task 10. A. with B. without C. for D. about 五、五选四（共 4 小题，每小题 2.5 分，计 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 The Evolution of Transport Transport has changed a lot over thousands of years, and the wheel has played a key role in every step. 1. ______ Before that, people walked or rode horses, and moving heavy things was very hard. The wheel first appeared around 3500 BCE. 2. ______ Later, people attached wheels to carts, making it easier to carry goods. By the 19th century, steam locomotives were invented, using wheels to move along rails. 3. ______ Cars and safety bicycles became popular, and people could travel farther and faster than ever before. In the 20th century, planes and crewed spacecraft were invented. 4. ______ Even today, new transport inventions still use wheels in different ways. From ancient carts to modern cars, the wheel has always been an important part of how we move. A. These new forms of transport used different kinds of wheels to work. B. The wheel was the first big invention that changed transport. C. At first, people used wheels to make pottery, not for transport. D. In the late 1800s, the first modern car was built. E. People stopped using horses for transport after the wheel was invented. 参考答案 一、选词填空 1. pull 2. doubt 3. path 4. attach 5. increased 6.depend on 7. invention 8. trade 9. perfect 10. transport 二、适当形式填空 1. wheels 2. building 3. travelled 4. to send 5. development 6.machines 7. inventions 8. uses 9. international 10. easier 三、阅读理解 A 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. B 四、完形填空 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. C 6.B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. B 五、五选四 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $