Unit 4 Inventions Reading & Grammar 预习本 2025-2026学年沪教版英语八年级上册

8A Unit 4 Inventions Reading 1、 短语梳理 1. 蒸汽机车_ 2. 载人航天器_ 3. 寻找_ 4. 步行_ 5. 几个;若干_ 6. 发生;进行_ 7. 例如;比如_ 8. 大量的_ 9. 把....固定在......_ 10. 结果;因此_ 11. 不仅.而且....._ 12. 国际贸易_ 13. 依靠;依赖_ 14. 3D打印机_ 15. 毫无疑问_ 16. 自古以来;有史以来_ 17. 决定做某事_ 18. 继续做某事_ 19. 热气球_ 20. 在潮湿的天气_ 2、 重点句型 l. _ _ the wheel is the most important invention _ it has changed transportation around the world.我认为轮子是最重要的发明,因为它改变了世界各地的交通。 2. The wheel changed the way villages, towns and even countries _ _ with _ _, but it wasn’t perfect. 轮子改变了村庄、城镇甚至国家之间做生意的方式,但它并不完美。 3. _ _ _, the first roads _ _ stone appeared after the arrival of the wheel. 因此,在轮子出现之后,第一条石路出现了。 4. The wheel _ _ changed the way humans move, but it also _ us _ build _ _ _ amazing machines. 轮子不仅改变了人类的移动方式,还使我们能够建造各种令人惊叹的机器。 5. _ _, the wheel is _ _ the most important _ _ _ _. 毫无疑问,轮子是有史以来最重要的发明之一。 A 基础练习 (建议用时:20分钟) I. 按要求写出相应的单词。 1. central (名词)_ 2. depend (形容词)_ 3. international (名词)_ 4. attach (过去式)_ 5. doubt (形容词)_ II. 根据首字母提示写单词,完成句子。 6. A_ it rained heavily, we still finished the work on time. 7. Please a_ the stamp to the envelope before mailing the letter. 8. Children d_ on their parents for food and shelter when they are young. 9. The colorful b_ flew high in the sky during the festival. 10. The company has many i_ customers from different countries. III. 从下面各题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 ( ) 11. Mozart is one of the greatest musicians _. A. of all time B. by the time C. all the time D. over time ( ) 12. As we all known, more people get colds _ wet weather. A. on B. in C. under D. at ( ) 13. _ the teachers in their school is about 200 and _ them are women teachers. A. number of; a number of B. A number of; the number of C. The number of; a number of D. The number of; the number of ( ) 14. In autumn, the weather gets cooler and the green leaves start _ gold. A. to turning B. turned C. turn D. to turn ( ) 15. Did you know that China is one of _ in the world? A. the oldest countries B. older country C. the oldest country D. older countries IV. 根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词。 16. 许多人去森林里寻找珍稀植物。 Many people went to the forest _ _ _rare plants. 17. 我们周末通常步行去公园。We usually go to the park _ _on weekends. 18. 学校运动会将于下周五举行。The school sports meeting _ _ _ next Friday. 19. 他学习很努力,结果,他通过了考试。 He worked very hard, and _ _, he passed the exam. 20. 她不仅善良而且乐于助人。 She is _ _ kind _ _ helpful. 21. 植物生长依靠阳光和水。Plants _ _ sunlight and water to grow. 22. 毫无疑问,他是队里最好的球员。_ _, he is the best player in the team. 23. 比方说,左图中的碗和右图中碗的形状不完全一样。 _ _, the bowl in the picture on the left isn’t the same shape as the one on the right. B 拓展训练 (建议用时:15分钟) I. 用所给词的正确形式填空,完成句子。 1. There _ (be) a number of students in the library reading books. 2. They decided _ (take) a trip to Beijing during the holiday. 3. The little girl was excited to see the _ (balloon) rising into the air. 4. They _ (pull) the boat out of the water when the storm came. 5. The success of the project _ (depend) on everyone’s hard work. 6. After a short rest, he continued _ (do) his homework. 7. This meeting will be an important event in _ (internation) relations. 8. The workers are repairing the _ (wheel) of the old bicycle. II. 翻译句子 9. 我的玩具和你的一样多。 _10. 我认为轮子是有史以来最重要的发明因为它改变了人类的生活方式。 _ III. 主题阅读 Do you experience worse car sickness in electric cars than in petrol cars? You're not alone, and when it comes to self-driving cars, it may be even worse. When you read a magazine in a car, your eyes will tell your brain that the car is not moving. However, your brain will notice the shaking and turns that the car makes. This can confuse (迷惑) the mind and make you start to feel sick. As for electric cars, one-pedal (单踏板) driving is often said to cause feelings of car sickness. The driver steps on the pedal to go faster and takes their foot off the pedal to slow down. The way electric cars slow down with this system is faster than petrol cars, and that can make some people feel sick. Another new technology that can make people feel sick in cars is the larger and increasing number of screens inside the cars. These screens show too many things. That makes it hard for passengers to look outside, which can't help them know they're moving and can also make them feel sick. Unluckily, self-driving cars might be another _ _ for them. A study shows that as much as 12% of the US population may feel carsick while riding in self-driving cars. To solve these problems, car makers are improving their technology. For example, Japanese company Honda is trying to make their cars go without sudden stops and starts. We believe more and more people will enjoy riding in smarter cars in the future. ( ) 1. Why does the writer write Paragraph 2? A. To introduce new cars. B. To stop people reading in cars. C. To give a reason for car sickness. D. To tell the importance of safe driving. ( ) 2. What do we know about one-pedal driving electric cars? A. They are easy to drive. B. They are cheap to repair. C. They are dangerous for old people. D. They are friendly to people with car sickness. ( ) 3. What is the best word for “_ _”? A. Dream. B. Creation. C. Challenge. D. Prize. ( ) 4. What does the writer think of the future of riding in smarter cars? A. Uncertain. B. Bright. C. Interesting. D. Worrying. ( ) 5. What is the purpose of this passage? A. To advertise Honda's new technology. B. To compare electric cars with petrol cars. C. To introduce ways to get over car sickness. D. To discuss car sickness in relation to technology. 语法梳理 A. good, bad和far的比较级及最高级 本单元,我们将要学习good,bad和far 的比较级及最高级。这三个单词的比较级及最高级是特殊变化形式,没有规律可循,需要记忆。请看下表: 原级 比较级 最高级 good better best bad worse worst far farther / further farthest / furthest 注意:farther 和further 都是far 的比较级,两者的区别如下: farther 指距离或时间上“更远的(地)” further 指距离或时间上“更远的(地)”,可与farther互换 指程度上“更进一步;更深远” 例如: Guangzhou is farther / further from Beijing than Shanghai is. 比起上海,广州离北京更远。 We are waiting for the further report about the weather. 我们正在等待进一步的天气报道。 He studied much further in this subject than any other student in his class. 在这个学科上,他学得比班上其他学生深入得多了。 B. (not) as ... as as ... as 意为“和……一样”,表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个as 为副词,第二个as 为连词。其基本结构为as +形容词或副词原级+ as。例如: This game is as interesting as that one. 这个游戏和那个一样有趣。 其否定式为not as / so +形容词或副词原级+as,意为“不如……”。例如: This car is not as / so expensive as that one. 这辆轿车不如那辆贵。 若有修饰成分,如a quarter,half,twice,three times 等,则须置于第一个as 之前。例如: Your bag is twice as expensive as mine. 你的包比我的贵一倍。 A 基础练习 (建议用时: 15分钟) 一、选择最佳答案填空。 ( ) 1. The population of that city is three times _ than the small town’s. A. large B. larger C. largest D. the largest ( ) 2. This park is less _ than that one. A. wonderful B. more wonderful C. most wonderful D. the most wonderful ( ) 3. Of all the players, Jacky Chen plays _. A. good B. well C. better D. best ( ) 4. After taking this medicine, he got even _. A. bad B. badly C. worse D. worst ( ) 5. Melbourne is one of _ cities in the world. A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. most beautiful D. the most beautiful ( ) 6. I didn’t feel well yesterday. I feel even _ now. A. worse B. worst C. badly D. bad ( ) 7. Can you give us any _ advice on the programme? A. furthest B. farther C. further D. farthest ( ) 8. - Which colour do you like _, blue or green? - Green. A. best B. better C. good D. well ( ) 9. - Which is _ season in Beijing? - I think it is autumn. A. good B. well C. best D. the best ( ) 10. Tom is as _ as his brother. A. strong B. stronger C. strongest D. the strongest 二、根据中文意思完成句子。 11. 这本书和那本书一样有趣。 This book is _ _ _ that one. 12. 我没有他跑得快。 I can’t run _ _ _ him. B 拓展训练 (建议用时:10分钟) 一、单项选择 ( ) 1. - What do you plan to do after graduation? - I will go to Beijing for _ study. A. farther B. further C. furthest D. farthest ( ) 2. - Why is Britney not here? - She was ill yesterday, and got _ this morning. A. well B. better C. more ill D. worse ( ) 3. - It’s been a long time, Kevin. You've grown so tall! - Yeah, but still _ as my father. A. so tall B. not so tall C. taller D. as taller ( ) 4. - Jimmy runs _ as fast as Bob. - But Bob is faster. A. exactly B. so C. almost D. a little ( ) 5. - Who is _, you or Betty? - Betty is, and she is _ sister in the family. A. oldest, the older B. older, eldest C. elder, oldest D. older, the eldest ( ) 6. - My article is _ John’s. - Maybe you can learn from him. A. so good as B. as well as C. not as good as D.not as well as ( ) 7. - You failed in the exam again, Cindy. - I promise I will do _ next time. A. better B. best C. worse D. worst ( ) 8. - We have three bedrooms in my house for five family members. - What a coincidence! My house has _ yours. A. as much bedrooms as B. as much bedroom as C. as many bedroom as D. as many bedrooms as 二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 9. Sophie got a(n) _(good) mark this term than last term. 10. Even though the supermarket is _(far) from my house among all the supermarkets, it has the cheapest goods. 11. I can’t eat so much. Give me _(little) next time. 12. Peter is _(old) student in our class. 三、翻译下列句子。 13.汤姆犯的错误和我犯的一样多。 _ 14.这件连衣裙比那件贵一倍。 _ 15.他并不像比尔一样那么有钱。 _ 参考答案: 短语 1. steam locomotive 2. crewed spacecraft 3. in search of 4. on foot 5. a number of 6. take place 7. for instance 8. large amounts of 9. attach ... to ... 10. as a result 1l.not only .. but also 12.international trade 13. depend on 14. 3D printer 15. without doubt 16. of all time 17. decide to do sth. 18. continue doing sth. 19. hot-air ballon 20. in wet weather A 1. centre/center 2. dependent 3. internation 4. attached 5. doubtful 6. Although 7. attach 8. depend 9. ballon 10. international 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A 16. in search of 17. on foot 18. will take place 19. as a result 20. not only;but also 21. depend on 22. without doubt 23. For instance B 1. are 2. to take 3. balloons 4. were pulling 5. depends 6. doing 7. international 8. wheels 9. I have as many toys as you. 10. I think the wheel is the most important invention of all time because it changes the way people live. CACBD 语法 A 1-5 BADCD 6-10 ACBDA 11. as interesting as 12. as / so fast as B 1-5 BDBCD 6-8 CAD 9. better 10. the farthest / furthest 11. less 12. the oldest 13. Tom made as many mistakes as I did. 14. This dress is twice as expensive as that one. 15. He is not as rich as Bill. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$