Unit 1 The Changing World.（语法讲解及专练）-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册基础知识专项讲练（新教材人教版）

该初中英语讲义围绕Unit 1“The Changing World”，通过对比表格系统梳理一般过去时与现在完成时的核心知识，表格清晰呈现两种时态的用法、常见时间状语及肯定句、否定句、疑问句结构，结合实例直观揭示动作时间与影响的本质区别，构建清晰知识脉络。 讲义亮点在于分层练习设计，基础过关20道选择题聚焦时态标志词与语境判断，如“—My sister Tina ______ a lot these days”考查现在完成时；提升闯关结合语法填空强化语境运用，中考链接精选近3年真题，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。不同层次练习满足差异化需求，助力学生自主复习，为教师精准教学提供有效支持。

Unit 1 The Changing World. (语法讲练） 【知识讲解】 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别 时态 用法 常见时间状语/标志词 肯定句、否定句和一般疑问句结构 一般过去时 表示过去某个时间发生的行为或存在的状态 yesterday,...ago, just，now, last week/month/year等 (1)主语+was/were+其他. 　主语+was/were+not+其他. 　Was/Were+主语+其他？ (2)主语+动词的过去式+其他. 　主语+didn't+动词原形+其他. 　Did+主语+动词原形+其他？ 现在完成时 (1)表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响； (2)表示从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态 just, never, ever, already,so far, yet, since then, in the past few years, since+时间点，for+时间段等 主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他. 主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他. Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他？ Tony went to the bookshop last Sunday. 托尼上个星期天去了书店。（强调动作发生在过去) Tony has gone to the bookshop. 托尼去了书店。（强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响） 【注意】判断句子的时态时，除了依据句子的时间状语或标志词外，还可联系上下文或分析句意。 Daming isn't here. He's gone to Beijing.　大明不在这儿，他去了北京。 【同步检测】 基础过关 1．—My sister Tina ________ a lot these days. She used to dream of becoming a guide, but now she wants to be an astronaut. —Oh, I hope her dream can come true. A．has changed B．changed C．will change D．was changing 2．—________you ever ________to Beijing? —Yes, I ________there two years ago. A．Did; went; went B．Did; go; have been C．Have; been; went D．Have; been; have been 3．So far, more and more students ________ good learning habits by making plans. A．develop B．have developed C．developed D．will develop 4．Some students ________ their science projects for three weeks before the Campus Science and Technology Festival. A．prepared B．have prepared C．will prepare 5．Tina ________ a lot about Chinese painting since she started the course. A．learns B．learned C．will learn D．has learned 6．My cousin __________ in Beijing since 2018. He works as a teacher there. A．lives B．lived C．has lived D．will live 7．—Do you go out with Joey for dinner sometimes? —Well, we ______ dinner together before, but we ______ the time because of our work now. A．had; didn’t have B．had; haven’t got C．have; don’t have D．have; didn’t have 8．—What a lovely dog! How long ________ you ________ it? —For one week. My aunt ________ it to me as a gift last week. A．have; had; gave B．did; buy; gave C．have; bought; gave D．did; have; gives 9．—How beautiful our city is! —So it is, it ________ a lot in the past ten years. A．has changed B．will change C．changed D．is changing 10．—Where is your father, Tom? —He ________ the supermarket. He ________ there on foot. A．has been to; has gone B．has gone to; went C．has been to; went 11．—When ________ Peter ________ his hometown? —At the age of twelve. He ________ his hometown for nearly twenty years. A．has; left; has left B．did; leave; has been away from C．has; been away from; has left 12．Alan ________ his winter camp in Switzerland last week and it is the first time that he ________ his hometown to experience a foreign culture. A．left for; has left B．left; left C．left for; left D．left; has left 13．—Mike, where is your father? —He _________ to New York on business. He _________ the airport at five in the morning. A．has gone, left for B．has been, has gone C．has been, left for 14．—________ you ________ The Little Prince yet? —Yes. It’s a really interesting book. A．Have; read B．Did; read C．Will; read D．Do; read 15．—Would you like to watch the 3D film Nezha with me? —Certainly. I don’t mind seeing it again although I ________ it twice. A．saw B．was seeing C．have seen D．will see 16．My grandfather ________ for two weeks. A．has died B．died C．is dying D．has been dead 17．Judy ________ this toy bear in 2017. She ________ it for nine years. A．bought; has had B．bought; has bought C．has bought; has had D．has bought; had 18．—Are you a football player in your school? —Yes, I ________ the team two years ago. I ________ on the team for two years. A．have joined; was B．joined; was C．have joined; am D．joined; have been 19．—________ you ________ the movie Ne Zha 2 yet? —Yes. I ________ it with Jason the other day. A．Have; watched; watched B．Did; watch; watched C．Have; watched; have watched D．Did; watch; have watched 20．— ________ you ________ from your brother so far? —Yes, I ________ a letter from him yesterday. A．Have; heard; got B．Have; heard; have got C．Did; hear; got D．Did; hear; have got 提升闯关 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Last weekend, a group of students ________ (spend) an afternoon there for a study visit 2．After the speech, many young people ________ (decide) to become volunteers and they started training the next day. 3．Mike ________ (post) it last week, but it hasn’t arrived yet. 4．Jenny went to school late because she ________ (oversleep) this morning. 5．Henry, an exchange student in Wuxi, China, ________ (return) to London last week. 6．I ________ (finish) reading that novel yesterday. 7．So far, a lot of useful advice ________ (offer) to the students in Grade Eight. 8．Great changes ________ (take place) in the past ten years in my hometown. 9．Tom ________ (develop) a good reading habit since he entered a high school. 10．My sister ________ (live) in New York since 1960. 11．Scientists studied the effects of climate change on the ocean. They found that sea levels ________ (rise) steadily (逐渐地) in recent years. 12．Our teacher ________ (choose) Li Ming to be our class monitor last Monday. 13．Zhurong, China’s Mars explorer, ________ (land) safely on the red planet in May, 2021. 14．Last term, the school ________ (begin) a“Nature Relaxation Club” to help students relax. 15．We __________ (ride) bicycles to Georgetown yesterday afternoon. 16．I’m really happy that my hometown ________ (become) increasingly beautiful these days! 17．I’m surprised to find that the price of gold ________ (rise) by 30% recently. 18．— Why can you explain the English reading passage to your deskmate so clearly? —Because I ________ (read) it three times and fully understand its main idea. 19．The meeting ________(begin). Why are you still sitting here? 20．—Where is your father? —He ________ (go) to the Pioneer Park to take photos. 2、 语法填空 Mixue Bingcheng, a popular Chinese tea brand, is now making its way into the world. It started in Zhengzhou, Henan in 1997. Now you 1 (see) its stores almost everywhere in China and even abroad. Recently, Mixue 2 (become) popular on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in the US. With its famous snowman mascot (吉祥物) and low prices, it has quickly attracted many local customers. Last month, while people in America 3 (wait) in long lines outside its new store, they talked with each other excitedly about the new drinks. To suit American tastes, super - sweet drinks 4 (serve) by Mixue. Customers can even choose 200% sweetness. In fact, a young woman 5 (finish) a whole cup of 200% sweetness drink in just one minute last week, which surprised many people online. These days, many young people 6 (take) part in a “sweetness challenge” on social media. They enjoy 7 (share) their videos online while trying the super-sweet drinks. What’s more, Mixue keeps its low-price strategy (策略). A cup of lemonade (柠檬水) only 8 (cost) about 1 dollar, much cheaper than similar products from local brands. “If you haven’t tried their drinks yet, give it a go!” One customer said. Mixue has already achieved great success in other countries like Vietnam and Thailand. Next year, Mixue 9 (open) more stores in Europe. The company expects 10 (bring) the idea of affordable, high-quality products to more people around the world. 【中考链接】 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）—Peter, did you play table tennis with your friends after school yesterday? —No, I didn’t. We ________ vegetables in our school garden. A．water B．have watered C．watered D．are going to water 2．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）On the Dragon Boat Festival, my mother cooked delicious zongzi and ________ them on the plate. A．laid B．lay C．lain 3．（2025·天津·中考真题）The mobile phone ________ when I was making a cake with my mother. A．rang B．rings C．is ringing D．is going to ring 4．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）In China, hotpot has a history of over 1,000 years. It first ________ in the Mongolia area, and then became popular in the southern part of China. A．has appeared B．appears C．will appear D．appeared 5．（2025·四川攀枝花·中考真题）—Who is the one that knows AI best in our class? —Peter. He ________ classes on it for two years. A．takes B．took C．has taken D．is taking 6．（2023·四川广元·中考真题）—Tina, when did you come to Guangyuan? —Oh, many years ago. I ________ here since I was five. A．have gone B．have been C．was D．am 7．（2025·江苏镇江·中考真题）Our English teacher isn’t in the office now. She ________ the library. A．goes to B．has gone to C．will go to D．was going to 8．（2025·西藏·中考真题）I ________ some good friends since I came to this school. A．has made B．have made C．make D．made 9．（2025·四川凉山·中考真题）—China is taking action to help people manage their weight and lead healthier lives. —Yes. The government ________ a three-year “Weight Management Year” program already. A．started B．has started C．will start 10．（2025·北京·中考真题）Many international students ________ to visit our school since last year. A．are coming B．have come C．came D．will come 11．（2025·吉林长春·中考真题）The movie Ne Zha 2 ________ with the public since it came out. A．has been popular B．is popular C．was popular D．will be popular 12．（2025·福建·中考真题）Since last year, our school ________ free breakfasts to students in need. A．offered B．has offered C．was offering 13．（2025·云南·中考真题）The film Ne Zha 2 is worth seeing. I ________ it three times so far. A．have seen B．am going to see C．saw D．see 14．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）Most people agree that smart technology ________ a big part of society so far. A．become B．became C．has become D．is becoming 15．（2023·上海·中考真题）—Kitty, will you go to the flower show with me tomorrow? —Thank you for asking, but I ________ there already. A．had been B．was C．have been D．will be 16．（2024·四川·中考真题）I ________ movies since I first went to the cinema. A．love B．loved C．am loving D．have loved 17．（2024·四川广元·中考真题）Panda Yaya ________ to Beijing Zoo for over one year. She is taken good care of there. A．was back B．came back C．has come back D．has been back 18．（23-24八年级下·甘肃武威·期末）—Yunnan is very beautiful! I ________ there last year. —Yes! I ________ there twice. A．went; has gone B．went; have been C．have gone; went D．have been; went 19．（24-25七年级上·江苏南京·期末）—Do you go out with Joey for dinner sometimes? —Well, we often ________ dinner together at college, but we ________ the time because of our work now. A．had; didn’t have B．had; haven’t got C．have; don’t have D．have; didn’t have 20．（25-26九年级上·河南周口·期末）—When did you ________ the book to the library? —Yesterday afternoon. And I ________ it for three days. A．return; had borrowed B．return; had borrowed C．give back; had lent D．give back; had kept / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 The Changing World. (语法讲练） 【知识讲解】 一般过去时与现在完成时的区别 时态 用法 常见时间状语/标志词 肯定句、否定句和一般疑问句结构 一般过去时 表示过去某个时间发生的行为或存在的状态 yesterday,...ago, just，now, last week/month/year等 (1)主语+was/were+其他. 　主语+was/were+not+其他. 　Was/Were+主语+其他？ (2)主语+动词的过去式+其他. 　主语+didn't+动词原形+其他. 　Did+主语+动词原形+其他？ 现在完成时 (1)表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响； (2)表示从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态 just, never, ever, already,so far, yet, since then, in the past few years, since+时间点，for+时间段等 主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他. 主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他. Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他？ Tony went to the bookshop last Sunday. 托尼上个星期天去了书店。（强调动作发生在过去) Tony has gone to the bookshop. 托尼去了书店。（强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响） 【注意】判断句子的时态时，除了依据句子的时间状语或标志词外，还可联系上下文或分析句意。 Daming isn't here. He's gone to Beijing.　大明不在这儿，他去了北京。 【同步检测】 基础过关 1．—My sister Tina ________ a lot these days. She used to dream of becoming a guide, but now she wants to be an astronaut. —Oh, I hope her dream can come true. A．has changed B．changed C．will change D．was changing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我妹妹蒂娜这些天变化很大。她过去梦想成为一名导游，但现在她想成为一名宇航员。——哦，我希望她的梦想能成真。 根据“She used to dream of becoming a guide, but now she wants to be an astronaut.”可知，此处强调过去和现在的对比，表示已经发生了变化，用现在完成时，应填has changed。 2．—________you ever ________to Beijing? —Yes, I ________there two years ago. A．Did; went; went B．Did; go; have been C．Have; been; went D．Have; been; have been 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你曾经去过北京吗？——是的，我两年前去过那里。 考查现在完成时与一般过去时的用法。第一句询问“曾经去过”的经历，应用现在完成时，现在完成时态的结构为have/has+动词的过去分词，have been to表示“曾经去过”；第二句回答“two years ago”是一个表示过去的时间状语，所以应用一般过去时“went”，故选C。 3．So far, more and more students ________ good learning habits by making plans. A．develop B．have developed C．developed D．will develop 【答案】B 【详解】句意：到目前为止，越来越多的学生通过制定计划养成了良好的学习习惯。 考查现在完成时。develop养成，一般现在时；have developed已经养成，现在完成时；developed养成，一般过去时；will develop将养成，一般将来时。根据时间状语“So far”，可知动作从过去持续到现在并对现在有影响，应用现在完成时。故选B。 4．Some students ________ their science projects for three weeks before the Campus Science and Technology Festival. A．prepared B．have prepared C．will prepare 【答案】B 【详解】句意：一些学生在校园科技节前已经准备了他们的科学项目三周了。 考查现在完成时。prepared准备，一般过去时；have prepared准备，现在完成时；will prepare准备，一般将来时。根据时间状语“for three weeks”表示持续一段时间，且动作发生在“before the Campus Science and Technology Festival”之前，强调过去开始的动作持续到现在或对现在有影响，应用现在完成时。故选B。 5．Tina ________ a lot about Chinese painting since she started the course. A．learns B．learned C．will learn D．has learned 【答案】D 【详解】句意：蒂娜自从开始上这门课程以来，学到了很多关于中国画的知识。 考查动词时态。根据“since she started the course”可知，句子应用现在完成时，表示从过去开始持续到现在，并且可能持续下去的动作或状态，谓语结构是“have/has done”，主语Tina是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故选D。 6．My cousin __________ in Beijing since 2018. He works as a teacher there. A．lives B．lived C．has lived D．will live 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我表哥2018年以来一直住在北京，他在那里当老师。 lives一般现在时；lived一般过去时；has lived现在完成时；will live一般将来时。 “since 2018”表示从2018年持续到现在的动作或状态，需用现在完成时（have/has + 过去分词），应填has lived。   7．—Do you go out with Joey for dinner sometimes? —Well, we ______ dinner together before, but we ______ the time because of our work now. A．had; didn’t have B．had; haven’t got C．have; don’t have D．have; didn’t have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你有时会和乔伊出去吃晚餐吗？——嗯，我们以前一起吃过晚餐，但是现在因为工作我们没有时间了。 考查动词时态。根据“before”可知，第一空所在句描述的是过去发生的事情，所以第一空应该用一般过去时，即had；根据“now”可知，第二空所在句描述的是现在的情况，即现在因为工作没有时间一起吃饭了，所以第二空应该用现在完成时，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响，即haven’t got。故选B。 8．—What a lovely dog! How long ________ you ________ it? —For one week. My aunt ________ it to me as a gift last week. A．have; had; gave B．did; buy; gave C．have; bought; gave D．did; have; gives 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——多可爱的狗啊！你养它多久了？——一周了。我姑姑上周把它作为礼物送给了我。 考查现在完成时和一般过去时。根据答语中“For one week.”可知，此处表示动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时结构“have/has+过去分词”。在“How long”引导的特殊疑问句中，谓语动词须用延续性动词。buy是瞬间动词，不能与时间段连用，需用延续性动词have表示“拥有；饲养”。主语you为第二人称，助动词用have，谓语动词过去分词为had。故第一空用have；第二空用had。根据答语中时间状语“last week”可知，第三空处表示过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式gave。故选A。 9．—How beautiful our city is! —So it is, it ________ a lot in the past ten years. A．has changed B．will change C．changed D．is changing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们的城市真美啊！——确实如此，在过去的十年里它发生了很大的变化。 考查现在完成时。根据时间状语“in the past ten years”可知，城市的变化从过去开始持续到现在，强调动作的完成及其对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，谓语结构为“have/has done”。故选A。 10．—Where is your father, Tom? —He ________ the supermarket. He ________ there on foot. A．has been to; has gone B．has gone to; went C．has been to; went 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆，你爸爸在哪里？——他去超市了。他是步行去那里的。 考查现在完成时和一般过去时。第一空表示“去超市了（现在还没回来）”，用has gone to；第二空描述过去步行去那里的动作，用一般过去时went。故选B。 11．—When ________ Peter ________ his hometown? —At the age of twelve. He ________ his hometown for nearly twenty years. A．has; left; has left B．did; leave; has been away from C．has; been away from; has left 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Peter 什么时候离开他的家乡？——在十二岁时。他离开家乡将近二十年了。 考查时态和动词用法。第一空：根据答语“At the age of twelve”可知，这是过去的具体时间点，需用一般过去时，因此用“did; leave”。第二空：根据“for nearly twenty years”，这是时间段，需用现在完成时且动词为延续性动词。leave是瞬间动词，不能与for短语连用，其对应的延续性表达为“be away from”，因此用“has been away from”。故选B。 12．Alan ________ his winter camp in Switzerland last week and it is the first time that he ________ his hometown to experience a foreign culture. A．left for; has left B．left; left C．left for; left D．left; has left 【答案】A 【详解】句意：艾伦上周动身去了他的瑞士冬令营，这是他第一次离开家乡去体验外国文化。 考查动词短语及时态辨析。left for离开，动身去，动词过去式；has left已离开，现在完成时；left离开，动词过去式。根据“his winter camp in Switzerland last week”可知，第一空表示动身去往某地，且时态为过去时，故动词短语需用过去式；根据“it is the first time that”可知，that引导的从句需用现在完成时，强调过去的动作对现在的影响。故选A。 13．—Mike, where is your father? —He _________ to New York on business. He _________ the airport at five in the morning. A．has gone, left for B．has been, has gone C．has been, left for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——迈克，你爸爸在哪里？——他去纽约出差了。他早上五点就动身去机场了。 考查时态和动词短语。“has gone to”表示“去了某地（还没回来）”；“has been to”表示“曾经去过某地”；“left for”表示“动身去某地”。根据“Mike, where is your father?”可知第一空表示他去纽约出差了，说明爸爸去了纽约且尚未返回；第二空是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时left for表示“前往”。故选A。 14．—________ you ________ The Little Prince yet? —Yes. It’s a really interesting book. A．Have; read B．Did; read C．Will; read D．Do; read 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你已经读过《小王子》了吗？ ——是的。它真的是一本很有趣的书。 考查动词时态。句中“yet”常用于现在完成时的疑问句或否定句中，是现在完成时的标志性时间状语之一；因此这里需用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done；主语为“you”，助动词应用have，动词read的过去分词为read。故选A。 15．—Would you like to watch the 3D film Nezha with me? —Certainly. I don’t mind seeing it again although I ________ it twice. A．saw B．was seeing C．have seen D．will see 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你愿意和我一起看3D电影《哪吒》吗？ ——当然愿意。虽然我已经看过两次了，但我不介意再看一次。 考查动词时态。根据“twice”可知，“看电影”这一动作在过去发生过，且对现在有影响 ——我不介意再看一次，因此句子时态需用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done；主语为“I”，助动词需用have，动词see的过去分词为seen，即have seen。故选C。 16．My grandfather ________ for two weeks. A．has died B．died C．is dying D．has been dead 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我祖父已经去世两周了。 考查现在完成时与延续性动词的用法。结合“for two weeks.”可知，该句的时态是现在完成时，其结构为has/have done。“die”是非延续性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，需转化为“be dead”，且主语My grandfather为第三人称单数名词，所以这里要填has been dead，表示持续状态。故选D。 17．Judy ________ this toy bear in 2017. She ________ it for nine years. A．bought; has had B．bought; has bought C．has bought; has had D．has bought; had 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Judy在2017年买了这个玩具熊，她拥有它已经九年了。   考查时态。由第一空所在句中的时间状语“in 2017”可知，句子时态应用一般过去时，动词用过去式bought；由第二空所在句中的时间状语“for nine years”可知，第二句用现在完成时，且谓语动词应用延续性动词，buy是短暂性动词，其延续性动词为have，现在完成时的结构为“have/has+动词的过去分词”，主语“She”是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，因此第二空应填has had。故选A。 18．—Are you a football player in your school? —Yes, I ________ the team two years ago. I ________ on the team for two years. A．have joined; was B．joined; was C．have joined; am D．joined; have been 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你是你们学校的足球运动员吗？——是的，两年前我加入了足球队。我已经在队里两年了。 考查一般过去时和现在完成时时态。根据“two years ago”可知，动作发生在过去；根据“for two years”可知，第二个题空时态为现在完成时，现在完成时的谓语动词形式为have/has done。故选D。 19．—________ you ________ the movie Ne Zha 2 yet? —Yes. I ________ it with Jason the other day. A．Have; watched; watched B．Did; watch; watched C．Have; watched; have watched D．Did; watch; have watched 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你看过电影《哪吒2》吗？——是的。前几天我和杰森一起看的。 考查动词的时态。根据“...you...the movie Ne Zha 2 yet?”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其谓语部分结构为：have/has done。在疑问句中需要将助动词“have”提到主语“you”之前，watch“看”，其过去分词“watched”符合语境；根据“I...it with Jason the other day.”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应为动词过去式。故选A。 20．— ________ you ________ from your brother so far? —Yes, I ________ a letter from him yesterday. A．Have; heard; got B．Have; heard; have got C．Did; hear; got D．Did; hear; have got 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——到目前为止你有收到你兄弟的消息吗？—— 是的，我昨天收到了一封他的信。 考查动词时态。根据“so far”（到目前为止）可知，第一句需用现在完成时，结构是have done；根据“yesterday”（昨天）可知，第二句需用一般过去时，动词用过去式got。故选A。 提升闯关 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Last weekend, a group of students ________ (spend) an afternoon there for a study visit 【答案】spent 【详解】句意：上周末，一群学生在那里度过了一个下午进行学习参观。句中时间状语“Last weekend”（上周末），这是一个明确的过去时间标志词，表明句子描述的动作发生在过去，所以句子要用一般过去时。动词spend的过去式是spent，因此横线处应填spent。 2．After the speech, many young people ________ (decide) to become volunteers and they started training the next day. 【答案】decided 【详解】句意：演讲结束后，许多年轻人决定成为志愿者，并且他们第二天就开始训练了。decide“决定”，根据“started”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式，decide的过去式是decided。 3．Mike ________ (post) it last week, but it hasn’t arrived yet. 【答案】posted 【详解】句意：迈克上周寄出了它，但它还没到。时间状语“last week”表示过去的时间，句子应该用一般过去时。动词post的过去式是posted。 4．Jenny went to school late because she ________ (oversleep) this morning. 【答案】overslept 【详解】句意：珍妮今天早上上学迟到了，因为她睡过头了。句中“this morning”为过去的时间状语，主句谓语动词“went”为一般过去时，表明事情发生在过去，因此从句谓语也要使用一般过去时。oversleep为不规则动词，其过去式为overslept。 5．Henry, an exchange student in Wuxi, China, ________ (return) to London last week. 【答案】returned 【详解】句意：亨利是中国无锡的交换生，他上周回到了伦敦。句中“last week”（上周）是一般过去时的标志，“return”的过去式是“returned”，故填returned。 6．I ________ (finish) reading that novel yesterday. 【答案】finished 【详解】句意：我昨天读完那本小说。句中的时间状语“yesterday”是一般过去时的标志，表示动作发生在过去，谓语动词需要用过去式。finish是规则变化动词，过去式直接在词尾加-ed，故填finished。 7．So far, a lot of useful advice ________ (offer) to the students in Grade Eight. 【答案】has been offered 【详解】句意：到目前为止，已经给八年级的学生提供了很多有用的建议。 句中So far是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，表示动作从过去持续到现在。同时，主语a lot of useful advice与动词offer之间是被动关系（建议“被提供”），需用被动语态；又因advice是不可数名词，助动词用has。现在完成时被动语态结构为has/have been+过去分词，offer的过去分词为offered，故填has been offered。 8．Great changes ________ (take place) in the past ten years in my hometown. 【答案】have taken place 【详解】句意：在过去的十年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。take place“发生”，是不及物动词短语。根据“in the past ten years”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语“Great changes”是复数，所以助动词用have，take的过去分词是taken。 9．Tom ________ (develop) a good reading habit since he entered a high school. 【答案】has developed 【详解】句意：汤姆自从上高中以来，已经养成了良好的阅读习惯。句中的时间状语“since he entered a high school”是现在完成时的典型标志。本句主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has； develop的过去分词是developed，故填has developed。 10．My sister ________ (live) in New York since 1960. 【答案】has lived 【详解】句意：我姐姐从1960年起就住在纽约了。根据时间状语“since 1960”，句子需用现在完成时，主语是单数，live的现在完成时形式是has lived。 11．Scientists studied the effects of climate change on the ocean. They found that sea levels ________ (rise) steadily (逐渐地) in recent years. 【答案】have risen 【详解】句意：科学家们研究了气候变化对海洋的影响。他们发现，近年来海平面已经逐渐上升。句中有时间标志词in recent years“近年来”，表示从过去持续到现在的状态，主语“sea levels”为复数，所以这里用现在完成时“have risen”，表达海平面近年来一直在逐渐上升的含义。 12．Our teacher ________ (choose) Li Ming to be our class monitor last Monday. 【答案】chose 【详解】句意：我们老师上周三选李明当我们的班长。choose“选择”是动词，句中“last Monday”为过去的时间状语，句子时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式chose。 13．Zhurong, China’s Mars explorer, ________ (land) safely on the red planet in May, 2021. 【答案】landed 【详解】句意：中国的火星探测器“祝融号”于2021年5月安全着陆在这颗红色星球上。时间状语in May, 2021提示动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，所给词land的过去式为landed。 14．Last term, the school ________ (begin) a“Nature Relaxation Club” to help students relax. 【答案】began 【详解】句意：上学期，学校开设了一个“自然放松俱乐部”来帮助学生放松。句中“last term”表示过去时间，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词使用动词过去式，begin的过去式began。 15．We __________ (ride) bicycles to Georgetown yesterday afternoon. 【答案】rode 【详解】句意：昨天下午我们骑自行车去了乔治敦。句中“yesterday afternoon”为过去的时间状语，提示动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。ride的过去式为不规则变化rode，故填rode。 16．I’m really happy that my hometown ________ (become) increasingly beautiful these days! 【答案】has become 【详解】句意：我很高兴，我的家乡近来已经变得越来越美丽了。句中“these days”说明“家乡变美”是从过去持续到现在的变化，对现在造成了“我很开心”的结果，为现在完成时。主语“my hometown”是第三人称单数，助动词用has；动词become的过去分词还是原形become，故填has become。 17．I’m surprised to find that the price of gold ________ (rise) by 30% recently. 【答案】has risen 【详解】句意：我惊讶地发现，黄金的价格最近上涨了30%。根据时间状语 “recently”（最近）可知，动作发生在过去并持续到现在，应用现在完成时。主语 “the price of gold”为第三人称单数，助动词用“has”。“rise”是不及物动词，过去分词为“risen”。 18．— Why can you explain the English reading passage to your deskmate so clearly? —Because I ________ (read) it three times and fully understand its main idea. 【答案】have read 【详解】句意：——你为什么能把这篇英语阅读文章给同桌解释得这么清楚？——因为我已经读了三遍，完全理解了它的主旨。 根据语境，“读了三遍”这个动作对现在造成了“完全理解主旨”的影响，需用现在完成时（have/has+过去分词）。主语是I，助动词用have，read的过去分词仍为read，因此填have read。   19．The meeting ________(begin). Why are you still sitting here? 【答案】has begun 【详解】句意：会议已经开始了。你怎么还坐在这里？ 根据“Why are you still sitting here?”的语境，会议“开始”的动作已经完成且对现在有影响，所以用现在完成时，结构为“have/has + 过去分词”；主语“The meeting”是第三人称单数，故用“has”，“begin”的过去分词是“begun”，因此填has begun。 20．—Where is your father? —He ________ (go) to the Pioneer Park to take photos. 【答案】has gone 【详解】句意：——你爸爸在哪里？——他去先锋公园拍照了。根据问句“Where is your father?”可知，爸爸当前不在说话现场，即“去了某地还未回来”。英语中表示“去了某地（未回）”需用现在完成时结构“have/has gone to”。主语“He”是第三人称单数，助动词用“has”，“go”的过去分词为“gone”，因此空格处应填“has gone”。 2、 语法填空 Mixue Bingcheng, a popular Chinese tea brand, is now making its way into the world. It started in Zhengzhou, Henan in 1997. Now you 1 (see) its stores almost everywhere in China and even abroad. Recently, Mixue 2 (become) popular on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in the US. With its famous snowman mascot (吉祥物) and low prices, it has quickly attracted many local customers. Last month, while people in America 3 (wait) in long lines outside its new store, they talked with each other excitedly about the new drinks. To suit American tastes, super - sweet drinks 4 (serve) by Mixue. Customers can even choose 200% sweetness. In fact, a young woman 5 (finish) a whole cup of 200% sweetness drink in just one minute last week, which surprised many people online. These days, many young people 6 (take) part in a “sweetness challenge” on social media. They enjoy 7 (share) their videos online while trying the super-sweet drinks. What’s more, Mixue keeps its low-price strategy (策略). A cup of lemonade (柠檬水) only 8 (cost) about 1 dollar, much cheaper than similar products from local brands. “If you haven’t tried their drinks yet, give it a go!” One customer said. Mixue has already achieved great success in other countries like Vietnam and Thailand. Next year, Mixue 9 (open) more stores in Europe. The company expects 10 (bring) the idea of affordable, high-quality products to more people around the world. 【答案】 1．can see 2．has become 3．were waiting 4．are served 5．finished 6．are taking 7．sharing 8．costs 9．will open 10．to bring 【解析】本文介绍了中国茶饮品牌“蜜雪冰城”的发展历程及其全球化策略，重点描述了其在美国市场的成功、针对当地口味的调整以及低价策略。 1．句意：现在你几乎在中国各地甚至国外都能看到它的店铺。根据“Now”可知，此处表示现在的能力，应用情态动词can表示“能够”，后接动词原形see。 2．句意：最近，蜜雪冰城在美国好莱坞星光大道上变得受欢迎。根据“Recently”可知，句子时态应用现在完成时，表示过去的动作对现在的影响，主语“Mixue”是第三人称单数，助动词用has，后接过去分词become。 3．句意：上个月，当美国人在其新店外排长队时，他们兴奋地互相讨论着新饮品。根据“Last month”及语境可知，此处描述过去某个具体时间正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时，主语“people”是复数，助动词用were，后接现在分词waiting。 4．句意：为了迎合美国人口味，蜜雪冰城提供超甜饮品。主语“super-sweet drinks”与动词serve之间为被动关系，且描述一般事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are，后接过去分词served。 5．句意：事实上，上周一位年轻女子仅用一分钟就喝完了一整杯200%甜度的饮品，这让许多网友感到惊讶。根据“last week”可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式finished。 6．句意：如今，许多年轻人正在社交媒体上参与“甜度挑战”。根据“These days”可知，描述现阶段正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，主语“many young people”是复数，be动词用are，后接现在分词taking。 7．句意：他们喜欢在尝试超甜饮品的同时，在网上分享自己的视频。“enjoy”后接动词时，应用动名词形式作宾语，即enjoy doing sth.。故填sharing。 8．句意：一杯柠檬水仅需约1美元，远低于当地品牌同类产品。描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语“A cup of lemonade”是第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式costs。 9．句意：明年，蜜雪冰城将在欧洲开设更多门店。根据“Next year”可知，动作发生在将来，应用一般将来时，结构为will do。故填will open。 10．句意：该公司期望将物美价廉的产品理念带给全球更多消费者。“expect”后接动词时，通常用动词不定式作宾语，即expect to do sth.。故填to bring。 【中考链接】 1．（2025·北京·中考真题）—Peter, did you play table tennis with your friends after school yesterday? —No, I didn’t. We ________ vegetables in our school garden. A．water B．have watered C．watered D．are going to water 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——彼得，你昨天放学后和朋友们打乒乓球了吗？——不，我没有。我们在学校花园里浇了蔬菜。 考查动词时态。根据“after school yesterday”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应为一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故选C。 2．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）On the Dragon Boat Festival, my mother cooked delicious zongzi and ________ them on the plate. A．laid B．lay C．lain 【答案】A 【详解】句意：端午节，我妈妈做了美味的粽子，把它们摆放在盘子里。 考查动词辨析和时态。laid摆放，lay的过去式；lay平躺，lie的过去式/放置，动词原形；lain躺下，lie的过去分词。根据“them on the plate”可知是把粽子摆放在盘子里，根据“cooked”可知句子用一般过去时，故用lay的过去式laid。故选A。 3．（2025·天津·中考真题）The mobile phone ________ when I was making a cake with my mother. A．rang B．rings C．is ringing D．is going to ring 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我和妈妈正在做蛋糕时，手机响了。 考查动词的时态。根据“when I was making a cake with my mother”可知，此处强调正在做某事时突然发生另一件事，即我和妈妈正在做蛋糕时，手机响了，此处主句动作“响”表示过去某一时刻发生的短暂动作，故应用一般过去时rang。故选A。 4．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）In China, hotpot has a history of over 1,000 years. It first ________ in the Mongolia area, and then became popular in the southern part of China. A．has appeared B．appears C．will appear D．appeared 【答案】D 【详解】句意：在中国，火锅已有1000多年的历史。它首先出现在蒙古地区，然后在中国南方流行起来。 考查时态。根据“It first...in the Mongolia area”可知动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选D。 5．（2025·四川攀枝花·中考真题）—Who is the one that knows AI best in our class? —Peter. He ________ classes on it for two years. A．takes B．took C．has taken D．is taking 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我们班谁最了解人工智能？——彼得。他已经上这门课两年了。 根据“for two years”，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时，结构是have/has done。 6．（2023·四川广元·中考真题）—Tina, when did you come to Guangyuan? —Oh, many years ago. I ________ here since I was five. A．have gone B．have been C．was D．am 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——蒂娜，你什么时候来的广元？——哦，很多年前了。我从五岁起就一直在这里。 考查动词时态。根据“since”可知句子应用现在完成时；have gone to去了某地，还未回来；have been in待在某地。根据“here since I was five.”可知此处表示一直待在那里，用have been in，空后是地点副词here，省略介词in。故选B。 7．（2025·江苏镇江·中考真题）Our English teacher isn’t in the office now. She ________ the library. A．goes to B．has gone to C．will go to D．was going to 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们的英语老师现在不在办公室。她去图书馆了。 考查动词时态。根据“Our English teacher isn’t in the office now”可知，“去图书馆”的动作发生在过去，且对现在造成了“不在办公室”的影响，需用现在完成时；“has gone to” 符合“去了未回”的语境。故选B。 8．（2025·西藏·中考真题）I ________ some good friends since I came to this school. A．has made B．have made C．make D．made 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自从我来到这所学校以来，我交了一些好朋友。 考查时态。根据“since I came to this school”可知句子用现在完成时have/has done，主语是I，助动词用have。故选B。 9．（2025·四川凉山·中考真题）—China is taking action to help people manage their weight and lead healthier lives. —Yes. The government ________ a three-year “Weight Management Year” program already. A．started B．has started C．will start 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——中国正在采取行动帮助人们控制体重，过上更健康的生活。——是的。政府已经开始了为期三年的“体重管理年”计划。 考查时态。started一般过去时；has started现在完成时；will start一般将来时。根据“already”可知，政府已经开始了为期三年的“体重管理年”计划，本句应使用现在完成时。故选B。 10．（2025·北京·中考真题）Many international students ________ to visit our school since last year. A．are coming B．have come C．came D．will come 【答案】B 【详解】句意：自去年以来，许多国际学生来参观我们学校。 考查动词时态。根据“since last year”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，结构是have/has done。故选B。 11．（2025·吉林长春·中考真题）The movie Ne Zha 2 ________ with the public since it came out. A．has been popular B．is popular C．was popular D．will be popular 【答案】A 【详解】句意： 电影《哪吒2》自上映以来一直受到公众的欢迎。 考查现在完成时。根据“since it came out”可知，句子描述的是从过去某一时间点开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，并且有可能继续持续下去，因此需要使用现在完成时态，has been popular表示“一直受欢迎”。故选A。 12．（2025·福建·中考真题）Since last year, our school ________ free breakfasts to students in need. A．offered B．has offered C．was offering 【答案】B 【详解】句意：从去年开始，我们学校就为贫困学生提供免费早餐了。 考查现在完成时。根据“Since last year”可知，此处应使用现在完成时。故选B。 13．（2025·云南·中考真题）The film Ne Zha 2 is worth seeing. I ________ it three times so far. A．have seen B．am going to see C．saw D．see 【答案】A 【详解】句意：电影《哪吒2》值得一看。到目前为止我已经看过三次了。 考查现在完成时。由“so far”可知，句子应用现在完成时。故选A。 14．（2024·江苏南京·中考真题）Most people agree that smart technology ________ a big part of society so far. A．become B．became C．has become D．is becoming 【答案】C 【详解】句意：大多数人都认为到目前为止，智能技术已经成为社会的重要组成部分。 考查时态。根据“so far”可知句子用现在完成时have/has done。故选C。 15．（2023·上海·中考真题）—Kitty, will you go to the flower show with me tomorrow? —Thank you for asking, but I ________ there already. A．had been B．was C．have been D．will be 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——基蒂，明天你愿意和我一起去看花展吗？——谢谢你的邀请，但我已经去过那里了。 考查现在完成时。根据“already”可知，时态是现在完成时have/has done，表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。故选C。 16．（2024·四川·中考真题）I ________ movies since I first went to the cinema. A．love B．loved C．am loving D．have loved 【答案】D 【详解】句意：自从我第一次去电影院以来，我就喜欢上了电影。 考查时态。根据“since I first went to the cinema.”可知主句用现在完成时“have/has done”。故选D。 17．（2024·四川广元·中考真题）Panda Yaya ________ to Beijing Zoo for over one year. She is taken good care of there. A．was back B．came back C．has come back D．has been back 【答案】D 【详解】句意：熊猫丫丫已经回到北京动物园一年多了。她在那里受到很好的照顾。 考查现在完成时。根据“for over one year”可知，本句应用现在完成时，排除AB；和一段时间连用，现在完成时的谓语动词需要是延续性动词，come是短暂性动词，排除C。故选D。 18．（23-24八年级下·甘肃武威·期末）—Yunnan is very beautiful! I ________ there last year. —Yes! I ________ there twice. A．went; has gone B．went; have been C．have gone; went D．have been; went 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——云南非常美丽！我去年去过那里。——是的！我去过那里两次。 根据“last year”可知，第一空所在句是一般过去时，动词用过去式went，排除选项C和选项D；根据“twice”可知，第二空所在句用现在完成时，have been to表示“去过某地（已经回来）”，have gone to表示“去了某地（还未回来）”，结合语境可知，此处表示去过两次，且已经回来，所以用have been。 19．（24-25七年级上·江苏南京·期末）—Do you go out with Joey for dinner sometimes? —Well, we often ________ dinner together at college, but we ________ the time because of our work now. A．had; didn’t have B．had; haven’t got C．have; don’t have D．have; didn’t have 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你有时和乔伊出去吃晚饭吗？——嗯，我们上大学时经常一起吃饭，但现在因为工作我们没有时间。 考查动词时态。根据“at college”可知，第一个空描述过去上大学时经常发生的动作，用一般过去时had；根据“now”可知，第二个空描述现在没有时间的状态，用一般现在时，“have got”意为“有，拥有”，主要用于一般现在时，根据句意，现在因为工作没有时间，所以应使用其否定形式haven’t got（意为“没有”）。故选B。 20．（25-26九年级上·河南周口·期末）—When did you ________ the book to the library? —Yesterday afternoon. And I ________ it for three days. A．return; had borrowed B．return; had borrowed C．give back; had lent D．give back; had kept 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你什么时候把书还回图书馆的？——昨天下午。而且我已经借了三天了。 return归还；keep持有，是延续性动词，可与时间段连用；give back归还；borrow借入，为非延续性动词，不能与时间段连用；lend借出，为非延续性动词，不能与时间段连用。第一空，根据句意，问的是“还书”的时间，四个选项均可表示“归还”；第二空，根据“for three days”表示一段时间，需用延续性动词。故选D。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $