Unit 5 Natual disasters 单元话题阅读套餐练 -八年级英语下册单元整体优化精准练（新教材沪教版五四制）

Unit 5 Natual disaster单元话题阅读套餐练 选材聚焦本单元话题，语篇以不同题型呈现，兼顾多种文本体裁，难度适中。 语法选择 A.根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 Preparing for natural disasters Natural disasters like earthquakes and floods can happen suddenly, so knowing how 1 for them is important. It’s hard to predict 2 a disaster will strike your area, but being ready helps you avoid danger. Last year, a small town in Sichuan had a flood. Local people said 3 scary it was when the water rose quickly. But those who 4 the disaster tips stayed safe. For example, Mr. Li moved his family to higher ground as soon as he 5 the warning. If you live in an area with frequent storms, remember 6 all windows before the storm comes. You should also learn 7 to use a fire extinguisher, just in case. Many schools teach students about disaster safety, and students say 8 these lessons help them feel more confident. 9 important it is to stay calm during a disaster! Panic can make things worse. No matter 10 the disaster is, following safety rules can save lives. 1．A．prepare B．to prepare C．preparing 2．A．what B．how C．whether 3．A．how B．what C．what a 4．A．follow B．followed C．will follow 5．A．hears B．heard C．is hearing 6．A．to close B．closing C．close 7．A．how B．what C．that 8．A．if B．that C．why 9．A．What B．How C．What an 10．A．what B．when C．where 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，强调了为自然灾害提前做准备的重要性。 1．句意：像地震和洪水这样的自然灾害可能会突然发生，因此了解如何做好应对准备非常重要。 prepare准备，动词原形；to prepare准备，动词不定式；preparing准备，动名词。空格前为疑问词“how”，故此处应用“疑问词+动词不定式”的固定结构，整体相当于一个名词短语，在句中作宾语。故选B。 2．句意：虽然很难预测灾难是否会降临到你的所在地区，但做好准备能帮助你避免危险。 what什么；how怎么样；whether是否。动词“predict”（预测）后接宾语从句，表示不确定性，需用“whether”（是否）引导。故选C。 3．句意：当地居民说，洪水迅速上涨的时候场面非常可怕。 how引导的感叹句后接形容词或副词；what后接不可数名词或复数名词短语；what a后接单数名词短语。此空格考查感叹句结构，修饰形容词“scary”（可怕的），需用“how”表示“多么”。故选A。 4．句意：但那些遵循了救灾建议的人却安然无恙。 follow遵循，动词原形；followed遵循，动词过去式；will follow遵循，一般将来时。根据语境可知，此处是描述过去事件（去年的洪水），定语从句需用过去时，动词follow应用过去式。故选B。 5．句意：比如，李先生一听到警报就带着家人转移到了地势较高的地方。 hears听见，动词第三人称单数形式；heard听见，动词过去式；is hearing听见，现在进行时。“as soon as”（一……就）引导时间状语从句，主句“moved”为过去时，从句也需用过去时，动词hear应用过去式。故选B。 6．句意：如果你居住在经常遭受暴风雨侵袭的地区，请记得在暴风雨来临前将所有窗户关上。 to close关闭，动词不定式；closing关闭，动名词；close关闭，动词原形。remember后接动词不定式to do表示“记得要去做某事”（未发生）。选项A“to close”（关窗）正确，强调动作未完成。故选A。 7．句意：此外，你还应该学习如何使用灭火器，以防万一。 how怎么样；what什么；that引导从句时无实际意义。该空格考查“learn how to do something”（学习如何做某事）的固定搭配，故应用疑问词how，故选A。 8．句意：许多学校都会向学生传授灾害安全知识，学生们表示这些课程让他们更有信心了。 if是否，引导宾语从句时，表示不确定的概念；that引导从句时无实际意义；why为什么。根据句子结构，动词“say”后接宾语从句，此处应用“that”引导陈述句内容。故选B。 9．句意：在灾难发生时保持冷静是多么重要啊！ What后接不可数名词或名词复数形式；How后接形容词或副词；What an后接可数名词单数形式。空格处所在句子是感叹句，结构为“…important it is…”，修饰形容词用“How”，故选B。 10．句意：无论灾难是什么，遵循安全规则都能拯救生命。 what什么；when什么时候；where哪里。短语“no matter what”是固定搭配，表示“无论什么”，引导让步状语从句，故选A。 B.根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 Typhoons are one of the most dangerous natural disasters in coastal areas. Last summer, a strong typhoon 11 our city suddenly. Before it arrived, the weather forecast 12 people to stay at home and close all windows tightly. When the typhoon came, the wind blew so 13 that many street signs fell down, and the rain poured heavily. Many big trees 14 by the wind. Some roads were blocked, so cars 15 pass through. A little girl was trapped in her house alone when a kind volunteer 16 and helped her get to a safe place. After the typhoon, the sun came out the next morning. People worked together 17 the mess. Many people found that their houses 18 by the strong wind. The government provided food and water for 19 who lost their homes. Although the typhoon caused much damage, 20 people got hurt because of the timely preparation. We learned that it’s important to follow the disaster safety rules before a typhoon comes. 11．A．hit B．hits C．will hit 12．A．warned B．had warned C．was warning 13．A．strongly B．strong C．stronger 14．A．were blown down B．blew down C．blow down 15．A．shouldn’t B．couldn’t C．mustn’t 16．A．was passing by B．passed by C．had passed by 17．A．clean up B．to clean up C．cleaning up 18．A．had been destroyed B．was destroyed C．destroyed 19．A．those B．that C．this 20．A．few B．a few C．little 【答案】 11．A 12．B 13．A 14．A 15．B 16．B 17．B 18．A 19．A 20．A 【导语】本文讲述了去年夏天一场强台风袭击城市的过程，以及台风过后人们团结清理、政府提供援助的情况，强调了遵守安全规则的重要性。 11．句意：去年夏天，一场强台风突然袭击了我们的城市。 时间状语“Last summer”表示过去时间，空格处需填一般过去时的谓语动词。hit是过去式，意为“袭击”，符合语法要求。 12．句意：在它到来之前，天气预报已经警告人们待在家里并紧闭所有窗户。 动作发生在台风到来之前，即“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。had warned是过去完成时，表示在台风到来之前已经发出警告，符合语境。 13．句意：台风来临时，风刮得如此猛烈，许多路牌被吹倒，而且雨下得非常猛烈。 空格修饰动词“blew”，应用副词形式。strongly是副词，意为“猛烈地”，符合语法要求。 14．句意：许多大树被风刮倒了。 主语“Many big trees”与谓语“blow down”之间为被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情。were blown down是一般过去时的被动语态，意为“被吹倒”，符合语境。 15．句意：一些道路被堵塞，所以汽车无法通过。 道路被堵导致汽车“不能”通过，表示能力上的不可能。couldn’t意为“不能”，表示过去的能力不可能，符合语境。 16．句意：一个小女孩独自被困在家里，这时一位好心的志愿者路过并帮助她到了安全的地方。 句子描述过去发生的动作，且“and helped”为并列谓语，时态应一致。passed by是一般过去时，意为“路过”，符合语境。 17．句意：台风过后，人们一起清理混乱的现场。 空格在“worked together”后作目的状语，表示“为了清理”，应用动词不定式。to clean up是不定式，作目的状语，符合语法。 18．句意：许多人发现他们的房屋被强风摧毁了。 房屋被摧毁发生在发现之前，即“过去的过去”，且主语“houses”与谓语“destroy”之间为被动关系。had been destroyed是过去完成时的被动语态，符合语境。 19．句意：政府为那些失去家园的人提供了食物和水。 空格在介词“for”后作宾语，且指代“失去家园的人”，应用指示代词。those意为“那些人”，可以指代复数名词，符合语境。 20．句意：虽然台风造成了很大破坏，但由于及时的准备，几乎没有人受伤。 空格修饰“people”，表示“几乎没有”，且“people”是可数名词复数。few意为“几乎没有”，表示否定意义，符合语境。 C.根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 Forest Fires: Danger and Prevention Forests are often called the “lungs of the Earth”. They provide us with fresh air and homes for animals. However, every year, huge areas of green forest turn into black ash. Forest fires are one of 21 disasters. While lightning can start a fire, most wildfires are caused by humans. A small spark can cause a huge disaster. For example, a cigarette thrown out of a car window or a campfire left 22 can destroy thousands of trees. 23 a fire spreads, it moves very fast. Animals have to run for their lives, but many cannot escape. It is a sad scene 24 . We must learn how to prevent this. First, never play with matches or lighters in the woods. Second, if you see smoke, call the fire department immediately. Firefighters are brave people 25 risk their lives to save nature. They often work for days without rest to stop the flames. Last summer, a fire broke out near my town. The sky turned orange, and the air was full of smoke. I felt 26 because the fire was getting closer to our house. Luckily, the wind changed direction, and rain started to fall. The rain helped put out the fire. Since then, I 27 more careful about fire safety. Protecting the forest is protecting 28 . We should follow the rules when we go camping. 29 rubbish, especially glass bottles, in the forest is dangerous because glass can focus sunlight and start a fire. 30 everyone follows the rules, our forests will stay green and safe. 21．A．terrible B．more terrible C．the most terrible 22．A．to burn B．burnt C．burning 23．A．Once B．Before C．Unless 24．A．see B．to see C．seeing 25．A．who B．which C．whom 26．A．to scare B．scaring C．scared 27．A．become B．have become C．became 28．A．us B．our C．ourselves 29．A．Leave B．Leaving C．Left 30．A．If B．Although C．But 【答案】 21．C 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．A 26．C 27．B 28．C 29．B 30．A 【导语】本文讲述了森林火灾的危害及预防措施，强调人类活动是主要诱因，呼吁遵守防火规则保护森林。 21．句意：森林火灾是最可怕的灾难之一。 terrible可怕的，原级；more terrible更可怕的，比较级；the most terrible最可怕的，最高级。固定搭配“one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”表示“最……的……之一”，故选C。 22．句意：例如，从车窗扔出的香烟或者未熄灭的篝火就可能毁掉成千上万的树木。 to burn不定式；burnt过去分词；burning现在分词或动名词。此处现在分词表示主动含义，火是自行燃烧的，故选C。 23．句意：一旦火灾蔓延开来，它会迅速扩散。 Once一旦；Before在……之前；Unless除非。根据“a fire spreads, it moves very fast.”可知，火一旦蔓延，就会迅速扩散，故选A。 24．句意：这是令人痛心的场景。 see动词原形；to see不定式；seeing动名词或现在分词。此处是不定式作后置定语，修饰scene，故选B。 25．句意：消防员是勇敢的人，他们冒着生命危险去拯救大自然。 who指代人；which指代物；whom指代人，且只能作宾语。此处是定语从句的关系代词，先行词是people，且在从句中作主语，用who，故选A。 26．句意：我感到非常害怕，因为火势正逼近我们的房子。 to scare使害怕，不定式；scaring令人害怕的，形容词；scared感到害怕的，形容词。此处是形容词作表语，且描述人的主观感受，用scared，故选C。 27．句意：从那以后，我更加注意防火安全了。 become一般现在时；have become现在完成时；became一般过去时。根据时间状语“Since then”可知需用现在完成时，故选B。 28．句意：保护森林就是保护我们自己。 us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；ourselves我们自己，反身代词。根据“ Protecting the forest is protecting”可知，强调保护“自身”，用反身代词，故选C。 29．句意：将垃圾，尤其是玻璃瓶，留在森林里是危险的，因为玻璃能够聚集阳光从而引发火灾。 Leave原形；Leaving动名词或现在分词；Left过去分词。此处是主语，需用动名词作主语，故选B。 30．句意：如果每个人都遵守规则，我们的森林就会保持绿色且安全。 If如果；Although尽管；But但是。根据“everyone follows the rules, our forests will stay green and safe.”可知，引导条件状语从句用“如果”，故选A。 选词填空 A.根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 注意：每个单词或短语只能用一次，有一个单词或短语是多余的。 rescue;  hero;  thank;  successful;  plenty of Yesterday, a big rainstorm hit our city. The heavy rain made the river nearby get flooded. 1 people were trapped (困住) in their homes. Help came quickly. The firefighters and volunteers used boats to reach people’s homes. The water was very deep and dirty. But the 2 were brave. They tried their best to save every life. One of them said, “We must 3 people who are in danger as soon as possible, no matter how difficult the conditions are.” They beat the flood by working as a team. They saved many families and pets 4 . All the people were very 5 . Nature may bring disasters, but human hearts bring comfort. 【答案】1．Plenty of 2．heroes 3．rescue 4．successfully 5．thankful 【导语】本文讲述了暴雨引发洪水后，消防员和志愿者救援被困人员的故事，展现了人性的温暖与力量。 1．句意：许多人被困在了他们的家中。“… people were trapped in their homes”，句中需要修饰people的词，结合暴雨洪水的语境，应表示“许多”；备选词plenty of意为“大量的、许多的”，可修饰可数名词复数，符合语境。 2．句意：但是英雄们很勇敢。“But the … were brave”，文章提到消防员和志愿者努力救人，此处需要表示人物的复数名词；备选词hero意为“英雄”，复数形式heroes符合语境。 3．句意：我们必须尽快营救处于危险中的人们，无论环境多么艰难。“We must … people who are in danger as soon as possible”，句中must后需接动词原形，结合救援的语境，应表示“营救”；备选词rescue意为“营救、救援”，符合语境。 4．句意：他们成功地拯救了许多家庭和宠物。“They saved many families and pets …”，句中需要修饰动词saved的副词，表示“成功地”；备选词successful的副词形式successfully符合语境。 5．句意：所有人都非常感激。“All the people were very …”，句中需要形容词作表语，结合被救援的语境，应表示“感激的”；备选词thank的形容词形式thankful符合语境。 B.根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 注意：每个单词或短语只能用一次，有一个单词或短语是多余的。 A．powerful      B．prepare for      C．damage      D．suddenly     E.However Typhoons are among the most 6 weather systems in the world. These huge storms form over warm ocean waters and can span hundreds of kilometres. The strong winds and heavy rainfall they bring often cause serious 7 to coastal areas, including flooding, landslides, and destruction of buildings. Weather conditions can change 8 when a typhoon approaches. The sky may darken quickly, winds grow stronger minute by minute, and rain begins to pour heavily. This is why it’s crucial to monitor weather updates during typhoon season. 9 , with proper knowledge and preparation, we can significantly reduce the risks. Before typhoon season begins, families should discuss emergency plans and assemble disaster supply kits. During a typhoon, it’s safest to stay indoors, away from windows, and if authorities recommend evacuation, we should follow their advice promptly. 【答案】6．A 7．C 8．D 9．E 【导语】本文讲述了台风的相关信息，包括其强大、造成的破坏、天气变化情况以及应对台风的正确做法。 6．句意：台风是世界上最强大的天气系统之一。among the most后接形容词原级，构成最高级结构，powerful意为“强大的”，符合描述台风威力的语境。 7．句意：它们带来的强风和暴雨常常给沿海地区造成严重破坏。cause后接名词作宾语，damage意为“破坏”，符合强风和暴雨对沿海地区造成影响的语境。 8．句意：当台风接近时，天气状况可能会突然变化。change是动词，需用副词修饰，suddenly意为“突然地”，符合天气在台风接近时快速变化的语境。 9．句意：然而，有了正确的知识和准备，我们可以显著降低风险。前文描述台风的危害，后文说降低风险，前后是转折关系，However意为“然而”，符合语境。 C.根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 注意：每个单词或短语只能用一次，有一个单词或短语是多余的。 A．suffered from  B．because  C． plenty of  D．reached  E. because of In the summer of 2024, a terrible heatwave hit many countries in Europe, including France, Spain and Italy. The temperature in some areas 10 45 degrees Celsius, which was much higher than the average temperature in previous years. This extreme weather caused a lot of problems for people’s daily lives and the environment. Due to the high temperature, many old people and children 11 heat-related illnesses. Local hospitals were crowded with patients. Farmers also faced big troubles—their crops dried up 12 the lack of rain, and some farm animals died from the heat. Besides, the heatwave increased the risk of wildfires. Several forests in southern Europe caught fire, destroying lots of trees and wildlife habitats. To deal with the heatwave, governments advised people to stay indoors during the hottest hours of the day and drink 13 water. Many public places, such as libraries and community centres, turned on air conditioners for free to help people cool down. Volunteers also helped deliver water and food to the elderly who couldn’t go out easily.  Experts said that such extreme heatwaves might become more frequent due to climate change, so it’s important for everyone to protect the environment. 【答案】10．D 11．A 12．E 13．C 【导语】本文讲述了2024年夏天欧洲多国遭遇严重热浪，高温带来诸多问题，以及当地政府和志愿者采取的应对措施，专家呼吁保护环境以应对极端天气。 10．句意：一些地区的气温达到了45摄氏度，远高于往年平均气温。根据“The temperature in some areas...45 degrees Celsius”可知，此处表示温度“达到”某一数值，描述过去发生的事件用一般过去时，选项D“reached”意为“达到”，为过去式，符合语境。 11．句意：由于高温，许多老人和孩子患上了与高温相关的疾病。根据“heat-related illnesses”可知，此处表示“患病”，时态是一般过去时，选项A“suffered from”意为“遭受，患（病）”，其中“suffered”为过去式，符合语境。 12．句意：农民们也遇到了大麻烦——由于缺少雨水，他们的庄稼干枯了，一些农场动物也因酷热而死亡。“the lack of rain”是名词短语，表示“缺少雨水”，是农作物干枯的原因。选项E“because of”意为“由于，因为”，后接名词或名词短语，符合语境。选项B“because”意为“因为”，后接句子，故排除。 13．句意：为了应对热浪，政府建议人们在一天中最热的时段待在室内，并多喝水。根据“To deal with the heatwave”可知，喝大量的水是应对高温天气的方法之一，选项C“plenty of”意为“大量的”，可修饰不可数名词“water”。 完形填空 Choose the best answer and complete the passage (A) Every year, thousands of people’s lives are affected by disasters. This week, in News Magazine a disaster survivor, Fiona Jones, tell us her stories. NW: Fiona, you were in a cyclone(飓风). 1 was that? FJ: In north Australian, in Normanton. That’s where I live. NW: What did you do when the cyclone arrived? FJ: We all stayed inside, in the basement, because that’s the safest place. We could hear the   2 coming closer and closer. The noise was awful. At one point there was a really         loud noise. I thought: ‘That’s it! It’s going to destroy the house!’ I was shaking. NW: And what happened after the cyclone? FJ: There were terrible floods. More than 360 millimetres of rain came down in just twenty-four hours. The army had to bring food and water to the whole area by plane and helicopter. The 3 thing was that waves from the coast and rivers flooded the land and carried three crocodiles(鳄鱼) to near my house! One of my neighbours hit a crocodile with his car – it was 1.6 metres long.   NW: Really? That’s unbelievable! So is everything back to normal again now? FJ: Not really. The floods have gone, but they destroyed a lot of homes and farms. It’s going to cost at least 110 million dollars to 4 this damage. NW: So is the weather 5 this bad? FJ: No, but this summer was very hot. If it stays hot , there will probably be another cyclone. All the experts say that the extreme temperatures and heavy rain will only 6 because of climate change. 1．A．What B．Where C．Why D．How 2．A．plane B．soldiers C．storm D．animals 3．A．strangest B．easiest C．most exciting D．most powerful 4．A．cause B．suffer C．protect D．repair 5．A．exactly B．usually C．actually D．especially 6．A．drop B．last C．increase D．pour 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．C 【分析】文章大意：本文是一篇访谈，根据记者和幸存者的对话，展示了飓风后的幸存者生活的地方以及当时发生灾难的场景。 1．句意：它在哪发生的？ 本题考查疑问词辨析，A. What意为“什么”；B. Where意为“在哪”；C. Why意为“为什么”；D. How意为“怎么样”，根据答句In north Australian, in Normanton.可知是地点，故答案选B。 2．句意：我们能听到暴风雨越来越近了。 本题考查名词辨析，A. plane意为“飞机”；B. soldiers意为“士兵”；C. storm意为“暴风雨”；D. animals意为“动物”，根据前文说cyclone(飓风)，可知是暴风雨，故答案选C。 3．句意：最奇怪的是，来自海岸和河流的海浪淹没了陆地，并把三条鳄鱼（鳄鱼）带到我家附近。 本题考查形容词辨析，A. strangest意为“最奇怪的”；B. easiest意为“最容易的”；C. most exciting意为“最兴奋的”；D. most powerful意为“最有力的”，根据所给空后面的carried three crocodiles(鳄鱼) to near my house“把三条鳄鱼带到了我家附近”可知是最奇怪的，故答案选A。 4．句意：修复这个损坏至少要花费1.1亿美元。 本题考查动词辨析，A. cause意为“导致”；B. suffer意为“遭受”；C. protect意为“保护”；D. repair意为“修复”，根据所给空前面的句子It’s going to cost at least 110 million dollars“花费1.1亿美元”可知是修复损失，故答案选D。 5．句意：那么天气通常是这么糟糕吗？ 本题考查副词辨析，A. exactly意为“准确地”；B. usually意为“通常地”；C. actually“事实上”；D. especially意为“尤其”，根据答句No, but this summer was very hot.“不，但是今年夏天很热。”，可知问的是天气通常都会这么糟糕吗？故答案选B。 6．句意：所有专家都说，极端温度和大雨只会因为气候变化而增加。 本题考查动词辨析，A. drop意为“下降”；B. last意为“持续”；C. increase意为“增加”；D. pour意为“倾泻”，根据前句No, but this summer was very hot. If it stays hot , there will probably be another cyclone.“不，但是今年夏天很热。如果天气持续炎热，可能还会有另一个气旋。”可知气候变化，极端温度和大雨会增加，故答案选C。 【点睛】做完型填空时，首先要通读课文，明白主旨大意，然后再做题。做完型时要记住“瞻前顾后想结果”这一原则，根据上下文以及语境做题，切忌主观臆断。另外，平时还要多多积累词汇。完型填空常考名词、动词、形容词和副词等辨析。做词义辨析题时，首先要确认四个选项的含义，然后分析语境和逻辑关系，确定答案。 例如第5题，首先确定四个选项的含义，A. exactly意为“准确地”；B. usually意为“通常地”；C. actually“事实上”；D. especially意为“尤其”，根据答句No, but this summer was very hot.“不，但是今年夏天很热。”，可知问的是天气通常都会这么糟糕吗？故答案选B。 (B) We have always been warned of the dangers of forest fires. They cause _____ 85 _____ to a forest. They kill many plants and animals in an eco-system, which is a group of living things and their environment. But have you ever heard of a forest fire that can be _____86_____  for a forest? People start some of the fires with a special reason to actually do good to the eco-system. In fact, fires are a natural part of any eco-system. Without fires, the oldest and largest trees would stop sunlight from reaching the forest floor. Fires can _____87_____ some of these old trees. When the trees die, they provide something good for the earth. New trees can grow strong and healthy in their place. Some trees even need fires to grow. These trees hold their seeds (种子) inside. Heat from a fire allows the coat of the seeds to open up. Then the seeds fall to the ground and have the _____88____ to grow/ Scientist, who know about nature’s needs, start some of these fires, called controlled burns. A fire is started and kept under control. This way, the fire does not spread out of the area or _____89_____ a after forest fires, they can go hungry _____90_____ their food has been damaged in the fire. Small, controlled fires mean than animals will not have to move far to find food. After some time, small plants begin to grow. Animals return soon after the plants return. This _____91_____  makes an eco-system. So the next time you hear about a forest fire, think about the good as well as the bad. It may take a new eco-system a while to return, but it will likely come back stronger and healthier than ever. 7．A．illness B．difficulty C．damage D．flood 8．A．helpful B．powerful C．harmful D．awful 9．A．take the place of B．get ready for C．be bad for D．get rid of 10．A．time B．water C．chance D．skill 11．A．discover B．cover C．but D．waste 12．A．because B．although C．but D．so 13．A．almost B．again C．never D．even 【答案】7．C 8．A 9．D 10．C 11．B 12．C 13．B 【分析】 【主旨大意】文章指出森林火灾并不像人们想象的那样一无是处，有时候，可控范围内的火灾不仅无害而且还具有积极意义。比如，可控制的火灾可以使森林里的老树、死树烧掉，使阳光能够照射到地面；火灾烧掉了一些种子外层包裹的厚厚的皮，并让种子有机会得以在地面上生根发芽。 7．该句意为“森林火灾会对森林引起毁坏”，damage名词，意为“毁坏、损害”，flood名词，意为“洪水”；illness意为“疾病”选项C意为“困难”，故由句意答案选C。 8．由后边的那句话可以知道“有时候森林火灾对森林系统还是有帮助的”，故答案选A。 9．该句意为“森林火灾可以烧掉一些老树”，get rid of意为“去掉，除去”，故选D；而选项A为“取代，代替……”，选项B是“为……做好准备”，选项C为“对……有害处”，A、B、C均不符合题意。 10．此处是指经过火烧之后，有些种子厚厚的包衣被烧掉了，并掉到了地上，他们才有了生根发芽的机会。”故选C；A、B、D均不符合汉语意思。 11．句意为“通过这种方式，森林火灾不会传播到别的地区或者燃烧一大片森林。”cover本意为“涉及，覆盖”，此处是指不会造成大面积的森林被烧掉；选项A意为“揭露，发现”，选项D为“浪费”，都不符合题意。 12．此处是指森林大火过后，即使动物能够生存，他们也要经历饥饿的折磨，“因为森林中的食物被大火破坏了”，故答案选C。 13．此处讲一段时间之后，小的植物开始生长。动物在植物生长之后也重新回来了。“这又形成了一个(新的)食物链”，故答案选again，选项A、C、D均不符合句意 。 (C) We live on a beautiful planet, but it is also powerful and sometimes wild. To live safely and happily, we need to have a respect for nature and the 14 that shape our world. Think about a volcano. For many years, it can be quiet and peaceful. People might even build villages on its slopes because of the rich soil. But deep under the surface, great heat and pressure are building up. When the force becomes too strong, the mountain can 15 , throwing out hot rocks and ash. This shows us that nature has its own timetable, which doesn’t always match ours. Similarly, when heavy rains pour for days, rivers can rise and 16 their banks. The water can cover roads, farms, and even houses. It seems that nature is reminding us who is really in charge. We cannot stop the rain from falling, but we can learn to understand its patterns and prepare for its power. Building stronger flood walls and not building homes in low-lying areas are wise 17 .   Sometimes, the best thing we can do is simply to stand in awe of nature’s beauty and power. Watching the endless ocean waves, listening to the wind in the mountains, or looking up at the stars on a clear night can make us feel 18 . These feelings help us remember that we are a part of this amazing world, not its masters. Having respect for nature doesn’t mean we are weak. It means we are wise enough to know our limits and smart enough to live in harmony with our planet. By learning, preparing, and admiring, we can build a safer and 19 future for everyone. 14．A．forces B．gardens C．stories D．rules 15．A．disappear B．explode C．arrive D．sleep 16．A．clean B．cross C．follow D．leave 17．A．games B．choices C．dreams D．prizes 18．A．bored and tired B．happy and excited C．small but connected D．strong and powerful 19．A．quieter B．slower C．brighter D．easier 【答案】14．A 15．B 16．D 17．B 18．C 19．C 【导语】本文讲述我们生活在一个美丽而充满力量的星球上，我们需要敬畏自然、与之和谐共存的道理。 14．句意：为了安全快乐地生活，我们需要敬畏自然以及塑造我们世界的力量。 根据上文提到自然的力量 (powerful) 和下文火山爆发的例子，这里指自然的力量，应用forces“力量”。garden“花园”和stories“故事”不符，rules“规则”虽有一定干扰，但全文强调自然的力量而非规则。 15．句意：当力量变得过于强大时，这座山就会爆发，喷出炽热的岩石和火山灰。 根据下文“throwing out hot rocks and ash”可知是火山爆发，应用explode“爆发”。disappear“消失”和arrive“到达”及sleep“睡觉”逻辑不符。 16．句意：同样，当大雨持续数日时，河水会上涨并漫过堤岸。 根据上下文，河水上涨会漫过堤岸，固定表达leave their banks“河水漫过堤岸”。clean“清理”、cross“穿过”、follow“跟随”均不符。 17．句意：建造更坚固的防洪墙以及不在低洼地区建房是明智的选择。 根据上下文，这些都是应对洪水的明智选择，应用choices“选择”。games“游戏”、dreams“梦想”、prizes“奖励”不符。 18．句意：观看无尽的海洋波浪，聆听山间的风声，或是在晴朗的夜晚仰望星空，会让我们感到渺小但有联系。 根据下文“These feelings help us remember that we are a part of this amazing world, not its masters”可知，这些自然景观让我们感到自己渺小但与之相连，应用small but connected“渺小但有联系”。其他选项与敬畏自然的情感不符。 19．句意：通过学习、准备和欣赏，我们可以为每个人建立一个更安全、更光明的的未来。 根据全文积极向上的基调，应用brighter“更光明的”。quieter“更安静的”、slower“更慢的”、easier“更容易的”不符合全文主旨。 阅读理解 Reading comprehension (A) April 15th Rainy The earthquake stopped. How terrible it was last night! I was lucky to be okay. I stayed away from broken walls — they might fall. I found a bottle of clean water and shared it with a scared kid. Being calm helps, I thought. When I heard a rescue (救援) car’s siren (汽笛) far away, my heart felt light — help was coming. Wu Na July 10th Rainy Flood water came up fast. I climbed onto a table when the floor got wet. A man passed by on a big box and he pulled me up. We floated (漂浮) together, shouting for help. The water slowed, and then I saw a boat. Waving hard, I smiled — we weren’t stuck forever.Li Nan January 3rd Snowy The snowstorm kept us inside. It was cold, so I put on three sweaters. I heated hot water with a small stove(火炉) and gave some to my mom. We told stories to forget the cold. Through the window, I noticed the snow was lighter. Soon, the sun might peek out. Tu Jing December 2nd Cloudy The strong typhoon came near. The wind blew hard and the rain beat heavily. I stayed inside and closed the windows tightly. The wind and rain became weaker little by little. I hoped everything would be safe soon. He Tian 1．What natural disaster did Wu Na experience? A．Flood B．Earthquake C．Snowstorm D．Typhoon 2．When did Li Nan write his diary? A．April 15th B．January 3rd C．July 10th D．December 2nd 3．How did Tu Jing keep warm during the snowstorm? A．She put on three sweaters and heated hot water. B．She ran to a hill with her friends. C．She climbed onto a table and waited for help. D．She shared clean water with a kid. 4．What did He Tian do when the typhoon came? A．He stayed outside and enjoyed the wind. B．He stayed inside and closed the windows tightly. C．He ran to look for his friends. D．He opened the door and shouted for help. 5．What’s the main idea of the four passages? A．How to help others in danger. B．The ways to keep safe during an earthquake. C．The bad weather in different months. D．Four students’ experiences in different natural disasters. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文通过四则学生日记，记录了他们在不同自然灾害中的经历与应对方式。 1．根据Wu Na的日记“The earthquake stopped.”可知，她经历的自然灾害是地震。 2．根据Li Nan的日记标注的日期“July 10th”可知，他写日记的时间是7月10日。 3．根据Tu Jing的日记“I put on three sweaters. I heated hot water with a small stove and gave some to my mom.”可知，她保暖的方式是穿上三件毛衣并烧热水。 4．根据He Tian的日记“I stayed inside and closed the windows tightly.”可知，台风来临时他待在屋里并关紧窗户。 5．本文四则日记分别记录了四位学生在不同自然灾害中的经历，故主旨是四位学生在不同自然灾害中的经历。 (B) In a disaster, you may not stay calm as you thought before. Many people’s reactions can even put them in greater danger. One common but dangerous response (反应) is to freeze and do nothing. In scary situations, people’s brains may not work well, causing them to respond slowly. Sometimes, people don’t believe they are really in danger, so they ignore (忽视) what is happening. Moreover, stress makes clear thinking difficult. For example, during a house fire, people might risk their lives to run back into a burning building for their wallets without thinking. You should try to avoid this kind of situation for your safety. So, how can you improve your chances of surviving a disaster? The key is to be prepared in advance. Being prepared helps you act quickly without thinking too much. We can recognize (识别) danger early if we learn the warning signs of different natural disasters. You also need to be prepared, even after the danger passes. In big disasters like earthquakes or tsunamis, it takes time for rescuers (营救人员) to reach everyone in need. To increase your chance of survival (存活), make sure to have a disaster plan that includes escape (逃跑) routes and a meeting place for your family. You should also prepare a first-aid kit. Learning how to avoid common mistakes and prepare properly for disasters may just save your life! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 6．What is a common but dangerous response people have during a disaster? A．They cry loudly. B．They freeze and do nothing. C．They try to save everyone around them. D．They immediately call for help. 7．Why does the author suggest learning the warning signs of natural disasters? A．To become a scientist. B．To recognize danger early. C．To ignore them completely. D．To write a book about disasters. 8．Which of the following disasters is not mentioned in the text? A． B． C． D． 9．Which of the following is NOT a suggestion from the text? A．Turn off the gas and electricity. B．Create a disaster plan with escape routes. C．Prepare a first-aid kit. D．Choose a meeting place for family. 10．What is the main purpose of this text? A．To tell exciting stories about disasters. B．To explain how different disasters form. C．To teach people how to prepare for disasters. D．To show what disasters are like. 【答案】6．B 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人们在灾难中的危险反应，并给出了提前准备以提高生存几率的建议。 6．第二段提到“One common but dangerous response is to freeze and do nothing.”，可知人们在灾难中一种常见但危险的反应是僵住、什么都不做。 7．第四段提到“We can recognize danger early if we learn the warning signs of different natural disasters.”，可知作者建议学习自然灾害的预警信号，是为了能提前识别危险。 8．第三段提到“during a house fire”，第五段提到“big disasters like earthquakes or tsunamis”，说明文中明确提及了火灾、地震、海啸，未提及选项D对应的灾害类型。 9．第五段提到的建议包括“have a disaster plan that includes escape routes and a meeting place for your family”和“prepare a first-aid kit”，但未提及“关闭燃气和电力”。 10．全文围绕“如何为灾难做准备”展开，包括提前识别预警、制定逃生计划、准备急救包等，因此文章的主要目的是教人们如何为灾难做准备。 (C) My name is George. When I was in middle school, I experienced a strong earthquake. When I was listening to the teacher carefully, suddenly I felt the ground shaking and everything started moving. Everyone in the classroom was shouting and crying. I was scared and even thought of the end of the world. When the shaking stopped, the teacher quickly took us out of the classroom to the playground. We saw that the whole school was in a mess. Teachers tried to find all the students and make sure everyone was safe. As we stood on the playground, we could still feel the aftershocks. After making sure it was safe, teachers called our parents to take us home. My house suffered some damage (损坏). The bookcases fell onto the floor and some things were broken. But I felt happy that we were all safe. In the following days, we learned that the earthquake caused a lot of damage to the city. Many buildings collapsed and lots of people lost their homes and family. I was sad to hear that. Looking back on this experience, I know how important it is to be prepared for natural disasters and I feel more hopeful about safety now. We never know when they will happen, but we can find ways to protect ourselves and our family. 11．Where was George when the ground started shaking? A．At home. B．On the playground. C．In the classroom. D．Near the school. 12．What is the meaning of the underlined word “collapsed” in Paragraph 4? A．Fell down. B．Went up. C．Took away. D．Got over. 13．What is the right order of the following sentences according to the passage? ①George saw damage to his house. ②George’s classmates were shouting and crying. ③George was listening to the teacher carefully. ④The teachers took the students to the playground. A．②③①④ B．③②④① C．②④③① D．③④②① 14．How did George’s feelings change according to the passage? A．scared→sad→hopeful→happy B．happy→hopeful→scared→sad C．scared→happy→sad→hopeful D．sad→scared→happy→hopeful 15．What did George learn from the event? A．The reason why earthquakes happen. B．The place to stay when one is in danger. C．The best time to run away from danger. D．The importance of preparing for natural disasters. 【答案】11．C 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者乔治在中学时经历的一次强烈地震，包括地震发生时的场景、地震后的状况以及作者从这次经历中获得的感悟。 11．第一段提到：“When I was listening to the teacher carefully, suddenly I felt the ground shaking and everything started moving.” 这表明当地面开始震动时，乔治正在教室里认真听老师讲课。 12．第四段提到：“Many buildings collapsed and lots of people lost their homes and family.” 结合前文描述地震造成很多破坏，以及后文很多人失去家园和家人，可推测出“collapsed”意思是“倒塌”，与“Fell down”意思相符。 13．第二段提到：“When the shaking stopped, the teacher quickly took us out of the classroom to the playground.” 结合前文第一段“When I was listening to the teacher carefully, suddenly I felt the ground shaking and everything started moving. Everyone in the classroom was shouting and crying.”以及第三段“My house suffered some damage (损坏).”可知，先是乔治认真听老师讲课，然后同学们开始喊叫哭泣，接着老师带学生去操场，最后乔治看到房子受损。所以顺序是③②④①。 14．第一段提到：“I was scared and even thought of the end of the world.” 说明乔治一开始很害怕；第三段提到：“But I felt happy that we were all safe.” 说明看到大家都安全后他很高兴；第四段提到：“I was sad to hear that.” 说明听到很多人失去家园和家人他很伤心；最后一段提到：“I know how important it is to be prepared for natural disasters and I feel more hopeful about safety now.” 说明他现在对安全更有希望了。所以乔治的感情变化是scared→happy→sad→hopeful。 15．最后一段提到：“Looking back on this experience, I know how important it is to be prepared for natural disasters.” 这表明乔治从这次事件中学到了为自然灾害做好准备的重要性。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Natual disaster单元话题阅读套餐练 选材聚焦本单元话题，语篇以不同题型呈现，兼顾多种文本体裁，难度适中。 语法选择 A.根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 Preparing for natural disasters Natural disasters like earthquakes and floods can happen suddenly, so knowing how 1 for them is important. It’s hard to predict 2 a disaster will strike your area, but being ready helps you avoid danger. Last year, a small town in Sichuan had a flood. Local people said 3 scary it was when the water rose quickly. But those who 4 the disaster tips stayed safe. For example, Mr. Li moved his family to higher ground as soon as he 5 the warning. If you live in an area with frequent storms, remember 6 all windows before the storm comes. You should also learn 7 to use a fire extinguisher, just in case. Many schools teach students about disaster safety, and students say 8 these lessons help them feel more confident. 9 important it is to stay calm during a disaster! Panic can make things worse. No matter 10 the disaster is, following safety rules can save lives. 1．A．prepare B．to prepare C．preparing 2．A．what B．how C．whether 3．A．how B．what C．what a 4．A．follow B．followed C．will follow 5．A．hears B．heard C．is hearing 6．A．to close B．closing C．close 7．A．how B．what C．that 8．A．if B．that C．why 9．A．What B．How C．What an 10．A．what B．when C．where B.根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 Typhoons are one of the most dangerous natural disasters in coastal areas. Last summer, a strong typhoon 11 our city suddenly. Before it arrived, the weather forecast 12 people to stay at home and close all windows tightly. When the typhoon came, the wind blew so 13 that many street signs fell down, and the rain poured heavily. Many big trees 14 by the wind. Some roads were blocked, so cars 15 pass through. A little girl was trapped in her house alone when a kind volunteer 16 and helped her get to a safe place. After the typhoon, the sun came out the next morning. People worked together 17 the mess. Many people found that their houses 18 by the strong wind. The government provided food and water for 19 who lost their homes. Although the typhoon caused much damage, 20 people got hurt because of the timely preparation. We learned that it’s important to follow the disaster safety rules before a typhoon comes. 11．A．hit B．hits C．will hit 12．A．warned B．had warned C．was warning 13．A．strongly B．strong C．stronger 14．A．were blown down B．blew down C．blow down 15．A．shouldn’t B．couldn’t C．mustn’t 16．A．was passing by B．passed by C．had passed by 17．A．clean up B．to clean up C．cleaning up 18．A．had been destroyed B．was destroyed C．destroyed 19．A．those B．that C．this 20．A．few B．a few C．little C.根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 Forest Fires: Danger and Prevention Forests are often called the “lungs of the Earth”. They provide us with fresh air and homes for animals. However, every year, huge areas of green forest turn into black ash. Forest fires are one of 21 disasters. While lightning can start a fire, most wildfires are caused by humans. A small spark can cause a huge disaster. For example, a cigarette thrown out of a car window or a campfire left 22 can destroy thousands of trees. 23 a fire spreads, it moves very fast. Animals have to run for their lives, but many cannot escape. It is a sad scene 24 . We must learn how to prevent this. First, never play with matches or lighters in the woods. Second, if you see smoke, call the fire department immediately. Firefighters are brave people 25 risk their lives to save nature. They often work for days without rest to stop the flames. Last summer, a fire broke out near my town. The sky turned orange, and the air was full of smoke. I felt 26 because the fire was getting closer to our house. Luckily, the wind changed direction, and rain started to fall. The rain helped put out the fire. Since then, I 27 more careful about fire safety. Protecting the forest is protecting 28 . We should follow the rules when we go camping. 29 rubbish, especially glass bottles, in the forest is dangerous because glass can focus sunlight and start a fire. 30 everyone follows the rules, our forests will stay green and safe. 21．A．terrible B．more terrible C．the most terrible 22．A．to burn B．burnt C．burning 23．A．Once B．Before C．Unless 24．A．see B．to see C．seeing 25．A．who B．which C．whom 26．A．to scare B．scaring C．scared 27．A．become B．have become C．became 28．A．us B．our C．ourselves 29．A．Leave B．Leaving C．Left 30．A．If B．Although C．But 选词填空 A.根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 注意：每个单词或短语只能用一次，有一个单词或短语是多余的。 rescue;  hero;  thank;  successful;  plenty of Yesterday, a big rainstorm hit our city. The heavy rain made the river nearby get flooded. 1 people were trapped (困住) in their homes. Help came quickly. The firefighters and volunteers used boats to reach people’s homes. The water was very deep and dirty. But the 2 were brave. They tried their best to save every life. One of them said, “We must 3 people who are in danger as soon as possible, no matter how difficult the conditions are.” They beat the flood by working as a team. They saved many families and pets 4 . All the people were very 5 . Nature may bring disasters, but human hearts bring comfort. B.根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 注意：每个单词或短语只能用一次，有一个单词或短语是多余的。 A．powerful      B．prepare for      C．damage      D．suddenly     E.However Typhoons are among the most 6 weather systems in the world. These huge storms form over warm ocean waters and can span hundreds of kilometres. The strong winds and heavy rainfall they bring often cause serious 7 to coastal areas, including flooding, landslides, and destruction of buildings. Weather conditions can change 8 when a typhoon approaches. The sky may darken quickly, winds grow stronger minute by minute, and rain begins to pour heavily. This is why it’s crucial to monitor weather updates during typhoon season. 9 , with proper knowledge and preparation, we can significantly reduce the risks. Before typhoon season begins, families should discuss emergency plans and assemble disaster supply kits. During a typhoon, it’s safest to stay indoors, away from windows, and if authorities recommend evacuation, we should follow their advice promptly. C.根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确。 注意：每个单词或短语只能用一次，有一个单词或短语是多余的。 A．suffered from  B．because  C． plenty of  D．reached  E. because of In the summer of 2024, a terrible heatwave hit many countries in Europe, including France, Spain and Italy. The temperature in some areas 10 45 degrees Celsius, which was much higher than the average temperature in previous years. This extreme weather caused a lot of problems for people’s daily lives and the environment. Due to the high temperature, many old people and children 11 heat-related illnesses. Local hospitals were crowded with patients. Farmers also faced big troubles—their crops dried up 12 the lack of rain, and some farm animals died from the heat. Besides, the heatwave increased the risk of wildfires. Several forests in southern Europe caught fire, destroying lots of trees and wildlife habitats. To deal with the heatwave, governments advised people to stay indoors during the hottest hours of the day and drink 13 water. Many public places, such as libraries and community centres, turned on air conditioners for free to help people cool down. Volunteers also helped deliver water and food to the elderly who couldn’t go out easily.  Experts said that such extreme heatwaves might become more frequent due to climate change, so it’s important for everyone to protect the environment. 完形填空 Choose the best answer and complete the passage (A) Every year, thousands of people’s lives are affected by disasters. This week, in News Magazine a disaster survivor, Fiona Jones, tell us her stories. NW: Fiona, you were in a cyclone(飓风). 1 was that? FJ: In north Australian, in Normanton. That’s where I live. NW: What did you do when the cyclone arrived? FJ: We all stayed inside, in the basement, because that’s the safest place. We could hear the   2 coming closer and closer. The noise was awful. At one point there was a really         loud noise. I thought: ‘That’s it! It’s going to destroy the house!’ I was shaking. NW: And what happened after the cyclone? FJ: There were terrible floods. More than 360 millimetres of rain came down in just twenty-four hours. The army had to bring food and water to the whole area by plane and helicopter. The 3 thing was that waves from the coast and rivers flooded the land and carried three crocodiles(鳄鱼) to near my house! One of my neighbours hit a crocodile with his car – it was 1.6 metres long.   NW: Really? That’s unbelievable! So is everything back to normal again now? FJ: Not really. The floods have gone, but they destroyed a lot of homes and farms. It’s going to cost at least 110 million dollars to 4 this damage. NW: So is the weather 5 this bad? FJ: No, but this summer was very hot. If it stays hot , there will probably be another cyclone. All the experts say that the extreme temperatures and heavy rain will only 6 because of climate change. 1．A．What B．Where C．Why D．How 2．A．plane B．soldiers C．storm D．animals 3．A．strangest B．easiest C．most exciting D．most powerful 4．A．cause B．suffer C．protect D．repair 5．A．exactly B．usually C．actually D．especially 6．A．drop B．last C．increase D．pour (B) We have always been warned of the dangers of forest fires. They cause _____ 85 _____ to a forest. They kill many plants and animals in an eco-system, which is a group of living things and their environment. But have you ever heard of a forest fire that can be _____86_____  for a forest? People start some of the fires with a special reason to actually do good to the eco-system. In fact, fires are a natural part of any eco-system. Without fires, the oldest and largest trees would stop sunlight from reaching the forest floor. Fires can _____87_____ some of these old trees. When the trees die, they provide something good for the earth. New trees can grow strong and healthy in their place. Some trees even need fires to grow. These trees hold their seeds (种子) inside. Heat from a fire allows the coat of the seeds to open up. Then the seeds fall to the ground and have the _____88____ to grow/ Scientist, who know about nature’s needs, start some of these fires, called controlled burns. A fire is started and kept under control. This way, the fire does not spread out of the area or _____89_____ a after forest fires, they can go hungry _____90_____ their food has been damaged in the fire. Small, controlled fires mean than animals will not have to move far to find food. After some time, small plants begin to grow. Animals return soon after the plants return. This _____91_____  makes an eco-system. So the next time you hear about a forest fire, think about the good as well as the bad. It may take a new eco-system a while to return, but it will likely come back stronger and healthier than ever. 7．A．illness B．difficulty C．damage D．flood 8．A．helpful B．powerful C．harmful D．awful 9．A．take the place of B．get ready for C．be bad for D．get rid of 10．A．time B．water C．chance D．skill 11．A．discover B．cover C．but D．waste 12．A．because B．although C．but D．so 13．A．almost B．again C．never D．even (C) We live on a beautiful planet, but it is also powerful and sometimes wild. To live safely and happily, we need to have a respect for nature and the 14 that shape our world. Think about a volcano. For many years, it can be quiet and peaceful. People might even build villages on its slopes because of the rich soil. But deep under the surface, great heat and pressure are building up. When the force becomes too strong, the mountain can 15 , throwing out hot rocks and ash. This shows us that nature has its own timetable, which doesn’t always match ours. Similarly, when heavy rains pour for days, rivers can rise and 16 their banks. The water can cover roads, farms, and even houses. It seems that nature is reminding us who is really in charge. We cannot stop the rain from falling, but we can learn to understand its patterns and prepare for its power. Building stronger flood walls and not building homes in low-lying areas are wise 17 .   Sometimes, the best thing we can do is simply to stand in awe of nature’s beauty and power. Watching the endless ocean waves, listening to the wind in the mountains, or looking up at the stars on a clear night can make us feel 18 . These feelings help us remember that we are a part of this amazing world, not its masters. Having respect for nature doesn’t mean we are weak. It means we are wise enough to know our limits and smart enough to live in harmony with our planet. By learning, preparing, and admiring, we can build a safer and 19 future for everyone. 14．A．forces B．gardens C．stories D．rules 15．A．disappear B．explode C．arrive D．sleep 16．A．clean B．cross C．follow D．leave 17．A．games B．choices C．dreams D．prizes 18．A．bored and tired B．happy and excited C．small but connected D．strong and powerful 19．A．quieter B．slower C．brighter D．easier 阅读理解 Reading comprehension (A) April 15th Rainy The earthquake stopped. How terrible it was last night! I was lucky to be okay. I stayed away from broken walls — they might fall. I found a bottle of clean water and shared it with a scared kid. Being calm helps, I thought. When I heard a rescue (救援) car’s siren (汽笛) far away, my heart felt light — help was coming. Wu Na July 10th Rainy Flood water came up fast. I climbed onto a table when the floor got wet. A man passed by on a big box and he pulled me up. We floated (漂浮) together, shouting for help. The water slowed, and then I saw a boat. Waving hard, I smiled — we weren’t stuck forever.Li Nan January 3rd Snowy The snowstorm kept us inside. It was cold, so I put on three sweaters. I heated hot water with a small stove(火炉) and gave some to my mom. We told stories to forget the cold. Through the window, I noticed the snow was lighter. Soon, the sun might peek out. Tu Jing December 2nd Cloudy The strong typhoon came near. The wind blew hard and the rain beat heavily. I stayed inside and closed the windows tightly. The wind and rain became weaker little by little. I hoped everything would be safe soon. He Tian 1．What natural disaster did Wu Na experience? A．Flood B．Earthquake C．Snowstorm D．Typhoon 2．When did Li Nan write his diary? A．April 15th B．January 3rd C．July 10th D．December 2nd 3．How did Tu Jing keep warm during the snowstorm? A．She put on three sweaters and heated hot water. B．She ran to a hill with her friends. C．She climbed onto a table and waited for help. D．She shared clean water with a kid. 4．What did He Tian do when the typhoon came? A．He stayed outside and enjoyed the wind. B．He stayed inside and closed the windows tightly. C．He ran to look for his friends. D．He opened the door and shouted for help. 5．What’s the main idea of the four passages? A．How to help others in danger. B．The ways to keep safe during an earthquake. C．The bad weather in different months. D．Four students’ experiences in different natural disasters. (B) In a disaster, you may not stay calm as you thought before. Many people’s reactions can even put them in greater danger. One common but dangerous response (反应) is to freeze and do nothing. In scary situations, people’s brains may not work well, causing them to respond slowly. Sometimes, people don’t believe they are really in danger, so they ignore (忽视) what is happening. Moreover, stress makes clear thinking difficult. For example, during a house fire, people might risk their lives to run back into a burning building for their wallets without thinking. You should try to avoid this kind of situation for your safety. So, how can you improve your chances of surviving a disaster? The key is to be prepared in advance. Being prepared helps you act quickly without thinking too much. We can recognize (识别) danger early if we learn the warning signs of different natural disasters. You also need to be prepared, even after the danger passes. In big disasters like earthquakes or tsunamis, it takes time for rescuers (营救人员) to reach everyone in need. To increase your chance of survival (存活), make sure to have a disaster plan that includes escape (逃跑) routes and a meeting place for your family. You should also prepare a first-aid kit. Learning how to avoid common mistakes and prepare properly for disasters may just save your life! 6．What is a common but dangerous response people have during a disaster? A．They cry loudly. B．They freeze and do nothing. C．They try to save everyone around them. D．They immediately call for help. 7．Why does the author suggest learning the warning signs of natural disasters? A．To become a scientist. B．To recognize danger early. C．To ignore them completely. D．To write a book about disasters. 8．Which of the following disasters is not mentioned in the text? A． B． C． D． 9．Which of the following is NOT a suggestion from the text? A．Turn off the gas and electricity. B．Create a disaster plan with escape routes. C．Prepare a first-aid kit. D．Choose a meeting place for family. 10．What is the main purpose of this text? A．To tell exciting stories about disasters. B．To explain how different disasters form. C．To teach people how to prepare for disasters. D．To show what disasters are like. (C) My name is George. When I was in middle school, I experienced a strong earthquake. When I was listening to the teacher carefully, suddenly I felt the ground shaking and everything started moving. Everyone in the classroom was shouting and crying. I was scared and even thought of the end of the world. When the shaking stopped, the teacher quickly took us out of the classroom to the playground. We saw that the whole school was in a mess. Teachers tried to find all the students and make sure everyone was safe. As we stood on the playground, we could still feel the aftershocks. After making sure it was safe, teachers called our parents to take us home. My house suffered some damage (损坏). The bookcases fell onto the floor and some things were broken. But I felt happy that we were all safe. In the following days, we learned that the earthquake caused a lot of damage to the city. Many buildings collapsed and lots of people lost their homes and family. I was sad to hear that. Looking back on this experience, I know how important it is to be prepared for natural disasters and I feel more hopeful about safety now. We never know when they will happen, but we can find ways to protect ourselves and our family. 11．Where was George when the ground started shaking? A．At home. B．On the playground. C．In the classroom. D．Near the school. 12．What is the meaning of the underlined word “collapsed” in Paragraph 4? A．Fell down. B．Went up. C．Took away. D．Got over. 13．What is the right order of the following sentences according to the passage? ①George saw damage to his house. ②George’s classmates were shouting and crying. ③George was listening to the teacher carefully. ④The teachers took the students to the playground. A．②③①④ B．③②④① C．②④③① D．③④②① 14．How did George’s feelings change according to the passage? A．scared→sad→hopeful→happy B．happy→hopeful→scared→sad C．scared→happy→sad→hopeful D．sad→scared→happy→hopeful 15．What did George learn from the event? A．The reason why earthquakes happen. B．The place to stay when one is in danger. C．The best time to run away from danger. D．The importance of preparing for natural disasters. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $