假期作业13 MORALS AND VIRTUES-【快乐假期】2025-2026学年高一英语暑假作业

化快乐假期 Talents come from diligence and knowledge is gained 假期作业13 MORALS AND VIRTUES by accumulation.天才源于勤奋，知识在子积第。 完成日期： 月 日 No.1基础知识一 写与背 工.写作句型练 9. /'inkAm/n.收入；收益 (十三)表语从句 10. /pa(r)/prep.每；每一 表语从句在复合句中起表语作用，它位于 11. 'δeafo:(r)/adv.因此；所以 主句中的连系动词之后。 二、拓展单词 >简单示例 1.marriage n.结婚；婚姻→ 0.（和某 1.His suggestion is that we should have a discussion 人)结婚；嫁；娶 表语（从句） 2 n.大部分；大多数> adi. about the problem. 主要的；重要的；大的v.主修 2.The problem is vt.&vi.回答；回复；做出反应；回 whether he will listen to our advice. 应→ n.反应；回答；回复 表语（从句） t.拒绝接受；不录用 √跟踪训练 n.拒绝接受；否决 1.问题是他能否单独做这件事。 vt.任命；委派→ n.约会； 约定；任命 2.那是他考试不及格的原因。 6. vt.选举；推选→ n.选举； 推选；当选 7 3.小李不再是以前的样子了。 vi.&.t.退休；退职；退出→ n.退休；退出 8 n.节省物；节省；节约→save.节 4.他想知道的是她应买哪件衣服。 省；节约 9. adj.害怕的；对…感到惊慌或恐 5.让我们困扰的是我们什么时候才能知道 惧的→ vt.惊吓；使害怕i.受惊吓 细节。 10. adi.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利 的；明显的→ u.使锋利 Ⅱ.单词分类记 11 adi.精力充沛的；充满活力的→ 一、写作单词 energy n.能量；体力 1. /kom'plen/vi.&.vt.抱怨；发牢骚 12 n.手术；企业；经营→operate. 2. /'skplofip/n.奖学金 操作；经营；动手术 'hara(r)/vt.聘任；雇用；租用 13.import n.进口；进口商品vt.进口；输人； n.租借；租用 引进→ n.出口；出口商品vt.出 4. els'we(r)/adu.在别处；去别处 口；输出；传播 5. /pAbl/wt.发表（作品）；出版 14. vt.帮助；援助→assistance n.帮 6: rr'plers,/ot.接替；取代；更换 助；援助→ n.助手 7. /'aeksidont/n.事故；车祸；失事 15.harm n.&.t.伤害；损害→ adj. 8. 'tfeaman/,n.主席；主持人 有害的→ adi.无害的 64 三0022 高一英语) 亚.短语双向记 4.neither..nor..既不…；也不… 1. 帮助某人渡过难关 she her friend thought y 易于做某事；往往会发生 about moving the stone out of the road. 某事 她和她的朋友都没想着把那块石头从路上 3. 去世 搬走。 作为对…的纪念 5.in memory of为了纪念… 5 大量 This library was built the 6.in tears scientist. 7.in despair 这个图书馆的建造是为了纪念那位科学家。 8.trip over V.写作句型采撷—寓言故事述评 The Stone in the Road 9.first aid (是一个有关国王认为他的人民很 10.moral dilemma 懒惰的寓言故事)，so he puts a large stone in V.经典句式记 the middle of the road and hides gold coins 1.the十序数词十todo under the stone,waiting to see if anyone will She was Chinese girl try to move it.[故事介绍] in space. (作者利用此 她是第一个在太空中飞行的中国姑娘。 故事给读者留下…印象)the need to take 2.v.-ing形式作主语 personal responsibility for problems. For the great scientist, (故事成功达到其目的)， his motherland is his lifetime because it had a clear moral.However,it goal. wasn't a suitable ending that the king 对于这位伟大的科学家来说，为祖国做出贡 awarded the girl who moved away the stone. 献是他的终生目标。 (肩负责任是我们的职责)， 3.what引导宾语从句 but not for the aim of gaining awards. He always does to help his In a word,although I like it,I think classmates. (有更好的故事 他总是做他能做的一切帮助他的同班同学。 来激励人们去肩负起个人责任).[作者评价] No.2基础技能 练与悟 工.单词拼写 5.Ellis is being examined by her (内 1.Caring for the elderly is a traditional 科医生)at the moment.. (美德)，which will contribute to a har- 6.As we all know,respecting parents is one of monious society. China's traditional (道德)values. 2.In fact,many big companies in our city are 7.Usually popular science books explain basic hoping to (雇用)people like you.. 3.So (宝贵的)is time that we can't (原则)of nature in a simple and afford to waste it. interesting way. 4.They (抱怨)about the size of 8.You can apply for (奖学金)of the their gas bill. university where you study. 65 人壁快乐假期 9.His proposal that the system should be 2.These are the questions all the undergradu- changed was (拒绝). ates will have to 10.In a good (结婚)，both husband 3.People invented Chinese chess the and wife work hard to solve any problems. battle between Liu Bang and Xiang Yu. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 4.The great scientist Yuan Longping 1.About four hours later,one of her friends, on May 22nd,2021. Martha,responded her with a 5.I'll ask your opinions about what kind of text message. person he is before 2.I won't be able to keep my (ap- 6.Men put on weight in their for- point)to discuss traditional Chinese paint- ties. ings with you. 3.So far I've received two acceptances and 7.We parents should our children four (reject). and spare time to keep them company. 4. (elect)results flowed in through- 8.The police has promised us to the out the night. case.Just wait and see. 5.You should have a good rest because noth- 9.She left the room so I went after ing is (important)than her. health. 10.If you don't listen to me,you are likely 6.You should exercise more so as to keep (energy)and you can work effi- V.根据提示补全句子 ciently. 1.屠呦呦是第一位被授予诺贝尔医学奖的中 7.What I found was that a (major) 国科学家。(the十序数词十todo) of students made full preparations before Tu Youyou is the first Chinese scientist new lessons. the Nobel 8.Li Hua is the first student in our school Prize in Medicine. (win)such a great prize in IMO 2.抽烟对身体是非常有害的。（v.-ing作 (奥数). 主语) 9.I am writing to complain one of your bus-drivers'improper and rude behav- iors. 3.让我告诉你昨天发生了什么。(what引导 10.As new mines come on stream,Chile's 宾语从句) share of world copper output will increase Let me tell you (sharp). 4.今天露茜和她弟弟都不在家。(neither..· Ⅲ.用所给短语的正确形式填空 nor...) pass away;be faced with;care for;carry... through;draw a conclusion;get into trouble; home today. look into;in memory of;in tears;tend to 5.作为老师，我应该对学生负责。(responsi- 1.Prepare yourself thoroughly for the per- ble) formance;then trust in your talent to As a teacher,I am supposed to you 66 三-0022 高一英语 V.基础语法练(y.-ing作状语和宾补) 4.We just heard a girl (cry)in the 单句语法填空（并在后面的括号内写出其成 next room. 分：状语/宾补) 1.Never leave the water (run)after 5.Suddenly he heard his name (call) you finish washing. in the crowd in the great hall. 3 (read)an interesting book,he for- 6.The hospital has recently obtained new got the time for supper. () 3.The boss kept the workers (work) medical equipment, (allow)more the whole night. patients to be treated. No.3素养提升一感与知 I,阅读理解 how we can have a more fulfilling,new ca- Virtue,by definition,is the moral excel- reer;service to others can change lives,better lence of a person.Morally excellent people neighborhoods and create stronger nations. have a character made up of virtues valued as We know we are becoming more virtuous good.They are honest,respectful,coura- people,not only because of the above results geous,forgiving and kind,for example.They but also because of the way other people re- do the right thing,and don't bend to impul- spond to us.Our friends,family,co-workers, ses,urges or desires,but act according to val- and neighbors will trust and rely on us.They ues and principles.Some might say good qual- will come to us for guidance and help.They ities are inborn.Actually,virtues need to be will want to be around us because we inspire cultivated.With the habit of being virtuous, them to be better people.Practicing virtues al- we can take control of our lives and move lows us to develop our potential,and live a them in the direction of greater happiness and more purposeful and better life. fulfillment. 1.What can we know about virtuous people Virtues are universal and recognized by from the first paragraph? all cultures as basic qualities of well-being. A.They are born with virtue. However,practicing virtues is not easy.So of- B.They never make a mistake. ten we know that it takes perseverance to C.They have a habit of doing good. reach our goals,but we still never get there. D.They act on the principle of profit. We know that if we forgive,we'll be less an- 2.What is the second paragraph mainly gry.We know it takes courage to accomplish about? great things.So why then,if we know what to A.It's hard to practice virtues. do,are we still stuck? B.It's a virtue to forgive others. Because we have not yet consciously ap- C.It takes courage to achieve goals. plied a virtue to a given situation so as to D.Trust is necessary in a relationship. change its outcome such as in these examples: 3.What does the underlined word“rapport'” kindness towards someone who is having a mean in the third paragraph? bad day can make him or her smile and build A.A good greeting. rapport;trust in a relationship creates valua- B.A great exchange. ble,meaningful relationships;gratitude in a C.A good goodbye. job loss can shift our focus from feeling low to D.A close relationship. 67 人壁快乐假阴 4.What is the author's purpose in the last growth and everything is a work in progress. paragraph? A.They're grateful for life. A.To encourage readers to be more virtuous. B.They think things through. B.To encourage readers to live a purpose- C.They continue even when it gets difficult. ful life. D.Here are some qualities that make up a C.To encourage readers to offer others good person. guidance. E.They always get along well with people D.To encourage readers to develop others' around them. potential. F.A good person has confidence yet modest Ⅱ.阅读填句（七选五） opinions of their own. What makes a person“good”when it all G.However,good quality in someone is comes down to it?1 thinking of others before making a deci- They think of others. sion. It's easy to live a life where you only care Ⅲ.语法填空 for yourself.2 They realize what is good About 20 years ago,on the way to a for them may not always be good for others. student's home,Zhang Guimei learned that a Now don't get me wrong:They don't bend 13-year-old girl 1. (force)to get over backwards and let people take advanta- married by her parents.She felt sorry for not ges of them.They just don't make decisions 2. (be)able to help.That inspired or take actions if they know it might negative- her 3. (build)a free high school for ly affect someone else. girls from the faraway mountains.After years They're courageous. of efforts,in 2008 a free public high school Courage has nothing to do with the ab- was founded in Huaping,4. Zhang sence of fear.We all experience fear,but good has been the headmaster since then.Over the people take action even when they are fearful. years,Zhang has walked 5. (thou- Good people don't give up easily.3 sand)of kilometers,persuading girls to go In fact,in some ways being a good person can back to school.Many graduates have been ad- take courage.After all,it takes courage to act mitted 6. college,which is regarded with integrity(正直). asa“miracle”in the area,because most 4 students didn't do 7. (good)in aca- So many of us focus on what we don't demic study before the school was founded. have and forget about all things we do.A Zhang Guimei wants children from the good person has a balanced perspective( mountains to attend the best universities.She )They know there are many people who told the media a girl could influence three have it worse than they do.They appreciate generations..“8. educated,responsi- their families,their jobs,and the fact that ble mother will not let her children drop out they have a roof over their head. of school,”she added,“and the goal is to pre- They're modest and humble. vent poverty from being passed down from 5 They don't see themselves as "too generation to generation.Her 9. good"for other people.Everybody is unique (move)stories inspire a great many people.In and there is always something to learn from early December 2020,she was named a nation- anyone.This also means that a good person al outstanding member of the Communist Par- has a growth mindset because they never ty of China for her 10. (contribute) think they're a finished product.Life is about to education in rural China. 68三022 文“the excitement of those moments'”以及语境可知，即 使已经过去四十年，作者仍然能感受到那时的激动，所 以此处表示那些时刻的激动从未减弱。] 15.D[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，我意识到 那些关于圣诞老人的可怕谣言正是奶奶说的：它们很荒 谬。A.typical典型的；B.frightening可怕的；C.impos- sible不可能的；D.ridiculous荒谬的。根据上文“Ridicu- 1ous!”可知，奶奶认为“没有圣诞老人”是谣言，是荒 谬的。] Ⅲ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了 泰国曼谷市中心举办的“神奇泰国，中秋之夜”庆典活动。 1.the[考查冠词。句意：这是为了庆祝泰国与中国建交 50周年。需要特指泰国与中国建交的50周年，因此使用 定冠词the。故填the。] 2.marked[考查动词时态。句意：据泰国旅游局(TAT)表 示，“神奇泰国·中秋之夜”活动还标志着对来自中国的 102位关键意见领袖(KOLs)的盛大欢迎，他们将体验泰 国的魅力，并在泰国各地量身定制的路线上参与“五大必 做”活动。空处作谓语，句子描述的是过去发生的事件， 使用一般过去时。故填marked,] 3.routes[考查名词。句意同上。空处需填名词作介词in 的宾语，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需填名词复数 形式。故填routes。] 4.participation[考查名词。句意：他们在活动中的参与意 义重大。their为形容词性物主代词，后面接名词partici- pation,作主语，不可数名词。故填participation。] 5.leading[考查形容词。句意：其他活动还包括9月至12 月期间，泰国旅游局(TAT)与中国领先旅游平台之间的 各种促销活动。修饰名词短语travel platforms,需用形 容词leading,作定语。故填leading。] 6.further[考查副词比较级。句意：泰国旅游局(TAT)局 长塔帕尼·吉亚帕伊布希望这些活动能进一步推动泰国 成为中国游客的文化旅游目的地。前文有动词“would promote(将推广)”，后面需要接副词来修饰动词，表示 “进一步地”推广，应填副词比较级further。故填fur ther。J 7.for[考查介词。句意同上。表示“对于”应用介词for。 故填for。] 8.which[考查定语从句。句意：她说，“神奇泰国·中秋 之夜”活动是系列特别活动和促销活动的一部分，这些活 动计划在9月至接下来的一整年中陆续举行，贯穿全年 的庆祝活动。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a series of special events and promotions,指物，关系词在从 句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。] 9.country's[考查名词所有格。句意：截至9月8日，泰国已 接待来自中国的游客4895707人次，继续保持其作为中国 国际游客最大来源国的地位。修饰名词source,需用名词所 有格country's,表示“国家的”。故填country's。] 10.ambitious[考查形容词。句意：泰国对于在2024年达 到730万中国游客的雄心勃勃的目标持乐观态度。修 饰名词target,需用形容词ambitious,作定语。故填am bitious。J 假期作业13 基础知识一写与背 I.1.The question is whether he is able to do it alone. 2.That is why he didn't pass the exam. 3.Xiao Li is no longer what he used to be. 4.What he wants to know is which dress she should buy. 5.What is troubling us is when we can get to know the details. Ⅱ.一、l.complain2.scholarship3.hire 4.elsewhere 5.publish 6.replace 7.accident 8.chairman 9.income 10.per 11.therefore 1.marry 2.majority major 3.respond response 4.reject rejection 5.appoint appointment 6.elect election 7.retire retirement 8.saving 9.scared scare 10.sharp sharpen 11.energetic 12.operation 13.ex- port 14.assist assistant 15.harmful harmless 高一英语恐 Il.1.carry sb.through sth.2.tend to do sth. 3.pass away 4.in memory of 5.a great deal(of)6. 泪：含着泪7.处于绝望中8.被…绊倒9.急救 10.道德困境 IV.1.the first;to fly 2.making contributions to 3.what he can 4.Neither;nor 5.in memory of V.is an old fable about a king who thinks his people are la- zy The author used this story to impress upon readers The story was successful in achieving its purpose It's our duty to take personal responsibility there are better stories to inspire people to take personal responsibility 基础技能一练与悟 I.1.virtue 2.hire 3.precious 4.complained 5.physi- cian 6.moral 7.principles 8.scholarships 9.rejected 10.marriage II.1.to 2.appointment 3.rejections 4.Election 5.more important 6.energetic 7.majority 8.to win 9.about 10.sharply I.1.carry;through 2.be faced with 3.in memory of 4.passed away 5.drawing a conclusion 6.tend to 7.care for 8.look into 9.in tears 10.to get into trouble IV.1.to be awarded 2.Smoking is very harmful to people's health 3.what happened yesterday 4.Neither Lucy nor her little brother is 5.be responsible for my students V.l.running宾补2.Reading状语3.working宾 补4.crying 宾补5.called宾补6.allowing状语 素养提升一感与知 I.[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了践 行美德能让我们开发自己的潜能，过上更美好的生活。 l.C[推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“With the habit of being virtuous...greater happiness and fulfillment. 推断，具有美德的人有行善的习惯。] 2.A[主旨大意题。第二段中的“However,practicing vir tues is not easy.”指出践行美德并不容易，接着列举了几 个例子来证明这一观，点。由此可知，本段主要讲的是“践 行美德并非易事”。] 3.D[词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的“kindness towards someone.,.can make him or her smile and build'”可知，对 那个正度过糟糕的一天的人施以善意可以让他或她微 笑，连词and表示顺承关系，由此可推测此处指双方建立 “融洽的关系”，划线词意为“融洽关系”，与D项意思 相近。门 4.A[推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Practicing virtues allows us to develop our potential,and live a more purposeful and better life.”可推断，作者的目的是鼓励人 们践行美德。] Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了优 秀的人身上所具有的几点优秀品质：为他人考虑、勇敢、对 生活心存感恩、谦逊有礼。文章旨在引导学生学习优秀的 品质。 l.D[根据空前的句子“What makes a person‘good' when it all comes down to it?”可知，设空处应该是该问题 的回答，再根据下文每一段的小标题可知，设空处应起到 引出下文具体品质的作用，D项中的“a good person”和空 前的“a person‘good'”呼应，且“some qualities'”指代了下 文小标题的内容。] 2.G[根据本段小标题“They think of others.”可知，本段 应与为他人考虑有关。G项“然而，好的品质是做决定前 会考虑别人。”与空前“只关心自己”形成转折关系。 3.C[根据本段小标题“They're courageous.”可知，本段讲 述了优秀的人都很勇敢。再结合空前“Good people don't give up easily.”,他们不轻言放弃，可知，设空处也应与勇 敢的表现有关。C项“即使遇到困难，他们也会继续前 进。”与前文衔接，且为递进关系，符合语境。] 4.A[设空处为本段的小标题，应对本段起概括作用。本 段主要讲述优秀的人懂得珍惜和感恩自己所拥有的人和 物。A项讲述了优秀的人对生活心存感激，很好地总结 段落大意。] k受快乐假明 5.F[根据本段小标题“They're modest and humble.”可 知，本段主要讲述优秀的人都很谦逊有礼。故设空处也 应与优秀谦逊有关。F项中的“modest”为小标题中 “modest'”的同词复现。F项“一个优秀的人对自我保持着 自信而谦逊的看法。”既呼应了本段主题，又引出了 下文。 Ⅲ，[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了张 桂梅为中国偏远山区教育事业做出的杰出贡献。 l.was forced[考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析 句子可知，设空处为宾语从句的谓语，根据主句的时态和 此处语境可知应用一般过去时；al3-year-old girl与force 之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；主语为单数名词，谓语 也应用单数。故填was forced。] 2.being[考查动词-ing形式。句中for为介词，后接动词 -ing形式作宾语。故填being。] 3.to build[考查动词不定式。inspire sb.to do sth.意为 “激励某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾补。故填to build。] 4.where[考查定语从句。分析句子可知，设空处引导非 限制性定语从句，先行词为a free public high school,关系 词在从句中作地，点状语，所以用关系副词where引导定 语从句。门 5.thousands[考查数词。thousands of意为“数以千计 的”。故填thousands.。 6.to/into[考查介词。be admitted to/into...为固定搭 配，意为“被…接收”。故填to或into。] 7.well[考查副词。do well in意为“在…方面做得好”。 故填well。] 8.An[考查冠词。mother为可数名词，此处泛指“一个受 过良好教育的、负责任的母亲”，且educated的发音以元 音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。注意句首单词首字母大 写。故填An。] 9.moving[考查形容词。分析句子可知，设空处作定语修 饰stories,意为“令人感动的”，应用形容词。故填mov ing。」 1l0.contribution(s)[考查名词。设空处作介词for的宾 语，应用名词；contribution意为“贡献”时为可数名词，但 设空处前面有限定词her,所以此处用单复数均可。故 填contribution(s)。 假期作业14 基础知识一写与背 I.1.The idea that the earth is round is not a new one. 2.He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 3.I have no idea when he will be back. 4.The whole truth came out at last that he was a thief. 5.The fact that sea water can not be used for drinking is known to all. I.-1.admit 2.occur 3.afterwards 4.escape 5.mi- nority 6.percentage 7.climate 8.material 9.clothing 10.neat 1.diverse diversity 2.fortune unfortunate 3.defi- nitely definite 4.historical 5.poisonous poison 6.fold 7.collection 8.settle 9.construction 10.suit 11.contain container III.1.head to 2.seek one's fortune 3.earn a living 4.series of5.apart from6.bring about7.仅举几例 8.第一手；亲自9.开发；开辟10.位于 I.1.do you think 2.It is likely that 3.some cheering 4.which started 5.Not only is;popular V.Having learned that you plan to pay a visit to China where you can visit the Summer Palace is home to a num ber of cultural relics that it attracts a constant stream of travelers if you find my recommendation helpful 基础技能—练与悟 I.1.diverse 2.mission 3.seek 4.minority 5.finan- cial 6.collection 7.climates/climate 8.settled/solved 9.escaped 10.construction 00M-= II.1.admission 2.from 3.It 4.definitely 5.being punished 6.diversity 7.was claimed 8.poison- ous II.1.lies in 2.turned into 3.are suitable for 4.made a fortune 5.leave out 6.earned a living 7.to settle down 8.under construction 9.bring about 10.checked out IV.1.do the professors have 2.It is likely that 3.When do you think he is coming back from America? 4.A boy leading the way 5.where we enjoyed a delicious dinner V.1.if tired 2.most haven't 3.will not 4.waiting for someone 5.When in America 6.even if invited 7.if any 8.The book he borrowed 素养提升 一感与知 I,A,「语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 当人们进入一个新的环境后，哪些因素会引起文化冲击，哪 些人会感受到文化冲击，以及文化冲击的影响和应对方法。 l.AL细节理解题。根据第一段首句“Specialists say that it is not easy to get used to life in a new culture.”和下文 对文化冲击的三个阶段的陈述可知，当人们搬到一个新 的国家时，他们可能很难适应新环境。] 2.D[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The weather may be unpleasant.The customs may be diverse.The public serv ice systems...may be difficult to work out...The lan- guage may be difficult.”可知，天气条件、习俗、公共服务 系统和语言都会引起文化冲击，所以A、B、C三项可 排除。 3.B[推理判断题。根据第三段第四句“Very often the people having the worst culture shock are those who nev- er had any difficulties in their own country.”可知，最能感 受到文化冲击的人是在自己国家中从未遇到过任何困难 的人，由此可推测，在国内很成功的人最能感受到文化 冲击。] 4.C[推理判断题。根据最后一段尾句“Getting to know the new environment and gaining experience are the long- term solutions to the problem of culture shock.”可知，热 悉新环境、获得经验是长远解决文化冲击的办法，也就是 说解决文化冲击的最好办法是熟悉新文化。」 B.[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己的旅行 经历说明了不同文化中人们表现“好客”和“礼貌”的方式不 一样。 5.D[推理判断题。根据第三段中的“The other passen gers smiled and nodded at me and made me feel quite wel- come among them..(其他乘客对我微笑着点了点头，让我 在他们中间感到很受欢迎。)”可知，车厢里的其他乘客都 对作者点头微笑，说明他们理解作者的错误，对作者的错 误很宽容。 6.D[词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句中的“so I apolo gized in English,and got up to allow him back into the seat”可知，作者道款说明作者被批评，划线词是“责备”的 意思，与blame意为一致。] 7.C[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“They felt it was not polite to interrupt someone else's privacy.(他们觉得 打断别人的隐私是不礼貌的。)”可知，英国乘客都不说话 是因为他们国家的传统认为打扰别人的清净是很不礼貌 的，因此英国重视尊重别人不受千扰的状态。] 8.C[主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“HHowever,I have been lucky enough to spend some time in both Italy and the US,where I found traditions of hospitality and politeness very different..(然而，我很幸运地在意大利和 美国待了一段时间，在那里我发现好客和礼貌的传统非 常不同。)”可知，作者通过描述自己在意大利和美国的旅 行经历来说明不同文化中人们表现“好客”和“礼貌”的方 式不一样。故C项“好客和礼貌的不同方式”切题。] Ⅱ.[语篇解读]本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了东 西方文化的差异及其形成的原因。 1.E[该空前一句提到“东西方文化确实有很大的差异”， 后面说文化不同的原因，可知。] 2