内容正文:
nullnull物主代词大冒险
帮小松鼠找回丢失的坚果!
正确区分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
开始挑战
1411指示代词大冒险
欢迎来到英语乐园!观察物品的远近和数量,选择
正确的指示代词(This,That,These,Those)。
Near(近):This/These
Far(远):That/Those
This
开始挑战
That
These
ThoseEiter
品
y
人称代词大冒险
欢迎来到代词王国!
请根据句子语境,选出正确的人称代词。
主格作主语,宾格作宾语,你能全部答对吗?
开始挑战null小升初英语专题总复习
专题08 代词
小升初英语专题总复习
专题08 代词
小升初英语专题总复习
专题08 代词
代词是一种用于替代其他词类(如名词、动词、形容词等)或更大语言单位(如短语、句子)的词,代词的分类包括:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词和疑问代词,其核心功能是避免重复,使语言表达更加简洁。
人称代词
物主代词
指示代词
反身代词
不定代词
疑问代词
强化训练
01
人称代词
人称代词
1. 人称代词的定义:
人称代词用来代替人或事物,以避免重复。它根据“人称”(我、你、他等)、“数”(单数/复数)和“格”(主格/宾格)发生变化。
人称 单数 复数
主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he him they them
she her
it it
6
人称代词
例句(人称代词作主格):如:
I am a student. 我是学生。
She is my English teacher. 她是我的英语老师。
例句(人称代词作宾格):如:
Can you help me? 你能帮我吗?
We often see him in the library. 我们经常在图书馆看见他。
7
人称代词
2. 人称代词的排列顺序:
当多个人称代词并列使用时,顺序通常如下:
(1)单数:通常按 “你、他/她、我” 的顺序,即“第二人称 → 第三人称 → 第一人称”。如:
You and she are good friends. 你和她是好朋友。
My father bought gifts for you, him and me. 我爸爸给你、他和我买了礼物。
(2)复数:通常按 “我们、你们、他们” 的顺序,即“第一人称 → 第二人称 → 第三人称”。如:
We and you will clean the classroom tomorrow. 我们和你们明天将打扫教室。
We, you and they are at school. 我们、你们和他们都在学校。
8
人称代词
3. 人称代词的用法:
(1)主格作“主语”,宾格作“宾语”:
这是人称代词最核心的用法区别。主格(I, you, he...) 位于句首,是动作的发出者;宾格(me, you, him...) 位于动词或介词(如to, for, with, about)之后,是动作的承受者。如:
He often helps us. 他经常帮助我们。(He是主语,us是动词helps的宾语)
This birthday card is for her. 这张生日卡是给她的。(her是介词for的宾语)
(2)“It”的特殊用法:
人称代词 it 除了指代动物或物品,还常用来表示时间、天气、距离或泛指某种情况。如:
It is sunny today. 今天天气晴朗。
It is far from my home to school. 从我家到学校很远。
9
考点再现
人称代词
一、单项选择
( )1.He told ________ many things ________ space.
A.my, in B.me, about C.I, for
( )2.We look at ______. And they look at ______.
A.they; we B.their; us C.them; us
( )3.Mary is my friend. ______ lives in Scotland. ______ hometown is a beautiful place.
A.She; Her B.Her; She C.She; She
( )4.Is she younger than both of ______?
A.us B.we C.our
( )5.He is younger than ______.
A.my B.mine C.me
B
C
A
A
C
11
过关训练
人称代词
一、适当形式填空
1.Let’s (help) (she) clean the room.
2.Those shoes are for (they).
3.None of (they) is in the classroom.
4.—What’s (they) favourite festival?
— (they) like the Spring Festival best.
5.My shorts are size M. Tom’s shorts are size L. (he) has bigger shorts.
help her
them
them
their
They
He
12
02
物主代词
物主代词
1. 物主代词的定义:
物主代词表示“某人的”,用来表达所属关系。它分为两类:形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词,并有人称和数的变化。
数 人称 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 词义
单数 第一人称 my mine 我的
第二人称 your yours 你的
第三人称 his his 他的
her hers 她的
its its 它的
复数 第一人称 our ours 我们的
第二人称 your yours 你们的
第三人称 their theirs 他们的/她们的/它们的
物主代词
2. 物主代词的分类:
(1)形容词性物主代词:形容词性物主代词(my, your, his...)不能单独使用,其功能类似于一个形容词,后面必须紧跟一个名词,用来修饰和说明这个名词属于谁。如:
This is my schoolbag. 这是我的书包。
Our classroom is big and bright. 我们的教室又大又明亮。
名词性物主代词:名词性物主代词(mine, yours, his...)的功能相当于一个名词,可以独立充当句子成分,后面不能再接名词。它等于“形容词性物主代词 + 名词”。如:
— Whose bike is this? 这是谁的自行车?
— It’s mine (= my bike). 是我的。
Your crayons are red. Mine (= My crayons) are blue.
你的蜡笔是红色的。我的是蓝色的。
物主代词
★ 关键区别:第三人称单数中,his 和 its 的形容词性形式和名词性形式拼写完全相同。而其他代词(如 my/mine, her/hers)形式不同。如:
This is his cap. (形容词性) 这是他的帽子。That cap is his. (名词性) 那顶帽子是他的。
The cat is washing its face. (形容词性) 小猫在洗脸。That basket is its. (名词性) 那个篮子是它的。
物主代词
★ 避免重复:当上下文已明确所指何物时,为了避免重复,必须使用名词性物主代词来代替前面提到的“形容词性物主代词+名词”。如:
My pencil is short, but yours (= your pencil) is long. 我的铅笔短,但你的(铅笔)长。
(不能说:...but your is long.)
考点再现
物主代词
一、单项选择
( )1.I was excited because it was ______ first trip ______ Yunnan.
A.my; to B.my; for C.I; to
( )2.My arms are longer than ______.
A.you B.yours C.you’re
( )3.—Is this your camera? —No. It’s big. _______ is small.
A.Me B.My C.Mine
( )4.This is _______ storybook. _______ is in the desk.
A.her; Mine B.his; My C.hers; Mine
( )5.—Whose brush is this? —It’s ______ brush.
A.I B.my C.me
A
B
A
A
B
一、适当形式填空
1.Please (write) a card to Lily. Today is (she) birthday.
2.My leg is longer than (you).
3.Is (you) father a doctor?
4. (they) hobbies are singing and dancing.
5.We will use computers in all (we) lessons.
过关训练
write her
物主代词
yours
your
Their
our
03
反身代词
反身代词
1. 反身代词的定义:
表示反射或强调的代词叫作反身代词。反身代词可译为“我 (们) 自己、你(们) 自己、他 (们) /她(们) /它(们) 自己”。
人称 数 单数 复数
第一人称 myself (我自己) ourselves (我们自己)
第二人称 yourself (你自己) yourselves (你们自己)
第三人称 himself(他自己) themselves (他们/她们/它们自己)
herself(她自己)
Itself (它自己)
2. 反身代词的作用:
(1) 表示动作的承受者就是执行者自己:当句子的主语和宾语是同一个人或物,宾语必须使用反身代词。如:
The boy can dress himself. 那个男孩能自己穿衣服。(给自己穿)
We enjoyed ourselves at the party. 我们在派对上玩得很开心。(我们自己享受)
常见搭配:teach oneself (自学), hurt oneself (伤到自己), look after oneself (照顾自己)。
反身代词
(2)用于固定搭配中,表示特定含义:如:
Please help yourselves to some fruit. 请你们自己吃点水果。
Did you enjoy yourself on Children's Day? 你儿童节玩得开心吗?
(3)用于强调,作同位语,常译为“亲自、本人、自己”:可放在主语、宾语后,或句末,用来加强语气,此时,即使去掉它,句子基本意思仍然完整。如:
I myself made this model plane. = I made this model plane myself. 这架模型飞机是我自己做的。(强调是“我”亲手做的,不是别人)
You should ask the teacher yourself. 你应该亲自去问老师。(强调“你本人”)
反身代词
反身代词
★ 易错点:反身代词不能独立充当句子的主语。这是常见的错误用法。
错误示例:Myself did it. (错误)
正确示例:I did it myself. 我自己做的。
考点再现
反身代词
一、单项选择
( )1.She can fold the clothes by ________.
A.yourself B.herself C.sheself
( )2.Alice enjoyed ______ at the party on Children’s Day.
A.herself B.yourself C.himself
( )3.Please tell me more about ______.
A.you B.your C.yourself
( )4.Welcome to my home. Help _______ to some fruit.
A.you B.your C.yourself
( )5.Hi, boys and girls! Take it easy and believe in _______.
A.yourselves B.themselves C.myself
B
A
C
C
A
过关训练
反身代词
一、选词填空
1.Please write back soon and tell me about (you / yourself).
2.My teacher wrote a book about (himself / him) last year.
3.July doesn’t want to participate in the show by (myself / herself).
4.I can wash clothes by (my / myself).
5.Help ________(yourself / your).
yourself
himself
herself
myself
yourself
04
指示代词
指示代词
1. 指示代词的定义:
指示代词用于指代特定的人或事物,主要包含“这个”、“那个”、“这些”、“那些”这四组概念。
指示代词
2. 指示代词的分类:指示代词根据所指对象的远近和单复数分为以下四种:
分类 用法 示例
近指 this 指时间或空间上较近的人或事物,指代或修饰可数名词单数。 This is my new pencil case. 这是我的新铅笔盒。(指近处或手中的物品)
these 指时间或空间上较近的人或事物,指代或修饰可数名词复数。 These storybooks are very interesting. 这些故事书很有趣。(指眼前的书)
远指 that 指时间或空间上较远的人或事物,指代或修饰可数名词单数。 Look at that tall building over there! 看那边那栋高楼!(指远处)
those 指时间或空间上较远的人或事物,指代或修饰可数名词复数。 Those were my grandparents’ photos. 那些是我祖父母的照片。(指过去或远处的照片)
指示代词
3. 指示代词的重点用法:
(1)当用“Is this/that…?”或“What’s this/that?”提问时,在回答中通常用it来替代this或that。同样,回答“Are these/those…?”时,用they来替代these或those。如:
— What’s this? 这是什么?
— It is a ruler. 它是一把尺子。(不用:This is a ruler.)
— Are those your crayons? 那些是你的蜡笔吗?
— Yes, they are. 是的,它们是。(不用:Yes, those are.)
指示代词
(2)This, that, these, those 本身已具有限定词的功能。当它们放在名词前作定语时,该名词前不能再加a, an, the或my, your等词。如:
This book is red. 这本书是红色的。
That boy is tall. 那个男孩很高。
(3)在介绍他人或打电话自我介绍时,用“This is…”来表示“我是…”或“这位是…”,而不用“I am…”。如:
Hello, this is Sarah speaking. 你好,我是萨拉。(电话用语)
Mom, this is my classmate, Amy. 妈妈,这位是我的同学艾米。
考点再现
指示代词
一、单项选择
( )1.—What are _________ in English? —They're basketballs.
A.this B.these C.they D.them
( )2.—look! What is ___________ over there on the hill? —I think it' s a small house
A.this B.That C.she D.he
( )3.—Hello! Is ________ Miss Green speaking. —No, ________ is Cindy speaking
A.that; that B.you; I C.that; this D.you; that
( )4.How beautiful ______ skirt is!
A.this B.it C.these D.those
( )5.—Are those your bananas? —Yes, ________.
A.those are B.they are C.they’re
B
B
C
A
B
一、选词填空
1. (This / These) are my shorts.
2.Look at (this / those) sheep. They are eating grass on the farm.
3. (That/Those) pens are nice.
4.Look at (this / these) dresses. They’re very nice.
5. (This / These) books are for Mengmeng. She likes (read / reading).
过关训练
These
指示代词
those
Those
these
These reading
05
不定代词
不定代词
1. 不定代词的定义:
不定代词不指明特定的人或物,而是泛指。它们在句子中可代替名词或形容词,是英语中使用非常广泛且重要的一类词。
不定代词
2. 不定代词的分类:
other另一个
others 另一些
another 另一个; 又 一个
many许多(用于可数名词)
much许多(用于不可数名词)
few 很少; 几乎没有(用于可数名词前)
a few 几个; 一些 (用于可数名词前)
little 很少; 几乎没有(用于不可数名词前)
a little 一点(用于不可数名词前)
one 一个(泛指一个人或物)
ones 一类(泛指一类人或物) some一些
somebody 某人
someone 某人
something 某事; 某物
any一些; 任何
anybody任何人
anyone 任何人
anything 任何事物
no 无
nobody 没有人
no one 无人
nothing 没什么 all全体; 全部
both 两个(都)
none 没有人或物(指两个以上)
neither 没有人或物(指两个当中)
either任何一个(指两个当中)
each 每个
every 每一个
everybody 每人; 大家;人人
everyone 每人
everything 每一 件事物;一切
3. 不定代词的重点用法:
(1)some 与 any 的特殊情况:some 也可用于疑问句,常见于表示邀请、请求或建议的句子中,语气更客气,并期待对方给予肯定回答。如:
Can I have some paper? 我能拿些纸吗?(请求)
Why not try some Cantonese food? 为什么不尝尝一些广东菜呢?(建议)
(2)many/much 常用于疑问句和否定句:在肯定句中,我们更常用 a lot of 或 lots of 来代替 many 和 much,后者在肯定句中常与 too, so, very 等词连用。如:
She has a lot of friends. (肯定句常用)
There is too much homework today. (与too连用)
不定代词
(3)few/a few, little/a little 的“有”与“无”:“a few/a little” 表示虽然少但“还有一点”,是肯定含义;“few/little” 表示“几乎没有”,是否定含义。如:
Hurry up! We have little time. 快点!我们没时间了。(否定,几乎没了)
Don't worry. We still have a little time. 别担心,我们还有一点时间。(肯定,还有)
(4)one/ones 必须有前置定语:用 one 或 ones 代替前面出现过的名词时,如果前面有形容词修饰,必须在 one/ones 前加上相应的冠词(a, an, the)或形容词(如 this, that, which)。
错误示例:I don't like the green shirt. I like blue one. (错误)
正确示例:I don't like the green shirt. I like the blue one. 我不喜欢那件绿衬衫,我喜欢那件蓝的。
不定代词
一、单项选择
( )1.I have two friends. __________ of them are girls.
A.All B.Both C.Lots
( )2.There is ______ dirty smoke from the factory.
A.many B.some C.any
( )3.—I’ll leave the town and see the world. I’ll do _____. —I hope so.
A.something useful B.useful something C.nothing useful
( )4.—Were there _____ trees in the village five years ago, Tom? —Yes.
A.any B.some C.a
( )5.Are there ______ oranges in it?
A.a B.an C.any
考点再现
不定代词
B
B
A
A
C
过关训练
不定代词
一、选词填空
1.We don’t need to buy (some) food.
2.It is very impolite to laugh at (other).
3.There’s (few) cola in the bottle.
4.—Have you got (some) fish from China? —Yes, I have.
any
others
little
any
06
疑问代词
疑问代词
1. 疑问代词的定义:
疑问代词用于引导特殊疑问句,对句子中的特定成分(如人、物、所属关系等)进行提问。
疑问代词
2. 疑问代词的分类:
疑问代词 词义 说明
who 谁(主格) 作主语,用来指人。
whom 谁(宾格) 作宾语,用来指人。
whose 谁的 用来指所属关系,如果作定语,一般后接名词。
which 哪一个 用来指人或事物,在一定范围限制之内进行选择。
what 什么 通常指事物,有时也可用来问人的身份。
疑问代词
3. 疑问代词的用法:
(1)Who 与 Whom 的区别(了解即可):Who 常用作主语或宾语,Whom 是 who 的宾格形式,只作宾语。在现代英语,尤其是口语中,常用 who 代替 whom。如:
正式:Whom did you meet? 你遇见了谁?
口语:Who did you meet? 你遇见了谁?
(2)Whose 的两种用法:
作定语,后面必须接名词。如:Whose books are these? 这些是谁的书?
作表语,独立使用,后面不接名词。如:This umbrella is whose? 这把伞是谁的?
疑问代词
(4)Which 与 What 提问范围的关键区别:Which 提问时,通常有一个明确的、有限的选择范围(如两个或几个已知选项)。What 提问时,没有预设范围,是开放性的提问。如:
Which do you prefer, tea or juice? 茶和果汁,你更喜欢哪一个?(范围明确,二选一)
What would you like to drink? 你想喝点什么?(开放提问,无限制)
疑问代词
★ 疑问代词在句首:特殊疑问句的语序:
所有由疑问代词引导的特殊疑问句,疑问代词必须放在句首,句子采用“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”的语序(即助动词/be动词/情态动词提到主语前)。如:
What are you doing? 你正在做什么?
Who can answer this question? 谁能回答这个问题?
考点再现
疑问代词
一、单项选择
( )1.—__________ schoolbag is this? —Mine.
A.What B.Where C.Whose
( )2.—______ did you see at the insect museum? —I saw many ants.
A.What B.Who C.When
( )3.—____________ does your father do? —He is a doctor.
A.What B.Where C.Who
( )4.—_____ is the weather like _____ Singapore? —It’s rainy.
A.How; in B.What; about C.What; in
( )5.—______ do you want to be? —I want to be a teacher.
A.What B.Who C.Whose
C
A
A
C
A
过关训练
疑问代词
一、选词填空
1.— (who) lollipop is this? —It is . (Tina)
2.— (what) is in your bag? —A book and two pencils.
3.— (who) room is this? —It’s (Lily and Lucy).
4.I like winter best. (When / Which) season do you like best?
5.Don’t worry. I know (what / who) to do next.
Whose Tina’s
What
Whose Lily and Lucy’s
Which
what
07
强化训练
一、单项选择
( )1.We enjoy _______ at the party.
A.ourselves B.yourselves C.us
( )2.Peter and I are e-friends. We _______ like Maths and Music.
A.both B.all C.other
( )3.______ name is Amy. ______ can sing very well.
A.She; She B.His; He C.Her; She
( )4.—Amy, is this your pencil-box? —No. It’s Sarah’s. This one is ______.
A.its B.mine C.me
( )5.—__________ did you go with? —My parents.
A.Where B.Who C.How D.What
A
A
C
B
B
二、用they, themselves, their, them, we填空,每词限用一次。
1.Look at the elephants. noses are very long.
2.Tom and I are in the hospital. don’t feel well.
3.The animals hide in the forest.
4.These soft drinks are bad for your teeth. Please don’t drink .
5.—Where are Kitty and Alice? — are at the dentist’s.
Their
We
themselves
them
They
三、判断题
( )1.判断句子正(T)误(F):
Try on them! They’re comfortable.
( )2.判断句子是(T)否(F)正确:
Yes, I do. Green is me favourite colour.
( )3.判断句子是(T)否(F)正确:
Excuse me. Do you have some T-shirt?
( )4.判断句子是(T)否(F)正确:
Some people enjoy theyselves at the cinema.
( )5.判断句子正(T)误(F):
What can we learn from she?
F
F
F
F
F
四、句型转换
1.That’s Liu Tao’s schoolbag. (对画线部分提问)
_______ schoolbag is this?
2.Mary has a cat. (划线部分提问)
________ does she _______?
3.I brush my teeth every morning. (用Feifei/女生改写)
Feifei _______ _______ teeth every morning.
4.It’s your schoolbag. (改为同义句)
The schoolbag is _______.
5.What do you like doing? (改为同义句)
________ is ________ hobby?
Whose
What have
brushes her
yours
What your
五、阅读判断
My grandfather is 70 years old, but he looks very young and healthy. He taught maths in a middle school. He is kind to everyone and has many hobbies.
Last weekend my grandfather and I went to the cinema. When we got to the gate of the cinema, we saw some posters.
My grandfather asked me, “Let’s see Beijing Operas (京剧). OK?”
“I don’t like Beijing Operas.” I answered.
He asked again, “What about soap operas (肥皂剧)?”
I answered, “I don’t mind them. But my favourites are action movies.”
“OK!” he said. So we saw an action movie, the Twin Dragons. It was very exciting and relaxing. I was very happy. But I found my grandfather sleeping there. I understood all that. In fact, he didn’t like action movies at all. I love my grandfather.
( )1.My grandfather was a maths teacher with many hobbies and he looks very healthy.
( )2.My grandfather wanted to see Beijing Operas first.
( )3.I don’t mind soap operas.
( )4.My grandfather likes the action movies.
( )5.I slept in the cinema.
T
T
T
F
F
$